WO2018098660A1 - 轮式底盘和起重机 - Google Patents

轮式底盘和起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018098660A1
WO2018098660A1 PCT/CN2016/107900 CN2016107900W WO2018098660A1 WO 2018098660 A1 WO2018098660 A1 WO 2018098660A1 CN 2016107900 W CN2016107900 W CN 2016107900W WO 2018098660 A1 WO2018098660 A1 WO 2018098660A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
suspension
wheeled chassis
frame
disposed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/107900
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
单增海
丁宏刚
东权
邓永建
车少波
朱磊
朱涛
王志芳
Original Assignee
徐州重型机械有限公司
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Application filed by 徐州重型机械有限公司 filed Critical 徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2016/107900 priority Critical patent/WO2018098660A1/zh
Publication of WO2018098660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018098660A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/16—Arrangement of linkage connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/18—Steering knuckles; King pins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of construction machinery, in particular to a wheeled chassis and a crane.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a wheeled chassis in the prior art.
  • the wheeled chassis includes a suspension cylinder assembly 1', a final drive 6', a drive half shaft 5', a push rod 8', a frame 4', a steering mechanism 2', a wheel 31', and a knuckle 32'.
  • the suspension cylinder assembly 1' includes a suspension cylinder 11' and a bearing elastic bushing 12'.
  • the upper end of the suspension cylinder 11' is coupled to the frame 4' via a bearing elastic bushing 12'.
  • the lower end of the suspension cylinder 11' is coupled to the wheel 31' via the knuckle 32' to absorb the impact transmitted by the wheel 31' and to support the load of the frame 4'.
  • the transmission half shaft 5' connects the final drive 6' with the wheel 31' to transmit power to the wheel 31'.
  • the steering mechanism 2' is disposed below the frame 4' and coupled to the knuckle 32' to drive the wheel 31' to rotate through the knuckle 32'.
  • the knuckle 32' and the bottom of the final drive 6' are provided with a push rod 8' to ensure that the wheel pitch of the wheeled chassis remains unchanged during operation.
  • the suspension cylinder 11' of the prior art includes a first cylinder 111', a second cylinder 112' and a piston rod assembly 113', and the second cylinder 112' is telescopically disposed at the first In the cylinder 111', the piston rod of the piston rod assembly 113' is coupled to the bottom of the first cylinder 111' and telescopically disposed within the second cylinder 112'.
  • the steering mechanism 2' of the wheeled chassis of the prior art can only realize the steering of the driving wheel 31' by directly connecting with the steering knuckle 32', so the arrangement of the steering mechanism 2' in the prior art is selected. limited.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a wheeled chassis including a suspension cylinder assembly, a steering mechanism, a frame, a wheel, and a steering knuckle, the suspension cylinder assembly including a suspension cylinder and a vehicle disposed on the suspension cylinder a mount and a steering knuckle mount, the suspension cylinder being coupled to the frame by the frame mount and rotating relative to the frame about an axis of the suspension cylinder, the suspension cylinder passing The steering knuckle mount is coupled to the steering knuckle, and the steering mechanism drives the suspension cylinder to rotate to drive the steering knuckle to control the steering of the wheel.
  • the frame mount includes a connecting bracket connected to the frame and a bearing assembly disposed between the connecting bracket and the suspension cylinder.
  • the bearing assembly includes a thrust bearing for receiving an axial force and a radial bearing for receiving a radial force.
  • the suspension cylinder includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a piston rod assembly
  • the second cylinder is telescopically disposed in the first cylinder and the first cylinder can drive
  • the second cylinder is rotated
  • the piston rod assembly is connected to the first cylinder and is telescopically disposed in the second cylinder
  • the knuckle mounting seat is disposed on the second cylinder.
  • the steering mechanism is coupled to the outer wall of the first cylinder such that the first cylinder can drive the steering knuckle to rotate.
  • a spline is disposed between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, the spline enables the first cylinder to drive the second cylinder to rotate and the second cylinder It can be telescopically disposed in the first cylinder.
  • a first guiding sleeve is further disposed between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and a support ring for supporting the second cylinder is disposed in the first guiding sleeve, the flower A key supports the second cylinder together with the support ring.
  • an outer surface of the first cylinder is provided with an angle sensor for detecting a rotation angle of the first cylinder.
  • the piston rod assembly includes a piston rod, a piston and a core tube, the piston is disposed at an end of the piston rod and partitions an inner cavity of the second cylinder into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity,
  • the core tube is disposed in the piston rod for supplying oil to the rod chamber or the rodless chamber.
  • a second guiding sleeve is disposed in the second cylinder, and the piston rod is disposed in the second guiding sleeve.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a crane comprising the wheeled chassis provided by any of the first aspects of the invention.
  • the wheeled chassis includes a suspension cylinder assembly, a steering mechanism, a frame, a wheel and a steering knuckle
  • the suspension cylinder assembly includes a suspension cylinder and a frame mounting on the suspension cylinder a seat and a steering knuckle mount
  • the suspension cylinder is connected to the frame through the frame mount and rotates relative to the frame about the axis of the suspension cylinder
  • the suspension cylinder is connected to the steering knuckle through the knuckle mount
  • the steering mechanism drives the suspension The cylinder rotates to drive the steering knuckle to control the steering of the wheel.
  • the wheeled chassis of the present invention can rotate the axis of the suspension cylinder with respect to the frame by setting the suspension cylinder, so that the steering mechanism can drive the suspension of the suspension cylinder to rotate the steering knuckle, compared with the prior art.
  • the position of the mechanism in the wheeled chassis can be flexibly arranged.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art wheeled chassis
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the suspension cylinder of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a wheeled chassis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the suspension cylinder assembly of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the suspension cylinder assembly shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of the suspension cylinder assembly shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a wheeled chassis according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1'-suspension cylinder assembly 11'-suspension cylinder; 111'-first cylinder; 112'-second cylinder; 113'-piston rod assembly; 12'-bearing elastic bushing; 2'-steering Mechanism; 31'-wheel; 32'-knuckle; 4'-frame; 5'-drive half shaft; 6'-main reducer; 8'-push rod; 1-suspension cylinder assembly; 11-suspension Cylinder; 111-first cylinder; 112-second cylinder; 113-piston rod assembly; 113A-piston rod; 113B-piston; 113C-core tube; 114-first guide sleeve; 115-spline; Second guide sleeve; 119-seal; 12-frame mount; 121-first mount; 121A-first joint; 121B-joint; 121C-thrust ball bearing; 121D-rotary oil seal; 121E-roll Needle bearing; 122
  • the wheeled chassis of an embodiment of the present invention includes a suspension cylinder assembly, a steering mechanism, a frame, a wheel, and a steering knuckle.
  • the suspension cylinder assembly includes a suspension cylinder and a frame mount and a knuckle mount disposed on the suspension cylinder.
  • the suspension cylinder is coupled to the frame by the frame mount and rotates about the axis of the suspension cylinder relative to the frame.
  • the suspension cylinder is connected to the steering knuckle through the knuckle mounting seat, and the steering mechanism drives the suspension cylinder to rotate around the axis of the suspension cylinder to drive the steering knuckle to control the steering of the wheel.
  • the wheeled chassis of the embodiment of the present invention can rotate the axis of the suspension cylinder with respect to the frame by setting the suspension cylinder, so that the steering mechanism can drive the rotation of the suspension cylinder to drive the knuckle to rotate, compared with the prior art.
  • the position of the steering mechanism in the wheeled chassis can be flexibly arranged.
  • the wheeled chassis of the present embodiment includes a suspension cylinder assembly 1, a steering mechanism 2, a frame 4, wheels 31, and a knuckle 32.
  • the suspension cylinder assembly 1 includes a suspension cylinder 11 and a frame mount 12 and a knuckle mount 13 provided on the suspension cylinder 11.
  • the suspension cylinder 11 is coupled to the frame 4 via the frame mount 12 and rotates about the axis of the suspension cylinder 11 with respect to the frame 4, and the suspension cylinder 11 is coupled to the knuckle 32 via the knuckle mount 13, and the steering mechanism 2 drives The suspension cylinder 11 rotates to drive the knuckle 32 to rotate to control the steering of the wheel 31.
  • the transmission half shaft 5 is connected to the final drive 6 and the wheel 31 is connected to transmit the power of the final drive 6 to the wheel 31 to drive the wheel 31 to rotate.
  • the suspension cylinder 11 includes a first cylinder 111, a second cylinder 112, and a piston rod assembly 113.
  • the second cylinder 112 is telescopically disposed in the first cylinder 111 and the first cylinder 111 can drive the second cylinder 112 Turn.
  • the piston rod assembly 113 is coupled to the first cylinder 111 and telescopically disposed in the second cylinder 112.
  • the knuckle mounting seat 13 is disposed on the second cylinder 112, and the steering mechanism 2 is coupled to the outer wall of the first cylinder 111. In order to enable the first cylinder 111 to drive the knuckle 32 to rotate.
  • the steering mechanism 2 is connected to the outer wall of the first cylinder 111, so that the steering mechanism 2 can drive the first cylinder 111 to rotate, and the first cylinder 111 can drive the second cylinder 112 to rotate, and the knuckle mounting seat 13 is disposed on On the second cylinder 112, the knuckle mount 13 is also rotated, so that the knuckle 32 can be rotated to control the steering of the wheel.
  • the steering mechanism 2 may be connected to any position of the outer wall of the first cylinder 111.
  • the steering mechanism 2 shown by the solid line in FIG. 3 is connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the first cylinder 111, or may be as shown by the dashed line in FIG.
  • the steering mechanism 2 is connected to the top end position of the outer wall of the first cylinder 111. Therefore, the arrangement position of the steering mechanism 2 in the wheeled chassis is more flexible.
  • the suspension cylinder 11 of the present embodiment is composed of a three-layer structure of the first cylinder 111, the second cylinder 112 and the piston rod assembly 113, which reduces the weight of the suspension cylinder 11 and reduces the processing difficulty and failure rate of the suspension cylinder. .
  • the steering mechanism 2 drives the knuckle to rotate by the suspension cylinder 11, the lower portion of the knuckle does not need to be provided with the connecting seat of the steering rocker as compared with the prior art, thereby reducing the weight of the knuckle.
  • the steering mechanism 2 includes a steering rod 21 and a knuckle arm 22.
  • the knuckle arm 22 is coupled to the outer wall of the first cylinder 111.
  • the knuckle arm mount 14 is provided on the outer wall of the first cylinder 111.
  • first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112 are connected by the splines 115 such that the first cylinder 111 can drive the second cylinder 112 to rotate and the second cylinder 112 can be telescopically disposed on Inside the first cylinder 111.
  • the first cylinder may also be connected to the second cylinder by other means such as flat keys, gears or hydraulic pressure.
  • a first guide sleeve 114 is disposed between the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112.
  • a support ring for supporting the second cylinder 112 is disposed in the first guide sleeve 114.
  • the spline 115 and the support ring collectively support the second cylinder 112.
  • the first guiding sleeve 114 is provided with a sealing member 119 for sealing and dustproofing.
  • the piston rod assembly 113 includes a piston rod 113A, a piston 113B, and a core tube 113C.
  • the piston 113B is provided at the end of the piston rod 113A, and the piston 113B divides the inner cavity of the second cylinder 112 into the rod chamber P and the rodless chamber Q.
  • the core tube 113C is provided in the piston rod 113A for supplying oil to the rod chamber P and the rodless chamber Q.
  • a second guiding sleeve 116 is disposed in the second cylinder 112, and the piston rod 113B is disposed through The second guiding sleeve 116 is inside.
  • the frame mount includes a connector bracket coupled to the frame 4 and a bearing assembly disposed between the bracket and the suspension cylinder 11. Since the suspension cylinder 11 is rotatable relative to the frame 4 and is movable along the axis, the bearing assembly includes a thrust bearing for receiving axial force and a radial bearing for receiving radial force.
  • the suspension cylinder 11 of the wheeled chassis of the present embodiment is connected to the frame 4 through the frame mount, so that the distance between the suspension cylinders 11 on both sides of the frame 4 is kept constant, thereby ensuring that the wheel pitch is not maintained. change.
  • the arrangement of the push rods is omitted, thus simplifying the structure of the wheeled chassis and reducing the weight of the wheeled chassis.
  • the frame mount 12 includes a first mount 121 provided at an upper portion of the suspension cylinder 11 and a second mount 122 provided at a middle portion of the suspension cylinder 11. .
  • the first mount 121 includes a first connecting frame 121A, a thrust ball bearing 121C, and a needle bearing 121E that are coupled to the frame 4.
  • the second mount 122 includes a second connecting bracket 122A and a needle bearing 122B that are coupled to the frame 4.
  • first connecting frame 121A is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 121B, and the connecting seat 121B is connected to the outer wall of the first cylindrical body 1 through the thrust ball bearing 121C and the needle bearing 121E, so that the first cylindrical body 1 can be opposite to the frame 4 Turn.
  • the first mount 121 further includes a rotary oil seal 121D.
  • the second mount 122 also includes a rotating oil seal 122C.
  • the frame mount may include only the third mount 123 disposed at the top end of the first cylinder 115 without providing the first mount and the second mount. seat.
  • the structure is simpler, and the structure of the wheeled chassis at this time is as shown in FIG.
  • an angle sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the first cylinder 111. As shown in FIG. 6, the angle sensor 15 is disposed on the bottom of the first cylinder 111.
  • the final drive transmits the power output from the engine to the wheels through the transmission half shaft to drive the rotation and realize the crane running.
  • the wheels jump separately due to the difference in the height of the road surface.
  • the suspension oil cylinder can expand and contract with the jumping of the wheel, and cooperate with the accumulator to absorb the impact.
  • the steering mechanism realizes the steering of the wheel by driving the first cylinder of the suspension cylinder to rotate and then driving the steering knuckle.
  • Lifting and lowering of the frame by controlling the hydraulic oil to enter the rod cavity or the rodless cavity of the second cylinder, the second cylinder is driven The movement in the axial direction, in turn, the lifting of the frame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)

Abstract

一种轮式底盘和起重机，该轮式底盘包括悬架油缸组件(1)、转向机构(2)、车架(4)、车轮(31)和转向节(32)，所述悬架油缸组件(1)包括悬架油缸(11)以及设于所述悬架油缸(11)上的车架安装座(12)和转向节安装座(13)，所述悬架油缸(11)通过所述车架安装座(12)与所述车架(4)连接且相对于所述车架(4)绕所述悬架油缸(11)的轴线转动，所述悬架油缸(11)通过所述转向节安装座(13)与所述转向节(32)连接，所述转向机构(2)带动所述悬架油缸(11)转动进而带动所述转向节(32)转动以控制所述车轮(31)转向。该轮式底盘通过将悬架油缸设置为可以相对于车架绕悬架油缸的轴线转动，因此转向机构可以通过带动悬架油缸转动来带动转向节转动，转向机构在轮式底盘中的位置可以灵活布置。

Description

轮式底盘和起重机 技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械领域，特别涉及一种轮式底盘和起重机。
背景技术
图1示出了现有技术中的轮式底盘的结构示意图。轮式底盘包括悬架油缸组件1′、主减速器6′、传动半轴5′、推杆8′、车架4′、转向机构2′、车轮31′和转向节32′。悬架油缸组件1′包括悬架油缸11′和轴承弹性衬套12′。悬架油缸11′的上端通过轴承弹性衬套12′与车架4′连接。悬架油缸11′的下端通过转向节32′与车轮31′连接以吸收车轮31′传递的冲击以及支承车架4′的载荷。传动半轴5′连接主减速器6′与车轮31′以将动力传递给车轮31′。转向机构2′设置于车架4′的下方并与转向节32′连接以通过转向节32′带动车轮31′转动。转向节32′与主减速器6′的底部设置推杆8′，保证轮式底盘在工作过程中的轮间距保持不变。
如图2所示，现有技术中的悬架油缸11′包括第一筒体111′、第二筒体112′和活塞杆组件113′，第二筒体112′可伸缩地设置于第一筒体111′内，活塞杆组件113′的活塞杆与第一筒体111′的底部连接且可伸缩地设置于第二筒体112′内。
由上可知，现有技术中的轮式底盘的转向机构2′只能通过与转向节32′直接连接来实现驱动车轮31′的转向，因此现有技术中的转向机构2′的布置方式选择有限。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种轮式底盘和起重机，以使得轮式底盘中的转向机构的布置方式更灵活。
本发明第一方面提供一种轮式底盘，包括悬架油缸组件、转向机构、车架、车轮和转向节，所述悬架油缸组件包括悬架油缸以及设于所述悬架油缸上的车架安装座和转向节安装座，所述悬架油缸通过所述车架安装座与所述车架连接且相对于所述车架绕所述悬架油缸的轴线转动，所述悬架油缸通过所述转向节安装座与所述转向节连接，所述转向机构带动所述悬架油缸转动进而带动所述转向节转动以控制所述车轮转向。
进一步地，所述车架安装座包括与车架连接的连接架以及设置于所述连接架与所述悬架油缸之间的轴承组件。
进一步地，所述轴承组件包括用于承受轴向力的推力轴承和用于承受径向力的向心轴承。
进一步地，所述悬架油缸包括第一筒体、第二筒体和活塞杆组件，所述第二筒体可伸缩地设置于所述第一筒体内且所述第一筒体能够带动所述第二筒体转动，所述活塞杆组件与所述第一筒体连接且可伸缩地设置于所述第二筒体内，所述转向节安装座设置于所述第二筒体上，所述转向机构与所述第一筒体的外壁连接以使得所述第一筒体能够带动所述转向节转动。
进一步地，所述第一筒体与所述第二筒体之间设有花键，所述花键使所述第一筒体能够带动所述第二筒体转动且所述第二筒体能够可伸缩地设置于所述第一筒体内。
进一步地，所述第一筒体与所述第二筒体之间还设有第一导向套，所述第一导向套内设有用于支撑所述第二筒体的支撑环，所述花键与所述支撑环共同支撑所述第二筒体。
进一步地，所述第一筒体的外壁上设置有角度传感器，用于检测所述第一筒体的转动角度。
进一步地，所述活塞杆组件包括活塞杆、活塞和芯管，所述活塞设于所述活塞杆的端部且将所述第二筒体的内腔分隔为有杆腔和无杆腔，所述芯管设于所述活塞杆中以用于向所述有杆腔或所述无杆腔供油。
进一步地，所述第二筒体内设有第二导向套，所述活塞杆穿设于所述第二导向套内。
本发明第二方面提供一种起重机，包括本发明第一方面任一项提供的轮式底盘。
基于本发明提供的轮式底盘和起重机，轮式底盘包括悬架油缸组件、转向机构、车架、车轮和转向节，悬架油缸组件包括悬架油缸以及设于悬架油缸上的车架安装座和转向节安装座，悬架油缸通过车架安装座与车架连接且相对于车架绕悬架油缸的轴线转动，悬架油缸通过转向节安装座与转向节连接，转向机构带动悬架油缸转动进而带动转向节转动以控制车轮转向。本发明的轮式底盘通过将悬架油缸设置为可以相对于车架绕悬架油缸的轴线转动，因此转向机构可以通过带动悬架油缸转动来带动转向节转动，与现有技术相比，转向机构在轮式底盘中的位置可以灵活布置。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为现有技术的轮式底盘的结构示意图；
图2为图1中的悬架油缸的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例的轮式底盘的结构示意图；
图4为图3中悬架油缸组件的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示的悬架油缸组件的原理结构示意图；
图6为图4所示的悬架油缸组件的剖视结构示意图；
图7为本发明另一实施例的轮式底盘的结构示意图。
各附图标记分别代表：
1′-悬架油缸组件；11′-悬架油缸；111′-第一筒体；112′-第二筒体；113′-活塞杆组件；12′-轴承弹性衬套；2′-转向机构；31′-车轮；32′-转向节；4′-车架；5′-传动半轴；6′-主减速器；8′-推杆；1-悬架油缸组件；11-悬架油缸；111-第一筒体；112-第二筒体；113-活塞杆组件；113A-活塞杆；113B-活塞；113C-芯管；114-第一导向套；115-花键；116-第二导向套；119-密封件；12-车架安装座；121-第一安装座；121A-第一连接架；121B-连接座；121C-推力球轴承；121D-旋转油封；121E-滚针轴承；122-第二安装座；122A-第二连接架；122B-滚针轴承；122C-旋转油封；123-第三安装座；13-转向节安装座；14-转向节臂安装座；15-角度传感器；2-转向机构；21-转向拉杆；22-转向节臂；31-车轮；32-转向节；4-车架；5-传动半轴；6-主减速器；P-有杆腔；Q-无杆腔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。 以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明实施例的轮式底盘包括悬架油缸组件、转向机构、车架、车轮和转向节。悬架油缸组件包括悬架油缸以及设于悬架油缸上的车架安装座和转向节安装座。悬架油缸通过车架安装座与车架连接且相对于车架绕悬架油缸的轴线转动。悬架油缸通过转向节安装座与转向节连接，转向机构带动悬架油缸绕悬架油缸的轴线转动进而带动转向节转动以控制车轮转向。本发明实施例的轮式底盘通过将悬架油缸设置为可以相对于车架绕悬架油缸的轴线转动，因此转向机构可以通过带动悬架油缸转动来带动转向节转动，与现有技术相比，转向机构在轮式底盘中的位置可以灵活布置。
下面将根据图3至图6对本发明一具体实施例的轮式底盘的结构进行详细说明。
如图3至图5所示，本实施例的轮式底盘包括悬架油缸组件1、转向机构2、车架4、车轮31和转向节32。悬架油缸组件1包括悬架油缸11以及设于悬架油缸11上的车架安装座12和转向节安装座13。悬架油缸11通过车架安装座12与车架4连接且相对于车架4绕悬架油缸11的轴线转动，悬架油缸11通过转向节安装座13与转向节32连接，转向机构2带动悬架油缸11转动进而带动转向节32转动以控制车轮31转向。
传动半轴5连接主减速器6和车轮31连接以将主减速器6的动力传递给车轮31来驱动车轮31转动。
如图4所示，悬架油缸11包括第一筒体111、第二筒体112和活塞杆组件113。第二筒体112可伸缩地设置于第一筒体111内且第一筒体111能够带动第二筒体112 转动。活塞杆组件113与第一筒体111连接且可伸缩地设置于第二筒体112内，转向节安装座13设置于第二筒体112上，转向机构2与第一筒体111的外壁连接以使得第一筒体111能够带动转向节32转动。转向机构2与第一筒体111的外壁连接，因此转向机构2就能够带动第一筒体111转动，而第一筒体111又能够带动第二筒体112转动，转向节安装座13设置于第二筒体112上，那么转向节安装座13也随之转动，因此就可以使转向节32转动，从而控制车轮转向。转向机构2可以与第一筒体111的外壁的任意位置连接，例如图3实线所示的转向机构2连接于第一筒体111的外壁的中部位置，也可以如图3虚线所示的转向机构2连接于第一筒体111的外壁的顶端位置。因此转向机构2在轮式底盘中的布置位置更加灵活。并且，本实施例的悬架油缸11由第一筒体111、第二筒体112和活塞杆组件113三层结构组成，减轻悬架油缸11的重量且降低悬架油缸的加工难度和故障率。另外，转向机构2通过悬架油缸11来带动转向节转动，因此与现有技术相比，转向节的下部无需设置转向摇臂的连接座，因此减轻转向节的重量。
在本实施例中，如图3所示，转向机构2包括转向拉杆21和转向节臂22。转向节臂22与第一筒体111的外壁连接。如图6所示，第一筒体111的外壁上设有转向节臂安装座14。
具体在本实施例中，第一筒体111与第二筒体112通过花键115连接以使得第一筒体111能够带动第二筒体112转动且第二筒体112能够可伸缩地设置于第一筒体111内。
在一个附图未示出的实施例中，第一筒体也可以通过平键、齿轮或液压等其他方式来实现与第二筒体的连接。
优选地，如图6所示，第一筒体111与第二筒体112之间设有第一导向套114。第一导向套114内设有用于支撑第二筒体112的支撑环。花键115和支撑环共同支撑第二筒体112。
第一导向套114内设置有密封件119，起密封及防尘等作用。
活塞杆组件113包括活塞杆113A、活塞113B和芯管113C。活塞113B设于活塞杆113A的端部，活塞113B将第二筒体112的内腔分隔为有杆腔P和无杆腔Q。芯管113C设于活塞杆113A中以用于向有杆腔P和无杆腔Q供油。
优选地，如图6所示，第二筒体112内设有第二导向套116，活塞杆113B穿设于 所述第二导向套116内。
优选地，车架安装座包括与车架4连接的连接架以及设置于连接架与悬架油缸11之间的轴承组件。由于悬架油缸11相对于车架4即能转动，又能沿轴线运动，因此轴承组件包括用于承受轴向力的推力轴承和用于承受径向力的向心轴承。
本实施例的轮式底盘的悬架油缸11通过车架安装座与车架4连接，因此位于车架4两侧的悬架油缸11之间的距离保持固定，从而也保证了轮间距保持不变。与现有技术相比，省去了推杆的布置，因此简化轮式底盘的结构并减轻轮式底盘的重量。
在本实施例中，如图4和图5所示，车架安装座12包括设于悬架油缸11的上部的第一安装座121和设于悬架油缸11的中部的第二安装座122。
如图6所示，第一安装座121包括与车架4连接的第一连接架121A、推力球轴承121C和滚针轴承121E。第二安装座122包括与车架4连接的第二连接架122A和滚针轴承122B。
具体地，第一连接架121A与连接座121B固定连接，连接座121B通过推力球轴承121C和滚针轴承121E与第一筒体1的外壁连接，因此第一筒体1可以相对于车架4转动。
优选地，第一安装座121还包括旋转油封121D。第二安装座122还包括旋转油封122C。
在另一个实施例中，如图5中的虚线所示，车架安装座可以只包括在第一筒体115的顶端设置的第三安装座123，而不用设置第一安装座和第二安装座。结构更加简单，此时的轮式底盘的结构如图7所示。
为了监测第一筒体111的转动工况，第一筒体111的外壁上设置有角度传感器。如图6所示，角度传感器15设置于第一筒体111的筒底上。
本发明实施例的起重机的不同工作过程如下：
驱动：主减速器将发动机输出的动力通过传动半轴传递给车轮以驱动其转动，实现起重机行驶。当遇到颠簸路面时，车轮之间由于路面的高度不同而单独跳动，此时悬架油缸可随着车轮的跳动而伸缩，与蓄能器共同配合吸收冲击。
转向：转向机构通过带动悬架油缸的第一筒体转动进而带动转向节转动实现车轮的转向。
车架的升降：通过控制液压油进入第二筒体的有杆腔或无杆腔，带动第二筒体在 轴向上的运动，进而实现车架的升降。
由上可知，本发明实施例的轮式底盘的各部分之间的工作互不干涉又相互协调。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种轮式底盘，其特征在于，包括悬架油缸组件(1)、转向机构(2)、车架(4)、车轮(31)和转向节(32)，所述悬架油缸组件(1)包括悬架油缸(11)以及设于所述悬架油缸(11)上的车架安装座(12)和转向节安装座(13)，所述悬架油缸(11)通过所述车架安装座(12)与所述车架(4)连接且相对于所述车架(4)绕所述悬架油缸(11)的轴线转动，所述悬架油缸(11)通过所述转向节安装座(13)与所述转向节(32)连接，所述转向机构(2)带动所述悬架油缸(11)转动进而带动所述转向节(32)转动以控制所述车轮(31)转向。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述车架安装座(12)包括与车架(4)连接的连接架以及设置于所述连接架与所述悬架油缸(11)之间的轴承组件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述轴承组件包括用于承受轴向力的推力轴承和用于承受径向力的向心轴承。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述悬架油缸(11)包括第一筒体(111)、第二筒体(112)和活塞杆组件(113)，所述第二筒体(112)可伸缩地设置于所述第一筒体(111)内且所述第一筒体(111)能够带动所述第二筒体(112)转动，所述活塞杆组件(113)与所述第一筒体(111)连接且可伸缩地设置于所述第二筒体(112)内，所述转向节安装座(13)设置于所述第二筒体(112)上，所述转向机构(2)与所述第一筒体(111)的外壁连接以使得所述第一筒体(111)能够带动所述转向节(32)转动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述第一筒体(111)与所述第二筒体(112)之间设有花键(115)，所述花键(115)使所述第一筒体(111)能够带动所述第二筒体(112)转动且所述第二筒体(112)能够可伸缩地设置于所述第一筒体(111)内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述第一筒体(111)与所述第二筒体(112)之间还设有第一导向套(114)，所述第一导向套(114)内设有用于支撑所述第二筒体(112)的支撑环，所述花键(115)与所述支撑环共同支撑所述第二筒体(112)。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述第一筒体(111)的外壁 上设置有角度传感器(15)，用于检测所述第一筒体(111)的转动角度。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述活塞杆组件(113)包括活塞杆(113A)、活塞(113B)和芯管(113C)，所述活塞(113B)设于所述活塞杆(113A)的端部且将所述第二筒体(112)的内腔分隔为有杆腔(P)和无杆腔(Q)，所述芯管(113C)设于所述活塞杆(113A)中以用于向所述有杆腔(P)或所述无杆腔(Q)供油。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的轮式底盘，其特征在于，所述第二筒体(112)内设有第二导向套(116)，所述活塞杆(113A)穿设于所述第二导向套(116)内。
  10. 一种起重机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的轮式底盘。
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