WO2016155158A1 - 一种地面滑动式柔性总拼*** - Google Patents

一种地面滑动式柔性总拼*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016155158A1
WO2016155158A1 PCT/CN2015/084826 CN2015084826W WO2016155158A1 WO 2016155158 A1 WO2016155158 A1 WO 2016155158A1 CN 2015084826 W CN2015084826 W CN 2015084826W WO 2016155158 A1 WO2016155158 A1 WO 2016155158A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rail
conveying
jig
bracket
type flexible
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/084826
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨猛
姚维兵
丘邦超
李军辉
张智林
贺毅
Original Assignee
广州明珞汽车装备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201510152392.8A external-priority patent/CN104801899B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201510202371.2A external-priority patent/CN104816921A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201510204993.9A external-priority patent/CN104827212B/zh
Application filed by 广州明珞汽车装备有限公司 filed Critical 广州明珞汽车装备有限公司
Publication of WO2016155158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016155158A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/18—Transportation, conveyor or haulage systems specially adapted for motor vehicle or trailer assembly lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/12—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface comprising a series of individual load-carriers fixed, or normally fixed, relative to traction element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/30—Details; Auxiliary devices
    • B65G17/32—Individual load-carriers

Definitions

  • the invention is used in the technical field of automobile production and manufacture, in particular to a ground sliding type flexible assembly system.
  • the switching trolley and the fixture share the same set of tracks.
  • a positioning mechanism is needed to control the docking precision to ensure that the clamp switching trolley and the clamp can pass, and
  • the requirements for repeatability are high, the control is complex, the reliability and stability are low, and the storage position of the discrete fixture library fixture is divided into left and right, resulting in a large occupied area, the left and right cycle of the fixture cannot be realized, and the switching mode of the fixture is single, which cannot meet the future automobile.
  • High frequency fixture switching requirements and line maintenance needs due to multi-variety production.
  • the present invention provides a ground sliding type flexible total assembly system, in which the fixture can be moved left and right in both directions, the switching mode is more flexible, the switching period is reduced, and the floor space is reduced, thereby meeting the multi-model collinearity.
  • a ground sliding type flexible assembling system including a body conveying system, a welding system, a total assembling jig, a driving system for driving the main assembling jig to clamp the vehicle body, and a jig a storage system and a fixture switching system for realizing the switching of the total assembly fixture between the combination system and the fixture storage system, the fixture storage system comprising a plurality of parallel bidirectional slide rails, wherein the storage space for storing the total assembly fixture is formed on the two-way slide rail,
  • the fixture switching system includes a left sliding platform conveying track and a right sliding table conveying track which are led from both ends of the two-way sliding rail to both sides of the combining system, and are respectively led to the left sliding by the two sides of the combining system a jig transport track for the table transport rail and the right slide transport rail, a slide table operable on the left slide transport rail and the right slide transport rail, and a total of traction rails
  • the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying trolley respectively mounted on one side of the clamp conveying rail and each of the two-way sliding rails, and the conveying trolley comprises a corresponding conveying rail or a two-way sliding rail.
  • the trolley conveying rail includes an upper rail and a lower rail mounted on the rail mounting bracket, and a first tooth is disposed between the upper rail and the lower rail a first guiding device, a driving motor, and a first gear mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor and meshing with the first rack, the trolley bracket passing the first guiding
  • the device is mounted on the upper rail and the lower rail and is driven on the carriage conveying rail by the first gear and the first rack.
  • the front and rear ends of the carriage are equipped with a driving traction arm.
  • At least two sets of first guiding devices are disposed on the carriage bracket, and the trolley brackets are hung by the first guiding device to the upper rail and the lower rail, the first guiding
  • the device includes a mounting seat having a U-shaped guide groove for holding the upper rail and the lower rail.
  • the mounting wheel has a first wheel set on both side walls and a groove bottom of the U-shaped guide groove.
  • the carriage bracket is provided with a hinge mounting seat connecting the first guiding device, and the hinge mounting seat is connected to the mounting seat through a vertical first pin shaft.
  • the driving traction swing arm comprises a cylinder mounting seat mounted on the carriage bracket, a traction block mounted on a top of the cylinder mounting seat through a hinge shaft, and mounted on the cylinder mounting seat a cylinder on the cylinder and a swing arm mounted on the cylinder mount and driven to rotate by the cylinder, the swing arm being connected to the traction block through a connecting rod, the cylinder driving the swing arm to rotate The arm drives the traction block to rotate about the hinge shaft through the connecting rod to cooperate or loosen with the total jig.
  • the end of the traction block is provided with a roller that can cooperate with the total assembling jig and pull the total assembling jig.
  • the traction block is provided with a proximity switch for detecting whether the roller cooperates with the total assembly jig.
  • one side of the trolley conveying guide rail is provided with a drag chain bracket, and the cable of the trolley bracket is placed in the drag chain on the drag chain bracket.
  • the assembling system includes a sliding rail perpendicular to a conveying direction of the vehicle body conveying system, and the driving assembly can be driven to move along the combined sliding rail to clamp the vehicle body.
  • a combination car and a positioning system that can position and clamp the assembly jig.
  • the left sliding table conveying track and the right sliding table conveying track respectively comprise two parallel guiding rails
  • the sliding table is horizontally erected on the two guiding rails by the second guiding device, along each of the
  • the guide rails are respectively provided with a second rack on which the motor is arranged between the two side rails
  • the slide table is provided with drive seats corresponding to the second racks on both sides of the motor.
  • the drive base is provided with a second gear driven by the motor and meshed with a corresponding second rack.
  • the second guiding device comprises a wheel set mounting seat, and the wheel set mounting seat is mounted with the guide rail. The second round of the group.
  • the wheel set mounting seat is provided on one of inner and outer sides of the guide rail, and the side of the wheel set mounting seat is provided with a guiding groove for mounting the second wheel set, and the second wheel
  • the assembly includes a load bearing wheel mounted on a side wall of the top of the guide groove and engaging with a top surface of the guide rail, a lateral adjustment wheel mounted on the side of the guide groove and engaging with a side surface of the guide rail, and mounted on the guide A longitudinal adjustment wheel that supports the bottom side wall of the groove and can cooperate with the bottom surface of the guide rail.
  • the load bearing wheel is a concentric roller
  • the lateral adjustment wheel and the longitudinal adjustment wheel are both eccentric rollers capable of adjusting the distance from the guide rail by rotation.
  • the slide table is provided with a hinge mount connected to the second guiding device, and the hinge mount is connected to the wheel set mount through a second pin.
  • the driving bases on both sides of the motor are equipped with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is divided into an active end and a driven end on both sides of the driving base, and the driving end of the driving shaft Connecting to a drive shaft of the motor through a universal joint, the second gear is mounted on a driven end of the drive shaft, and one end of the universal joint passes through the first flange and the drive shaft The active ends are connected, and the other end of the universal joint is connected to the drive shaft of the motor through a second flange and an expansion sleeve.
  • the fixture storage system can set a plurality of two-way slide rails according to the number of vehicle models, and the storage position of the storage assembly fixture is formed on the two-way slide rails, and the storage position is totaled.
  • the fixture can be slid in the left and right directions, and the total assembly jig corresponding to the welding model is further sent to the combined system through the clamp switching system, and the body conveying system transports the vehicle body to a predetermined position, and the body system positions and fixes the body, the welding system Then complete the body-in-white welding work.
  • the total assembling fixture switching mode is more flexible, the switching period is reduced, and the floor space is reduced, thereby meeting the requirement of random switching of the fixtures in the future collinear production of multiple models of the automobile.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a jig storage system of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the transport trolley of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a trolley bracket of the transport trolley of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the driving traction arm of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the traction assembly of the transport trolley of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the left sliding table conveying track or the right sliding table conveying track and the sliding table of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a motor transmission portion of the slide table of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a second guiding device of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the guide rail, the rail mounting seat, the heightening platform and the foot board of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the assembling system of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a ground sliding type flexible assembling system, including a body conveying system 1, a floor positioning system, a welding system 2, a total assembling jig 3, and driving the main assembling jig 3 to clamp the body.
  • the combination system 4, the fixture storage system 5 and the fixture switching system for realizing the switching between the total assembly 3 and the fixture storage system 5, the floor positioning system is mainly used for positioning and fixing the body-in-white floor, and is placed in the body transportation.
  • System 1 track in the middle.
  • the master jig 3 includes a jig base 31 and a jig body 32 mounted on the jig base 31, the jig storage system 5 being located on a side of the welding system 2 remote from the body transport system 1.
  • the splicing system 4 is responsible for the positioning and fixing of the body roof, the side panels and the floor, and the merging system 4 is located between the welding system 2 and the body conveyor system 1.
  • the jig storage system 5 includes a plurality of bidirectional slide rails 51 arranged in parallel, and the two-way slide rail 51 forms a storage location for storing the total jig 3, and the jig switching system includes the two ends of the bidirectional slide 51
  • the left sliding table conveying track 61 and the right sliding table conveying track 62 on both sides of the combining system 4 are respectively led to the left sliding table conveying track 61 and the right sliding table conveying track 62 by the two sides of the combining system 4 respectively.
  • a jig transport rail 63 a slide table 64 operable on the left slide transport rail 61 and the right slide transport rail 62, and a main jig 3 that can be pulled on the two-way slide rail 51 and the jig transport rail 63 Transport mechanism.
  • the transport mechanism includes transport carriages 7 respectively mounted on the clamp transport rail 63 and each of the two-way slide rails 51, and the transport carriage 7 includes and corresponding jig transport
  • the carriage 63 or the two-way rail 51 is parallel to the carriage conveyance rail 71 and the carriage bracket 72 that can run along the carriage conveyance rail 71.
  • the carriage conveyance rail 71 is independent of the clamp conveyance rail 63 and the two-way slide rail 51, and the production efficiency is high.
  • the docking repeat precision requirements are low, the switching stability is good, the maintenance is convenient, and the applicable models are wide, which satisfies the need for automatic welding of the white body of multiple models.
  • One side of the cart transport rail 71 is provided with a drag chain bracket 711, and the cable of the cart bracket 72 is placed in the drag chain 712 on the drag chain bracket 711.
  • the carriage bracket 72 is provided with a drive traction swing arm 73 that can pull the assembly jig 3, The carriage bracket 72 can drive the final assembly 3 to reciprocate on the clamp conveying rail 63 and the two-way slide rail 51 by the driving traction swing arm 73.
  • a rail mounting bracket 713 is further included, the cart transport rail 71 includes an upper rail 71a and a lower rail 71b mounted on the rail mounting bracket 713, and the cart transport rail 71 can be passed through the rail mounting bracket 713.
  • the actual working condition can be installed on the ground or other fixed position.
  • a first rack 714 is disposed between the upper rail 71a and the lower rail 71b.
  • the trolley bracket 72 is provided with a first guiding device 721, a driving motor 722, and a first gear 723 mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 722 and meshing with the first rack 714, the carriage bracket 72 being mounted on the upper rail 71a and the lower rail 71b by the first guiding device 721 and The first gear 723 and the first rack 714 are meshed and driven to run on the trolley conveying guide 71.
  • the front and rear ends of the carriage bracket 72 are equipped with a driving traction arm 73, and the driving traction arm 73 can be driven according to actual conditions. The working conditions can be two simultaneous or single work, thus achieving flexible production.
  • the trolley bracket 72 is provided with four sets of first guiding devices 721.
  • the trolley brackets 72 are hung by the first guiding device 721 to the upper rail 71a and the lower rail 71b, so that the trolley bracket 72 is further
  • the first guiding device 721 includes a mounting seat 721a, and the mounting seat 721a is provided with a U-shaped guide groove 721b that holds the upper rail 71a and the lower rail 71b.
  • the mounting wheel 721a is provided with a first wheel set 721c on both side walls and a groove bottom of the U-shaped guide groove 721b.
  • the first set of wheels 721c on each mount 721a includes five guide wheels that cooperate to provide the cart support 72 with a single degree of freedom.
  • the carriage bracket 72 is provided with a hinge mounting seat 721d connected to the first guiding device 721.
  • the hinge mounting seat 721d is connected to the mounting seat 721a via a vertical first pin shaft, and the carriage bracket 72 and the mounting seat 721a
  • a hinge connection is formed to resist slight deflection of the carriage transport rail 71 and to prevent the load from being biased to one side of the roller, overloading the roller and reducing the life of the roller.
  • the drive traction arm 73 includes a cylinder mount 731 mounted on the carriage bracket 72, a traction block 733 mounted on the top of the cylinder mount 731 via a hinge shaft 732, and mounted thereon. a cylinder 734 on the cylinder mount 731 and a swing arm 735 mounted on the cylinder mount 731 via a rotary shaft and driven to rotate by the cylinder 734, the swing arm 735 being connected to the traction block 733 via a link 736
  • the cylinder 734 drives the swing arm 735 to rotate.
  • the swing arm 735 drives the traction block 733 to rotate around the hinge shaft 732 through the connecting rod 736 to cooperate or loosen with the total jig 3 .
  • the end of the traction block 733 is provided with a roller 737 that can cooperate with the master jig 3 and pull the master jig 3 .
  • the swing arm 735 is rotated by 90° by the cylinder 724 mounted on the cylinder mount 731 as a power source, while the power is transmitted to the traction block 733 by the action of the link 736, thereby rotating the traction block 733 by 90°, thereby mounting the same.
  • the upper roller 737 is engaged and loosened by the main jig 3 to drive the main jig 3 . Through the double rocker mechanism, the roller 737 is used to cooperate with the total assembling jig 3, thereby achieving rolling friction instead of sliding friction and the like, thereby improving the fatigue life of the device.
  • the traction block 733 is provided with a proximity switch 738 for detecting whether the roller 737 is engaged with the main jig 3 for detecting whether the roller 737 is engaged with the main jig 3.
  • the left slide transport rail 61 and the right slide transport rail 62 each include two parallel guide rails 63, a rail mount 631, a heightening platform 632, and a foot plate 633.
  • the foot plate 633 is fixed to the ground by chemical bolts, and the height increasing table 632 is assembled on the foot plate 633 by adjusting bolts, and the grounding plate 633 is provided with a welding electrode around the heightening table 632.
  • the guide rail 63 is mounted on the rail mounting seat 631, and the rail mounting seat 631 is fixed to the top of the heightening table 632.
  • the heightening table 632 adjusts the height of the upper and lower sides by an adjusting bolt group welded on the foot board 633.
  • the sliding table 64 is laterally erected on the two guide rails 63 via the second guiding device 65.
  • a second rack 634 is disposed along each of the guiding rails 63.
  • the second rack 634 is fixedly mounted on the rack mounting seat 635.
  • a motor 66 is disposed on the slide table 64 between the two side rails 63.
  • the slide base 64 is provided with drive seats 641 corresponding to the second racks 634 on both sides of the motor 66.
  • the second gear 642 is driven by the motor 66 and meshed with the corresponding second rack 634.
  • the motor 66 drives the second gear 642, and is driven by the second gear 642 and the second rack 634.
  • the load on the slide table 64 reciprocates.
  • the second guide 65 includes a wheel mount 651 having a second wheel set engageable with the rail 63.
  • the wheel set mount 651 is provided on each of the inner and outer sides of the guide rail 63.
  • the side of the wheel set mount 651 is provided with a guide groove 652 for mounting the second wheel set, and the second wheel set includes a mounting bracket.
  • a load bearing wheel 653 having a top side wall of the guide groove 652 and engaging with a top surface of the guide rail 63
  • a lateral adjustment wheel 654 mounted on a groove side of the guide groove 652 and mate with a side surface of the guide rail 63
  • the bottom side wall of the guide groove 652 and a longitudinal adjustment wheel 655 that can cooperate with the bottom surface of the guide rail 63.
  • the load bearing wheel 653 is a concentric roller, and the lateral adjustment wheel 654 and the longitudinal adjustment wheel 655 are both eccentric rollers that can adjust the distance from the guide rail 63 by rotation.
  • the slide table 64 is provided with a hinge mounting seat 656 that connects the second guiding device 65.
  • the hinge mounting seat 656 is connected to the wheel set mounting seat 651 through a second pin shaft to form a hinge connection, thereby resisting the guide rail 63.
  • the lateral adjustment wheel 654 works in accordance with the principle, and the lateral clearance between the rail and the guide rail 63 is adjusted by rotating the two lateral adjustment wheels 654 to meet the working condition.
  • the driving base 641 on both sides of the motor 66 is provided with a transmission shaft 643.
  • the transmission shaft 643 is divided into an active end and a driven end on both sides of the driving base 641.
  • the driving end of the 643 is connected to the driving shaft of the motor 66 through a universal joint 644.
  • One end of the universal coupling 644 is connected to the active end of the transmission shaft 643 through the first flange 645, and the universal joint is connected.
  • the other end of the shaft 644 is coupled to the drive shaft of the motor 66 via a second flange 646 and an expansion sleeve 647.
  • the drive base 641 is provided with a bearing seat 649, and the drive shaft 643 is mounted on the bearing housing 649 via a bearing and a bearing cover 640 on the outer side of the bearing.
  • the power of the motor 66 is transmitted through a drive shaft fixed thereto; the power is transmitted to the transmission shaft 643 by the coupling 644; the transmission shaft 643 is combined by the bearing and the bearing gland 640 and the bearing housing 649 So that there is only one degree of rotational freedom; the inside of the bearing housing 649 is fixed to the driving base 641 by bolts; the driving base 641 is fixed to the sliding table 64; and the second gear 642 is fixed to the transmission shaft 643 by the action of a key.
  • the driven end is rotated integrally with the drive shaft 643 at a high speed.
  • the transmission structure on both sides of the motor 66 is uniform, and the second gears 642 on both sides are moved in the same manner by the above structure, thereby solving the problem that the single-side driving load is excessively shaken and the operation is not stable.
  • the splicing system 4 includes a splicing slide 41 that is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the body transport system 1, and can drive the splicing jig 3 to move along the splicing rail 41 to clamp the body.
  • the combination cart 42 and a positioning system 43 that can position and clamp the master assembly 3.
  • the combined slide rails 41 are distributed on both sides of the floor positioning system, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the moving direction of the vehicle body.
  • the side wall clamp platform and the floor positioning system can completely position the body of the body.
  • the assembly jig 3 is located at the D position of the storage location of the jig storage system 5, and is transported to the E position by the transport carriage 7, and after being clamped and clamped with the slide table 64, the slide table The 64 further drives the main jig 3 to the F position and is transported to the G position by the transport cart 7.
  • the body-in-white is transported from the A position to the B position by the body transport system 1 and is fixed to the floor positioning system by the lifting roller bed.
  • the total jig 3 located at the G position is transported to the B position by the splicing rail 41, and the positioning of the vehicle body is completely completed.
  • the welding system 2 begins to perform the welding work.
  • the total assembling jig 3 returns to the G position on the splicing rail 41, and then the main jig 3 is driven by the conveying carriage 7 to reach the H position, and then moves to the I position through the sliding table 64, and finally passes.
  • the transport carriage 7 returns to the J position of the clamp storage position of the clamp storage system 5.
  • the total clamp 3 can also be brought to the K position by the slide table according to the need, and then driven by the transport carriage 7 to reach the L position or other required position.
  • the welded body in white is moved from the B position to the C position by the body transport system 1, and the body in the A position is moved to the B position, while the main assembly 3 of the next model is moved to the slide table 64 by the transport cart 7 to prepare.
  • the next cycle this completes the switching of the master jig 3 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Intermediate Stations On Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

一种地面滑动式柔性总拼***，包括车身输送***（1）、焊接***（2）、总拼夹具（3）、合拼***（4）、夹具存储***（5）和夹具切换***，夹具存储***（5）包括若干平行设置的双向滑轨（51），双向滑轨（51）上形成存储位，夹具切换***包括由双向滑轨（51）的两端引至合拼***（4）两侧的左右滑台输送轨道（61、62）、由合拼***（4）两侧分别引至左右滑台输送轨道（61、62）的夹具输送轨道（63）、可在左右滑台输送轨道（61、62）上运行的滑台（64）以及可牵引总拼夹具（3）的输送机构。该总拼***的总拼夹具切换方式更柔性，减少了切换周期，同时减少了占地面积，从而满足多车型共线生产时夹具随机切换的需求。

Description

一种地面滑动式柔性总拼***
技术领域
本发明用于汽车生产制造技术领域，特别是涉及一种地面滑动式柔性总拼***。
背景技术
伴随时代发展，汽车需求量快速增加，同时人们对汽车个性化、选择多样化的需求也越来越强烈，汽车制造业逐步向小批量、多品种的趋势发展。对于汽车生产厂商，生产车型增多，需要投入更多的生产线，为了节省生产成本同时满足产能需求，迫切需要将单车型生产线整合成多车型兼容的生产线，即柔性生产***。
在目前能够适应多车型生产需求的地面滑动总拼***夹具切换小车和夹具共用同一套轨道，轨道对接时需另设一套定位机构来控制对接精度以确保夹具切换小车和夹具都能通过，而且对重复精度要求高、控制复杂、可靠性和稳定性低，同时分立式夹具库夹具存储位左右分割开，导致占用面积大，夹具左右循环无法实现，夹具的切换方式单一，不能满足将来汽车多品种生产带来的高频率夹具切换需求和生产线维护需要。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种地面滑动式柔性总拼***，夹具位上夹具可以左右双向滑动，切换方式更柔性，减少了切换周期，同时减少了占地面积，从而满足多车型共线生产时夹具随机切换的需求。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种地面滑动式柔性总拼***，包括车身输送***、焊接***、总拼夹具、驱动所述总拼夹具夹紧车身的合拼***、夹具存储***和实现合拼***和夹具存储***间总拼夹具切换的夹具切换***，所述夹具存储***包括若干平行设置的双向滑轨，所述双向滑轨上形成存储总拼夹具的存储位，所述夹具切换***包括由所述双向滑轨的两端引至所述合拼***两侧的左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道、由合拼***两侧分别引至所述左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道的夹具输送轨道、可在所述左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道上运行的滑台以及可牵引位于所述双向滑轨和夹具输送轨道上的总拼夹具的输送机构。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述输送机构包括分别装在所述夹具输送轨道和各所述双向滑轨一侧的输送小车，所述输送小车包括与对应的夹具输送轨道或双向滑轨并行的小车输送导轨和可沿所述小车输送导轨运行的小车支架，所述小车支架上设有可牵引所述总拼夹具的驱动牵引摆臂。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，还包括导轨安装架，所述小车输送导轨包括装在所述导轨安装架上的上导轨和下导轨，所述上导轨和下导轨之间设有第一齿条，所述小车支架上设有第一导向装置、驱动电机以及装在所述驱动电机输出轴上且与所述第一齿条啮合的第一齿轮，所述小车支架通过所述第一导向装置装在上导轨和下导轨上并通过所述第一齿轮和第一齿条地啮合传动在小车输送导轨上运行，所述小车支架的前后两端均装有驱动牵引摆臂。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述小车支架上至少设有两组第一导向装置，所述小车支架通过所述第一导向装置抱住所述上导轨和下导轨，所述第一导向装置包括安装座，所述安装座上设有抱住所述上导轨和下导轨的U型导槽。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述安装座上在U型导槽的两侧侧壁和槽底均装有第一轮组。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述小车支架上装有连接所述第一导向装置的铰链安装座，所述铰链安装座通过竖向的第一销轴与所述安装座连接。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述驱动牵引摆臂包括装在所述小车支架上的气缸安装座、通过铰链轴装在所述气缸安装座顶部的牵引块、装在所述气缸安装座上的气缸以及通过转轴装在所述气缸安装座上并由所述气缸驱动转动的摆臂，所述摆臂通过连杆与所述牵引块相连，所述气缸驱动摆臂转动，所述摆臂通过连杆带动所述牵引块绕铰链轴转动以与所述总拼夹具配合或松开。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述牵引块的端部装有可与所述总拼夹具配合并牵引所述总拼夹具的滚轮。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述牵引块上装有检测所述滚轮是否与总拼夹具配合的接近开关。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述小车输送导轨的一侧设有拖链支架，所述小车支架的电缆置于所述拖链支架上的拖链中。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述合拼***包括垂直于所述车身输送***输送方向的合拼滑轨、可驱动所述总拼夹具沿所述合拼滑轨移动以夹紧车身的合拼小车以及可定位夹紧所述总拼夹具的定位***。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道均包括两条并行的导轨，所述滑台通过第二导向装置横向架设在两导轨上，沿各所述导轨均设有第二齿条，所述滑台上在两侧导轨间装有电机，所述滑台上在所述电机的两侧装有对应两侧第二齿条的驱动座，所述驱动座上装有由所述电机驱动并与对应一侧第二齿条啮合的第二齿轮，所述第二导向装置包括轮组安装座，所述轮组安装座上装有可与所述导轨配合的第二轮组。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述轮组安装座在导轨的内外两侧各设一个，所述轮组安装座的侧面设有用于安装第二轮组的导槽，所述第二轮组包括装在所述导槽顶部侧壁并可与所述导轨顶面配合的承重轮、装在所述导槽槽侧并可与所述导轨侧面配合的横向调整轮以及装在所述导槽底部侧壁并可与所述导轨底面配合的纵向调整轮。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述承重轮为同心滚轮，所述横向调整轮和纵向调整轮均为可通过转动调整与导轨间距的偏心滚轮。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述滑台上装有连接所述第二导向装置的铰链安装座，所述铰链安装座通过第二销轴与所述轮组安装座连接。
进一步作为本发明技术方案的改进，所述电机两侧的驱动座上均装有传动轴，所述传动轴在驱动座的两侧分为主动端和从动端，所述传动轴的主动端通过万向联轴器与所述电机的驱动轴连接，所述第二齿轮装在所述传动轴的从动端，所述万向联轴器的一端通过第一法兰与所述传动轴的主动端相连，万向联轴器的另一端通过第二法兰和胀套与所述电机的驱动轴相连。
本发明的有益效果：本地面滑动式柔性总拼***中，夹具存储***可根据车型数量的需要设置多条双向滑轨，双向滑轨上形成存储总拼夹具的存储位，存储位上总拼夹具可以左右双向滑动，进一步通过夹具切换***将与焊接车型对应的总拼夹具送至合拼***，同时车身输送***其将车身输送到预定位置，合拼***再把车身定位并固定，焊接***则完成白车身焊接工作。本发明中的总拼夹具切换方式更柔性，减少了切换周期，同时减少了占地面积，从而满足将来汽车多车型共线生产时夹具随机切换的需求。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
图1是本发明整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明夹具存储***结构示意图；
图3是本发明输送小车结构示意图；
图4是本发明输送小车的小车支架结构示意图；
图5是本发明驱动牵引摆臂结构示意图；
图6是本发明输送小车牵引总拼夹具结构示意图；
图7是本发明左滑台输送轨道或右滑台输送轨道与滑台结构示意图；
图8是本发明滑台上电机传动部分结构示意图；
图9是本发明第二导向装置结构示意图；
图10是本发明导轨、导轨安装座、增高台和地脚板结构示意图；
图11是本发明合拼***结构示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图1至图11，其显示出了本发明之较佳实施例的具体结构。以下将详细说明本发明各元件的结构特点。
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种地面滑动式柔性总拼***，包括车身输送***1、地板定位***、焊接***2、总拼夹具3、驱动所述总拼夹具3夹紧车身的合拼***4、夹具存储***5和实现合拼***4和夹具存储***5间总拼夹具3切换的夹具切换***，地板定位***主要用于白车身地板的定位和固定，其放置在车身输送***1轨道中间。所述总拼夹具3包括夹具底座31和装在所述夹具底座31上的夹具本体32，所述夹具存储***5位于所述焊接***2远离车身输送***1的一侧。合拼***4负责白车身顶盖、侧围和地板的定位及固定，所述合拼***4位于所述焊接***2和车身输送***1之间。所述夹具存储***5包括若干平行设置的双向滑轨51，所述双向滑轨51上形成存储总拼夹具3的存储位，所述夹具切换***包括由所述双向滑轨51的两端引至所述合拼***4两侧的左滑台输送轨道61和右滑台输送轨道62、由合拼***4两侧分别引至所述左滑台输送轨道61和右滑台输送轨道62的夹具输送轨道63、可在所述左滑台输送轨道61和右滑台输送轨道62上运行的滑台64以及可牵引位于所述双向滑轨51和夹具输送轨道63上的总拼夹具3的输送机构。
参照图2、图3、图6，所述输送机构包括分别装在所述夹具输送轨道63和各所述双向滑轨51一侧的输送小车7，所述输送小车7包括与对应的夹具输送轨道63或双向滑轨51并行的小车输送导轨71和可沿所述小车输送导轨71运行的小车支架72，小车输送导轨71与夹具输送轨道63和双向滑轨51相互独立，其生产效率高、对接重复精度要求低、切换稳定性好、维护方便、适用车型广，满足了多车型白车身自动化焊装需要。所述小车输送导轨71的一侧设有拖链支架711，所述小车支架72的电缆置于所述拖链支架711上的拖链712中。所述小车支架72上设有可牵引所述总拼夹具3的驱动牵引摆臂73, 所述小车支架72可通过所述驱动牵引摆臂73带动所述总拼夹具3在夹具输送轨道63和双向滑轨51上往复运动。
参照图2、图3，还包括导轨安装架713，所述小车输送导轨71包括装在所述导轨安装架713上的上导轨71a和下导轨71b，小车输送导轨71可通过导轨安装架713根据实际工况需求可安装于地面或其它固定处，所述上导轨71a和下导轨71b之间设有第一齿条714，所述小车支架72上设有第一导向装置721、驱动电机722以及装在所述驱动电机722输出轴上且与所述第一齿条714啮合的第一齿轮723，所述小车支架72通过所述第一导向装置721装在上导轨71a和下导轨71b上并通过所述第一齿轮723和第一齿条714地啮合传动在小车输送导轨71上运行，所述小车支架72的前后两端均装有驱动牵引摆臂73，驱动牵引摆臂73可根据实际工况需求可两个同时或单个工作，从而实现柔性化生产。
参照图4，所述小车支架72上设有四组第一导向装置721，所述小车支架72通过所述第一导向装置721抱住所述上导轨71a和下导轨71b，使小车支架72更平稳运动；所述第一导向装置721包括安装座721a，所述安装座721a上设有抱住所述上导轨71a和下导轨71b的U型导槽721b。所述安装座721a上在U型导槽721b的两侧侧壁和槽底均装有第一轮组721c。每个安装座721a上的第一轮组721c包括五个导向轮，五个导向轮的共同作用使小车支架72只有单个自由度。所述小车支架72上装有连接所述第一导向装置721的铰链安装座721d，所述铰链安装座721d通过竖向的第一销轴与所述安装座721a连接，小车支架72与安装座721a形成铰链连接，从而抵抗小车输送导轨71的轻微挠度以及防止载荷偏向一侧滚轮，使滚轮过载，降低滚轮寿命。
参照图3、图5，所述驱动牵引摆臂73包括装在所述小车支架72上的气缸安装座731、通过铰链轴732装在所述气缸安装座731顶部的牵引块733、装在所述气缸安装座731上的气缸734以及通过转轴装在所述气缸安装座731上并由所述气缸734驱动转动的摆臂735，所述摆臂735通过连杆736与所述牵引块733相连，所述气缸734驱动摆臂735转动，所述摆臂735通过连杆736带动所述牵引块733绕铰链轴732转动以与所述总拼夹具3配合或松开。所述牵引块733的端部装有可与所述总拼夹具3配合并牵引所述总拼夹具3的滚轮737。通过安装于气缸安装座731上的气缸724作为动力源驱动摆臂735旋转90°，同时通过连杆736的作用将动力传递给牵引块733，从而使牵引块733旋转90°，从而使安装其上的滚轮737对总拼夹具3配合与松开，实现总拼夹具3的驱动。通过双摇杆机构，采用滚轮737与总拼夹具3配合，从而实现滚动摩擦代替滑动摩擦等，提高设备的疲劳寿命。所述牵引块733上装有检测所述滚轮737是否与总拼夹具3配合的接近开关738，用于检测所述滚轮737是否与总拼夹具3配合。
参照图7、图8、图10，所述左滑台输送轨道61和右滑台输送轨道62均包括两条并行的导轨63、导轨安装座631、增高台632和地脚板633，所述地脚板633通过化学螺栓固定于地面，所述增高台632通过调整螺栓组装在所述地脚板633上，所述地脚板633上在所述增高台632的四周装有配焊条。所述导轨63装在所述导轨安装座631上，所述导轨安装座631固定于所述增高台632顶部，所述增高台632通过焊接在地脚板633上的调整螺栓组来调节其上下高度，从而来调整固定在导轨安装座631上的导轨63的竖直高度。所述滑台64通过第二导向装置65横向架设在两导轨63上，沿各所述导轨63均设有第二齿条634，所述第二齿条634通过齿条安装座635固定安装在所述导轨安装座631的侧壁。所述滑台64上在两侧导轨63间装有电机66，所述滑台64上在所述电机66的两侧装有对应两侧第二齿条634的驱动座641，所述驱动座641上装有由所述电机66驱动并与对应一侧第二齿条634啮合的第二齿轮642，电机66驱动第二齿轮642，通过第二齿轮642与第二齿条634的啮合，驱动装在滑台64上的负载往复运动。
参照图9，所述第二导向装置65包括轮组安装座651，所述轮组安装座651上装有可与所述导轨63配合的第二轮组。所述轮组安装座651在导轨63的内外两侧各设一个，所述轮组安装座651的侧面设有用于安装第二轮组的导槽652，所述第二轮组包括装在所述导槽652顶部侧壁并可与所述导轨63顶面配合的承重轮653、装在所述导槽652槽侧并可与所述导轨63侧面配合的横向调整轮654以及装在所述导槽652底部侧壁并可与所述导轨63底面配合的纵向调整轮655。所述承重轮653为同心滚轮，所述横向调整轮654和纵向调整轮655均为可通过转动调整与导轨63间距的偏心滚轮。所述滑台64上装有连接所述第二导向装置65的铰链安装座656，所述铰链安装座656通过第二销轴与所述轮组安装座651连接，形成铰链连接，从而抵抗导轨63的轻微挠度以及防止载荷偏向一侧滚轮，使滚轮过载，降低滚轮寿命；第二导向装置65的工作原理，通过同心滚轮作为第二导向装置的承载轮653，而下方纵向调整轮655相互配合，从而限制轨道支架的纵向自由度，通过旋转纵向调整轮，从而调节纵向调整轮655与导轨63间隙，可根据工况需求，调节间隙大小。所述横向调整轮654工作原理与之一致，通过旋转两个横向调整轮654调节其与导轨63横向间隙，从而满足工况要求。
参照图7、图8，所述电机66两侧的驱动座641上均装有传动轴643，所述传动轴643在驱动座641的两侧分为主动端和从动端，所述传动轴643的主动端通过万向联轴器644与所述电机66的驱动轴连接，所述万向联轴器644的一端通过第一法兰645所述传动轴643的主动端相连，万向联轴器644的另一端通过第二法兰646和胀套647与所述电机66的驱动轴相连。通过胀套647的连接，使驱动轴643两端万向联轴器644更好的保证了同步性；所述第二齿轮642通过键和压盖648装在所述传动轴643的从动端。所述驱动座641上设有轴承座649，所述传动轴643通过轴承和轴承外侧的轴承压盖640装在所述轴承座649上。所述电机66的动力通过固定其上的驱动轴传递出来；通过向联轴器644将动力传递给传动轴643；所述传动轴643在轴承和轴承压盖640以及轴承座649的共同作用下，使其只有一个旋转自由度；所述轴承座649内部通过螺栓与驱动座641固定；所述驱动座641与滑台64固定；所述第二齿轮642通过键的作用固定于传动轴643的从动端，使其与传动轴643一体高速旋转。电机66两侧传动结构一致，通过以上结构使两侧第二齿轮642运动一致，从而解决了单侧驱动载荷晃动过大，运行不平稳现象。
参照图11，所述合拼***4包括垂直于所述车身输送***1输送方向的合拼滑轨41、可驱动所述总拼夹具3沿所述合拼滑轨41移动以夹紧车身的合拼小车42以及可定位夹紧所述总拼夹具3的定位***43。合拼滑轨41分布在地板定位***两侧，滑动方向和车身运动方向垂直，侧围夹具平台配合地板定位***可实现白车身主体完全定位。
本技术方案的工作原理，参照图1，初始状态，总拼夹具3位于夹具存储***5存储位的D位置上，通过输送小车7输送到E位置，与滑台64定位夹紧后，滑台64再带动总拼夹具3运动到F位置，通过输送小车7输送到G位置。同时白车身在车身输送***1带动下由A位置输送到B位置，通过升降滚床固定到地板定位***上。此时位于G位置的总拼夹具3再通过合拼滑轨41输送到B位置，经过定位***完成车身的完全定位。此时焊接***2开始执行焊接工作。焊接完毕后，此时总拼夹具3在合拼滑轨41上回到G位置，然后总拼夹具3再在输送小车7驱动下到达H位置，通过滑台64再运动到I位置，最后通过输送小车7回到夹具存储***5的夹具存储位的J位置，当然根据需要总拼夹具3也可以在滑台带动下到达K位置，再在输送小车7驱动下到达L位置或者其他需要位置。焊接完的白车身通过车身输送***1从B位置运动到C位置，A位置的白车身运动到B位置，同时下一个车型的总拼夹具3在输送小车7带动下运动到滑台64上准备下次循环，这样就完成了总拼夹具3的切换。
当然，本发明创造并不局限于上述实施方式，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可作出等同变形或替换，这些等同的变型或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：包括车身输送***、焊接***、总拼夹具、驱动所述总拼夹具夹紧车身的合拼***、夹具存储***和实现合拼***和夹具存储***间总拼夹具切换的夹具切换***，所述夹具存储***包括若干平行设置的双向滑轨，所述双向滑轨上形成存储总拼夹具的存储位，所述夹具切换***包括由所述双向滑轨的两端引至所述合拼***两侧的左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道、由合拼***两侧分别引至所述左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道的夹具输送轨道、可在所述左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道上运行的滑台以及可牵引位于所述双向滑轨和夹具输送轨道上的总拼夹具的输送机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述输送机构包括分别装在所述夹具输送轨道和各所述双向滑轨一侧的输送小车，所述输送小车包括与对应的夹具输送轨道或双向滑轨并行的小车输送导轨和可沿所述小车输送导轨运行的小车支架，所述小车支架上设有可牵引所述总拼夹具的驱动牵引摆臂。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：还包括导轨安装架，所述小车输送导轨包括装在所述导轨安装架上的上导轨和下导轨，所述上导轨和下导轨之间设有第一齿条，所述小车支架上设有第一导向装置、驱动电机以及装在所述驱动电机输出轴上且与所述第一齿条啮合的第一齿轮，所述小车支架通过所述第一导向装置装在上导轨和下导轨上并通过所述第一齿轮和第一齿条地啮合传动在小车输送导轨上运行，所述小车支架的前后两端均装有驱动牵引摆臂。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述小车支架上至少设有两组第一导向装置，所述小车支架通过所述第一导向装置抱住所述上导轨和下导轨，所述第一导向装置包括安装座，所述安装座上设有抱住所述上导轨和下导轨的U型导槽。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述安装座上在U型导槽的两侧侧壁和槽底均装有第一轮组。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述小车支架上装有连接所述第一导向装置的铰链安装座，所述铰链安装座通过竖向的第一销轴与所述安装座连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述驱动牵引摆臂包括装在所述小车支架上的气缸安装座、通过铰链轴装在所述气缸安装座顶部的牵引块、装在所述气缸安装座上的气缸以及通过转轴装在所述气缸安装座上并由所述气缸驱动转动的摆臂，所述摆臂通过连杆与所述牵引块相连，所述气缸驱动摆臂转动，所述摆臂通过连杆带动所述牵引块绕铰链轴转动以与所述总拼夹具配合或松开。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述牵引块的端部装有可与所述总拼夹具配合并牵引所述总拼夹具的滚轮。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述牵引块上装有检测所述滚轮是否与总拼夹具配合的接近开关。
  10. 根据权利要求2～4中任一项所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述小车输送导轨的一侧设有拖链支架，所述小车支架的电缆置于所述拖链支架上的拖链中。
  11. 根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述合拼***包括垂直于所述车身输送***输送方向的合拼滑轨、可驱动所述总拼夹具沿所述合拼滑轨移动以夹紧车身的合拼小车以及可定位夹紧所述总拼夹具的定位***。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述左滑台输送轨道和右滑台输送轨道均包括两条并行的导轨，所述滑台通过第二导向装置横向架设在两导轨上，沿各所述导轨均设有第二齿条，所述滑台上在两侧导轨间装有电机，所述滑台上在所述电机的两侧装有对应两侧第二齿条的驱动座，所述驱动座上装有由所述电机驱动并与对应一侧第二齿条啮合的第二齿轮，所述第二导向装置包括轮组安装座，所述轮组安装座上装有可与所述导轨配合的第二轮组。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述轮组安装座在导轨的内外两侧各设一个，所述轮组安装座的侧面设有用于安装第二轮组的导槽，所述第二轮组包括装在所述导槽顶部侧壁并可与所述导轨顶面配合的承重轮、装在所述导槽槽侧并可与所述导轨侧面配合的横向调整轮以及装在所述导槽底部侧壁并可与所述导轨底面配合的纵向调整轮。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述承重轮为同心滚轮，所述横向调整轮和纵向调整轮均为可通过转动调整与导轨间距的偏心滚轮。
  15. 根据权利要求12～14中任一项所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述滑台上装有连接所述第二导向装置的铰链安装座，所述铰链安装座通过第二销轴与所述轮组安装座连接。
  16. 根据权利要求12～14中任一项所述的地面滑动式柔性总拼***，其特征在于：所述电机两侧的驱动座上均装有传动轴，所述传动轴在驱动座的两侧分为主动端和从动端，所述传动轴的主动端通过万向联轴器与所述电机的驱动轴连接，所述第二齿轮装在所述传动轴的从动端，所述万向联轴器的一端通过第一法兰与所述传动轴的主动端相连，万向联轴器的另一端通过第二法兰和胀套与所述电机的驱动轴相连。
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