WO2017122623A1 - 硬化膜およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
硬化膜およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017122623A1 WO2017122623A1 PCT/JP2017/000442 JP2017000442W WO2017122623A1 WO 2017122623 A1 WO2017122623 A1 WO 2017122623A1 JP 2017000442 W JP2017000442 W JP 2017000442W WO 2017122623 A1 WO2017122623 A1 WO 2017122623A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
- G03F7/0233—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders characterised by the polymeric binders or the macromolecular additives other than the macromolecular quinonediazides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/22—Polybenzoxazoles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/22—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/38—Masks having auxiliary features, e.g. special coatings or marks for alignment or testing; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/48—Protective coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0045—Photosensitive materials with organic non-macromolecular light-sensitive compounds not otherwise provided for, e.g. dissolution inhibitors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/0226—Quinonediazides characterised by the non-macromolecular additives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/075—Silicon-containing compounds
- G03F7/0751—Silicon-containing compounds used as adhesion-promoting additives or as means to improve adhesion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/085—Photosensitive compositions characterised by adhesion-promoting non-macromolecular additives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/16—Coating processes; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/168—Finishing the coated layer, e.g. drying, baking, soaking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/40—Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cured film of a photosensitive resin composition and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition suitably used for a surface protective film such as a semiconductor element, an interlayer insulating film, an insulating layer of an organic electroluminescent element, a cured film thereof, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a surface protective film such as a semiconductor element, an interlayer insulating film, an insulating layer of an organic electroluminescent element, a cured film thereof, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- Patent Document 1 a positive photosensitive resin composition containing a hydroxystyrene resin, a polyamic acid, and a quinonediazide compound has been proposed.
- this resin composition in the unexposed area, the solubility in an alkaline solution as a developer is suppressed due to the interaction between the phenolic hydroxyl group of the hydroxystyrene resin and the quinonediazide compound.
- the quinonediazide compound in the exposed area, the quinonediazide compound generates an acid by light, so that the solubility in an alkaline solution is remarkably improved.
- a positive-type relief pattern can be created by the difference in solubility between the unexposed area and the exposed area in the alkaline solution.
- Patent Document 2 a positive photosensitive resin composition containing a compound having a polyhydroxystyrene resin, an alkoxymethyl group or a methylol group has been proposed, realizing high sensitivity and low stress.
- Patent Document 3 polybenzoxazole having a flexible group synthesized from an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid
- the semiconductor device production process includes a step of stripping the resist, but the insulating film between the metal rewirings is required to have resistance to a resist stripping solution as chemical resistance.
- the above materials are not sufficiently resistant to the resist stripping solution, and may swell, dissolve, and peel off.
- polybenzoxazole having a flexible group synthesized from an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is a metal (for example, copper, etc.) due to an increase in stress on the substrate wafer due to dehydration and ring closure during curing and a decrease in interaction due to a decrease in functional group. ), And the adhesion with the metal deteriorates after a reliability test such as a thermal shock test.
- the present invention solves the problems associated with the prior art as described above, and provides a cured film having high chemical resistance, high elongation, and high adhesion to metals, particularly copper.
- the present invention relates to the following.
- it is a cured film obtained by curing a photosensitive resin composition containing a polybenzoxazole precursor, and the ratio of the polybenzoxazole precursor ring-closed to the polybenzoxazole is 10% or more and 60% or less. It relates to a cured film.
- the photosensitive resin composition is coated on a substrate and dried to form a photosensitive resin film, or a photosensitive sheet formed from the photosensitive resin composition is laminated on a substrate to be photosensitive.
- a method for producing a cured film including a step of forming a resin film, a step of exposing through a mask, a step of eluting or removing the irradiated portion with an alkaline solution, and a step of heat-treating the photosensitive resin film after development About.
- the present invention relates to an interlayer insulating film or a semiconductor protective film on which the cured film is disposed, a semiconductor electronic component, and a semiconductor device.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a cured film having high chemical resistance, high elongation, and high adhesion to metals, particularly copper.
- the electronic component or the semiconductor device of the present invention has a good shape, a pattern with excellent adhesion and chemical resistance, and has high reliability.
- the cured film of the present invention is a cured film obtained by curing a photosensitive resin composition, wherein the photosensitive resin composition contains a polybenzoxazole precursor, and the polybenzoxazole precursor in the cured film is polybenzoxazole.
- the cured film is characterized in that the ratio of ring closure is 10% or more and 60% or less. That is, a resin in which the specific poly (o-hydroxyamide) structural unit in the cured film is partially oxazolated.
- the cured film is a film obtained by applying a photosensitive resin composition, exposing and developing, and applying a temperature of 150 ° C. to 320 ° C. to advance a thermal crosslinking reaction.
- the ratio of the polybenzoxazole precursor ring-closed to the polybenzoxazole is 10% to 60%, thereby improving the resistance of the cured film to the resist stripping solution and completely By not closing the ring, it is possible to secure high adhesion to the metal.
- the ring closure rate indicates the ratio of the polybenzoxazole precursor structural unit ring-closed to the polybenzoxazole, and is calculated by FT-IR measurement.
- the ring closure rate in the cured film is set to 60% or less, more preferably 55% or less, polar groups derived from the polybenzoxazole precursor remain, and adhesion to other materials such as sealing resin and metal Can be improved. Furthermore, by introducing a flexible structure into the polybenzoxazole precursor, the entanglement of molecular chains is increased, and a cured film having high mechanical properties, particularly high elongation can be obtained.
- the cured film of the present invention has both chemical resistance and adhesion to metal by making the ratio of the polybenzoxazole precursor ring-closed to the polybenzoxazole 10% to 60%, and is flexible. By having an ionic structure in the polybenzoxazole precursor, it also has high extensibility.
- polybenzoxazole precursor examples include, but are not limited to, poly (o-hydroxyamide) or a polymer obtained by partially protecting the hydroxyl group of poly (o-hydroxyamide) with an organic group.
- the polybenzoxazole precursor of the present invention has (A) a dicarboxylic acid having a structural unit represented by the general formula (1) and having a structure of X 1 (COOH) 2 , or a structure of X 1 (COZ) 2 . It is a polyamide that can be obtained by polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid derivative having a diamine and a diamine having the structure of Y 1 (NH 2 ) 2 .
- X 1 and Y 1 are each independently a divalent to octavalent organic group having two or more carbon atoms
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen or an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- N1 is an integer in the range of 2 to 500
- p and q are each independently an integer of 0 to 4
- r and s are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, provided that p, q, For r and s, when the value is 0, the functional groups in parentheses each represent a hydrogen atom.
- the polybenzoxazole precursor of the present invention preferably contains 50% or more of repeating units having a value of p or q of 1 or more and 4 or less, based on the total structural units. It is more preferable that it contains more than%.
- Examples of the dicarboxylic acid having the structure of X 1 (COOH) 2 or the dicarboxylic acid derivative having the structure of X 1 (COZ) 2 include cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, malonic acid, dimethylmalonic acid, ethylmalonic acid, isopropyl Malonic acid, di-n-butylmalonic acid, succinic acid, tetrafluorosuccinic acid, methylsuccinic acid, 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid, 2,3-dimethylsuccinic acid, dimethylmethylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, Hexafluoroglutaric acid, 2-methylglutaric acid, 3-methylglutaric acid, 2,2-dimethylglutaric acid, 3,3-dimethylglutaric acid, 3-ethyl-3-methylglutaric acid, adipic acid, octafluoroadipic acid 3-methyladipic acid,
- A represents —, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —COO—, —OCO—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3) 2 - with a divalent radical selected from the group consisting of).
- Z is a group selected from an organic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen element, and is a group selected from the following structural formula Is preferred.
- B and C include a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a t-butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a halogen group, a phenoxy group, and a nitro group.
- Examples of the diamine having the structure of Y 1 (NH 2 ) 2 include m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, 1,5-naphthalenediamine, 2,6-naphthalenediamine, 9 , 10-anthracenediamine, 2,7-diaminofluorene, 4,4′-diaminobenzanilide, 3,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3-carboxy-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3-sulfonic acid-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3′-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 3,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone,
- a decrease in adhesion to a metal is suppressed by a decrease in interaction due to an increase in stress on the substrate wafer and a decrease in functional groups due to dehydration ring closure during curing.
- a diamine having a structural unit represented by the general formula (2) as Y 1.
- R 3 to R 6 each independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 7 to R 14 each independently represents hydrogen, fluorine or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, provided that x, y and z each independently represents an integer of 0 to 35.
- Examples of the diamine having the structural unit represented by the general formula (2) include ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediamine, 1,4-diaminobutane, and 1,5-diamino.
- Pentane 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,11 -Diaminoundecane, 1,12-diaminododecane, 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, 1,3-cyclohexanediamine, 1,4-cyclohexanediamine, 1,2-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,3-bis (amino) Methyl) cyclohexane, 1,4-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 4,4'-methylenebis (Cyclohexylamine), 4,4′-methylenebis (2-methylcyclohexylamine), KH-511, ED-600, ED-900, ED-2003, E
- —S—, —SO—, —SO 2 —, —NH—, —NCH 3 —, —N (CH 2 CH 3 ) —, —N (CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ) —, —N (CH Bonds such as (CH 3 ) 2 ) —, —COO—, —CONH—, —OCONH—, —NHCONH— may be included.
- the content of the polyether structural unit represented by the general formula (2) is in the range of 5 to 40 mol% in the total diamine residues. It is preferable that it is 5 mol% or more in all diamine residues at the point which can ensure the high ductility of the obtained cured film, and it is more preferable that it is 10 mol% or more.
- the content of the diamine having the structural unit represented by the general formula (2) is preferably 40 mol% or less in the total diamine residues in terms of maintaining solubility in an alkaline solution. It is more preferably at most mol%, further preferably at most 20 mol%.
- Y 1 is represented by general formula (2).
- the molecular weight of the structural unit represented by the general formula (2) is preferably 150 or more, more preferably 600 or more, and further preferably 900 or more.
- molecular weight is 2,000 or less, it is preferable at the point which maintains the solubility to an alkaline solution, 1800 or less is more preferable, and 1500 or less is further more preferable.
- the molecular weight is more preferably 600 or more and 1,800 or less, and further preferably 900 or more and 1,500 or less. Thereby, lower stress property and sensitivity can be improved.
- the tetramethylene ether group is excellent in heat resistance.
- the polyether structural unit represented by General formula (2) has a tetramethylene ether glycol structural unit.
- the tetramethylene ether glycol structural unit is preferably 50 mol% or more. All the polyether structural units may be tetramethylene ether glycol structural units.
- RT-1000, HE-1000, HT-1100, HT-1700 (trade name, manufactured by HUNTSMAN Co., Ltd.) and the like can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the molecular weight of Y 1 component in the resin component (A), with respect to the diamine monomer containing a Y 1 structure, for example, measured by LC-MS, can be obtained as the molecular weight of the main signal.
- an aliphatic group having a siloxane structure may be copolymerized within a range where the heat resistance is not lowered, and the adhesion to the substrate can be improved.
- the diamine component include those obtained by copolymerizing 1 to 15 mol% of bis (3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane, bis (p-aminophenyl) octamethylpentasiloxane, and the like.
- the copolymerization is 1 mol% or more, it is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion to a substrate such as a silicon wafer, and when it is 15 mol% or less, it is preferable from the viewpoint of maintaining solubility in an alkaline solution.
- the component (A) in the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more and 50,000 or less.
- a weight average molecular weight 10,000 or more in terms of polystyrene by GPC (gel permeation chromatography)
- mechanical properties after curing can be improved.
- the weight average molecular weight is 50,000 or less
- developability with an alkaline solution can be improved.
- 20,000 or more is more preferable.
- it is sufficient that at least one weight average molecular weight is in the above range.
- the component (A) seals the end of the main chain with an end-capping agent.
- the end capping agent include monoamines, acid anhydrides, monocarboxylic acids, monoacid chloride compounds, and monoactive ester compounds.
- the terminal of the resin by sealing the terminal of the resin with a terminal sealing agent having a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a thiol group, a vinyl group, an ethynyl group, or an allyl group, the dissolution rate of the resin in an alkaline solution and the resulting curing can be obtained.
- the mechanical properties of the membrane can be easily adjusted to a preferred range.
- the introduction ratio of the end-capping agent is preferably 0.1 mol% or more with respect to all amine components in order to prevent the molecular weight of the component (A) from increasing and the solubility in an alkaline solution from decreasing. Especially preferably, it is 5 mol% or more.
- the introduction ratio of the terminal blocking agent is preferably 60 mol% or less, particularly preferably 50 in order to suppress a decrease in mechanical properties of the cured film obtained by lowering the molecular weight of the resin having the structural unit (A). It is less than mol%.
- a plurality of end-capping agents may be reacted to introduce a plurality of different end groups.
- Monoamines used for the end-capping agents include M-600, M-1000, M-2005, M-2070 (above trade names, manufactured by HUNTSMAN Co., Ltd.), aniline, 2-ethynylaniline, 3-ethynylaniline, 4 -Ethynylaniline, 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline, 1-hydroxy-7-aminonaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-6-aminonaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-5-aminonaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-4-aminonaphthalene, 2 -Hydroxy-7-aminonaphthalene, 2-hydroxy-6-aminonaphthalene, 2-hydroxy-5-aminonaphthalene, 1-carboxy-7-aminonaphthalene, 1-carboxy-6-aminonaphthalene, 1-carboxy-5 Aminonaphthalene, 2-carboxy-7-aminonaphthalene, 2 Carboxy-6-aminonaphthalene, 2-carboxy-5
- Acid anhydrides such as phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, nadic anhydride, cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydride, 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride, etc., as acid anhydrides, monocarboxylic acids, monoacid chloride compounds, and monoactive ester compounds 3-carboxyphenol, 4-carboxyphenol, 3-carboxythiophenol, 4-carboxythiophenol, 1-hydroxy-7-carboxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-5-carboxynaphthalene Monocarboxylic acids such as 1-mercapto-7-carboxynaphthalene, 1-mercapto-6-carboxynaphthalene, 1-mercapto-5-carboxynaphthalene, 3-carboxybenzenesulfonic acid, 4-carboxybenzenesulfonic acid, Monoacid chloride compounds in which these carboxyl groups are converted to acid chlorides, terephthalic acid, phthal
- transduced into (A) component used for this invention can be easily detected with the following method.
- a resin having a terminal blocking agent introduced therein is dissolved in an acidic solution and decomposed into an amine component and an acid anhydride component as structural units, and this is measured by gas chromatography (GC) or NMR measurement.
- GC gas chromatography
- the end-capping agent used in the present invention can be easily detected.
- the resin component into which the end-capping agent has been introduced can also be easily detected by directly measuring it with a pyrolysis gas chromatograph (PGC), infrared spectrum and 13 C-NMR spectrum.
- PPC pyrolysis gas chromatograph
- the component (A) used in the present invention is polymerized using a solvent.
- the polymerization solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve dicarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acid derivatives, tetracarboxylic dianhydrides and diamines which are raw material monomers.
- the polymerization solvent used in the present invention is preferably used in an amount of 100 parts by mass or more, more preferably 150 parts by mass or more, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin obtained in order to dissolve the resin after the reaction. Moreover, in order to obtain resin as a powder at the time of precipitation collection
- the photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention includes a component (A) in the previous period, (B) a compound that generates an acid by light (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as (B) component), (C) heat It is a positive photosensitive resin composition containing a crosslinking agent.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition is not limited in its shape as long as these components are contained, and may be, for example, a paste or a sheet.
- the photosensitive sheet of the present invention is not completely cured by applying the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention on a support and drying it at a temperature and time within a range where the solvent can be volatilized.
- the support is not particularly limited, but various commercially available films such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, polyphenylene sulfide film, and polyimide film can be used.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the bonding surface between the support and the photosensitive resin composition may be subjected to a surface treatment such as silicone, a silane coupling agent, an aluminum chelating agent, or polyurea in order to improve adhesion and peelability.
- the thickness of the support is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of workability.
- the photosensitive resin composition As a method of applying the photosensitive resin composition to the support, spin coating using a spinner, spray coating, roll coating, screen printing, blade coater, die coater, calendar coater, meniscus coater, bar coater, roll coater, comma roll
- the method include a coater, a gravure coater, a screen coater, and a slit die coater.
- the film thickness after drying is usually 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- Oven, hot plate, infrared, etc. can be used for drying.
- the drying temperature and the drying time may be in a range where the solvent can be volatilized, and it is preferable to appropriately set a range in which the photosensitive resin composition is in an uncured or semi-cured state. Specifically, it is preferable to carry out from 1 minute to several tens of minutes in the range of 40 ° C to 150 ° C. Moreover, you may heat up in steps combining these temperatures, for example, you may heat-process at 80 degreeC and 90 degreeC for 2 minutes each.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention contains a compound that generates an acid by light, that is, a photosensitive agent that is a photoacid generator.
- the photosensitive agent in the present invention is a positive type that is solubilized by light, and a quinonediazide compound or the like is preferably used.
- quinonediazide sulfonic acid is ester-bonded to a polyhydroxy compound
- quinonediazide sulfonic acid is sulfonamide-bonded to a polyamino compound
- quinonediazide sulfonic acid is ester-bonded and / or sulfonamide to a polyhydroxypolyamino compound. Examples include those that are combined. Although all the functional groups of these polyhydroxy compounds, polyamino compounds, and polyhydroxypolyamino compounds may not be substituted with quinonediazide, it is preferable that 40 mol% or more of the entire functional groups are substituted with quinonediazide on average. .
- a positive photosensitive resin composition that is sensitive to i-line (wavelength 365 nm), h-line (wavelength 405 nm), and g-line (wavelength 436 nm) of a mercury lamp, which is a general ultraviolet ray. Obtainable.
- Polyhydroxy compounds include Bis-Z, BisP-EZ, TekP-4HBPA, TrisP-HAP, TrisP-PA, TrisP-SA, TrisOCR-PA, BisOCHP-Z, BisP-MZ, BisP-PZ, BisP-IPZ, BisOCP -IPZ, BisP-CP, BisRS-2P, BisRS-3P, BisP-OCHP, Methylenetris-FR-CR, BisRS-26X, DML-MBPC, DML-MBOC, DML-OCHP, DML-PCHP, DML-PC, DML-PTBP, DML-34X, DML-EP, DML-POP, dimethylol-BisOC-P, DML-PFP, DML-PSBP, DML-MTrisPC, TriML-P, TriML-35XL, TML-BP, TML-H , TML-pp-BPF, TML-BPA, TMOM-BP, HML-TPPHBA, HML-TPHAP (
- Polyamino compounds include 1,4-phenylenediamine, 1,3-phenylenediamine, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, sulfide.
- examples of the polyhydroxypolyamino compound include 2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane, 3,3′-dihydroxybenzidine, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- the quinonediazide compound contains an ester with a phenol compound and a 4-naphthoquinonediazidesulfonyl group. Thereby, high sensitivity and higher resolution can be obtained by i-line exposure.
- the content of the component (B) is preferably 1 part by mass or more, and more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, because sufficient sensitivity can be obtained after exposure with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A).
- the content of the quinonediazide compound is preferably 50 parts by mass or less, more preferably 40 parts by mass or less, which does not deteriorate the film characteristics with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A). By setting the content of the quinonediazide compound within this range, higher sensitivity can be achieved while obtaining the desired film characteristics.
- other photoacid generators such as onium salts and diaryl compounds, sensitizers and the like may be added as necessary.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention preferably contains (C) a thermal cross-linking agent (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as (C) component).
- C a thermal cross-linking agent
- a compound having at least two alkoxymethyl groups or methylol groups is preferable. By having at least two of these groups, it is possible to form a crosslinked structure by condensation reaction with the resin and the same kind of molecules.
- component (B) a wider range of designs is possible for improving the sensitivity and mechanical properties of the cured film.
- Preferred examples of the component (C) include, for example, DML-PC, DML-PEP, DML-OC, DML-OEP, DML-34X, DML-PTBP, DML-PCHP, DML-OCHP, DML-PFP, DML- PSBP, DML-POP, DML-MBOC, DML-MBPC, DML-MTrisPC, DML-BisOC-Z, DMLBisOCHP-Z, DML-BPC, DML-BisOC-P, DMOM-PC, DMOM-PTBP, DMOM-MBPC, TriML-P, TriML-35XL, TML-HQ, TML-BP, TML-pp-BPF, TML-BPE, TML-BPA, TML-BPAF, TML-BPAP, TMOM-BP, TMOM-BPE, TMOM-BPA, TMOM-BPAF, TMOM- PAP, HML-TPPHBA, HML-TPPHAP,
- the content of the component (C) is preferably 5 parts by mass or more for obtaining chemical resistance to the solvent with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A), and 40 parts by mass for obtaining sufficient mechanical properties.
- the following is preferable. Within this range, a wide range of designs can be performed more appropriately in order to improve sensitivity and mechanical properties of the cured film.
- a low molecular compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group may be contained within a range that does not reduce the shrinkage residual film ratio after curing. Thereby, the development time can be shortened.
- Examples of these compounds include Bis-Z, BisP-EZ, TekP-4HBPA, TrisP-HAP, TrisP-PA, BisOCHP-Z, BisP-MZ, BisP-PZ, BisP-IPZ, BisOCP-IPZ, BisP- CP, BisRS-2P, BisRS-3P, BisP-OCHP, Methylenetris-FR-CR, BisRS-26X (trade name, manufactured by Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), BIP-PC, BIR-PC, BIR-PTBP BIR-BIPC-F (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Organic Materials Co., Ltd.) and the like. Two or more of these may be contained.
- the content of the low molecular compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group is preferably 1 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A).
- the photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention preferably contains (D) a compound represented by the general formula (3) (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as (D) component).
- (D) component a compound represented by the general formula (3)
- the adhesion between the heat-cured film and the metal material, particularly copper is remarkably improved. This is derived from the fact that the S atom and N atom of the compound represented by the general formula (3) interact efficiently with the metal surface, and has a three-dimensional structure that easily interacts with the metal surface. caused by. Due to these effects, the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention can obtain a cured film having excellent adhesion to a metal material.
- R 18 to R 20 in the general formula (3) a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl ether group, an alkylsilyl group, an alkoxysilyl group, an aryl group, an aryl ether group, a carboxyl group, Examples thereof include a carbonyl group, an allyl group, a vinyl group, a heterocyclic group, and combinations thereof, and may further have a substituent.
- R 15 to R 17 each represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a nitrogen atom, and at least one of R 15 to R 17 represents a sulfur atom.
- 1 and m and n each represent an integer of 0 to 2.
- R 18 to R 20 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the amount of component (D) added is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of component (A). By making the addition amount 0.1 parts by mass or more, the effect of adhesion to the metal material can be sufficiently obtained, and by making it 10 parts by mass or less, the photosensitive resin composition used in the present invention can be obtained. In the case of the positive type, it is preferable because the decrease in sensitivity of the positive type photosensitive resin composition before curing can be suppressed by the interaction with the photosensitive agent.
- R 15 to R 17 of the component (D) used in the present invention each represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a nitrogen atom, and at least one of R 15 to R 17 is preferably a sulfur atom.
- the sensitivity may be impaired by the interaction between the photosensitizer and the nitrogen atom-containing compound.
- the effect of improving adhesion can be obtained without reducing the sensitivity of the positive-type photosensitive resin composition before curing because the interaction effect with the photosensitive agent is reduced by containing sulfur atoms.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (3) include the following, but are not limited to the following structures.
- the (B) component, (C) component, and (D) component in the cured film in the present invention are subjected to degassing analysis (for example, pyrolysis GC / MS) of the cured film, thereby leaving the respective component residues.
- degassing analysis for example, pyrolysis GC / MS
- the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention preferably contains (E) a compound represented by the following general formula (4) (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as (E) component).
- E a compound represented by the following general formula (4)
- the mechanical characteristic of the cured film after reliability evaluation and the fall of adhesiveness with a metal material can be suppressed.
- R 21 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms
- R 22 represents an alkylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms
- R 23 represents an alkylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms
- k represents an integer of 1 to 4
- the component (E) acts as an antioxidant to suppress oxidative degradation of the aliphatic group or phenolic hydroxyl group of the component (A). Moreover, the oxidation of a metal material can be suppressed by the antirust effect
- R 21 in the component (E) used in the present invention represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms
- R 22 represents an alkylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms
- R 23 represents a monovalent to tetravalent organic group containing at least one of an alkylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms, an oxygen atom, and a nitrogen atom.
- k represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- R 23 includes an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aryl ether group, a carboxyl group, a carbonyl group, an allyl group, a vinyl group, a heterocyclic group, —O—, —NH—, —NHNH—, and A combination thereof may be used, and further a substituent may be included.
- alkyl ether and —NH— are preferably contained from the viewpoint of solubility in a developer and metal adhesion, and from the viewpoint of interaction with the component (A) and metal adhesion due to metal complex formation— NH- is more preferred.
- the amount of component (E) added is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass and more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of component (A). Since the addition amount is 0.1 parts by mass or more, the oxidative deterioration of the aliphatic group and the phenolic hydroxyl group can be suppressed, and the oxidation of the metal material can be suppressed by the rust preventive action on the metal material. ,preferable. Moreover, it is preferable that the addition amount be 10 parts by mass or less because a decrease in sensitivity of the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing can be suppressed by interaction with the photosensitive agent.
- Examples of the component (E) include the following, but are not limited to the following structures.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention contains (F) a thermal crosslinking agent having a structural unit represented by the general formula (5) (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as (F) component). It is preferable to do. By containing the component (F), it is possible to further improve mechanical properties and reduce stress.
- R 25 and R 26 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 24 is a divalent organic group having an alkylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms, and is linear. , Any of branched, and annular may be used.
- R 25 and R 26 of the component (F) used in the present invention each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 24 is a divalent organic group having an alkylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms, and may be linear, branched or cyclic.
- R 24 is an alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkyl ether group, alkylsilyl group, alkoxysilyl group, aryl group, aryl ether group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, allyl group, vinyl group, heterocyclic group, Combinations of these may be mentioned, and further a substituent may be included.
- the component (F) used in the present invention has a flexible alkylene group and a rigid aromatic group, it has heat resistance and can improve the mechanical properties of the cured film and reduce the stress.
- the crosslinking group include, but are not limited to, an acrylic group, a methylol group, an alkoxymethyl group, and an epoxy group.
- an epoxy group is preferable because it reacts with the phenolic hydroxyl group of the component (A) to improve the heat resistance of the cured film, and film shrinkage due to dehydration hardly occurs, and stress to the generated substrate can be reduced. .
- Examples of the component (F) used in the present invention include the following, but are not limited to the following structures.
- n 2 is an integer of 1 to 5
- n 3 is an integer of 1 to 20.
- the component (F) used in the present invention preferably has n 2 of 1 to 2 and n 3 of 3 to 7 from the viewpoint of achieving both heat resistance and mechanical properties.
- the content of the component (F) is preferably 2 to 35 parts by mass and more preferably 5 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A).
- the addition amount 2 or more By making the addition amount 2 or more, the effect of improving the mechanical properties and reducing the stress can be obtained, and by making the addition amount 35 parts by mass or less, the sensitivity of the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing is lowered. Can be suppressed.
- the content of the component (E) used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (F) used in the present invention. Within this range, deterioration of the alkylene group after reliability evaluation can be suppressed, so that a decrease in mechanical properties of the cured film after reliability evaluation can be suppressed.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention preferably contains a solvent.
- Solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,3-dimethyl-2 -Polar aprotic solvents such as imidazolidinone, N, N'-dimethylpropyleneurea, N, N-dimethylisobutyramide, methoxy-N, N-dimethylpropionamide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene Ethers such as glycol monoethyl ether, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobuty
- the content of the solvent is preferably 100 parts by mass or more in order to dissolve the composition with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A), and 1,500 masses to form a coating film having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more. It is preferable to contain a part or less.
- the cured film obtained by curing the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is a surfactant, an ester such as ethyl lactate or propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethanol, etc. for the purpose of improving the wettability with the substrate as necessary.
- an ester such as ethyl lactate or propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethanol, etc.
- Alcohols, ketones such as cyclohexanone and methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane.
- trimethoxyaminopropylsilane, trimethoxyepoxysilane as a silicon component on the cured film obtained by curing the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention within a range not impairing the storage stability.
- Silane coupling agents such as trimethoxyvinylsilane and trimethoxythiolpropylsilane may be contained.
- a preferable content is 0.01 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin having the structural unit (A).
- the cured film obtained by curing the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention may contain another alkali-soluble resin in addition to the component (A).
- alkali-soluble polyimide, polybenzoxazole, acrylic polymer copolymerized with acrylic acid, novolak resin, siloxane resin, and the like can be given.
- Such a resin is soluble in an alkaline solution such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide, choline, triethylamine, dimethylaminopyridine, monoethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate.
- the viscosity of the positive photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention is preferably 2 to 5,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the solid content concentration so that the viscosity is 2 mPa ⁇ s or more, it becomes easy to obtain a desired film thickness.
- the viscosity is 5,000 mPa ⁇ s or less, it becomes easy to obtain a highly uniform coating film.
- a positive photosensitive resin composition having such a viscosity can be easily obtained, for example, by setting the solid content concentration to 5 to 60% by mass.
- the (A) component of the cured film which hardened the photosensitive resin composition used for this invention contains the structural unit represented by General formula (1), it may be copolymerized with other structures, such as a polyimide. May be.
- monomers to be copolymerized include acid dianhydrides such as pyromellitic dianhydride, 2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylic dianhydride, and 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetra.
- Heptanetetracarboxylic dianhydride bicyclo [3.3.1. ] Tetracarboxylic dianhydride, bicyclo [3.1.1. ] Hept-2-enetetracarboxylic dianhydride, bicyclo [2.2.2. ] Octanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, adamantanetetracarboxylic acid, 4,4 '-(fluorenyl) diphthalic anhydride, 3,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 4,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 4, And 4 '-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride.
- diamine examples include m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, 1,5-naphthalenediamine, 2,6-naphthalenediamine, 9,10-anthracenediamine, and 2,7-diamino.
- the polybenzoxazole precursor preferably has a ring closure rate of 10% to 60%.
- a ring closure rate of 10% to 60%.
- the photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention is applied to a substrate.
- the substrate may be a metal copper plating substrate, a silicon wafer, and the material may be ceramics, gallium arsenide, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
- the coating method include spin coating using a spinner, spray coating, and roll coating.
- the coating film thickness varies depending on the coating method, the solid content concentration of the composition, the viscosity, and the like, but is usually applied so that the film thickness after drying is 0.1 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the substrate can be pretreated with the above-mentioned silane coupling agent.
- Surface treatment is performed by spin coating, dipping, spray coating, steam treatment or the like. In some cases, a heat treatment is subsequently performed at 50 ° C. to 300 ° C. to advance the reaction between the substrate and the silane coupling agent.
- the substrate coated with the photosensitive resin composition is dried to obtain a photosensitive resin composition film. Drying is preferably performed using an oven, a hot plate, infrared rays, or the like in the range of 50 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 1 minute to several hours.
- exposure is performed by irradiating the photosensitive resin composition film with actinic radiation through a mask having a desired pattern.
- actinic radiation there are ultraviolet rays, visible rays, electron beams, X-rays and the like.
- developers include tetramethylammonium hydroxide, diethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, triethylamine, diethylamine, methylamine, dimethylamine, dimethylaminoethyl acetate, dimethylaminoethanol, dimethyl
- an alkaline compound such as aminoethyl methacrylate, cyclohexylamine, ethylenediamine or hexamethylenediamine is preferred.
- these alkaline solutions may contain polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ⁇ -butyrolactone, dimethylacrylamide, methanol, ethanol, Alcohols such as isopropanol, esters such as ethyl lactate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ketones such as cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, isobutyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone may be added singly or in combination. Good. After development, it is preferable to rinse with water. Here, alcohols such as ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, and esters such as ethyl lactate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate may be added to water for rinsing treatment.
- polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide
- a temperature of 150 ° C. to 320 ° C. is applied to advance the thermal crosslinking reaction, thereby improving heat resistance and chemical resistance.
- This heat treatment is carried out for 5 minutes to 5 hours by selecting the temperature and raising the temperature stepwise, or by selecting a temperature range and continuously raising the temperature. As an example, heat treatment is performed at 130 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes each.
- the lower limit of the curing conditions in the present invention is preferably 170 ° C. or higher, but more preferably 180 ° C. or higher in order to sufficiently cure.
- the upper limit of the curing condition is preferably 280 ° C. or lower. However, since the present invention provides a cured film particularly excellent in low-temperature curability, 250 ° C. or lower is more preferable.
- the heat-resistant resin film formed from the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention can be used for electronic parts such as semiconductor devices and multilayer wiring boards. Specifically, it is suitably used for applications such as a semiconductor passivation film, a semiconductor element surface protective film, an interlayer insulating film, an interlayer insulating film of a multilayer wiring for high-density mounting, and an insulating layer of an organic electroluminescent element. It is not limited to this, and various structures can be taken.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pad portion of a semiconductor device having a bump according to the present invention.
- a passivation film 3 is formed on an input / output aluminum (hereinafter abbreviated as “Al”) pad 2 in the silicon wafer 1, and a via hole is formed in the passivation film 3.
- the insulating film 4 is formed as a pattern of a cured film obtained by curing the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, and further, a metal (Cr, Ti, etc.) film 5 is formed so as to be connected to the Al pad 2; Metal wiring (Al, Cu, etc.) 6 is formed by electrolytic plating or the like.
- the metal film 5 etches the periphery of the solder bump 10 to insulate between the pads.
- a barrier metal 8 and a solder bump 10 are formed on the insulated pad.
- the cured film obtained by curing the photosensitive resin composition of the insulating film 7 can be subjected to thick film processing in the scribe line 9.
- the resin of the present invention is excellent in mechanical characteristics, stress from the sealing resin can be relieved even during mounting, so that damage to the low-k layer can be prevented and a highly reliable semiconductor device can be provided.
- FIG. 2a of FIG. 2 an input / output Al pad 2 and a passivation film 3 are formed on a silicon wafer 1, and an insulating film 4 is formed as a pattern of a cured film obtained by curing the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention. .
- a metal (Cr, Ti, etc.) film 5 is formed so as to be connected to the Al pad 2, and as shown in 2c of FIG. 2, the metal wiring 6 is formed by a plating method. Form a film.
- the photosensitive resin composition before curing of the present invention is applied, and an insulating film 7 is formed in a pattern as shown in 2d of FIG. 2 through a photolithography process.
- the photosensitive resin composition before curing of the insulating film 7 is subjected to thick film processing in the scribe line 9.
- each layer can be formed by repeating the above steps.
- a barrier metal 8 and a solder bump 10 are formed. Then, the wafer is diced along the last scribe line 9 and cut into chips. If the insulating film 7 has no pattern formed on the scribe line 9 or if a residue remains, cracks or the like occur during dicing, which affects the reliability evaluation of the chip. For this reason, it is very preferable to provide pattern processing excellent in thick film processing as in the present invention in order to obtain high reliability of the semiconductor device.
- the varnish was applied by spin coating using a coating / developing apparatus ACT-8 so that the film thickness after pre-baking on a silicon wafer at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes would be 10 ⁇ m.
- the temperature was raised to 220 to 320 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 3.5 ° C./min at an oxygen concentration of 20 ppm or less in a nitrogen stream, and 1 at 220 to 320 ° C. Heat treatment was performed for a time. When the temperature is 50 ° C.
- the silicon wafer was taken out and immersed in 45% by mass of hydrofluoric acid for 5 minutes to peel off the cured film of the resin composition from the wafer.
- This film was cut into strips having a width of 1 cm and a length of 9 cm, and using Tensilon RTM-100 (manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.) at a room temperature of 23.0 ° C. and a humidity of 45.0% RH, a tensile rate of 50 mm /
- the sample was pulled in minutes and the elongation at break was measured. The measurement was performed on 10 strips per specimen, and the average value of the top 5 points was obtained from the results.
- a value of elongation at break of 60% or more is considered to be very good, 4, 20% or more and less than 60% is considered good, 3 is 10% or more and less than 20% is allowed, and 2 or less is less than 10% It was evaluated as 1 as a failure.
- Adhesion evaluation with metallic copper was performed by the following method. First, varnish was applied on a metal copper plating substrate having a thickness of about 3 ⁇ m by a spin coater using a spinner (Mikasa Co., Ltd.), and then a hot plate (D-SPIN made by Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd.) was applied. Then, it was baked for 3 minutes on a hot plate at 120 ° C., and finally a pre-baked film having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m was produced. Using an inert oven CLH-21CD-S (manufactured by Koyo Thermo System Co., Ltd.), this film was heated to 220-320 ° C.
- CLH-21CD-S manufactured by Koyo Thermo System Co., Ltd.
- the ring closure rate here refers to the ring closure rate of the polybenzoxazole precursor structural unit.
- a cured film was produced from the varnish, and the ring closure rate was calculated.
- the ring closure rate in this example was calculated by spin-coating varnish on a silicon wafer and drying at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes to obtain a coating film having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m. Furthermore, this coating film was heated at 220 ° C. for 10 minutes or 320 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a cured film (cured film (A) heated at 220 ° C., cured film (B) heated at 320 ° C.). The ring closure rate of the cured film (A) at 220 ° C.
- the heating temperature of the cured film (A) is the curing temperature of the cured film.
- the heating temperature 320 ° C. of the cured film (B) is a temperature at which the component (A) in the cured film is completely cured (the curing rate becomes 100%).
- the thermal decomposition temperature of the cured film can be analyzed by thermogravimetry (TGA).
- the wafer was taken out and immersed in 45% by mass of hydrofluoric acid for 5 minutes to peel off the resin composition film from the wafer.
- This film was cut into strips having a width of 1 cm and a length of 9 cm, and using Tensilon RTM-100 (manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.) at a room temperature of 23.0 ° C and a humidity of 45.0% RH, a tensile rate of 5 mm /
- the sample was pulled in minutes and the elongation at break was measured. The measurement was performed on 10 strips per specimen, and the average value of the top 5 points was obtained from the results.
- the value of elongation at break of 60% or more is very good, 4, 20% or more but less than 60% is good, 3, 10% or more and less than 20% is acceptable, 2 or less than 10% is bad It was set to 1.
- the substrate was taken out, and a 10-row, 10-column grid-like cut was made at intervals of 2 mm using a single blade on the cured film.
- the sample substrate was subjected to a heat storage treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours using a high-temperature storage tester, and then the above-described peeling test was performed. In any of the substrates, the number of peels in the peeling test was 0, indicating that the number of peeling was extremely good, 4, 1 or more, but less than 20, good, 3, 20 or more, but less than 50, or 2, 50 or more, and 1 as bad.
- RT-1000 containing propylene oxide and tetramethylene ether glycol structures (20.00 g, 0.020 mol), 1,3-bis (3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane (1.24 g, 0.0050). Mol), PBOM (14.33 g, 0.044 mol) was added together with 50 g of NMP and reacted at 85 ° C. for 1 hour. Further, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride (3.94 g, 0.024 mol) was added as a terminal blocking agent together with 10 g of NMP and reacted at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, acetic acid (52.82 g, 0.88 mol) was added together with 87 g of NMP, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. After stirring, the solution was poured into 3 L of water to obtain a white precipitate. This precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water three times, and then dried for 3 days in a ventilator at 50 ° C. to obtain an alkali-soluble polyamide resin (A-1) powder.
- the resin (A-1) had a weight average molecular weight of 40,000 and PDI of 2.2.
- Synthesis Example 2 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-2) RT-1000 (20.00 g, 0 containing BAHF (29.30 g, 0.080 mol), propylene oxide and tetramethylene ether glycol structure under a dry nitrogen stream .020 mol) was dissolved in 205 g of NMP. To this, PBOM (28.67 g, 0.080 mol) was added together with 20 g of NMP and reacted at 85 ° C. for 3 hours.
- A-2 Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin
- HFHA 2,2′-bis [N- (3-aminobenzoyl) -3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl] hexafluoropropane
- 1, 3-Bis (3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane (1.49 g, 0.0060 mol) was added together with 20 g of NMP and reacted at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride (6.57 g, 0.040 mol) was added as a terminal blocking agent together with 10 g of NMP and reacted at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (hereinafter referred to as ODPA) (2.17 g, 0.0070 mol) was added together with 30 g of NMP and reacted at 85 ° C. for 1 hour.
- ODPA 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride
- the solution was poured into 3 L of water to obtain a white precipitate.
- the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water three times, and then dried for 3 days with a ventilating dryer at 50 ° C. to obtain an alkali-soluble polyamide resin (A-2) powder.
- the resin (A-2) had a weight average molecular weight of 31,600 and PDI of 1.9.
- Synthesis Example 3 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-3) According to Synthesis Example 2, BAHF (32.96 g, 0.090 mol), PBOM (29.38 g, 0.082 mol), RT-1000 (10.
- Synthesis Example 4 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-4) According to Synthesis Example 1, BAHF (27.47 g, 0.075 mol), PBOM (30.10 g, 0.084 mol), propylene oxide and ethylene glycol structure ED-900 (9.00 g, 0.020 mol), 1,3-bis (3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane (1.24 g, 0.0050 mol), 5-norbornene-2,3- Dicarboxylic acid anhydride (5.25 g, 0.032 mol), acetic acid (48.02 g, 0.80 mol), and NMP 409 g were used in the same manner to obtain an alkali-soluble polyamide resin (A-4) powder. As a result of evaluation by the above method, the resin (A-4) had a weight average molecular weight of 34,500 and PDI of 2.1.
- Synthesis Example 5 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-5) According to Synthesis Example 2, BAHF (29.30 g, 0.080 mol), PBOM (30.10 g, 0.084 mol), ED-900 (18.
- Synthesis Example 6 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-6) According to Synthesis Example 2, BAHF (32.96 g, 0.090 mol), PBOM (30.10 g, 0.084 mol), ED-900 (9.
- Synthesis Example 7 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-7) According to Synthesis Example 1, BAHF (34.79 g, 0.095 mol), PBOM (31.53 g, 0.088 mol), 1,3-bis ( 3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane (1.24 g, 0.0050 mol), 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (3.94 g, 0.024 mol), acetic acid (52.82 g, 0 .50 mol) and 352 g of NMP were used in the same manner to obtain an alkali-soluble polyamide resin (A-7) powder. As a result of evaluation by the above method, the resin (A-7) had a weight average molecular weight of 35,800 and PDI of 2.5.
- Synthesis Example 8 Synthesis of poly (o-hydroxyamide) (A-8) 100 g of N-methylpyrrolidone was charged in a dry nitrogen stream, and 2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane (32 .96 g, 0.090 mol) and m-aminophenol (2.18 g, 0.020 mol) were added and dissolved by stirring at room temperature, and the temperature of the reaction solution was kept at ⁇ 10 to 0 ° C.
- Synthesis Example 9 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-9) According to Synthesis Example 2, BAHF (32.96 g, 0.090 mol), PBOM (29.38 g, 0.082 mol), HT-1100 (11.
- Synthesis Example 10 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-10) According to Synthesis Example 2, BAHF (32.96 g, 0.090 mol), PBOM (29.38 g, 0.082 mol), HT-1700 (17.
- the solution was poured into 3 L of water to obtain a white precipitate.
- the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water three times, and then dried for 3 days with a ventilator at 50 ° C. to obtain a powder of a closed ring polyimide resin (A-11).
- the imidation ratio of the obtained resin was 97%.
- the weight average molecular weight of the resin (A-11) was 38,800, and the PDI was. 1.9.
- Synthesis Example 12 Synthesis of Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin (A-12) 27.2 g (0.4 mol) of imidazole was placed in a 250 ml three-necked flask under a nitrogen stream and dissolved in 100 g of NMP with stirring at room temperature. While maintaining this at ⁇ 10 to 0 ° C., a liquid in which dodecanedioic acid dichloride (26.72 g, 0.1 mol) was dissolved in 100 g of NMP was added so that the temperature of the reaction solution did not exceed 0 ° C. It was added dropwise over time. After the dropping, the reaction solution was further stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, poured into 1 L of pure water, and the precipitate was filtered.
- A-12 Alkali-Soluble Polyamide Resin
- Synthesis Example 14 Synthesis of Alkali-soluble Polyamide Resin (A-14) 27.2 g (0.4 mol) of imidazole was placed in a 250 ml three-necked flask under a nitrogen stream, and dissolved in 100 g of NMP with stirring at room temperature. While maintaining this at ⁇ 10 to 0 ° C., a liquid in which sebacic acid dichloride (23.91 g, 0.1 mol) was dissolved in 100 g of NMP was added for 1 hour so that the temperature of the reaction solution did not exceed 0 ° C. It was dripped over. After the dropping, the reaction solution was further stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, poured into 1 L of pure water, and the precipitate was filtered.
- A-14 Alkali-soluble Polyamide Resin
- the amount in () of the thermal crosslinking agent indicates the amount (parts by mass) added to 100 parts by mass of the component (A).
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Abstract
Description
本発明のポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体は、アルカリ溶液溶解性の点から、p、またはqの値が1以上、4以下である繰り返し単位を全構造単位中に対し50%以上含むことが好ましく、70%以上含むことがより好ましい。
X1(COZ)2の構造を有するジカルボン酸誘導体としては、Zが炭素数1~12の有機基、もしくはハロゲン元素から選ばれた基であり、下記の構造式から選ばれた基であることが好ましい。
Y1(NH2)2の構造を有するジアミンとしては、例えば、m-フェニレンジアミン、p-フェニレンジアミン、3,5-ジアミノ安息香酸、1,5-ナフタレンジアミン、2,6-ナフタレンジアミン、9,10-アントラセンジアミン、2,7-ジアミノフルオレン、4,4’-ジアミノベンズアニリド、3,4’-ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、3-カルボキシ-4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、3-スルホン酸-4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、3,4’-ジアミノジフェニルメタン、4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルメタン、3,3’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、3,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、3,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルフィド、4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルフィド、4-アミノ安息香酸4-アミノフェニルエステル、9,9-ビス(4-アミノフェニル)フルオレン、1,3-ビス(4-アニリノ)テトラメチルジシロキサン、2,2’-ジメチル-4,4’-ジアミノビフェニル、2,2’-ジエチル-4,4’-ジアミノビフェニル、3,3’-ジメチル-4,4’-ジアミノビフェニル、3,3’-ジエチル-4,4’-ジアミノビフェニル、2,2’,3,3’-テトラメチル-4,4’-ジアミノビフェニル、3,3’,4,4’-テトラメチル-4,4’-ジアミノビフェニル、ビス(4-アミノフェノキシフェニル)スルホン、ビス(3-アミノフェノキシフェニル)スルホン、ビス(4-アミノフェノキシ)ビフェニル、ビス[4-(4-アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]エーテル、2,2-ビス[4-(4-アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]プロパン、2,2-ビス[4-(4-アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]ヘキサフルオロプロパン、1,4-ビス(4-アミノフェノキシ)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(3-アミノフェノキシ)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(4-アミノフェノキシ)ベンゼン、ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホン、ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン、ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)メチレン、ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エーテル、ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシ)ビフェニル、4,4’-ジアミノ-6,6’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)-[1,1’-ビフェニル]-3,3’-ジオール、9,9-ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン、2,2’-ビス[N-(3-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]プロパン、2,2’-ビス[N-(3-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]ヘキサフルオロプロパン、2,2’-ビス[N-(4-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]プロパン、2,2’-ビス[N-(4-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]ヘキサフルオロプロパン、ビス[N-(3-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]スルホン、ビス[N-(4-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]スルホン、9,9-ビス[N-(3-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]フルオレン、9,9-ビス[N-(4-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]フルオレン、N、N’-ビス(3-アミノベンゾイル)-2,5-ジアミノ-1,4-ジヒドロキシベンゼン、N、N’-ビス(4-アミノベンゾイル)-2,5-ジアミノ-1,4-ジヒドロキシベンゼン、N、N’-ビス(4-アミノベンゾイル)-4,4’-ジアミノ-3,3-ジヒドロキシビフェニル、N、N’-ビス(3-アミノベンゾイル)-3,3’-ジアミノ-4,4-ジヒドロキシビフェニル、N、N’-ビス(4-アミノベンゾイル)-3,3’-ジアミノ-4,4-ジヒドロキシビフェニル、2-(4-アミノフェニル)-5-アミノベンゾオキサゾール、2-(3-アミノフェニル)-5-アミノベンゾオキサゾール、2-(4-アミノフェニル)-6-アミノベンゾオキサゾール、2-(3-アミノフェニル)-6-アミノベンゾオキサゾール、1,4-ビス(5-アミノ-2-ベンゾオキサゾリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(6-アミノ-2-ベンゾオキサゾリル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(5-アミノ-2-ベンゾオキサゾリル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(6-アミノ-2-ベンゾオキサゾリル)ベンゼン、2,6-ビス(4-アミノフェニル)ベンゾビスオキサゾール、2,6-ビス(3-アミノフェニル)ベンゾビスオキサゾール、ビス[(3-アミノフェニル)-5-ベンゾオキサゾリル]、ビス[(4-アミノフェニル)-5-ベンゾオキサゾリル]、ビス[(3-アミノフェニル)-6-ベンゾオキサゾリル]、ビス[(4-アミノフェニル)-6-ベンゾオキサゾリル]などの芳香族ジアミンや、これらの芳香族環の水素原子の一部を、炭素数1~10のアルキル基やフルオロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子などで置換した化合物、下記に示す構造であるものなどを挙げることができるが、これらに限定されない。共重合させる他のジアミンは、そのまま、あるいは対応するジイソシアネート化合物、トリメチルシリル化ジアミンとして使用できる。また、これら2種以上のジアミン成分を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
一般式(2)で表される構造単位を有するジアミンとしては例えば、エチレンジアミン、1,3-ジアミノプロパン、2-メチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン、1,4-ジアミノブタン、1,5-ジアミノペンタン、2-メチル-1,5-ジアミノペンタン、1,6-ジアミノヘキサン、1,7-ジアミノヘプタン、1,8-ジアミノオクタン、1,9-ジアミノノナン、1,10-ジアミノデカン、1,11-ジアミノウンデカン、1,12-ジアミノドデカン、1,2-シクロヘキサンジアミン、1,3-シクロヘキサンジアミン、1,4-シクロヘキサンジアミン、1,2-ビス(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン、1,3-ビス(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン、4,4’-メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルアミン)、4,4’-メチレンビス(2-メチルシクロヘキシルアミン)、KH-511、ED-600、ED-900、ED-2003、EDR-148、EDR-176、D-200、D-400、D-2000、THF-100、THF-140、THF-170、RE-600、RE-900、RE-2000、RP-405、RP-409、RP-2005、RP-2009、RT-1000、HE-1000、HT-1100、HT-1700、(以上商品名、HUNTSMAN(株)製)などが挙げられるが、アルキレンオキシド構造を含むことがより柔軟性が増し高伸度化できる点で好ましい。また、―S―、―SO―、―SO2―、―NH―、―NCH3―、―N(CH2CH3)―、―N(CH2CH2CH3)―、―N(CH(CH3)2)―、―COO―、―CONH―、―OCONH―、―NHCONH―などの結合を含んでもよい。
また、(D)成分の添加量は、(A)成分100質量部に対し、0.1~10質量部が好ましい。添加量を0.1質量部以上とすることで、金属材料に対する密着性の効果を十分に得ることができ、また10質量部以下とすることで、本発明に用いられる感光性樹脂組成物がポジ型の場合には、感光剤との相互作用により、硬化前のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の感度低下を抑制できるため好ましい。
(E)成分は、酸化防止剤として作用することで、(A)成分の脂肪族基やフェノール性水酸基の酸化劣化を抑制する。また、金属材料への防錆作用により、金属材料の酸化を抑制することができる。
本発明で用いる(F)成分のR25およびR26は、各々独立に、水素原子またはメチル基を示す。また、R24は炭素数2以上のアルキレン基を有する2価の有機基であり、直鎖状、分岐状、および環状のいずれでもよい。R24は、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルキルエーテル基、アルキルシリル基、アルコキシシリル基、アリール基、アリールエーテル基、カルボキシル基、カルボニル基、アリル基、ビニル基、複素環基、またそれらを組み合わせたものなどが挙げられ、さらに置換基を有していてもよい。
本発明に用いる(F)成分は、上記構造の中でも、耐熱性と機械特性を両立する点から、n2は1~2、n3は3~7であることが好ましい。
(A)構造単位を有する樹脂の重量平均分子量(Mw)は、GPC(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー)装置Waters2690-996(日本ウォーターズ(株)製)を用いて確認した。展開溶媒をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(以降NMPと呼ぶ)として測定し、ポリスチレン換算で重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分散度(PDI=Mw/Mn)を計算した。
ワニスを、シリコンウエハ上に120℃で3分間プリベークを行った後の膜厚が10μmとなるように塗布現像装置ACT-8を用いてスピンコート法で塗布し、プリベークした後、イナートオーブンCLH-21CD-Sを用いて、窒素気流下において酸素濃度20ppm以下で毎分3.5℃の昇温速度で220~320℃まで昇温し、220~320℃で1時間加熱処理を行なった。温度が50℃以下になったところでシリコンウエハを取り出し、その硬化膜を有機薬液(ジメチルスルホキシド:25%水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム水溶液=92:2)に65℃で60分間浸漬させ、パターンの剥がれや溶出の有無を観察した。その結果が、パターンの剥がれや溶出なしの場合は良好として2、パターンの剥がれや溶出が観測された場合は不良として1、と評価した。
ワニスを8インチのシリコンウエハ上に、120℃で3分間のプリベーク後の膜厚が11μmとなるように塗布現像装置ACT-8を用いてスピンコート法で塗布およびプリベークした後、イナートオーブンCLH-21CD-S(光洋サーモシステム(株)製)を用いて、酸素濃度20ppm以下で3.5℃/分で220℃まで昇温し、220℃で1時間加熱処理を行なった。温度が50℃以下になったところでシリコンウエハを取り出し、45質量%のフッ化水素酸に5分間浸漬することで、ウエハより樹脂組成物の硬化膜を剥がした。この膜を幅1cm、長さ9cmの短冊状に切断し、テンシロンRTM-100((株)オリエンテック製)を用いて、室温23.0℃、湿度45.0%RH下で引張速度50mm/分で引っ張り、破断点伸度の測定を行なった。測定は1検体につき10枚の短冊について行ない、結果から上位5点の平均値を求めた。破断点伸度の値が60%以上のものを極めて良好として4、20%以上60%未満のものを良好として3、10%以上20%未満のものを可として2、10%未満のものを不良として1、と評価した。
次の方法にて金属銅との密着性評価を行なった。
まず、厚さ約3μmの金属銅めっき基板上にワニスをスピンナ(ミカサ(株)製)を用いてスピンコート法で塗布し、次いでホットプレート(大日本スクリーン製造(株)製D-SPIN)を用いて120℃のホットプレートで3分ベークし、最終的に厚さ8μmのプリベーク膜を作製した。この膜をイナートオーブンCLH-21CD-S(光洋サーモシステム(株)製)を用いて、酸素濃度20ppm以下で3.5℃/分で220~320℃まで昇温し、220~320℃で1時間加熱処理を行なった。温度が50℃以下になったところで基板を取り出し、基板を2分割し、それぞれの基板についてキュア後の膜に片刃を使用して2mm間隔で10行10列の碁盤目状の切り込みをいれた。このうち一方のサンプル基板を用い、“セロテープ”(登録商標)による引き剥がしによって100マスのうち何マス剥がれたかで金属材料/樹脂硬化膜間の接着特性の評価を行なった。また、もう一方のサンプル基板については、プレッシャークッカー試験(PCT)装置(タバイエスペエック(株)製HAST CHAMBER EHS-211MD)を用いて121℃、2気圧の飽和条件で400時間PCT処理を行なった後、上記の引き剥がしテストを行なった。いずれの基板についても引き剥がしテストで剥がれ個数が0を極めて良好として4、1以上20未満を良好として3、20以上50未満を可として2、50以上を不良として1とした。
得られた硬化膜(A)を300~350℃で加熱した硬化膜(B)を得た。これらの硬化膜(A)、および硬化膜(B)の赤外吸収スペクトルを測定し、1050cm-1付近のC-O伸縮振動に起因するピークの吸光度を求めた。赤外吸収スペクトルの測定は、測定装置として「FT-720」(商品名、株式会社堀場製作所製)を使用した。硬化膜(B)の閉環率を100%として、次の式から硬化膜(A)の閉環率を算出した。ここでいう閉環率とは、ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体構造単位の閉環率を示す。本実施例では、ワニスより硬化膜を作製し、閉環率の算出を行った。本実施例における閉環率の算出は、ワニスをシリコンウエハ上にスピンコートして、120℃で3分間乾燥し、膜厚5μmの塗布膜を得た。さらにこの塗布膜を220℃で10分、または320℃で10分加熱して硬化膜(220℃で加熱した硬化膜(A)、320℃で加熱した硬化膜(B))を得た。これらの硬化膜(A)、および硬化膜(B)を用いて次の式から220℃での硬化膜(A)の閉環率を算出した。硬化膜(A)の加熱温度が硬化膜の硬化温度である。硬化膜(B)の加熱温度320℃は、硬化膜中の(A)成分が完全に硬化する(硬化率100%となる)温度である。硬化膜の熱分解温度は熱重量減少測定(TGA)により分析できる。
次の方法にて信頼性評価を行なった。
ワニスを8インチのシリコンウエハ上に、120℃で3分間のプリベーク後の膜厚が11μmとなるように塗布現像装置ACT-8を用いてスピンコート法で塗布およびプリベークした後、イナートオーブンCLH-21CD-S(光洋サーモシステム(株)製)を用いて、酸素濃度20ppm以下で3.5℃/分で220℃まで昇温し、220℃で1時間加熱処理を行なった。温度が50℃以下になったところでウエハを取り出し、次に、高温保存試験機を用いて、150℃で500時間処理を行った。ウエハを取り出し、45質量%のフッ化水素酸に5分間浸漬することで、ウエハから樹脂組成物の膜を剥がした。この膜を幅1cm、長さ9cmの短冊状に切断し、テンシロンRTM-100((株)オリエンテック製)を用いて、室温23.0℃、湿度45.0%RH下で引張速度5mm/分で引っ張り、破断点伸度の測定を行なった。測定は1検体につき10枚の短冊について行ない、結果から上位5点の平均値を求めた。破断点伸度の値が60%以上のものをきわめて良好として4、20%以上60%未満のものを良好として3、10%以上20%未満のものを可2、10%未満のものを不良1とした。
厚さ約3μmの金属銅めっき基板上にワニスをスピンナ(ミカサ(株)製)を用いてスピンコート法で塗布し、次いでホットプレート(大日本スクリーン製造(株)製D-SPIN)を用いて120℃のホットプレートで3分ベークし、最終的に厚さ8μmのプリベーク膜を作製した。この膜をイナートオーブンCLH-21CD-S(光洋サーモシステム(株)製)を用いて、酸素濃度20ppm以下で3.5℃/分で220℃まで昇温し、220℃で1時間加熱処理を行なった。温度が50℃以下になったところで基板を取り出し、キュア後の膜に片刃を使用して2mm間隔で10行10列の碁盤目状の切り込みをいれた。このサンプル基板について、高温保存試験機を用いて150℃で500時間加熱保存処理を行なった後、上記の引き剥がしテストを行なった。いずれの基板についても引き剥がしテストで剥がれ個数が0を極めて良好として4、1以上20未満を良好として3、20以上50未満を可として2、50以上を不良として1とした。
乾燥窒素気流下、2,2-ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン(以降BAHFと呼ぶ)(27.47g、0.075モル)をNMP257gに溶解させた。ここに、1,1’-(4,4’-オキシベンゾイル)ジイミダゾール(以降PBOMと呼ぶ)(17.20g、0.048モル)をNMP20gとともに加えて、85℃で3時間反応させた。続いて、プロピレンオキシド及びテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール構造を含むRT-1000(20.00g、0.020モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.24g、0.0050モル)、PBOM(14.33g、0.044モル)をNMP50gとともに加えて、85℃で1時間反応させた。さらに、末端封止剤として、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(3.94g、0.024モル)をNMP10gとともに加えて、85℃で30分反応させた。反応終了後、室温まで冷却し、酢酸(52.82g、0.88モル)をNMP87gとともに加えて、室温で1時間攪拌した。攪拌終了後、溶液を水3Lに投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、50℃の通風乾燥機で3日間乾燥し、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-1)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-1)の重量平均分子量は40,000、PDIは2.2であった。
乾燥窒素気流下、BAHF(29.30g、0.080モル)、プロピレンオキシド及びテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール構造を含むRT-1000(20.00g、0.020モル)をNMP205gに溶解させた。ここに、PBOM(28.67g、0.080モル)をNMP20gとともに加えて、85℃で3時間反応させた。続いて、2,2’-ビス[N-(3-アミノベンゾイル)-3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]ヘキサフルオロプロパン(以降HFHAと呼ぶ)(0.60g、0.0010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)をNMP20gとともに加えて、85℃で30分反応させた。続いて、末端封止剤として、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(6.57g、0.040モル)をNMP10gとともに加えて、85℃で30分反応させた。さらに、4,4’-オキシジフタル酸無水物(以降ODPAと呼ぶ)(2.17g、0.0070モル)をNMP30gとともに加えて、85℃で1時間反応させた。反応終了後、室温まで冷却し、酢酸(48.02g、0.80モル)をNMP67gとともに加えて、室温で1時間攪拌した。攪拌終了後、溶液を水3Lに投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、50℃の通風乾燥機で3日間乾燥し、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-2)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-2)の重量平均分子量は31,600、PDIは1.9であった。
前記合成例2に従って、BAHF(32.96g、0.090モル)、PBOM(29.38g、0.082モル)、RT-1000(10.00g、0.010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.91g、0.036モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(49.22g、0.82モル)、NMP360gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-3)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-3)の重量平均分子量は30,200、PDIは2.2であった。
前記合成例1に従って、BAHF(27.47g、0.075モル)、PBOM(30.10g、0.084モル)、プロピレンオキシド及びエチレングリコール構造を含むED-900(9.00g、0.020モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.24g、0.0050モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.25g、0.032モル)、酢酸(48.02g、0.80モル)、NMP409gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-4)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-4)の重量平均分子量は34,500、PDIは2.1であった。
前記合成例2に従って、BAHF(29.30g、0.080モル)、PBOM(30.10g、0.084モル)、ED-900(18.00g、0.020モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.25g、0.032モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(50.42g、0.84モル)、NMP340gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-5)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-5)の重量平均分子量は33,200、PDIは2.0であった。
前記合成例2に従って、BAHF(32.96g、0.090モル)、PBOM(30.10g、0.084モル)、ED-900(9.00g、0.010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.25g、0.032モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(50.42g、0.84モル)、NMP360gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-6)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-6)の重量平均分子量は32,200、PDIは2.2であった。
前記合成例1に従って、BAHF(34.79g、0.095モル)、PBOM(31.53g、0.088モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.24g、0.0050モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(3.94g、0.024モル)、酢酸(52.82g、0.50モル)、NMP352gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-7)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-7)の重量平均分子量は35,800、PDIは2.5であった。
乾燥窒素気流下、N-メチルピロリドン100gを仕込み、2,2-ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン(32.96g、0.090モル)、m-アミノフェノール(2.18g、0.020モル)を添加し、室温で攪拌溶解した後、反応溶液の温度を-10~0℃に保ちながら、ドデカン二酸ジクロリド(20.04g、0.075モル)を10分間で滴下した後、4,4’-ジフェニルエーテルジカルボン酸クロリド(7.38g、0.025モル)を加え、室温で3時間攪拌を続けた。反応溶液を3リットルの水に投入し、析出物を回収、純水で3回洗浄した後、50℃の通風乾燥機で3日間乾燥し、ポリ(o-ヒドロキシアミド)(A-8)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-8)の重量平均分子量は31,000、PDIは2.3であった。
前記合成例2に従って、BAHF(32.96g、0.090モル)、PBOM(29.38g、0.082モル)、HT-1100(11.00g、0.010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.91g、0.036モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(49.22g、0.50モル)、NMP360gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-9)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-9)の重量平均分子量は31,200、PDIは2.3であった。
前記合成例2に従って、BAHF(32.96g、0.090モル)、PBOM(29.38g、0.082モル)、HT-1700(17.00g、0.010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.91g、0.036モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(49.22g、0.50モル)、NMP360gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-10)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-10)の重量平均分子量は32,100、PDIは2.4であった。
乾燥窒素気流下、BAHF(11.9g、0.0325モル)、RT-1000(15.0g、0.015モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(0.62g、0.0025モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸(0.82g、0.005モル)、をNMP125gに溶解させた。ここに4,4’-オキシジフタル酸無水物(13.95g、0.045モル)をNMP25gとともに加えて、60℃で1時間攪拌し、次いで180℃で4時間撹拌した。撹拌終了後、溶液を水3Lに投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、50℃の通風乾燥機で3日間乾燥し既閉環ポリイミド樹脂(A-11)の粉末を得た。得られた樹脂のイミド化率は97%であった。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-11)の重量平均分子量は38,800、PDIは.1.9であった。
窒素気流下、250mlの三頸フラスコ中にイミダゾール27.2g(0.4モル)を入れ、NMP100gに室温で攪拌溶解させた。これを-10~0℃に保ちながら、ドデカン二酸ジクロリド(26.72g、0.1モル)を100gのNMPに溶解させた液体を、反応溶液の温度が0℃を越えないようにして1時間かけて滴下した。滴下後、室温にて反応溶液をさらに3時間攪拌し、1Lの純水に投入して沈殿物を濾過した。濾過した沈殿物を純水で数回洗浄し、50℃の真空オーブンで100時間乾燥して、下記式で示される酸Aを得た。
続いて、前記合成例2に従って、BAHF(32.96g、0.090モル)、PBOM(7.17g、0.020モル)、酸A(20.49g、0.062モル)、RT-1000(10.00g、0.010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.91g、0.036モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(49.22g、0.82モル)、NMP360gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-12)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-12)の重量平均分子量は31,200、PDIは2.3であった。
前記合成例12に従って、BAHF(32.96g、0.090モル)、PBOM(14.69g、0.041モル)、酸A(13.55g、0.041モル)、RT-1000(10.00g、0.010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.91g、0.036モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(49.22g、0.82モル)、NMP360gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-13)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-13)の重量平均分子量は30,800、PDIは2.3であった。
窒素気流下、250mlの三頸フラスコ中にイミダゾール27.2g(0.4モル)を入れ、NMP100gに室温で攪拌溶解させた。これを-10~0℃に保ちながら、セバシン酸ジクロリド(23.91g、0.1モル)を100gのNMPに溶解させた液体を、反応溶液の温度が0℃を越えないようにして1時間かけて滴下した。滴下後、室温にて反応溶液をさらに3時間攪拌し、1Lの純水に投入して沈殿物を濾過した。濾過した沈殿物を純水で数回洗浄し、50℃の真空オーブンで100時間乾燥して、下記式で示される酸Bを得た。
続いて、前記合成例2に従って、BAHF(32.96g、0.090モル)、PBOM(7.17g、0.020モル)、酸B(18.75g、0.062モル)、RT-1000(10.00g、0.010モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(1.49g、0.0060モル)、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物(5.91g、0.036モル)、HFHA(0.60g、0.0010モル)、ODPA(2.17g、0.0070モル)、酢酸(49.22g、0.82モル)、NMP360gを用いて同様に行い、アルカリ可溶性ポリアミド樹脂(A-14)の粉末を得た。上記の方法で評価した結果、樹脂(A-14)の重量平均分子量は29,200、PDIは2.3であった。
得られた樹脂(A-1~A-10、A-12)10gに(B)成分として下記式で表される光酸発生剤を2.0g、(C)成分としてHMOM-TPHAP(C1)を1.0gとMW-100LM(C2)を0.5g加え、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトンを20g加えてワニスを作製し、これらの特性を上記評価方法により測定した。得られた結果を表1に示す。
得られた樹脂(A-3、A-8、A-10、A-11~A-14)10gに(B)成分として下記式で表される光酸発生剤を2.0g、(C)成分としてHMOM-TPHAP(C1)を0.5gとMW-100LM(C2)を0.5g加え、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトンを20g加えてワニスを作製し、さらに下記式で表される(D-1)、(D-2)、(E-1)、(E-2)、(F)をそれぞれ表2の質量部で加えてワニスを作製し、これらの特性を上記評価方法により測定した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
2 Alパッド
3 パッシベーション膜
4 絶縁膜
5 金属(Cr、Ti等)膜
6 金属配線(Al、Cu等)
7 絶縁膜
8 バリアメタル
9 スクライブライン
10 ハンダバンプ
Claims (17)
- ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体を含有する感光性樹脂組成物を硬化した硬化膜であって、ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体がポリベンゾオキサゾールに閉環している割合が10%以上60%以下であることを特徴とする硬化膜。
- 前記一般式(2)で表されるポリエーテル構造単位の含有量が全ジアミン残基中5~40モル%である請求項3に記載の硬化膜。
- 前記一般式(2)で表されるポリエーテル構造単位の分子量が150以上2,000以下である、請求項3または4に記載の硬化膜。
- 前記一般式(2)で表されるポリエーテル構造単位がテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール構造単位を有する請求項3~5のいずれかに記載の硬化膜。
- 前記感光性樹脂組成物が、さらに、(B)光により酸を発生する化合物、および(C)熱架橋剤を含有する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の硬化膜。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬化膜を製造する方法であって、前記感光性樹脂組成物を基板上に塗布し、乾燥して感光性樹脂膜を形成する工程または前記感光性樹脂組成物から形成された感光性シートを基材上にラミネートして感光性樹脂膜を形成する工程と、前記感光性樹脂膜を露光する工程と、現像する工程と、加熱処理する工程を含む、硬化膜の製造方法。
- 前記感光性樹脂膜を加熱処理する工程が170℃以上250℃以下の温度で加熱処理する工程を含む、請求項11に記載の硬化膜の製造方法。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬化膜が配置された、層間絶縁膜または半導体保護膜。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬化膜のレリーフパターン層を有する、半導体電子部品または半導体装置。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬化膜が再配線間の層間絶縁膜として配置された、半導体電子部品または半導体装置。
- 前記再配線と層間絶縁膜が2~10層繰り返し配置された、請求項15に記載の半導体電子部品または半導体装置。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬化膜が2種以上の材質で構成される隣接する基板の層間絶縁膜として配置された、半導体電子部品または半導体装置。
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JP2021508072A (ja) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-02-25 | メルク、パテント、ゲゼルシャフト、ミット、ベシュレンクテル、ハフツングMerck Patent GmbH | アルカリ可溶性樹脂および架橋剤を含んでなるネガ型リフトオフレジスト組成物、並びに基板上に金属膜パターンを製造する方法 |
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JP2021508072A (ja) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-02-25 | メルク、パテント、ゲゼルシャフト、ミット、ベシュレンクテル、ハフツングMerck Patent GmbH | アルカリ可溶性樹脂および架橋剤を含んでなるネガ型リフトオフレジスト組成物、並びに基板上に金属膜パターンを製造する方法 |
JP7189217B2 (ja) | 2017-12-28 | 2022-12-13 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | アルカリ可溶性樹脂および架橋剤を含んでなるネガ型リフトオフレジスト組成物、並びに基板上に金属膜パターンを製造する方法 |
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