WO2016204295A1 - Dispositif de détection d'ondes ultrasonores - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection d'ondes ultrasonores Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016204295A1
WO2016204295A1 PCT/JP2016/068188 JP2016068188W WO2016204295A1 WO 2016204295 A1 WO2016204295 A1 WO 2016204295A1 JP 2016068188 W JP2016068188 W JP 2016068188W WO 2016204295 A1 WO2016204295 A1 WO 2016204295A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric vibrator
cylindrical
ultrasonic sensor
wall body
ultrasonic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/068188
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
尚広 堀田
亨 羽田
田中　正吉
大矢　茂正
伊藤　智彦
繁雄 小林
Original Assignee
日清紡ホールディングス株式会社
日本無線株式会社
上田日本無線株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2015122284A external-priority patent/JP2018128255A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2015122286A external-priority patent/JP2018128257A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2015122285A external-priority patent/JP2018128256A/ja
Application filed by 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社, 日本無線株式会社, 上田日本無線株式会社 filed Critical 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社
Publication of WO2016204295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016204295A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/48—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/521—Constructional features
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2015/937—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles sensor installation details
    • G01S2015/938—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles sensor installation details in the bumper area

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultrasonic detector.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous for detecting the position of a person or an object that is mounted on the surface of a flat substrate such as a bumper of an automobile and exists in a space opposite to the mounting surface of the ultrasonic sensor.
  • the present invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor that can be used for the above.
  • the present invention also provides a position of a human or an object existing in a space in contact with the surface opposite to the mounting surface of the ultrasonic sensor, including the flat substrate and the ultrasonic sensor mounted on the surface of the flat substrate. It also relates to an ultrasonic detection device that can be advantageously used for detection.
  • an ultrasonic sensor is attached to the bumper of the automobile and the ultrasonic wave is installed.
  • the presence of humans and objects by transmitting ultrasonic waves from the sensor toward the space where humans and objects are expected, and then receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected from the humans and objects by the ultrasonic sensor
  • Various ultrasonic detectors used for detecting the position of the sensor have already been developed and are actually used.
  • an ultrasonic sensor one having a structure in which a piezoelectric vibrator having an ultrasonic transmission / reception function is built in a casing is generally used.
  • a method of attaching the ultrasonic sensor to the bumper of the automobile As a method of attaching the ultrasonic sensor to the bumper of the automobile, a method of joining and fixing the ultrasonic sensor to the front surface of the bumper (the surface opposite to the surface facing the automobile body), forming a hole in the bumper, There are known a method in which an ultrasonic sensor is mounted in the hole, and a method in which the ultrasonic sensor is bonded and fixed to the back side surface of the bumper (the surface facing the automobile body).
  • the ultrasonic detection system configured by bonding and fixing the ultrasonic sensor to the front surface of the bumper, but there is no ultrasonic problem on the front surface of the bumper. Since the sensor protrudes, an aesthetic problem occurs in the appearance of the bumper.
  • the ultrasonic sensor protruding from the bumper surface is easily damaged by contact with an object such as another automobile or a human being.
  • an ultrasonic detection system configured using a method in which a hole is formed in a bumper and an ultrasonic sensor is mounted in the hole, the formation of the hole in the bumper itself has aesthetic resistance. Also, it is not preferred because it leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the bumper.
  • an ultrasonic detection system configured by bonding and fixing an ultrasonic sensor to the backside surface of the bumper does not show the presence of the ultrasonic sensor when the automobile is observed from a normal position, and the mechanical strength of the bumper.
  • This is a preferred form because it does not cause the problem of lowering.
  • the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the ultrasonic sensor passes through the bumper and propagates to the front space, it also causes a minute vibration of the bumper, so that the ultrasonic sensor shows a preferable vibration mode and directivity.
  • the signal characteristics of the ultrasonic wave transmitted after adjustment changes due to the passage of the bumper, and the ultrasonic wave transmitted to the space in front of the bumper does not easily exhibit the desired directivity.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a component having a continuous substantially flat member and a surface forming a hole as an acoustic transmission or reception device particularly suitable for use as an auxiliary means for parking. The surface is attached to the flat member around the entire hole, a component that causes a portion of the member to cover the hole, and movement of the portion of the member is converted into an electrical signal;
  • An acoustic transmission or reception device is disclosed, comprising an acoustic transducer attached to the portion so as to be vice versa.
  • this patent document 1 describes that the acoustic transmission or reception apparatus having the above-described configuration is such that an acoustic signal having a predetermined beam width is transmitted through a member such as a bumper with a relatively low loss. Is seen.
  • the acoustic transmission or reception device described in Patent Document 1 is mainly intended for an ultrasonic detection device configured by mounting an ultrasonic sensor on the back surface of a bumper (bumper bar).
  • the drive bar of the acoustic transducer is bonded to the back surface of the sensor and is attached and fixed by ultrasonic welding around its edge, and the wall thickness of the drive bar is not contacted with the drive bar.
  • a flat member, which is a wall body, is disposed, and is ultrasonically welded to the bumper.
  • Patent Document 1 such a configuration suppresses the vibration of the bumper due to the acoustic energy such as the ultrasonic wave propagated from the drive bar of the acoustic transducer to the bumper, and has a predetermined beam width. It is described that the signal is transmitted through a member such as a bumper with relatively low loss.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses an ultrasonic sensor as an ultrasonic sensor capable of ensuring good directivity even when an ultrasonic sensor is housed in a housing and attached to the back surface of a vehicle bumper or a resin portion.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator (ultrasonic vibrator) for transmitting and receiving and housing the piezoelectric vibrator, the piezoelectric vibrator being in contact with the inner surface of the bottom surface portion and being fixed, and the outer surface of the bottom surface portion being A housing that contacts the inner surface of the vehicle bumper or the resin portion, and the housing is in contact with the vehicle bumper or the resin portion and the piezoelectric vibrator at a part of a bottom surface portion of the housing.
  • an ultrasonic transmission portion made of a material having an acoustic impedance intermediate between the acoustic impedance of the piezoelectric vibrator and the acoustic impedance of the vehicle bumper or resin portion.
  • an ultrasonic sensor which is characterized in that through the ultrasonic transmission unit and said vehicle bumper or the resin portion is described.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses an improvement of an ultrasonic sensor attached to the back surface of a bumper of an automobile, which is in close contact with an ultrasonic transmission surface of the ultrasonic sensor and a relative surface of the bumper, and has a specific member smaller than each acoustic impedance.
  • An alignment member comprising a combination is disclosed.
  • the ultrasonic sensor is attached to the bumper by using a member for fixing the collar portion of the metal case that is a constituent element of the ultrasonic sensor.
  • an ultrasonic sensor mounted on a bumper of an automobile is mounted on the back side (inside) of the bumper.
  • the temperature and humidity are always constant. Performance degradation is likely to occur because it is placed in contact with the changing and severe external environment.
  • the ultrasonic sensor mounted on the bumper vibrates together with the vibration of the bumper during driving of the automobile. For this reason, there is a problem that an ultrasonic sensor, which is a precision instrument, is liable to cause a problem while being mounted on a bumper.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a structure in which an ultrasonic sensor is attached to the back surface of a bumper in a replaceable manner, but it is possible to stably supply ultrasonic waves that maintain favorable directivity on the front side surface of the bumper, and There is no disclosure of an ultrasonic sensor fixing structure that can be easily replaced from a bumper.
  • an ultrasonic sensor is obtained by combining a unit including a piezoelectric vibrator (piezoelectric vibrator unit) and a unit including a cylindrical wall body made of a rigid material containing the piezoelectric vibrator (cylindrical wall body unit). After the separation, the cylindrical wall unit is bonded and fixed to the surface of a flat substrate such as a bumper.
  • piezoelectric vibrator unit piezoelectric vibrator unit
  • cylindrical wall body unit made of a rigid material containing the piezoelectric vibrator
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit is fixed to the surface of the flat substrate in a detachable manner.
  • a failure occurred or the occurrence of the failure was feared without removing the cylindrical wall unit bonded and fixed to the surface of the flat substrate.
  • the present invention has been achieved.
  • the present invention includes a cylindrical rigid wall body fixed to the back surface of an automobile bumper; a lid body detachably mounted on the cylindrical rigid wall body or a rigid cylinder body extending upward from the wall body; a buffer layer on a bottom surface
  • a piezoelectric vibrator comprising: a restraining material made of a flexible material provided on and around the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator; and pressing the piezoelectric vibrator restrained by the restraining material toward the back surface of the bumper
  • the ultrasonic detector includes an elastic material provided between the lid and the top surface of the restraining material of the piezoelectric vibrator, and is capable of exchanging the piezoelectric vibrator.
  • the cylindrical rigid wall body and the lid body constitute a sealed structure and are fixed to the back surface of the bumper.
  • a cylindrical rigid wall body that is not combined with the lid body is provided around the piezoelectric vibrator.
  • the restraining material is silicone rubber.
  • the buffer layer is formed from a rubber material, silicone grease or oil-based grease.
  • a first configuration example of the present invention is an ultrasonic sensor including the following members and capable of exchanging piezoelectric vibrators.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator fixed in a close contact and detachable manner with or without a buffer layer on a surface of a flat substrate, and a cylindrical restraining material arranged in close contact with a side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator, or
  • a piezoelectric device including a cylindrical restraining member disposed in close contact with a side surface of a piezoelectric vibrator, and a cylindrical container disposed around the tubular restraining material via an air layer and having a closed top and an opening at the bottom.
  • a vibrator unit a cylindrical wall body made of a rigid material, which accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state, has a detachable lid at the top, and has a joint surface to the flat substrate at the bottom; An elastic body inserted between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the lower surface of the lid.
  • detachable means that a component can be removed without physical damage to the component.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator is a columnar or disk-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sintered body having an electrode layer on each of a top surface and a bottom surface.
  • the buffer layer is an acoustic matching layer.
  • the said cylindrical restraint material is formed from silicone rubber, urethane rubber, or butylene rubber.
  • the elastic body is a ring-shaped spring or a rubber material molded body.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit is disposed in close contact with the surface of the flat substrate so that the piezoelectric vibrator unit is in a close contact state and detachable with or without a buffer layer interposed therebetween, and the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator. Including a cylindrical restraint.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit is in close contact with the surface of the flat base plate with or without a buffer layer in a close contact and detachable manner, and is disposed in close contact with the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator.
  • a cylindrical container having a closed top and an opening at the bottom, which is disposed around the cylindrical restraining material via an air layer.
  • a second configuration example of the present invention is an ultrasonic sensor including the following members capable of exchanging piezoelectric vibrators.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including a piezoelectric vibrator that is fixedly attached and detachably fixed to the surface of the flat substrate with or without a buffer layer, and in a non-contact state around the piezoelectric vibrator of the piezoelectric vibrator unit
  • a rigid annular body having a bonding surface to the surface of the flat substrate, a piezoelectric body unit and the rigid annular body are accommodated in a non-contact state, and a detachable lid is provided on the top.
  • the rigid annular body has a cross-sectional shape in the circumferential direction, a square or a rectangle whose ratio between the height and the length in the width direction of the bottom surface (the former / the latter) is less than 3 (particularly preferably less than 2 or less than 1.5). Or it is preferable that it is in the similar shape.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit includes a piezoelectric vibrator and a cylindrical restraining material disposed in close contact with a side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit is provided with a piezoelectric vibrator, a cylindrical restraining material arranged in close contact with a side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator, and an air layer around the cylindrical restraining material. , Including a cylindrical container having a closed top and an opening in the bottom.
  • the cylindrical restraint material according to the above aspect (1) or (2) is formed from silicone rubber, urethane rubber, or butylene rubber.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit includes a piezoelectric vibrator, a cylindrical housing that houses the piezoelectric vibrator, a bottom surface having an opening, and a top surface that is closed; a top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator; It includes an elastic material inserted between the bottom side of the top of the cylindrical housing.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator is a columnar or disk-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sintered body having electrode layers on the top surface and the bottom surface, respectively.
  • the buffer layer is an acoustic matching layer.
  • the elastic body is a spring (particularly a ring-shaped spring) or a rubber material molded body.
  • a third configuration example of the present invention is an ultrasonic sensor including the following members capable of exchanging piezoelectric vibrators.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including a piezoelectric vibrator that is fixedly attached to and detached from the surface of the flat substrate with or without a buffer layer, and a bottom portion that houses the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state.
  • a rigid annular wall having a surface to be joined to the flat substrate, and is attached to the top of the rigid annular wall so as to be detachable from the wall at a position lower than 2/3 of the height of the wall.
  • a cylindrical lid body that is joined, and an elastic body that is inserted between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the lower side surface of the cylindrical lid body.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit includes a piezoelectric vibrator and a cylindrical restraining material disposed in close contact with a side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit is provided with a piezoelectric vibrator, a cylindrical restraining material arranged in close contact with a side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator, and an air layer around the cylindrical restraining material. , Including a cylindrical container having a closed top and an opening in the bottom.
  • the cylindrical restraint material according to the above aspect (1) or (2) is formed from silicone rubber, urethane rubber, or butylene rubber.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit includes a piezoelectric vibrator, a cylindrical housing that houses the piezoelectric vibrator, a bottom surface having an opening, and a top surface that is closed; a top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator; It includes an elastic material inserted between the bottom side of the top of the cylindrical housing.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator is a columnar or disk-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sintered body having electrode layers on the top surface and the bottom surface, respectively.
  • the buffer layer is an acoustic matching layer.
  • the elastic body is a spring (particularly a ring-shaped spring) or a rubber material molded body.
  • the ultrasonic sensor used in the ultrasonic detection apparatus of the present invention can be easily mounted on the surface of a bumper or the like of an automobile, particularly the back side surface. Since the vibration of the bumper due to the sonic vibration is effectively suppressed, the directivity and energy efficiency are hardly lowered in the ultrasonic wave transmitted to the front space beyond the bumper. Furthermore, the ultrasonic sensor of the present invention includes a unit including a piezoelectric vibrator (piezoelectric vibrator unit) and a unit including a cylindrical wall body made of a rigid material that houses the piezoelectric vibrator (cylindrical wall body unit).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a cross-sectional view) showing a typical configuration example (configuration A) of the ultrasonic sensor of the first configuration example used in the ultrasonic detection apparatus of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic sensor 10 of this configuration A includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11 that is fixed in a close contact and detachable manner on a surface of a flat substrate 16 with or without a buffer layer 13, and a side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including a cylindrical constraining member 14 disposed in close contact with the lid, a detachable lid 15 that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state, and has a flat plate shape at the bottom.
  • a cylindrical wall body 12 made of a rigid material having a bonding surface to the base, and an elastic body 17 inserted between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the lower surface of the lid body 15. .
  • a transducer-exchangeable ultrasonic sensor 10 is made of a rigid material that houses a unit (piezoelectric transducer unit) including a piezoelectric transducer 11 as a main functional component and the piezoelectric transducer in a non-contact state.
  • the unit including the cylindrical wall body 12 (cylindrical wall body unit) is configured as a basic component.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 11 a columnar or disk-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sintered body having electrode layers on the upper surface (top surface) and the lower surface (bottom surface) is generally used.
  • the “columnar” piezoelectric ceramic sintered body means a piezoelectric ceramic sintered body having a shape such as a cylinder, an elliptical column, or a prism having a height ratio to the diameter of the bottom surface of 1 or more.
  • the diameter when the shape of the bottom surface is not a perfect circle means the diameter obtained by converting the area of the bottom surface as the area of the circle.
  • the disk-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sintered body means a piezoelectric ceramic sintered body having a shape such as a disk having a height less than 1 with respect to the diameter of the bottom surface, an elliptical disk-shaped body, or a polygonal disk-shaped body. To do.
  • a columnar or disk-shaped sintered body As the columnar or disk-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sintered body, a columnar or disk-shaped sintered body is usually used, but in order to adjust the directivity of ultrasonic waves generated by the piezoelectric vibrator, it is arranged along the bottom surface.
  • a columnar or disk-shaped sintered body having a square or rectangular cross section may be used.
  • piezoelectric ceramic materials include known piezoelectric ceramic materials such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead titanate, lead zirconate, and barium titanate.
  • the sintered body of the piezoelectric ceramic material may be porous or non-porous. However, considering the performance as a piezoelectric vibrator, particularly excellent frequency characteristics and low acoustic impedance, it is porous.
  • the sintered body is preferably used.
  • a sintered body having pores in an average diameter range of 1 to 100 ⁇ m in a dispersed state and a porosity (porosity) of 5 to 50% by volume is preferably used.
  • a sintered body of a ceramic material is made into a piezoelectric vibrator by attaching electrode layers to the upper and lower surfaces thereof.
  • the electrode layers on the upper and lower surfaces are connected to wiring for applying electrical energy to the ceramic material sintered body to generate ultrasonic waves and for electrically extracting received ultrasonic waves (reflected waves).
  • the entry of those electrode layers and wirings is omitted.
  • a piezoelectric material made of various materials other than the ceramic material can be used as a constituent material of the piezoelectric vibrator as desired.
  • a soft resin or rubber material effective for facilitating fixing of the piezoelectric vibrator to the surface of the flat substrate 16 such as a bumper, silicone grease, Or it is preferable to attach the buffer layer 13 formed from the material which uses oil-based materials, such as oil-based grease, as a specific example.
  • the buffer layer 13 is an auxiliary layer for realizing fixation of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 to the surface of the flat substrate 16 in a close contact state, and bonding the piezoelectric vibrator to the surface of the flat substrate.
  • an auxiliary layer to perform since it is not an auxiliary layer to perform, it should not be a layer made of a material that prevents the piezoelectric vibrator from being detached from the surface of the flat substrate by bonding the piezoelectric vibrator to the surface of the flat substrate.
  • an acoustic matching layer generally used for acoustic matching between the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and another material can also be used.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is an elastic cylindrical restraining material formed of a silicon resin (particularly silicone rubber) exhibiting elasticity that covers its side surfaces in a close contact state, a urethane resin (particularly urethane rubber) that exhibits elasticity, or butylene rubber.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit is configured by being restrained by 14.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 11 realizes a stable vibration state of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 by the restraint by the cylindrical restraining material 14, and leaks ultrasonic energy generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 11 from the side face of the piezoelectric vibrator 11. It can be effectively prevented.
  • the material for the cylindrical restraint 14 is excellent elasticity with excellent adhesion to a piezoelectric vibrator (particularly lead zirconate titanate) and good temperature characteristics (that is, little influence of temperature change on various physical properties). It has a silicone rubber. Moreover, it is preferable that the cylindrical restraint material 14 is 2 mm or more in thickness.
  • a method of covering the piezoelectric vibrator 11 with the cylindrical restraining material 14 a method of covering the piezoelectric vibrator with a restraining material previously formed into a tube shape, or a liquid restraining material around the piezoelectric vibrator using a mold. A method of forming a layer of material is generally used.
  • the cylindrical constraining material 14 is preferably formed so as to cover the side surface from the upper end portion to the vicinity of the lower end portion of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 for sufficient expression of the restraining effect. If it covers about 1/2 of the height, preferably about 2/3 of the height, a restraining effect that is practically satisfactory can be obtained. Further, as described above, it is preferable that the cylindrical restraint member 14 is provided not only on the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 but also on the top surface as seen in FIG.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit having the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and the cylindrical restraining material 14 as basic components includes a detachable lid 15 at the top and a bonding surface to a flat substrate (eg, bumper) 16 at the bottom.
  • the rigid material-made cylindrical wall body 12 is accommodated in a non-contact state.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 made of a rigid material is a base fixing portion having a relatively large wall thickness extending upward from a joint surface (bottom surface of the cylindrical wall body) to the flat base body. And an extension portion having a relatively small wall thickness extending upward from the base fixing portion.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 made of a rigid material may be formed with the same wall thickness from the bottom to the top.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state is formed of a rigid material and has such a structure, so that the cylindrical wall body can be reliably bonded to the flat substrate surface.
  • the vibration of the flat substrate generated by the ultrasonic vibration generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and transmitted to the opposite space through the flat substrate (for example, bumper) 16 is cylindrical wall. Since it becomes possible to confine in the internal region of the body, a decrease in the directivity of the ultrasonic waves is effectively suppressed. Further, the propagation of the ultrasonic wave to the outside of the ultrasonic sensor through the inside or the surface of the flat substrate 16 is effectively suppressed.
  • a removable cover 15 is mounted on the top surface of the cylindrical wall 12 made of a rigid material.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 and the lid body 15 are mounted by engaging a screw groove or a concave portion and a convex portion respectively provided on the side surface of the top portion of the cylindrical wall body 12 and the inner surface of the flange portion of the lid body 15. It is done by using.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 is preferably formed from a rigid material
  • the lid body 15 is also preferably formed from a rigid material.
  • a hard resin material or a metal material such as a polyolefin resin typified by polypropylene resin or polyethylene resin, or ABS resin is used.
  • An elastic body 17 made of an elastic material such as a coil spring is inserted between the lower surface of the lid 15 detachably mounted on the top surface of the cylindrical wall body 12 made of a rigid material and the piezoelectric vibrator unit.
  • a synthetic resin or metal plate may be interposed between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the elastic body 17.
  • the elastic body 17 functions to realize close contact and fixing of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator unit to the flat substrate 16.
  • a coil spring is usually used as the elastic body 17, but a washer (shim ring) is generally attached above and below the elastic body 17. Or it comprises a leaf spring.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including the piezoelectric vibrator 11 (in the ultrasonic sensor shown in FIG. 1, the piezoelectric vibrator 11, the buffer layer 13, and the cylindrical restraining material 14. Unit), a cylindrical wall body unit including a cylindrical wall body 12 and a lid body 15 made of a rigid material, and a pressing force for tightly fixing the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator of the piezoelectric vibrator unit to the surface of the flat substrate. It is the elastic body 17 which does.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a cross-sectional view) showing another typical configuration example (configuration B) of the transducer-exchangeable ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic sensor having the configuration B is in close contact with the surface of the flat substrate 16 with or without the buffer layer 13 in a close contact and detachable manner, and in close contact with the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including a cylindrical constraining member 14 disposed and a tubular container 18 disposed around the tubular constraining material via an air layer, the top portion being closed and the bottom portion having an opening;
  • a cylindrical wall 12 made of a rigid material having a detachable lid 15 at the top and containing a joining surface to the flat substrate at the bottom, containing the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state; and
  • An elastic body 17 is inserted between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the lower surface of the lid 15.
  • the cylindrical container 18 is usually formed from a synthetic resin material or a metal material.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit of the ultrasonic sensor 10 having the configuration B shown in FIG. 2 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11, a cylindrical restraining material 14 disposed in close contact with the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11, and air around the tubular restraining material. It includes a cylindrical container 18 disposed through the layers, closed at the top and having an opening at the bottom.
  • the arrangement of the cylindrical container 18 through the air layer around the cylindrical restraining material 14 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, forming a flange 14 a at the lower end of the cylindrical restraining material 14, This is done by arranging or joining the lower end of the cylindrical container 18 to the upper surface of the flange 14a.
  • the engagement between the cylindrical wall body 12 made of a rigid material and the lid body 15 is a recess formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical wall body 12 and the lid body 15. This is performed by engagement with a convex portion or hook 15a formed on the inner surface.
  • the ultrasonic sensor of the configuration B in FIG. 2 is disadvantageous in that the number of components increases, but an air layer is formed between the cylindrical restraining material 14 and the cylindrical container 18, and this air layer is piezoelectric. There is an advantage that the propagation (leakage) of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the vibrator 11 to the back surface (upper side surface in FIG. 2) is suppressed.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a sectional view) showing a typical configuration (configuration A1) of the ultrasonic sensor according to the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic sensor 10 having the configuration A1 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11 that is in close contact with the surface of the flat substrate 16 with or without a buffer layer 13 and is detachably fixed thereto, and a side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including a cylindrical constraining material 14 arranged in close contact, a detachable lid 15 that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state, and a flat base at the bottom.
  • annular body rigid annular body
  • an ultrasonic sensor 10 includes a unit (piezoelectric vibrator unit) including a piezoelectric vibrator 11 as a main functional component, a cylindrical wall body 12 made of a rigid material that houses the piezoelectric vibrator in a non-contact state, and a lid.
  • the unit including the body 15 (cylindrical wall unit) and the periphery of the base of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and the inside of the cylindrical wall body 12 are arranged in a position not in contact with the piezoelectric vibrator 11,
  • An annular body (rigid annular body) 19 made of a rigid material to be bonded and fixed to the surface is configured as a basic component. If desired, the cylindrical wall body 12 and the rigid annular body 19 may be connected to each other at the bottom.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 includes a base fixing portion having a relatively large wall thickness extending upward from a joint surface (bottom surface of the cylindrical wall body) to the flat base and the base fixing. And an extension portion having a relatively small wall thickness extending upward from the portion.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 may be formed with the same wall thickness from the bottom to the top.
  • a removable cover 15 is mounted on the top surface of the cylindrical wall 12.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 and the lid body 15 are mounted by engaging a screw groove or a concave portion and a convex portion respectively provided on the side surface of the top portion of the cylindrical wall body 12 and the inner surface of the flange portion of the lid body 15. It is done by using.
  • An elastic body 17 made of an elastic material such as a coil spring is inserted between the lower surface of the lid 15 detachably mounted on the top surface of the cylindrical wall body 12 and the piezoelectric vibrator unit.
  • a synthetic resin or metal plate may be interposed between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the elastic body 17.
  • the elastic body 17 functions to realize close contact and fixing of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator unit to the flat substrate 16.
  • a coil spring is usually used as the elastic body 17, but a washer (shim ring) is generally attached above and below the elastic body 17. Or it comprises a leaf spring.
  • the rigid annular body 19 is disposed around the base of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and inside the cylindrical wall body 12 at a position where it does not contact either the piezoelectric vibrator 11 or the cylindrical wall body 12. Then, it is bonded and fixed to the surface of the flat substrate 16.
  • a central function is achieved by a piezoelectric vibrator unit including the piezoelectric vibrator 11 (in the ultrasonic sensor shown in FIG. 3, the piezoelectric vibrator 11, the buffer layer 13, and the cylindrical restraining material 14. Unit), a cylindrical wall body unit including the cylindrical wall body 12 and the lid body 15, a rigid annular body 19, and a pressing force for tightly fixing the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 of the piezoelectric vibrator unit to the surface of the flat substrate. It is the elastic body 17 which provides.
  • the cylindrical wall After removing the lid 15 at the top of the body 12, the piezoelectric vibrator unit accommodated in the body 12 is taken out, and a new or normal type piezoelectric vibrator unit whose operation has been confirmed is replaced with a cylindrical wall body unit. By mounting inside, the piezoelectric vibrator unit can be easily replaced.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a sectional view) showing another typical configuration (configuration B1) of the ultrasonic sensor according to the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic sensor of this configuration B1 is in close contact with the surface of the flat substrate 16 with or without the buffer layer 13 in a close contact and detachable manner, and in close contact with the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including a cylindrical constraining member 14 disposed and a tubular container 18 disposed around the tubular constraining material via an air layer, the top portion being closed and the bottom portion having an opening;
  • a cylindrical wall body 12 that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state, has a lid 15 that can be attached and detached at the top, a joint surface to the flat substrate at the bottom, and the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • the cylindrical container 18 is usually formed from a synthetic resin material or a metal material.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit of the ultrasonic sensor 10 having the configuration B1 in FIG. 4 includes the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and the cylindrical restraint material 14 disposed in close contact with the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and an air layer around the tubular restraint material. And a cylindrical container 18 having a top closed and an opening at the bottom.
  • the arrangement of the cylindrical container 18 through the air layer around the cylindrical constraint material 14 is formed with a flange 14 a at the lower end of the cylindrical constraint material 14. This is done by arranging or joining the lower end of the cylindrical container 18 to the upper surface of the flange 14a.
  • the engagement between the cylindrical wall body 12 and the lid body 15 extends below the concave portion formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical wall body 12 and the lid body 15. This is done by engagement with a convex portion or a hook formed on the inner surface of the extended portion.
  • the ultrasonic sensor of configuration B1 in FIG. 4 is disadvantageous in that the number of components increases, but an air layer is formed between the cylindrical restraining material 14 and the cylindrical container 18, and this air layer is piezoelectric. There is an advantage that the propagation (leakage) of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the vibrator 11 to the back surface (upper side surface in FIG. 4) is suppressed.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a cross-sectional view) showing another typical configuration (configuration C) of the ultrasonic sensor according to the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic sensor 10 of this configuration C includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11, a cylindrical housing 20 that houses the piezoelectric vibrator 11, has an opening on the bottom surface and has a closed top surface, and the top of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including an elastic material 21 inserted between the surface and the lower side surface of the top portion of the cylindrical housing 20; a lid body that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state; 15, a cylindrical wall body unit including a cylindrical wall body 12 having a bonding surface to the flat substrate at the bottom, around the base of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and inside the cylindrical wall body 12, A rigid annular body 19 and an elastic body 17 which are arranged at a position not in contact with the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and are bonded and fixed to the surface of the flat substrate are configured as basic parts.
  • the main difference in configuration between the ultrasonic sensor having the configuration A1 in FIG. 3 and the ultrasonic sensor having the configuration C in FIG. 5 lies in the configuration of the piezoelectric vibrator unit. This point will be described in detail next.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit of the ultrasonic sensor of configuration C in FIG. 5 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11, a cylindrical housing 20 that houses the piezoelectric vibrator 11, has an opening on the bottom surface, and the top surface is closed, The elastic material 21 is inserted between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and the bottom surface of the top portion of the cylindrical housing.
  • the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is preferably covered with a cylindrical buffer sheet 22 made of an elastic material such as silicone rubber.
  • a stable vibration state of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is realized, and leakage of ultrasonic energy generated in the piezoelectric vibrator 11 from the side face of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is realized. Can be effectively prevented.
  • an elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 made of an elastic material having characteristics different from the elastic material constituting the cylindrical buffer sheet is attached to the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11. Is desirable.
  • This elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 also contributes to the realization of a stable vibration state of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and also prevents leakage of ultrasonic energy generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 11 from the side of the piezoelectric vibrator. It is valid.
  • the elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 is desirably a sponge-like material having a large number of closed cells inside.
  • the composite composed of the piezoelectric vibrator 11, the cylindrical buffer sheet 22, and the elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 is in contact with the outer surface of the elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 inside the cylindrical housing 20. Contained in state.
  • the cylindrical housing 20 has an opening on the bottom surface, and the top surface is closed.
  • An elastic material 21 such as a rubber material is inserted between the lower surface of the top of the cylindrical housing 20 and the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • This elastic material 21 functions in order to effectively realize the tight fixation of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 to the flat substrate surface.
  • the elastic material 21 also contributes to the realization of a stable vibration state of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and is also effective in preventing leakage of ultrasonic energy generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 11 from the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator. .
  • the bottom surface of the cylindrical housing 20 has an opening as shown in FIG.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is disposed at a position where the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 protrudes substantially on the same plane as the opening surface of the bottom surface of the cylindrical housing 20 or slightly below.
  • a washer 24 is disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical housing 20. This washer 24 functions effectively in order to fix it in a stable state without joining the cylindrical housing 20 on the surface of the flat substrate.
  • the washer 24 also has an effect of favorably maintaining the directivity of the ultrasonic wave generated from the piezoelectric vibrator 11 by limiting the area in the inner periphery to the area near the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 (that is, the directivity angle). The effect of preventing narrowing is also given.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a sectional view) showing another typical configuration (configuration A2) of the ultrasonic sensor according to the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic sensor 10 having the configuration A2 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11 which is fixed in a close contact and detachable manner on the surface of the flat substrate 16 with or without the buffer layer 13, and on the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including a cylindrical restraining material 14 disposed in close contact, a detachable cylindrical lid 15 that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state, and the flat base at the bottom.
  • the cylindrical rigid wall body 12 having a joint surface to the elastic body 17 and the elastic body 17 inserted between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the lower surface of the cylindrical lid body 15 are configured.
  • the cylindrical lid body 15 and the cylindrical rigid wall body 12 can be attached and detached in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the cylindrical portion extending downward from the upper surface of the cylindrical lid body 15 and at the lower position of the cylindrical rigid wall body 12. Is engaged. In FIG. 6, these engagements are formed on the convex portion (protrusion) provided in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the cylindrical portion extending downward from the upper surface of the cylindrical lid body 15 and the side surface of the cylindrical rigid wall body 12. This is done by fitting the recessed portion formed.
  • this engagement method is not limited to the engagement method shown in FIG.
  • the engagement position is a position lower than 2/3 of the height of the cylindrical rigid wall body, preferably a position lower than 1/2.
  • an ultrasonic sensor 10 of the present invention includes a unit (piezoelectric vibrator unit) including a piezoelectric vibrator 11 as a main functional component, a cylindrical rigid wall body 12 that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator in a non-contact state, and a cylindrical A unit (wall unit) including the lid 15 is configured as a basic component.
  • a soft resin or rubber material effective for facilitating fixing of the piezoelectric vibrator to the surface of the flat substrate 16 such as a bumper, silicone grease, Or it is preferable to attach the buffer layer 13 formed from the material which uses oil-based materials, such as oil-based grease, as a specific example.
  • the buffer layer 13 is an auxiliary layer for realizing fixation of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 to the surface of the flat substrate 16 in a close contact state, and bonding the piezoelectric vibrator to the surface of the flat substrate.
  • an auxiliary layer to perform since it is not an auxiliary layer to perform, it should not be a layer made of a material that prevents the piezoelectric vibrator from being detached from the surface of the flat substrate by bonding the piezoelectric vibrator to the surface of the flat substrate.
  • an acoustic matching layer generally used for acoustic matching between the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and another material can also be used.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit having the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and the cylindrical restraining material 14 as basic components includes a removable cylindrical lid 15 at the top, and is joined to a flat substrate (eg, bumper) 16 at the bottom.
  • the cylindrical rigid wall 12 having a surface is accommodated in a non-contact state.
  • the cylindrical rigid wall 12 has a circumferential cross-sectional shape in which the ratio of the height to the length in the width direction of the bottom surface (the former / the latter) is less than 3 (particularly preferred). Is preferably in a rectangle of less than 1.5 or less than 1) or a similar shape.
  • the “tubular shape” of the “cylindrical wall” does not necessarily mean a cylindrical shape, but may be an annular shape whose tube height is shorter than the length of the diameter, and there are many inner and outer peripheral sides. It may be a square shape.
  • the removable cylindrical lid 15 is attached to the top surface of the cylindrical rigid wall 12.
  • the cylindrical wall body 12 is preferably formed from a rigid material, and the cylindrical lid body 15 is also preferably formed from a rigid material.
  • An elastic body 17 made of an elastic material such as a coil spring is inserted between the lower surface of the cylindrical lid body 15 detachably mounted on the top surface of the cylindrical rigid wall body 12 and the piezoelectric vibrator unit.
  • the A synthetic resin or metal plate may be interposed between the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator unit and the elastic body 17.
  • the elastic body 17 functions to realize close contact and fixing of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 in the piezoelectric vibrator unit to the flat substrate 16.
  • a coil spring is usually used as the elastic body 17, but a washer (shim ring) is generally mounted on the upper and lower sides thereof. Or it comprises a leaf spring.
  • a central function is achieved by a piezoelectric vibrator unit including the piezoelectric vibrator 11 (in the ultrasonic sensor shown in FIG. 6, the piezoelectric vibrator 11, the buffer layer 13, and the cylindrical constraining material 14. Unit), a wall body unit including the cylindrical rigid wall body 12 and the cylindrical lid body 15, and an elastic body for applying a pressing force to tightly fix the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator of the piezoelectric vibrator unit to the surface of the flat substrate. 17.
  • the cylindrical rigidity After removing the cylindrical lid 15 from the top of the wall body 12, the piezoelectric vibrator unit housed inside is taken out, and a new or normal type piezoelectric vibrator unit that has been confirmed to operate normally is tubular. By mounting in the wall unit, the piezoelectric vibrator unit can be easily replaced.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a sectional view) showing another typical configuration (configuration B2) of the ultrasonic sensor according to the present invention.
  • the main difference in configuration between the ultrasonic sensor of configuration B in FIG. 2 and the ultrasonic sensor of configuration B2 in FIG. 7 is in the configuration of the piezoelectric vibrator unit, and this will be described in detail next.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit of the ultrasonic sensor of the configuration B2 in FIG. 7 is also closely attached to the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and the piezoelectric vibrator.
  • a cylindrical restraint member 14 and a tubular container 18 that is disposed around the tubular restraint member via an air layer and that has a closed top and an opening at the bottom are included.
  • the cylindrical restraining material 14 is closely attached to only the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11, and the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 has a cork,
  • An elastic material 21 such as a porous resin material is disposed and filled to suppress leakage of the ultrasonic vibration to the upper part and enhance the adhesion effect of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 to the flat substrate 16.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing another engagement method between the cylindrical rigid wall 12 and the cylindrical lid 15.
  • the method shown in FIG. 8 as an engagement method (engagement with the cylindrical rigid wall body 12 by the upward rotation of the cylindrical lid body 15 from the non-engaged state in the left figure) is already well known. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram (schematic diagram shown in the form of a sectional view) showing another typical configuration example (configuration C1) of the ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic sensor 10 having the configuration C1 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11, a cylindrical housing 20 that houses the piezoelectric vibrator 11, an opening on the bottom surface and a closed top surface, and a top of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • a piezoelectric vibrator unit including an elastic material 21 inserted between the surface and the lower side surface of the top of the cylindrical housing 20, a cylindrical shape that accommodates the piezoelectric vibrator unit in a non-contact state and is detachable from the top.
  • a wall body unit including a cylindrical rigid wall body 12 provided with a lid 15 and having a joint surface to the flat substrate at the bottom, and an elastic body 17 are configured as basic components.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator unit of the ultrasonic sensor having the configuration C1 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 11, a cylindrical housing 20 in which the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is housed, an opening on the bottom surface and a closed top surface, and a piezoelectric vibrator. 11 and an elastic material 21 inserted between the top surface of 11 and the bottom surface of the top of the cylindrical housing.
  • the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is preferably covered with a cylindrical buffer sheet 22 made of an elastic material such as silicone rubber (especially an elastic resin or a rubber material).
  • a cylindrical buffer sheet 22 made of an elastic material such as silicone rubber (especially an elastic resin or a rubber material).
  • an elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 made of an elastic material having characteristics different from the elastic material constituting the cylindrical buffer sheet is attached to the side surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11. Is desirable.
  • This elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 also contributes to the realization of a stable vibration state of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and also prevents leakage of ultrasonic energy generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 11 from the side of the piezoelectric vibrator. It is valid.
  • the elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 is desirably a sponge-like material in which a large number of bubbles are arranged in a dispersed state.
  • the composite composed of the piezoelectric vibrator 11, the cylindrical buffer sheet 22, and the elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 is in contact with the outer surface of the elastic sheet (elastic tube) 23 inside the cylindrical housing 20. Contained in state.
  • the cylindrical housing 20 has an opening on the bottom surface, and the top surface is closed.
  • An elastic material 21 such as a rubber material is inserted between the lower surface of the top of the cylindrical housing 20 and the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11.
  • This elastic material 21 functions in order to effectively realize the tight fixation of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 to the flat substrate surface.
  • the elastic material 21 also contributes to the realization of a stable vibration state of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 and is also effective in preventing leakage of ultrasonic energy generated by the piezoelectric vibrator 11 from the top surface of the piezoelectric vibrator. .
  • the bottom surface of the cylindrical housing 20 has an opening as shown in FIG.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 11 is disposed at a position where the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 protrudes substantially on the same plane as the opening surface of the bottom surface of the cylindrical housing 20 or slightly below.
  • a washer 24 is disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical housing 20. This washer 24 functions effectively in order to fix it in a stable state without joining the cylindrical housing 20 on the surface of the flat substrate.
  • the washer 24 also has an effect of favorably maintaining the directivity of the ultrasonic wave generated from the piezoelectric vibrator 11 by limiting the area in the inner periphery to the area near the bottom surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 11 (that is, the directivity angle). The effect of preventing narrowing is also given.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de détection d'ondes ultrasonores qui permet l'échange d'un vibrateur piézoélectrique, comprenant : une paroi rigide cylindrique fixée à une surface arrière d'une aile de véhicule ; un couvercle qui est fixé de manière amovible à la paroi rigide cylindrique ou à un cylindre rigide s'étendant vers le haut à partir de la paroi ; un vibrateur piézoélectrique comprenant une couche tampon sur la surface inférieure ; un élément de retenue constitué d'un matériau souple et disposé sur la surface supérieure et la périphérie du vibrateur piézoélectrique ; et un matériau élastique qui est disposé entre le couvercle et la surface supérieure de l'élément de retenue de façon à presser, en direction de la surface arrière de l'aile, le vibrateur piézoélectrique retenu par l'élément de retenue.
PCT/JP2016/068188 2015-06-17 2016-06-17 Dispositif de détection d'ondes ultrasonores WO2016204295A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015122284A JP2018128255A (ja) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 超音波センサ
JP2015122286A JP2018128257A (ja) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 超音波センサ
JP2015-122286 2015-06-17
JP2015-122285 2015-06-17
JP2015122285A JP2018128256A (ja) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 超音波センサ
JP2015-122284 2015-06-17

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108551694A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-09-18 安徽尼古拉电子科技有限公司 一种汽车雷达的除冰雪装置
WO2021031177A1 (fr) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 江苏金丰机电有限公司 Automobile à énergie nouvelle basée sur l'internet des véhicules et avec fonction de télémétrie ultrasonore
US10983202B2 (en) 2017-12-25 2021-04-20 Nifco Inc. Sensor assembly and mounting method therefor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008096113A (ja) * 2006-10-05 2008-04-24 Nippon Soken Inc 障害物検出装置
JP2009058298A (ja) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-19 Denso Corp 超音波センサ
JP2012033989A (ja) * 2010-07-28 2012-02-16 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 超音波センサ

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008096113A (ja) * 2006-10-05 2008-04-24 Nippon Soken Inc 障害物検出装置
JP2009058298A (ja) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-19 Denso Corp 超音波センサ
JP2012033989A (ja) * 2010-07-28 2012-02-16 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 超音波センサ

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10983202B2 (en) 2017-12-25 2021-04-20 Nifco Inc. Sensor assembly and mounting method therefor
DE112018006589B4 (de) 2017-12-25 2022-08-18 Nifco Inc. Sensoreinheit und montageverfahren dafür
CN108551694A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-09-18 安徽尼古拉电子科技有限公司 一种汽车雷达的除冰雪装置
CN108551694B (zh) * 2018-03-30 2020-11-24 安徽匠桥科技服务有限公司 一种汽车雷达的除冰雪装置
WO2021031177A1 (fr) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 江苏金丰机电有限公司 Automobile à énergie nouvelle basée sur l'internet des véhicules et avec fonction de télémétrie ultrasonore

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