WO2016114208A1 - 鋳片の連続鋳造方法 - Google Patents
鋳片の連続鋳造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016114208A1 WO2016114208A1 PCT/JP2016/050304 JP2016050304W WO2016114208A1 WO 2016114208 A1 WO2016114208 A1 WO 2016114208A1 JP 2016050304 W JP2016050304 W JP 2016050304W WO 2016114208 A1 WO2016114208 A1 WO 2016114208A1
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- Prior art keywords
- slab
- cooling
- water
- surface temperature
- recuperation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/049—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for direct chill casting, e.g. electromagnetic casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/043—Curved moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for continuously casting a slab, and more particularly, to a method for continuously casting a slab using a curved or vertical bending type continuous casting machine.
- molten steel is poured from the ladle into the tundish, and further molten steel is poured from the tundish into the mold.
- a solidified shell is formed on the outer periphery of the molten steel, and the slab in this state (the solidified shell and the molten steel inside) is drawn out below the mold. Thereafter, the slab is solidified to the inside by secondary cooling in a spray band.
- the slab obtained in this way is cut into an appropriate size, and in some cases, after being brought to an appropriate temperature by reheating the block, it is subjected to block rolling.
- the cooling method of slab is devised.
- the slab after cutting is cooled (tertiary cooling) using a bloom cooler which is a cooling device outside the continuous casting machine.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method in which a continuously cast slab is cut to a predetermined length and then cooled from a temperature range just above the Ar 3 point using a bloom cooler.
- Patent Document 2 describes that when a slab having a temperature just above the Ar 3 point is cooled using a bloom cooler, the moving speed of the slab is set to 3 to 10 m / min. In patent document 2, it is supposed that the lower surface of a slab can be cooled uniformly by this.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 are intended to have a structure in which ⁇ grains are refined in the surface layer of a slab at the time of performing reheating of a lump.
- Patent Document 3 it is said that a slab having no cracks on the surface can be obtained by rapidly cooling the slab during secondary cooling to improve the structure of the slab surface layer to a structure having high hot ductility. ing.
- the corner of the slab shrinks in two directions of the slab in the width direction (long side direction) and the thickness direction (short side direction) during cooling. Therefore, in the method of Patent Document 3, when quenching is performed only to modify the structure of the long side surface of the slab, cracks at the corners tend to increase.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a continuous casting method capable of producing a slab in which surface cracks are unlikely to occur in a process from secondary cooling to block rolling.
- the inventors refer to cooling for modifying the structure of the slab during secondary cooling, which refers to the corners of the slab (in the present invention, regions within 20 mm from the apex and ridge of the slab. The same applies hereinafter. .) Only for the structural modification (first water cooling step) and the cooling for the structural modification of the portion other than the corners of the slab (second water cooling step).
- the present invention is a method for continuously casting a slab using a curved or vertical bending type continuous casting machine, in a secondary cooling zone in which the slab drawn from the mold is cooled from directly below the mold.
- the process includes a first water cooling step, a first heat recovery step performed after the first water cooling step, a second water cooling step performed after the first heat recovery step, and a second water cooling step performed after the second water cooling step. 2 recuperation process is included, In the first water-cooling step, by supplying cooling water to the wide surface of the slab whose surface temperature is 1000 ° C.
- the first recuperation step is a step of reheating the slab so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners is Ar 3 or higher
- cooling water is supplied to the wide surface of the slab having a surface temperature of Ar 3 points to 900 ° C., so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners is less than the Ar 3 point.
- the slab is kept so that the surface temperature of the slab other than the corner is at or above the Ar 3 point while keeping the surface temperature of the corner at a temperature lower than the Ar 3 point. It is a process to reheat The gist of the continuous casting method for slabs.
- the “slab” in the present invention is a large-section slab having a thickness of 200 mm or more.
- the slab in the present invention includes so-called “slab (slab slab)” and “bloom (bloom cast). Piece) ". Further, “1000 ° C. or higher” which is the surface temperature of the slab when cooling by the first water cooling process is started, and “Ar 3 ” which is the surface temperature of the slab when cooling by the second water cooling process is started. “Point to 900 ° C.” is the temperature at the center of the slab in the width direction at a depth of 10 mm from the surface.
- the “surface temperature” of the corner of the slab and other parts other than the corner which is controlled to be less than the Ar 3 point or higher than the Ar 3 point by cooling or recuperation, is also determined from the surface of the slab. This is the temperature at a site where the depth of 10 mm is 10 mm. These surface temperatures can be obtained, for example, by calculation by solidification heat transfer analysis.
- the “wide surface” means a long side (side in the width direction of the slab) and a short side (cast side) that define a cross section obtained by cutting the slab in a plane whose normal direction is the longitudinal direction of the slab. The side that does not include the short side among the sides in the thickness direction of the piece. In other words, the wide surface means the upper surface and the lower surface of the slab.
- the “first water cooling step” and the “second water cooling step” are performed from the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the slab to the entire wide surface of the slab when the slab is a slab slab.
- the slab is a bloom slab
- the cooling water is supplied toward a portion other than the corner of the wide surface of the slab, so that the width of the slab including the corner of the slab is wide. This is a process of cooling the entire surface with water.
- the corner portion cooled to a temperature lower than the Ar 3 point in the first water-cooling step is used for the first recuperation step using the sensible heat and latent heat of the unsolidified molten steel existing in the slab to obtain the Ar 3 point or higher.
- the surface layer of only the corner of the slab (the area with a thickness of 5 to 10 mm from the outermost surface of the slab; the same applies hereinafter) has a structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary is unclear. Can be formed.
- This structure is a mixed structure of ferrite and pearlite.
- the slab when the slab is cooled from the high temperature side to the lower temperature side than the Ar 3 point, it is a solidified structure in which ferrite is formed in a granular form at the ⁇ grain boundary, and this structure has high temperature ductility.
- the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner portion of the slab in the first water cooling step and the first recuperation step is a temperature of Ar 3 points or more.
- the second recuperation process the portion other than the corner portion is cooled to a temperature of Ar less than 3 points in the second water cooling step, utilizing the sensible heat and latent heat of the unsolidified molten steel present in the interior of the slab.
- a structure with an unclear ⁇ grain boundary is formed on the surface layer of the portion other than the corner of the slab, similar to the structure formed at the corner of the slab. can do.
- the corner portion of the slab in which the structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary is unclear is formed by the first water cooling step and the first recuperation step is cooled in the second water cooling step and then reheated in the second recuperation step.
- the temperature rises, but the temperature remains below the Ar 3 point.
- the structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary is unclear does not reach the temperature of the Ar 3 point or higher and is further cooled two-dimensionally, so that the reverse transformation structure ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (ferrite) + P (pearlite) A transformed microstructure refined by recrystallization of the structure is not formed. Therefore, the structure is maintained even after the second water cooling step and the second recuperation step.
- a slab in which the corners of the slab and the surface layer of parts other than the corners are structurally modified can be manufactured through the above four steps.
- By modifying the structure of all the surface layers of the slab it becomes possible to prevent surface cracks in the process from secondary cooling to block rolling.
- the density of the cooling water supplied to the slab in the first water cooling step is 170 to 290 L / min / m 2 , and the cooling water is supplied to the slab in the first water cooling step. It is preferable that the time for the treatment is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes.
- the density of the amount of cooling water supplied to the slab in the second water cooling step is 170 to 290 L / min / m 2 and the cooling water is supplied to the slab in the second water cooling step. It is preferable that the time for the treatment is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes.
- the “water volume density of cooling water” refers to the water volume density of cooling water supplied to the upper and lower surfaces of the slab, and is the amount of water supplied per unit time per unit surface area of the slab. is there.
- the “time for supplying cooling water” refers to the time for supplying cooling water to each of the upper and lower surfaces of the slab (cooling time).
- the portion to be water-cooled by the second water-cooling step is on the downstream side of the slab moving direction as compared to the portion to be water-cooled by the first water-cooling step.
- the temperature is low. For this reason, in the 2nd water cooling process, even if it reduces the quantity of the cooling water to be used compared with the 1st water cooling process, parts other than the corner of a slab can be cooled to the temperature below Ar 3 points. Is possible.
- the time for which a slab is reheated at a 1st recuperation process is 2 minutes or more.
- the time for which a slab is reheated at a 2nd recuperation process is 2 minutes or more.
- the slab In the first recuperation step, for example, by setting the time for reheating the slab to 2 minutes or more, the slab is heated to a temperature of 3 or more points of Ar over substantially the entire width direction of the slab surface. It becomes easy to reheat the surface layer.
- the second recuperation step for example, by setting the time for reheating the slab to 2 minutes or longer, the surface layer of the portion other than the corner of the slab can be easily reheated to a temperature of Ar 3 or higher. Become. After cooling to a temperature of Ar less than 3 points, by recuperation to Ar 3 point or higher, it is possible to ⁇ grain boundaries to form ambiguous tissue, by adopting such a configuration, It becomes easy to prevent surface cracks in the process from secondary cooling to partial rolling.
- FIG. 1 is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between elapsed time and the surface of a slab, and the temperature of an inside about the water-cooled slab.
- the surface temperature is a temperature measured with a thermocouple installed on the surface of the cast slab
- the internal temperature is a temperature measured with a thermocouple installed at a depth of 22 mm from the surface of the cast slab.
- the Ar 3 point was 1123K.
- the surface temperature of the slab between the time when water cooling is stopped (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line T0) and after the elapse of 2 minutes (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line T2) and after the passage of 3 minutes (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line T3) It can be seen that reheated to 3 or more points of Ar.
- the recuperation time is preferably 2 to 3 minutes, for example.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between elapsed time, the surface of a slab, and the internal temperature about the water-cooled slab. It is a figure explaining the continuous casting method of the slab of this invention. It is a figure which shows the area
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the cross section of the center part of the slab which implemented the continuous casting method of the comparative example 6.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the cross section of the corner
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between elapsed time, the surface of a slab, and the internal temperature about the water
- cooling mode and the recuperation mode are specifically specified in the secondary cooling zone that cools the slab drawn below the mold.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the continuous casting method of a slab according to the present invention.
- the present invention includes a first water cooling step (S1), a first recuperation step (S2), a second water cooling step (S3), a second recuperation step (S4), have.
- S1 to S4 are steps included in the secondary cooling zone.
- First water cooling step (S1)> In the first water cooling step (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “S1”), by supplying cooling water to the wide surface of the slab whose surface temperature is 1000 ° C. or higher, only the corners of the slab surface temperature is less than 3 points Ar, and, as the surface temperature of a portion of the slab except corner remains more than 3 points Ar, a step of cooling the cast slab.
- the structure modification of the corner of the slab and the modification of the structure other than the corner of the slab are separately performed, and the structure modification of the corner of the slab is performed. Later, the structure of the portion other than the corner of the slab is modified.
- S1 is a process for performing cooling necessary for modifying the structure of only the corners of the slab.
- S1 is a process of cooling necessary to modify the structure of the corners of the slab, only the corners of the slab are cooled in S1 to a temperature lower than the Ar 3 point.
- the surface temperature of the part other than the corners is kept at a temperature not lower than the Ar 3 point. That is, in S1, the cooling water is cast so that the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner of the slab stays at or above the Ar 3 point and the surface temperature of the corner of the slab becomes less than the Ar 3 point.
- the slab is cooled by supplying it to the piece.
- the portion other than the corner of the slab has only one surface, whereas the corner of the slab has two or more surfaces. Therefore, the corner portion of the slab is more easily cooled than the portion other than the corner portion of the slab, and is difficult to recover. Since the corner of the slab is easier to cool than the part other than the corner of the slab, the surface temperature of only the corner of the slab is reduced by cooling the slab with a smaller amount of cooling water than in the past. It becomes Ar less than 3 points, and can be surface temperature of a portion of the slab except corners to remain above 3 points Ar, cooling the cast strip.
- S1 is a slab such that only the corner of the slab has a surface temperature of less than Ar 3 and the surface temperature of the slab other than the corner remains at or above the Ar 3 point. If it can cool, the form will not be specifically limited. Such cooling can be easily performed by, for example, supplying cooling water having a water density of 170 to 290 L / min / m 2 toward the slab over 0.95 to 4.0 minutes. Can be done. Therefore, the amount density of the cooling water supplied to the slab in S1 is 170 to 290 L / min / m 2 , and the time for supplying the cooling water to the slab in S1 is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes. It is preferable that
- the first recuperation step (hereinafter may be referred to as “S2”) is a step performed subsequent to S1 and performs recuperation necessary for restructuring only the corners of the slab. It is a process to be performed. More specifically, S2 is a step of reheating the slab so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners becomes Ar 3 or higher. As described above, at S1, the corners of the slab are cooled so that the surface temperature is less than the Ar 3 point. Therefore, by reheating the slab in S2 so that the entire surface temperature including the corner of the slab becomes Ar 3 point or higher, the ⁇ grain boundary is unclear in the surface layer of the corner of the slab. Can be formed. This structure has high temperature ductility.
- the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner of the slab also becomes Ar 3 or higher.
- the part other than the corner of the slab has a surface temperature of Ar 3 or higher even in S1. Therefore, even if S2 is performed, a structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary is unclear is not formed in a portion other than the corner portion of the slab.
- the form of S2 is not particularly limited as long as the slab can be reheated so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners becomes Ar 3 or higher.
- Such recuperation can be easily performed, for example, by setting the time for reheating the slab to at least 2 minutes, preferably 2 to 3 minutes. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the surface temperature of the slab was reheated to 3 or more points between the time when 2 minutes passed and the time when 3 minutes passed after the water cooling was stopped. Confirms that the slab can be reheated to a temperature of Ar 3 or higher by reheating the slab for 2 minutes or longer.
- the second water cooling step (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “S3”) is performed by supplying cooling water to the wide surface of the slab having a surface temperature of Ar 3 to 900 ° C. This is a step of cooling the slab so that the entire surface temperature of the piece is less than the Ar 3 point.
- S3 is a step of performing cooling necessary for modifying the structure of the portion other than the corner of the slab.
- it is necessary to once cool the part to be subjected to the structure modification to a temperature lower than the Ar 3 point.
- the slab is cooled so that the surface temperature of the part other than the part is less than Ar 3 points.
- the surface temperature of the corner of the slab is the surface of the portion other than the corner of the slab. It becomes lower than the temperature.
- S3 can be expressed as a step of cooling the slab so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners is less than the Ar 3 point.
- the form of S3 is not particularly limited as long as the slab can be cooled so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners is less than the Ar 3 point.
- Such cooling can be easily performed by, for example, supplying cooling water having a water density of 170 to 290 L / min / m 2 toward the slab over 0.95 to 4.0 minutes. Can be done. Therefore, the amount density of the cooling water supplied to the slab in S3 is 170 to 290 L / min / m 2 , and the time for supplying the cooling water to the slab in S3 is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes. It is preferable that In addition, the surface temperature of the slab cooled by S3 is lower than the surface temperature of the slab cooled by S1. For this reason, even if the cooling water volume density and the cooling water supply time are the same as those in S1, the portions other than the corners of the slab and the corners of the slab can be cooled to a temperature lower than S1. .
- the second recuperation step (hereinafter may be referred to as “S4”) is a step performed subsequent to S3, and is necessary for restructuring the structure other than the corners of the slab. This is a process of heating. S4 is specifically, while retaining the surface temperature of the corner portion to a temperature of Ar less than 3 points, so that the surface temperature of a portion of the slab except corners is three or more Ar, recuperated the slab It is a process to make. As described above, in S3, the portion other than the corner portion (and the corner portion) of the slab is cooled so that the surface temperature is less than the Ar 3 point.
- the ⁇ grain boundary is not formed on the surface layer of the part other than the corner part of the slab.
- a clear tissue can be formed.
- This structure has high temperature ductility.
- angular part of a slab is modified
- the surface temperature of the corner of the slab is kept below Ar 3 points. This is because the structure modification of the corner portion of the slab has been completed in S1 and S2, and therefore the surface temperature of the corner portion does not need to be 3 or more points in S4. Since the surface temperature of the corner of the slab after cooling in S3 is lower than the surface temperature of the corner of the slab after cooling in S1, and the corner of the slab is difficult to reheat, in S4 The surface temperature of the corner can be easily kept below Ar 3 points.
- recuperator the slab S4 while retaining the surface temperature of the corner portion to a temperature of Ar less than 3 points, so that the surface temperature of a portion other than the corner portion becomes equal to or higher than 3 points Ar, if it is possible to recuperator the slab
- the form is not particularly limited. Such recuperation can be easily performed, for example, by setting the time for reheating the slab to at least 2 minutes, preferably 2 to 3 minutes.
- the corners of the slab and other parts can be modified separately, and cracking of the entire surface layer of the slab including the corners can be prevented.
- a structure with high hot ductility is formed in almost the entire surface of the slab.
- recuperation after secondary cooling recuperation after secondary cooling, reheating of the lump, and cracking rolling.
- the surface crack of a slab is suppressed. That is, according to the present invention, the surface crack of the slab can be made difficult to occur in the process from secondary cooling to block rolling.
- a slab cooling test was performed using a caster on an actual production scale, and the relationship between the cooling conditions (water density and cooling time) and the structure of the slab surface layer was investigated.
- water cooling in the first water cooling step, recuperation in the first recuperation step, water cooling in the second water cooling step, and recuperation in the second recuperation step were performed.
- cooling was performed in one continuous cooling process without dividing the cooling into two, and then a recuperation process was performed. In any of the cooling steps, cooling was performed by spraying cooling water onto the long side surface and the short side surface of the slab with a spray nozzle.
- the spray water density in the first water cooling step and the second water cooling step is 170 to 290 L / min / m 2
- the time for supplying the cooling water to the slab in the first water cooling step and the second water cooling step (cooling time) ) was set to 0.95 to 3.7 minutes.
- the size of the slab was 650 mm in width and 300 mm in thickness.
- Table 1 shows the test conditions of the examples and the results of the presence / absence of cracks
- Table 2 shows the test conditions of the comparative examples and the results of the presence / absence of cracks.
- the presence or absence of cracks was determined by cutting out the slab sample, pickling and removing the scale, and then visually observing the presence or absence of cracks. Specifically, when a crack was visually observed, it was judged as “cracked”, and when no crack was visually seen, it was judged as “no crack”.
- “-” means that the process is not performed.
- FIG. 3 shows a region including the observation position of the tissue in the cross section. Observations, corners F corner, and the widthwise central portion of the slab 1 to a region adjacent to the wide surface of the slab 1 (hereinafter, simply referred to as "central portion".) was performed in F center.
- FIG. 4 to 7 show cross-sectional photographs of the slab.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of a corner portion of a slab in which the continuous casting method of Comparative Example 1 was performed.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph of the central part of the cross section taken for the slab after the first water cooling step and the first recuperation step when the continuous casting method of Comparative Example 6 was performed.
- FIG. 6 is a photograph of a cross-sectional corner of a slab subjected to the first water cooling step and the first recuperation step when the continuous casting method of Comparative Example 6 was performed.
- FIG. 7 is a photograph of the central part of the cross section taken for the slab after the second recuperation step when the continuous casting method of Example 1 was performed.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 15 a structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary is not clear cannot be formed on the surface layer of the corner, and as a result, cracks occurred in the corner.
- Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 16 only the corner portion can be cooled in the first water cooling step so that the surface temperature thereof is less than Ar 3 point, and in the first recuperation step thereafter, the corner portion is cooled.
- the slab can be reheated so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including it becomes Ar 3 or higher.
- a structure with an unclear ⁇ grain boundary could be formed on the surface layer of the corner, so that no crack occurred in the corner.
- the slab in the first water cooling step, can be cooled so that only the corner portion has a surface temperature of less than Ar 3 point.
- the slab could be reheated so that the overall surface temperature of the slab including the corners was Ar 3 or higher.
- a structure with an unclear ⁇ grain boundary could be formed on the surface layer of the corner, so that no crack occurred in the corner.
- the slab in Comparative Example 7, the slab could not be cooled in the second water cooling step so that the surface temperature of the central portion was less than the Ar 3 point.
- the slab in the second water cooling step, can be cooled so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners is lower than the Ar 3 point.
- the slab In the heating step, the slab could be reheated so that the surface temperature at the corner portion was kept at a temperature lower than the Ar 3 point, and the surface temperature at the central portion was higher than the Ar 3 point.
- a structure with an unclear ⁇ grain boundary could be formed on the surface layer of the central part, and no cracks occurred in the central part.
- the slab in Comparative Example 11, the slab could not be cooled in the first water cooling step so that the surface temperature of the corners was less than Ar 3 points.
- Comparative Example 11 a structure with unclear ⁇ grain boundaries could not be formed at the corners, and cracks occurred at the corners.
- the corner was cooled too much in the first water cooling step, so that the slab could be reheated in the first recuperation step so that the surface temperature of the corner became Ar 3 or higher. There wasn't.
- Comparative Example 12 a structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary was unclear could not be formed in the corner portion, and cracks occurred in the corner portion.
- Comparative Example 13 the cast piece could not be cooled in the first water cooling step so that the surface temperature of the corners was less than Ar 3 points.
- Comparative Example 13 a structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary was unclear could not be formed in the corner portion, and cracks occurred in the corner portion.
- Comparative Example 14 since the central portion was overcooled in the first water cooling step, the slab can be reheated in the first recuperation step so that the surface temperature of the corner portion becomes Ar 3 or higher. There wasn't. As a result, in Comparative Example 14, a structure with an unclear ⁇ grain boundary could not be formed at the corner, and cracks occurred at the corner.
- Comparative Examples 17 to 20 in the first water cooling step, the slab was cooled so that the entire surface temperature of the slab including the corners was less than Ar 3 point. However, in Comparative Examples 17 to 20, the corner was cooled too much in the first water cooling step, and therefore the slab was reheated so that the surface temperature of the corner became Ar 3 or higher in the first recuperation step. I could not. As a result, in Comparative Examples 17 to 20, a structure in which the ⁇ grain boundary was unclear could not be formed at the corner, and cracks occurred at the corner.
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Abstract
Description
上記第1水冷工程は、表面温度が1000℃以上である鋳片の広幅面に冷却水を供給することにより、鋳片の頂点および稜から20mm以内の領域である角部のみ、その表面温度がAr3点未満になり、且つ、上記角部以外の鋳片の部位の表面温度がAr3点以上に留まるように、鋳片を冷却する工程であり、
上記第1復熱工程は、上記角部を含む鋳片の全体の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、鋳片を復熱させる工程であり、
上記第2水冷工程は、表面温度がAr3点~900℃である鋳片の広幅面に冷却水を供給することにより、上記角部を含む鋳片の全体の表面温度がAr3点未満になるように、鋳片を冷却する工程であり、
上記第2復熱工程は、上記角部の表面温度をAr3点未満の温度に留めつつ、上記角部以外の鋳片の部位の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、鋳片を復熱させる工程である、
鋳片の連続鋳造方法を要旨とする。
次に、第2水冷工程でAr3点未満の温度へと冷却された角部以外の部位を、鋳片の内部に存在する未凝固の溶鋼の顕熱や潜熱を利用する第2復熱工程でAr3点以上の温度へと復熱させることにより、鋳片の角部以外の部位の表層に、鋳片の角部に形成した組織と同様の、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を形成することができる。一方、第1水冷工程および第1復熱工程によりγ粒界が不明瞭な組織が形成された鋳片の角部は、第2水冷工程で冷却された後、第2復熱工程で復熱されることにより温度が上昇するが、その温度はAr3点未満に留まる。一旦形成された、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織は、Ar3点以上の温度に到達せずさらに二次元的に冷却を受けるため、逆変態組織(γ→α(フェライト)+P(パーライト)に変態させた、組織の再結晶による微細化組織)が形成されない。そのため、第2水冷工程および第2復熱工程を経ても、その組織は維持される。したがって、上記4つの工程を経ることにより、鋳片の角部および角部以外の部位の表層が組織改質された鋳片を製造することができる。鋳片のすべての表層を組織改質することにより、二次冷却から分塊圧延に至る工程で表面割れを防止することが可能になる。
また、上記本発明において、第2水冷工程で鋳片へと供給される冷却水の水量密度が170~290L/分/m2であり、且つ、第2水冷工程で鋳片へ冷却水を供給する時間が0.95~4.0分であることが好ましい。
第1水冷工程や第2水冷工程における水量密度および冷却水を供給する時間を、上記の範囲内にすることにより、従来よりも少量の冷却水による冷却によって、角部および角部以外の部位の表層にγ粒界が不明瞭な組織を形成しやすくなる。これにより、二次冷却帯で用いる冷却水の量を従来よりも少なくしても、二次冷却から分塊圧延に至る工程で表面割れを防止することが可能になる。ここで、鋳片の長手方向に関して、第2水冷工程による水冷の対象とする部分は、第1水冷工程による水冷の対象とする部分に比して、鋳片移動方向の下流側にあるため、温度が低い。このため、第2水冷工程では、第1水冷工程に比して、用いる冷却水の量を少なくしても、鋳片の角部以外の部位をAr3点未満の温度へと冷却することが可能である。
また、上記本発明において、第2復熱工程で鋳片を復熱させる時間が2分以上であることが好ましい。
一方、図1に示したように、復熱時間を3分より長くしても、Ar3点以上に復熱するという効果は飽和する。このため、復熱時間は、たとえば、2~3分とすることが好ましい。
第1水冷工程(以下において、「S1」と称することがある。)は、表面温度が1000℃以上である鋳片の広幅面に冷却水を供給することにより、鋳片の角部のみ、その表面温度がAr3点未満になり、且つ、角部以外の鋳片の部位の表面温度がAr3点以上に留まるように、鋳片を冷却する工程である。
第1復熱工程(以下において、「S2」と称することがある。)は、S1に続いて行われる工程であり、鋳片の角部のみの組織改質を行うために必要な復熱を行う工程である。S2は、具体的には、角部を含む鋳片の全体の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、鋳片を復熱させる工程である。上述のように、S1で、鋳片の角部はその表面温度がAr3点未満になるように冷却されている。そのため、鋳片の角部を含む全体の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、S2で鋳片を復熱させることにより、鋳片の角部の表層にγ粒界が不明瞭な組織を形成することができる。この組織は、高温延性を有する。なお、S2では、鋳片の角部以外の部位の表面温度も、Ar3点以上になる。しかしながら、鋳片の角部以外の部位は、S1においても、表面温度がAr3点以上であった。そのため、S2を行っても、鋳片の角部以外の部位には、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織が形成されない。
第2水冷工程(以下において、「S3」と称することがある。)は、表面温度がAr3点~900℃である鋳片の広幅面に冷却水を供給することにより、角部を含む鋳片の全体の表面温度がAr3点未満になるように、鋳片を冷却する工程である。
第2復熱工程(以下において、「S4」と称することがある。)は、S3に続いて行われる工程であり、鋳片の角部以外の部位の組織改質を行うために必要な復熱を行う工程である。S4は、具体的には、角部の表面温度をAr3点未満の温度に留めつつ、角部以外の鋳片の部位の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、鋳片を復熱させる工程である。上述のように、S3で、鋳片の角部以外の部位(および角部)は、その表面温度がAr3点未満になるように冷却されている。そのため、鋳片の角部以外の部位の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、S4で鋳片を復熱させることにより、鋳片の角部以外の部位の表層にγ粒界が不明瞭な組織を形成することができる。この組織は、高温延性を有する。S1乃至S4を経た鋳片は、鋳片の角部を含む長辺面全面の表層が、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織に改質されている。
なお、S4において、鋳片の角部の表面温度は、Ar3点未満に留める。これは、鋳片の角部の組織改質はS1およびS2で完了しているため、S4で角部の表面温度をAr3点以上にする必要がない等の理由による。S3で冷却された後の鋳片の角部の表面温度はS1で冷却された後の鋳片の角部の表面温度よりも低く、且つ、鋳片の角部は復熱し難いため、S4では、容易に、角部の表面温度をAr3点未満に留めることができる。
より具体的には、比較例1~5および比較例15では、中央部の割れを防止できる冷却条件(実施例よりも水量密度が高い条件)で冷却した。従来技術のように、中央部の割れを防止する冷却条件で冷却すると、角部が過冷却されるため、復熱工程を行っても、角部の表面温度をAr3点以上にすることはできない。そのため、比較例1~5および比較例15では、角部の表層に、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を形成することができず、結果として角部に割れが発生した。
また、比較例6および比較例16では、第1水冷工程で角部のみ、その表面温度がAr3点未満になるように冷却することができ、その後の第1復熱工程で、角部を含む鋳片の全体の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように鋳片を復熱させることができる。その結果、これらの比較例では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を角部の表層に形成することができたので、角部には割れが発生しなかった。しかしながら、比較例6および比較例16では、第2水冷工程および第2復熱工程を行わなかったため、中央部にγ粒界が不明瞭な組織を形成することができず、結果として中央部に割れが発生した。
しかしながら、比較例7では、第2水冷工程で、中央部の表面温度がAr3点未満になるように鋳片を冷却することができなかった。その結果、比較例7では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を中央部に形成することができなかったので、中央部に割れが発生した。
また、比較例8では、第2水冷工程で中央部を冷却し過ぎたため、第2復熱工程で、中央部の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように鋳片を復熱させることができなかった。その結果、比較例8では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を中央部に形成することができなかったので、中央部に割れが発生した。
また、比較例9では、第2水冷工程で、中央部の表面温度がAr3点未満になるように鋳片を冷却することができなかった。その結果、比較例9では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を中央部に形成することができなかったので、中央部に割れが発生した。
また、比較例10では、第2水冷工程で中央部を冷却し過ぎたため、第2復熱工程で、中央部の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように鋳片を復熱させることができなかった。その結果、比較例10では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を中央部に形成することができなかったので、中央部に割れが発生した。
しかしながら、比較例11では、第1水冷工程で、角部の表面温度がAr3点未満になるように鋳片を冷却することができなかった。その結果、比較例11では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を角部に形成することができなかったので、角部に割れが発生した。
また、比較例12では、第1水冷工程で角部を冷却し過ぎたため、第1復熱工程で、角部の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように鋳片を復熱させることができなかった。その結果、比較例12では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を角部に形成することができなかったので、角部に割れが発生した。
また、比較例13では、第1水冷工程で、角部の表面温度がAr3点未満になるように鋳片を冷却することができなかった。その結果、比較例13では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を角部に形成することができなかったので、角部に割れが発生した。
また、比較例14では、第1水冷工程で中央部を冷却し過ぎたため、第1復熱工程で、角部の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように鋳片を復熱させることができなかった。その結果、比較例14では、γ粒界が不明瞭な組織を角部に形成することができなかったので、角部に割れが発生した。
Claims (5)
- 湾曲型または垂直曲げ型の連続鋳造機を用いて鋳片を連続鋳造する方法であって、
鋳型から引き抜いた鋳片に対して前記鋳型の直下から冷却を行う二次冷却帯における工程に、第1水冷工程、該第1水冷工程の後に行われる第1復熱工程、該第1復熱工程の後に行われる第2水冷工程、および、該第2水冷工程の後に行われる第2復熱工程が含まれ、
前記第1水冷工程は、表面温度が1000℃以上である鋳片の広幅面に冷却水を供給することにより、前記鋳片の頂点および稜から20mm以内の領域である角部のみ、その表面温度がAr3点未満になり、且つ、前記角部以外の前記鋳片の部位の表面温度がAr3点以上に留まるように、前記鋳片を冷却する工程であり、
前記第1復熱工程は、前記角部を含む前記鋳片の全体の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、前記鋳片を復熱させる工程であり、
前記第2水冷工程は、表面温度がAr3点~900℃である鋳片の広幅面に冷却水を供給することにより、前記角部を含む前記鋳片の全体の表面温度がAr3点未満になるように、前記鋳片を冷却する工程であり、
前記第2復熱工程は、前記角部の表面温度をAr3点未満の温度に留めつつ、前記角部以外の前記鋳片の部位の表面温度がAr3点以上になるように、前記鋳片を復熱させる工程である、鋳片の連続鋳造方法。 - 前記第1水冷工程で前記鋳片へと供給される冷却水の水量密度が170~290L/分/m2であり、且つ、前記第1水冷工程で前記鋳片へ前記冷却水を供給する時間が0.95~4.0分である、請求項1に記載の鋳片の連続鋳造方法。
- 前記第2水冷工程で前記鋳片へと供給される冷却水の水量密度が170~290L/分/m2であり、且つ、前記第2水冷工程で前記鋳片へ前記冷却水を供給する時間が0.95~4.0分である、請求項1又は2に記載の鋳片の連続鋳造方法。
- 前記第1復熱工程で前記鋳片を復熱させる時間が2分以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の鋳片の連続鋳造方法。
- 前記第2復熱工程で前記鋳片を復熱させる時間が2分以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の鋳片の連続鋳造方法。
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KR20170093950A (ko) | 2017-08-16 |
EP3246112B1 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
JPWO2016114208A1 (ja) | 2017-10-12 |
EP3246112A4 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
US10118218B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 |
CN107206474B (zh) | 2019-07-09 |
US20180015533A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
KR101948457B1 (ko) | 2019-02-14 |
CA2973071A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
BR112017014026A2 (ja) | 2018-01-02 |
EP3246112A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
TW201636129A (zh) | 2016-10-16 |
CA2973071C (en) | 2018-11-20 |
BR112017014026B1 (pt) | 2021-02-02 |
CN107206474A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
JP6369571B2 (ja) | 2018-08-08 |
TWI586459B (zh) | 2017-06-11 |
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