WO2015136763A1 - 電解液循環型電池、熱交換器、及び配管 - Google Patents
電解液循環型電池、熱交換器、及び配管 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015136763A1 WO2015136763A1 PCT/JP2014/078285 JP2014078285W WO2015136763A1 WO 2015136763 A1 WO2015136763 A1 WO 2015136763A1 JP 2014078285 W JP2014078285 W JP 2014078285W WO 2015136763 A1 WO2015136763 A1 WO 2015136763A1
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- main body
- electrolyte
- heat exchanger
- path
- cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/20—Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolyte circulation type battery such as a redox flow battery, a heat exchanger for cooling a corrosive liquid such as an electrolyte of an electrolyte circulation type battery, and a pipe used for a flow path of the corrosive liquid.
- the present invention relates to an electrolyte circulation type battery that is difficult to oxidize an electrolyte and that can be easily cooled.
- An electrolyte circulation type battery such as a redox flow battery (RF battery).
- An RF battery is a battery that charges and discharges using a difference in oxidation-reduction potential between ions contained in a positive electrode electrolyte and ions contained in a negative electrode electrolyte.
- An example of the RF battery is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the RF battery 1 of Patent Document 1 includes a battery cell 100 separated into a positive electrode cell 102 and a negative electrode cell 103 by a diaphragm 101 that transmits hydrogen ions.
- a positive electrode 104 is built in the positive electrode cell 102, and a positive electrode electrolyte tank 106 that stores a positive electrode electrolyte is connected via a circulation path having a supply channel 108 and a discharge channel 110.
- a negative electrode 105 is built in the negative electrode cell 103, and a negative electrode electrolyte tank 107 for storing a negative electrode electrolyte is connected through a circulation path having a supply channel 109 and a discharge channel 111.
- the electrolyte solution in the tanks 106 and 107 is supplied from the supply channels 108 and 109 to the cells 102 and 103 by the pumps 112 and 113 provided in the middle of the supply channels 108 and 109.
- 103 circulates through the discharge passages 110 and 111 and is discharged to the tanks 106 and 107 to be circulated to the cells 102 and 103.
- the electrolytic solution typically, an aqueous solution containing metal ions such as vanadium ions whose valence changes by an oxidation-reduction reaction is used.
- each of the flow paths 108 to 111 is in direct contact with the electrolytic solution, the flow paths 108 to 111 are made of a material that does not react with the electrolytic solution and has excellent resistance to the electrolytic solution, and a resin conduit such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- a solid line arrow means charging, and a broken line arrow means discharging.
- the electrolytic solution In the RF battery 1, the electrolytic solution generates heat with the battery reaction. Due to this heat generation, the battery efficiency may be lowered, or deterioration such as softening of the constituent resins of the respective channels 108 to 111 in contact with the electrolytic solution may occur.
- the cooling devices 114 and 115 are provided in the middle of the discharge channels 110 and 111.
- the cooling devices 114 and 115 generally include a heat exchanger (not shown) having a cooling region configured as a part of a circulation path, and a forced cooling mechanism (not shown) for forcibly cooling the electrolyte in the heat exchanger. Prepare.
- the flow path of the heat exchanger is composed of a conduit of resin such as PVC, like the flow paths 108 to 111, and is provided so as to meander from the inlet to the outlet.
- the electrolyte is cooled by removing heat in the process from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchanger (conduit).
- a water-cooling type in which the conduit is cooled with cooling water or an air-cooling type in which air is forced to flow through the conduit is used.
- the flow path of the heat exchanger may be provided so as to branch into a plurality of straight lines in the process from the inlet to the outlet, for example.
- PVC which is a constituent resin of the conduits constituting the channels 108 to 111 and the channel of the heat exchanger, has poor heat dissipation and is difficult to cool the electrolyte. If the thickness of the conduit is reduced, heat dissipation can be improved, but oxygen can be easily transmitted. When oxygen enters into the conduit, the electrolytic solution is oxidized by the oxygen, and the effective amount of the electrolytic solution may be reduced. As a result, a decrease in battery discharge capacity, a decrease in battery efficiency, and the like may occur.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and one of its purposes is to provide an electrolyte circulation type battery that is difficult to oxidize the electrolyte and that can be easily cooled.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that is difficult to oxidize corrosive liquid flowing through the inside and that can easily cool corrosive liquid.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a pipe that is difficult to oxidize corrosive liquid flowing inside and is suitable for cooling the corrosive liquid.
- the electrolyte circulation type battery includes a battery cell and a circulation path for circulating the electrolyte through the battery cell.
- the circulation path includes a composite conduit, and the composite conduit includes a tubular main body made of resin, an oxygen barrier layer formed on the outer periphery of the main body and made of an organic material having a lower oxygen permeability than the main body.
- the heat exchanger includes a flow path through which the corrosive liquid flows, and includes a cooling region that cools the corrosive liquid in at least a part of the flow path.
- the cooling region includes a composite conduit, and the composite conduit includes a tubular main body made of resin, an oxygen barrier layer formed on the outer periphery of the main body and made of an organic material having a lower oxygen permeability than the main body.
- a corrosive liquid flows inside.
- the pipe includes a tubular main body made of resin, and an oxygen barrier layer formed on the outer periphery of the main body and made of an organic material having a lower oxygen permeability than the main body.
- the electrolyte circulation type battery is difficult to oxidize the electrolyte and easily cools the electrolyte.
- the above heat exchanger is difficult to oxidize the corrosive liquid flowing inside, and easily cools the corrosive liquid.
- the above-mentioned piping is difficult to oxidize corrosive liquid flowing inside, and is suitable for cooling corrosive liquid.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a composite conduit provided in the redox flow battery according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a heat exchanger provided in a redox flow battery according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cell stack provided in a redox flow battery according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is an operation
- An electrolyte circulation type battery includes a battery cell and a circulation path for circulating the electrolyte through the battery cell.
- the circulation path includes a composite conduit, and the composite conduit includes a tubular main body made of resin, an oxygen barrier layer formed on the outer periphery of the main body and made of an organic material having a lower oxygen permeability than the main body.
- the heat exchanger As one mode of the above electrolyte circulation type battery, it may be provided with a heat exchanger provided in the middle of the circulation path.
- the heat exchanger has a cooling region that forms part of the circulation path and cools the electrolytic solution in the circulation path.
- region is comprised with the said composite conduit
- the cooling region for cooling the electrolytic solution is configured by the above-described composite conduit, so that the electrolytic solution can be satisfactorily cooled without being oxidized.
- the main body part is made of polyethylene resin
- the oxygen barrier layer is made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin.
- the electrolytic solution can be satisfactorily cooled by configuring the main body portion with the polyethylene resin having a high thermal conductivity.
- polyethylene resin is excellent in workability, it is easy to process into a desired shape.
- Polyethylene resin has a high oxygen permeability and easily allows oxygen to enter.
- the oxygen barrier layer is made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin having a low oxygen permeability, so that the intrusion of oxygen into the main body can be suppressed.
- the thickness of the main body is 1 mm or less.
- the thickness of a main-body part can be 1 mm or less by providing an oxygen interruption
- the heat dissipation can be enhanced and the electrolyte can be cooled well.
- the circulation path includes a plurality of the composite conduits and a connecting portion that connects the composite conduits.
- the connecting portion is formed by fusing the composite conduits together.
- the joint strength between the composite conduits can be increased as compared with the case of connecting with an adhesive. Further, it is possible to eliminate the need for an adhesive and to eliminate the troublesome work associated with the use of the adhesive. Furthermore, the sealing performance of the connecting portion can be improved by fusing, and the electrolyte can be hardly leaked from the connecting portion.
- the above electrolyte circulation type battery it may be provided with a fan for air-cooling the heat exchanger.
- the electrolyte solution can be cooled well. Further, the configuration can be simplified as compared with the case where the heat exchanger is water-cooled. This is because members such as a pump for supplying (circulating) cooling water to the heat exchanger and a cooler for cooling the cooling water are unnecessary.
- a heat exchanger includes a flow path through which a corrosive liquid flows, and includes a cooling region provided in at least a part of the flow path to cool the corrosive liquid.
- the cooling region includes a composite conduit, and the composite conduit includes a tubular main body made of resin, an oxygen barrier layer formed on the outer periphery of the main body and made of an organic material having a lower oxygen permeability than the main body.
- the cooling region of the heat exchanger since the cooling region of the heat exchanger includes the above-described composite conduit, it is difficult to oxidize the corrosive liquid flowing through the inside, and it is easy to cool the corrosive liquid.
- the corrosive liquid is a liquid that generates heat due to a chemical reaction, a battery reaction, Joule heat due to energization, or the like, and is a liquid that requires heat dissipation during distribution.
- Corrosive liquid circulates in the pipe according to one aspect of the present invention.
- the pipe includes a tubular main body made of resin, and an oxygen barrier layer formed on the outer periphery of the main body and made of an organic material having a lower oxygen permeability than the main body.
- the RF battery according to the embodiment is similar to the conventional RF battery described with reference to FIG. 4.
- the battery cell 100 and the circulation path for circulating the positive electrode electrolyte in the tank 106 to the positive electrode cell 102 (supply channel 108, discharge) A flow path 110) and a circulation path (a supply flow path 109, a discharge flow path 111) for circulating the negative electrode electrolyte in the tank 107 in the negative electrode cell 103.
- Circulation of each electrolytic solution is performed by pumps 112 and 113 provided in the middle of each circulation path.
- the main characteristic of the RF battery according to the embodiment is that the circulation path includes a composite conduit having a specific structure and material.
- the present embodiment includes a cooling device, and the cooling device includes a heat exchanger provided in the middle of the circulation path.
- the heat exchanger has a cooling region that forms part of the circulation path.
- the cooling area of the heat exchanger is constituted by the composite conduit.
- the composite conduit 10 is a multilayer including a tubular main body 11 made of resin, and an oxygen barrier layer 12 formed on the outer periphery of the main body 11 and made of an organic material having a lower oxygen permeability than the main body 11. Structure.
- the main body 11 forms a flow path through which the electrolytic solution flows.
- the constituent resin of the main body 11 include a resin that does not react with the electrolytic solution and has excellent resistance to the electrolytic solution.
- the resin include polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- PE can be suitably used.
- PE resin has a higher oxygen permeability than conventional PVC resin and it is easy for oxygen to enter inside.
- PE resin is used as a constituent material of the main body 11 by providing an oxygen blocking layer 12 described later. Can be used. Since PE resin has higher thermal conductivity than other resins described above, it is easy to cool the electrolytic solution.
- the main body 11 is meandered in order to lengthen the length of the heat exchanger that is a part of the circulation path (hereinafter sometimes referred to as forced cooling length)
- the overall size can be reduced.
- the PE resin can be fused, for example, it can be performed by fusing the composite conduits 10 together, so that the adhesive can be made unnecessary and the troublesome work associated with the use of the adhesive can be eliminated.
- the main body 11 is made of PE resin.
- the shape of the main body 11 is tubular as described above, and the cross-sectional shape thereof may be a polygon such as a circle, an ellipse, or a rectangle. If the cross-sectional shape is a circle or an ellipse, the pressure loss during the circulation of the electrolyte can be reduced compared to a polygon. In particular, if the cross-sectional shape is circular, it is easy to cool the electrolyte uniformly.
- the cross-sectional shape of the main body 11 is circular.
- a conventional conduit made of PVC resin is difficult to thin because it is easy to infiltrate oxygen by making it thin, and a thickness of 2 mm or more is required when configuring a heat exchanger for an RF battery. is there.
- the thickness of the main body 11 can be reduced.
- the thickness of the main body 11 can be set to 1 mm or less, and further can be set to 0.7 mm or less.
- the thickness of the main body is preferably 0.5 mm or more.
- the mechanical strength of the main body 11 is excellent.
- the thickness of the main body 11 may be appropriately selected in consideration of the thickness of the oxygen barrier layer 12 so that the thickness of the composite conduit 10 is 1 mm or less, and further 0.7 mm or less.
- the oxygen blocking layer 12 suppresses oxygen from entering the main body 11 from the outside.
- the oxygen barrier layer 12 covers the outer periphery over the entire length of the main body 11.
- the shape of the oxygen barrier layer 12 is a shape corresponding to the outer surface shape of the main body 11. For example, when the main body 11 is a cylindrical tube, the shape of the oxygen barrier layer 12 is also cylindrical.
- Examples of the material of the oxygen blocking layer 12 include an organic material having an oxygen transmission rate lower than that of the main body 11 as described above. By configuring the oxygen blocking layer 12 with an organic material having a low oxygen permeability, intrusion of oxygen into the main body 11 can be suppressed, and the thickness of the main body 11 can be reduced to improve the cooling performance of the electrolyte. It is done. Specifically, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin (saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate random copolymer), polyvinylidene chloride resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, nylon 6 and the like can be mentioned.
- the thickness of the oxygen barrier layer 12 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less. By setting the thickness of the oxygen blocking layer 12 to 20 ⁇ m or more, oxygen intrusion can be satisfactorily suppressed. By setting the thickness of the oxygen blocking layer 12 to 500 ⁇ m or less, the electrolyte solution can be efficiently cooled without becoming too thick.
- the composite conduit 10 can be manufactured, for example, by the following methods (1) to (3).
- (1) A film or sheet of the oxygen barrier layer 12 is attached to the outer periphery of the extruded main body 11 with an adhesive.
- (3) The main body portion 11 and the oxygen barrier layer 12 are simultaneously extruded, and the oxygen barrier layer 12 is formed on the outer periphery of the main body portion 11 simultaneously with the molding of the main body portion 11. According to the above methods (2) and (3), the bondability between the main body 11 and the oxygen barrier layer 12 can be improved.
- the oxygen barrier layer 12 can be formed without any gap over the entire outer periphery of the main body 11, and the oxidation of the electrolyte can be further suppressed. .
- the body 11 and the oxygen barrier layer 12 can be formed simultaneously, so that the productivity of the composite conduit 10 can be increased.
- the cooling devices 20 and 21 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 cool the electrolyte solution by removing the heat of each electrode electrolyte solution.
- the cooling devices 20 and 21 include a heat exchanger 30 having a cooling region provided in the middle of the circulation path of each pole and constituting a part of the circulation path, and a forced cooling mechanism for forcibly cooling the heat exchanger 30.
- the heat exchanger 30 is configured by the composite conduit 10 described above.
- the electrolytic solution in the circulation path is cooled.
- cooling by natural cooling may be sufficient as cooling here
- electrolyte solution can be cooled favorably by setting it as forced cooling by the forced cooling mechanism mentioned later.
- the installation location of the heat exchanger 30 may be in the middle of the supply channels 108 and 109 or in the middle of the discharge channels 110 and 111, but is preferably in the middle of the discharge channels 110 and 111.
- Each electrode electrolyte generates heat with the battery reaction. Therefore, the electrolytic solution can be satisfactorily cooled by setting the installation location of the heat exchanger 30 in the middle of the discharge channels 110 and 111.
- the installation location of the heat exchanger 30 is in the middle of the discharge flow paths 110 and 111.
- the inlet (inlet channel 31 in FIG. 2) of the heat exchanger 30 is connected to the upstream outlet channels 110u and 111u of the outlet channels 110 and 111 (FIG. 4), and the outlet (in FIG. 2).
- the outflow passage 35) is connected to the downstream discharge passages 110d and 111d.
- the electrolyte discharged from each of the polar cells 102 and 103 is circulated into the heat exchanger 30 from the upstream discharge channels 110u and 111u through the inlet of the heat exchanger 30, and from the inlet of the heat exchanger 30 to the outlet. In the process, the heat of the electrolyte is lost.
- the electrolyte from which heat has been removed is discharged from the outlet of the heat exchanger 30 to the electrode tanks 106 and 107 through the downstream discharge passages 110d and 111d.
- the flow path from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchanger 30 can be composed of one continuous flow path or a plurality of flow paths. In the case of a single continuous flow path, the flow path is preferably meandered. By doing so, when the same flow path cross-sectional area and the same flow path length are used, the size of the heat exchanger 30 and thus the size of the cooling devices 20 and 21 can be reduced as compared with the case where the flow path is linear. Further, when the heat exchanger 30 has the same size, the surface area of the composite conduit 10 constituting the flow path can be increased (the forced cooling length can be increased) compared to the straight flow path, and the electrolyte can be cooled to a desired temperature. Easy to do.
- each channel may be linear or meandering.
- each flow path cross-sectional area can be reduced by configuring with a plurality of flow paths.
- the total surface area of the composite conduit 10 can be increased.
- each channel cross-sectional area (diameter) can be reduced, it is easy to cool to the central portion of the channel.
- the flow path from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchanger 30 is composed of a plurality of flow paths.
- the heat exchanger 30 flows out of the heat exchanger 30 (cooling devices 20 and 21) and the inflow path 31 through which the electrolyte flows into the heat exchanger 30 (cooling devices 20 and 21) and the electrolyte.
- the inflow path 31 and the outflow path 35 and the plurality of branch paths 33 are connected via a relay path 32 and an aggregation path 34, respectively.
- Each of the flow paths 31 to 35 is composed of the composite conduit 10.
- the inflow path 31 allows the electrolyte discharged from the electrode cells 102 and 103 to flow into the heat exchanger 30 (cooling devices 20 and 21).
- One end of the inflow passage 31 is connected to the upstream discharge passages 110u and 111u (FIG. 4).
- the relay path 32 relays the inflow path 31 and the plurality of branch paths 33 and branches the electrolyte flowing in from the inflow path 31 to each branch path 33.
- One end of the relay path 32 is connected in the middle of the inflow path 31, and the other end is closed.
- a plurality of branch paths 33 are connected in the middle of the relay path 32.
- Each branch path 33 is a flow path that mainly cools the electrolyte in the heat exchanger 30.
- One end of each branch path 33 is connected to the relay path 32, and the other end is connected to the aggregation path 34.
- Each branch path 33 may be linear from one end to the other end or may meander.
- the composite conduit 10 constituting the branch path 33 does not need to be bent, and the pressure loss of the electrolytic solution is smaller than that of the meandering branch path 33.
- the meandering branch path 33 has the same flow path cross-sectional area and the same flow path length, the size of the heat exchanger 30 and thus the size of the cooling devices 20 and 21 are reduced compared to the straight branch path 33. it can.
- each branch path 33 is configured in a straight line, and is arranged in parallel so as to be parallel to each other between the relay path 32 and the aggregation path 34.
- the cross-sectional area (diameter) of each branch path 33 is smaller (thinner) than the other flow paths (inflow path 31, relay path 32, aggregation path 34, and outflow path 35) constituting the heat exchanger 30.
- the aggregation path 34 aggregates the electrolyte solution that has circulated through the plurality of branch paths 33 and transports the electrolyte solution to the outflow path 35.
- One end of the collecting path 34 is connected to the outflow path 35 and the other end is closed. In the middle of the aggregation path 34, the other end of each branch path 33 is connected.
- the outflow path 35 allows the electrolyte transported from the aggregation path 34 to flow out of the heat exchanger 30 (cooling devices 20 and 21).
- One end of the outflow passage 35 is connected to the downstream discharge passages 110d and 111d (FIG. 4).
- connection unit 39 The inflow path 31 and the relay path 32, the relay path 32 and the branch paths 33, the branch paths 33 and the aggregation path 34, and the aggregation path 34 and the outflow path 35 are connected via a connection unit 39.
- a connecting part 39 between the relay path 32 and the aggregation path 34 and each branch path 33 is shown, and other connecting parts are omitted.
- Each connecting portion 39 is preferably formed by fusing the composite conduits 10 constituting each connecting portion 39. By forming the main body portion 11 of the composite conduit 10 from PE resin, the connecting portions 39 can be fused and formed. By fusing the composite conduits 10 together, it is possible to eliminate the need for an adhesive for joining the composite conduits 10 and to eliminate the troublesome work associated with the use of the adhesive.
- the sealing performance of the connecting portion 39 can be improved, and it is easy to prevent leakage of the electrolytic solution.
- the surface of the connecting portion 39 allows the main body portion 11 to be exposed from the oxygen blocking layer 12. Although the main body 11 may be exposed at the surface of the connecting portion 39 due to the fusion, the ratio of the exposed portion to the entire heat exchanger 30 is small, and the influence of the oxidation of the electrolytic solution due to oxygen entering from the exposed portion is small. It is.
- the forced cooling mechanism examples include a water cooling type for cooling with cooling water and an air cooling type for blowing air.
- the heat exchanger 30 is accommodated in a container, and cooling water is supplied (circulated) into the container.
- cooling water can suppress the entry of oxygen from the outside, but oxygen may be dissolved in the cooling water.
- the heat exchanger 30 is composed of the composite conduit 10 described above, the intrusion of oxygen dissolved in the cooling water can also be suppressed.
- the air cooling type it is possible to provide a fan 40. In this case, not only the cooling water itself is unnecessary, but also a member such as a pump for supplying (circulating) the cooling water or a cooling water cooler is unnecessary. It can be simplified.
- the forced cooling mechanism is constituted by the fan 40.
- the location where the fan 40 is disposed may be a location where wind can be applied to the entire heat exchanger 30, particularly the branch path 33.
- it may be provided at a position orthogonal to both the longitudinal direction and the parallel direction of the branch path 33, or may be provided at a position along the flow direction of the branch path 33.
- it is provided at a position along the flow direction of the branch path 33, that is, immediately above the aggregation path 34.
- the heat exchanger 30 is configured by the flow paths 31 to 35, the relay path 32, the plurality of branch paths 33, and the aggregation path 34 are used as one cooling unit, and the heat exchanger 30 is connected to the inflow path 31.
- a plurality of the cooling units and the outflow passage 35 may be used. In that case, the cooling units are arranged in parallel, one end of the relay path 32 in each cooling unit is connected in the middle of the inflow path 31, and one end of the aggregation path 34 is connected in the middle of the outflow path 35. That is, in FIG. 2, a plurality of cooling units are arranged in parallel on the back side of the drawing.
- Each of the electrode electrolytes uses a vanadium ion aqueous solution as shown in FIG. 4 here, but the electrolyte is not limited to the vanadium ion aqueous solution.
- the electrolyte is not limited to the vanadium ion aqueous solution.
- the following is mentioned as a combination of each electrode electrolyte solution.
- the positive electrode electrolyte contains manganese ions
- the negative electrode electrolyte contains at least one metal ion selected from titanium ions, vanadium ions, chromium ions, zinc ions, and tin ions.
- the positive electrode electrolyte contains both manganese ions and titanium ions, and the negative electrode electrolyte contains at least one metal ion selected from titanium ions, vanadium ions, chromium ions, zinc ions, and tin ions. .
- the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte contain both manganese ions and titanium ions.
- the positive electrode electrolyte contains iron ions, and the negative electrode electrolyte contains at least one metal ion selected from titanium ions, vanadium ions, chromium ions, zinc ions, and tin ions.
- Solvents for the electrolyte include H 2 SO 4 , K 2 SO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , H 4 P 2 O 7 , K 2 HPO 4 , Na 3 PO 4 , K 3 PO 4 , HNO 3 , at least one aqueous solution selected from KNO 3 , HCl, and NaNO 3 can be used.
- those containing sulfate anions (SO 4 2 ⁇ ) are easy to use.
- the RF battery 1 includes a cell stack 200 configured by stacking a plurality of subcell stacks 200 s including a plurality of battery cells 100.
- the cell stack 200 is configured by sandwiching a plurality of stacked sub cell stacks 200 s from both sides by two end plates 210 and 220 and fastening them by a fastening mechanism 230.
- the tightening mechanism 230 includes, for example, a tightening shaft 231, a nut (not shown) screwed to both ends of the tightening shaft 231, and a compression spring (not shown) interposed between the nut and the end plate 210. It consists of
- Each subcell stack 200s is formed by laminating a cell frame 120 including a bipolar plate 121 and a frame 122 holding the outer peripheral edge of the bipolar plate 121, a positive electrode 104, a diaphragm 101, and a negative electrode 105 in this order.
- a laminate is provided.
- one battery cell 100 is formed between the bipolar plates 121 of the adjacent cell frames 120.
- each subcell stack 200s includes a pair of current collecting plates disposed on both sides of the stacked body and a pair of supply / discharge plates 201 disposed on both sides of the pair of current collecting plates. The current collecting plate is electrically connected to the bipolar plate 121 located at both ends in the stacking direction of the stacked body.
- a supply pipe 202i connected to the supply flow path 108 (109) and a discharge pipe 202o connected to the discharge flow path 110 (111) are attached to each supply / discharge plate 201.
- Each electrolyte solution is circulated between the subcell stack 200s and the tanks 106 and 107 via the pipes 202i and 202o.
- the circulation of the electrolyte in the subcell stack 200s is performed by the liquid supply manifolds 123 and 124 formed in the frame 122 and the drainage manifolds 125 and 126.
- the positive electrode electrolyte is supplied from the liquid supply manifold 123 to the positive electrode 104 through a groove formed on one surface side (the front surface of the paper) of the frame 122, and the drainage manifold 125 through the groove formed on the upper portion of the frame 122. To be discharged.
- the negative electrode electrolyte is supplied from the liquid supply manifold 124 to the negative electrode 105 via a groove formed on the other surface side (the back side of the paper) of the frame 122, and via the groove formed on the upper portion of the frame 122. It is discharged to the drainage manifold 126.
- An annular seal member 127 such as an O-ring or a flat packing is disposed between the frames 122 to suppress leakage of the electrolytic solution from the subcell stack 200s.
- the RF battery 1 described above has the following effects. (1) By forming each flow path 31 to 35 of the heat exchanger 30 with the composite conduit 10 including the main body 11 and the oxygen barrier layer 12, the electrolyte flowing through the heat exchanger 30 is oxidized. It can cool well. Oxygen intrusion into the main body 11 can be suppressed by the oxygen barrier layer 12 on the outer periphery of the main body 11. Since the oxygen blocking layer 12 can suppress the intrusion of oxygen, the thickness of the main body 11 can be reduced, so that the heat dissipation of the electrolyte can be improved.
- both the main body part 11 and the oxygen barrier layer 12 constituting the composite conduit 10 are made of resin, the heat exchanger 30 and thus the cooling devices 20 and 21 can be reduced in weight.
- the thickness of the composite conduit 10 can be reduced, it contributes to weight reduction of the heat exchanger 30 (cooling devices 20 and 21).
- the oxygen barrier layer 12 does not corrode and the composite conduit 10 does not include a conductive member, so that the composite conduit 10 leaks. There is no problem of becoming a route.
- each circulation path (the flow paths 108 to 111) is configured by the composite conduit 10. can do.
- the connection part that connects the upstream discharge flow paths 110u and 111u and the inflow path 31 and the connection part that connects the downstream discharge flow paths 110d and 111d and the outflow path 35 are formed by fusing. can do.
- each circulation path and the heat exchanger are made of PVC resin. In the conventional case, generally, each circulation path and the heat exchanger are joined by an adhesive or mechanical joining (bolts and nuts).
- each circulation path and the heat exchanger 30 are comprised by the same composite conduit 10, and both can be joined by fusion
- each circulation path by constituting each circulation path with the composite conduit 10, it is possible to suppress oxidation of the electrolyte even when circulating through each circulation path.
- the electrolytic solution can be cooled in each circulation path, and the cooling performance of the electrolytic solution can be improved.
- joining each circulation path and each tank 106, 107 and joining each circulation path and the cell stack can be performed by fusion.
- the composite conduit 10 has a two-layer structure including a main body 11 and an oxygen barrier layer 12.
- the composite conduit may include a main body, an oxygen barrier layer, and a single layer or a multilayer protective layer formed on the outer periphery of the oxygen barrier layer.
- the protective layer can be made of the same resin as that of the main body described above, and is particularly preferably made of the same resin as that of the main body. Thereby, the electrolytic solution can be cooled well. Here, it is made of PE resin.
- the total thickness of the main body and the protective layer is preferably 1 mm or less, and more preferably 0.7 mm or less.
- the total thickness is preferably 0.5 mm or more.
- the total thickness of the composite conduit is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.7 mm or less.
- the composite conduit is preferably manufactured by coextrusion molding of the main body, the oxygen barrier layer and the protective layer.
- the oxygen barrier layer is protected by the protective layer on the outer periphery of the oxygen barrier layer, and the total thickness of the main body and the protective layer does not become thicker than that of the above-described two-layer structure.
- the electrolyte solution can be cooled well without degrading the heat dissipation of the solution.
- the mode in which the heat exchanger and the circulation path through which the electrolyte solution of the RF battery flows is provided with the composite conduit has been described.
- the corrosive liquid flow path other than the electrolyte solution of the RF battery may include a composite conduit.
- the corrosive liquid is a liquid that generates heat due to a chemical reaction, a battery reaction, or Joule heat generated by energization, and is a liquid that needs to dissipate heat during distribution.
- liquids that corrode metals such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid are included.
- a cooling region that is provided in at least a part of the flow path and cools the corrosive liquid can be configured by the composite conduit described above.
- the RF battery 1 includes a cell stack in which a plurality of subcell stacks including a plurality of battery cells are stacked.
- the RF battery 1 may be a single cell battery.
- stacked the several battery cell between one set of supply / discharge plate may be sufficient.
- the electrolyte circulation type battery according to one embodiment of the present invention is a new energy generation such as solar power generation, wind power generation, stabilization of fluctuations in power generation output, power storage when surplus generated power, load leveling, etc. It can utilize suitably for the use which aimed at.
- the electrolyte circulation type battery according to one aspect of the present invention can be suitably used as a large-capacity storage battery that is installed in a general power plant for the purpose of instantaneous voltage drop, power failure countermeasures, and load leveling. Can do.
- the heat exchanger which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention can be utilized suitably for the heat exchanger for chemical
- the piping according to one aspect of the present invention includes a heat exchanger according to one aspect of the present invention and an electrolyte circulation type battery according to one aspect of the present invention, such as a heat exchanger and circulation path of an RF battery, and a chemical liquid piping. It can utilize suitably for.
- Redox flow (RF) battery 10 Composite conduit DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Main-body part 12 Oxygen interruption
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Abstract
Description
最初に本発明の実施態様の内容を列記して説明する。
本発明の実施形態の詳細を、以下に図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。ここでは、電解液循環型電池としてレドックスフロー電池(RF電池)を例に説明する。
実施形態に係るRF電池は、図4を用いて説明した従来のRF電池と同様、電池セル100と、正極セル102にタンク106内の正極電解液を循環させる循環路(供給流路108、排出流路110)と、負極セル103にタンク107内の負極電解液を循環させる循環路(供給流路109、排出流路111)とを備える。各極電解液の循環は、各循環路の途中に設けたポンプ112,113により行う。実施形態に係るRF電池の主たる特徴とするところは、循環路が、特定の構造・材質の複合導管を備える点にある。即ち、実施形態1に係るRF電池は、循環路の構成が従来のRF電池とは異なるため、以下の実施形態ではその循環路の構成を中心に説明する。本形態は冷却装置を備え、冷却装置は循環路の途中に設けられる熱交換器を含む。熱交換器は、循環路の一部を構成する冷却領域を有する。熱交換器の冷却領域を上記複合導管で構成する。以下、まず複合導管の構成、その複合導管を備える熱交換器(冷却装置)の構成の順に説明し、その後、その他の構成を説明する。従来と同様の構成については、図4と同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
図1に示す複合導管10は、内部に後述する電解液が流通する。複合導管10は、樹脂で構成される管状の本体部11と、本体部11の外周に形成され、本体部11よりも酸素透過率の低い有機材料で構成される酸素遮断層12とを備える多層構造である。
本体部11は、内部に電解液が流通する流路を形成する。本体部11の構成樹脂は、電解液と反応せず、電解液に対する耐性に優れる樹脂が挙げられる。具体的な樹脂は、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエチレン(PE)、及びポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)などが挙げられ、中でもPEが好適に利用できる。通常、PE樹脂は従来一般的に使用されたPVC樹脂に比べて酸素透過率が高く内部に酸素を侵入させ易いが、後述する酸素遮断層12を備えることで本体部11の構成材料にPE樹脂を用いることができる。PE樹脂は、上述したその他の樹脂に比べて熱伝導率が高いため電解液を冷却し易い。また、曲げなどの加工性に優れるため、例えば、循環路の一部である熱交換器の長さ(以下、強制冷却長ということがある)を長くするために本体部11を蛇行させる場合、PVC樹脂に比べて全体のサイズを小さくできる。更に、PE樹脂は融着できるので、例えば、複合導管10同士の接合を融着することで行え、接着剤を不要にできる上に、接着剤の使用に伴う作業の煩雑さを解消できる。ここでは、本体部11はPE樹脂で構成している。
酸素遮断層12は、外部から本体部11内への酸素の侵入を抑制する。酸素遮断層12は、本体部11の全長に亘ってその外周を覆う。酸素遮断層12の形状は、本体部11の外面形状に応じた形状であり、例えば、本体部11が円筒管の場合、酸素遮断層12の形状も円筒状である。
図2、4に示す冷却装置20、21は、各極電解液の熱を奪うことでその電解液を冷却する。冷却装置20、21は、各極の循環路の途中に設けられて循環路の一部を構成する冷却領域を有する熱交換器30と、熱交換器30を強制冷却する強制冷却機構とを備える。本形態では、上述したように熱交換器30を上述の複合導管10で構成する。
熱交換器30は、循環路内の電解液が冷却される。ここでの冷却は、自然放冷による冷却でもよいが、後述する強制冷却機構による強制冷却とすることで、電解液を良好に冷却できる。熱交換器30の設置箇所は、供給流路108、109の途中、又は排出流路110、111の途中のいずれでもよいが、排出流路110、111の途中とすることが好ましい。各極電解液は、電池反応に伴い発熱する。そのため、熱交換器30の設置箇所を排出流路110、111の途中とすることで、電解液を良好に冷却できる。ここでは、熱交換器30の設置箇所を排出流路110、111の途中としている。
強制冷却機構は、冷却水で冷却する水冷式や、送風を行う空冷式が挙げられる。水冷式の場合、熱交換器30を容器内に収納し、容器内に冷却水を供給(循環)することが挙げられる。この場合、冷却水で外部からの酸素の侵入を抑制できて好ましいが、冷却水中に酸素が溶存する場合がある。熱交換器30を上述の複合導管10で構成しているため、冷却水中に溶存する酸素の侵入をも抑制できる。一方、空冷式の場合、ファン40を設けることが挙げられる。この場合、冷却水自体が不要であることは勿論、冷却水を供給(循環)するポンプや冷却水の冷却機などの部材が不要であるため、水冷式に比べて強制冷却機構を小型化かつ簡略化できる。ここでは、強制冷却機構はファン40で構成している。
各極電解液は共に、ここでは図4に示すようにバナジウムイオン水溶液を用いているが、電解液はバナジウムイオン水溶液に限定されるわけではない。例えば、各極電解液の組み合わせとしては以下が挙げられる。(1)正極電解液は、マンガンイオンを含有し、負極電解液は、チタンイオン、バナジウムイオン、クロムイオン、亜鉛イオン、及びスズイオンから選択される少なくとも一種の金属イオンを含有する。(2)正極電解液は、マンガンイオン及びチタンイオンの双方を含有し、負極電解液は、チタンイオン、バナジウムイオン、クロムイオン、亜鉛イオン、及びスズイオンから選択される少なくとも一種の金属イオンを含有する。(3)正極電解液及び負極電解液は、マンガンイオン及びチタンイオンの双方を含有する。(4)正極電解液は、鉄イオンを含有し、負極電解液は、チタンイオン、バナジウムイオン、クロムイオン、亜鉛イオン、及びスズイオンから選択される少なくとも一種の金属イオンを含有する。
RF電池1は、図3に示すように、電池セル100を複数備えるサブセルスタック200sを複数積層して構成するセルスタック200を備える。セルスタック200は、積層された複数のサブセルスタック200sをその両側から2枚のエンドプレート210、220で挟み込んで締付機構230により締め付けて構成される。締付機構230は、例えば、締付軸231と、締付軸231の両端に螺合されるナット(図示略)と、ナットとエンドプレート210の間に介在される圧縮バネ(図示略)とで構成されている。
上述したRF電池1によれば、以下の効果を奏する。
(1)熱交換器30の各流路31~35を、本体部11と酸素遮断層12とを備える複合導管10で構成することで、熱交換器30内を流通する電解液を酸化させることなく良好に冷却できる。本体部11の外周の酸素遮断層12により本体部11内への酸素の侵入を抑制できる。この酸素遮断層12により酸素の侵入を抑制できることで本体部11の厚みを薄くできるため、電解液の放熱性を高められる。従って、電解液の酸化による電解液の有効量の減少を抑制でき、電池の放電容量の低下や電池効率の低下などを抑制できる。
(2)複合導管10を構成する本体部11と酸素遮断層12との両方を樹脂で構成されるため、熱交換器30、ひいては冷却装置20,21を軽量化できる。特に、複合導管10の厚みを薄くできるので熱交換器30(冷却装置20、21)の軽量化に寄与する。また、万一複合導管10同士の連結部39から電解液が漏れても、酸素遮断層12が腐食することがない上に、複合導管10が導電性部材を備えていないので複合導管10が漏電経路となる等の問題がない。
実施形態2として、実施形態1の構成(冷却装置20、21の熱交換器30を複合導管10で形成すること)に加えて、各循環路(流路108~111)を複合導管10で構成することができる。この場合、上流側排出流路110u、111uと流入路31とを連結する連結部と、下流側排出流路110d、111dと流出路35とを連結する連結部とはそれぞれ、融着して形成することができる。上述したように、従来は各循環路と熱交換器とをPVC樹脂で構成している。従来の場合、一般的には、各循環路と熱交換器との接合は接着剤で行ったり機械的接合(ボルトやナット)で行ったりしていた。これに対して本形態によれば、各循環路と熱交換器30とを同じ複合導管10で構成することで、両者の接合を融着により行える。そのため、接着剤やボルト及びナットなど不要にできる上に、それらの使用に伴う接続作業の煩雑さを解消できる。
実施形態1、2では、複合導管10を本体部11と酸素遮断層12との2層構造で構成した。実施形態3として、複合導管が本体部と酸素遮断層と酸素遮断層の外周に形成される単層または多層の保護層とを備える形態とすることができる。酸素遮断層の外周に保護層を備えることで、酸素遮断層を機械的に保護できる。保護層は、上述した本体部と同様の樹脂で構成することができ、特に本体部と同じ樹脂で構成することが好ましい。それにより、電解液を良好に冷却できる。ここでは、PE樹脂で構成する。本体部と保護層との合計厚みは、1mm以下とすることが好ましく、更に0.7mm以下とすることが好ましい。上記合計厚みは、0.5mm以上とすることが好ましい。そして、複合導管全体の厚みを1mm以下、更に0.7mm以下とすることが好ましい。この複合導管の製造は、本体部と酸素遮断層と保護層の3層の同時押出成形が好適である。
実施形態1~3では、RF電池の電解液が流通する熱交換器や循環路が複合導管を備える形態を説明した。実施形態4として、RF電池の電解液以外の腐食性液体の流路が複合導管を備える形態とすることができる。腐食性液体は、化学反応、電池反応、或いは通電によるジュール熱などによって発熱する液体であり、流通中に放熱が必要な液体である。特に、硫酸、硝酸、及び塩酸などの金属を腐食させる液体が含まれる。このような腐食性液体が流通する熱交換器の流路のうち、流路の少なくとも一部に設けられて腐食性液体を冷却する冷却領域を上述の複合導管で構成することができる。
10 複合導管
11 本体部 12 酸素遮断層
20、21 冷却装置
30 熱交換器
31 流入路 32 中継路 33 分岐路 34 集約路 35 流出路
39 連結部
40 ファン
100 電池セル
101 隔膜 102 正極セル 103 負極セル
104 正極電極 105 負極電極
106 正極電解液タンク 107 負極電解液タンク
108、109 供給流路
110、111 排出流路
110u、111u 上流側排出流路 110d、111d 下流側排出流路
112、113 ポンプ
114、115 冷却装置
120 セルフレーム 121 双極板 122 フレーム
123、124 給液マニホールド 125、126 排液マニホールド
127 シール部材
200 セルスタック 200s サブセルスタック
201 給排板 202i 供給パイプ 202o 排出パイプ
210、220 エンドプレート
230 締付機構
231 締付軸
Claims (8)
- 電池セルと、前記電池セルに電解液を循環する循環路とを備える電解液循環型電池であって、
前記循環路が複合導管を備え、前記複合導管は、
樹脂で構成される管状の本体部と、前記本体部の外周に形成され、前記本体部よりも酸素透過率の低い有機材料で構成される酸素遮断層とを有する電解液循環型電池。 - 前記循環路の途中に設けられる熱交換器をさらに備え、
前記熱交換器は、前記循環路の一部を形成して前記循環路内の前記電解液を冷却する冷却領域を有し、
前記冷却領域が、前記複合導管で構成されている請求項1に記載の電解液循環型電池。 - 前記本体部が、ポリエチレン樹脂で構成され、
前記酸素遮断層が、エチレン‐ビニルアルコール共重合樹脂で構成される請求項1又は請求項2に記載の電解液循環型電池。 - 前記本体部の厚みが、1mm以下である請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の電解液循環型電池。
- 前記循環路は、
複数の前記複合導管と、
前記複合導管同士を連結する連結部とを備え、
前記連結部は、前記複合導管同士を融着して形成される請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の電解液循環型電池。 - 前記熱交換器を空冷するファンを備える請求項2に記載の電解液循環型電池。
- 腐食性液体が流通する流路を備え、前記流路の少なくとも一部に前記腐食性液体を冷却する冷却領域を備える熱交換器であって、
前記冷却領域は複合導管を備え、前記複合導管は、
樹脂で構成される管状の本体部と、前記本体部の外周に形成され、前記本体部よりも酸素透過率の低い有機材料で構成される酸素遮断層とを有する熱交換器。 - 腐食性液体が内部に流通する配管であって、
樹脂で構成される管状の本体部と、
前記本体部の外周に形成され、前記本体部よりも酸素透過率の低い有機材料で構成される酸素遮断層とを備える配管。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/119,445 US10249891B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-10-24 | Electrolyte-circulating battery |
ES14885479T ES2714510T3 (es) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-10-24 | Batería de circulación de electrolito |
AU2014385962A AU2014385962B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-10-24 | Electrolyte-circulating battery, heat exchanger, and pipe |
EP14885479.7A EP3118923B1 (en) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-10-24 | Electrolyte-circulating battery |
CN201480076885.1A CN106104890B (zh) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-10-24 | 电解液循环型电池、热交换器及配管 |
KR1020167022039A KR102325922B1 (ko) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-10-24 | 전해액 순환형 전지, 열교환기, 및 배관 |
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FR3057709B1 (fr) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-11-23 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Batterie a flux redox comportant un systeme de reduction des courants de derivation |
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CN112512424B (zh) | 2018-08-07 | 2023-07-04 | 美国西门子医疗***股份有限公司 | 多模态康普顿和单光子发射计算机断层摄影医学成像*** |
US11450863B2 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2022-09-20 | Stryten Critical E-Storage Llc | Co-molded components of a redox flow battery stack |
JP7281094B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-14 | 2023-05-25 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 双極板、セルフレーム、セルスタック、およびレドックスフロー電池 |
CN112687912B (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-01-14 | 湖南钒谷新能源技术有限公司 | 液流电池换热装置及安装换热装置的方法 |
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TW201535830A (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
JP2015173038A (ja) | 2015-10-01 |
EP3118923A1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
EP3118923A4 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
CN106104890B (zh) | 2021-03-30 |
CN106104890A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
US10249891B2 (en) | 2019-04-02 |
ES2714510T3 (es) | 2019-05-28 |
KR102325922B1 (ko) | 2021-11-12 |
EP3118923B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
AU2014385962B2 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
TWI620363B (zh) | 2018-04-01 |
US20170012308A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
JP6410127B2 (ja) | 2018-10-24 |
KR20160132378A (ko) | 2016-11-18 |
AU2014385962A1 (en) | 2016-08-18 |
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