WO2016095872A1 - 一种弧形板式换热器 - Google Patents

一种弧形板式换热器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016095872A1
WO2016095872A1 PCT/CN2016/072298 CN2016072298W WO2016095872A1 WO 2016095872 A1 WO2016095872 A1 WO 2016095872A1 CN 2016072298 W CN2016072298 W CN 2016072298W WO 2016095872 A1 WO2016095872 A1 WO 2016095872A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
curved
fluid
fluid flow
flow path
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/072298
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵松
吕凤
唐聚园
邵国辉
Original Assignee
洛阳瑞昌石油化工设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 洛阳瑞昌石油化工设备有限公司 filed Critical 洛阳瑞昌石油化工设备有限公司
Priority to US15/535,800 priority Critical patent/US10119765B2/en
Priority to EP16729173.1A priority patent/EP3467420A4/en
Priority to JP2017533353A priority patent/JP6349465B2/ja
Publication of WO2016095872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016095872A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • F28D9/0018—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form without any annular circulation of the heat exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/224—Longitudinal partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
    • F28F2225/04—Reinforcing means for conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2230/00—Sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00—Spacing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/0075—Supports for plates or plate assemblies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, in particular to a curved plate heat exchanger with compact structure, small pressure drop and high heat transfer efficiency.
  • a heat exchanger is a device that exchanges heat between two fluids, all based on three heat transfer modes of conduction, radiation, and convection, or a combination of some of them to transfer heat.
  • the plate heat exchanger is an efficient and compact heat exchange device with high heat transfer coefficient, compact structure, and many other advantages, and with the improvement of structure and the improvement of large-scale manufacturing technology, the application of plate heat exchanger It has received increasing attention from people.
  • the existing plate heat exchangers mainly include two kinds of spiral plate heat exchangers and plate heat exchangers.
  • the spiral plate heat exchanger is mainly insufficient: the limitation of the cross-sectional area of the channel by its single flow channel makes such heat exchangers only be used in applications where the flow rate is not large, such as gas-gas heat exchange conditions.
  • the main disadvantage of the plate heat exchanger is that the pressure bearing capacity is low and the pressure drop is large, which is not suitable for the heat exchange requirement of large processing conditions.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a curved plate heat exchanger with the advantages of compact structure, small pressure drop, high heat transfer efficiency and wide application range in order to solve the above problems.
  • a curved plate heat exchanger comprising a cylindrical casing and a heat exchanger plate assembly disposed in the casing, and the heat exchange plate assembly is arranged on the casing
  • the inlet and outlet of the fluid passage in the plate assembly, the casing is generally a cylindrical casing, and the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet are respectively disposed at two ends of the casing, and the side wall of the casing is provided with Two fluid inlets and a second fluid outlet.
  • the heat exchanger plate assembly comprises two sets of curved heat exchange plates symmetrically disposed on two sides of the casing axis, wherein the arc heat exchanger plates have an arc of less than 180°, and each set of curved heat exchange plates is provided by the center of the casing a plurality of arc-shaped heat exchange plates whose inner and outer diameters are sequentially increased to form a spaced first fluid flow path and a second fluid flow path;
  • the first fluid flow path is closed with two end faces parallel to the axis of the housing, and the two end faces of the first fluid flow path perpendicular to the axis of the housing are respectively provided with flow channel openings to form a straight flow path along the axial direction of the housing.
  • the hot fluid enters the linear flow path from the first fluid inlet of the housing, then flows in the axial direction of the housing and flows out of the first fluid outlet.
  • the second fluid flow path is closed with two end faces perpendicular to the axis of the housing, and the two end faces of the second fluid flow path parallel to the axis of the housing are respectively provided with flow channel openings to form curved flow paths along the circumferential direction, which are cold.
  • a fluid hot fluid enters the arcuate flow path from the second fluid inlet of the housing and then flows along the curved flow path and out of the second fluid outlet.
  • the area between the two sets of curved heat exchange plates is separated by a spacer into an inlet collection chamber and an outlet collection chamber respectively communicating with corresponding inlets and outlets on the housing, and inlets of the plurality of second fluid flow paths of the heat exchanger plate assembly
  • the ends are concentrated to the inlet collection chamber, and the outlet ends thereof are gathered to the outlet collection chamber.
  • the second fluid enters the inlet collection chamber from the inlet of the housing, and then enters the respective second fluid passages through the inlet collection chamber, and flows out through the respective second fluid passages.
  • the fluid collects at the outlet collection chamber and exits the outlet of the housing.
  • the inlet and outlet collection chambers are closed at both ends in a direction parallel to the axis of the housing by an end baffle to prevent the first fluid from entering the inlet and outlet collection chambers.
  • the casing and the two curved heat exchange plates located at the outermost layer have side baffles disposed along the axial direction of the casing, and two sides
  • the baffle separates the area between the housing and the heat exchanger plate assembly into two chambers that communicate with the inlet and outlet collection chambers, respectively.
  • the heat exchanger plate assembly further comprises two reinforcing rings, and the two reinforcing rings are respectively sleeved at two ends of the outermost curved heat exchange plate, and the reinforcing ring
  • the welding is fixedly welded to the curved heat exchange plate and the end baffle, and the reinforcing ring can effectively connect the first fluid flow path and the second fluid flow path of the heat exchanger plate assembly.
  • a curved plate heat exchanger the reinforcing ring and the inner wall of the casing
  • the arc connecting plates are connected by arc-shaped connecting plates, and the arc-shaped connecting plates are respectively fixed and welded with the inner wall of the casing and the reinforcing ring, which can effectively alleviate the temperature difference stress.
  • the spacer is a partition plate, and the partition plate is disposed in an axial direction of the casing between the two sets of arc heat exchanger plates, and the partition plate They are respectively sealedly connected to the two arc-shaped heat exchange plates located at the innermost layer.
  • the spacer is a central pipe, and the two ends of the central pipe are respectively connected with the inlet and outlet of the casing corresponding to the straight flow passage, and the central pipe is connected
  • a butterfly valve is provided.
  • the center tube opens the center tube through the butterfly valve when the temperature on the outlet side needs to be increased, so that part of the fluid is directly mixed from the center tube into the fluid on the outlet side, thereby increasing the temperature, and the temperature can be adjusted by the opening degree of the butterfly valve.
  • the spacer is a spiral plate heat exchanger
  • the spiral plate heat exchanger has an axial flow path and a spiral flow path, and an axial flow path of the inlet and outlet They are respectively connected with the inlet and outlet of the linear flow passage in the casing, and the inlet and outlet of the spiral flow passage are respectively connected with the inlet and outlet of the curved flow passage in the casing.
  • the two end faces of the first fluid flow path parallel to the axis of the housing are sealed by a side seal or by any arc heat exchanger forming a fluid flow path Folded edge seal.
  • two end faces of the second fluid flow path perpendicular to the axis of the housing are sealed by an end seal or by any arc heat exchange forming a fluid flow path
  • the flange of the plate is sealed.
  • a support member is disposed in the first fluid flow path and the second fluid flow path, and the support member is configured to hold the first fluid flow path and the second fluid flow path The spacing and can increase the pressure capacity of the entire device.
  • the support member is a metal column or strip, and a metal column is preferably used, and the metal column is fixedly disposed inside the fluid flow path.
  • the support member is a projection formed on the surface of any of the curved heat exchange plates forming the fluid flow path.
  • a "dimple"-like projection formed by stamping of the sheet is preferred.
  • the spacing in the plurality of second fluid flow paths formed in the heat exchanger plate assembly is sequentially increased from the inside to the outside.
  • the spacing of the plurality of second fluid flow passages of the heat exchanger plate assembly is kept uniform, and the support members in the flow passage are arranged to have a density decreasing from the inside to the outside.
  • the spacing of the plurality of second fluid flow channels of the heat exchanger plate assembly is sequentially increased from the inside to the outside, and the support members in the flow channel are arranged in a decreasing density from the inside to the outside.
  • the heat exchanger plate assembly is further provided with a baffle plate disposed at the inlet collection chamber and the outlet collection chamber, and connecting the ports of the adjacent two second fluid flow channels, thereby making the plurality of second fluids
  • the flow paths form a series connection structure. In this way, a second fluid flow path having a shorter flow close to the inside can be connected in series to form a longer flow path.
  • the cold fluid enters the heat exchanger from the first fluid inlet of the casing, and flows through the linear flow passage of the curved heat exchanger plate from the first fluid outlet, and the hot fluid (or The cold fluid enters the heat exchanger from the second fluid inlet on the side wall of the casing, and flows through the arcuate flow passage of the curved heat exchanger plate from the second fluid outlet, thereby completing heat exchange of the cold and hot fluids.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention adopts a curved heat exchange plate, and has a compact structure, and the heat exchange area per unit volume is 1.6-2 times that of the tube bundle heat exchanger, and the pressure is higher than that of the flat heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger of the present invention adopts a curved heat exchanger plate, and under the action of the centrifugal heat transfer plate on the centrifugal force of the fluid and the spoiler of the support column, the heat transfer coefficient is the shell-and-tube type under the same flow rate condition.
  • the heat exchanger is 1.5 to 1.8 times.
  • the pressure drop of the heat exchanger of the invention is small, and the flow resistance of the small fluid is small, which can reduce the power consumption of the pump or the fan, is suitable for the application of large flow conditions, and has low operation cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a heat exchanger of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger plate assembly of the heat exchanger of the present invention disposed in a casing;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger plate assembly (having a separator) of the heat exchanger of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger plate assembly (having a center tube) of the heat exchanger of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heat exchanger plate assembly (having a spiral plate heat exchanger) of the heat exchanger of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger plate assembly (having a center tube and a baffle plate) of the heat exchanger of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fluid passage of the heat exchanger of the present invention (the support member is a metal strip);
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fluid passage of the heat exchanger of the present invention (the support member is surface convex);
  • a curved plate heat exchanger includes a cylindrical casing 1 and a casing 1 disposed therein.
  • a heat exchange plate assembly the casing 1 is provided with an inlet and outlet that communicates with a fluid passage in the heat exchanger plate assembly, and the casing 1 is generally a cylindrical casing 1, and the two ends of the casing 1 are respectively provided with a first length
  • the fluid inlet 101 and the first fluid outlet 102 are provided with a second fluid inlet 103 and a second fluid outlet 104 on the side wall of the housing 1.
  • the heat exchange plate assembly comprises two sets of curved heat exchange plates 2 symmetrically disposed on two sides of the axis of the casing 1.
  • the curved heat exchange plates 2 have an arc of less than 180°, and each set of curved heat exchange plates 2 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped heat exchange plates 2 whose centers are sequentially increased from the inner and outer diameters form a spaced first fluid flow path 201 and a second fluid flow path 202;
  • the first fluid flow path 201 is closed with two end faces parallel to the axis of the housing 1.
  • the first fluid flow path 201 and the two end faces perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1 are respectively provided with flow channel openings. Forming a linear flow path along the axial direction of the housing 1 from which the hot fluid (cold fluid) enters the linear flow path from the first fluid inlet of the housing 1, and then flows along the axial direction of the housing 1 and exits from the first fluid Flow out.
  • the second fluid flow path 202 is closed with two end faces perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1.
  • the two end faces of the second fluid flow path 202 parallel to the axis of the housing 1 are respectively provided with flow passage openings to form an arc in the circumferential direction.
  • the flow path, cold fluid (hot fluid) enters the curved flow path from the second fluid inlet of the housing 1, and then flows along the curved flow path and out of the second fluid outlet.
  • the area between the two sets of curved heat exchange plates 2 is separated by a spacer into an inlet collection chamber 204 and an outlet collection chamber 205 which respectively communicate with corresponding inlets and outlets on the housing 1, and heat exchange.
  • the inlet ends of the plurality of second fluid flow channels 202 of the plate assembly converge to the inlet collection chamber 204, the outlet ends of which converge to the outlet collection chamber 205, and the second fluid enters the inlet collection chamber 204 from the inlet of the housing 1 and is then imported.
  • the collection chambers 204 respectively enter the respective second fluid passages, and the fluid flowing out through the respective second fluid passages collects at the outlet collection chamber 205 and flows out from the outlet of the housing 1.
  • the ends of the inlet collection chamber 204 and the outlet collection chamber 205 are closed by an end stop 206 to prevent the first fluid from entering the inlet collection chamber 204 and the outlet collection chamber 205.
  • the casing 1 has an edge along the two curved heat exchange plates 2 located at the outermost layer.
  • the side wall 203 of the housing 1 is disposed axially, and the two side dams 203 separate the area between the housing 1 and the heat exchanger plate assembly into two chambers respectively communicating to the inlet collection chamber 204 and the outlet collection chamber 205. .
  • the heat exchanger plate assembly further includes two reinforcing rings 9 , and two reinforcing rings 9 are respectively sleeved at two ends of the outermost curved heat exchange plate 2 , and the reinforcing ring 9 and the arc heat exchange
  • the plate 2 and the end baffle are fixedly welded, and the reinforcing ring 9 can operatively connect the first fluid flow path 201 and the second fluid flow path 202 of the heat exchange plate assembly.
  • An arc-shaped connecting plate 10 is disposed between the reinforcing ring 9 and the inner wall of the casing 1.
  • the arc-shaped connecting plate 10 is an annular metal plate and is fixedly welded to the inner wall of the casing 1 and the reinforcing ring 9, respectively, which can effectively alleviate the temperature difference stress.
  • the spacer is a spacer 11 which is axially disposed in a region between the two sets of curved heat exchanger plates 2 along the axial direction of the housing 1, and the spacers 11 are respectively located at the most The two curved heat exchange plates 2 of the inner layer are sealingly connected.
  • the spacer is a central tube 3, and two ends of the central tube 3 are respectively connected with the inlet and outlet of the housing 1 corresponding to the straight flow passage, and the outlet end of the central tube 3 is provided with a butterfly valve. 4.
  • the center tube 3 serves as an adjusting means for opening the center tube 3 through the butterfly valve 4 when the temperature of the outlet side needs to be increased, so that part of the fluid is directly mixed from the center tube 3 into the fluid of the outlet side, thereby increasing the temperature and passing the opening degree of the butterfly valve 4. Temperature adjustment is possible.
  • the spacer is a spiral plate heat exchanger 12, and the spiral plate heat exchanger 12 has an axial flow path and a spiral flow path, and the inlet and outlet of the axial flow path are respectively aligned with the inside of the housing 1.
  • the inlet and outlet of the flow passage are connected, and the inlet and outlet of the spiral flow passage are respectively connected with the inlet and outlet of the curved flow passage in the casing 1.
  • the two end faces of the first fluid flow path 201 parallel to the axis of the housing 1 are sealed by the side seals 6 or by the flanges of any of the curved heat exchange plates 2 forming the fluid flow path.
  • the two end faces of the second fluid flow path 202 perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1 are sealed by the end seals 7 or by the flanges of any of the curved heat exchange plates 2 forming the fluid flow path.
  • the first fluid flow path 201 and the second fluid flow path 202 are dispersedly disposed.
  • the support member 5 is a metal column, and the metal column is fixedly disposed inside the fluid flow path.
  • the support member 5 is a protrusion formed on the surface of any of the curved heat exchange plates 2 forming a fluid flow path.
  • the support members 5 in the plurality of second fluid flow paths 202 of the heat exchange plate member are arranged to have uniform density, and the pitch of the flow paths gradually increases from the inside to the outside.
  • the spacing of the plurality of second fluid flow channels 202 of the heat exchanger plate assembly remains the same, and the support members 5 in the flow channels are arranged to have a decreasing density from the inside to the outside.
  • the plurality of second fluid flow channels 202 of the heat exchanger plate assembly gradually increase from the inside to the outside, and the support members 5 in the flow channels are arranged to have a density gradually decreasing from the inside to the outside.
  • the heat exchanger plate assembly is further provided with a baffle 8 disposed in the inlet collection chamber 204 and the outlet collection chamber 205 to connect the second fluid flow passages 202 having a short flow near the inside to form a Longer flow path.
  • the cold fluid enters the heat exchanger from the first fluid inlet of the casing 1 and flows through the linear flow passage of the curved heat exchanger plate 2 from the first fluid outlet, and the hot fluid (or cold fluid) entering the heat exchanger from the second fluid inlet on the side wall of the casing 1 and flowing through the arcuate flow passage of the curved heat exchanger plate 2 from the second fluid outlet, thereby completing the cold and hot fluid Heat exchange.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

一种弧形板式换热器，包括筒形壳体（1）和换热板组件，换热板组件包括对称设置在壳体（1）轴线两侧的两组弧形换热板（2），每组弧形换热板（2）均由自壳体（1）中心由内向外直径依次增大的多个弧形换热板（2）形成间隔的第一流体流道（201）和第二流体流道（202）；在进行换热时，冷流体（或热流体）由壳体的第一流体进口（101）进入换热器，并流过弧形换热板（2）的直线流道从第一流体出口（102）流出，而热流体（或冷流体）从壳体（1）侧壁上的第二流体进口（103）进入换热器，并流过弧形换热板（2）的弧形流道从第二流体出口（104）流出，从而完成冷、热流体的热量交换。

Description

一种弧形板式换热器 技术领域
本发明涉及换热设备技术领域，具体涉及一种结构紧凑、压降小、传热效率高的弧形板式换热器。
背景技术
换热器是在两种流体间交换热量的设备，都是基于传导、辐射和对流三种热传递方式或其中某些方式的组合来传递热量。其中，板式换热器是一种高效而紧凑的换热设备，具有传热系数高、结构紧凑、等诸多优点，并且随着结构的改进和大型化制造技术的提高，板式换热器的应用日益受到人们的重视。现有板式换热器主要有螺旋板式换热器和板式换热器两种。螺旋板式换热器主要不足为：其单一流道对通道截面积的限制使这类换热器只能用于流量不大的场合，如气-气换热条件下。而板式换热器主要不足为：承压能力低，压降大，不适用于大处理量条件的换热需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为解决上述技术问题的不足，提供一种弧形板式换热器，具有结构紧凑、压降小、传热效率高以及适用范围广等优点。
本发明为解决上述技术问题的不足，所采用的技术方案是：一种弧形板式换热器，包括筒形壳体和设置在壳体内的换热板组件，壳体上设有与换热板组件中的流体通道连通的进出口，壳体一般为圆筒形壳体，壳体长度方向的两端分别设有第一流体进口和第一流体出口，壳体的侧壁上设有第二流体进口和第二流体出口。所述的换热板组件包括对称设置在壳体轴线两侧的两组弧形换热板，弧形换热板的弧度小于180°，每组弧形换热板均由自壳体中心由内向外直径依次增大的多个弧形换热板形成间隔的第一流体流道和第二流体流道；
所述第一流体流道与壳体轴线平行的两个端面封闭设置，第一流体流道与壳体轴线垂直的两个端面分别设有流道口，形成沿壳体轴线方向的直线流道，热流体(冷流体)从壳体的第一流体进口进入直线流道中，然后沿着壳体的轴线方向流动，并从第一流体出口流出。
所述第二流体流道与壳体轴线垂直的两个端面封闭设置，第二流体流道与壳体轴线平行的两个端面分别设有流道口，形成沿圆周方向的弧形流道，冷流体(热流体)从壳体的第二流体进口进入弧形流道中，然后沿着弧形流道流动，并从第二流体出口流出。
所述两组弧形换热板之间的区域由一个隔离件分隔为分别连通壳体上相应进出口的进口汇集腔和出口汇集腔，换热板组件的多个第二流体流道的进口端汇聚至进口汇集腔，其出口端汇聚至出口汇集腔，第二流体从壳体的进口先进入进口汇集腔，然后由进口汇集腔分别进入各个第二流体通道，经各个第二流体通道流出的流体在出口汇集腔聚集并从壳体的出口流出。进口汇集腔和出口汇集腔沿平行于壳体轴线的方向的两端通过端部挡板封闭，防止第一流体进入进口汇集腔和出口汇集腔。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述壳体与位于最外层的两个弧形换热板之间均具有沿壳体轴向设置的侧挡板，两个侧挡板将壳体与换热板组件之间的区域分隔为分别连通至进口汇集腔和出口汇集腔的两个腔室。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述换热板组件还包括两个加强圈，两个加强圈分别套设在最外层弧形换热板的两端，加强圈与弧形换热板和端部挡板固定焊接，加强圈可使换热板组件的第一流体流道和第二流体流道有效连接。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述加强圈与壳体内壁之 间通过弧形连接板连接，弧形连接板为环形金属板，分别与壳体内壁和加强圈固定焊接，可有效缓解温差应力。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述的隔离件为隔离板，隔离板沿壳体轴向穿设在两组弧形换热板之间的区域内，且隔离板分别与位于最内层的两个弧形换热板密封连接。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述的隔离件为中心管，该中心管的两端分别与壳体上对应于直线流道的进出口相连通，且中心管上设置有蝶阀。中心管作为一种调节手段，在需要提高出口侧温度时，通过蝶阀打开中心管，使部分流体直接从中心管通过混入出口侧流体中，从而提高温度，通过蝶阀的开度可以进行温度调节。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述的隔离件为螺旋板式换热器，螺旋板式换热器具有轴向流道和螺旋流道，其轴向流道的进出口分别与壳体内直线流道的进出口相连通，螺旋流道的进出口分别与壳体内弧形流道的进出口相连通。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述第一流体流道与壳体轴线平行的两个端面通过侧密封条密封或者通过形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板的折边密封。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述第二流体流道与壳体轴线垂直的两个端面通过端部密封条密封或者通过形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板的折边密封。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述第一流体流道和第二流体流道内分散设置有支撑件，支撑件用于保持第一流体流道和第二流体流道的间距，并且可以提高整个设备的承压能力。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述的支撑件为金属柱或条，优先选用金属柱，金属柱固定设置在流体流道内部。
作为本发明一种弧形板式换热器的进一步优化：所述的支撑件为形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板表面形成的凸起。优先选用由板冲压而形成的“酒窝”状凸起。
第二流体流道的进口端与出口端之间具有压力差，并且压降随流道长度增加而增大，由于各流道进口侧压力均相等，因此，要使第二流体流道内流体分配均匀就要保证各流道出口侧压力也基本相同，为了达到这一目的，可以采用以下方法：
换热板组件中形成的多个第二流体流道内的间距，从内向外依次递增。
或者换热板组件的多个第二流体流道的间距保持一致，而流道内的支撑件设置密度从内向外依次递减。
或者所述换热板组件的多个第二流体流道的间距从内向外依次递增，且流道内的支撑件设置密度从内向外依次递减。
或者所述换热板组件还设有折流板，折流板设置在进口汇集腔和出口汇集腔，并将相邻的两个第二流体流道的端口连接，从而使多个第二流体流道形成串联连接结构。通过这种方式可以将靠近内部的流程较短的第二流体流道串联在一起，形成一个流程较长的流道。
在进行换热时，冷流体(或热流体)由壳体的第一流体进口进入换热器，并流过弧形换热板的直线流道从第一流体出口流出，而热流体(或冷流体)从壳体侧壁上的第二流体进口进入换热器，并流过弧形换热板的弧形流道从第二流体出口流出，从而完成冷、热流体的热量交换。
有益效果
1、本发明的换热器由于采用弧形换热板，其结构紧凑，单位体积换热面积为管束换热器的1.6-2倍，并且承压较平板式换热器高。
2、本发明的换热器由于采用弧形换热板，在弧形换热板对流体离心力的作用以及支撑柱扰流的作用下，在同样流速的条件下其传热系数为管壳式换热器的1.5～1.8倍。
3、本发明的换热器压降小流体流动阻力小，能够减少泵或风机的动力消耗减少，适合大流量工况应用，操作费用低。
附图说明
图1为本发明换热器的内部结构示意图；
图2为本发明换热器的换热板组件设置在壳体内的结构示意图；
图3为本发明换热器的换热板组件(具有隔离板)的结构示意图；
图4为本发明换热器的换热板组件(具有中心管)的结构示意图；
图5为本发明换热器的换热板组件(具有螺旋板式换热器)的结构示意图；
图6为本发明换热器的换热板组件(具有中心管和折流板)的结构示意图；
图7为本发明换热器的流体通道内(支撑件为金属条)的结构示意图；
图8为本发明换热器的流体通道内(支撑件为表面凸起)的结构示意图；
图中标记：1、壳体，101、第一流体进口，102、第一流体出口，103、第二流体进口，104、第二流体出口，2、弧形换热板，201、第一流体流道，202、第二流体流道，203、侧挡板，204、进口汇集腔，205、出口汇集腔，206、端部挡板，3、中心管，4、蝶阀，5、支撑件，6、侧密封条，7、端部密封条，8、折流板，9、加强圈，10、弧形连接板，11、隔离板，12、螺旋板式换热器。
具体实施方式
如图1-6所示，一种弧形板式换热器，包括筒形壳体1和设置在壳体1内的 换热板组件，壳体1上设有与换热板组件中的流体通道连通的进出口，壳体1一般为圆筒形壳体1，壳体1长度方向的两端分别设有第一流体进口101和第一流体出口102，壳体1的侧壁上设有第二流体进口103和第二流体出口104。所述的换热板组件包括对称设置在壳体1轴线两侧的两组弧形换热板2，弧形换热板2的弧度小于180°，每组弧形换热板2均由自壳体1中心由内向外直径依次增大的多个弧形换热板2形成间隔的第一流体流道201和第二流体流道202；
如图2-6所示，所述第一流体流道201与壳体1轴线平行的两个端面封闭设置，第一流体流道201与壳体1轴线垂直的两个端面分别设有流道口，形成沿壳体1轴线方向的直线流道，热流体(冷流体)从壳体1的第一流体进口进入直线流道中，然后沿着壳体1的轴线方向流动，并从第一流体出口流出。所述第二流体流道202与壳体1轴线垂直的两个端面封闭设置，第二流体流道202与壳体1轴线平行的两个端面分别设有流道口，形成沿圆周方向的弧形流道，冷流体(热流体)从壳体1的第二流体进口进入弧形流道中，然后沿着弧形流道流动，并从第二流体出口流出。
如图2和3所示，所述两组弧形换热板2之间的区域由一个隔离件分隔为分别连通壳体1上相应进出口的进口汇集腔204和出口汇集腔205，换热板组件的多个第二流体流道202的进口端汇聚至进口汇集腔204，其出口端汇聚至出口汇集腔205，第二流体从壳体1的进口先进入进口汇集腔204，然后由进口汇集腔204分别进入各个第二流体通道，经各个第二流体通道流出的流体在出口汇集腔205聚集并从壳体1的出口流出。沿平行于壳体1轴线的方向，进口汇集腔204和出口汇集腔205的两端通过端部挡板206封闭，防止第一流体进入进口汇集腔204和出口汇集腔205。
如图2所示，所述壳体1与位于最外层的两个弧形换热板2之间均具有沿 壳体1轴向设置的侧挡板203，两个侧挡板203将壳体1与换热板组件之间的区域分隔为分别连通至进口汇集腔204和出口汇集腔205的两个腔室。
如图1所示，所述换热板组件还包括两个加强圈9，两个加强圈9分别套设在最外层弧形换热板2的两端，加强圈9与弧形换热板2和端部挡板固定焊接，加强圈9可使换热板组件的第一流体流道201和第二流体流道202有效连接。所述加强圈9与壳体1内壁之间设置有弧形连接板10，弧形连接板10为环形金属板，分别与壳体1内壁和加强圈9固定焊接，可有效缓解温差应力。
如图3所示，所述的隔离件为隔离板11，隔离板11沿壳体1轴向穿设在两组弧形换热板2之间的区域内，且隔离板11分别与位于最内层的两个弧形换热板2密封连接。
如图4所示，所述的隔离件为中心管3，该中心管3的两端分别与壳体1上对应于直线流道的进出口相连通，且中心管3的出口端设置有蝶阀4。中心管3作为一种调节手段，在需要提高出口侧温度时，通过蝶阀4打开中心管3，使部分流体直接从中心管3通过混入出口侧流体中，从而提高温度，通过蝶阀4的开度可以进行温度调节。
如图5所示，所述的隔离件为螺旋板式换热器12，螺旋板式换热器12具有轴向流道和螺旋流道，其轴向流道的进出口分别与壳体1内直线流道的进出口相连通，螺旋流道的进出口分别与壳体1内弧形流道的进出口相连通。
所述第一流体流道201与壳体1轴线平行的两个端面通过侧密封条6密封或者通过形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板2的折边密封。
所述第二流体流道202与壳体1轴线垂直的两个端面通过端部密封条7密封或者通过形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板2的折边密封。
如图7和8所示，所述第一流体流道201和第二流体流道202内分散设置 有支撑件5，支撑件5用于保持流体I流道和流体II流道的间距，并且可以提高整个设备的承压能力。
所述的支撑件5为金属柱，金属柱固定设置在流体流道内部。
所述的支撑件5为形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板2表面形成的凸起。
流体II流道的进口端与出口端之间具有压力差，并且压降随流道长度增加而增大，由于各流道进口侧压力均相等，因此，要使流体II流道内流体分配均匀就要保证各流道出口侧压力也基本相同，为了达到这一目的，可以采用以下方法；
换热板件件的多个第二流体流道202内的支撑件5设置密度保持一致，且流道的间距从内向外逐渐增大。
或者换热板组件的多个第二流体流道202的间距保持一致，且流道内的支撑件5设置密度从内向外逐渐减小。
或者所述换热板组件的多个第二流体流道202从内向外逐渐增大，且流道内的支撑件5设置密度从内向外逐渐减小。
或者所述换热板组件还设有折流板8，折流板8设置在进口汇集腔204和出口汇集腔205将靠近内部的流程较短的第二流体流道202串联在一起，形成一个流程较长的流道。
在进行换热时，冷流体(或热流体)由壳体1的第一流体进口进入换热器，并流过弧形换热板2的直线流道从第一流体出口流出，而热流体(或冷流体)从壳体1侧壁上的第二流体进口进入换热器，并流过弧形换热板2的弧形流道从第二流体出口流出，从而完成冷、热流体的热量交换。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本岌明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何 熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种弧形板式换热器，包括筒形壳体(1)和设置在壳体(1)内的换热板组件，壳体(1)上设有与换热板组件中的流体通道连通的进出口，其特征在于：所述的换热板组件包括对称设置在壳体(1)轴线两侧的两组弧形换热板(2)，每组弧形换热板(2)均由自壳体(1)中心由内向外直径依次增大的多个弧形换热板(2)形成间隔的第一流体流道(201)和第二流体流道(202)；
    所述第一流体流道(201)与壳体(1)轴线平行的两个端面封闭设置，第一流体流道(201)与壳体(1)轴线垂直的两个端面设有流道口，形成沿壳体(1)轴线方向的直线流道；
    所述第二流体流道(202)与壳体(1)轴线垂直的两个端面封闭设置，第二流体流道(202)与壳体(1)轴线平行的两个端面设有流道口，形成沿圆周方向的弧形流道；
    所述两组弧形换热板(2)之间的区域由一个隔离件分隔为进口汇集腔(204)和出口汇集腔(205)，换热板组件的多个第二流体流道(202)的进口端汇聚至进口汇集腔(204)，其出口端汇聚至出口汇集腔(205)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述进口汇集腔(204)和出口汇集腔(205)的两端通过端部挡板(206)封闭。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述壳体(1)与位于最外层的两个弧形换热板(2)之间均具有沿壳体(1)轴向设置的侧挡板(203)，两个侧挡板(203)将壳体(1)与换热板组件之间的环隙分隔为分别连通至进口汇集腔(204)和出口汇集腔(205)的两个腔室。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述换热板组件还设有折流板(8)，折流板(8)设置在进口汇集腔(204)和出口汇集腔(205) 内，并将相邻的两个第二流体流道(202)的端口连接，从而使多个第二流体流道(202)形成串联连接结构。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述换热板组件还包括两个加强圈(9)，两个加强圈(9)分别套设在最外层弧形换热板(2)的两端。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述加强圈(9)与壳体(1)内壁之间通过弧形连接板(10)连接。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一权利要求所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述的隔离件为隔离板(11)，隔离板沿壳体(1)轴向穿设在两组弧形换热板(2)之间的区域内，且隔离板分别与位于最内层的两个弧形换热板(2)密封连接。
  8. 如权利要求1-6中任一权利要求所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述的隔离件为中心管(3)，该中心管(3)的两端分别与壳体(1)上对应于直线流道的进出口相连通，且中心管(3)的上设置有蝶阀(4)。
  9. 如权利要求1-6中任一权利要求所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述的隔离件为螺旋板式换热器(12)，螺旋板式换热器(12)具有轴向流道和螺旋流道，其轴向流道的进出口分别与壳体(1)内直线流道的进出口相连通，螺旋流道的进出口分别与壳体(1)内弧形流道的进出口相连通。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述第一流体流道(201)与壳体(1)轴线平行的两个端面通过侧密封条(6)密封，或者通过形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板(2)的折边密封。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述第二流体流道(202)与壳体(1)轴线垂直的两个端面通过端部密封条(7)密封，或者通过形成流体流道的任一弧形换热板(2)的折边密封。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述第一流体流道(201)和第二流体流道(202)内分散设置有支撑件(5)。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述的支撑件(5)为金属柱，或者为弧形换热板(2)表面形成的凸起。
  14. 如权利要求12或13所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述换热板组件中形成的多个第二流体流道(202)的间距，从内向外依次递增。
  15. 如权利要求12或13所述的一种弧形板式换热器，其特征在于：所述换热板组件的多个第二流体流道(202)中支撑件的设置密度，从内向外依次递减。
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