WO2019034132A1 - 用于电机控制器的保护装置、电机控制器及电动汽车 - Google Patents
用于电机控制器的保护装置、电机控制器及电动汽车 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019034132A1 WO2019034132A1 PCT/CN2018/100940 CN2018100940W WO2019034132A1 WO 2019034132 A1 WO2019034132 A1 WO 2019034132A1 CN 2018100940 W CN2018100940 W CN 2018100940W WO 2019034132 A1 WO2019034132 A1 WO 2019034132A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
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- the present application relates to the field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a protection device for a motor controller, a motor controller and an electric vehicle.
- the control chip such as DSP (Digital Signal Processing) generates six PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) waves to drive the switching transistors IGBT1 to IGBT6 in the three-phase inverter bridge.
- the inverter function is implemented to drive the motor, as shown in Figure 1.
- the DSP collects and detects the motor speed, the DC bus voltage and the motor three-phase current while generating six PWM waves.
- the DSP will adjust the output of the six PWM waves.
- the three-phase six-way PWM wave is short-circuited three-phase to the switch tube to prevent the high back electromotive force of the motor from damaging the switch tube, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the switch tube.
- the above-mentioned three-phase short circuit of the switch tube is realized by software, and the DSP judges according to the collected voltage and current signals to make an action.
- the software implementation protection function has the disadvantages of action delay and unreliability. That is to say, the response time of the software is far greater than the response time of the hardware circuit, which may cause the action delay, and the switch tube cannot be protected in time.
- a first object of the present application is to propose a protection device for a motor controller.
- the device can realize the three-phase short-circuit protection of the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge from the hardware, and the protection is timely, thereby reducing the risk that the software response is not timely caused damage to the switch tube, and improving the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle.
- a second object of the present application is to propose a motor controller.
- a third object of the present application is to propose an electric vehicle.
- the first aspect of the present application provides a protection device for a motor controller, the motor controller includes a three-phase inverter bridge and a control chip, and the control chip is used to collect three motor a phase current and a DC bus voltage
- the protection device comprising: a current comparison circuit, the current comparison circuit being connected to the control chip, the current comparison circuit for using a three-phase current of the motor and a preset current threshold Comparing, and outputting a first comparison signal when the three-phase current of the motor is greater than a preset current threshold;
- the voltage comparison circuit the voltage comparison circuit is connected to the control chip, and the voltage comparison circuit is used for Comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and outputting a second comparison signal when the DC bus voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold;
- a channel selection chip, the channel selection chip and the current comparison circuit respectively The voltage comparison circuit, the control chip and the three-phase inverter bridge are connected, and the channel selection chip is configured to receive the control The chip outputs six
- the protection device for the motor controller of the embodiment of the present application determines whether the three-phase current of the motor has an overcurrent through the current comparison circuit, and determines whether the DC bus voltage is overvoltaged by the voltage comparison circuit, and overcurrent or overvoltage occurs. And outputting at least one of the corresponding first comparison signal and the second comparison signal respectively, and then strobing the six PWM signals output by the control chip according to at least one of the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal by the channel selection chip
- the three-phase short-circuit protection is applied to the motor controller, thereby enabling three-phase short-circuit protection of the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge in time, thereby reducing the risk of the switch being damaged due to the software response being untimely, and improving the electric vehicle. Safety and reliability.
- protection device for the motor controller of the above embodiment of the present application may further have the following additional technical features:
- control chip is further configured to collect the rotation speed of the motor, and output an enable signal to the channel through the first inverter when the rotation speed of the motor is greater than or equal to the preset rotation speed.
- the chip is selected to cause the channel selection chip to perform the gating operation.
- the protection device further includes a NAND gate circuit, and a first input end of the NAND circuit is connected to an output end of the current comparison circuit, and the NAND gate circuit a second input terminal is connected to an output end of the voltage comparison circuit, an output end of the NAND circuit is connected to the channel selection chip, and the NAND gate circuit receives the first comparison signal and the Outputting a high level signal to the channel selection chip when at least one of the comparison signals, wherein the channel selection chip strobes the output three-way bridge PWM signal to the three-phase inverter bridge according to the high level signal a three-phase upper bridge switch tube for controlling all three-phase upper bridge switch tubes to be turned on; or the channel selection chip strobing and outputting three three-way bridge PWM signals according to the high level signal to the three-phase inverse
- the three-phase lower bridge switch tube of the bridge is controlled to control all the three-phase lower bridge switch tubes to be turned on.
- the NAND gate circuit includes a first AND gate and a second inverter.
- the control chip is further configured to detect whether an error of an error occurs in a three-phase upper bridge or a three-phase lower bridge of the three-phase inverter bridge, wherein when the three-phase upper bridge fails The control chip outputs a three-phase upper bridge error signal to the channel selection chip, so that the channel selection chip strobe outputs a three-way down bridge PWM signal to the three-phase lower bridge switch tube of the three-phase inverter bridge; When the three-phase lower bridge fails, the control chip outputs a three-phase lower bridge error signal to the channel selection chip, so that the channel selects the chip strobe output three-way bridge PWM signal to the three-phase inverter The three-phase upper bridge switch of the bridge.
- the current comparison circuit includes: a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to a positive pole of the first DC power source; and a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is The other end of the first resistor is connected to form a first node, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to a negative pole of the first DC power source; a first comparator, a positive input terminal of the first comparator The first node is connected; a third resistor, one end of the third resistor is an input end of the three-phase current of the motor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to a negative input end of the first comparator a fourth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to an output end of the first comparator; a fifth resistor, the first One end of the fifth resistor is connected to the anode of the second DC power source; the sixth resistor has one end connected to the
- the voltage comparison circuit includes: a tenth resistor, one end of the tenth resistor is connected to a positive pole of a third direct current power source; and an eleventh resistor, one end of the eleventh resistor The tenth resistor is connected and forms a third node, the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the negative pole of the third DC power source; the third comparator, the negative output of the third comparator is a third node is connected, a positive input end of the third comparator serves as an input end of the DC bus voltage, and an output end of the third comparator outputs the second comparison signal; a twelfth resistor, the first One end of the twelve resistor is connected to the third node, and the other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the output end of the third comparator; a thirteenth resistor, one end of the thirteenth resistor is One end of the tenth resistor is connected, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the output
- the first comparator, the second comparator, and the third comparator all adopt a ULM2901 chip.
- a second aspect of the present application proposes a motor controller including the above-described protection device for a motor controller.
- the motor controller of the embodiment of the present application adopts the above-mentioned protection device for the motor controller, and can perform three-phase short-circuit protection on the switch tube of the three-phase inverter bridge in time, thereby reducing the risk of the switch tube being damaged due to the software response being not timely. Improve the safety and reliability of electric vehicles.
- an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application proposes an electric vehicle including the above-described motor controller.
- the electric vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention adopts the motor controller of the above embodiment, and can perform three-phase short-circuit protection on the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge in time, thereby reducing the risk that the software response is not timely and causing damage of the switch tube, and improves the risk.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a motor control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a protection device for a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 3 is a topological view of a protection device for a motor controller in accordance with an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 4 is a topological view of a current comparison circuit in accordance with an example of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is a topological diagram of a voltage comparison circuit in accordance with an example of the present application.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the operation of a protection device for a motor controller in accordance with an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
- a protection device, a motor controller, and an electric vehicle for a motor controller of an embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a protection device for a motor controller in accordance with one embodiment of the present application.
- the motor controller 1000 includes a three-phase inverter bridge 10 and a control chip 20, wherein the control chip 20 is used to collect the three-phase current and the DC bus voltage of the motor.
- the protection device 100 of the motor controller includes a current comparison circuit 30, a voltage comparison circuit 40, and a channel selection chip 50.
- the current comparison circuit 30 is connected to the control chip 20, and the current comparison circuit 30 is configured to compare the three-phase current of the motor with a preset current threshold, and output the first when the three-phase current of the motor is greater than a preset current threshold. Compare signals.
- the voltage comparison circuit 40 is connected to the control chip 20, and the voltage comparison circuit 40 is configured to compare the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold and output a second comparison signal when the DC bus voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold.
- the channel selection chip 50 is respectively connected to the current comparison circuit 30, the voltage comparison circuit 40, the control chip 20 and the three-phase inverter bridge 10.
- the channel selection chip 50 is configured to receive the six PWM signals output by the control chip 20, and according to the first comparison signal. And strobing the six PWM signals with at least one of the second comparison signals to perform three-phase short circuit protection on the three-phase inverter bridge 10.
- the current threshold preset with the three-phase current of the motor and the voltage threshold preset with the DC bus voltage can be set according to a specific motor controller and needs.
- the current comparison circuit 30 outputs a first comparison signal when the three-phase current of the motor is greater than a preset current threshold
- the voltage comparison circuit 40 outputs a second comparison signal when the DC bus voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold
- the channel selection chip The receiving circuit 20 receives the six PWM signals outputted by the control chip 20, and the channel selecting chip 50 can generate an overcurrent according to at least one of the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal, that is, when the three-phase current of the motor occurs or the DC bus voltage is overvoltaged.
- the six-way PWM signal is gated to perform three-phase short-circuit protection on the three-phase inverter bridge 10. That is to say, the channel selection chip 50 can perform gating on the three-phase inverter bridge 10 according to at least one of the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal to perform three-phase short-circuit protection.
- the protection device can perform three-phase short-circuit protection on the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge in time, thereby reducing the risk of the switch tube being damaged due to the software failure, and improving the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle.
- control chip 20 is further configured to collect the rotation speed of the motor, and output an enable signal through the first inverter D1 when the rotation speed of the motor is greater than or equal to the preset rotation speed.
- the channel selection chip 50 is strobed. Thereby, the switching tube in the three-phase inverter bridge can be effectively protected when the motor is running at high speed, thereby reducing the risk of damage.
- the protection device 100 further includes a NAND circuit 60.
- the first input terminal of the NAND circuit 60 is connected to the output of the current comparison circuit 30.
- the second input of the circuit 60 is connected to the output of the voltage comparison circuit 40, the output of the NAND circuit 60 is connected to the channel selection chip 50, and the NAND circuit 60 receives the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal.
- At least one of the outputs outputs a high level signal to the channel selection chip 50. That is, the NAND circuit 60 outputs a high level signal to the channel selection chip 50 when receiving at least one of the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal.
- the channel selection chip 50 strobes and outputs the three-way bridge PWM signal to the three-phase upper bridge switch tube of the three-phase inverter bridge 10 (ie, IGBT2, IGBT4, and IGBT6 in FIG. 1) according to the high level signal to control the three-phase.
- the upper switch tube is all turned on; or the channel selection chip 50 strobes and outputs the three-way lower bridge PWM signal according to the high level signal to the three-phase lower bridge switch tube of the three-phase inverter bridge 10 (ie, IGBT1, IGBT3 in FIG. 1) And IGBT5) to control all three-phase lower bridge switch tubes to conduct.
- the NAND circuit 60 includes a first AND gate A and a second inverter D2.
- the AND gate A and the second inverter D2 are connected in series. Specifically, the second comparison signal is connected to the input terminal of the gate A. And the first comparison signal, the output of the AND gate A is connected to one end of the second inverter D2, and the other end of the second inverter D2 is connected to the IN2 pin of the channel selection chip 50.
- the control chip 20 is further configured to detect whether an error of an error occurs in the three-phase upper bridge or the three-phase lower bridge of the three-phase inverter bridge 10.
- the control chip 20 outputs a three-phase upper bridge error signal to the channel selection chip 50, so that the channel selection chip 50 strobes and outputs the three-way lower bridge PWM signal to the three-phase inverter bridge 10
- the control chip 20 outputs a three-phase lower bridge error signal to the channel selection chip 50, so that the channel selection chip strobe outputs the three-way bridge PWM signal to the three-phase inverter bridge 10 Three-phase upper bridge switch tube.
- the current comparison circuit 30 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first comparator C1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5.
- the one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the first DC power source DC1.
- One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1, and forms a first node a, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the cathode of the first DC power source DC1.
- the positive input of the first comparator C1 is connected to the first node a.
- One end of the third resistor R3 serves as an input terminal of the three-phase current of the motor, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first comparator C1.
- One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the first comparator C1.
- One end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the anode of the second DC power source DC2.
- One end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor R5, and a second node b is formed, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the cathode of the second DC power source DC2.
- One end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the second node b.
- the negative input end of the second comparator C2 serves as the input end of the three-phase current of the motor, the negative input end of the second comparator C2 is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R7, and the output end of the second comparator C2 is first
- the output of the comparator C1 is connected to output a first comparison signal.
- One end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the output end of the second comparator C2.
- One end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the output end of the first comparator C1.
- the three-phase current is alternating current, and when it is overcurrent, it may be a positive overcurrent or a reverse overcurrent. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the judgment, two comparators may be provided (first The comparator C1 and the second comparator C2) determine whether the three-phase current of the motor is greater than a preset current threshold.
- the voltage comparison circuit 40 includes a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a third comparator C3, a twelfth resistor R12, and a thirteenth resistor R13.
- the one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the anode of the third DC power source DC3.
- One end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the tenth resistor R10, and forms a third node c, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the cathode of the third DC power source DC3.
- the negative output of the third comparator C3 is connected to the third node c, the positive input of the third comparator C3 serves as the input of the DC bus voltage, and the output of the third comparator C3 is used to output the second comparison signal.
- One end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the third node c, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the output terminal of the third comparator C3.
- One end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the output end of the third comparator C3.
- the first comparator C1, the second comparator C2, and the third comparator C3 may each select a ULM2901 chip.
- the values of the voltages of the first DC power source DC1, the second DC power source DC2, and the third DC power source DC3, and the resistance values of the first to thirteenth resistors R1, R13, are known to those skilled in the art. , can be set according to the specific motor control circuit, not specifically limited here.
- the current comparison circuit 30 and the voltage comparison circuit 40 are not limited to the topology shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and may each be set according to any of the differential comparison circuits.
- the control chip 20 inputs the three-phase current of the collected motor to the current comparison circuit 30, and when the three-phase current of the motor is greater than the comparison threshold set by the current comparison circuit 30, it is considered to occur.
- the overcurrent the current comparison circuit 30 outputs a first comparison signal, the first comparison signal is at a low level, otherwise the third comparison signal is output, and the third comparison signal is at a high level.
- the control chip 20 inputs the collected DC bus voltage to the voltage comparison circuit 40.
- the DC bus voltage is greater than the comparison threshold set by the voltage comparison circuit, it is considered that an overvoltage occurs, and the voltage comparison circuit 40 outputs.
- the second comparison signal, the second comparison signal is low level, otherwise the fourth comparison signal is output, and the fourth comparison signal is high level.
- the control chip 20 compares the speed of the collected motor with a preset speed. When the speed of the collected motor is greater than or equal to the preset speed, the enable signal output through the first inverter D1 is low. .
- the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal are input to the NAND circuit 60, and the preset NAND signals are output to the IN1 and IN2 pins of the channel selection chip 50.
- the enable signal is input to the /EN pin of the channel selection chip 50.
- the lower bridge error signal /FLTB is outputted to FLTB after the third inverter D3, and the lower bridge error signal /FLTB is input to the NO1/NO3/NO5 pin (lower bridge PWM) of the channel selection chip 50, and the FLTB is input to the channel selection chip.
- the NO2/NO4/NO6 pin of 50 (upper bridge PWM) inputs six PWM waves from the control chip 20 to the NC1 to NC6 pins of the channel selection chip 50.
- the current comparison circuit 30 and the voltage comparison circuit 40 when overcurrent or overvoltage occurs, at least one of the current comparison circuit 30 and the voltage comparison circuit 40 outputs a low level, and the preset NAND signal is output after the NAND gate circuit 60 is high.
- the level is input to the IN1/IN2 pin of the channel selection chip 50. If the rotation speed of the motor is greater than the preset rotation speed at this time, the enable signal outputted through the first inverter D1 is at a low level, and is input to the /EN enable pin of the channel selection chip 50.
- the channel selection chip 50 can gate the NO1/NO2/NO3/NO4/NO5/NO6 channels, and the upper bridge (NO2/NO4/NO6) preset outputs COM2/COM4/COM6, and the lower bridge (NO1/NO3/NO5) The default output is COM1/COM3/COM5.
- the PWM output of the upper bridge is FLTB
- the PWM output of the lower bridge is /FLTB
- the lower bridge reports an error /FLTB is low
- the output of the three-way lower bridge PWM wave is low
- three-phase inverter bridge The three-phase lower bridge of 10 is closed, FLTB is high level, the PWM wave output of the three-way bridge is high level, and the three-phase upper bridge of the three-phase inverter bridge 10 is short-circuited; when the lower bridge is not reported, /FLTB is high Ping, three-way lower bridge PWM wave output is high level, three-phase inverter bridge 10 three-phase lower bridge open short circuit, FLTB is low level, three-way bridge PWM wave output is low level, three-phase inverter bridge The three-phase upper bridge of 10 is closed. Thereby, the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge can be protected in time, the risk of the switch tube being damaged due to the software response is not reduced, and the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle are improved.
- the protection device for the motor controller uses electronic components to construct a hardware circuit such as a current comparison circuit and a voltage comparison circuit, thereby selecting a chip according to a current through a channel when an overcurrent or an overvoltage occurs.
- the corresponding comparison signal outputted by the comparison circuit and the voltage comparison circuit strobes the six PWM signals output by the control chip to perform three-phase short-circuit protection on the motor controller, thereby realizing the three-phase inverter bridge switch from the hardware.
- the three-phase short-circuit protection of the tube reduces the delay and can protect the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge in time, which reduces the risk of the switch being damaged due to the software response, and improves the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the structure of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the motor controller 1000 includes the protection device 100 for the motor controller of the above embodiment.
- the motor controller 1000 further includes a three-phase inverter bridge 10 and a control chip 20.
- the motor controller of one embodiment of the present application implements the three-phase short-circuit protection of the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge from the hardware by using the above-mentioned protection device for the motor controller, which can reduce the delay and protect the three-phase inverse in time.
- the switch tube in the variable bridge reduces the risk of damage to the switch tube caused by the software response, and improves the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle.
- the present application proposes an electric vehicle.
- Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing the structure of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the electric vehicle 2000 includes the motor controller 1000 of the above embodiment.
- the electric vehicle of the embodiment of the present application adopts the motor controller of the above embodiment to realize the three-phase short-circuit protection of the switch tube in the three-phase inverter bridge from the hardware, which can reduce the delay and protect the three-phase inverter bridge in time.
- the switch tube reduces the risk of damage to the switch tube caused by the software response, and improves the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle itself.
- first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
- features defining “first” and “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
- the meaning of "a plurality” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
- the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. , or integrated; can be mechanical or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements, unless otherwise specified Limited.
- the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
- the first feature "on” or “below” the second feature may be the direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features are indirectly through the intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact.
- the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
- the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种电机控制器和用于其的保护装置及电动汽车,其中,电机控制器包括三相逆变桥和控制芯片,控制芯片用于采集电机的三相电流和直流母线电压,保护装置包括:与控制芯片相连的电流比较电路,用于对在电机的三相电流大于预设的电流阈值时输出第一比较信号;与控制芯片相连的电压比较电路,用于在直流母线电压大于预设的电压阈值时输出第二比较信号;分别与电流比较电路、电压比较电路、控制芯片和三相逆变桥相连的通道选择芯片,用于接收控制芯片输出的六路PWM信号,并根据第一比较信号和第二比较信号中的至少一个对六路PWM信号进行选通。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201710707220.1,申请日均为2017年08月17日的中国专利申请提出,并要求该中国专利申请的优先权,该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
本申请涉及电动汽车领域,具体涉及用于电机控制器的保护装置、电机控制器和电动汽车。
电机控制器在对电机进行控制时,控制芯片如DSP(Digital Signal Processing,数字信号处理)产生六路PWM(Pulse Width Modulation,脉宽调制)波驱动三相逆变桥中的开关管IGBT1~IGBT6,实现逆变功能以驱动电机,如图1所示。DSP在产生六路PWM波的同时,对电机转速、直流母线电压和电机三相电流进行采集检测,当发生过压或者过流且检测到电机转速为高时,DSP将调整输出的六路PWM波,使三相六路PWM波对开关管进行三相短路,以防止电机的高反电动势损坏开关管,从而实现保护开关管的目的。
相关技术中,上述对开关管进行三相短路是依靠软件来实现的,DSP根据采集到的电压电流信号来判断以做出动作。然而,软件实现保护功能存在动作延时和不可靠等缺点,即言,软件的响应时间远远大于硬件电路的响应时间,由此可能会导致动作延时,不能及时保护开关管。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此,本申请的第一个目的在于提出一种用于电机控制器的保护装置。该装置能够从硬件上实现三相逆变桥中开关管的三相短路保护,且保护及时,进而降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车的安全性和可靠性。
本申请的第二个目的在于提出一种电机控制器。
本申请的第三个目的在于提出一种电动汽车。
为达到上述目的,本申请第一方面实施例提出了一种用于电机控制器的保护装置,所述电机控制器包括三相逆变桥和控制芯片,所述控制芯片用于采集电机的三相电流和直流母线电压,所述保护装置包括:电流比较电路,所述电流比较电路与所述控制芯片相连,所述电流比较电路用于对所述电机的三相电流与预设的电流阈值进行比较,并在所述电机 的三相电流大于预设的电流阈值时输出第一比较信号;电压比较电路,所述电压比较电路与所述控制芯片相连,所述电压比较电路用于对所述直流母线电压与预设的电压阈值进行比较,并在所述直流母线电压大于预设的电压阈值时输出第二比较信号;通道选择芯片,所述通道选择芯片分别与所述电流比较电路、所述电压比较电路、所述控制芯片和所述三相逆变桥相连,所述通道选择芯片用于接收所述控制芯片输出的六路PWM信号,并根据所述第一比较信号和所述第二比较信号中的至少一个对所述六路PWM信号进行选通以对所述三相逆变桥进行三相短路保护。
本申请实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置,通过电流比较电路判断电机的三相电流是否发生过流,通过电压比较电路判断直流母线电压是否发生过压,并在发生过流或过压时,分别输出相应的第一比较信号和第二比较信号中的至少一个,进而通过通道选择芯片根据第一比较信号和第二比较信号中的至少一个对控制芯片输出的六路PWM信号进行选通,以对电机控制器进行三相短路保护,由此,能够及时对三相逆变桥中的开关管进行三相短路保护,降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车的安全性和可靠性。
另外,本申请上述实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置还可以具有如下附加的技术特征:
根据本申请的一个实施例,所述控制芯片还用于采集所述电机的转速,并在所述电机的转速大于或者等于预设转速时通过第一反相器输出使能信号至所述通道选择芯片,使所述通道选择芯片进行选通工作。
根据本申请的一个实施例,所述保护装置,还包括与非门电路,所述与非门电路的第一输入端与所述电流比较电路的输出端相连,所述与非门电路的第二输入端与所述电压比较电路的输出端相连,所述与非门电路的输出端与所述通道选择芯片相连,所述与非门电路在接收到所述第一比较信号和所述第二比较信号中的至少一个时输出高电平信号至所述通道选择芯片,其中,所述通道选择芯片根据所述高电平信号选通输出三路上桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相上桥开关管,以控制所述三相上桥开关管全部导通;或者所述通道选择芯片根据所述高电平信号选通输出三路下桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相下桥开关管,以控制所述三相下桥开关管全部导通。
根据本申请的一个实施例,所述与非门电路包括第一与门和第二反相器。
根据本申请的一个实施例,所述控制芯片还用于检测所述三相逆变桥的三相上桥或三相下桥是否发生报错故障,其中,当所述三相上桥发生故障时,所述控制芯片输出三相上桥报错信号至所述通道选择芯片,以便所述通道选择芯片选通输出三路下桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相下桥开关管;当所述三相下桥发生故障时,所述控制芯片输出三相下桥报错信号至所述通道选择芯片,以便所述通道选择芯片选通输出三路上桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相上桥开关管。
根据本申请的一个实施例,所述电流比较电路包括:第一电阻,所述第一电阻的一端与第一直流电源的正极相连;第二电阻,所述第二电阻的一端与所述第一电阻的另一端相连,并形成第一节点,所述第二电阻的另一端与所述第一直流电源的负极相连;第一比较器,所述第一比较器的正输入端与所述第一节点相连;第三电阻,所述第三电阻的一端作为所述电机的三相电流的输入端,所述第三电阻的另一端与所述第一比较器的负输入端相连;第四电阻,所述第四电阻的一端与所述第三电阻的另一端相连,所述第四电阻的另一端与所述第一比较器的输出端相连;第五电阻,所述第五电阻的一端与第二直流电源的正极相连;第六电阻,所述第六电阻的一端与所述第五电阻的另一端相连,并形成第二节点,所述第六电阻的另一端与所述第二直流电源的负极相连;第七电阻,所述第七电阻的一端与所述第二节点相连;第二比较器,所述第二比较器的负输入端作为所述电机的三相电流的输入端,所述第二比较器的正输入端与所述第七电阻的另一端与相连,所述第二比较器的输出端与所述第一比较器的输出端相连,用以输出所述第一比较信号;第八电阻,所述第八电阻的一端与所述第七电阻的另一端相连,所述第八电阻的另一端与所述第二比较器的输出端相连;第九电阻,所述第九电阻的一端与所述第一电阻的一端相连,所述第九电阻的另一端与所述第一比较器的输出端相连。
根据本申请的一个实施例,所述电压比较电路包括:第十电阻,所述第十电阻的一端与第三直流电源的正极相连;第十一电阻,所述第十一电阻的一端与所述第十电阻相连,并形成第三节点,所述第十一电阻的另一端与所述第三直流电源的负极相连;第三比较器,所述第三比较器的负输出端与所述第三节点相连,所述第三比较器的正输入端作为所述直流母线电压的输入端,所述第三比较器的输出端输出所述第二比较信号;第十二电阻,所述第十二电阻的一端与所述第三节点相连,所述第十二电阻的另一端与所述第三比较器的输出端相连;第十三电阻,所述第十三电阻的一端与所述第十电阻的一端相连,所述第十三电阻的另一端与所述第三比较器的输出端相连。
根据本申请的一个实施例,所述第一比较器、所述第二比较器、所述第三比较器均采用ULM2901芯片。
为达到上述目的,本申请第二方面实施例提出了一种电机控制器,其包括上述的用于电机控制器的保护装置。
本申请实施例的电机控制器,采用上述用于电机控制器的保护装置,能够及时对三相逆变桥中开关管进行三相短路保护,降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车的安全性和可靠性。
为达到上述目的,本申请第三方面实施例提出了一种电动汽车,其包括上述的电机控制器。
本申请实施例的电动汽车,采用上述实施例的电机控制器,能够及时对三相逆变桥中的开关管进行三相短路保护,降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动 汽车自身的安全性和可靠性。
本申请的上述或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1是根据本申请一个实施例的电机控制电路图;
图2是根据本申请一个实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置的结构框图;
图3是根据本申请一个具体实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置的拓扑图;
图4是根据本申请一个示例的电流比较电路的拓扑图;
图5是根据本申请一个示例的电压比较电路的拓扑图;
图6是根据本申请一个具体实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置的工作流程图;
图7是根据本申请一个实施例的电机控制器的结构框图;
图8是根据本申请一个实施例的电动汽车的结构框图。
下面详细描述本申请的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本申请,而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考附图描述本申请实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置、电机控制器和电动汽车。
图2是根据本申请一个实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置的结构框图。
在本申请的实施例中,如图1所示,电机控制器1000包括三相逆变桥10和控制芯片20,其中,控制芯片20用于采集电机的三相电流和直流母线电压。
如图2所示,电机控制器的保护装置100包括电流比较电路30、电压比较电路40和通道选择芯片50。
其中,电流比较电路30与控制芯片20相连,电流比较电路30用于对电机的三相电流与预设的电流阈值进行比较,并在电机的三相电流大于预设的电流阈值时输出第一比较信号。电压比较电路40与控制芯片20相连,电压比较电路40用于对直流母线电压与预设的电压阈值进行比较,并在直流母线电压大于预设的电压阈值时输出第二比较信号。通道选择芯片50分别与电流比较电路30、电压比较电路40、控制芯片20和三相逆变桥10相连,通道选择芯片50用于接收控制芯片20输出的六路PWM信号,并根据第一比较信号和第二比较信号中的至少一个对六路PWM信号进行选通以对三相逆变桥10进行三相短路保护。
在该实施例中,与电机的三相电流预设的电流阈值和与直流母线电压预设的电压阈值可根据具体的电机控制器及需要进行设置。
具体地,电流比较电路30在电机的三相电流大于预设的电流阈值时输出第一比较信号,电压比较电路40在直流母线电压大于预设的电压阈值时输出第二比较信号,通道选择芯片50接收控制芯片20输出的六路PWM信号,进而通道选择芯片50可根据第一比较信号和第二比较信号中的至少一个,即电机的三相电流发生过流或直流母线电压发生过压时,对六路PWM信号进行选通以对三相逆变桥10进行三相短路保护。也就是说,通道选择芯片50可根据第一比较信号和第二比较信号的至少其中一个,六路PWM信号进行选通以对三相逆变桥10进行三相短路保护。
由此,该保护装置能够及时对三相逆变桥中的开关管进行三相短路保护,降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车的安全性和可靠性。
在本申请的一个实施例中,如图3所示,控制芯片20还用于采集电机的转速,并在电机的转速大于或者等于预设转速时,通过第一反相器D1输出使能信号至通道选择芯片50,使通道选择芯片50进行选通工作。由此,可以在电机高速运转时对三相逆变桥中的开关管进行有效保护,降低其损坏风险。
在本申请的一个具体实施例中,如图3所示,保护装置100还包括与非门电路60,与非门电路60的第一输入端与电流比较电路30的输出端相连,与非门电路60的第二输入端与电压比较电路40的输出端相连,与非门电路60的输出端与通道选择芯片50相连,与非门电路60在接收到第一比较信号和第二比较信号中的至少一个时输出高电平信号至通道选择芯片50。也就是说,与非门电路60在接收到第一比较信号和第二比较信号的至少其中一个时,输出高电平信号至通道选择芯片50。
其中,通道选择芯片50根据高电平信号选通输出三路上桥PWM信号至三相逆变桥10的三相上桥开关管(即图1中的IGBT2、IGBT4和IGBT6),以控制三相上桥开关管全部导通;或者通道选择芯片50根据高电平信号选通输出三路下桥PWM信号至三相逆变桥10的三相下桥开关管(即图1中的IGBT1、IGBT3和IGBT5),以控制三相下桥开关管全部导通。
参见图3,与非门电路60包括第一与门A和第二反相器D2,与门A与第二反相器D2串联连接,具体地,与门A的输入端连接第二比较信号和第一比较信号,与门A的输出端与第二反相器D2的一端连接,第二反相器D2的另一端与通道选择芯片50的IN2脚连接。
在本申请的实施例中,参见图3,控制芯片20还用于检测三相逆变桥10的三相上桥或三相下桥是否发生报错故障。其中,当三相上桥发生故障时,控制芯片20输出三相上桥报错信号至通道选择芯片50,以便通道选择芯片50选通输出三路下桥PWM信号至三相逆变桥10的三相下桥开关管;当三相下桥发生故障时,控制芯片20输出三相下桥报错信号至通道选择芯片50,以便通道选择芯片选通输出三路上桥PWM信号至三相逆变桥10的三相上桥开关管。
在本申请的一个示例中,如图4所示,电流比较电路30包括第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、第一比较器C1、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6、第七电阻R7、 第二比较器C2、第八电阻R8和第九电阻R9。
其中,第一电阻R1的一端与第一直流电源DC1的正极相连。第二电阻R2的一端与第一电阻R1的另一端相连,并形成第一节点a,第二电阻R2的另一端与第一直流电源DC1的负极相连。第一比较器C1的正输入端与第一节点a相连。第三电阻R3的一端作为电机的三相电流的输入端,第三电阻R3的另一端与第一比较器C1的负输入端相连。第四电阻R4的一端与第三电阻R3的另一端相连,第四电阻R4的另一端与第一比较器C1的输出端相连。第五电阻R5的一端与第二直流电源DC2的正极相连。第六电阻R6的一端与第五电阻R5的另一端相连,并形成第二节点b,第六电阻R6的另一端与第二直流电源DC2的负极相连。第七电阻R7的一端与第二节点b相连。第二比较器C2的负输入端作为电机的三相电流的输入端,第二比较器C2的负输入端与第七电阻R7的另一端与相连,第二比较器C2的输出端与第一比较器C1的输出端相连,用以输出第一比较信号。第八电阻R8的一端与第七电阻R7的另一端相连,第八电阻R8的另一端与第二比较器C2的输出端相连。第九电阻R9的一端与第一电阻R1的一端相连,第九电阻R9的另一端与第一比较器C1的输出端相连。
需要说明的是,三相电流为交流电,当其出现过流时,可能是正向过流,也可能是反向过流,因此,为提高判断的准确性,可以设置两个比较器(第一比较器C1、第二比较器C2)判断电机的三相电流是否大于预设的电流阈值。
进一步地,如图5所示,电压比较电路40包括第十电阻R10、第十一电阻R11、第三比较器C3、第十二电阻R12和第十三电阻R13。
其中,第十电阻R10的一端与第三直流电源DC3的正极相连。第十一电阻R11的一端与第十电阻R10相连,并形成第三节点c,第十一电阻R11的另一端与第三直流电源DC3的负极相连。第三比较器C3的负输出端与第三节点c相连,第三比较器C3的正输入端作为直流母线电压的输入端,第三比较器C3的输出端用以输出第二比较信号。第十二电阻R12的一端与第三节点c相连,第十二电阻R12的另一端与第三比较器C3的输出端相连。第十三电阻R13的一端与第十电阻R10的一端相连,第十三电阻R13的另一端与第三比较器C3的输出端相连。
可选地,第一比较器C1、第二比较器C2和第三比较器C3均可选用ULM2901芯片。
需要说明的是,第一直流电源DC1、第二直流电源DC2和第三直流电源DC3的电压取值,以及第一电阻R1~第十三电阻R13的阻值,对本领域的技术人员而言,均可根据具体的电机控制电路进行设定,此处不做具体限定。
另外,电流比较电路30和电压比较电路40的并不限于图4、图5示出的拓扑结构,其均可以根据任一差分比较电路进行设置。
下面结合图3-图6,描述本申请一个实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置的工作原理,以便于理解。
具体而言,参见图3、图4,控制芯片20将采集的电机的三相电流输入至电流比较电路30,当电机的三相电流大于电流比较电路30所设置的比较阈值时,则认为发生了过流,电流比较电路30输出第一比较信号,第一比较信号为低电平,否则输出第三比较信号,第三比较信号为高电平。
参见图3、图5,控制芯片20将采集的直流母线电压输入至电压比较电路40,当直流母线电压大于电压比较电路所设置的比较阈值时,则认为发生了过压,电压比较电路40输出的第二比较信号,第二比较信号为低电平,否则输出第四比较信号,第四比较信号为高电平。
参见图3,控制芯片20将采集的电机的转速与预设转速进行比较,当采集的电机的转速大于或者等于预设转速时,通过第一反相器D1输出的使能信号为低电平。
进一步地,参见图3,将第一比较信号、第二比较信号输入至与非电路60,输出预设的与非信号至通道选择芯片50的IN1和IN2脚。使能信号输入至通道选择芯片50的/EN脚。下桥报错信号/FLTB经过第三反相器D3后输出FLTB,将下桥报错信号/FLTB输入至通道选择芯片50的NO1/NO3/NO5引脚(下桥PWM),FLTB输入至通道选择芯片50的NO2/NO4/NO6引脚(上桥PWM),控制芯片20发出的六路PWM波输入至通道选择芯片50的NC1~NC6引脚。
参见图3、图6,当发生过流或过压时,电流比较电路30和电压比较电路40中的至少一个输出低电平,经与非门电路60后输出预设的与非信号为高电平,并输入至通道选择芯片50的IN1/IN2引脚。若此时电机的转速大于预设转速,则经过第一反相器D1输出的使能信号为低电平,并输入至通道选择芯片50的/EN使能脚。进而通道选择芯片50可对NO1/NO2/NO3/NO4/NO5/NO6通道进行选通,上桥(NO2/NO4/NO6)预设输出COM2/COM4/COM6,下桥(NO1/NO3/NO5)预设输出COM1/COM3/COM5。
如果上桥三路PWM输出为FLTB,下桥三路PWM输出为/FLTB,则当下桥报错时,/FLTB为低电平,三路下桥PWM波输出为低电平,三相逆变桥10的三相下桥关闭,FLTB为高电平,三路上桥PWM波输出为高电平,三相逆变桥10的三相上桥开通短路;当下桥不报错时,/FLTB为高电平,三路下桥PWM波输出为高电平,三相逆变桥10的三相下桥开通短路,FLTB为低电平,三路上桥PWM波输出为低电平,三相逆变桥10的三相上桥关闭。由此,能够及时保护三相逆变桥中的开关管,降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车的安全性和可靠性。
综上,本申请一个实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置,采用电子元器件搭建电流比较电路、电压比较电路等硬件电路,进而在发生过流或过压时,通过通道选择芯片根据电流比较电路和电压比较电路输出的相应的比较信号对控制芯片输出的六路PWM信号进行选通,以对电机控制器进行三相短路保护,由此,从硬件上实现了三相逆变桥中开关管的三相短路保护,减小了时延,能够及时保护三相逆变桥中的开关管,降低了软件响应不及时 造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车的安全性和可靠性。
图7是根据本申请一个实施例的电机控制器的结构框图。如图7所示,电机控制器1000包括上述实施例的用于电机控制器的保护装置100。
在该实施例中,电机控制器1000还包括三相逆变器桥10和控制芯片20。
本申请一个实施例的电机控制器,采用上述用于电机控制器的保护装置,从硬件上实现了三相逆变桥中开关管的三相短路保护,能够减小时延,及时保护三相逆变桥中的开关管,进而降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车的安全性和可靠性。
进一步地,本申请提出了一种电动汽车。
图8是本申请一个实施例的电动汽车的结构框图。如图8所示,电动汽车2000包括上述实施例的电机控制器1000。
本申请实施例的电动汽车,采用上述实施例的电机控制器,从硬件上实现了三相逆变桥中开关管的三相短路保护,能够减小时延,及时保护三相逆变桥中的开关管,进而降低了软件响应不及时造成开关管损坏的风险,提高了电动汽车自身的安全性和可靠性。
另外,根据本申请一个实施例的电动汽车的其它构成以及作用对于本领域的普通技术人员而言都是已知的,为了减少冗余,此处不做赘述。
在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系,除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触,或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且,第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或 斜上方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本申请的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (10)
- 一种用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,所述电机控制器包括三相逆变桥和控制芯片,所述控制芯片用于采集电机的三相电流和直流母线电压,所述保护装置包括:电流比较电路,所述电流比较电路与所述控制芯片相连,所述电流比较电路用于对所述电机的三相电流与预设的电流阈值进行比较,并在所述电机的三相电流大于所述预设的电流阈值时输出第一比较信号;电压比较电路,所述电压比较电路与所述控制芯片相连,所述电压比较电路用于对所述直流母线电压与预设的电压阈值进行比较,并在所述直流母线电压大于预设的电压阈值时输出第二比较信号;通道选择芯片,所述通道选择芯片分别与所述电流比较电路、所述电压比较电路、所述控制芯片和所述三相逆变桥相连,所述通道选择芯片用于接收所述控制芯片输出的六路PWM信号,并根据所述第一比较信号和所述第二比较信号中的至少一个对所述六路PWM信号进行选通以对所述三相逆变桥进行三相短路保护。
- 如权利要求1所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,所述控制芯片还用于采集所述电机的转速,并在所述电机的转速大于或者等于预设转速时通过第一反相器输出使能信号至所述通道选择芯片,使所述通道选择芯片进行选通工作。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,还包括与非门电路,所述与非门电路的第一输入端与所述电流比较电路的输出端相连,所述与非门电路的第二输入端与所述电压比较电路的输出端相连,所述与非门电路的输出端与所述通道选择芯片相连,所述与非门电路在接收到所述第一比较信号和所述第二比较信号中的至少一个时输出高电平信号至所述通道选择芯片,其中,所述通道选择芯片根据所述高电平信号选通输出三路上桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相上桥开关管,以控制所述三相上桥开关管全部导通;或者所述通道选择芯片根据所述高电平信号选通输出三路下桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相下桥开关管,以控制所述三相下桥开关管全部导通。
- 如权利要求3所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,所述与非门电路包括第一与门和第二反相器,所述与门与所述第二反相器串联连接。
- 如权利要求3或4所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,所述控制芯片还用于检测所述三相逆变桥的三相上桥或三相下桥是否发生报错故障,其中,当所述三相上桥发生故障时,所述控制芯片输出三相上桥报错信号至所述通道选择芯片,以便所述通道选择芯片选通输出三路下桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相下桥开关管;当所述三相下桥发生故障时,所述控制芯片输出三相下桥报错信号至所述通道选择芯片,以便所述通道选择芯片选通输出三路上桥PWM信号至所述三相逆变桥的三相上桥开关 管。
- 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,所述电流比较电路包括:第一电阻,所述第一电阻的一端与第一直流电源的正极相连;第二电阻,所述第二电阻的一端与所述第一电阻的另一端相连,并形成第一节点,所述第二电阻的另一端与所述第一直流电源的负极相连;第一比较器,所述第一比较器的正输入端与所述第一节点相连;第三电阻,所述第三电阻的一端作为所述电机的三相电流的输入端,所述第三电阻的另一端与所述第一比较器的负输入端相连;第四电阻,所述第四电阻的一端与所述第三电阻的另一端相连,所述第四电阻的另一端与所述第一比较器的输出端相连;第五电阻,所述第五电阻的一端与第二直流电源的正极相连;第六电阻,所述第六电阻的一端与所述第五电阻的另一端相连,并形成第二节点,所述第六电阻的另一端与所述第二直流电源的负极相连;第七电阻,所述第七电阻的一端与所述第二节点相连;第二比较器,所述第二比较器的负输入端作为所述电机的三相电流的输入端,所述第二比较器的正输入端与所述第七电阻的另一端与相连,所述第二比较器的输出端与所述第一比较器的输出端相连,用以输出所述第一比较信号;第八电阻,所述第八电阻的一端与所述第七电阻的另一端相连,所述第八电阻的另一端与所述第二比较器的输出端相连;第九电阻,所述第九电阻的一端与所述第一电阻的一端相连,所述第九电阻的另一端与所述第一比较器的输出端相连。
- 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,所述电压比较电路包括:第十电阻,所述第十电阻的一端与第三直流电源的正极相连;第十一电阻,所述第十一电阻的一端与所述第十电阻相连,并形成第三节点,所述第十一电阻的另一端与所述第三直流电源的负极相连;第三比较器,所述第三比较器的负输出端与所述第三节点相连,所述第三比较器的正输入端作为所述直流母线电压的输入端,所述第三比较器的输出端输出所述第二比较信号;第十二电阻,所述第十二电阻的一端与所述第三节点相连,所述第十二电阻的另一端与所述第三比较器的输出端相连;第十三电阻,所述第十三电阻的一端与所述第十电阻的一端相连,所述第十三电阻的另一端与所述第三比较器的输出端相连。
- 如权利要求6或7所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,其特征在于,所述第一比较器、所述第二比较器、所述第三比较器均采用ULM2901芯片。
- 一种电机控制器,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的用于电机控制器的保护装置,所述电机控制器包括三相逆变桥和控制芯片,所述三相逆变桥与所述保护装置连接,所述控制芯片与所述保护装置连接。
- 一种电动汽车,其特征在于,包括如权利要求9所述的电机控制器。
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CN205901275U (zh) * | 2016-07-18 | 2017-01-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 电机控制器及其保护装置 |
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