WO2018210199A1 - Structure flottante de grande taille très sûre - Google Patents

Structure flottante de grande taille très sûre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018210199A1
WO2018210199A1 PCT/CN2018/086627 CN2018086627W WO2018210199A1 WO 2018210199 A1 WO2018210199 A1 WO 2018210199A1 CN 2018086627 W CN2018086627 W CN 2018086627W WO 2018210199 A1 WO2018210199 A1 WO 2018210199A1
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floating
safety
floating structure
water
floating body
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PCT/CN2018/086627
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
袁晓纪
王士朝
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唐山航岛海洋重工有限公司
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Publication of WO2018210199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018210199A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floating structure on water, in particular to a new type of high-safety large floating floating structure which is not disintegrated and does not collapse.
  • the so-called high-safety large floating floating structure means higher safety than conventional ships and offshore platforms, and provides greater equipment carrying capacity under the premise of ensuring the structure of the floating structure and the safety of its personnel.
  • Floating structures with a large number of personnel, a large amount of materials storage and a larger working space such as an integrated marine support base, a remote development community, a marine tourism and entertainment platform, and a marine industrial center.
  • Marine safety can be generally divided into the following two types or systems: 1.
  • the structural safety of offshore structures, and structural safety refers to the ability of structural structures to remain intact and strong under various external forces, with a focus on structural strength and resistance. Fatigue, anti-sinking and stability; 2, the safety of life at sea, for the purpose of ensuring the safety of personnel, focusing on subdivision, stability, mechanical and electrical equipment, fire prevention, escape and life-saving and wireless communications.
  • the two most important issues that need to be addressed in a high-safety large floating structure are: “The safety of the floating structure itself (Structural strength, stability, etc.) and the safety of the people on the floating structure of the water ( The minimum survival guarantee for life safety of personnel and escape measures, etc.). It is expected that through the advancement and development of technology, a reliable safety forecast for large floating structures can be realized. Under the conditions of the most unfavorable sea conditions foreseeable and the most unfavorable collisions, recorded reefs, stranding, abnormal displacement of goods, etc., the structure itself and its personnel can ensure safety and provide the current large floating structure of water. High security that cannot be guaranteed.
  • one of the large floating structures that can be stabilized in the marine environment and survive in the storm is a concentrated drainage type ship. It adopts a common large waterline structure, its buoyancy is provided by concentrated empty cabins, and subdivision measures are required for anti-sinking, but since most empty cabins are also "functional compartments", the subdivisions cannot be too dense. Its main scale design is mainly considered for load and navigation. For large ships, the width is usually no more than 50 meters. In the marine environment, the maximum wave height that may occur is about 30 meters, and the corresponding maximum wavelength is about 500 to 600 meters (T ⁇ 20s), and the maximum wave steepness that may occur is about 1/7.
  • the maximum width is about 50 meters
  • the depth is about 60 meters
  • the center of gravity is about 35 meters.
  • Ships may also collide, hit the rocks, strand, and cargo displacement, causing the ship to tip over or sink, often threatening the lives of the people on board.
  • the "Costa Concorde” cruise ship was overturned in Italy due to a reef, killing 32 people.
  • the Egyptian "Al-Salem Bocacio 98" passenger ship sank in the Red Sea, killing 190 people and missing nearly 800 people.
  • Senegal’s “Cola” overturned, killing more than 700 people.
  • the existing large floating floating structure also has a semi-submersible platform, also known as a column-stabilized platform.
  • a semi-submersible platform also known as a column-stabilized platform.
  • Americans’ invention patents on offshore floating bases in China are published as CN1269759A. It only enlarges the commonly used offshore oil semi-submersible platform structure. Since the lower floating body of the semi-submersible structure is located in water below a certain depth from the horizontal plane, the floating body with a small water line surface (because the heave natural period of the small water line surface floating body is larger than the peak period of the ocean wave, it is difficult to resonate with each other, Therefore, it has better wave resistance and attitude stability.
  • the column is extended upward to be coupled with the working surface.
  • the working surface is located above the height of the maximum wave height of the adapted water, so that the entire structure of the platform from the floating body to the working surface is large, bulky and cumbersome, and the construction and use cost is high. At the same time, the draft is very deep and the wet surface ratio is very high. Big. Not suitable for use in shallow waters.
  • the principle of stabilizing the column determines that the draught and attitude are very sensitive to the change of the load. The small load disturbance will cause the platform to oscillate obviously, and the small load change will cause the platform to rise or fall obviously.
  • ballast tanks are indispensable for semi-submersible platforms, whose ballast tank capacity is much larger than the maximum variable working load
  • ballast devices and corresponding control systems The integrity and normal operation have a fatal impact on the security of the platform.
  • This structure is feasible in the petroleum industry below 130 meters. When used for large floating structures with a scale of several hundred meters, its efficiency and reliability are difficult to predict.
  • This scheme has not been put into engineering implementation so far.
  • the state of gravity of the floating body floating on the semi-submersible platform is very high, and the stability requirement in high sea conditions is difficult to meet, and it is only suitable for the transfer operation under low sea conditions.
  • the overall structural form of the semi-submersible platform is composed of a lower floating body, a middle vertical column and an upper structure compartment.
  • the lower floating body is generally provided with two
  • the vertical column is generally provided with four or six, and at most eight are arranged.
  • the first is the use of ordinary centralized drainage type large water line surface structure, such as large ships, the problem is that there are potential safety hazards such as overturning and sinking.
  • the second is to use a distributed drainage type small water line surface structure, such as a semi-submersible platform, the problem is self-important, more complicated structure and operation, higher cost, and poor safety in terms of anti-collision and damage stability.
  • the third is to use the distributed drainage type truss type platform to solve the problem of reducing the wave load to realize the "large size" of the floating structure, but it does not solve the problem of overturning under extreme accident conditions (collision, striking, stranding, etc.).
  • Another primary object of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the above-discussed deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a high security large floating floating structure.
  • the operation and control of the floating structure is relatively simple, and the human factors cause fewer safety hazards of accidents, and even if the related accidents occur, it will not cause catastrophic consequences that threaten the safety of all personnel.
  • Another primary object of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the above-discussed deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a high security large floating floating structure. Even in the event of the foreseeable worst-case sea conditions and the most unfavorable collisions, recorded reefs, stranding, abnormal displacement of the cargo, etc., the personnel carried can also rely on the floating structure itself. It is still able to effectively continue to provide its personnel with a safer survival guarantee than abandoning the ship.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a high-safety large floating floating structure, comprising a lower floating body structure, an upper structure and an intermediate connecting structure; the lower floating body structure comprises five or more single floating bodies, each floating body being separated by a certain distance;
  • the lower floating body is in the form of a large waterline area, and at least part of the outer floating body adopts a solid-like floating cabin; the sum of the drainage volumes of the solid-core floating cabin is greater than the equal volume of the full weight of the floating structure when fully loaded;
  • the upper structure is a frame structure or a box structure;
  • the intermediate connection structure is spatially dispersed, including a structure that intersects with a horizontal plane and provides a safe restoring force; the intermediate connection structure and the upper structure and the lower floating body structure are mutually
  • the connection is integrated; the minimum distribution dimension of the outer contour of the lower floating body structure in the horizontal direction is equal to or greater than 4 times the height of the static water surface of the high-safe large-scale large floating structure of water.
  • the outer contour dimension of the lower floating body structure is greater than 140 meters in at least one direction.
  • any one of the lower floating structures has a section height dimension that is less than 1/2 of a maximum wave height dimension of the applicable water area.
  • the solid-core floating cabin adopts an internal high-density subdivision floating tank structure, and/or the solid-core floating tank is filled with a light water-blocking material or assembled with a removable light water-blocking water. material.
  • the ratio of the waterline area of the floating body in the outer contour of the lower floating structure to the area of the outer contour of the floating structure is not more than 0.7 in the fully loaded draft state.
  • the structure of the floating structure spans four or more spans in any direction in the horizontal direction.
  • the respective members and/or members constituting the intermediate connection structure have connecting members and/or connecting members disposed horizontally.
  • the outer member of the intermediate connection structure adopts a solid core floating structure.
  • the floating structure of the water is mounted with a driving device and a direction control device.
  • the floating structure as a whole is a statically indeterminate combined spatial structure composed of a plurality of statically indeterminate units.
  • the floating structure is at least four consecutive combinations of ultra-quiet spatial structural units in any direction.
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure proposed by the invention is beneficial for reducing the wave load response in extreme sea conditions, and is beneficial to exerting the contribution and utility of the material to the overall strength, so that the main scale of the platform can still be guaranteed when it is large.
  • the structure has sufficient overall strength redundancy.
  • the invention defines that the height dimension of the section of any one of the lower floating body structures is less than 1/2 of the maximum wave height dimension of the applicable water area, and therefore, the sectional size of the single floating body is small.
  • each floating body in the floating body structure is spaced apart by a certain distance. Therefore, each floating body is dispersedly arranged in the space, and the floating body in a dispersed arrangement creates a condition of fluid motion and energy release for the wave to wrap around the floating body, and ensures that the wave is in the floating body.
  • the flow is smooth to reduce the damaging load of the huge waves on the floating body.
  • the wave load of the high-safety large floating structure of the present invention will be greatly reduced compared with the ship structure, so that the structural design meets the same specification criteria. Under the condition of the ship, it has higher overall structural safety than the ship's cabinet structure.
  • the high-safety large floating structure of the present invention has a higher structural safety reserve.
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure proposed by the present invention is a statically indeterminate combined space structure, which can ensure the most unfavorable sea conditions in the foreseeable occurrence and the most unfavorable collisions, the reefing, the stranding, and the abnormal movement of goods. Under the accident conditions, even if the local structure is damaged, the overall structure still has the certainty that the overall structure does not disintegrate.
  • the floating floating structure of the present invention as a whole is a statically indeterminate combined space structure.
  • the overall structure is composed of an upper box structure, an intermediate connection structure and a lower floating body structure.
  • the structure of the floating structure is defined as a whole across four or more spans in any horizontal direction, where one span refers to the distance between two adjacent floating bodies and two adjacent intermediate connections.
  • the distance between the structures. Therefore, the floating structure on the water is at least composed of five floating bodies, 25 uprights, and a monolithic structure in which the space is continuous in the upper tank structure (hyperstatic unit).
  • two lower floating bodies, four columns and corresponding upper part of the box structure (which can be analogized to a semi-submersible platform) can form a closed hyperstatic spatial structural unit.
  • the floating structure of the present invention has at least four consecutive combinations of ultra-quiet spatial structural units in any direction.
  • the floating structure of the present invention is at least 16 statically indeterminate spatial structural units.
  • the combined structure, part of the unit damage caused by accidents such as collisions and reefs (local structural failure) will not pose a threat to the overall structural safety. Therefore, the structure as a whole has a large accident safety redundancy in terms of resistance to disintegration.
  • the invention can be reasonably analyzed by retrieving the statistical data of various sea conditions and accidents, and predicts the extreme load of the bad sea state and the destructive extreme value of various recorded accident forms, because the recorded samples of the modern shipwreck accident are Enough and representative, it is credible to analyze the accident shape and extremum, and it can be done by technicians in the industry. In this way, it is possible to provide a basis for the design of the overall structure of the platform, thereby ensuring that the present invention does not suffer from continuous destruction of a plurality of local units under extreme conditions, thereby ensuring that the floating structure of the present invention has a deterministic overall structure under the above conditions. Non-disintegrating safety performance.
  • the ship and the offshore platform define key components, important components, secondary components, and the like according to the importance degree of the components and the state of the force, and the importance of each of the stressed components of the present invention is substantially equivalent, and They can support each other without the risk of successive failures and overall collapse of the relevant structures due to failure of the "soft rib" components.
  • the submarine of the semi-submersible platform floating body is limited.
  • the floating body or the column When the floating body or the column is damaged, the floating cabin will be damaged and a large amount of water will enter. At this time, if the inflow water flow is greater than the emergency drainage
  • the discharge capacity of the system will inevitably lead to a series of chain reactions such as changes in the overall floating state of the platform and the deterioration of the stress of the structure. Eventually, it will lead to catastrophic consequences of tilting, breaking or even sinking.
  • the high-safety large floating structure of the floating structure of the floating body of the present invention has a small scale and a dispersed arrangement, and has the characteristics of a large waterline area shape, and the change of no-load and full-load draught is small, and the stability is affected. Small enough to be ignored.
  • the invention defines that the height dimension of the section of any one floating body is less than 1/2 of the size of the maximum wave height, and the floating bodies in the lower floating body structure are separated by a certain distance, and the sum of the drainage volumes of the solid core floating cabin is larger than the full weight of the floating structure when fully loaded.
  • the equal volume of water while being limited to the full load draught state, the ratio of the waterline area of the floating body in the outer contour of the lower floating body structure to the area of the outer contour of the floating body structure is not more than 70%.
  • the maximum recorded wave height is about 30 meters, and the maximum height of a single floating body is less than about 15 meters. Therefore, the size of the floating body is small.
  • the drainage volume of the solid-core floating cabin is larger than the volume of the water of the full weight of the floating structure. Therefore, the still water line of the floating structure must be within the height range of the floating body, so that the overall draught of the floating structure is shallow. And the floating water line of the floating body is also small to the top of the floating body.
  • the size of a single floating body is small, and the volume of each floating body is small. Therefore, the floating body should have a certain length and quantity to have a certain total volume. If the floating bodies are together without any gap, it is a "bamboo row".
  • the type of flat box floating body structure combined with the bearing capacity requirements, the flat floating body structure must have an extra large waterline area, and its waterline area will be much larger than conventional ships and marine floating platforms.
  • the super-large waterline area is generally accompanied by an oversized response to the wave load, and the present invention subtly achieves an oversized waterline area and a small wave load response by multiple floating body dispersion arrangements.
  • the waterline area here refers to the section formed by the intersection of the horizontal plane at the waterline and the floating body, and the waterline referred to is the still waterline.
  • the present invention From the ratio of total displacement to total waterline area, the present invention has a large waterline area and waterline area distribution. If the conventional ship is a large waterline structure with respect to a semi-submersible platform of a small waterline, the floating structure of the present invention is a "super large waterline area" structure with respect to a conventional ship.
  • the flat structure has the characteristics of low center of gravity and high stability.
  • the GM value of the present invention can be more than two orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional platforms and ships, and the stability problem is no longer a key factor in overall safety.
  • the heave period of the present invention is much smaller than the peak period of the maximum wave, about 5 seconds, in addition to the excellent wave stability in the large waves, the floating state changes for various loads such as The load capacity is greatly increased and decreased, the position of the weight is moved, and the external push and pull is also extremely insensitive, with a unique "rocking resistance".
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure proposed by the present invention can realize reliable non-sinking characteristics.
  • the invention selects that at least part of the outer floating tank in the lower floating structure adopts a solid-like floating cabin, and the sum of the drainage volumes is greater than the equal volume of water of the full weight of the floating structure when full, so no matter what part of the structure is affected Damage, as long as the overall structure of the floating structure does not disintegrate, it is possible to ensure that the overall structure cannot be sunk.
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure proposed by the present invention has an ultra-flat shape as a whole, and has a great stability height, which can ensure the most unfavorable collisions and the most unfavorable collisions and reefs in the foreseeable sea conditions. Under the conditions of accidents such as stranding and abnormal displacement of goods, the overall situation is not overturned, which provides the basic conditions for ensuring the safety of personnel.
  • the minimum distribution size of the outer contour of the lower floating body structure in the horizontal direction is equal to or greater than 4 times the height of the static water surface when the floating structure of the floating structure is idling.
  • the floating structure of the water is generally in an ultra-flat shape, and the floating structure of the present invention is provided by proposing a minimum distribution scale in the horizontal direction and a multiple of the distance from the center of the structure to the still water draft line, and at the same time requiring the water level of the lower floating body to be dispersedly distributed.
  • the large restoring force and the restoring torque make the overall structure extremely stable (2 to 3 orders of magnitude larger than the industry standard) and the great restoring arm, which can still achieve non-overturning under extreme conditions.
  • the lower floating structure of the floating structure of the water adopts a plurality of floating bodies with small scales, and the combined action can provide sufficient drainage volume and large waterline area, and has a very large water line area moment of inertia, which is stable.
  • the radius of the sex is very large, the stability is very high, and the initial stability is very high. Under no-load and full-load conditions, the draught changes little, and the impact on stability can be neglected. Therefore, it is not necessary to configure a large-capacity ballast tank. .
  • the floating structure of the water floating structure has a very large draft ratio, and has a very large restoring arm at a small angle of heel; since the intermediate structure and the upper structure have a large reserve buoyancy, the large-scale recovery is also large at a large angle.
  • the wind pressure arm of the floating structure of the water is relatively small with respect to the restoring arm, and the roll angle is also small; various intact stability and damage stability indexes are far greater than the standard value, and the limit allowable center of gravity The height value is very large.
  • At least part of the outer floating body in the lower floating body structure is defined as a solid-like floating body, and therefore, the most unfavorable sea conditions encountered in the foreseeable occurrence and the most unfavorable collision, the reefing, the stranding, the abnormal displacement of the cargo, etc. Under the accident conditions, it can still guarantee that the damage stability is equal to the complete stability.
  • the floating structure of the water is generally in an ultra-flat shape, with the center of gravity of the floating structure as the upper apex, and the outer contour of the still water line of the lower floating structure is the lower bottom surface, forming a stable irregular space cone, the space cone and the horizontal plane
  • the maximum angle is 27 degrees, which is equivalent to defining a floating chassis with a large chassis with a lower center of gravity.
  • the maximum wave steepness is 1/7
  • the corresponding wave inclination angle is 16 degrees.
  • the floating structure is placed laterally on the wave surface of the wave, and the floating structure can still ensure the wind tilting moment. Does not overturn under the action of wave load.
  • the intermediate connection structure defining the floating structure of the water in the invention provides the reserve buoyancy when entering the water, ensuring the continuity of the upward distribution of the buoyancy providing structure, and restoring the force arm in the event of an unexpected large inclination angle (all or part of the floating body of one side is in the water) Still positive.
  • the floating structure on the water can still have sufficient stability and safety redundancy to maintain reliable anti-overturning capability.
  • the damage stability is basically the same as the complete stability. Therefore, the present invention provides a novel and unique foundation for ensuring the safety of personnel on the same. Safety conditions.
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure proposed by the present invention can have a considerable overall scale and working space, and has high wave stability, and provides relatively loose safety conditions for the function and overall layout design of the facility.
  • the invention defines that the outer contour dimension of the lower floating body structure is greater than 140 meters in at least one direction.
  • the water floating structure has a total length of 400 meters, a depth of about 40 meters, a center of gravity of about 15 meters at no load, and a total width of 120 meters. Its deck area is approximately 48,000 square meters.
  • a 400-meter-long cargo ship has a width of up to about 35 meters and a deck area of about 14,000 square meters.
  • the working space of the floating structure of the present invention is enormous, and the overall arrangement of functions is very easy to realize the arrangement in the horizontal direction without the need for a multi-layer arrangement in the vertical direction due to the narrowness of the site, relative to the multilayer. In terms of layout, it is more conducive to the isolation design and evacuation arrangements of personnel in the event of a fire accident.
  • the wavelength length corresponding to the wave peak period is less than about 100 meters
  • the swing amplitude of the floating structure is mainly related to the ratio of the wavelength and the total length of the floating structure, in order to keep the platform in each
  • the direction has better wave stability, especially the wave motion response of the platform in the working sea state.
  • the water floating structure is limited to at least 140 meters in one direction.
  • the floating structure is stable under the working environment and has good wave resistance. .
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure proposed by the invention has better navigation performance and adjustable steering capability.
  • the floating structure is limited to the installation of the driving device and the direction control device, and since the draught is very shallow, if the floating body adopts an elongated strip shape, the resistance is relatively small, and the speed is easily realized not less than 6 knots under large-scale conditions.
  • a plurality of full-turn propellers can be arranged in the crotch portion and the crotch portion of each floating body of the lower floating body structure.
  • the propellers have a certain distance before and after and can be rotated in all directions, and can be followed by generating omnidirectional thrust. A large deflection torque is generated as needed.
  • the platform can have good omnidirectional sailing performance and strong steering control force, and can effectively avoid the typhoon by escaping in advance.
  • the angle of encounter between the platform and the wave can also be effectively adjusted according to the need to change the wave load.
  • the main scale of each direction of the platform is very large, and it will automatically deflect to the transverse wave direction in the storm.
  • the floating structure on the water has a variety of beneficial high-security features to solve the basic problems of exploring and developing the marine world.
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure of the present invention adopts a combination of a lower floating body structure, an upper structure and an intermediate connecting structure to form an overall ultra-flat ultra-quiet combined space structure, and the outer part floating body in the lower floating body structure adopts a class.
  • the solid core floating body, the sum of the drainage volumes of the above-mentioned solid-core floating body is larger than the equal volume of water of the full weight of the floating structure, and the lower floating body structure is dispersedly arranged and is an ultra-large waterline area structure.
  • the above technical measures are organically combined and combined, so that the high-safety large floating floating structure of the present invention has small response to wave load, small motion response, good wave resistance and load capacity.
  • the stability of the floating structure on the water is excellent, which can greatly simplify the stability calculation and check, reduce the design workload, is not sensitive to sea conditions and job load changes, and greatly simplifies the setting to ensure the stability of the structure.
  • Complex loading and ballast requirements no need to set up large-capacity ballast tanks and complex ballast operations due to stability problems, while large-capacity ballast tanks are closely related to safety, when large-capacity ballast tanks exceed specifications In the event of a damage, it may cause overturning and sinking. If the empty compartment of the ship is closed into a solid core, the ship cannot be ballasted when it is empty, and the draft is too shallow to ensure stability.
  • the semi-submersible platform such as the lower floating body and the column empty compartment, is closed into a solid core. It will also be unable to be ballasted, and it will not be able to achieve the transition of semi-submersible and non-semi-submersible conditions. (Semi-submersible state is not migrating, non-semi-submersible state is not operational). Therefore, ship and semi-submersible platforms must be equipped with ballast tanks if they are to perform their functions.
  • the overall safety of the high-safety large floating floating structure of the present invention is determined, and the structural failure mode is substantially different from that of the ship and the semi-submersible platform.
  • the structural failure mode is substantially different from that of the ship and the semi-submersible platform.
  • the structure Under the most unfavorable sea conditions foreseeable and the most unfavorable collisions, recorded reefs, stranding, abnormal displacement of goods, etc., the structure may be partially damaged, but it will not cause subsequent worse conditions.
  • the overall fracture and disintegration of the floating structure is eliminated.
  • the personnel can still rely on the huge safe space provided by the structure itself and a relatively large amount of resources to maintain the survival of more people, waiting for rescue, greatly avoiding the disappearance of personnel that may occur during the escape and rescue process and after abandoning the ship. And the life-threatening life caused by the limited life-saving time, thus providing the most basic and reliable guarantee for the safety of the people on their lives.
  • the invention adopts the ultra-flat ultra-quiet combination space structure, the solid-like floating body, the intermediate connection structure which provides the safety recovery force, the lower floating body structure of the super large waterline area form, and the like, and realizes the “The ability to resist overturning and anti-sinking under the most unfavorable sea conditions and the most unfavorable collisions, reefing, stranding, abnormal displacement of goods, etc.” achieved the ability to resist overturning and sinking.
  • the change from probabilistic to “deterministic”, for the most basic safety regulations of ships and offshore platforms, especially human life safety norms can be adjusted, simplified and exempted by reference to terrestrial-related norms, for human marine activities. It can revolutionize.
  • the high-safety large floating structure of the water in the invention has high safety itself, and no matter what kind of function is used, even if the operation error of human factors occurs, the catastrophic consequences of causing casualties are not caused. Therefore, the impact of operational errors on the overall safety of the floating structure on the water can be greatly reduced, and the management system and operating procedures of the floating structure on the water can be effectively simplified. By improving the safety of the floating structure on the water, it is in exchange for great convenience in terms of market access, use, management and operation.
  • the upper structure of the floating structure of the water can be realized in two ways: a space frame structure and a box (conventional plate and shell) structure.
  • a space frame structure and a box (conventional plate and shell) structure.
  • the use of the space frame structure makes the superstructure design more flexible.
  • the frame structure refers to the structure in which the beam and the column are connected to each other in a rigid joint manner to form a load-bearing system, that is, the space frame composed of the beam and the column together resist various loads occurring during use.
  • the beam-column structure of the superstructure may be in the form of any beam-column structure that meets the structural safety rating requirements.
  • a plurality of vertical or lateral truss support structures can be utilized to form an upper structure while separating a plurality of functional compartments.
  • the structural design freedom (or flexibility) of the upper structure will be greatly increased compared with the traditional ship and water floating structure design, and the upper functional compartment can be designed and arranged.
  • the remodelable space of the superstructure will be greatly increased.
  • the main bearing structures are beams, columns and other supports (possibly not), and the remaining components (deck, partition between working compartments, upper and lower roofs of the working compartment, etc.) can be designed.
  • the non-main bearing structure it only bears the local functional load and does not participate in the overall structural force of the floating structure.
  • the non-main bearing structure of the floating structure on the water can be arbitrarily changed without affecting the overall structural stress under the premise of satisfying the local functional load; the non-main bearing structure can also be considered to be greatly reduced by using non-metallic materials.
  • the cost of corrosion protection; non-primary load-bearing structures can also be considered to be attached to the main bearing structure by means of assembly (non-welding).
  • the floating structure of the floating structure of the floating structure adopts a small-scale floating body which is dispersedly arranged, so that there is an excessive large waterline area and an excessive initial stability (GM) value, and the air and full load draught changes little, and it is not necessary to configure a large-capacity ballast tank.
  • GM initial stability
  • the floating structure of the water in the invention has high safety, "stability" and “wave resistance”, and is insensitive to various load changes, and has unique rigidity and anti-sway capability.
  • the versatility of the floating structure with respect to different use functions can be greatly improved, which is different from the characteristics of the prior art that the ship is severely restricted and used.
  • large vessels may be allowed to berth directly with the platform of the present invention in unshielded waters.
  • the overall structure of the floating structure of the water is a hollow structure in the middle, and the space of the intermediate connection structure above the waterline has a small duty ratio, and the difference in the air flow field between the upper and lower decks is small, and the airflow on the floating structure deck can be reduced.
  • the variation of the flow field provides a safer and stable air flow field condition for various types of aircraft takeoff and landing than conventional box type floating bodies (ships).
  • the floating structure of the water has an upper surface space of an extra large area and an upper working compartment of an extra large volume, and at the same time, an extra large volume of available space is provided between the upper structure and the lower floating body, and an operation area of a large area near the water surface is provided. Therefore, it is convenient to realize various operation functions such as mounting and hanging.
  • the overall functional arrangement can be arranged along the plane, and there are personnel-intensive applications on the floating structure on the water. Compared with the vertical arrangement of multiple floors, it is more conducive to the isolation design and personnel of fire accidents. Evacuation arrangements.
  • the solid floating body of the floating structure of the water can be removably filled, so that structural repair and regular maintenance are simple and easy.
  • the high-safety large floating structure of the present invention is characterized by high stability, high safety, the most unfavorable sea conditions encountered in the foreseeable and the most unfavorable collisions, recorded reefs, stranding, and abnormal movement of goods. Under the conditions of accidents, it can achieve the effects of no large swing, no disintegration, no overturning, and no sinking; great versatility, the overall structure is less dependent on the use function, and the upper structure adopts the space frame form to greatly improve the design. Flexibility; good usability, relaxed requirements for the overall quality of the operators and the overall operational management of the structure; at the same time, the scale is large, the draft is shallow, the wave resistance is good, and the large working area and large working space are available.
  • “High security” refers to the large-scale floating structure of the water. Under the conditions of the most unfavorable sea conditions foreseeable and the most unfavorable collisions, recorded reefs, stranding, abnormal displacement of goods, etc., the deterministic structure does not disintegrate. The basic safety features of the structure are not overturned and the structure as a whole is not sunk, which in turn ensures that under the most unfavorable accident conditions, the personnel can ensure life safety without “abandoning the ship”.
  • the high security described in the present invention is substantially different from the conventional safety described in the marine engineering.
  • the conventional safety is based on probability theory to "limited safety" characterized by a small failure probability, and the high security of the present invention is It means that the floating structure on the water is deterministic in terms of basic safety characteristics. It should be noted that the high security described in the present invention does not involve unsafe factors due to material defects, design defects, and manufacturing manufacturing defects.
  • the floating body structure refers to the sum of multiple floating bodies. It provides the necessary buoyancy for the floating structure on the water.
  • the so-called necessary buoyancy refers to the buoyancy required to maintain the carrying capacity and normal stability of the floating structure on the water.
  • the floating body structure in the present invention may be various combinations of a plurality of floating bodies, and may be a plurality of floating bodies dispersedly arranged on a horizontal plane, or a plurality of floating bodies and necessary connecting members may be assembled to each other into a relatively independent three-dimensional space structure.
  • the floating body structure in order to provide buoyancy, the floating body structure must withstand the wave load, but in the present invention, the floating body structure may be selected to participate in the overall force of the floating structure according to the specific situation, or only the floating structure may be subjected to local wave load. Without participating in the overall force of the floating structure on the water.
  • Super large waterline area form refers to the large waterline area form that is dispersed.
  • the waterline area form is an important feature of the present invention.
  • the water line area form described in the present invention focuses on the total water line area and the total displacement.
  • the relationship (which is directly related to the size of the draught of the no-load and full-load floating structures), and the relationship between the waterline area distribution and the load distribution (which is directly related to the size of the load distribution and the floating state change), and It affects important properties such as stability, response of floating structures to load changes, and wave resistance.
  • Solid-like core float refers to a floating body with a small permeability at breakage (such as damage permeability ⁇ 10%), even if it is damaged, it will not affect the stability and sinking resistance. It includes a floating tank structure with internal sealing measures and a lightweight solid core water blocking member directly connected to the intermediate connection structure of the floating structure on the water.
  • Super statically determined combined spatial structure refers to the floating structure of the water as a whole is a three-dimensional structure, and is ultra-quiet.
  • the overall structure is composed of an upper box structure, an intermediate connection structure and a lower floating body structure.
  • the upper box structure may be composed of a plate structure with stiffeners, and the stiffeners may be plates and/or various types of materials, and each type of material may be I-beam, angle steel, channel steel, and the like.
  • the box structure can be composed of a larger number of beam columns and/or a frame structure formed by the support and an inner and outer plate structure with stiffeners.
  • the upper tank structure itself is a statically indeterminate unit that is continuous in space.
  • the intermediate connection structure may be a frame structure formed by a distributed column structure and/or a beam structure, a space truss structure composed of a distributed arrangement of the bar structure, or a reasonable combination of the frame structure and the truss structure.
  • the floating body structure is a combination of a plurality of floating bodies, and may be a hollow mesh body structure in which a plurality of floating bodies are dispersedly arranged on a horizontal plane, or a plurality of floating bodies and necessary connecting members may be assembled into a relatively independent three-dimensional structure. Spatial structure.
  • Intermediate connection structure includes structures or members that are connected between the lower floating body structure and the upper structure. An intermediate connection that intersects the horizontal plane to provide a safe restoring force.
  • Safety Resilience When the floating structure sways with large inclination, the intermediate connection structure intersecting with the horizontal plane enters the water, has a certain drainage volume, can provide buoyancy, and has a large restoring force arm, thus forming a recovery torque, so that The total recovery torque of the floating structure can be greater than the maximum overturning moment of the floating structure under the combined action of wind, wave, etc., which can make the floating structure have the safety of not overturning, so the intermediate connection structure that intersects the horizontal plane can provide The recovery power is called “safety recovery power”.
  • Frull load status refers to the state of displacement when the floating structure of the water is loaded at the maximum.
  • “Upper structure” refers to the spatial structural components that are required to form the overall structure of the floating structure of the water away from the water surface, and are not allowed to be touched by waves in the normal wind and waves.
  • the superstructure can be a frame structure or a box structure.
  • the upper part may be a deck, and the inside may be a working compartment, various functional compartments, and the like.
  • Maximum wave height The maximum wave heights of different waters are different, and the statistics of the same waters are different.
  • the maximum wave height referred to in the present invention refers to the maximum maximum wave height shown in the applicable water reference design references.
  • FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional structural view of a high-safety large floating floating structure in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing a high-safety large floating structure of water in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a high-safety large floating floating structure in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional structural view of a large offshore floating platform with an example of a high-safety large floating structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a side view showing a schematic view of a large offshore floating platform of a high-safety large floating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a large offshore floating platform of an example of a high-safety large floating structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing stability analysis of a high-safety large floating floating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention as a whole laterally placed on a wave surface of a wave;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing stability analysis of a large-scale floating structure in high-security according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of wave load analysis for an example of a high-safety large floating structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a heave analysis of an example of a high-safety large floating structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view 1 of a hypersafety unit of a high-safety large floating structure in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram 2 of a hyperstatic unit in a high-safety large floating structure in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a third schematic diagram of a hyperstatic unit in a high-safety large floating structure in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention proposes a high-safe large floating floating structure capable of avoiding sag.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-safety large floating floating structure, which can be a floating comprehensive support base, which can be directly docked by various types of ships, and the deck surface can be equipped with a large loading and unloading machine to provide loading and unloading and transportation. And storage features.
  • the basic form can be an ultra-flat space structure, which mainly includes a lower floating body structure, an upper structure and an intermediate connecting structure. From a safety standpoint, this is a new type of floating structure that distinguishes it from all ships and offshore platforms.
  • FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional structural view of a high-safety large floating floating structure in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view structural view of a high-safety large floating floating structure in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention
  • a large, high-security, large-scale floating structure of the present invention includes an upper structure 1, an intermediate connection structure 2, and a lower floating structure 3.
  • the length (L) or width (B) of the high-safety large floating floating structure in the horizontal direction can reach the height of the hydrostatic surface (H) when the large floating floating structure is equal to or greater than the high safety. 4 times, the overall is an ultra-flat shape.
  • the floating structure on the water is at least a whole structure composed of 5 floating bodies, 25 uprights, and a space-continuous upper box structure.
  • two lower floating bodies, four uprights and corresponding upper part of the box structure (which can be analogized to one semi-submersible platform) can form a closed a statically indeterminate spatial structural unit. Therefore, the floating structure of the present invention has at least four consecutive combinations of ultra-quiet spatial structural units in any direction.
  • the floating structure of the present invention is at least A combination of 16 statically indeterminate spatial structural units, so that the structure as a whole has great redundancy in terms of resistance to disintegration.
  • the invention can be reasonably analyzed by retrieving the statistical data of various sea conditions and accidents, and predicts the extreme load of the bad sea state and the destructive extreme value of various recorded accident forms, because the recorded samples of the modern shipwreck accident are Enough and representative, it is credible to analyze the accident shape and extremum, and it can be done by technicians in the industry.
  • it is possible to provide a basis for the design of the overall structure of the platform, thereby ensuring that the floating structure of the present invention does not suffer from continuous destruction of a plurality of local units under extreme conditions, thereby ensuring that the floating structure of the present invention has certain conditions under the above conditions.
  • the overall structure of the sexual structure does not disintegrate the safety performance.
  • the ship and the offshore platform define key components, important components, secondary components, and the like according to the importance degree of the components and the state of the force, and the importance of each of the stressed components of the present invention is substantially equivalent, and They can support each other without the risk of successive failures and overall collapse of the relevant structures due to failure of the "soft rib" components.
  • any floating body or column of the semi-submersible platform will be damaged, which will cause the floating tank to enter the water and the stress of the whole structure will deteriorate. If it is not disposed in time, it may cause tilting, breaking or even sinking. Catastrophic consequences.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the superstructure 1 are upper and lower decks, and the intermediate deck may also be added.
  • the upper and lower decks are involved in the overall structural force.
  • the rigid structure can be realized by the frame structure, and a plurality of compartments can be formed in the upper structure 1.
  • the frame structure refers to the structure in which the beam and the column are connected to form a load-bearing system, that is, the frame composed of the beam and the column together resists horizontal loads and vertical loads occurring during use.
  • the upper structure 1 in the height direction, may be designed as a single layer distribution or a multilayer distribution of at least two layers.
  • a large number of compartments can be arranged in each layer, and the layout of the compartments can be arranged according to functional requirements.
  • the main structural support of each of the compartments may be at least three vertical columns, and the top transverse connecting beams, and the connecting beams may respectively connect the columns at the top or the bottom.
  • the connecting member can be connected between the beam and the column, such as a bifurcated casing joint.
  • the components can be welded, riveted, bolted or snap-fitted. In this way, the main stable structural support is composed of the beam and the column.
  • a pole-type bracing or truss-type support structure can also be added between the beam and the column to achieve the structural safety level of the overall structure of the superstructure 1.
  • the upper structure is composed of a beam and a column or other pole-supporting structure to form a rigid supporting structure, for example, referring to the room configuration of the building, and the various functional compartments are formed by the plate.
  • the wall panel is a non-bearing structure
  • lightweight panels can be used, for example, aluminum honeycomb panels, composite rock wool panels, and light steel keel composite walls.
  • Steel plates or other load-bearing plates are available for the roof and floor.
  • the superstructure 1 beam-column structure may be in the form of any beam-column structure that meets the structural safety rating requirements.
  • a plurality of vertical or lateral truss support structures can be utilized to form the upper structure 1 while separating a plurality of functional compartments.
  • the structural design freedom (or flexibility) of the upper structure 1 will be greatly increased compared with the traditional ship and water floating structure design, and the upper functional compartment is designed and arranged. Flexible to change.
  • the remodelable space of the superstructure 1 will be greatly increased.
  • the main bearing structures are beams, columns and other supports (possibly not), and the remaining components (divided parts between the working compartments, upper and lower roofs of the working compartment, etc.) can be designed as The non-main bearing structure only bears the local functional load and does not participate in the overall structural force of the floating structure of the water.
  • the non-main bearing structure of the floating structure on the water can be arbitrarily changed without affecting the overall structural stress under the premise of satisfying the local functional load; the non-main bearing structure can also be considered to be greatly reduced by using non-metallic materials.
  • the cost of corrosion protection; non-primary load-bearing structures can also be considered to be attached to the main bearing structure by means of assembly (non-welding).
  • the superstructure 1 can also provide a rigid structural layer composed of a box structure in another embodiment.
  • the main bearing structure is a space plate beam structure, a transverse bulkhead in the cabin, a longitudinal coffin, and a compartment forming a compartment.
  • Members such as decks generally participate in the calculation of the total longitudinal strength as a stressed structural member.
  • the box structure referred to here is a space box structure composed of a plurality of mutually constrained plates, each of which is subjected to a local load and is subjected to a predetermined distribution bending moment on four sides.
  • the superstructure 1 may be a space cabinet structure composed of a deck, a surrounding wall, and a plurality of longitudinal and lateral bulkheads.
  • the deck can have several floors, such as the main deck, the middle deck, the lower deck, and the like.
  • the main body of the superstructure 1 can be designed to have a reserve buoyancy, that is, the main body of the superstructure 1 is watertight or has a certain watertightness.
  • the main body of the superstructure 1 may be an integral box structure, or may be a combination of a plurality of vertical and horizontal box structures, such as a "Tian" shape, a "well” shape, and a " ⁇ " shape.
  • the structure of the superstructure 1 may adopt a vertical and horizontal mixed skeleton form, and the direction of the main girder in each region is different, and a strong frame with different distances perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main girder is used, and all the main side wall skeletons are horizontal. Arranged, all inner walls are made of vertical stiffeners. Since the frame structure is a common structural form of an existing ship or a floating structure cabin at sea, it will not be described here.
  • the upper structure 1 may also be selected from a combination of a box structure and a frame structure.
  • longitudinal or transverse slab beams are added to the frame structure to further increase the structural strength.
  • various columns and beams are also possible to add various columns and beams to strengthen in the structure mainly composed of the box structure.
  • the middle structure of the upper structure 1 adopts a frame structure, and the outer periphery and the bottom layer adopt a box structure.
  • the upper structure 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is entirely above the maximum wave height of the water area, and the plurality of compartments formed in the upper structure 1 may be selected as a sealable compartment.
  • the middle part The cabin is normally sealed and can be referenced to the current cabin structure.
  • the upper structure 1 can remain self-floating when the lower multi-floating body 3 fails.
  • an embodiment of the intermediate connection structure 2 includes a connection structure 21 in a first direction, the first direction intersects with a horizontal plane, and the connection structure 21 in the first direction includes a plurality of floating bodies that are spaced apart from each other. It can be regarded as an upward extension of a multi-floating body. This part of the floating body belongs to a special function floating body. Under extreme conditions, when the floating structure as a whole exhibits an extremely large angle inclination, the first direction connecting structure 21 includes a plurality of mutually spaced floating bodies. Immersion in water provides buoyancy. Due to the long recovery arm, the overall recovery torque is large, which makes the floating structure as a whole more reliable.
  • the intermediate connection structure intersecting with the horizontal plane enters the water, and can provide a safe restoring force.
  • the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the intermediate connection structures intersecting the horizontal plane is greater than 5% of the waterline area of the lower multi-floating body 3 at the still water draft, and the outermost surface intersects the horizontal plane.
  • the distance between the intermediate connection structure and the center of gravity of the floating structure is greater than twice the distance from the center of gravity of the floating structure, the total recovery moment of the floating structure can be greater than the maximum overturning moment of the floating structure under the combined action of wind, wave and the like. It is possible to make the floating structure safe without overturning.
  • the floating structure of the embodiment of the present invention may also selectively provide a plurality of connection structures 22 in the second direction, and the connection structure 22 in the second direction extends along the horizontal plane.
  • the floating structure of the embodiment of the present invention may select only the connection structure 21 in the first direction, and a large area of the barrier-free water surface operation space may be formed between the floating bodies.
  • the intermediate connecting structure 2, the plurality of floating bodies of the connecting structure 21 in the first direction may be a plurality of floating body connecting structures intersecting the water surface, and the width of the cross-section of the floating body connecting structures in the horizontal plane is smaller than the connected
  • the water line surface width of the pontoon 31, the "width" means a dimension perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped pontoon 31.
  • the plurality of floating bodies of the connecting structure 21 in the first direction may be a columnar structure or a flat-plate type hollow connecting structure extending upward and downward; but in the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of floating bodies of the connecting structure 21 in the first direction are Inter-spaced for wave crossing, reducing the external load on the platform as a whole to ensure safety.
  • the plurality of floating body connection structures referred to in this paragraph should be understood to mean that five or more floating body connection structures are connected to each other corresponding to a single pontoon 31.
  • the first direction connection structure 21 may include a plurality of vertical columns, and the columns are hollow closed structures.
  • the column can be divided into round columns and square columns, equal-section columns and variable-section columns. Most of the columns can be round columns of equal section, and a few can be square columns.
  • the embodiment of the floating body connecting column has the advantage of being less subject to external loads and having a better supporting strength.
  • the lower multi-floating body 3 includes a plurality of strip-shaped pontoons 31 arranged in a distributed manner
  • the plurality of column-type floating bodies of the connecting structure 21 of the first direction may be distributed on a plurality of rows, and each column on each row is spaced apart by a certain distance, and the columns are The arrangement depends on the arrangement of the individual pontoons 31 in the lower multi-float body 3, and in principle a plurality of column spacings are connected above each pontoon 31.
  • a lead angle connecting portion 211 may be provided on the front side and the rear side of the joint of the upright column and the upper structure and the lower multi-floating body 3, and the lead angle connecting portion 211 is a hollow structure.
  • a standard box-type node structure can also be used where the column is combined with the upper structure and the lower multi-floating body 3.
  • transportation equipment such as an elevator or a staircase may be installed in the column 21 to carry out transportation of personnel or materials to the upper structure.
  • the column of the connecting structure 22 in the second direction may be welded by a steel plate, and a partition plate or a reinforcing rib may be disposed inside.
  • a plurality of connection structures 22 in the second direction may be connected between adjacent buoys 31, and the connection structures 22 in the second direction may be arranged longitudinally along the pontoon 31.
  • a plurality of links may include a connecting rod perpendicular to the extending direction of the pontoon 31, and may also include a connecting rod that intersects the extending direction of the pontoon 31.
  • the connecting structure 22 in the second direction may be a connecting rod of a hollow closed structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the connecting rod may be a teardrop shape, a wing shape or other streamline shape, and the connecting rod cross-sectional shape may be parallel to the horizontal plane to reduce the resistance during navigation.
  • the connecting rod can be integrally connected to each of the buoys 31 and fixedly connected to the buoy 31, and can be fixedly connected by welding, riveting or screwing. Of course, it is also possible to integrally penetrate the respective buoys 31 and connect them to the structural beams in the respective buoys 31.
  • the connecting rod can also be replaced by a connecting structure such as a connecting wing.
  • the connecting rods can be connected not only perpendicularly to the respective buoys 31, but also to the buoys 31 to be connected thereto, so that the structural stability of the lower multi-floating body 3 can be improved by the connecting rods 22.
  • the floating structure of the water is subjected to the data of the overturning test, wherein after the heel angle exceeds 10 degrees, the floating arm of the floating structure of the water will be positive. With a rapid decline, after the heel angle exceeds 45 degrees, the restoring arm will become negative, which in turn accelerates the overturning of the floating structure.
  • the overall cross-sectional area of the floating body connection structure of the embodiment of the present invention is about 10% to 30% of the area of the static water line of the lower multi-floating body 3, which can ensure the continuity of the upward distribution of the floating body, and the maximum inclination angle occurs.
  • the restoring arm is still positive when the side strip floats are all in the water. It ensures that the floating structure on the water can maintain better anti-overturning properties under extreme conditions.
  • the lower multi-float body 3 includes a plurality of strip-shaped buoys 31, and further, may include at least five or more strip-shaped buoys 31, which are The strip pontoons 31 may be arranged in parallel at a distance.
  • the overall requirement is that the sum of the drainage volumes of the floating bodies is greater than the drainage volume of the floating structure of the water floating structure to ensure that the floating structure of the water is in an empty state or a full load state, and the water line is always located in the height range of the lower multi-floating body 3. Inside. In this way, an ultra-large waterline floating structure that is insensitive to load changes is provided, which provides a higher load capacity.
  • a plurality of strip-shaped pontoons 31 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal floating structure of the water, arranged in parallel at a distance.
  • the lower multi-floating body 3 may be combined into a plurality of different shapes by a plurality of buoys 31, or a lower multi-floating body 3 may be formed by floating bodies of different shapes intersecting vertically and horizontally, and only the respective buoys 31 are left with appropriate intervals to eliminate wave action. Just fine.
  • Each of the buoys 31 can be composed of a plurality of longitudinal and transverse reinforcing structures and a casing frame to form a watertight casing.
  • the structure needs to ensure water tightness and strength.
  • the maximum height dimension of the section of the single pontoon 31 may be selected to be less than 1/2 of the maximum wave height dimension of the applicable water zone, and the maximum width dimension may be selected to be no more than 2 times the maximum height dimension of the section; the lower multi-float body 3 is adjacent between the adjacent pontoons 31.
  • the clear spacing may be selected to be greater than 0.5 times the cross-sectional width dimension of the pontoon 31 having a larger width dimension among the adjacent two floating bodies.
  • the total volume of the floating body is small and dispersed into a plurality of floating bodies with a small size relative to the design wave height, which is advantageous for reducing the acting load of the wave on the floating structure.
  • the floating structure of the present invention has a large main dimension, a large water line area, and a small free-body floating body, which still provides sufficient stability torque.
  • the distribution length of the cylindrical pontoon 31 can generally span a plurality of wavelengths, and a plurality of cylindrical floating bodies are juxtaposed in the width direction. The forces of many waves on the floating structure cancel each other out, so the floating structure is obviously easy to maintain good attitude stability.
  • the sum of the drainage volumes of the respective buoys 31 is selected to be equal to or less than twice the volume of the equivalent water of the full weight of the floating structure at full load.
  • the water floating structure still water line is arranged substantially in the upper half of each float 31.
  • the variable volume of the floating structure corresponds to a drainage volume that is less than or equal to 1/4 of the total volume of each pontoon 31. Within this range, as many floating bodies as possible can be tiled to increase the floating structure load.
  • the lower multi-float body 3 may include a plurality of strip-shaped buoys 31 located in the same plane (although the same size of the floating body is formed in the same plane, or may be composed of different sizes of floating bodies,
  • the pontoons 31 are substantially the same in diameter and length, and the pontoons 31 are spaced apart by a certain distance.
  • the pontoons 31 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the floating structure in the longitudinal direction, wherein the number of the pontoons 31 is nine, and the middle one is 4 symmetrical arrangements on each side.
  • the pontoon 31 may be circular, elliptical, square or other geometrical shape.
  • each of the buoys 31 may also be of different sizes, for example, in combination with the buoys 31 of different outer contour sizes to avoid the wave response or load response of the buoys 31 of the same size being consistent, avoiding stress concentration or resonance hazard.
  • the plurality of buoys 31 on the outermost side of the multi-floating body are preferably filled with a light non-absorbent material 311, such as polystyrene foam.
  • a light non-absorbent material 311 such as polystyrene foam.
  • three floats 31 are filled on the left and right sides, and a total of six floats are filled.
  • the pontoon 31, the six pontoons 31 provide a total buoyancy of about 1.1 times the equivalent of the entire floating structure.
  • the six floating pontoons 31 can still not lose the buoyancy when the floating structure of the water is damaged or hit by the reef, so that the floating structure of the water does not fall or sink due to the buoyancy of the floating body, which has great practical value. .
  • the pontoon 31 may not be limited to a strip shape.
  • the lower multi-floating body 3 includes a plurality of independent floating bodies arranged in a spatially dispersed manner, and the shape of the floating body may be a spherical body, an ellipsoid, etc., which can be applied.
  • Various forms of floating structures are possible.
  • the lower multi-floating body 3 may be a combination or combination of a plurality of morphological floating bodies.
  • a plurality of independent floating bodies arranged in a space are further included, and the shape of the floating body may be a spherical body, an ellipsoid, etc., which can be applied to the floating type.
  • Various forms of structure are further included.
  • each floating body of the connecting structure 21 in the first direction can also be filled with a light non-absorbent material to ensure that it is damaged and does not enter the water, and can still provide a restoring moment, and can be selected to be filled with a light non-absorbent material, or can be correspondingly
  • a light non-absorbent material to ensure that it is damaged and does not enter the water, and can still provide a restoring moment, and can be selected to be filled with a light non-absorbent material, or can be correspondingly
  • only the lightweight non-absorbent material is filled in the floating body connection structure on the outer peripheral side, so that the safety of the floating structure on the water can be greatly improved.
  • the first direction connecting structure 21 cooperates with the lower multi-floating body 3 to form a water-line surface floating body structure with respect to waves, which effectively reduces the wave load.
  • the floating structure on the water is equipped with a driving device and a direction control device.
  • a plurality of propellers 4 may be disposed on each of the buoys 31, and the propellers may be full-rotation propellers.
  • the floating structure on the water can be used for steering and fast navigation, and the speed can reach 10 knots; the combination of multiple full-rotation thrusters can realize the dynamic positioning function.
  • the high-safety large floating floating structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention comprises an overall rigid upper structure 1, an intermediate connecting structure 2 and a lower multi-floating body 3, which can be generally analogized to an I-shaped cross section.
  • the upper structure can be equivalent to the upper flange of the I-shaped section; the lower multi-floating body 3 is equivalent to the lower flange of the I-shaped section, and the intermediate connection structure 2 is equivalent to the web of the I-shaped section.
  • the cross-sectional area of the lower multi-floating body 3 and the cross-sectional area of the upper structure 1 are roughly equivalent to the transverse moment of inertia of the neutral structure of the floating structure, and the moment of inertia of the lower multi-floating body 3 and the superstructure 1
  • the moment of inertia of the section itself is roughly equivalent, and the neutral shaft of the floating structure of the water can be designed in the middle of the floating structure of the water, so that the upper structure 1 and the lower multi-floating body 3 (steel) can exert the maximum efficiency.
  • the smallest amount of steel used to obtain maximum strength including resistance to tensile, compression, bending, shearing, torsion, etc.), greatly improving the utilization of structural materials (steel).
  • the present invention provides a specific application such as:
  • the floating structure uses a statistical value of the maximum wave height that may occur in the sea area of about 28 meters.
  • the floating structure superstructure is designed as a box structure with three decks to form a strong deck of the floating structure.
  • the superstructure can be 600 meters in length, 130 meters in width, and 10 meters in height. It can provide 78,000 square meters of upper surface all-pass deck and 234,000 square meters of upper cabin.
  • the lower multi-float body 3 of the floating structure is selected to have nine identically shaped, vertically-arranged, longitudinally arranged pontoons 31 (or strip-shaped floats) to provide buoyancy for the entire floating structure.
  • the cross section of each of the lower floats 3 can be designed as the same rounded rectangle, each of which can be 600 meters in length and 11.5 meters in height, and the maximum width can be At 8.8 meters, the spacing between the pontoons 31 can be 6 meters.
  • the outer edges of the nine floats 31 may have a width of 130 meters, and the multiple floats provide a total drainage volume of about 546,000 cubic meters.
  • the sum of the waterline areas of the multi-floating body can be 47,400 square meters.
  • the maximum displacement of the floating structure is about 335,000 tons, of which the self-weight is about 180,000 tons and the designed load is about 185,000 tons.
  • the draught is about 7.8 meters and the no-load draught is about 4.8 meters.
  • the no-load, full-load draught changes about 3 meters.
  • the center of gravity G of the floating structure at no load is about 23.5 meters from the hydrostatic surface height H.
  • the length distribution dimension of the floating body of the floating structure in the horizontal direction is equal to 25 times of the height of the static water surface when the floating structure of the floating structure is idling, and the distribution dimension in the width direction is equal to the empty structure of the floating structure of the water.
  • the center of gravity is 5.53 times the height of the hydrostatic surface.
  • the maximum total longitudinal bending moment of the floating body is about 9.76E10NM.
  • the maximum structural stress of the ankle is about 220MP (the allowable stress is 320MP), and the overall deflection of the structure is about 1/500, which satisfies the condition of “rigid body”.
  • the connecting structure 21 in the first direction is a rectangular hollow column having rounded corners having a length of about 10 meters, a width of about 6 meters, and a height of about 28 meters.
  • the single cross-sectional area can be 60 square meters, and each strip-shaped floating body is equidistantly distributed with 12 first-direction connecting structures 21, and a total of 108 nine floating bodies, with a total cross-sectional area of about 6048 square meters, which is more 13% of the float waterline area.
  • the floating structure has a volume of 60,720 cubic meters, and the drainage volume of the floating structure is 335,000 cubic meters, so that the inner space of the outermost six pontoons 31 is filled with the light non-water absorbing material 311.
  • the drainage volume is approximately 364,000 cubic meters, which is greater than the equivalent water volume of the full weight of the floating structure.
  • a driving device and a direction control device 4 may be disposed at each of the crotch portion and the crotch portion of each pontoon 31.
  • each set of electric propulsion full-rotation rudder propellers may be There are 22 units in total. Provides excellent drive power and omnidirectional control for floating structures.
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 show the application of a super-large offshore floating structure designed for offshore voyages and large offshore floating structures propelled by 18 sets of full-turn propellers 4.
  • Large objects, helicopters, containers, etc. can be loaded on the open deck or other decks, as well as oil reserves, refrigerated cargo reserves, and personnel living facilities.
  • the floating structure has a three-part structure (see FIGS. 6, 7, and 8), that is, the upper structure 1, the lower multi-float body 3, and the intermediate connection structure 2 connecting the upper structure 1 and the lower multi-float body 3.
  • the floating structure superstructure 1 is designed as a box structure with two deck structures (from deck A to deck B) forming the strength deck of the floating structure.
  • the superstructure 1 is 310 meters long and 90 meters wide and can provide a flat all-pass upper deck with an area of 27,900 square meters for large cargo and large container storage sites, helicopter parking, recreational sports venues (golf, etc.) and temporary cargo. Stacking and so on.
  • the superstructure 1 there are mainly arranged: oil separator cabin, carbon dioxide tank, local water-based fire equipment room, auxiliary equipment, cooling water tank, daily fresh water tank, drinking water tank, windlass hydraulic engine room, sewage treatment equipment room. , sewage tank, rainwater purification equipment room, desalination equipment room, sewage treatment equipment room, compressor compartment, hydraulic pump room, etc.
  • the floating structure is provided with nine identically shaped, mutually independent, streamlined, longitudinally arranged pontoons 31 that provide buoyancy for the entire floating structure.
  • Each of the lower floats 3 is designed as the same drop-shaped cross section, each of which has a length of 310 meters, a height of 7.5 meters, a maximum width of 5 meters and a floating body spacing of 5.5 meters.
  • the nine floats provide a total of 84,500 tons of displacement, and when the design is fully loaded, the draft is 6.0 meters, which can provide 68,000 tons of displacement.
  • a set of full-rotation rudder propellers is provided at each of the crotch portion and the crotch portion of each pontoon 31 to provide excellent driving power and direction control capability for the floating structure.
  • the intermediate connection mechanism 2 mainly includes a connection structure 21 in a first direction and a connection structure 22 in a second direction.
  • the pontoon 31 and the upper structure 1 are connected by a first direction connecting structure 21, and the nine pontoons 31 are connected by a second direction connecting structure 22.
  • the first direction connection structure 21 includes a vertical upright and an inclined upright, which may also constitute an integral truss support structure.
  • the connecting structure 22 in the second direction may be a lateral truss, which may be arranged in the cross section of the vertical column, and is composed of cross braces to connect the nine pontoons 31.
  • the structure of the floating structure is designed to be spatially distributed, providing a large internal storage space and an upper deck area for a wide range of civil and special purposes:
  • the general categories of goods may include: dry bulk, containers, rolling goods, large structure, refrigerated goods, etc.
  • the floating structure of the floating structure is arranged with 9 strip-shaped floating bodies horizontally, and the spacing of each adjacent floating body is 5.5 meters.
  • the total volume of each floating body of the floating structure is 82,400 cubic meters, and the drainage volume is 66,350 cubic meters when it is full.
  • the upper structure of the floating structure is a box structure, and the intermediate connection structure includes a vertical column, a cross bracing (inclined column), a horizontal horizontal bar member, and a truss structure composed of horizontal supports.
  • the three structural portions described above are interconnected to form an overall statically indeterminate spatial structure.
  • the floating structure has a length of 310 meters, so that it conforms to the feature that the outer contour size in the preferred range of the embodiment is greater than 150 meters in at least one direction.
  • the single floating body of the floating structure has a height of 7.5 meters and a width of 5.0 meters, and the maximum wave height of the applicable water area is not less than 23 meters, so that the maximum height dimension of the single floating body section in the preferred range in the embodiment is smaller than the maximum wave height of the applicable water area.
  • 1/2 of the size the maximum width dimension is not greater than 2 times the maximum height dimension of the section; the clear spacing between adjacent floats is 5.5 meters, which corresponds to the net spacing between adjacent floating bodies in the preferred range of the embodiment is greater than
  • the total volume of each floating body of the floating structure is 82400 cubic meters, and the drainage volume at full load is 66340 cubic meters, which is consistent with the equal volume of the total weight of each floating body in the preferred range of the embodiment, which is smaller than the full weight of the floating structure at full load. 2 times this feature.
  • the floating structure has a length of 310 m (L) and a width of 90 m (B).
  • the center of gravity of the floating structure is 14.5 m (H) from the hydrostatic surface, and the floating structure of the water in the preferred range of the above embodiment is horizontal.
  • the length and width distribution in the direction is equal to or greater than the feature that the center of gravity of the floating structure is four times the height of the hydrostatic surface when it is idling.
  • the floating structure is equipped with 18 full-turn propellers 4, which can make the floating structure have self-propelled capability, and can control the heading of the floating structure by adjusting the azimuth of the full-rotation propeller 5.
  • This is in accordance with the feature that the water floating structure is mounted with the driving device and the direction control device in the preferred range of the above embodiment.
  • the floating structure has a volume of 9156 cubic meters, and the drainage volume of the floating structure is 66,430 cubic meters. Therefore, the internal space of the eight floating bodies is filled with the light non-water absorbing material 311, and the drainage volume is An equal volume of water greater than the total weight of the floating structure, i.e., in accordance with the features of the preferred ranges of the above embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure flottante de grande taille très sûre, comprenant une structure supérieure (1), des structures de liaison intermédiaires (2) et des structures de corps flottants inférieures (3). Les structures de corps flottants inférieures (3) comprennent de multiples corps flottants répartis (31), et présentent ensemble une zone de ligne de flottaison ultra-large. Certains corps flottants externes (31) au niveau des structures de corps flottants inférieures (3) sont des corps flottants de type solide. Les structures de liaison intermédiaires (2) sont réparties dans l'espace, et comprennent des structures de liaison croisant le plan horizontal et/ou parallèles à celui-ci. Les structures de liaison croisant le plan horizontal fournissent des forces de rappel sûres. Les structures de corps flottants inférieures (3) sont reliées à la structure supérieure (1) au moyen des structures de liaison intermédiaires (2). Dans son ensemble, la structure flottante de grande taille est ultra-plate. La structure flottante comporte un mécanisme multi-redondant garantissant l'intégrité structurale et assurant de bonnes capacités anti-immersion et anti-renversement, et présente une grande polyvalence et une bonne capacité à échapper aux tempêtes. Même en cas de conditions maritimes particulièrement défavorables ou d'accidents graves, y compris des collisions, des heurts contre des rochers, un échouement et un déplacement anormal de la cargaison, il est possible de garantir que la structure d'ensemble de la structure flottante ne va pas se désintégrer et que la structure flottante ne va pas chavirer, ni couler. Ainsi, la sécurité des personnes se trouvant à bord de la structure flottante peut être assurée, de même que la sécurité de la structure d'ensemble de la structure flottante.
PCT/CN2018/086627 2017-05-16 2018-05-12 Structure flottante de grande taille très sûre WO2018210199A1 (fr)

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CN106985981B (zh) * 2017-05-16 2019-07-16 唐山航岛海洋重工有限公司 高安全的大型水上浮式结构
WO2018210197A1 (fr) * 2017-05-16 2018-11-22 唐山航岛海洋重工有限公司 Grande structure flottante, et module de base de très grande structure flottante
CN107097913A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2017-08-29 唐山航岛海洋重工有限公司 超大型海洋浮式结构物的基础模块
CN109826488B (zh) * 2019-01-17 2024-05-10 上海海事大学 一种用于大跨度空间结构的气撑梁
CN113093183B (zh) * 2021-04-02 2022-03-08 国家卫星海洋应用中心 阈值确定方法、海冰厚度反演方法、装置、设备及介质

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