WO2016056171A1 - 半導体発光素子 - Google Patents
半導体発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016056171A1 WO2016056171A1 PCT/JP2015/004598 JP2015004598W WO2016056171A1 WO 2016056171 A1 WO2016056171 A1 WO 2016056171A1 JP 2015004598 W JP2015004598 W JP 2015004598W WO 2016056171 A1 WO2016056171 A1 WO 2016056171A1
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- semiconductor light
- active layer
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- quantum well
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- AXAZMDOAUQTMOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylzinc Chemical compound C[Zn]C AXAZMDOAUQTMOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/04—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction
- H01L33/06—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0093—Wafer bonding; Removal of the growth substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/38—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/38—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape
- H01L33/387—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape with a plurality of electrode regions in direct contact with the semiconductor body and being electrically interconnected by another electrode layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/40—Materials therefor
- H01L33/405—Reflective materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/44—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor light emitting device using a compound semiconductor material.
- AlGaInP-based materials have the largest direct transition type band gap among III-V compound semiconductor mixed crystals excluding nitrides, and are used as light emitting device materials in the 500 to 600 nm band.
- a light-emitting element having a light-emitting portion made of AlGaInP lattice-matched with a GaAs substrate can emit light with higher luminance than a conventional device using an indirect transition material such as GaP or GaAsP.
- Factors that decrease the light emission efficiency in the short wavelength region are: (1) the energy gap difference between the active layer and the cladding layer is small, so that carrier confinement is insufficient; (2) the Al composition of the active layer is high. Therefore, it is conceivable that the number of non-radiative centers in the active layer increases, and (3) the energy band structure becomes close to the indirect transition type from the direct transition type.
- the active layer has a quantum well structure of 80 to 200 layers, and the Al composition in the barrier layer is made larger than 0.5 (that is, the composition formula is (Al x Ga). 1-x ) 1-y In y P (using a compound semiconductor of 0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) is used to suppress carrier overflow and to obtain a high light emission efficiency.
- a quantum well structure in which lattice strain is introduced into an active layer that is, a quantum well structure including a well layer having tensile strain or compression strain and a strain relaxation barrier layer having strain opposite to the well layer
- a method for reducing the Al composition in the active layer and obtaining high luminous efficiency is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have been proposed in order to suppress a decrease in light emission efficiency in a short wavelength region.
- the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 can suppress the overflow of carriers, there is a problem in that the luminous efficiency decreases because the Al composition in the active layer becomes high.
- the method disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a problem in that even if a strain relaxation layer is used, lattice defects in the crystal due to strain are increased, so that high luminous efficiency cannot always be obtained. .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a semiconductor light emitting device capable of obtaining high light emission efficiency in a short wavelength region (yellow light emission) while using an active layer having a quantum well structure.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present invention provides a semiconductor light emitting device having a quantum well active layer composed of a well layer and a barrier layer, wherein the emission wavelength of the semiconductor light emitting device is 585 nm or more and 605 nm or less,
- the well layer is made of a compound semiconductor having the composition formula (Al x Ga 1-x ) y In 1-y P (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.06, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), and the barrier layer is composed of the composition formula (Al to provide a semiconductor light emitting device characterized m Ga 1-m) n in 1-n P (0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1,0 ⁇ be made of a compound semiconductor of n ⁇ 1).
- the Al composition of the well layer made of the AlGaInP-based compound semiconductor constituting the quantum well active layer is 0.06 or less, the average Al composition of the quantum well active layer can be reduced, Thereby, the non-light emission center in the quantum well active layer can be reduced, and high light emission efficiency in a short wavelength region (yellow light emission) can be obtained.
- the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer is preferably 200 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
- the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer is 200 nm or more, it is possible to suppress a decrease in light emission efficiency due to carrier overflow.
- the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer is 300 nm or less, it is possible to prevent an increase in manufacturing cost due to an increase in manufacturing time and material costs.
- the semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention high light emission efficiency in a short wavelength region (yellow light emission) can be obtained while using an active layer having a quantum well structure.
- the present inventors have made extensive studies on a semiconductor light emitting device capable of obtaining high light emission efficiency in a short wavelength region (yellow light emission) while using an active layer having a quantum well structure.
- the Al composition of the well layer made of the AlGaInP-based compound semiconductor constituting the quantum well active layer is 0.06 or less, the average Al composition of the quantum well active layer can be reduced, As a result, it has been found that non-luminescent centers in the quantum well active layer can be reduced, and that high luminous efficiency in a short wavelength region (yellow light emission) can be obtained, and the present invention has been made.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 10 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has a light emitting portion 19 having a quantum well active layer 14.
- the quantum well active layer 14 is formed by alternately stacking well layers 16 and barrier layers 15.
- the well layer 16 is made of i-AlGaInP having the composition formula (Al x Ga 1-x ) y In 1-y P (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.06, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1)
- the barrier layer 15 is composed of the composition formula (Al m Ga 1-m ) n In 1-n P (0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 1) i-AlGaInP.
- the emission wavelength of the semiconductor light emitting device 10 is not less than 585 nm and not more than 605 nm. For example, by changing the film thickness of the well layer 16 of the quantum well active layer 14, a desired wavelength within the above range can be obtained.
- the light emitting unit 19 is, for example, a semiconductor layer including a first conductivity type current diffusion layer 12, a first conductivity type cladding layer 13, a quantum well active layer 14, a second conductivity type cladding layer 17, and a second conductivity type current diffusion layer 18. It is.
- Each of the first conductivity type current diffusion layer 12, the first conductivity type cladding layer 13, the second conductivity type cladding layer 17, and the second conductivity type current diffusion layer 18 is, for example, a composition formula (Al x Ga 1-x ) y In 1-y P (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) p-AlGaInP layer, composition formula (Al x Ga 1-x ) y In 1-y P (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) p-AlGaInP layer, composition formula (Al x Ga 1-x ) y In 1-y P (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) n-AlGaInP layer, n-GaP layer.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 10 further includes, for example, a conductive support substrate 24, a bonding metal layer 23 provided on the conductive support substrate 24, a reflective metal layer 22 provided on the bonding metal layer 23, and a reflection metal layer 22.
- a transparent oxide film layer 21 provided on the transparent oxide film layer 21, and an n-type second ohmic wire electrode 20 provided in the transparent oxide film layer 21.
- a conductive ohmic electrode 25 is provided on the lower surface of the conductive support substrate 24.
- the above-described light emitting unit 19 is provided on the transparent oxide film layer 21, the above-described light emitting unit 19 is provided.
- the first ohmic thin wire electrode 11 and the second ohmic thin wire electrode 20 are disposed, for example, at positions where they do not overlap each other when viewed from above.
- the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is preferably 200 nm or more and 300 nm or less. This is because, as shown in FIG. 3, the light emission efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device 10 when the emission wavelength is 585 nm peaks in the range where the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is 200 nm or more and 300 nm or less. .
- the light emission efficiency in FIG. 3 is expressed as a ratio when the light emission efficiency when the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is 250 nm is “1”.
- the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is less than 200 nm, the light emission efficiency decreases due to the overflow of carriers, and the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is 300 nm. If it is thicker, carrier overflow can be suppressed, but self-absorption by the well layer 16 increases, and improvement in luminous efficiency cannot be seen. If the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is 200 nm or more, a decrease in light emission efficiency due to carrier overflow can be suppressed. If the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is 300 nm or less, the manufacturing time or It can prevent that material cost increases and manufacturing cost becomes high.
- the thickness of the well layer 16 is set so that the emission wavelength of the semiconductor light emitting element 10 becomes a desired value, and the total thickness becomes a desired value within the above range.
- the number of pairs can be adjusted (the number of pairs in the case of the well layer n (n is a positive integer) layer and the barrier layer n + 1 layer is n).
- the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 can be about 250 nm, for example.
- the Al composition of the well layer 16 made of an AlGaInP-based compound semiconductor constituting the quantum well active layer 14 is 0.06 or less.
- the average Al composition of the well active layer 14 can be reduced, whereby non-luminescent centers in the quantum well active layer 14 can be reduced, and high luminous efficiency in a short wavelength region (yellow light emission) can be obtained. Can do.
- FIG. 2A a semiconductor stacked structure of a plurality of AlGaInP-based materials is formed on a GaAs substrate 26.
- the quantum well active layer 14, the n-Al 0.5 In 0.5 P n-type cladding layer 17, and the n-GaP n-type current diffusion layer 18 are sequentially deposited by the MOVPE method (metal organic vapor phase epitaxy).
- the raw materials used in the MOVPE method are organometallic compounds such as trimethylgallium (TMGa), triethylgallium (TEGa), trimethylaluminum (TMAl), trimethylindium (TMIn), arsine (AsH 3 ), phosphine (PH 3 ), etc. Hydride gas can be used.
- monosilane (SiH 4 ) can be used as the n-type dopant material
- biscyclopentadienyl magnesium (Cp 2 Mg) can be used as the p-type dopant material
- hydrogen selenide (H 2 Se) disilane (Si 2 H 6 ), diethyl tellurium (DETe), or dimethyl tellurium (DMTe) can also be used as an n-type dopant material.
- dimethyl zinc (DMZn) or diethyl zinc (DEZn) can also be used as a raw material of a p-type dopant.
- a transparent oxide film layer 21 and an n-type second ohmic wire electrode 20 are formed on the surface of the n-type current diffusion layer 18 of the formed semiconductor multilayer structure.
- an SiO 2 film is formed as the transparent oxide film layer 21 using a plasma CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) apparatus, and then an opening is provided using a photolithography method and an etching method. More specifically, an opening is provided by removing the transparent oxide film layer 21 in a region where the resist pattern is not formed using a hydrofluoric acid-based etchant as an etching solution.
- an AuSi alloy which is a material constituting the n-type second ohmic wire electrode 20, is formed in the opening using a vacuum deposition method.
- an Al layer as a reflective layer and a barrier layer as a barrier layer are formed on the transparent oxide film layer 21 and the second ohmic wire electrode 20 by using a vacuum deposition method or a sputtering method.
- a Ti layer and an Au layer as a bonding layer are sequentially formed.
- the reflective metal layer 22 is formed.
- a material having a high reflectance with respect to the wavelength of the light is selected according to the wavelength of the light emitted from the quantum well active layer 14.
- the laminated body 29 is produced as described above.
- a support substrate 30 in which Au as a bonding layer is formed using a vacuum deposition method is prepared, and this support substrate 30 is bonded to the laminate 29, whereby the support substrate 30 and the laminate 29 are mechanically and electrically connected. Connected joint structure 31 is produced.
- the pressure inside the bonding apparatus is increased to a predetermined pressure, and then the stacked laminate 29 and the support substrate 30 are heated to a predetermined temperature while applying pressure through a jig.
- Specific bonding conditions are a pressure of 7000 N / m 2 and a temperature of 350 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the n-GaAs substrate 26 is selectively and completely removed from the junction structure 31 using an etchant for GaAs etching, and p-Ga 0.5 In 0. .5 P etching stop layer 27 is exposed.
- an etchant for GaAs etching for example, a mixed solution of ammonia water and hydrogen peroxide water can be used.
- the etching stop layer 27 is removed by etching using a predetermined etchant from the bonded structure 31 from which the n-GaAs substrate 26 has been removed (the contact layer 28 is exposed).
- an etchant containing hydrochloric acid can be used as the predetermined etchant.
- a p-type ohmic electrode is formed at a predetermined position by using a photolithography method and a vacuum deposition method.
- the p-type ohmic electrode is formed by a circular electrode (not shown) and a first ohmic wire electrode 11, and is formed by evaporating, for example, Ti, AuBe, and Au in this order.
- the first ohmic wire electrode 11 is formed at a position that does not overlap the second ohmic wire electrode 20.
- the contact layer 28 made of p-GaAs is removed by etching.
- the p-type current diffusion layer 12 can be roughened using the contact layer 28 as a mask. Further, after removing the contact layer 28, the p-type current diffusion layer 12 can be roughened using a predetermined etchant.
- a conductive ohmic electrode 25 is formed on the substantially entire back surface of the conductive support substrate 24 by a vacuum deposition method.
- the conductive ohmic electrode 25 on the back surface can be formed, for example, by depositing Ti and Au on the bottom surface of the support substrate 24 in this order.
- an alloy process which is an alloying process for forming an electrical junction, is applied to each ohmic electrode.
- heat treatment can be performed at 400 ° C. for 5 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere as an inert atmosphere. Thereby, the joining structure 32 is produced.
- the bonded structure 32 is separated into individual elements. Thereby, a plurality of semiconductor light emitting devices 10 as shown in FIG. 1 are manufactured.
- each layer of the semiconductor light emitting device 10 is as follows.
- p-type current diffusion layer 12 ... p- (Al 0.4 Ga 0.6 ) 0.5 In 0.5 P p-type cladding layer 13... p-Al 0.5 In 0.5 P Barrier layer 15 ... i- (Al 0.6 Ga 0.4 ) 0.5 In 0.5 P Well layer 16 ... i- (Al 0.06 Ga 0.94 ) 0.5 In 0.5 P n-type cladding layer 17... n-Al 0.5 In 0.5 P, n current diffusion layer 18... n-GaP, GaAs substrate 26 ...
- the Al composition of the well layer 16 is fixed to 0.06, the film thickness of the well layer 16 is changed, and the total film thickness of the quantum well active layer 14 is about 250 nm.
- the emission wavelength of the semiconductor light emitting device 10 was changed in the range of 585 to 605 nm.
- Luminous efficiency was measured for the semiconductor light emitting device fabricated as described above.
- Table 1 shows the quantum well active layer structure and luminous efficiency at each emission wavelength.
- the luminous efficiency when the emission wavelength is 615 nm is also shown for reference.
- FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the emission wavelength and the emission efficiency.
- a semiconductor light emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in the example. However, the Al composition and film thickness of the well layer 16 were changed as shown in Table 2, and the emission wavelength was changed in the range of 585 to 605 nm.
- the semiconductor light emitting device manufactured as described above was measured for luminous efficiency in the same manner as in the example.
- Table 2 shows the quantum well active layer structure and luminous efficiency at each emission wavelength. In Table 2, the luminous efficiency when the emission wavelength is 615 nm is also shown for reference.
- FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the emission wavelength and the emission efficiency.
- the emission efficiency is higher in the example than in the comparative example in the range of the emission wavelength from 585 nm to 605 nm.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and any device that exhibits the same function and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.
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Abstract
Description
また、特許文献2では、活性層に格子歪を導入した量子井戸構造(すなわち、引張り歪又は圧縮歪を持つ井戸層と、井戸層と反対の歪を持つ歪緩和障壁層とからなる量子井戸構造)とすることで、活性層中のAl組成を減らし高い発光効率を得る方法が開示されている。
しかしながら、特許文献1に開示された方法では、キャリアのオーバーフローは抑制できるが、活性層中のAl組成が高くなるために、発光効率が低下してしまうという問題点があった。
また、特許文献2に開示された方法では、歪緩和層を用いたとしても歪に起因する結晶中の格子欠陥の増加を招くため、必ずしも高い発光効率を得ることができないという問題点があった。
量子井戸活性層のトータル膜厚が200nm以上であれば、キャリアのオーバーフローによる発光効率の低下を抑制することができる。また、量子井戸活性層のトータル膜厚が300nm以下であれば、製造時間や材料費が増加して製造コストが高くなることを防止できる。
前述のように半導体発光素子の短波長領域における発光効率の低下を抑制するために、量子井戸構造の活性層を用いる方法が複数提案されているが、いずれの方法においても、短波長領域(黄色発光)において高い発光効率を得るという点で改善の余地があった。
その結果、量子井戸活性層を構成するAlGaInP系の化合物半導体からなる井戸層のAl組成が0.06以下である構成とすることによって、量子井戸活性層の平均Al組成を小さくすることができ、それによって、量子井戸活性層中の非発光中心を減少させることができ、短波長領域(黄色発光)での高い発光効率を得ることができることを見出し、本発明をなすに至った。
図1に示す本発明の半導体発光素子10は、量子井戸活性層14を有する発光部19を有している。量子井戸活性層14は、井戸層16と、障壁層15とが交互に積層されたものである。井戸層16は組成式(AlxGa1-x)yIn1-yP(0<x≦0.06、0<y<1)のi-AlGaInPからなり、障壁層15は組成式(AlmGa1-m)nIn1-nP(0≦m≦1、0<n<1)のi-AlGaInPからなる。半導体発光素子10の発光波長は585nm以上、605nm以下であり、例えば、量子井戸活性層14の井戸層16の膜厚を変更することによって、上記の範囲内の所望の波長とすることができる。
半導体発光素子10は、例えば、さらに、導電性支持基板24、導電性支持基板24上に設けられた接合金属層23、接合金属層23上に設けられた反射金属層22、反射金属層22上に設けられた透明酸化膜層21、透明酸化膜層21内に設けられたn型側の第2オーミック細線電極20を有し、導電性支持基板24の下面には導電性オーミック電極25が設けられ、透明酸化膜層21上には上述の発光部19が設けられている。また、第1オーミック細線電極11と第2オーミック細線電極20は、例えば、上面から見て互いに重ならない位置に配置されている。
なお、図3に示すような特性になるのは、量子井戸活性層14のトータル膜厚が200nmより薄い場合はキャリアのオーバーフローにより発光効率が低下し、量子井戸活性層14のトータル膜厚が300nmより厚い場合はキャリアのオーバーフローを抑制できるが井戸層16による自己吸収が大きくなり発光効率の向上が見られなくなるためである。
量子井戸活性層14のトータル膜厚が200nm以上であれば、キャリアのオーバーフローによる発光効率の低下を抑制することができ、量子井戸活性層14のトータル膜厚が300nm以下であれば、製造時間や材料費が増加して製造コストが高くなることを防止できる。
量子井戸活性層14は、例えば、半導体発光素子10の発光波長が所望の値になるように井戸層16の膜厚を設定するとともに、トータル膜厚が上記の範囲内の所望の値となるようにペア数(井戸層n(nは正の整数)層、障壁層n+1層のときのペア数をnとする)の調整を行うことができる。
量子井戸活性層14のトータル膜厚は、例えば、250nm程度とすることができる。
まず、図2(a)に示すように、GaAs基板26上に複数のAlGaInP系材料の半導体積層構造を形成する。具体的には、n-GaAs基板26上に、例えばp-Ga0.5In0.5Pのエッチングストップ層27とp-GaAsのコンタクト層28、p-(Al0.4Ga0.6)0.5In0.5Pのp型電流拡散層12、p-Al0.5In0.5Pのp型クラッド層13、アンドープの(Al0.06Ga0.94)0.5In0.5Pの井戸層16(膜厚2.7nm)とアンドープの(Al0.6Ga0.4)0.5In0.5Pの障壁層15(膜厚7.7nm)からなる量子井戸活性層14、n-Al0.5In0.5Pのn型クラッド層17、n-GaPのn型電流拡散層18をMOVPE法(有機金属気相成長法)により順次堆積させる。MOVPE法において用いる原料は、トリメチルガリウム(TMGa)、トリエチルガリウム(TEGa)、トリメチルアルミニウム(TMAl)、トリメチルインジウム(TMIn)等の有機金属化合物、及びアルシン(AsH3)、フォスフィン(PH3)等の水素化物ガスを用いることができる。更に、n型ドーパントの原料は、モノシラン(SiH4)、p型ドーパントの原料はビスシクロペンタジエニルマグネシウム(Cp2Mg)を用いることができる。また、n型ドーパントの原料として、セレン化水素(H2Se)、ジシラン(Si2H6)、ジエチルテルル(DETe)、又はジメチルテルル(DMTe)を用いることもできる。そして、p型ドーパントの原料としてジメチルジンク(DMZn)又は、ジエチルジンク(DEZn)を用いることもできる。
以上のようにして、積層体29が作製される。
図1の半導体発光素子10を、図2で説明した製造方法を用いて作製した。
ここで、半導体発光素子10の各層は、以下のとおりである。
p型電流拡散層12…p-(Al0.4Ga0.6)0.5In0.5P
p型クラッド層13…p-Al0.5In0.5P
障壁層15…i-(Al0.6Ga0.4)0.5In0.5P
井戸層16…i-(Al0.06Ga0.94)0.5In0.5P
n型クラッド層17…n-Al0.5In0.5P、
n電流拡散層18…n-GaP、
GaAs基板26…n-GaAs
エッチングストップ層27…p-Ga0.5In0.5P、
コンタクト層28…p-GaAs
ただし、表1に示すように、井戸層16のAl組成は0.06に固定して、井戸層16の膜厚を変化させ、さらに、量子井戸活性層14のトータル膜厚が250nm程度となるように井戸層16と障壁層15のペア数を調整することで、半導体発光素子10の発光波長を585~605nmの範囲で変化させた。
各発光波長における量子井戸活性層構造と発光効率を表1に示す。なお、表1には、発光波長が615nmのときの発光効率も参考のために示されている。ここで発光効率は、発光効率(%)=出力(mW)/投入電力(mW)で算出され、発光波長615nmの発光効率を“1”としたときの比率で表している。
また、発光波長と発光効率との関係を図4に示す。
実施例と同様にして半導体発光素子を作製した。ただし、井戸層16のAl組成及び膜厚を表2のように変化させて、発光波長を585~605nmの範囲で変化させた。
上記のようにして作製した半導体発光素子について、実施例と同様にして発光効率を測定した。
各発光波長における量子井戸活性層構造と発光効率を表2に示す。なお、表2にも、発光波長が615nmのときの発光効率が参考のために示されている。
また、発光波長と発光効率との関係を図4に示す。
Claims (2)
- 井戸層と障壁層とで構成される量子井戸活性層を有する半導体発光素子において、
前記半導体発光素子の発光波長が585nm以上、605nm以下であり、
前記井戸層が、組成式(AlxGa1-x)yIn1-yP(0<x≦0.06、0<y<1)の化合物半導体からなり、
前記障壁層が、組成式(AlmGa1-m)nIn1-nP(0≦m≦1、0<n<1)の化合物半導体からなることを特徴とする半導体発光素子。 - 前記量子井戸活性層のトータル膜厚が200nm以上、300nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体発光素子。
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