WO2017075976A1 - 一种驾驶行为评测方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种驾驶行为评测方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017075976A1
WO2017075976A1 PCT/CN2016/083296 CN2016083296W WO2017075976A1 WO 2017075976 A1 WO2017075976 A1 WO 2017075976A1 CN 2016083296 W CN2016083296 W CN 2016083296W WO 2017075976 A1 WO2017075976 A1 WO 2017075976A1
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Prior art keywords
driving behavior
behavior
driving
evaluation
information
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PCT/CN2016/083296
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐勇
陈昆盛
李文锐
刘鹏
李丹
邹禹
林伟
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乐视控股（北京）有限公司
乐卡汽车智能科技（北京）有限公司
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Publication of WO2017075976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017075976A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N5/00—Computing arrangements using knowledge-based models
    • G06N5/04—Inference or reasoning models
    • G06N5/046—Forward inferencing; Production systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • B60W40/09—Driving style or behaviour
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
    • B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • B60W2040/0818—Inactivity or incapacity of driver
    • B60W2040/0827—Inactivity or incapacity of driver due to sleepiness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • B60W2040/0818—Inactivity or incapacity of driver
    • B60W2040/0836—Inactivity or incapacity of driver due to alcohol
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
    • B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
    • B60W2050/143—Alarm means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2420/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
    • B60W2420/40—Photo, light or radio wave sensitive means, e.g. infrared sensors
    • B60W2420/403—Image sensing, e.g. optical camera
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B60W2520/105—Longitudinal acceleration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/24—Drug level, e.g. alcohol
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/26—Incapacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2555/00—Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
    • B60W2555/60—Traffic rules, e.g. speed limits or right of way
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2756/00—Output or target parameters relating to data
    • B60W2756/10—Involving external transmission of data to or from the vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle networking technologies, and in particular, to a driving behavior evaluation method and apparatus.
  • the transportation enterprise in order to reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, the transportation enterprise shall follow the requirements of the “Notice of the State Council on Further Strengthening the Safety Production of Enterprises”, and install the vehicle for the “two passengers and one danger” in line with the “vehicle terminal for the satellite transportation system of road transport vehicles”.
  • the above-mentioned satellite positioning device only collects information such as driver identity information, road video, car audio, vehicle position and the like, and still cannot effectively reduce the number of traffic accidents.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a driving behavior evaluation method and device for solving the problem that the prior art cannot effectively reduce traffic accidents, and can issue a prompt message when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior, thereby avoiding a traffic accident. occur.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a driving behavior evaluation method, including:
  • a prompt message is issued when it is determined that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a driving behavior evaluation apparatus, including:
  • a data collection and processing module configured to determine, according to the collected driving data information, a driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information
  • the prompt information sending module is configured to issue a prompt message when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior.
  • the driving behavior evaluation method and device determines the driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information according to the collected driving data information; and further sends a prompt message when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior;
  • the embodiment of the present invention can timely discover the dangerous driving behaviors during the running of the vehicle, so that measures can be taken in time to avoid the occurrence of traffic accidents, thereby effectively reducing traffic accidents.
  • Embodiment 1 is a flow chart showing the steps of Embodiment 1 of a driving behavior evaluation method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the steps of the second embodiment of the driving behavior evaluation method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a driving behavior evaluation system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of a driving behavior evaluation apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 a flow chart of a first embodiment of a driving behavior evaluation method according to the present invention is shown, which may specifically include:
  • Step 101 Determine, according to the collected driving data information, the driving data information corresponding to Driving behavior
  • the vehicle ignition process can be used as a sign of a new driving behavior. Therefore, the process of igniting the vehicle to the vehicle stalling can be used as the minimum unit for the evaluation of the driving behavior, and the driving behavior evaluation method of the present invention is started when the vehicle is ignited, and the evaluation ends when the vehicle is turned off.
  • the timing of the driving behavior evaluation according to the needs, for example, between a certain start and stop of the vehicle, and the like, and the specific timing of the driving behavior evaluation of the present invention is not limited.
  • the driving data information may be collected during the running of the vehicle, where the driving data information may specifically include: vehicle speed information, driver's face information, alcohol content information in the air of the vehicle, and time interval of the lane change. Information, acceleration information, etc. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can collect driving data information as needed, and the present invention does not limit the type of driving data information collected and the collecting method.
  • the driving data information After the driving data information is collected, by analyzing and processing the driving data information, the driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information can be determined, and when the driving behavior is found to be dangerous, a prompt message can be issued to avoid the occurrence of a traffic accident.
  • Step 102 Send a prompt message when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior.
  • the dangerous driving behavior may specifically include at least one of the following behaviors: an overspeed behavior, a drunk driving behavior, a frequent lane changing behavior, a rapid acceleration/deceleration behavior, and a fatigue driving behavior.
  • the driving data information may include: vehicle speed information; and the step of determining that the driving behavior is an overspeed behavior, which may specifically include:
  • the vehicle information of the vehicle can be determined by monitoring and analyzing the message information sent by the vehicle ABS (antilock brake system) sensor to the instrument panel, and then the vehicle position information collected by the positioning system is combined.
  • the speed limit information of the road where the current location of the vehicle is located can be determined, and the vehicle speed information and the speed limit information can be compared to determine whether the vehicle is overspeed.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: driver facial information; and the step of determining the driving behavior as a fatigue driving behavior, which may specifically include:
  • a corresponding driving behavior as a fatigue driving behavior when the frequency at which the facial information appears fatigue expression is greater than a preset frequency; wherein the fatigue expression includes at least one of the following facial expressions: blinking, nodding, shaking, bowing, and yawn.
  • the driver's facial information can be photographed by the driver's facial camera, and the facial recognition can be used to determine that the driver has frequent expressions such as blinking, nodding, shaking his head, bowing, and yawning, for example, in one minute, the fatigue expression appears. If the number of times exceeds 3, it can be determined that the driver is driving fatigue. It can be understood that the present invention does not limit the kind of the above fatigue expression and the size of the preset frequency.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: alcohol content information in the air in the vehicle; and determining the driving behavior as a driving behavior, specifically comprising: the alcohol content information in the air in the vehicle is greater than At the first threshold, the corresponding driving behavior is determined to be drunk driving behavior.
  • the first threshold is a minimum percentage of the alcohol content in the air in the vehicle in the case where the driver is able to detect alcohol consumption.
  • the present invention does not limit the specific size of the first threshold.
  • the determination rule for the drunk driving may include the following two points: firstly, the alcohol content information in the air in the vehicle is detected to be greater than the first threshold; secondly, the driver's facial camera detects the driver's fatigue driving.
  • the accuracy of determining the driving behavior can be improved by the above two steps.
  • the driver is judged to be drunk driving, even if the misjudgment is at least, it indicates that the alcohol content in the air in the vehicle has exceeded the first threshold, and the alcohol exhaled by the occupant may strongly affect the alcohol-sensitive driver.
  • the stimuli and disturbances that lead to accidents can therefore be considered a dangerous driving behavior.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: a lane change time interval information; and the step of determining the driving behavior as a frequent lane change behavior, which may specifically include:
  • the lane change time interval information is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the corresponding driving behavior is a frequent lane change behavior.
  • the angular velocity sensor determines whether the vehicle frequently changes lanes. For example, if the time interval information between two lane changes is less than a second threshold, for example, 5 minutes, it is determined to be frequent lane change driving behavior. It can be understood that the present invention does not limit the specific size of the second threshold.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: acceleration information;
  • the step of determining the driving behavior as the rapid acceleration/deceleration behavior may specifically include:
  • the acceleration information when the vehicle is running and/or braking is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that the corresponding driving behavior is the rapid acceleration/rapid deceleration behavior.
  • the acceleration information of the vehicle can be recorded by the acceleration and angular velocity sensors.
  • the behavior of the driving acceleration or the braking acceleration greater than 0.1 times the gravity acceleration it can be determined as the deep stepping on the throttle (quick acceleration) or the deep braking (quick deceleration).
  • Driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior.
  • the third threshold value is 0.1 times the gravity acceleration only as an application example of the present invention, and the present invention does not limit the specific size of the third threshold.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can evaluate the driving behavior of the driver during the running of the vehicle, and once the driving behavior is found to meet one of the dangerous driving behaviors, the driver can be prompted to correct the driver. Dangerous driving behavior to avoid accidents. It can be understood that the five dangerous driving behaviors listed above are only an application example of the present invention. In practical applications, other kinds of dangerous driving behaviors may be set, and the present invention does not limit the specific form of dangerous driving behavior. In addition, on the road of wisdom, if serious dangerous driving behaviors such as drunk driving or speeding are found, it is also possible to notify neighboring vehicles and the inspections running in the road network through the V2X (Vehicle to X) function of the smart road.
  • V2X Vehicle to X
  • V2X is a new type of vehicle road and vehicle communication technology. It has the characteristics of simple connection and low network delay. V2X is suitable for data transmission of traffic information and emergency information, and does not rely on mobile communication network to avoid signal instability. Problems and savings in traffic costs. Through the embodiment of the invention, the dangerous driving behavior existing on the road can be found in time, so that measures can be taken in time to avoid the occurrence of traffic accidents.
  • the embodiment of the present invention determines the driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information according to the collected driving data information; and further sends a prompt message when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can timely discover the dangerous driving behaviors during the running process of the vehicle, so that measures can be taken in time to avoid the occurrence of traffic accidents, and thus To effectively reduce traffic accidents.
  • the driving behavior evaluation table can also be generated, so that the road, the vehicle operation department and the traffic safety management department dynamically grasp the driving behavior of the driver through the driving behavior evaluation table, and timely discover and reduce the road safety. Hidden dangers.
  • FIG. 2 a flow chart of the steps of the second embodiment of the driving behavior evaluation method of the present invention is shown, which may specifically include:
  • Step 201 Determine, according to the collected driving data information, a driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information
  • Step 202 Send a prompt message when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior
  • Step 203 Generate a driving behavior evaluation table corresponding to the driving behavior according to a preset evaluation rule.
  • the step of generating the driving behavior evaluation table corresponding to the driving behavior according to the preset evaluation rule may specifically include:
  • Step S11 initializing a driving behavior evaluation table, and setting an initial evaluation value of the evaluation item in the driving behavior evaluation table;
  • the driving behavior evaluation table includes an evaluation item and an evaluation value corresponding to the evaluation item;
  • Step S12 When determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior, update the initial evaluation value of the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior according to a preset evaluation rule, and obtain an updated driving behavior evaluation table.
  • the driving behavior evaluation table may be initialized, and the initial evaluation value of the evaluation item in the driving behavior evaluation table may be set, for example, the initial evaluation value corresponding to each evaluation item is set.
  • Full score then the comprehensive evaluation value of the driving behavior evaluation table is a perfect score, for example, 100 points; then the evaluation items in the driving behavior evaluation table are evaluated item by item, for example, when determining that the driving behavior is dangerous driving behavior,
  • the initial evaluation value of the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior is updated, and the updated driving behavior evaluation table is obtained.
  • the preset evaluation rule may be a subtraction rule
  • the initial evaluation value of the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior, and the step of obtaining the updated driving behavior evaluation table which may specifically include:
  • the corresponding score is subtracted from the corresponding evaluation item in the driving behavior evaluation table according to the preset reduction rule, and the driving behavior evaluation table after the deduction is obtained.
  • the invention adopts the evaluation method based on the subtraction, and can intuitively evaluate the safety of the driving behavior.
  • the initial comprehensive evaluation value is 100 points, and after being evaluated by each evaluation item and subtracting the corresponding score, the final result is obtained.
  • the comprehensive evaluation value is 60 points, and the lower the overall comprehensive evaluation value indicates that there are more risks in the driving behavior.
  • the process of updating the initial evaluation value of the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior according to the preset reduction rule is only an example. In fact, those skilled in the art may also adopt preset addition rules according to actual application requirements.
  • the initial evaluation value of the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior is updated. For example, in the initial setting, the comprehensive evaluation value is 0 points. In the evaluation, each evaluation item is evaluated according to the bonus rule and the corresponding score is added. The higher the overall comprehensive evaluation value, the more the driving behavior exists. There are many risks, and the present invention does not limit the specific evaluation rules.
  • the evaluation items can be adjusted according to the investigation report of the regular traffic accidents.
  • the specific reduction rules can be evaluated according to the collected driving behavior evaluation form. The evaluation items and the reduction rules can be adjusted regularly to obtain continuous optimization. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can flexibly set the types and quantities of evaluation items according to needs, and the present invention does not limit the types of evaluation items.
  • the comprehensive evaluation value of the driving behavior evaluation table is initially 100 points, and the evaluation items in the driving behavior evaluation table are evaluated item by item during the running of the vehicle, for example,
  • the driving behavior is a speeding driving behavior
  • the corresponding score is subtracted from the corresponding evaluation item according to a preset reduction rule, assuming that 10 points are subtracted for the speeding behavior, and the driving behavior is fatigue driving.
  • the score of 5 points is subtracted from the corresponding evaluation item, and finally the driving behavior evaluation table after the deduction is obtained.
  • Table 1 an application example of a driving behavior evaluation table of the present invention is shown, which may include evaluation items and corresponding evaluation values.
  • Step 204 Upload the driving behavior evaluation table to the server.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a smart road, and the driving behavior evaluation table and/or the collected driving data information is uploaded to the server through V2X (Vehicle to X). It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to an ordinary road, and the driving behavior evaluation table and/or the collected driving data information are uploaded to a server through a mobile communication network, and the specific communication manner between the vehicle and the server according to the present invention. No restrictions.
  • the generated driving behavior evaluation table is uploaded to the server, so that the road, the vehicle operation department, and the traffic safety management department can dynamically grasp the driving behavior of the driver, and timely discover and reduce road safety hazards.
  • the data operations department accumulates a large number of cases of driving safety data and accident analysis, it can extract more driving behavior evaluation rules that are in line with national conditions. In order to cultivate a good driving behavior of the driver, thereby reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents.
  • FIG. 3 a schematic structural diagram of a driving behavior evaluation system according to the present invention is shown, which may specifically include the following modules: an information collection module 310, an information processing module 320, and a V2X communication module 330.
  • the information collection module 310 is configured to collect driving data information, and the information collection module 310 may specifically include:
  • the alcohol detecting module 311 is configured to monitor the alcohol content in the air in the vehicle, and cooperate with the driver's face camera to identify whether the driver is drunk. For the driving behavior judged to be drunk driving, the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior evaluation table is deducted by 10 points, and "suspected drunk driving" is marked in the remark column.
  • the front road camera 312 is used to record the road condition in front of the vehicle, and cooperates with the acceleration sensor Record images and sounds in front of the car in the event of a vehicle collision and sudden braking.
  • the camera can also be used with an angular velocity sensor to analyze whether the vehicle frequently changes lanes. For example, if the time interval between two lane changes is less than 5 minutes, it is determined that the vehicle is frequently changed lane driving behavior, and the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior evaluation table is determined. Decrease by 0.5 points. In general, vehicles that change lanes frequently can also be considered as vehicles that are potentially at risk of collision.
  • the acceleration and angular velocity sensor 313 is used for recording the vehicle's rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration information.
  • the behavior of the driving acceleration or the braking acceleration greater than 0.1 times the gravity acceleration it can be determined as the deep step on the throttle (quick acceleration) or the deep brake (quick deceleration).
  • Driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior, and the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior evaluation table is reduced by 1 point.
  • acceleration and angular velocity sensors are also used as navigation aids to infer the speed and position of the vehicle using acceleration and angular velocity sensors when satellite positioning signals are not available.
  • the driver's face camera 314 is configured to determine the current driver's identity information by using a face recognition technology, and to determine whether the current driver is in the state by identifying blinking, nodding, shaking his head, bowing his head, closing his eyes, and yawning. Fatigue driving behavior, if it is fatigue driving behavior, the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior evaluation table is reduced by 5 points. If the alcohol content in the air inside the vehicle exceeds the preset threshold at the same time, it can be determined as drunk driving behavior. In addition, the driver's face camera can also be used to determine if the driver is in an angry state, which can also be used as an aspect of evaluating dangerous driving behavior.
  • the type of information collected by the information collection module is only an application example of the present invention. In practical applications, the present invention does not limit the type and quantity of information collected by the information collection module.
  • the information processing module 320 is configured to analyze the driving data information collected by each sensor, and maintain the driving behavior evaluation table, and upload the collected driving data information and/or the generated driving behavior evaluation table to the server.
  • the V2X communication module 330 is configured to perform vehicle-way coordinated communication. This communication method relies on a smart road with V2X functionality without relying on the mobile communication network.
  • system may further include:
  • a GPS (Global Positioning System)/BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) positioning module 340 is used to locate a specific location of the vehicle. In China's complex road conditions, Beidou receivers outperform GPS receivers in some applications.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts a dual-mode positioning algorithm fusion, that is, a two-mode positioning system is simultaneously used. System, with higher positioning accuracy.
  • system may further include:
  • a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus protocol parsing module 350 is configured to collect data on the vehicle CAN bus and determine the current operating state of the vehicle through data analysis.
  • system may further include:
  • the real-time clock module 360 is used to generate a real-time clock, which can mark time for important events, such as start/stop, rapid acceleration, rapid deceleration, jerk, collision, fatigue driving and the like.
  • system may further include:
  • 4G (the 4th Generation Mobile Communication) communication module 370 is used in the place where there is no V2X communication environment, and the 4G communication module can serve as a supplementary data channel.
  • the method for evaluating driving behavior may include the following steps:
  • Step S21 downloading the latest evaluation rule, and initializing the driving behavior evaluation table
  • the V2X communication module communicates with the smart road to download the latest evaluation rules, including evaluation items and reduction rules.
  • the corresponding score is deducted, and finally the comprehensive evaluation value of the driving behavior can be obtained.
  • Step S22 Determine, according to the collected driving data information, a driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information
  • Step S23 issuing a prompt message when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior
  • Step S24 When determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior, according to a preset reduction rule, subtracting a corresponding score from the corresponding evaluation item in the driving behavior evaluation table, and obtaining a driving behavior evaluation table after the reduction.
  • the information processing module analyzes the driving data information in real time, and when the driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information is a dangerous driving behavior, according to the preset reduction rule, the corresponding evaluation item in the driving behavior evaluation table is Subtract the corresponding score.
  • the following evaluation items may specifically be included:
  • Step S240 not wearing a seat belt
  • the locking signal of the driver's seat belt can be obtained through the CAN bus BCM (body control module). If it is determined that the driver does not wear a seat belt after ignition, it is considered a dangerous driving behavior.
  • Step S241 detecting alcohol
  • the alcohol detecting module also considers it to be a dangerous driving behavior when detecting alcohol. For example, the alcohol exhaled by the occupant may bring strong stimulation to the alcohol-sensitive driver. Interference, which leads to accidents.
  • Step S242 drunk driving
  • the determination rule for the drunk driving may include: first detecting alcohol, and secondly, the driver's facial camera detects driver fatigue driving.
  • Step S243 rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration
  • Both the rapid acceleration and the rapid deceleration behavior determined by the acceleration sensor can be judged as dangerous driving behavior.
  • Step S244 frequently changing lanes
  • the time interval of two consecutive lane changes is less than 1 minute, it is judged that the current driving behavior is a frequent lane change, which is a dangerous driving behavior.
  • Step S245 the non-owner himself drives the car
  • Step S246 fatigue driving
  • Step S247 driving on a rough road
  • the acceleration sensor and the angular velocity sensor determine whether the current vehicle is exercising on a city road, and if it is a rough road, it is determined to be a dangerous driving behavior.
  • Step S248 a collision occurs
  • the acceleration sensor reports the collision information, indicating that the vehicle collides, and determines that it is dangerous driving behavior.
  • Step S249 Overspeed.
  • Can bus analysis module can monitor and analyze ABS (antilock brake system, system The anti-locking system)
  • ABS antilock brake system
  • the message information sent by the sensor to the instrument panel combined with the current position information of the vehicle collected by the GPS/BDS, can determine the current road speed limit and whether the vehicle is overspeed.
  • Step S25 Upload the driving behavior evaluation table to the server.
  • the logo completes the evaluation of a driving behavior, and the evaluation result can be transmitted to the server through the V2X or 4G network.
  • FIG. 4 a structural block diagram of an embodiment of a driving behavior evaluation apparatus according to the present invention is shown, which may specifically include:
  • the data collection processing module 410 is configured to determine, according to the collected driving data information, a driving behavior corresponding to the driving data information;
  • the prompt information sending module 420 is configured to issue prompt information when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: vehicle speed information; and the dangerous driving behavior may specifically include an overspeed behavior;
  • the device may further include:
  • the overspeed determining module is configured to determine that the corresponding driving behavior is an overspeed behavior when the vehicle speed information is greater than the current road speed limit information.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: alcohol content information in the air in the vehicle; and the dangerous driving behavior may specifically include a driving behavior;
  • the device may further include:
  • the drunk driving determination module is configured to determine that the corresponding driving behavior is a drunk driving behavior when the alcohol content information in the air in the vehicle is greater than a first threshold.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: lane change time interval information; and the dangerous driving behavior may specifically include frequent lane change behavior;
  • the device may further include:
  • the frequent lane change determining module is configured to determine that the corresponding driving behavior is a frequent lane changing behavior when the lane change time interval information is less than the second threshold.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: acceleration information; and the dangerous driving behavior may specifically include a sudden acceleration/rapid deceleration behavior;
  • the device may further include:
  • the rapid acceleration rapid deceleration determining module is configured to determine that the corresponding driving behavior is a rapid acceleration/rapid deceleration behavior when the acceleration information when the vehicle is running and/or braking is greater than a third threshold.
  • the driving data information may specifically include: driver facial information; the dangerous driving behavior may specifically include fatigue driving behavior;
  • the device may further include:
  • the fatigue driving determination module is configured to determine that the corresponding driving behavior is a fatigue driving behavior when the frequency of the fatigue expression of the facial information is greater than the preset frequency; wherein the fatigue expression may include at least one of the following facial expressions: Blink, nod, shake your head, bow your head and yawn.
  • the apparatus may further include:
  • An evaluation table generating module configured to generate a driving behavior evaluation table corresponding to the driving behavior according to a preset evaluation rule
  • the uploading module is configured to upload the driving behavior evaluation table to the server.
  • the evaluation table generating module may specifically include:
  • the initialization sub-module is configured to initialize a driving behavior evaluation table, and set an initial evaluation value of the evaluation item in the driving behavior evaluation table;
  • the driving behavior evaluation table includes an evaluation item and an evaluation value corresponding to the evaluation item;
  • the update submodule is configured to update the initial evaluation value of the evaluation item corresponding to the driving behavior according to a preset evaluation rule when determining that the driving behavior is a dangerous driving behavior, and obtain an updated driving behavior evaluation table.
  • the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method embodiment.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, ie may be located A place, or it can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without deliberate labor.
  • the points may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer)
  • the server, or network device, etc. performs the methods described in various embodiments or portions of the embodiments.

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Abstract

一种驾驶行为评测方法及装置，其中的方法具体包括：根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为（101）；在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息（102）。驾驶行为评测方法及装置可以在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息，从而避免交通事故的发生。

Description

一种驾驶行为评测方法及装置
本申请要求在2015年11月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510753643.8、发明名称为“一种驾驶行为评测方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及车联网技术领域，尤其涉及一种驾驶行为评测方法及装置。
背景技术
随着社会经济的不断发展，人们的生活水平不断提高，汽车已经成为人们生活中必不可少的交通工具。然而，驾驶员的驾驶技术参差不齐，在驾驶车辆过程中存在很多不安全或者不合理的操作行为，容易导致交通事故的发生。
现有方案中，为了减少交通事故的发生，运输企业需按照《国务院关于进一步加强企业安全生产工作的通知》的要求，为“两客一危”车辆安装符合《道路运输车辆卫星定位***车载终端技术要求》(JT/T794-2011)的卫星定位装置，并接入全国重点营运车辆联网联控***，保证车辆监控数据准确、实时、完整地传输，确保车载卫星定位装置工作正常、数据准确、监控有效。
然而，上述卫星定位装置仅仅对驾驶员身份信息、车路视频、车厢音频、车辆位置等信息进行采集，仍然不能有效地减少交通事故发生的数量。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种驾驶行为评测方法及装置，用以解决现有技术不能有效减少交通事故的问题，可以在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息，从而避免交通事故的发生。
本发明实施例提供一种驾驶行为评测方法，包括：
根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；
在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息。
本发明实施例提供一种驾驶行为评测装置，包括：
数据采集处理模块，用于根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；及
提示信息发送模块，用于在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息。
本发明实施例提供的驾驶行为评测方法及装置，根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；进而在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息；相对于现有技术，本发明实施例可以在车辆行驶过程中及时发现存在的危险驾驶行为，从而可以及时采取措施以避免交通事故的发生，进而可以有效减少交通事故。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测方法实施例一的步骤流程图；
图2示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测方法实施例二的步骤流程图；
图3示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测***的结构示意图；
图4示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测装置实施例的结构框图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
参照图1，示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测方法实施例一的步骤流程图，具体可以包括：
步骤101、根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的 驾驶行为；
在本发明实施例中，车辆点火过程可以作为一次新的驾驶行为开始的标志。因此，可以将车辆点火到车辆熄火的过程作为驾驶行为评测的最小单位，在车辆点火时开始执行本发明的驾驶行为评测方法，在车辆熄火时，评测结束。当然，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需要选择驾驶行为评测的时机，例如在车辆的某次启动和停止之间进行评测等等，本发明对于驾驶行为评测的具体时机不加以限制。
本发明实施例可以在车辆行驶过程中，对驾驶数据信息进行采集，其中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：车速信息、驾驶员面部信息、车内空气中的酒精含量信息、变道时间间隔信息、加速度信息等。在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对驾驶数据信息进行采集，本发明对于采集的驾驶数据信息的种类以及采集方法不加以限制。在采集得到驾驶数据信息之后，通过对驾驶数据信息进行分析处理，可以确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为，一旦发现驾驶行为存在危险时，即可发出提示信息，以避免交通事故的发生。
步骤102、在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息。
在本发明实施例中，所述危险驾驶行为具体可以包括如下行为中的至少一种：超速行为、酒驾行为、频繁变道行为、急加速/急减速行为和疲劳驾驶行为。
本发明实施例可以提供确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为的如下技术方案：
技术方案1
技术方案1中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：车速信息；确定所述驾驶行为为超速行为的步骤，具体可以包括：
在所述车速信息大于当前道路限速信息时，确定对应的驾驶行为为超速行为。
在具体应用中，可以通过监听并解析车辆ABS(antilock brake system，制动防抱死***)传感器发送给仪表盘的报文信息，确定车辆的车速信息，再结合定位***采集得到的车辆位置信息，可以确定车辆当前位置所在道路的限速信息，通过对比车速信息和限速信息可以确定车辆是否超速。
技术方案2
技术方案2中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：驾驶员面部信息；确定所述驾驶行为为疲劳驾驶行为的步骤，具体可以包括：
在所述面部信息出现疲劳表情的频率大于预设频率时，确定对应的驾驶行为为疲劳驾驶行为；其中，所述疲劳表情包括如下面部表情中的至少一种：眨眼、点头、摇头、低头和哈欠。
在具体应用中，可以通过驾驶员面部摄像头拍摄驾驶员的面部信息，通过人脸识别判定驾驶员存在频繁眨眼、点头、摇头、低头和哈欠等表情，例如在一分钟内，出现上述疲劳表情的次数超过3次，则可以判定驾驶员为疲劳驾驶。可以理解，本发明对于上述疲劳表情的种类以及预设频率的大小不加以限制。
技术方案3
技术方案3中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：车内空气中的酒精含量信息；确定所述驾驶行为为酒驾行为的步骤，具体可以包括：在所述车内空气中的酒精含量信息大于第一阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为酒驾行为。
其中，所述第一阈值为能够检测出驾驶员饮酒的情况下，车内空气中酒精含量的最低百分比，当然，本发明对于第一阈值的具体大小不加以限制。在实际应用中，由于检测酒驾的功能有可能存在一定的误差，例如，乘员呼出的酒精也可能导致车内空气中的酒精含量大于第一阈值，则会误判定为酒驾行为，因此，在本发明实施例中，对于酒驾的判定规则可以包括如下两点：首先检测到车内空气中的酒精含量信息大于第一阈值；其次，驾驶员面部摄像头检测到驾驶员疲劳驾驶。由于醉酒的人通常处于疲劳状态，因此通过上述两步可以提高判定酒驾行为的准确性。当然，在驾驶员被判定为酒驾的情况下，即使是误判，都至少表明车内空气中的酒精含量已经超过第一阈值，由于乘员呼出的酒精可能会对酒精敏感的驾驶员带来强烈的刺激和干扰，从而导致事故的发生，因此，也可以认为是一种危险驾驶行为。
技术方案4
技术方案4中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：变道时间间隔信息；确定所述驾驶行为为频繁变道行为的步骤，具体可以包括：
在所述变道时间间隔信息小于第二阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为频繁变道行为。
在具体应用中，可以通过前方道路摄像头拍摄车辆前方的路况，再配合 角速度传感器来确定车辆是否频繁变道，例如每两次变道之间的时间间隔信息小于第二阈值，例如5分钟，则确定为频繁变道驾驶行为。可以理解，本发明对于第二阈值的具体大小不加以限制。
技术方案5
技术方案5中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：加速度信息；
确定所述驾驶行为为急加速/急减速行为的步骤，具体可以包括：
在车辆行驶和/或刹车时的加速度信息大于第三阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为急加速/急减速行为。
在具体应用中，可以通过加速度和角速度传感器记录车辆的加速度信息，对于行驶加速度或者刹车加速度大于0.1倍重力加速度的行为，可以判定为深踩油门(急加速)或者深踩刹车(急减速)的驾驶行为，均属于危险驾驶行为。可以理解，其中第三阈值为0.1倍重力加速度仅作为本发明的一种应用示例，本发明对于第三阈值的具体大小不加以限制。
在实际应用中，本发明实施例在车辆行驶过程中，可以对驾驶员的驾驶行为进行评测，一旦发现驾驶行为符合上述危险驾驶行为之一时，即可向驾驶员发出提示信息，以纠正驾驶员的危险驾驶行为，避免事故的发生。可以理解，上述列举的五种危险驾驶行为仅作为本发明的一种应用示例，在实际应用中，可以设置其它种类的危险驾驶行为，本发明对于危险驾驶行为的具体形式不加以限制。此外，在智慧道路上，如果发现酒驾或者超速等严重的危险驾驶行为，还可以通过智慧道路的V2X(Vehicle to X，车对外界的信息交换)功能通知邻近车辆以及在路网中运行的稽查车辆，以提示邻近车辆注意危险，并且通知稽查车辆，对危险行驶的车辆进行实时定位和追捕。其中，V2X是新型的车路、车车通信技术，具有建立连接简单、网络延迟低等特点，V2X适用于交通信息和紧急信息的数据传输，而且不依赖移动通信网络，可以避免信号不稳定的问题以及节约流量成本。通过本发明实施例，可以及时发现道路上存在的危险驾驶行为，从而可以及时采取措施以避免交通事故的发生。
综上，本发明实施例根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；进而在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息。相对于现有技术，本发明实施例可以在车辆行驶过程中及时发现存在的危险驾驶行为，从而可以及时采取措施以避免交通事故的发生，进而可 以有效减少交通事故。
实施例二
本实施例在上述实施例一的基础上，还可以包括如下可选技术方案。本实施例在对驾驶行为评测过程中，还可以生成驾驶行为评测表，以使道路、车辆运营部门和交通安全管理部门通过驾驶行为评测表动态掌握驾驶员的驾驶行为，及时发现并且减少道路安全隐患。
参照图2，示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测方法实施例二的步骤流程图，具体可以包括：
步骤201、根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；
步骤202、在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息；
步骤203、按照预置的评测规则，生成所述驾驶行为对应的驾驶行为评测表；
在本发明的一种优选实施例中，所述按照预置的评测规则，生成所述驾驶行为对应的驾驶行为评测表的步骤，具体可以包括：
步骤S11、初始化驾驶行为评测表，设置所述驾驶行为评测表中评测项目的初始评测值；所述驾驶行为评测表中包括评测项目以及所述评测项目对应的评测值；
步骤S12、在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的评测规则，更新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值，得到更新后的驾驶行为评测表。
在本发明的一种应用示例中，在车辆点火启动之后，可以初始化驾驶行为评测表，设置所述驾驶行为评测表中评测项目的初始评测值，例如设置各评测项目对应的初始评测值均为满分，则此时驾驶行为评测表的综合评测值为满分，例如100分；随后对驾驶行为评测表中的评测项目逐项进行评测，例如，在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，可以按照预置的评测规则，更新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值，得到更新后的驾驶行为评测表。
在本发明的一种优选实施例中，所述预置的评测规则可以为减分规则；
所述在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的评测规则，更 新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值，得到更新后的驾驶行为评测表的步骤，具体可以包括：
在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的减分规则，对驾驶行为评测表中对应的评测项目减去相应的分值，得到减分后的驾驶行为评测表。本发明采用基于减分的评测方法，可以直观地评测出驾驶行为的安全性，例如，初始时的综合评测值为100分，经过对各评测项目进行评测并减去相应分值后最终得到的综合评测值为60分，最终的综合评测值越低，则说明该驾驶行为中存在更多的风险。
可以理解，上述按照预置的减分规则更新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值的过程只是作为示例，实际上，本领域技术人员还可以根据实际应用需求，采用预置的加法规则更新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值。例如，在初始时设置综合评测值为0分，在评测时，按照加分规则对各评测项目进行评测并加上相应分值，最终的综合评测值越高，则说明该驾驶行为中存在更多的风险，本发明对于具体的评测规则不加以限制。其中的评测项目可以根据定期交通事故的调查报告进行调整，具体的减分规则可以根据收集的驾驶行为评测表进行评估得到，评测项目和减分规则可以定期进行调整，以得到不断的优化。在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需要灵活设置评测项目的种类和数量，本发明对于评测项目的种类不加以限制。
在本发明的一种应用示例中，在车辆点火后，驾驶行为评测表的综合评测值初始为100分，在车辆行驶过程中，对驾驶行为评测表中的评测项目逐项进行评测，例如，在确定所述驾驶行为为超速驾驶行为时，按照预置的减分规则，对相应的评测项目减去相应的分值，假设对于超速驾驶行为减去10分，在所述驾驶行为为疲劳驾驶行为时，在相应的评测项目中减去5分等，最终可以得到减分后的驾驶行为评测表。参照表1，示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测表的应用示例，其中可以包括评测项目和对应的评测值。
表1
Figure PCTCN2016083296-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016083296-appb-000002
步骤204、将所述驾驶行为评测表上传至服务器。
本发明实施例可以应用于智慧道路，将所述驾驶行为评测表和/或采集得到的驾驶数据信息通过V2X(Vehicle to X，车对外界的信息交换)技术上传至服务器。可以理解，本发明实施例也可以应用于普通道路，通过移动通信网络将所述驾驶行为评测表和/或采集得到的驾驶数据信息上传至服务器，本发明对于车辆与服务器之间的具体通信方式不加以限制。
本发明实施例将生成的驾驶行为评测表上传至服务器，以使道路、车辆运营部门和交通安全管理部门能够动态掌握驾驶员的驾驶行为，及时发现并且减少道路安全隐患。在数据运营部门积累到大量驾驶安全数据和事故分析的案例后，能够提炼出更加符合国情的驾驶行为评估规则。以培养驾驶员良好的驾驶行为，从而减少交通事故的发生。
实施例三
参照图3，示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测***的结构示意图，具体可以包括如下模块：信息采集模块310、信息处理模块320和V2X通信模块330。
其中，信息采集模块310用于采集驾驶数据信息，信息采集模块310具体可以包括：
酒精检测模块311，用于监测车内空气中的酒精含量，以及配合驾驶员面部摄像头用来识别驾驶员是否处于酒驾。对于判定为酒驾的驾驶行为，对驾驶行为评测表对应的评测项目减10分，并在备注栏标注“疑似酒驾”。
前方道路摄像头312，用于记录车辆前方的路况，并且配合加速度传感器 录制车辆碰撞和急刹车状态下的车前方影像和声音。该摄像头还可以配合角速度传感器用于分析车辆是否频繁变道，例如每两次变道之间的时间间隔小于5分钟，则确定为频繁变道驾驶行为，则对驾驶行为评测表对应的评测项目减0.5分。通常，频繁变道的车辆被还可以被认为是潜在发生碰撞危险的车辆。
加速度和角速度传感器313，用于记录车辆急加速和急减速信息，对于行驶加速度或者刹车加速度大于0.1倍重力加速度的行为，可以判定为深踩油门(急加速)或者深踩刹车(急减速)的驾驶行为，均属于危险驾驶行为，则对驾驶行为评测表对应的评测项目减1分。此外，加速度和角速度传感器还用作导航辅助的设备，当卫星定位信号不可用时，可以使用加速度和角速度传感器对车辆的速度和位置进行推断。
驾驶员面部摄像头314，用于通过人脸识别技术，使用生物方法判断当前驾驶员的身份信息，以及，通过识别眨眼、点头、摇头、低头、闭眼和哈欠等状态，判断当前驾驶员是否处于疲劳驾驶行为，若为疲劳驾驶行为，对驾驶行为评测表对应的评测项目减5分。如果同时出现车内空气中的酒精含量超过预设阈值的情况，则可以判定为酒驾行为。此外，驾驶员面部摄像头还可用于判断驾驶员是否处于愤怒状态，这也可以作为评测危险驾驶行为的一个方面。
可以理解，上述信息采集模块采集的信息种类仅作为本发明的一种应用示例，在实际应用中，本发明对于信息采集模块采集的信息种类和数量不加以限制。
信息处理模块320，用于负责分析各个传感器采集的驾驶数据信息，以及维护驾驶行为评测表，并且将采集得到的驾驶数据信息和/或生成的驾驶行为评测表上传至服务器。
V2X通信模块330，用于进行车路协同的通信。该通信方式依赖于具有V2X功能的智慧道路，而不用依赖于移动通信网络。
在本发明的一种优选实施例中，所述***还可以包括：
GPS(Global Positioning System，全球定位***)/BDS(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System，中国北斗卫星导航***)定位模块340，用于定位车辆的具***置。在中国的复杂路况上，北斗接收机在部分场合的性能优于GPS接收机。本发明实施例采用双模定位算法融合，也即同时采用两种模式的定位系 统，具有更高的定位精度。
在本发明的另一种优选实施例中，所述***还可以包括：
CAN(Controller Area Network，控制器局域网络)总线协议解析模块350，用于采集车辆CAN总线上的数据，并且通过数据分析，确定车辆当前的运转状态。
在本发明的又一种优选实施例中，所述***还可以包括：
实时时钟模块360，用于产生实时时钟，可以为重要事件标记时间，如启动/停止、急加速急减速、猛转向、碰撞、疲劳驾驶等事件标记时间。
在本发明的再一种优选实施例中，所述***还可以包括：
4G(the 4th Generation mobile communication，***移动通信技术)通信模块370，用于在没有V2X通信环境的地方，4G通信模块可以作为补充的数据通道。
应用示例
在本发明的一种应用示例中，采用上述驾驶行为评测***，对驾驶行为进行评测的方法具体可以包括以下步骤：
步骤S21：下载最新的评测规则，以及初始化驾驶行为评测表；
在车辆点火成功之后，认为车辆已经进入行驶状态，V2X通信模块与智慧道路进行通信，下载最新的评测规则，其中包括评测项目和减分规则。在驾驶过程中，如果某个评测项目满足减分规则，则扣除相应的分数，最后可以得到此次驾驶行为的综合评测值。
步骤S22、根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；
步骤S23、在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息；
步骤S24、在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的减分规则，对驾驶行为评测表中对应的评测项目减去相应的分值，得到减分后的驾驶行为评测表。
在整个行车过程中，信息处理模块会实时分析驾驶数据信息，在所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的减分规则，对驾驶行为评测表中对应的评测项目减去相应的分值。在本应用示例中，具体可以包括如下评测项目：
步骤S240：未系安全带；
具体地，可以通过CAN总线BCM(车身控制模块)获取驾驶员安全带的锁紧信号。如果确定驾驶员在点火后没有系安全带，则认为是危险驾驶行为。
步骤S241：检测到酒精；
由于检测酒驾的功能有可能存在一定的误差，因此酒精检测模块检测到酒精时，也认为是一种危险驾驶行为，例如，乘员呼出的酒精可能会对酒精敏感的驾驶员带来强烈的刺激和干扰，从而导致事故的发生。
步骤S242：酒驾；
在本发明实施例中，对于酒驾的判定规则可以包括：首先检测到酒精，其次，驾驶员面部摄像头检测到驾驶员疲劳驾驶。
步骤S243：急加速和急减速；
通过加速度传感器确定的急加速和急减速行为，均可判定为危险驾驶行为。
步骤S244：频繁变道；
具体地，若两次连续变道的时间间隔小于1分钟，判断当前驾驶行为为频繁变道，属于危险驾驶行为。
步骤S245：非车主本人驾车；
在实际应用中，陌生人开车也有可能造成危险，因此，通过驾驶员面部摄像头识别到当前驾驶员并非车主本人，则判定为危险驾驶行为。
步骤S246：疲劳驾驶；
通过人脸识别判定驾驶员存在频繁眨眼、低头、点头和哈欠等表情，判定驾驶员为疲劳驾驶，为危险驾驶行为。
步骤S247：在崎岖道路驾驶；
通过加速度传感器和角速度传感器判定当前车辆是否行使在城市道路上，如果是崎岖道路，则判定为危险驾驶行为。
步骤S248：发生碰撞；
加速度传感器会上报碰撞信息，表明车辆发生碰撞，则判定为危险驾驶行为。
步骤S249：超速。
通过Can总线解析模块可以监听并解析ABS(antilock brake system，制 动防抱死***)传感器发送给仪表盘的报文信息，再结合GPS/BDS采集到的车辆当前位置信息，可以确定当前道路限速速度和车辆是否超速。
步骤S25、将所述驾驶行为评测表上传至服务器。
当车辆熄火后，标志完成了一次驾驶行为的评测，可以将评测结果通过V2X或者4G网络传送到服务器。
装置实施例
参照图4，示出了本发明的一种驾驶行为评测装置实施例的结构框图，具体可以包括：
数据采集处理模块410，用于根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；及
提示信息发送模块420，用于在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息。
在本发明的一种优选实施例中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：车速信息；所述危险驾驶行为具体可以包括超速行为；
所述装置还可以包括：
超速确定模块，用于在所述车速信息大于当前道路限速信息时，确定对应的驾驶行为为超速行为。
在本发明的另一种优选实施例中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：车内空气中的酒精含量信息；所述危险驾驶行为具体可以包括酒驾行为；
所述装置还可以包括：
酒驾确定模块，用于在所述车内空气中的酒精含量信息大于第一阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为酒驾行为。
在本发明的又一种优选实施例中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：变道时间间隔信息；所述危险驾驶行为具体可以包括频繁变道行为；
所述装置还可以包括：
频繁变道确定模块，用于在所述变道时间间隔信息小于第二阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为频繁变道行为。
在本发明的再一种优选实施例中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：加速度信息；所述危险驾驶行为具体可以包括急加速/急减速行为；
所述装置还可以包括：
急加速急减速确定模块，用于在车辆行驶和/或刹车时的加速度信息大于第三阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为急加速/急减速行为。
在本发明的再一种优选实施例中，所述驾驶数据信息具体可以包括：驾驶员面部信息；所述危险驾驶行为具体可以包括疲劳驾驶行为；
所述装置还可以包括：
疲劳驾驶确定模块，用于在所述面部信息出现疲劳表情的频率大于预设频率时，确定对应的驾驶行为为疲劳驾驶行为；其中，所述疲劳表情可以包括如下面部表情中的至少一种：眨眼、点头、摇头、低头和哈欠。
在本发明的再一种优选实施例中，所述装置还可以包括：
评测表生成模块，用于按照预置的评测规则，生成所述驾驶行为对应的驾驶行为评测表；
上传模块，用于将所述驾驶行为评测表上传至服务器。
在本发明的再一种优选实施例中，所述评测表生成模块，具体可以包括：
初始化子模块，用于初始化驾驶行为评测表，设置所述驾驶行为评测表中评测项目的初始评测值；所述驾驶行为评测表中包括评测项目以及所述评测项目对应的评测值；
更新子模块，用于在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的评测规则，更新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值，得到更新后的驾驶行为评测表。
对于装置实施例而言，由于其与方法实施例基本相似，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解，上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部 分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种驾驶行为评测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；
    在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：车速信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括超速行为；
    所述确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为的步骤，包括：
    在所述车速信息大于当前道路限速信息时，确定对应的驾驶行为为超速行为。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：车内空气中的酒精含量信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括酒驾行为；
    所述确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为的步骤，包括：
    在所述车内空气中的酒精含量信息大于第一阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为酒驾行为。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：变道时间间隔信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括频繁变道行为；
    所述确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为的步骤，包括：
    在所述变道时间间隔信息小于第二阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为频繁变道行为。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：加速度信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括急加速/急减速行为；
    所述确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为的步骤，包括：
    在车辆行驶和/或刹车时的加速度信息大于第三阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为急加速/急减速行为。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：驾驶员面部信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括疲劳驾驶行为；
    所述确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为的步骤，包括：
    在所述面部信息出现疲劳表情的频率大于预设频率时，确定对应的驾驶行为为疲劳驾驶行为；其中，所述疲劳表情包括如下面部表情中的至少一种：眨眼、点头、摇头、低头和哈欠。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    按照预置的评测规则，生成所述驾驶行为对应的驾驶行为评测表；
    将所述驾驶行为评测表上传至服务器。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照预置的评测规则，生成所述驾驶行为对应的驾驶行为评测表的步骤，包括：
    初始化驾驶行为评测表，设置所述驾驶行为评测表中评测项目的初始评测值；所述驾驶行为评测表中包括评测项目以及所述评测项目对应的评测值；
    在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的评测规则，更新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值，得到更新后的驾驶行为评测表。
  9. 一种驾驶行为评测装置，其特征在于，包括：
    数据采集处理模块，用于根据采集得到的驾驶数据信息，确定所述驾驶数据信息对应的驾驶行为；及
    提示信息发送模块，用于在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，发出提示信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：车速信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括超速行为；
    所述装置还包括：
    超速确定模块，用于在所述车速信息大于当前道路限速信息时，确定对应的驾驶行为为超速行为。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：车内空气中的酒精含量信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括酒驾行为；
    所述装置还包括：
    酒驾确定模块，用于在所述车内空气中的酒精含量信息大于第一阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为酒驾行为。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：变道时间间隔信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括频繁变道行为；
    所述装置还包括：
    频繁变道确定模块，用于在所述变道时间间隔信息小于第二阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为频繁变道行为。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：加速度信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括急加速/急减速行为；
    所述装置还包括：
    急加速急减速确定模块，用于在车辆行驶和/或刹车时的加速度信息大于第三阈值时，确定对应的驾驶行为为急加速/急减速行为。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述驾驶数据信息包括：驾驶员面部信息，所述危险驾驶行为包括疲劳驾驶行为；
    所述装置还包括：
    疲劳驾驶确定模块，用于在所述面部信息出现疲劳表情的频率大于预设频率时，确定对应的驾驶行为为疲劳驾驶行为；其中，所述疲劳表情包括如下面部表情中的至少一种：眨眼、点头、摇头、低头和哈欠。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    评测表生成模块，用于按照预置的评测规则，生成所述驾驶行为对应的驾驶行为评测表；
    上传模块，用于将所述驾驶行为评测表上传至服务器。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述评测表生成模块，包括：
    初始化子模块，用于初始化驾驶行为评测表，设置所述驾驶行为评测表中评测项目的初始评测值；所述驾驶行为评测表中包括评测项目以及所述评测项目对应的评测值；
    更新子模块，用于在确定所述驾驶行为为危险驾驶行为时，按照预置的评测规则，更新所述驾驶行为对应的评测项目的初始评测值，得到更新后的驾驶行为评测表。
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