WO2017080379A1 - 像素补偿电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板以及显示装置 - Google Patents

像素补偿电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板以及显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2017080379A1
WO2017080379A1 PCT/CN2016/103971 CN2016103971W WO2017080379A1 WO 2017080379 A1 WO2017080379 A1 WO 2017080379A1 CN 2016103971 W CN2016103971 W CN 2016103971W WO 2017080379 A1 WO2017080379 A1 WO 2017080379A1
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Prior art keywords
transistor
signal
control
reset
module
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PCT/CN2016/103971
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王博
玄明花
马占洁
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
鄂尔多斯市源盛光电有限责任公司
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Priority to US15/529,301 priority Critical patent/US10255859B2/en
Publication of WO2017080379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017080379A1/zh

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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of active matrix organic light emitting diode display, and more particularly to a pixel compensation circuit for an active matrix organic light emitting diode panel display and a driving method thereof, an array substrate including the pixel compensation circuit, and corresponding Display device.
  • AMOLED Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode
  • LTPS-LCD Low Temperature Poly-silicon liquid crystal Display
  • AMOLED Compared with traditional display technology, AMOLED has the following advantages:
  • AMOLED does not require liquid crystal, and can realize self-luminous light only through a very thin organic light emitting layer, so AMOLED can be made lighter and thinner, and it is required to be lighter and thinner in the market.
  • AMOLED has an insurmountable advantage over thin machines;
  • AMOLED can break through the traditional RGB pixel arrangement constraint, can achieve the pixel structure of the pentle, achieve high resolution effect;
  • AMOLED is the principle of autonomous illumination to achieve display. When the picture shows black, the pixel does not emit light, and the LCD is also in working state when displaying black. Therefore, in comparison, AMOLED can not only achieve high contrast, but also reduce power consumption. Power saving effect;
  • AMOLED can realize flexible display, and the circuit of AMOLED can be realized on flexible substrate by using special process to realize flexible display;
  • AMOLED and SUPER AMOLED have very wide color gamut, but color cast.
  • AMOLED has very strict requirements on the process. From the fabrication of the driver circuit and the subsequent evaporation of the organic light-emitting layer, it is difficult, which is why at this stage, the breakthrough rate of AMOLED production is achieved. The challenges that need to be considered.
  • OLED refers to a phenomenon in which an organic semiconductor material and a luminescent material are driven by an electric field to cause luminescence by carrier injection and recombination.
  • the principle of OLED illumination is ITO (Indium Tin Oxides, indium tin) Metal oxide)
  • the transparent electrode and the metal electrode serve as the anode and cathode of the device, respectively.
  • electrons and holes are injected from the cathode and the anode to the electron and hole transport layers, respectively.
  • the electrons and holes pass through the electron and the space, respectively.
  • the transport layer of the hole migrates to the light-emitting layer and meets in the light-emitting layer to form excitons and excite the light-emitting molecules, which emit visible light through radiation relaxation. Radiation light can be observed from the ITO side, and the metal electrode film also functions as a reflective layer.
  • TN Transmission Nematic
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • TN uses backlight.
  • active illumination no backlight required
  • no viewing angle problem high definition, high brightness, fast response, low energy consumption, wide temperature range, strong seismic resistance, Low cost and flexible display, many of which are difficult to implement with TFT (Thin Film Transistor) liquid crystal panels.
  • AM active matrix or active matrix
  • OLED describes a specific type of thin film display technology - organic electroluminescent display
  • AM active matrix or active matrix
  • the autonomous illumination characteristics of AMOLEDs have led to the critical impact of the drive circuit on its uniformity of illumination.
  • the threshold voltage of the driving thin film transistor of each pixel driving the light emitting diode is uneven, which causes the same driving voltage to be applied to the gate of each driving thin film transistor to flow through each OLED.
  • the current may also be different, which affects the display.
  • the present disclosure relates to a novel AMOLED pixel compensation circuit structure design.
  • the present disclosure provides a pixel compensation circuit for an active matrix organic light emitting diode, comprising: a reset module connected to a reset signal line and a driving module, configured to reset a driving module according to a reset signal input by a reset signal line; and a driving module And configured to output a driving current to drive the display device to display the light;
  • the compensation module is connected to the signal control line, the data line and the driving module, and configured to perform a threshold on the driving module under the control of the signal control signal input by the signal control line
  • the illuminating control module is coupled to the illuminating control line, the driving module, and the anode of the display device, and configured to control the driving module to drive the display device to illuminate the display according to the illuminating control signal input by the illuminating control line.
  • the present disclosure also provides an array substrate including the pixel compensation circuit described above.
  • the present disclosure also provides an active matrix organic light emitting diode display device including the above array substrate.
  • the present disclosure also provides a driving method for a pixel compensation circuit, comprising: applying a reset valid signal to a reset signal line in a reset phase, so that the reset module is turned on to reset the driving module; in the signal control phase, the signal is transmitted The control line applies a signal control effective signal to perform threshold voltage compensation and data writing to the driving module; and in the lighting control phase, an illumination control effective signal is applied to the illumination control line, so that the illumination control module is turned on, thereby controlling the driving module to drive the display device Illuminated display.
  • the present disclosure is directed to the current driving principle of AMOLED to achieve autonomous illumination, and utilizes the principle of the compensation circuit to compensate for the influence of the threshold voltage Vth on the AMOLED driving current. It is possible to obtain an AMOLED pixel driving circuit with uniform illumination.
  • the present disclosure designs a novel circuit for the presently proposed problem, which can effectively improve the uniformity of the drive current, and the circuit is more suitable for high-resolution circuit design.
  • the present disclosure devises an 8T1C AMOLED pixel compensation circuit that can effectively avoid the influence of the threshold voltage Vth on the drive current. And the signal line is small, which is more conducive to the mask design of the TFT substrate used in the high resolution display screen.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a conventional 2T1C AMOLED driving circuit.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a structural block diagram of an AMOLED pixel compensation circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a specific structure of an AMOLED pixel compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a timing diagram of the operation of the pixel compensation circuit of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a three-stage schematic diagram of the operation of the pixel compensation circuit of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a driving method for a pixel compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components and/or portions, these elements, components and/or portions are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component or part. Thus, a first element, component or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component or portion without departing from the teachings of the invention.
  • a particular device when it is described that a particular device is located between the first device and the second device, there may be intervening devices between the particular device and the first device or the second device, or there may be no intervening devices;
  • the particular device when a particular device is connected to other devices, the particular device can be directly connected to the other device without intervening devices or with intervening devices without being directly connected to the other devices.
  • the conventional AMOLED driving circuit is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the conventional simplest AMOLED driving circuit generally adopts a 2T1C pixel structure, and the 2T1C driving circuit includes two thin film transistors (TFTs) and one capacitor.
  • the transistor T1 is for controlling the writing of the data line voltage Vdata, and is called a switching TFT
  • the transistor DTFT is for controlling the operating state of the OLED, and is called a driving TFT
  • the capacitor C is for holding the gate on the driving TFT. Extreme voltage.
  • the gate of the switching TFT T1 is connected to the scan line Scan, the source thereof is connected to the data line Data, the drain thereof is connected to the gate of the driving TFT; the source of the driving TFT is connected to the power supply voltage ELVDD, the drain is connected to the anode of the OLED; the OLED is The cathode is connected to the low level ELVSS; the capacitor C is connected in parallel to the gate and drain of the driving TFT between.
  • the drive current is directly related to the threshold voltage Vth .
  • the input voltage corresponding to the midpoint of the transition region in which the output voltage in the transmission characteristic curve changes abruptly with the input voltage is generally referred to as a threshold voltage.
  • Vgs when the Vds is -0.1V and the Ids is 10nA in the TFT transfer curve.
  • Vth is a value that varies depending on conditions such as the formation process of the TFT, and therefore, for each TFT in the display panel, there may be a phenomenon in which the Vth of each TFT is different, so if the magnitude of the driving current is equal to the threshold voltage Vth The magnitude of the value is related to the fact that the driving current in each pixel compensation circuit on the display screen is different, resulting in uneven illumination of the entire display screen.
  • the present disclosure proposes a pixel compensation circuit that can compensate the threshold voltage of the driving TFT, and eliminates the influence of the threshold voltage of the driving TFT on the operating current for driving the OLED to emit light, thereby enhancing the display effect. Further, the pixel compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure also achieves the effect of saving signal lines.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a structural block diagram of an AMOLED pixel compensation circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the AMOLED pixel compensation circuit shown in FIG. 2 includes:
  • the reset module 201 is connected to the reset signal line Reset, the data line Data, and the driving module 202, and configured to reset the driving module 202 according to the reset signal input by the reset signal line Reset;
  • the driving module 202 is configured to output a driving current to drive the display device to display the light;
  • the compensation module 203 is connected to the signal control line Gate, the data line Data, the driving module 202, and the anode of the display device, and is configured to perform threshold voltage compensation on the driving module 202 under the control of the signal control signal input by the signal control line Gate. Data writing;
  • Illumination control module 204 with illumination control line EM, drive module 202, anode of display device And the reference voltage terminal Vref is coupled to be configured to control the driving module 202 to drive the display device to emit light according to the lighting control signal input by the lighting control line EM.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a specific structure of an AMOLED pixel compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the driving module 202 includes: a first transistor T1 having a gate connected to the first node N1, a source connected to the first voltage terminal ELVDD, a drain connected to the light emission control module 204 and the compensation module 203, and a capacitor C. Both ends of the capacitor C are shown as a first node N1 and a second node N2, respectively, and the second node N2 is connected to the reset module 201, the compensation module 203, and the illumination control module 204.
  • the reset module 201 includes: a third transistor T3 whose gate is connected to the gate of the source and the seventh transistor, and is connected to the reset signal line Reset, and the drain of the third transistor is connected to the first node N1 And a seventh transistor T7, the gate of the seventh transistor is connected to the reset signal line Reset, the source of the seventh transistor is connected to the data line Data, and the drain of the seventh transistor is connected to the second node N2.
  • the compensation module 203 includes: a second transistor T2, a gate of the second transistor is connected to the signal control line Gate, a source of the second transistor is connected to a drain of the first transistor, and a drain of the second transistor is connected to a drain a node N1; a fourth transistor T4, a gate of the fourth transistor is connected to the signal control line Gate, a source of the fourth transistor is connected to the data line Data, and a drain of the fourth transistor is connected to the second node N2.
  • the compensation module 203 further includes an eighth transistor T8 whose gate is connected to its source and is connected to the signal control line Gate, and the drain of the eighth transistor is connected to the anode of the display device.
  • the illuminating control module 204 includes: a fifth transistor T5, a gate of the fifth transistor is connected to the illuminating control line EM, a source of the fifth transistor is connected to the reference voltage terminal Vref, and a drain of the fifth transistor is connected to the second a node N2; and a sixth transistor T6, the gate of the sixth transistor is connected to the light emission control line EM, the source of the sixth transistor is connected to the drain of the first transistor, and the drain of the sixth transistor is connected to the display device The anode.
  • the display device is an OLED having an anode connected to the drain of the sixth transistor T6 and a cathode connected to the second voltage terminal ELVSS.
  • all of the transistors are P-type thin film transistor TFTs, thereby reducing the process of the module and improving production efficiency.
  • Some or all of the crystals as needed The body tube can also be an N-type TFT, as long as the level of the relevant control signal is adjusted accordingly, and the specific connection relationship is omitted here.
  • one pole for the input signal is referred to as the source, and the other pole for the output signal is referred to as the drain.
  • the source in addition to the gate as the gate of the transistor, one pole for the input signal is referred to as the source, and the other pole for the output signal is referred to as the drain.
  • the drain in addition to the gate as the gate of the transistor, one pole for the input signal is referred to as the source, and the other pole for the output signal is referred to as the drain.
  • T1 is a driving transistor, and the other respective transistors are switching transistors.
  • the voltage signal ELVDD not marked in the figure is a DC voltage, the voltage value is 3V to 5V, V ref is a DC voltage, and the voltage value is consistent with the ELVDD voltage; in the figure, the pixel operation timing of one frame is given, and the high voltage is about 4V ⁇ 7V, low voltage is -4V ⁇ -7V, V init is -3v within the given voltage range to achieve normal pixel operation.
  • the reset signal, the signal control signal, and the illumination control signal respectively correspond to a reset phase, a signal control phase, and an illumination control phase.
  • the reset signal line Reset provides a low level
  • the illumination control line EM and the signal control line Gate each provide a high level.
  • the third and seventh transistors T3 and T7 whose gate is connected to the reset signal line Reset are turned on, and this process is for the capacitor for storing the potential of the previous frame.
  • C the effect of the recovery potential, so that the voltage at the two points N1 and N2 at both ends of the capacitor are Vreset and Vdata, respectively, thereby resetting the previous potential; meanwhile, due to the gates of the transistors T2, T4, T5, T6 and T8
  • the poles provide an effective turn-on level so that they are off.
  • the reset signal line Reset changes from supplying a low level to a high level, and the signal control line Gate is changed from providing a high level to providing Low level, the illumination control line EM remains unchanged before the high level.
  • the reset signal line Reset provides a high level
  • the third and seventh transistors T3 and T7 are turned off; since the signal control line Gate provides a low level, the gate thereof is connected to the signal control line Gate.
  • the two transistors T2, the fourth transistor T4 and the eighth transistor T8 are turned on, the data line DATA supplies the data voltage Vdata to the second node N2 through the turned-on fourth transistor T4; since the first node N1 has been reset to the low potential before, and the second transistor T2 is turned on, the transistor T1 at this time forms a diode connection.
  • the potential VELVDD+Vth is stored at the point N1 (this value is obtained as the electrical characteristic of the diode), and T8 is reset for the OLED diode device of the previous stage of illumination; in addition, since the sixth transistor T6 is turned off, No current flows through the display device OLED, which indirectly reduces the lifetime loss of the OLED while ensuring that no current flows through the OLED except for the illumination phase.
  • the illumination control line EM provides a low level
  • both the reset signal line Reset and the signal control line Gate provide a high level
  • the driving current that is, the operating current IOLED supplied to the display device is not affected by Vth, and is only related to the data voltage Vdata, thereby eliminating the operating current of the display device from being subjected to the threshold voltage Vth of the driving transistor.
  • Vdata can control the voltage of the OLED, different voltages, different OLED currents, different brightness of the OLED, and control to display different gray levels. Therefore, adjusting the Vdata size can achieve the brightness and darkness of the display.
  • an array substrate comprising any of the pixel compensation circuits described above.
  • a display device comprising the above array substrate, which may be: AMOLED display, television, digital photo frame, mobile phone, tablet computer, etc., having any display function or component .
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a driving method for a pixel compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a driving method for the pixel compensation circuit comprising: applying a reset valid signal to a reset signal line in a reset phase, so that the reset module is turned on to reset the driving module ( S601); applied to the signal control line during the signal control phase
  • the signal control valid signal causes threshold voltage compensation and data writing to the driving module (S602); in the lighting control phase, an illumination control effective signal is applied to the illumination control line, so that the illumination control module is turned on, thereby controlling the driving module to drive the display device to emit light Display (S603).
  • applying a reset valid signal to the reset signal line to reset the drive module includes turning on the third and seventh transistors T3 and T7 by resetting the valid signal to provide the first node N1 and the second node N2, respectively Voltages Vreset and Vdata.
  • applying a signal control valid signal to the signal control line such that threshold voltage compensation and data writing to the driving module includes: pre-charging the capacitor by controlling the effective signal to turn on the second and fourth transistors T2 and T4 Thus, data and information including the threshold voltage of the driving transistor T1 are written to the capacitor.
  • the illuminating control effective signal is applied to the illuminating control line, so that the driving module driving the illuminating device to perform the illuminating display comprises: turning on the fifth transistor T5 and the sixth transistor T6 by the illuminating control effective signal, thereby passing the threshold voltage compensated data A voltage is applied between the gate and source of the driving transistor, and the driving transistor is turned on to drive the light emitting device to emit light.
  • the 8T1C AMOLED pixel compensation circuit and its corresponding driving method according to the present disclosure can effectively avoid the influence of the threshold voltage Vth on the driving current.
  • the influence of the driving current flowing through the display device caused by the unevenness of the threshold voltage Vth caused by the process process and the device aging operation of each pixel driving TFT is eliminated, and the uniformity of the display is ensured, thereby enhancing the display effect.
  • the signal line is less, which is more conducive to the mask design of the TFT substrate used in the high resolution display screen.

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Abstract

一种像素补偿电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板和显示装置，像素补偿电路包括：复位模块(201)，与复位信号线（Reset）和驱动模块（202）连接，被配置以根据复位信号线（Reset）输入的复位信号对驱动模块（202）进行复位；驱动模块(202)，被配置以输出驱动电流来驱动显示器件发光显示；补偿模块(203)，与信号控制线（Gate）、数据线（Vdata）和驱动模块（202）连接，被配置以在信号控制线（Gate）输入的信号控制信号的控制下，对驱动模块（202）进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入；发光控制模块(204)，与发光控制线（EM）、驱动模块（202）和显示器件的阳极连接，被配置以根据发光控制线（EM）输入的发光控制信号来控制驱动模块（202）驱动显示器件发光显示。像素补偿电路可有效避免阈值电压对驱动电流的影响，且信号线较少更利于用于高分辨率显示屏中TFT基板的掩膜设计。

Description

像素补偿电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板以及显示装置 技术领域
本公开涉及有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示领域，更具体地说，涉及一种用于有源矩阵有机发光二极管面板显示的像素补偿电路及其驱动方法、包括该像素补偿电路的阵列基板以及相应的显示装置。
背景技术
AMOLED(Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode，有源矩阵有机发光二极管或主动矩阵有机发光二极管)是一种应用于电视和移动设备中的显示技术。利用AMOLED技术作为显示屏得到了广大客户的喜爱，深受好评，与此同时也打开了涉及LTPS-LCD(Low Temperature Poly-silicon liquid crystal Display低温多晶硅-液晶显示)的下一个显示技术AMOLED。
跟传统的显示技术相比较AMOLED具有下述优点：
1.对比传统LCD的液晶盒技术，AMOLED并不需要液晶，仅通过非常薄的有机发光层，就能实现自主发光，所以AMOLED可以做到更轻薄，在市场要求做到更轻更薄的超薄机上面AMOLED有不可逾越的优势；
2.AMOLED可以突破传统的RGB的像素排列束缚，可以实现pentle的像素结构，达到高分辨率的效果；
3.AMOLED是自主发光的原理实现显示，当画面显示黑色是像素不发光，而LCD在显示黑色时也是处于工作状态的，所以对比起来，AMOLED不仅能达到高对比度，且能降低功耗，达到省电的效果；
4.AMOLED可以实现柔性显示，利用特殊的工艺，可以将AMOLED的电路实现在柔性基板上，实现柔性显示；
5.AMOLED和SUPER AMOLED的色域都非常广，但偏色。
但是AMOLED作为一种高端的显示技术，对工艺的要求是非常严苛的，从驱动电路的制作，以及后续的有机发光层的蒸镀都有难点，这也是为什么现阶段，突破AMOLED制作良率所需要考虑的难题。
OLED是指有机半导体材料和发光材料在电场驱动下，通过载流子注入和复合导致发光的现象。OLED发光原理是用ITO(Indium Tin Oxides，铟锡 金属氧化物)透明电极和金属电极分别作为器件的阳极和阴极，在一定电压驱动下，电子和空穴分别从阴极和阳极注入到电子和空穴传输层，电子和空穴分别经过电子和空穴传输层迁移到发光层，并在发光层中相遇，形成激子并使发光分子激发，后者经过辐射弛豫而发出可见光。辐射光可从ITO一侧观察到，金属电极膜同时也起了反射层的作用。
显然与TN(Twisted Nematic，扭曲排列)显示的发光机制是完全不同的，两种面板采用了不同的光源，OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)为自身发光，而TN则采用了背光源，通过对比不难发现，OLED具有更薄更轻、主动发光(不需要背光源)、无视角问题、高清晰、高亮度、响应快速、能耗低、使用温度范围广、抗震能力强、成本低和可实现柔软显示等特点，其中不少特性是TFT(Thin Film Transistor，薄膜场效应晶体管)液晶面板难以实现的。
OLED描述的是薄膜显示技术的具体类型-有机电激发光显示，AM(有源矩阵体或主动式矩阵体)指的是背后的像素寻址技术。AMOLED的自主发光的特点导致了驱动电路对其发光均匀性的影响非常关键。在现有的驱动电路中，各像素点驱动发光二极管的驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压存在不均匀性，这样就导致了即便向各驱动薄膜晶体管的栅极施加相同的驱动电压，流过每个OLED的电流也可能不同，从而影响显示效果。
发明内容
本公开的另外方面和优点部分将在后面的描述中阐述，还有部分可从描述中明显地看出，或者可以在本公开的实践中得到。
本公开涉及一种新型AMOLED像素补偿电路结构设计。
本公开提供了一种有源矩阵有机发光二极管的像素补偿电路，包括：复位模块，与复位信号线以及驱动模块连接，被配置以根据复位信号线输入的复位信号对驱动模块进行复位；驱动模块，被配置以输出驱动电流来驱动显示器件发光显示；补偿模块，与信号控制线、数据线和驱动模块连接，被配置以在信号控制线输入的信号控制信号的控制下，对驱动模块进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入；以及发光控制模块，与发光控制线、驱动模块和显示器件的阳极连接，被配置以根据发光控制线输入的发光控制信号来控制驱动模块以驱动显示器件发光显示。
本公开还提供了一种阵列基板，包括上述的像素补偿电路。
本公开还提供了一种有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示装置，包括上述的阵列基板。
本公开还提供了一种用于像素补偿电路的驱动方法，包括：在复位阶段，向复位信号线施加复位有效信号，使得复位模块开启，以便对驱动模块进行复位；在信号控制阶段，向信号控制线施加信号控制有效信号，使得对驱动模块进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入；以及在发光控制阶段，向发光控制线施加发光控制有效信号，使得发光控制模块开启，从而控制驱动模块驱动显示器件发光显示。
本公开针对AMOLED实现自主发光的电流驱动原理，利用补偿电路的原理，补偿掉阈值电压Vth对AMOLED驱动电流的影响。能得到发光均匀的AMOLED像素驱动电路。
本公开针对目前提出的问题，设计了一种新型的电路，能有效的改善驱动电流的均匀性，并且该电路更适合应用于高分辨率的电路设计当中。
本公开设计了一种8T1C的AMOLED像素补偿电路，可以有效地避免阈值电压Vth对驱动电流的影响。并且信号线较少，更有利于用于高分辨率的显示屏中的TFT基板的掩膜(mask)设计当中。
本公开的像素实现驱动OLED发光二极管的电流公式为IOLED＝(Vref-Vdata)2，驱动电流为与Vth无关的量，大小只跟数据电压Vdata有关，调节Vdata大小即可以实现显示屏的亮暗。
附图说明
通过结合附图对本公开的优选实施例进行详细描述，本公开的上述和其他目的、特性和优点将会变得更加清楚，其中相同的标号指定相同结构的单元，并且在其中：
图1示意性地图示了传统2T1C的AMOLED驱动电路。
图2示意性地示出了根据本公开实施例的AMOLED像素补偿电路的结构框图。
图3示意性地图示了根据本公开实施例的AMOLED像素补偿电路的具体结构。
图4示意性地图示了图3所述的像素补偿电路工作的时序图。
图5示意性地图示了图3所述的像素补偿电路工作的3个阶段示意图。
图6示意性地图示了根据本公开实施例的用于像素补偿电路的驱动方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照示出本发明实施例的附图充分描述本发明。然而，本发明可以以许多不同的形式实现，而不应当认为限于这里所述的实施例。相反，提供这些实施例以便使本公开透彻且完整，并且将向本领域技术人员充分表达本发明的范围。在附图中，为了清楚起见放大了组件。
应当理解，尽管这里可以使用术语第一、第二、第三等描述各个元件、组件和/或部分，但这些元件、组件和/或部分不受这些术语限制。这些术语仅仅用于将元件、组件或部分相互区分开来。因此，下面讨论的第一元件、组件或部分在不背离本发明教学的前提下可以称为第二元件、组件或部分。
在本公开中，当描述到特定器件位于第一器件和第二器件之间时，在该特定器件与第一器件或第二器件之间可以存在居间器件，也可以不存在居间器件；当描述到特定器件连接其它器件时，该特定器件可以与所述其它器件直接连接而不具有居间器件、也可以不与所述其它器件直接连接而具有居间器件。
除非另有定义，这里使用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)具有与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员共同理解的相同含义。还应当理解，诸如在通常字典里定义的那些术语应当被解释为具有与它们在相关技术的上下文中的含义相一致的含义，而不应用理想化或极度形式化的意义来解释，除非这里明确地这样定义。
传统的AMOLED驱动电路如图1所示，传统最简单的AMOLED驱动电路通常采用的2T1C的像素结构，该2T1C驱动电路包括两个薄膜晶体管(Thin Film Transistor，TFT)和1个电容器。晶体管T1用于控制数据线电压Vdata的写入、并被称为开关TFT，晶体管DTFT用于控制OLED的工作状态、并被称为驱动TFT，电容器C用于保持所述驱动TFT上的选通极电压。其中，开关TFT T1的栅极连接扫描线Scan，其源极连接数据线Data，其漏极连接驱动TFT的栅极；驱动TFT的源极连接电源电压ELVDD，漏极连接OLED的阳极；OLED的阴极接低电平ELVSS；电容器C并联在驱动TFT的栅漏之 间。
该种像素结构输出电流不稳定不能使整个显示屏成像均匀。其中，驱动电流，即，OLED的工作电流可以表示为IOLED＝K(VSG+Vth)2，其中VSG为驱动晶体管的源栅电压，Vth为驱动晶体管的阈值电压(Threshold voltage)，K为系数。
从工作原理的电流驱动电路很清楚的知道，驱动电流与阈值电压Vth很直接的联系。通常将传输特性曲线中输出电压随输入电压改变而急剧变化转折区的中点对应的输入电压称为阈值电压。通常我们定义为TFT转移曲线中Vds为-0.1V，Ids为10nA时Vgs的值。Vth是根据TFT的形成工艺等条件不同而变化的值，所以针对显示屏中的每一个TFT，可能存在每一个TFT的Vth都不同的现象，所以如果驱动电流的大小与阈值电压Vth的值的大小有关，就必然存在着显示屏上面每一个像素补偿电路中的驱动电流都有不同，导致整个显示屏的发光存在不均匀的情况。
因此，期望能够改进用于驱动OLED的驱动电路，以解决上述问题中的一个或多个。也就是说，期望避免驱动TFT的阈值电压对OLED发光亮度的影响。
有鉴于此，本公开提出了一种像素补偿电路，其可以对驱动TFT的阈值电压进行补偿，消除了驱动TFT的阈值电压对驱动OLED进行发光显示的工作电流的影响，从而增强了显示效果。此外，根据本公开实施例的像素补偿电路还实现了节约信号线的效果。
图2示意性地示出了根据本公开实施例的AMOLED像素补偿电路的结构框图。
如图2所示的AMOLED像素补偿电路包括：
复位模块201，与复位信号线Reset、数据线Data、以及驱动模块202连接，被配置以根据复位信号线Reset输入的复位信号对驱动模块202进行复位；
驱动模块202，被配置以输出驱动电流来驱动显示器件发光显示；
补偿模块203，与信号控制线Gate、数据线Data、驱动模块202以及显示器件的阳极连接，被配置以在信号控制线Gate输入的信号控制信号的控制下，对驱动模块202进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入；以及
发光控制模块204，与发光控制线EM、驱动模块202、显示器件的阳极 以及参考电压端Vref连接，被配置以根据发光控制线EM输入的发光控制信号来控制驱动模块202驱动显示器件发光显示。
图3示意性地示出了根据本公开实施例的AMOLED像素补偿电路的具体结构。
具体地，驱动模块202包括：第一晶体管T1，其栅极与第一节点N1连接，源极与第一电压端ELVDD连接，漏极与发光控制模块204和补偿模块203连接；电容器C，所述电容器C的两端在图中分别被示为第一节点N1和第二节点N2，第二节点N2与复位模块201、补偿模块203和发光控制模块204连接。
复位模块201包括：第三晶体管T3，所述第三晶体管的栅极连接其源极和第七晶体管的栅极，并且连接复位信号线Reset，所述第三晶体管的漏极连接第一节点N1；以及第七晶体管T7，所述第七晶体管的栅极连接复位信号线Reset，所述第七晶体管的源极连接数据线Data，所述第七晶体管的漏极连接第二节点N2。
补偿模块203包括：第二晶体管T2，所述第二晶体管的栅极连接信号控制线Gate，所述第二晶体管的源极连接第一晶体管的漏极，所述第二晶体管的漏极连接第一节点N1；第四晶体管T4，所述第四晶体管的栅极连接信号控制线Gate，所述第四晶体管的源极连接数据线Data，所述第四晶体管的漏极连接第二节点N2。
此外，补偿模块203还包括第八晶体管T8，所述第八晶体管的栅极连接其源极，并连接信号控制线Gate，所述第八晶体管的漏极连接显示器件的阳极。
发光控制模块204包括：第五晶体管T5，所述第五晶体管的栅极连接发光控制线EM，所述第五晶体管的源极连接参考电压端Vref，所述第五晶体管的漏极连接第二节点N2；以及第六晶体管T6，所述第六晶体管的栅极连接发光控制线EM，所述第六晶体管的源极连接第一晶体管的漏极，所述第六晶体管的漏极连接显示器件的阳极。
可替换地，在上述实施例中，显示器件为OLED，其阳极连接到第六晶体管T6的漏极，其阴极连接到第二电压端ELVSS。
可替换地，在图3中，所有晶体管均为P型薄膜晶体管TFT，从而减小了模组的工艺制程，提高了生产效率。根据需要，其中的一部分或者全部晶 体管也可以采用N型TFT，只要相应地调整有关控制信号的电平即可，具体连接关系在此省略。
可替换地，在本公开中，除了作为晶体管的控制极的栅极之外，将晶体管用于输入信号的一极称为源极，而将用于输出信号的另一极称为漏极。然而，考虑到晶体管的源极和漏极的对称性，完全可以将二者互换，而不影响本公开的技术方案。
另外，在上述实施例中，T1是驱动晶体管，而其他各个晶体管为开关晶体管。
图4是图3所述的像素补偿电路工作的时序图。电路的工作可以分为3个部分。未在图中标记出来的电压信号ELVDD为直流电压，电压值为3V～5V，Vref为直流电压，电压值与ELVDD电压保持一致；图中是给出一帧的像素工作时序，高压约为4V～7V，低压为-4V～-7V，Vinit为-3v在给出的电压范围内即可实现像素的正常工作。
下面将参照图4所示的各信号的时序关系，结合图5示出的像素补偿电路在各个阶段的工作示意图，对图4所示的像素补偿电路的工作过程进行简要说明。其中，在图5中五角星标注的TFT表示截止的TFT。
其中，复位信号、信号控制信号以及发光控制信号分别对应于复位阶段、信号控制阶段和发光控制阶段。在像素补偿电路工作的第1阶段，即，复位阶段，如图4所示，复位信号线Reset提供低电平，而发光控制线EM、信号控制线Gate均提供高电平。
此时，参照图5，由于复位信号线Reset提供低电平，栅极连接到复位信号线Reset的第三和第七晶体管T3和T7导通，此过程是为了给上一帧储存电位的电容器C，恢复电位的作用，使得电容器两端N1和N2两点的电压分别为Vreset和Vdata，从而将之前的电位进行重置；同时，由于未向晶体管T2、T4、T5、T6和T8的栅极提供有效的开启电平，从而它们处于截止状态。
在像素补偿电路工作的第2阶段，即，信号控制阶段，如图4所示，复位信号线Reset从提供低电平改变为提供高电平，信号控制线Gate从提供高电平改变为提供低电平，发光控制线EM保持之前的高电平不变。
此时，参照图5，由于复位信号线Reset提供高电平，第三和第七晶体管T3和T7截止；由于信号控制线Gate提供低电平，因此其栅极连接到信号控制线Gate的第二晶体管T2、第四晶体管T4和第八晶体管T8导通，数据线 DATA通过导通的第四晶体管T4提供数据电压Vdata到第二节点N2；由于第一节点N1在之前已经被复位到低电位，第二晶体管T2导通之后，此时的晶体管T1形成二极管连接，根据二极管的特性，在N1点储存电位VELVDD+Vth(该值的得出为二极管的电学特性)，T8此时为上一级发光的OLED二极管器件复位；此外，由于第六晶体管T6截止，使得没有电流流过显示器件OLED，间接降低了OLED的寿命损耗，同时保证除发光阶段之外，没有电流流过OLED。
在像素补偿电路工作的第3阶段，即，发光阶段，如图4所示，发光控制线EM提供低电平，复位信号线Reset和信号控制线Gate均提供高电平。
此时，参照图5，晶体管T2、T4和T8均处于截止状态，晶体管T3和T7也处于截止状态，而第五和第六晶体管T5和T6导通，此时N2点的电位为Vref，根据电容器的特性，此时电容器另一端N1点的电压跳变为Vref+VELVDD+Vth-Vdata；根据OLED驱动电流的公式I＝K(Vgs-Vth)2，得出此时驱动电流为I＝K((Vref+VELVDD+Vth-Vdata)-VELVDD-Vth)2＝K(Vref-Vdata)2。
由上式可以看出，驱动电流，即，提供给显示器件的工作电流IOLED已经不受Vth的影响，只与数据电压Vdata有关，由此消除了显示器件的工作电流受到驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth的影响，保证了显示画面的均匀性。并且，Vdata可以控制OLED发光的电压，不同的电压，OLED电流不同，OLED的亮度不同，控制显示不同的灰阶。因此调节Vdata大小即可实现显示屏的亮暗。
根据本公开的一实施例，还提供了一种阵列基板，包括上述的任一种像素补偿电路。
根据本公开的另一实施例，还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述阵列基板，该显示装置可以是：AMOLED显示器、电视机、数码相框、手机、平板电脑等具有任何显示功能的产品或部件。
图6示意性地图示了根据本公开实施例的用于像素补偿电路的驱动方法的流程图。
根据本公开的一实施例，还提供了一种用于上述像素补偿电路的驱动方法，包括：在复位阶段，向复位信号线施加复位有效信号，使得复位模块开启，以便对驱动模块进行复位(S601)；在信号控制阶段，向信号控制线施加 信号控制有效信号，使得对驱动模块进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入(S602)；在发光控制阶段，向发光控制线施加发光控制有效信号，使得发光控制模块开启，从而控制驱动模块驱动显示器件发光显示(S603)。
可替换地，向复位信号线施加复位有效信号，以便对驱动模块进行复位包括：通过复位有效信号导通第三和第七晶体管T3和T7，从而分别向第一节点N1和第二节点N2提供电压Vreset和Vdata。
可替换地，向信号控制线施加信号控制有效信号，使得对驱动模块进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入包括：通过信号控制有效信号导通第二和第四晶体管T2和T4，对电容器进行预充电，从而将数据和包含驱动晶体管T1的阈值电压的信息写入电容器。
可替换地，向发光控制线施加发光控制有效信号，使得驱动模块驱动发光器件进行发光显示包括：通过发光控制有效信号导通第五晶体管T5和第六晶体管T6，从而将经过阈值电压补偿的数据电压施加到驱动晶体管的栅源极之间，开启驱动晶体管以便驱动发光器件发光显示。
综上所述，根据本公开提出的8T1C的AMOLED像素补偿电路及其相应的驱动方法可以有效地避免阈值电压Vth对驱动电流的影响。消除了各像素驱动TFT由于工艺制程及器件老化操作造成阈值电压Vth不均匀而导致的对流过显示器件的驱动电流的影响，保证了显示的均匀性，从而增强了显示效果。并且信号线较少，更有利于用于高分辨率的显示屏中的TFT基板的掩膜设计当中。
上面是对本发明的说明，而不应被认为是对其的限制。尽管描述了本发明的若干示例性实施例，但本领域技术人员将容易地理解，在不背离本发明的新颖教学和优点的前提下可以对示例性实施例进行许多修改。因此，所有这些修改都意图包含在权利要求书所限定的本发明范围内。应当理解，上面是对本发明的说明，而不应被认为是限于所公开的特定实施例，并且对所公开的实施例以及其他实施例的修改意图包含在所附权利要求书的范围内。本发明由权利要求书及其等效物限定。
本申请要求于2015年11月12日递交的中国专利申请第201510771502.9号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种有源矩阵有机发光二极管的像素补偿电路，包括：
    复位模块，与复位信号线以及驱动模块连接，被配置以根据复位信号线输入的复位信号对驱动模块进行复位；
    驱动模块，被配置以输出驱动电流来驱动显示器件发光显示；
    补偿模块，与信号控制线、数据线以及驱动模块连接，被配置以在信号控制线输入的信号控制信号的控制下，对驱动模块进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入；以及
    发光控制模块，与发光控制线、驱动模块以及显示器件的阳极连接，被配置以根据发光控制线输入的发光控制信号来控制驱动模块以驱动显示器件发光显示。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的像素补偿电路，其中，驱动模块包括：
    第一晶体管，其控制极与第一节点连接，第一极与第一电压端连接，第二极与补偿模块和发光控制模块连接；以及
    电容器，所述电容器的两端分别为第一节点和第二节点，第二节点与复位模块、补偿模块和发光控制模块连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的像素补偿电路，其中，复位模块包括：
    第三晶体管，所述第三晶体管的控制极连接其第一极和第七晶体管的控制极，并且连接复位信号线，所述第三晶体管的第二极连接第一节点；以及
    第七晶体管，所述第七晶体管的控制极连接复位信号线，所述第七晶体管的第一极连接数据线，所述第七晶体管的第二极连接第二节点。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的像素补偿电路，其中，补偿模块包括：
    第二晶体管，所述第二晶体管的控制极连接信号控制线，所述第二晶体管的第一极连接第一晶体管的第二极，所述第二晶体管的第二极连接第一节点；以及
    第四晶体管，所述第四晶体管的控制极连接信号控制线，所述第四晶体管的第一极连接数据线，所述第四晶体管的第二极连接第二节点。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的像素补偿电路，其中，补偿模块还包括：
    第八晶体管，所述第八晶体管的控制极连接其第一极，并连接信号控制 线，所述第八晶体管的第二极连接显示器件的阳极。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的像素补偿电路，其中，发光控制模块包括：
    第五晶体管，所述第五晶体管的控制极连接发光控制线，所述第五晶体管的第一极连接参考电压端，所述第五晶体管的第二极连接第二节点；以及
    第六晶体管，所述第六晶体管的控制极连接发光控制线，所述第六晶体管的第一极连接第一晶体管的第二极，所述第六晶体管的第二极连接显示器件的阳极。
  7. 如权利要求1-6的任何一个所述的像素补偿电路，其中，所述复位信号、所述信号控制信号以及所述发光控制信号分别对应于复位阶段、信号控制阶段和发光控制阶段。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的像素补偿电路，其中，在所述复位阶段内，所述复位信号为低电平，所述信号控制信号以及所述发光控制信号均为高电平。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的像素补偿电路，其中，在所述信号控制阶段内，所述复位信号从低电平跳变为高电平，所述信号控制信号从高电平跳变为低电平，以及所述发光控制信号为高电平。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的像素补偿电路，其中，在所述发光控制阶段内，所述复位信号为高电平，所述信号控制信号从低电平跳变为高电平，以及所述发光控制信号从高电平跳变为低电平。
  11. 如权利要求1-6的任何一个所述的像素补偿电路，其中，第一晶体管至第八晶体管是薄膜晶体管。
  12. 如权利要求6所述的像素补偿电路，其中，显示器件为有机发光二极管，其阳极连接到第六晶体管的第二极，其阴极连接到第二电压端。
  13. 一种阵列基板，包括权利要求1-12任一项所述的像素补偿电路。
  14. 一种有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示装置，包括权利要求13所述的阵列基板。
  15. 一种用于权利要求1-12任一项所述的像素补偿电路的驱动方法，包括：
    在复位阶段，向复位信号线施加复位有效信号，使得复位模块开启，以便对驱动模块进行复位；
    在信号控制阶段，向信号控制线施加信号控制有效信号，使得对驱动模块进行阈值电压补偿和数据写入；以及
    在发光控制阶段，向发光控制线施加发光控制有效信号，使得发光控制模块开启，从而控制驱动模块驱动显示器件发光显示。
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