CN109427290A - 像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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CN109427290A
CN109427290A CN201710731593.2A CN201710731593A CN109427290A CN 109427290 A CN109427290 A CN 109427290A CN 201710731593 A CN201710731593 A CN 201710731593A CN 109427290 A CN109427290 A CN 109427290A
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transistor
module
light emitting
pole
signal
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王博
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Ordos Yuansheng Optoelectronics Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Ordos Yuansheng Optoelectronics Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710731593.2A priority Critical patent/CN109427290A/zh
Priority to KR1020197006284A priority patent/KR20190031571A/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2018/092832 priority patent/WO2019037536A1/zh
Priority to EP18825554.1A priority patent/EP3675107A4/en
Priority to US16/313,494 priority patent/US10885839B2/en
Priority to JP2018568823A priority patent/JP2020531880A/ja
Publication of CN109427290A publication Critical patent/CN109427290A/zh
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于显示技术领域，具体涉及像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置。该像素电路中：复位预充电模块与扫描补偿模块和发光控制模块连接，用于根据复位信号对发光控制模块进行重置、以及根据扫描信号对扫描补偿模块中的存储电容进行预充电；扫描补偿模块还与驱动模块和发光控制模块连接，用于根据扫描信号对扫描补偿模块中的存储电容进行充电；驱动模块还与发光控制模块连接，用于通过发光控制模块向发光器件提供驱动电流；发光控制模块与发光器件连接，用于根据发光控制信号控制发光器件发光。该像素电路及其驱动方法，通过对驱动晶体管阈值电压进行补偿，消除驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth对OLED或QLED驱动电流的影响。

Description

像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置
技术领域
本发明属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展，平板显示装置已取代笨重的CRT显示装置日益深入人们的日常生活中。目前，常用的平板显示装置包括LCD(Liquid Crystal Display：液晶显示装置)、OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode:有机发光二极管)显示装置和QLED(QuantumDot Light Emitting Diodes：量子点发光二极管)显示装置。OLED和QLED由于具有自发光性能，在显示领域得到了广泛的研究。
在显示装置中，由于像素电路中驱动晶体管阈值电压Vth漂移等原因导致电流的不稳定，导致对OLED和QLED提供同样的数据驱动信号Vdata却得到不同的驱动电流，进而影响整个显示画面的均匀性及显示质量。
对像素电路的阈值补偿机制一直以来都是工程师们孜孜以求的研究热点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术中上述不足，提供一种像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置，该像素电路能有效消除驱动晶体管阈值电压Vth对OLED或QLED驱动电流的影响。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是该像素电路，包括发光器件，还包括复位预充电模块、扫描补偿模块、驱动模块和发光控制模块，所述扫描补偿模块包括存储电容，其中：
所述复位预充电模块，与所述扫描补偿模块和所述发光控制模块连接，用于根据复位信号对所述发光控制模块进行重置、以及根据扫描信号对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行预充电；
所述扫描补偿模块，还与所述驱动模块和所述发光控制模块连接，用于根据扫描信号对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行充电，以对所述驱动模块进行补偿；
所述驱动模块，还与所述发光控制模块连接，用于通过所述发光控制模块向所述发光器件提供驱动电流；
所述发光控制模块，还与所述发光器件连接，用于根据发光控制信号控制所述发光器件发光；
所述发光器件，在所述发光控制模块的控制下发光显示。
优选的是，所述扫描补偿模块，还包括第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管，其中：
所述第一晶体管，其控制极接收扫描信号，第一极连接数据信号，第二极连接所述存储电容的第一端；
所述第二晶体管，其控制极接收扫描信号，第一极连接所述第四晶体管的第一极，第二极连接所述驱动模块和所述发光控制模块；
所述第四晶体管，其控制极接收扫描信号，第二极连接所述存储电容的第二端和所述驱动模块；
所述存储电容的第一端为所述第一节点，所述存储电容的第二端为所述第二节点。
优选的是，所述驱动模块包括第三晶体管，所述第三晶体管的控制极连接所述第二节点，第一极连接第一电压，第二极分别连接所述第二晶体管的第二极和所述发光控制模块。
优选的是，所述发光控制模块包括第五晶体管和第六晶体管，其中：
所述第五晶体管，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收发光控制信号，第二极连接所述第一节点；
所述第六晶体管，其控制极接收发光控制信号，第一极分别连接所述第三晶体管的第二极和所述第二晶体管的第二极，第二极连接所述发光器件。
优选的是，所述复位预充电模块包括第七晶体管和第八晶体管，其中：
所述第七晶体管，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收复位信号，第二极连接所述第四晶体管的第一极；
所述第八晶体管，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收复位信号，第二极连接所述第六晶体管的第二极。
优选的是，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管均为P型晶体管；或者，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管均为N型晶体管；或者，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管部分为N型晶体管，部分为P型晶体管。
优选的是，所述发光器件为有机发光二极管或量子点发光二极管。
一种显示装置，包括多个像素电路，所述像素电路采用上述的像素电路。
一种上述的像素电路的驱动方法，包括：
复位预充电阶段：根据复位信号和扫描信号，对所述复位预充电模块进行复位，并对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行预充电；
补偿充电阶段：根据扫描信号，对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行充电，以对所述驱动模块进行补偿；
驱动发光阶段：根据发光控制信号和数据信号，驱动所述发光器件发光。
优选的是，所述驱动方法包括：
复位预充电阶段：包括第一阶段和第二阶段，在第一阶段中：复位信号有效，第七晶体管和第八晶体管导通，将上一帧的数据信号进行重置；以及，在第二阶段中，复位信号和扫描信号有效，第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管导通，第一节点预充电为Vdata，第二节点的电位为低电平；
补偿充电阶段，扫描信号有效，第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管继续导通，第三晶体管形成二极管连接方式，第一节点的电位为Vdata，第二节点的电压Vdd+Vth，第二节点与第一节点之间的压差为Vdd+Vth-Vdata；
驱动发光阶段，发光控制信号有效，第五晶体管和第六晶体管导通，第三晶体管的栅源电压为Vth-Vdata+VEM，所述发光器件的电流为K(Vdd-Vdata)2，所述发光器件的电流与Vth无关；
其中，Vdata为数据电压，Vdd为第一电压，Vth为驱动晶体管的阈值电压，VEM为发光控制信号电压。
优选的是，所述驱动方法包括：所述复位预充电阶段中，第一阶段与第二阶段的持续时间相同。
优选的是，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管均为P型晶体管，复位信号、扫描信号、发光控制信号和数据信号均为低电平有效。
本发明的有益效果是：该像素电路及其驱动方法，通过对驱动晶体管阈值电压进行补偿，消除驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth对OLED或QLED驱动电流的影响。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中像素电路的结构框图；
图2为图1中像素电路的电路原理图；
图3为本发明实施例1中像素电路的驱动方法流程图；
图4为图3中像素电路的驱动方法的时序图；
附图标识中：
1－发光器件；2－复位预充电模块；3－扫描补偿模块；4－驱动模块；5－发光控制模块。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置作进一步详细描述。
实施例1：
本实施例针对OLED或QLED等实现自主发光为电流驱动原理，补偿像素电路中因阈值电压Vth漂移对驱动电流造成的影响，消除驱动晶体管阈值电压Vth对OLED或QLED驱动电流的影响而造成的发光不均匀，从而得到发光均匀的显示装置。
如图1所示，该像素电路包括发光器件1，还包括复位预充电模块2、扫描补偿模块3、驱动模块4和发光控制模块5，扫描补偿模块3包括存储电容Cs，其中：
复位预充电模块2，与扫描补偿模块3和发光控制模块5连接，用于根据复位信号RST对发光控制模块5进行重置、以及根据扫描信号Gate对扫描补偿模块3中的存储电容Cs进行预充电；
扫描补偿模块3，还与驱动模块4和发光控制模块5连接，用于根据扫描信号Gate对扫描补偿模块3中的存储电容Cs进行充电，以对驱动模块4进行补偿；
驱动模块4，还与发光控制模块5连接，用于通过发光控制模块5向发光器件1提供驱动电流；
发光控制模块5，还与发光器件1连接，用于根据发光控制信号EM控制发光器件1发光；
发光器件1，在发光控制模块5的控制下发光显示。
具体的像素电路结构如图2所示，扫描补偿模块3，还包括第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2和第四晶体管T4，其中：
第一晶体管T1，其控制极接收扫描信号Gate，第一极连接数据信号Vdata，第二极连接存储电容Cs的第一端；
第二晶体管T2，其控制极接收扫描信号Gate，第一极连接第四晶体管T4的第一极，第二极连接驱动模块4和发光控制模块5；
第四晶体管T4，其控制极接收扫描信号Gate，第二极连接存储电容Cs的第二端和驱动模块4；
存储电容Cs的第一端为第一节点Note1，存储电容Cs的第二端为第二节点Note2。
驱动模块4包括第三晶体管T3，第三晶体管T3的控制极连接第二节点Note2，第一极连接第一电压Vdd，第二极分别连接第二晶体管T2的第二极和发光控制模块5。
发光控制模块5包括第五晶体管T5和第六晶体管T6，其中：
第五晶体管T5，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收发光控制信号EM，第二极连接第一节点Note1；
第六晶体管T6，其控制极接收发光控制信号EM，第一极分别连接第三晶体管T3的第二极和第二晶体管T2的第二极，第二极连接发光器件1。
复位预充电模块2包括第七晶体管T7和第八晶体管T8，其中：
第七晶体管T7，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收复位信号RST，第二极连接第四晶体管T4的第一极；
第八晶体管T8，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收复位信号RST，第二极连接第六晶体管T6的第二极。
本发明实施例中采用的晶体管均可以为薄膜晶体管或场效应管或其他特性相同的器件。由于这里采用的晶体管的源极、漏极是对称的，所以其源极、漏极是没有区别的。为区分晶体管除控制极即栅极之外的两极，将其中一极称为源极，另一极称为漏极。此外，按照晶体管的特性区分可以将晶体管分为N型晶体管或P型晶体管，在应用中可根据情况灵活选用像素电路中各元器件的类型。本实施例的像素电路中，第一晶体管T1至第八晶体管T8均为P型晶体管；或者，第一晶体管T1至第八晶体管T8均为N型晶体管；或者，第一晶体管T1至第八晶体管T8部分为N型晶体管，部分为P型晶体管。容易理解的是，当采用N型晶体管时，其第一极可以是源极，第二极可以是漏极，当采用P型晶体管时，其第一极可以是漏极，第二极可以是源极。
相应的，本实施例还提供一种上述的像素电路的驱动方法，用于补偿驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth，消除对OLED或QLED驱动电流的影响，从而得到发光均匀的像素电路。
如图3所示，该驱动方法包括：
复位预充电阶段：根据复位信号和扫描信号，对复位预充电模块进行复位，并对扫描补偿模块中的存储电容进行预充电；
补偿充电阶段：根据扫描信号，对扫描补偿模块中的存储电容进行充电，以对驱动模块进行补偿；
驱动发光阶段：根据发光控制信号和数据信号，驱动发光器件发光。
参考如图4所示的时序图，在该驱动方法下的像素电路的工作原理为：
复位预充电阶段：像素电路的复位预充电阶段S1包括第一阶段和第二阶段。在第一阶段中，复位信号有效，第七晶体管和第八晶体管导通，将上一帧的数据信号进行重置；以及，在第二阶段中，复位信号和扫描信号有效，第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管导通，第一节点预充电为Vdata，第二节点的电位为低电平。也即，T1前部分时间(即RST为低电平，Gate为高电平)为复位阶段，此时第七晶体管T7、第八晶体管T8导通，第八晶体管T8导通将上一帧的数据信号重置；T1后半部分时间(即RST为低电平，Gate为低电平)为预充电阶段，此时第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2、第四晶体管T4和第七晶体管T7、第八晶体管T8均导通，第一节点Note1的电位为Vdata，第二节点Note2的电位为RST低电平。
补偿充电阶段，扫描信号有效，第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管继续导通，第三晶体管形成二极管连接方式，第一节点的电位为数据电压Vdata，第二节点的电压Vdd+Vth。像素电路的补偿充电阶段S2，Gate为低电平，RST为高电平，第七晶体管T7、第八晶体管T8关闭，第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2、第四晶体管T4继续导通，此时第三晶体管T3管的栅极与第三晶体管T3的漏极通过T2和T4短接形成二极管连接方式，此时第三晶体管T3开始由第一电压Vdd充电，第二节点Note2的电位充电至Vdd+Vth(即二极管两端压差为Vth)，第一节点Note1的电位依然是Vdata，第二节点Note2与第一节点Note1之间的压差为Vdd+Vth-Vdata。
驱动发光阶段，发光控制信号有效，第五晶体管和第六晶体管导通，第三晶体管的栅源电压为Vth-Vdata+VEM，发光器件的电流为K(VEM-Vdata)2，发光器件的电流与驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth无关，VEM为发光控制信号电压。像素电路的驱动发光阶段S3，Gate为高电平，EM为低电平，第五晶体管T5和第六晶体管T6导通，第一节点Note1的电位跳变为发光控制信号EM(即VEM)，第二节点Note2由于第二晶体管T2和第四晶体管T4关闭而悬浮(Floating)，存储电容Cs产生自举(由于电容不变，第一节点Note1和第二节点Note2本身存在压差，第二节点Note2无电荷流动，电压不变)，根据电荷守恒的原理q＝UCs，存储电容Cs两端压差△V(即第一节点Note1和第二节点Note2之间的压差)不变，设此刻第二节点Note2的电位为X，则有：Vdd+Vth-Vdata＝X-VEM，推导得：X＝Vdd+Vth-Vdata+VEM，对作为驱动晶体管的第三晶体管T3而言，有：VGS＝X-Vdd＝Vth-Vdata+VEM；根据电流驱动原理，此时通过第三晶体管T3的电流应为：
即：
根据上述公式可以计算得到，本实施例中通过第三晶体管T3的电流K(VEM-Vdata)2，可见发光器件1的电流与驱动晶体管(即第三晶体管T3)的阈值电压Vth无关。
优选的是，驱动方法的复位预充电阶段中，第一阶段与第二阶段的持续时间相同。当然，复位和预充电的时间比也可以设置为不同，只要能实现对节点预充电，以实现阈值补偿即可，这里不做限制。
优选的是，第一晶体管T1至第八晶体管T8均为P型晶体管PMOS，复位信号STV、扫描信号Gate、发光控制信号EM和数据信号Vdata均为低电平有效。
本实施例中的像素电路以及相应的像素电路的驱动方法，通过对驱动晶体管阈值电压进行补偿，消除驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth对OLED或QLED驱动电流的影响。
实施例2：
本实施例提供一种显示装置，该显示装置包括多个实施例1的像素电路，并采用实施例1的像素电路的驱动方法。
该显示装置可以为：台式电脑、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、手机、PDA、GPS、车载显示、投影显示、摄像机、数码相机、电子手表、计算器、电子仪器、仪表、电子纸、电视机、显示器、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件，可应用于公共显示和虚幻显示等多个领域。
该显示装置中的多个像素电路，由于不受驱动晶体管的阈值电压Vth，因此具有均匀的发光效果，显示效果更佳。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

1.一种像素电路，包括发光器件，其特征在于，还包括复位预充电模块、扫描补偿模块、驱动模块和发光控制模块，所述扫描补偿模块包括存储电容，其中：
所述复位预充电模块，与所述扫描补偿模块和所述发光控制模块连接，用于根据复位信号对所述发光控制模块进行重置、以及根据扫描信号对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行预充电；
所述扫描补偿模块，还与所述驱动模块和所述发光控制模块连接，用于根据扫描信号对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行充电，以对所述驱动模块进行补偿；
所述驱动模块，还与所述发光控制模块连接，用于通过所述发光控制模块向所述发光器件提供驱动电流；
所述发光控制模块，还与所述发光器件连接，用于根据发光控制信号控制所述发光器件发光；
所述发光器件，在所述发光控制模块的控制下发光显示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述扫描补偿模块，还包括第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管，其中：
所述第一晶体管，其控制极接收扫描信号，第一极连接数据信号，第二极连接所述存储电容的第一端；
所述第二晶体管，其控制极接收扫描信号，第一极连接所述第四晶体管的第一极，第二极连接所述驱动模块和所述发光控制模块；
所述第四晶体管，其控制极接收扫描信号，第二极连接所述存储电容的第二端和所述驱动模块；
所述存储电容的第一端为所述第一节点，所述存储电容的第二端为所述第二节点。
3.根据权利要求2所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述驱动模块包括第三晶体管，所述第三晶体管的控制极连接所述第二节点，第一极连接第一电压，第二极分别连接所述第二晶体管的第二极和所述发光控制模块。
4.根据权利要求3所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述发光控制模块包括第五晶体管和第六晶体管，其中：
所述第五晶体管，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收发光控制信号，第二极连接所述第一节点；
所述第六晶体管，其控制极接收发光控制信号，第一极分别连接所述第三晶体管的第二极和所述第二晶体管的第二极，第二极连接所述发光器件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述复位预充电模块包括第七晶体管和第八晶体管，其中：
所述第七晶体管，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收复位信号，第二极连接所述第四晶体管的第一极；
所述第八晶体管，其控制极和第一极连接、并接收复位信号，第二极连接所述第六晶体管的第二极。
6.根据权利要求5所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管均为P型晶体管；或者，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管均为N型晶体管；或者，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管部分为N型晶体管，部分为P型晶体管。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述发光器件为有机发光二极管或量子点发光二极管。
8.一种显示装置，包括多个像素电路，其特征在于，所述像素电路采用权利要求1-7任一项所述的像素电路。
9.一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的像素电路的驱动方法，其特征在于，包括：
复位预充电阶段：根据复位信号和扫描信号，对所述复位预充电模块进行复位，并对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行预充电；
补偿充电阶段：根据扫描信号，对所述扫描补偿模块中的所述存储电容进行充电，以对所述驱动模块进行补偿；
驱动发光阶段：根据发光控制信号和数据信号，驱动所述发光器件发光。
10.根据权利要求9所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述驱动方法包括：
复位预充电阶段：包括第一阶段和第二阶段，在第一阶段中：复位信号有效，第七晶体管和第八晶体管导通，将上一帧的数据信号进行重置；以及，在第二阶段中，复位信号和扫描信号有效，第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管导通，第一节点预充电为Vdata，第二节点的电位为低电平；
补偿充电阶段，扫描信号有效，第一晶体管、第二晶体管和第四晶体管继续导通，第三晶体管形成二极管连接方式，第一节点的电位为Vdata，第二节点的电压Vdd+Vth，第二节点与第一节点之间的压差为Vdd+Vth-Vdata；
驱动发光阶段，发光控制信号有效，第五晶体管和第六晶体管导通，第三晶体管的栅源电压为Vth-Vdata+VEM，所述发光器件的电流为K(VEM-Vdata)2，所述发光器件的电流与Vth无关；
其中，Vdata为数据电压，Vdd为第一电压，Vth为驱动晶体管的阈值电压，VEM为发光控制信号电压。
11.根据权利要求10所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述驱动方法包括：所述复位预充电阶段中，第一阶段与第二阶段的持续时间相同。
12.根据权利要求10所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第一晶体管至所述第八晶体管均为P型晶体管，复位信号、扫描信号、发光控制信号和数据信号均为低电平有效。
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