WO2018223940A1 - 一种冲击应力波检测*** - Google Patents

一种冲击应力波检测*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223940A1
WO2018223940A1 PCT/CN2018/089865 CN2018089865W WO2018223940A1 WO 2018223940 A1 WO2018223940 A1 WO 2018223940A1 CN 2018089865 W CN2018089865 W CN 2018089865W WO 2018223940 A1 WO2018223940 A1 WO 2018223940A1
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Prior art keywords
impact
stress wave
frame body
connecting member
impact stress
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PCT/CN2018/089865
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张兴斌
张忠
房厦
赵冠乔
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中冶建筑研究总院有限公司
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Application filed by 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 filed Critical 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司
Priority to US16/620,020 priority Critical patent/US20200096481A1/en
Publication of WO2018223940A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223940A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • G01B17/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/46—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis or wavelet analysis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/646—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02854—Length, thickness

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of non-destructive testing technology, and in particular, to an impact stress wave detecting system.
  • Impact stress wave detection technology is an emerging technology in the field of non-destructive testing. It is characterized by simple operation, low energy consumption and wide application range. Impact stress wave detection technology has been widely used in the field of non-destructive testing of concrete and non-destructive testing of pile foundations.
  • the prior art impact stress wave detection method also has some defects.
  • the stress wave generated by the stress wave generation source has poor directivity, and the waveform obtained by the signal acquisition system is not accurate enough, so the accuracy of the final detection result is The accuracy is not high.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an impact stress wave detecting system, thereby effectively improving the accuracy and accuracy of defect detection.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an impact stress wave detecting system, which includes: an impact frame, an impact source, an elastic connecting member, one or more surface sensors, and an acquisition and analysis device;
  • the impact frame includes: a frame body and a support rod; the frame body is provided with a support rod through hole through which the support rod passes; the support rod is fixedly connected to the frame body through the support rod through hole; The bottom of the support rod abuts against the surface of the medium to be tested; the middle portion of the frame body is provided with an impact source impact space for the impact source and the elastic connecting member, and opposite sides of the inner wall of the frame body respectively Set with a fixture;
  • the impact source is provided with a through hole through which the elastic connecting member passes;
  • the middle portion of the elastic connecting member is fixedly connected to the impact source through the through hole; the two ends of the elastic connecting member are respectively connected with the fixing device of the inner wall of the frame body;
  • the surface sensor is disposed around the impact frame, one end of the surface sensor abuts a surface of the medium to be tested, and the other end of which is connected to the collection and analysis device; the surface sensor is used to connect with the elastic connector When the impact source hits the surface of the medium to be tested, the impact stress wave data is measured, and the measured impact stress wave data is sent to the collection and analysis device;
  • the collecting and analyzing device is configured to analyze the received impact stress wave data to obtain an analysis result.
  • the one end of the fixing device remote from the elastic connecting member passes through the frame body, and is fixedly connected to the frame body by an adjusting bolt; the adjusting bolt adjusts the connected elastic connecting member by moving in a horizontal direction. The degree of stress.
  • connection between the holder and the connecting member is provided with a hook structure for fixed connection with the connecting member.
  • the end of the end of the support rod connected to the frame body is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the frame body by a nut.
  • the collection and analysis device further includes: a collection box and an analyzer
  • the collecting box is configured to receive impact stress wave data from the surface sensor, and send the received impact stress wave data to the analyzer;
  • the analyzer is configured to display the received impact stress wave data through a time domain curve, and transform the time domain curve into a frequency domain curve by using a fast Fourier transform, and calculate a thickness and an impact stress wave of the medium to be tested. Wave speed; can also be used to receive parameters entered by the user.
  • the collection box is provided with a USB data acquisition card
  • the USB data acquisition card is connected to the surface sensor and connected to the analyzer through a USB interface for receiving impact stress wave data from the surface sensor, and transmitting the received impact stress wave data to the analyzer .
  • the surface sensor is an acceleration sensor or a displacement sensor.
  • the impact source is a steel ball, and the steel ball has a diameter of 2 to 10 mm;
  • the elastic connecting member is a rubber band.
  • the impact frame is made of stainless steel material.
  • the impact source since the impact source is disposed in the middle of the impact frame, and the impact source is connected to the impact frame through the elastic connecting member, when the impact stress wave detection is required, the impact source may be in the elastic connecting member.
  • the collection and analysis device can analyze according to the received impact stress wave, and obtain the analysis result, so that the specific position and size of the defect inside the medium can be detected, and the accuracy of the defect detection can be effectively improved. Accuracy can be widely applied to the detection of defects inside the medium.
  • the impact stress wave detecting system of the present invention has a simple structure, is simple and portable, and has good directivity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure and working principle of an impact stress wave detecting system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the impact frame in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the impact frame of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the impact stress wave detecting system in the embodiment of the present invention includes: an impact frame 11, an impact source 12, an elastic connecting member 13, one or more surface sensors 14, and an acquisition analyzing device 15;
  • the impact frame 11 includes: a frame body 111 and a support rod 112; the frame body 111 is provided with a support rod through hole 113 through which the support rod 112 passes; the support rod 112 passes through the support rod through hole 113 and The frame body 111 is fixedly connected; the bottom of the support rod 112 abuts against the surface of the medium to be tested 10; the middle portion of the frame body 111 is provided with an impact source ball for the impact source 12 and the elastic connecting member 13 to pass through.
  • the space 114, the opposite sides of the inner wall of the frame body 111 are respectively provided with a fixture 115;
  • the impact source 12 is provided with a through hole through which the elastic connecting member 13 passes;
  • the middle portion of the elastic connecting member 13 is fixedly connected to the impact source 12 through the through hole; the two ends of the elastic connecting member 13 are respectively connected with the fixing device 115 of the inner wall of the frame body 111;
  • the surface sensor 14 is disposed around the impact frame 11, one end of the surface sensor 14 abuts the surface of the medium to be tested 10, and the other end of which is connected to the collection and analysis device 15; the surface sensor 14 is used for When the impact source 12 connected to the elastic connecting member 13 hits the surface of the medium 10 to be tested, measuring the impact stress wave data, and transmitting the measured impact stress wave data to the collecting and analyzing device 15;
  • the collection and analysis device 15 is configured to analyze the received impact stress wave data to obtain an analysis result.
  • the impact source is disposed in the middle of the impact frame, and the impact source is connected to the impact frame through the elastic connecting member, when the impact stress wave detection is required, the impact wave can be pulled first.
  • the impact source is such that the impact source is away from the impact frame (for example, pulling the impact source upward and pulling to a predetermined height), and when pulled to a predetermined position, the impact source is released, so that the impact source is quickly hit by the elastic connecting member.
  • the surface of the medium is measured (instantaneous single contact) to create an impact stress wave inside the medium. Since the longitudinal wave propagates at the fastest speed, it will first reflect when it encounters the defect inside the medium.
  • the reflected wave After the reflected wave reaches the surface of the medium, it will be reflected again to the inside of the medium.
  • the stress wave will gradually attenuate after multiple reflections.
  • the surface sensor After receiving the repeatedly reflected wave, the surface sensor will form a periodic signal whose period is related to the depth of the defect. The greater the depth, the longer the period.
  • the collection and analysis device can analyze the received impact stress wave to obtain an analysis result, thereby detecting the specific position and size of the defect inside the medium. information.
  • the impact source may be a steel ball having a diameter of 2 to 10 millimeters (mm).
  • the elastic connecting member may be a rubber band or other elastic connecting members having elasticity.
  • one end of the holder 115 away from the elastic connecting member passes through the frame body 111, and is fixedly connected to the frame body 111 through an adjusting bolt 116;
  • the adjusting bolt 116 can adjust the degree of force of the connected elastic connecting member 13 by the movement in the horizontal direction (for example, the adjusting bolt can be rotated to adjust the tightness of the connected rubber band).
  • one end of the holder is fixedly connected to the adjusting bolt by welding or the like.
  • connection between the holder and the connecting member is provided with a hook structure for fixed connection with the connecting member, thereby facilitating connection with the elastic connecting member.
  • the end of one end of the support rod connected to the frame body is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the frame body by a nut. Therefore, after the support rod is passed through the through hole of the support rod, the threaded portions of the rod body on the upper and lower sides of the frame body can be respectively fixed by nuts. Therefore, when detecting different medium structures, the length of the support rod can be adjusted by rotating the nut, thereby conveniently adjusting the height of the entire impact frame.
  • the surface sensor may be an acceleration sensor or a displacement sensor with high sensitivity and high signal to noise ratio.
  • the collection and analysis device may further include: a collection box and an analyzer
  • the collecting box is configured to receive impact stress wave data from the surface sensor, and send the received impact stress wave data to the analyzer;
  • the analyzer is configured to display the received impact stress wave data through a time domain curve, and transform the time domain curve into a frequency domain curve by using a fast Fourier transform, and calculate a thickness and an impact stress wave of the medium to be tested. Wave speed; can also be used to receive parameters entered by the user.
  • a USB data acquisition card is disposed in the collection box, and the USB data acquisition card is connected to the surface sensor and connected to the analyzer through a USB interface.
  • the detection range of the above-mentioned impact stress wave detecting system may be 100 to 10000 mm (mm), and the defect of the internal depth of the medium to be tested is detected to be 100 to 10000 mm, and the reflected wave is formed.
  • the frequency range is 5 to 100 kHz, and the sampling frequency can be arbitrarily selected between 200 kHz (corresponding to a defect of 50 mm depth) and 10 kHz (corresponding to a defect of 1000 mm depth).
  • the highest sampling frequency may be preset to be not less than 400 kHz.
  • the impact frame may be made of a stainless steel material, or other metal materials having sufficient rigidity may be used, and the surface is rust-proofed.
  • the impact source is disposed in the middle of the impact frame, and the impact source is connected to the impact frame through the elastic connecting member, when the impact stress wave detection is required, the first Pulling the impact source to make the impact source away from the impact frame, when pulling to a predetermined position, releasing the impact source, so that the impact source rapidly hits the surface of the medium to be tested (instant single contact) under the driving of the elastic connecting member, in the medium
  • the internal impact stress wave is generated. When it encounters the defect inside the medium, it will reflect. When the reflected wave reaches the surface of the medium, it will be reflected again to the inside of the medium.
  • the stress wave will gradually decay after multiple reflections.
  • the surface sensor receives the above iteration.
  • the impact stress wave detecting system of the present invention has a simple structure, is simple and portable, and has good directivity.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种冲击应力波检测***。该***包括：冲击架、冲击源、弹性连接件、表面传感器和采集分析设备；冲击架包括：架体和支撑杆；支撑杆穿过支撑杆通孔与架体固定连接；架体的中部设置有冲击源弹击空间，架体的内壁设置有固定器；弹性连接件的中部穿过冲击源上的通孔与冲击源固定连接；弹性连接件的两端分别与架体的固定器连接；表面传感器设置在所述冲击架的周围，其一端与待测介质的表面抵接，其另一端与采集分析设备连，用于当冲击源撞击待测介质的表面时，测量冲击应力波数据，并发送给采集分析设备；采集分析设备，用于对接收到的冲击应力波数据进行分析，得到分析结果。应用本申请可以有效地提高缺陷检测的准确性和精确性。

Description

一种冲击应力波检测***
本申请要求于2017年06月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710417306.0、发明名称为“一种冲击应力波检测***”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无损检测技术领域，尤其涉及一种冲击应力波检测***。
技术背景
冲击应力波检测技术是无损检测领域一门新兴技术，其特点是操作简单，消耗的能量小，使用范围广。冲击应力波检测技术已经广泛应用在混凝土无损检测、桩基无损检测领域。
但是，现有技术中的冲击应力波检测方法还具有一些缺陷，例如，应力波发生源产生的应力波指向性不良，信号采集***得到的波形不够精确，因此其最终的检测结果的准确性和精确性不高。
技术内容
本申请实施例提供了一种冲击应力波检测***，从而可以有效地提高缺陷检测的准确性和精确性。
本申请实施例提供了一种冲击应力波检测***，该***包括：冲击架、冲击源、弹性连接件、一个或多个表面传感器和采集分析设备；
所述冲击架包括：架体和支撑杆；所述架体上设置有供支撑杆通过的支撑杆通孔；所述支撑杆穿过所述支撑杆通孔与所述架体固定连接；所述支撑杆的底部与待测介质的表面抵接；所述架体的中部设置有供所述冲击源和弹性连接件通过的冲击源弹击空间，所述架体的内壁的相对两侧分别设置有固定器；
所述冲击源上设置有供弹性连接件穿过的通孔；
所述弹性连接件的中部穿过所述通孔与所述冲击源固定连接；所述弹性连接件的两端分别与所述架体的内壁的固定器连接；
所述表面传感器设置在所述冲击架的周围，所述表面传感器一端与待测介质的表面抵接，其另一端与所述采集分析设备连接；所述表面传感器用于当与弹性连接件连接的冲击源撞击待测介质的表面时，测量冲击应力波数据，并将测量得到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述采集分析设备；
所述采集分析设备，用于对接收到的冲击应力波数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
其中，所述固定器上远离弹性连接件的一端穿过所述架体，通过调节螺栓与所述架体固定连接；所述调节螺栓通过在水平方向上的移动来调整所连接的弹性连接件的受力程度。
其中，所述固定器与所述连接件的连接处设置有用于与连接件固定连接的钩状结构。
其中，所述支撑杆与架体连接的一端的端部设置有螺纹，并通过螺母与架体固定连接。
其中，所述采集分析设备还进一步包括：采集箱和分析器；
所述采集箱，用于从所述表面传感器接收冲击应力波数据，并将接收到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述分析器；
所述分析器，用于将接收到的冲击应力波数据通过时域曲线显示出来，并通过快速傅里叶变换将时域曲线变换为频域曲线，计算得到待测介质的厚度及冲击应力波的波速；还可用于接收用户输入的参数。
其中，所述采集箱内设置有USB数据采集卡；
所述USB数据采集卡与所述表面传感器连接，并通过USB接口与分析器连接，用于从所述表面传感器接收冲击应力波数据，并将接收到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述分析器。
其中，所述表面传感器为加速度传感器或位移传感器。
其中，所述冲击源为钢球，所述钢球的直径为2～10毫米；
所述弹性连接件为皮筋。
其中，所述冲击架使用不锈钢材料制成。
在本申请实施例中，由于将冲击源设置在冲击架的中部，并且通过弹性连接件将冲击源与冲击架连接，因此，在需要进行冲击应力波检测时，冲击源可以在弹性连接件的带动下迅速撞击待测介质的表面(瞬时单次接触)，在介质内部产生冲击应力波，应力波在多次反射之后，将逐渐衰减，表面传感器将测量得到的冲击应力波发送给所述采集分析设备之后，采集分析设备即可根据接收到的冲击应力波进行分析，得到分析结果，从而可以检测到介质内部的缺陷的具***置、大小等信息，并且可以有效地提高缺陷检测的准确性和精确性，可以广泛地应用于对介质内部的缺陷的检测。而且，本发明中的冲击应力波检测***结构简单，简易便携，指向性好。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图 仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例中的冲击应力波检测***的整体结构及工作原理示意图。
图2为本申请实施例中的冲击架的俯视图。
图3为本申请实施例中的冲击架的侧视图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
图1为本发明实施例中的冲击应力波检测***的整体结构及工作原理示意图。图2为本发明实施例中的冲击架的俯视图。图3为本发明实施例中的冲击架的侧视图。如图1～图3所示，本发明实施例中的冲击应力波检测***包括：冲击架11、冲击源12、弹性连接件13、一个或多个表面传感器14和采集分析设备15；
所述冲击架11包括：架体111和支撑杆112；所述架体111上设置有供支撑杆112通过的支撑杆通孔113；所述支撑杆112穿过所述支撑杆通孔113与所述架体111固定连接；所述支撑杆112的底部与待测介质10的表面抵接；所述架体111的中部设置有供所述冲击源12和弹性连接件13通过的冲击源弹击空间114，所述架体111的内壁的相对两侧分别设置有固定器115；
所述冲击源12上设置有供弹性连接件13穿过的通孔；
所述弹性连接件13的中部穿过所述通孔与所述冲击源12固定连接；所述弹性连接件13的两端分别与所述架体111的内壁的固定器115连接；
所述表面传感器14设置在所述冲击架11的周围，所述表面传感器14一端与待测介质10的表面抵接，其另一端与所述采集分析设备15连接；所述表面传感器14用于当与弹性连接件13连接的冲击源12撞击待测介质10的表面时，测量冲击应力波数据，并将测量得到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述采集分析设备15；
所述采集分析设备15，用于对接收到的冲击应力波数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
在本发明的上述冲击应力波检测***中，由于将冲击源设置在冲击架的中部，并且通过弹性连接件将冲击源与冲击架连接，因此，在需要进行冲击应力波检测时，可以先拉动冲击源，使得冲击源远离冲击架(例如，向上拉动冲击源，并拉动到预定高度)，当拉动到某一预定位置时，释放冲击源，使得冲击源在弹性连接件的带动下迅速撞击待测介质的表面(瞬时单次接触)，从而在介质内部产生冲击应力波。 由于纵波的传播速度最快，遇到介质内部的缺陷时会首先发生反射，反射波到达介质表面后将再次向介质内部方向反射，应力波在多次反射之后，将逐渐衰减。表面传感器在接收到这种反复反射的波后，将形成一个周期信号，该周期信号的周期与缺陷的深度有关，深度越大周期越长。表面传感器测量得到的冲击应力波发送给所述采集分析设备之后，采集分析设备即可根据接收到的冲击应力波进行分析，得到分析结果，从而可以检测到介质内部的缺陷的具***置、大小等信息。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述冲击源可以是钢球，所述钢球的直径为2～10毫米(mm)。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述弹性连接件可以是皮筋，也可以是其它具有弹性的弹性连接件。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述固定器115上远离弹性连接件的一端穿过所述架体111，通过调节螺栓116与所述架体111固定连接；所述调节螺栓116可通过在水平方向上的移动来调整所连接的弹性连接件13的受力程度(例如，可以转动该调节螺栓，以调节所连接的皮筋的紧绷程度)。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述固定器的一端通过焊接等方式与所述调节螺栓固定连接。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述固定器与所述连接件的连接处设置有用于与连接件固定连接的钩状结构，从而便于与所述弹性连接件连接。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述支撑杆与架体连接的一端的端部设置有螺纹，并通过螺母与架体固定连接。因此，在将支撑杆穿过支撑杆通孔之后，可以在杆***于架体上下侧的螺纹部分分别用螺母进行固定。因此使得在对不同的介质结构进行检测时，可通过旋转上述螺母的方式来调整支撑杆伸出的长度，从而方便地调整整个冲击架的高度。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述表面传感器可以是灵敏度高、信噪比高的加速度传感器或位移传感器。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述采集分析设备还可以进一步包括：采集箱和分析器；
所述采集箱，用于从所述表面传感器接收冲击应力波数据，并将接收到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述分析器；
所述分析器，用于将接收到的冲击应力波数据通过时域曲线显示出来，并通过快速傅里叶变换将时域曲线变换为频域曲线，计算得到待测介质的厚度及冲击应力波的波速；还可用于接收用户输入的参数。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述采集箱内设置有USB数据采集卡，所述USB数据采集卡与所述表面传感器连接，并通过USB接口与分析器连接，用于从所述表面传感器接收冲击应力波数据，并将接收到的冲击应力波数据发 送给所述分析器。
在本发明的技术方案中，上述的冲击应力波检测***的检测范围可以为100～10000毫米(mm)，即可检测到待测介质内部深度为100～10000mm的缺陷，所形成的反射波的频率范围为5～100kHz，采样频率可以在200kHz(对应于50mm深的缺陷)和10kHz(对应于1000mm深的缺陷)之间任意选择。另外，较佳的，在本发明的技术方案中，为了使采集到的数字信号平滑，还可以预先设定最高采样频率不低于400kHz。
另外，较佳的，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，所述冲击架可以使用不锈钢材料制成，也可以使用其它的具有足够刚度的金属材料，并做表面防锈蚀处理。
综上所述，在本发明的技术方案中，由于将冲击源设置在冲击架的中部，并且通过弹性连接件将冲击源与冲击架连接，因此，在需要进行冲击应力波检测时，可以先拉动冲击源，使得冲击源远离冲击架，当拉动到某一预定位置时，释放冲击源，使得冲击源在弹性连接件的带动下迅速撞击待测介质的表面(瞬时单次接触)，在介质内部产生冲击应力波，遇到介质内部的缺陷时会发生反射，反射波到达介质表面后将再次向介质内部方向反射，应力波在多次反射之后，将逐渐衰减；表面传感器在接收到上述反复反射的波后，将形成一个周期信号，该周期信号的周期与缺陷的深度有关，深度越大周期越长。表面传感器将测量得到的冲击应力波发送给所述采集分析设备之后，采集分析设备即可根据接收到的冲击应力波进行分析，得到分析结果，从而可以检测到介质内部的缺陷的具***置、大小等信息，并且可以有效地提高缺陷检测的准确性和精确性，可以广泛地应用于对介质内部的缺陷的检测。而且，本发明中的冲击应力波检测***结构简单，简易便携，指向性好。
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种冲击应力波检测***，其特征在于，该***包括：冲击架、冲击源、弹性连接件、一个或多个表面传感器和采集分析设备；
    所述冲击架包括：架体和支撑杆；所述架体上设置有供支撑杆通过的支撑杆通孔；所述支撑杆穿过所述支撑杆通孔与所述架体固定连接；所述支撑杆的底部与待测介质的表面抵接；所述架体的中部设置有供所述冲击源和弹性连接件通过的冲击源弹击空间，所述架体的内壁的相对两侧分别设置有固定器；
    所述冲击源上设置有供弹性连接件穿过的通孔；
    所述弹性连接件的中部穿过所述通孔与所述冲击源固定连接；所述弹性连接件的两端分别与所述架体的内壁的固定器连接；
    所述表面传感器设置在所述冲击架的周围，所述表面传感器一端与待测介质的表面抵接，其另一端与所述采集分析设备连接；所述表面传感器用于当与弹性连接件连接的冲击源撞击待测介质的表面时，测量冲击应力波数据，并将测量得到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述采集分析设备；
    所述采集分析设备，用于对接收到的冲击应力波数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于：
    所述固定器上远离弹性连接件的一端穿过所述架体，通过调节螺栓与所述架体固定连接；所述调节螺栓通过在水平方向上的移动来调整所连接的弹性连接件的受力程度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的***，其特征在于：
    所述固定器与所述连接件的连接处设置有用于与连接件固定连接的钩状结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于：
    所述支撑杆与架体连接的一端的端部设置有螺纹，并通过螺母与架体固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于，所述采集分析设备还进一步包括：采集箱和分析器；
    所述采集箱，用于从所述表面传感器接收冲击应力波数据，并将接收到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述分析器；
    所述分析器，用于将接收到的冲击应力波数据通过时域曲线显示出来，并通过快速傅里叶变换将时域曲线变换为频域曲线，计算得到待测介质的厚度及冲击应力波的波速；还可用于接收用户输入的参数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的***，其特征在于：
    所述采集箱内设置有USB数据采集卡；
    所述USB数据采集卡与所述表面传感器连接，并通过USB接口与分析器连接，用于从所述表面传感器接收冲击应力波数据，并将接收到的冲击应力波数据发送给所述分析器。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于：
    所述表面传感器为加速度传感器或位移传感器。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于：
    所述冲击源为钢球，所述钢球的直径为2～10毫米；
    所述弹性连接件为皮筋。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的***，其特征在于：
    所述冲击架使用不锈钢材料制成。
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