WO2015133255A1 - 密封装置 - Google Patents
密封装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015133255A1 WO2015133255A1 PCT/JP2015/054158 JP2015054158W WO2015133255A1 WO 2015133255 A1 WO2015133255 A1 WO 2015133255A1 JP 2015054158 W JP2015054158 W JP 2015054158W WO 2015133255 A1 WO2015133255 A1 WO 2015133255A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- annular protrusion
- annular
- main lip
- peripheral surface
- sliding contact
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/002—Sealings comprising at least two sealings in succession
- F16J15/008—Sealings comprising at least two sealings in succession with provision to put out of action at least one sealing; One sealing sealing only on standstill; Emergency or servicing sealings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3204—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
- F16J15/3232—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/91—O-ring seal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sealing device for partitioning an annular space between a rotating shaft and a housing surrounding the rotating shaft into an atmospheric pressure space and a vacuum space, for example.
- a rotational shaft for transmitting a rotational force is sometimes projected from the inside of the vacuum vessel to the outside in order to give a rotational force to equipment in the vacuum vessel that is a vacuum space.
- the atmosphere is prevented from leaking into the vacuum vessel from the annular space between the rotary shaft and a through-hole for inserting the rotary shaft provided in the vacuum vessel, and the vacuum state is maintained.
- a sealing device is mounted in the annular space (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a sealing lip of the sealing device that is in sliding contact with the rotating shaft and seals the inside and outside of the vacuum vessel is rotated by a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vacuum vessel in addition to a preliminarily provided fastening allowance. It may be pressed excessively against the shaft. When the seal lip is excessively pressed against the rotating shaft in this way, the wear of the seal lip is promoted, and the sealing performance by the sealing device is deteriorated at an early stage, which may significantly reduce the life of the sealing device. There is.
- This invention is made
- the present invention provides an annular space formed between a rotating shaft and a housing surrounding the rotating shaft, in a low pressure space in the axial direction, and a high pressure higher than that of the low pressure space.
- a sealing device for partitioning into a space wherein the sealing device is formed of an elastic material, and includes an annular seal portion that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft, and an outer periphery of the rotary shaft is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the seal portion.
- a main lip that is in sliding contact with the surface, and an inclined surface that extends from the main lip toward the low-pressure space side and gradually increases in diameter toward the low-pressure space side.
- a second annular protrusion protruding in the The second annular protrusion is formed so that the main lip is not slidably contacted with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft when the sealing device is in an initial state of use, and the necessary sealing performance cannot be maintained by using the sealing device. And when the said 1st annular protrusion wears, it is formed so that the sliding contact with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the said rotating shaft may be started.
- the main lip and the first annular protrusion ensure the necessary sealing performance. After that, even if the sealing device is used and the main lip and the first annular protrusion are worn to such an extent that the required sealing performance cannot be maintained due to the sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, the second annular protrusion is attached to the rotating shaft. Since the sliding contact is started with respect to the outer peripheral surface, the second annular protrusion can be newly contributed to ensuring the sealing performance, and the necessary sealing performance can be maintained.
- the sealing device of the present invention even if it becomes difficult to maintain the sealing performance required for the main lip and the first annular protrusion due to wear due to use, the second annular which has not been in sliding contact until then.
- the sealing performance required as a sealing device can be maintained by newly bringing the protrusion into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. As a result, the sealing performance can be maintained over a long period.
- the sealing device it is preferable that a plurality of the second annular protrusions are formed.
- the plurality of second annular protrusions are arranged in the plurality of second annular protrusions according to the wear amount.
- the sliding contact is started in order from the second annular projection close to the main lip.
- the plurality of second annular protrusions start sliding contact in order according to the wear amount of the main lip and the first annular protrusion, the wear of the main lip and the first annular protrusion proceeds. Thereafter, even if the second annular protrusion that has started sliding contact starts to wear, the second annular protrusion newly starts sliding contact sequentially. Thereby, sealing performance can be maintained over a longer period.
- a third annular contact between the main lip and the second annular protrusion is slidably contacted with an outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft in an initial use state between the main lip and the second annular protrusion.
- a protrusion may be further formed.
- the low pressure space and the high pressure space can be partitioned in multiple stages by the main lip, the first annular protrusion, and the third annular protrusion, respectively, in the initial state of use of the sealing device. Thereby, even if a pressure leak occurs from the high-pressure space side, it can be reduced in stages. Therefore, the sealing performance in the initial stage of use until the second annular protrusion starts sliding contact can be maintained for a long period of time.
- the sealing performance can be maintained for a long time.
- FIG. It is sectional drawing of the sealing device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing to which the principal part of the seal part was expanded in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the main lip when a rotating shaft is inserted in the inner peripheral side of a sealing device, (a) is a use initial state of a sealing device, (b) is a main lip as a result of using a sealing device. The 1st annular projection and the 3rd annular projection have shown the state where it was worn. It is sectional drawing of the main lip which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, and has shown the use initial state of the sealing device 1. FIG. It is sectional drawing of the main lip which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the sealing device 1 is attached to a vacuum container (not shown) whose inside is a vacuum environment.
- an annular space T formed between the rotation shaft S and the housing H surrounding the rotation shaft S is an atmospheric pressure space A (high-pressure space, left side of FIG. 1 in FIG. 1) in the axial direction.
- a vacuum space V (low pressure space, right side in FIG. 1) in a sealed state.
- the vacuum space V is maintained at a high vacuum of 10 ⁇ 3 Pa (absolute pressure) or less.
- the rotation axis S is a rotation transmission shaft for applying a rotational force to the equipment installed in the vacuum vessel.
- the rotation shaft S is inserted into a cylindrical housing H provided in the vacuum vessel and communicating between the inside and the outside of the vacuum vessel, so that the vacuum space V inside the vacuum vessel is changed to the atmospheric pressure space A outside. Projected toward.
- the sealing device 1 partitions the annular space T in the axial direction so that the rotation shaft S can rotate.
- the sealing device 1 includes a metal cored bar 2 and a seal member 3 made of an elastic material such as fluororubber formed on the cored bar 2 by vulcanization adhesion.
- the core metal 2 is formed in an annular shape by pressing a steel plate such as SPCC.
- the cored bar 2 has a cylindrical cylindrical portion 2a and an annular portion 2b formed by bending an end portion on one axial side of the cylindrical portion 2a inward in the radial direction.
- the cored bar 2 has an L-shaped cross section.
- the seal member 3 is bonded to the end surface on the atmospheric pressure space A side from the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2a, along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2a, and along the side surface on the atmospheric pressure space A side of the annular portion 2b.
- the main body portion 4, the seal portion 5 extending from the inner peripheral end of the annular portion 2 b, and the auxiliary lip 7 extending from the inner peripheral end of the annular portion 2 b are also included.
- the cored bar 2 is press-fitted into the housing H via the main body 4.
- the sealing device 1 is fixed to the housing H.
- the auxiliary lip 7 extends toward the vacuum space V with the inner peripheral end of the annular portion 2b as a base end, and protrudes radially inward to be in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotary shaft S.
- the seal portion 5 is an annular member extending toward the atmospheric pressure space A with the inner peripheral end of the annular portion 2b as a base end.
- a garter spring 8 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface side of the seal portion 5, to enhance the sealing performance by tightening and pressing the seal portion 5 radially inward.
- the seal portion 5 seals between the two spaces so that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure space A does not leak into the vacuum space V from between the rotation shaft S and the housing H by slidingly contacting the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S. is doing.
- the inner peripheral surface of the seal portion 5 has a main lip 10 that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S, and extends from the main lip 10 toward the vacuum space V side and gradually expands toward the vacuum space V side.
- FIG. 1 shows the seal portion 5 in a free state.
- the end portion on the atmospheric pressure space A side of the seal portion 5 swings radially outward, and the end portion on the atmospheric pressure space A side and the main portion
- the lip 10 is elastically deformed so as to slightly expand its diameter.
- the main lip 10 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotary shaft S in a state where it is elastically deformed so as to slightly expand its diameter.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the seal portion 5 in FIG. FIG. 2 shows the seal portion 5 in a free state.
- the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 of the seal portion 5 is formed on a conical inner peripheral surface in which an inclination angle d with respect to the axial direction is set in a range of 10 to 20 degrees, for example.
- the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 is formed with a first annular protrusion 20 protruding radially inward from the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11.
- a second annular protrusion 21 is formed between the main lip 10 and the first annular protrusion 20 so as to project radially inward from the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 in the same manner as the first annular protrusion 20.
- a third annular protrusion 22 is formed between the main lip 10 and the second annular protrusion 21 so as to protrude radially inward from the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11.
- Each annular protrusion 20 to 22 has a tip formed in a circular arc shape in cross section.
- the second annular protrusion 21 and the third annular protrusion 22 are formed to have the same protrusion dimension t1 with respect to the vacuum space side inclined surface 11 as a reference.
- the first annular protrusion 20 is formed so that the protrusion dimension t2 is larger than the protrusion dimension t1 of the second annular protrusion 21 and the third annular protrusion 22 (for example, about 2 to 3 times t1). ing.
- the protrusion dimension t2 of the first annular protrusion 20 is, as will be described later, the tip when the rotary shaft S is inserted into the sealing device 1 and the main lip 10 (and the third annular protrusion 22) is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1. Is set to a value in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1.
- the protrusion dimension t1 of the second annular protrusion 21 is not in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S when the sealing device 1 is in an initial use state, and the main lip 10 and the first annular protrusion 20 are worn by use.
- the value for starting sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S is set.
- the initial state of use of the sealing device 1 is a state in which the unused sealing device 1 is fixed to the housing H, and immediately after the use is started, the main lip 10 and the first annular protrusion 20 are not worn. Say.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main lip 10 when the rotary shaft S is inserted on the inner peripheral side of the sealing device 1.
- FIG. 3A shows the initial state of use of the sealing device 1.
- the rotation shaft S is inserted on the inner peripheral surface side of the seal portion 5
- the end portion on the atmospheric pressure space A side is in the radial direction with the end portion on the vacuum space V side serving as a fulcrum. Swings outward.
- the main lip 10 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S in a state where the main lip 10 is elastically deformed so as to slightly expand its diameter.
- the inclination angle d (FIG.
- the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 becomes smaller as the end of the seal portion 5 on the atmospheric pressure space A side swings radially outward. Thereby, the vacuum space side inclined surface 11 approaches the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S. Thereby, the tip of the first annular protrusion 20 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S. That is, the first annular protrusion 20 is formed such that the tip of the first annular protrusion 20 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 in a state where the main lip 10 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S.
- the third annular protrusion 22 is also formed so that the tip of the third annular protrusion 22 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 in a state where the main lip 10 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S.
- each of the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 when the seal portion 5 is in a free state is formed to a predetermined dimension that is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft S.
- the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 formed in the above dimensions are expanded in diameter when the rotary shaft S is inserted and the seal portion 5 is elastically deformed as described above. S is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1.
- the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 are set with a predetermined allowance for the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S.
- the second annular protrusion 21 has an inner diameter when the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 are brought into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S. It is formed to be larger than S1. For this reason, in FIG. 3A, the second annular protrusion 21 is not in contact with the outer peripheral surface S ⁇ b> 1 of the rotation shaft S. As described above, when the sealing device 1 is in an initial use state and the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 are not so worn, the second annular protrusion 21 has a rotational axis. The outer circumferential surface S1 of S is formed so as not to slide.
- the sealing device 1 when the sealing device 1 is in an initial state of use, the sealing device 1 seals between the atmospheric pressure space A and the vacuum space V by the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22. .
- the sealing device 1 continues to be used in the state of FIG. 3A, the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 are gradually worn by sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S. Progresses. As the wear of the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 progresses, the contact surface increases due to wear, and the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 The preset tightening margin is reduced by wear, and the surface pressure of the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 against the outer peripheral surface S1 is also reduced. As a result, the sealing performance of the sealing device 1 gradually decreases as the wear progresses.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the main lip 10 when the rotary shaft S is inserted on the inner peripheral side of the sealing device 1.
- the main lip 10 A state where the first annular protrusion 20 and the third annular protrusion 22 are worn is shown.
- the projecting dimensions of the first annular projection 20 and the third annular projection 22 projecting from the inclined surface 11 on the vacuum space side are relatively relative to the second annular projection 21 due to wear. is decreasing.
- the second annular protrusion 21 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S.
- the protrusion dimension of the second annular protrusion 21 with respect to the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 is: The value is set to be in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S.
- the second annular protrusion 21 does not slide in contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S when the sealing device 1 is in an initial state of use, and thereafter, the main lip 10 and the first lip 10 cannot be maintained.
- the annular protrusion 20 and the third annular protrusion 22 are worn, the sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S is started.
- the vacuum space V and the atmospheric pressure space A are divided into four portions of the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, the third annular protrusion 22, and the second annular protrusion 21.
- the space can be divided into multiple stages (four stages).
- the protrusion dimension of the second annular protrusion 21 with respect to the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 is the same protrusion dimension t1 as that of the third annular protrusion 22 as described above. Further, when the second annular protrusion 21 is not slidably contacted with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S when the sealing device 1 is in an initial use state, and then the above-described parts are worn to such an extent that the necessary sealing performance cannot be maintained, The dimensions of each part including the setting of the protrusion dimension t2 of the first annular protrusion 20 are set so as to start sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S.
- the sealing device 1 configured as described above, when the sealing device 1 is in an initial state of use, the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 ensure the necessary sealing performance. After that, the sealing device 1 is used, and the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20 and the third annular protrusion 22 are in contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S so that the necessary sealing performance cannot be maintained. Even if it does, since the 2nd annular protrusion 21 starts sliding contact with respect to the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S, the 2nd annular protrusion can be newly contributed to ensuring sealing performance, and required sealing performance is maintained. can do.
- the sealing device 1 of the present invention even if it becomes difficult to maintain the necessary sealing performance with the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 due to wear due to use, By newly bringing the second annular protrusion 21 that has not been in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S, the sealing performance required for the sealing device 1 can be maintained. As a result, the sealing performance can be maintained over a long period.
- the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 is slid on the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotary shaft S between the main lip 10 and the second annular protrusion 21 in the initial state of use of the sealing device 1. Since the third annular protrusion 22 that is in contact is formed, the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22 respectively provide a space between the vacuum space V and the atmospheric pressure space A when the sealing device 1 is in an initial use state. Can be divided into multiple stages (three stages). Thereby, even if a pressure leak arises from the atmospheric pressure space A side, it can reduce in steps. As a result, the sealing performance in the initial use state until the second annular protrusion 21 starts sliding contact can be maintained over a long period of time.
- each of the annular protrusions 20 to 22 forms a plurality of annular spaces between the adjacent annular protrusions or the main lip 10.
- the lubricant supplied between the main lip 10 and the rotating shaft S can be retained in these annular spaces. That is, when the sealing device 1 is in an initial state of use, a plurality of annular spaces can be formed by the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22, and these annular spaces can function as an oil reservoir. .
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main lip 10 according to another embodiment of the present invention, and shows the initial state of use of the sealing device 1.
- the main lip 10 of this embodiment is different from the above embodiment in that a plurality of (two in the figure) second annular protrusions 21 are formed.
- the plurality of second annular protrusions 21a are not in contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S.
- the second annular protrusion 21a on the main lip 10 side has an inner diameter smaller than that of the second annular protrusion 21b on the first annular protrusion 20 side when the main lip 10 and the first annular protrusion 20 are in sliding contact with the rotation axis S. It is formed to become. For this reason, when the sealing device 1 is used and the wear progresses as the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20 and the third annular protrusion 22 are in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotating shaft S, first, the main lip The second annular protrusion 21a on the 10 side starts sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S. Thereafter, when the wear of each part further proceeds by use and the amount of wear further increases, the second annular protrusion 21b on the first annular protrusion 20 side starts sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S.
- the plurality of second annular protrusions 21a and 21b are formed according to the wear amount of the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22. 21b, the second annular projection 21a closer to the main lip 10 closer to the main lip 10 is formed so as to start sliding contact in order.
- the projecting dimensions of the second annular protrusions 21a and 21b with respect to the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 are the same projecting dimensions t1 (FIG. 2) as the third annular protrusion 22 respectively.
- the second annular protrusions 21a and 21b are formed along the vacuum space-side inclined surface 11 that gradually increases in diameter toward the vacuum space V side.
- the plurality of second annular protrusions 21a and 21b sequentially start sliding contact in accordance with the wear amount of the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22, so that the main lip 10, even if wear of the first annular protrusion 20 and the third annular protrusion 22 progresses, and then the second annular protrusion 21 a that started sliding contact wears, the second annular protrusion 21 b is newly slid sequentially. To start. Thereby, the sealing performance can be maintained for a longer period.
- the case where two second annular protrusions 21 are provided is shown, but a larger number of second annular protrusions 21 may be provided.
- the plurality of second annular protrusions 21 a and 21 b are formed according to the wear amount of the main lip 10, the first annular protrusion 20, and the third annular protrusion 22. Among them, the inner diameter dimension when the main lip 10 and the first annular protrusion 20 are brought into sliding contact with the rotation axis S so as to start sliding contact in order from the second annular protrusion 21a on the main lip 10 side closer to the main lip 10 is.
- the plurality of second annular protrusions 21a and 21b may be formed so that the inner diameter dimensions are the same when the main lip 10 and the first annular protrusion 20 are brought into sliding contact with the rotation axis S.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the case where the third annular protrusion 22 is formed between the main lip 10 and the second annular protrusion 21 is exemplified.
- the second annular protrusion 21 may be formed between the first annular protrusion 20 and the first annular protrusion 20.
- the second annular protrusion 21 that has not been in sliding contact with the main lip 10 and the first annular protrusion 20 is placed on the outer peripheral surface S1 of the rotation shaft S. It is possible to maintain the necessary sealing performance by newly bringing it into sliding contact, and it is possible to maintain the sealing performance over a long period of time.
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Abstract
Description
この場合、前記回転軸と、前記真空容器に設けられた前記回転軸を挿通するための貫通孔との間の環状空間から前記真空容器内に大気がリークするのを防止して真空状態を維持するために、前記環状空間には密封装置が装着される(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
このように、本発明の密封装置によれば、使用による摩耗によって、主リップ及び第1環状突起では必要な密封性の維持が困難になったとしても、それまで摺接していなかった第2環状突起を回転軸の外周面に新たに摺接させることで密封装置として必要な密封性を維持することができる。その結果、長期に亘って密封性を維持することができる。
この場合、主リップ及び第1環状突起の摩耗量に応じて、複数の第2環状突起が順に摺接を開始するので、主リップ及び前記第1環状突起の摩耗が進行する。その後、摺接を開始した第2環状突起が摩耗し始めたとしても、順次、新たに第2環状突起が摺接を開始する。これにより、より長期に亘って密封性を維持することができる。
この場合、密封装置が使用初期の状態において、主リップ、第1環状突起、及び第3環状突起それぞれによって低圧空間と高圧空間との間を多段階に仕切ることができる。これにより、高圧空間側から圧力リークが生じたとしても、段階的に低減することができる。よって、第2環状突起が摺接を開始するまでの使用初期の状態における密封性を長期間に亘って維持することができる。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る密封装置の断面図である。この密封装置1は、内部が真空環境とされる真空容器(図示せず)に装着されるものである。密封装置1は、回転軸Sと、回転軸Sを包囲しているハウジングHとの間に形成された環状空間Tを、軸方向において大気圧空間A(高圧空間,図1中、紙面左側)と、真空空間V(低圧空間,図1中、紙面右側)とに密封状態で仕切るために用いられている。
なお、本実施形態では、真空空間Vは、10-3Pa(絶対圧力)以下の高真空に維持されている。
芯金2は、SPCC等の鋼板をプレス加工することによって環状に形成されている。芯金2は、円筒状の円筒部2aと、円筒部2aの軸方向一方側の端部を径方向内側に折り曲げて形成された環状部2bとを有している。芯金2は、断面L字形に形成されている。
芯金2は、本体部4を介してハウジングHに圧入嵌合されている。これによって、密封装置1は、ハウジングHに固定されている。
シール部5は、環状部2bの内周端を基端として大気圧空間A側に延びている環状の部材である。
シール部5の外周面側には、当該シール部5を径方向内側に締め付けて押圧することで密封性を高めるためのガータスプリング8が装着されている。
シール部5の内周面には、回転軸Sの外周面S1に摺接する主リップ10と、主リップ10から真空空間V側に向かって延びているとともに、真空空間V側に向かって漸次拡径している真空空間側傾斜面11と、主リップ10から大気圧空間A側に向かって延びているとともに、大気圧空間A側に向かって漸次拡径している大気空間側傾斜面12とが形成されている。よって、主リップ10は、真空空間側傾斜面11と大気空間側傾斜面12とが交差する頂点により構成されており、断面山形に形成されている。
シール部5は、内周側に回転軸Sが挿入されると、当該シール部5の大気圧空間A側の端部が径方向外側に揺動し、大気圧空間A側の端部及び主リップ10がわずかに拡径するように弾性変形する。主リップ10は、わずかに拡径するように弾性変形した状態で回転軸Sの外周面S1に摺接する。
シール部5の真空空間側傾斜面11は、軸方向に対する傾斜角度dが、例えば10~20度の範囲に設定された円すい状の内周面に形成されている。
真空空間側傾斜面11には、当該真空空間側傾斜面11から径方向内側に突設した第1環状突起20が形成されている。
さらに、主リップ10と第2環状突起21との間には、真空空間側傾斜面11から径方向内側に突設した第3環状突起22が形成されている。
各環状突起20~22は、その先端が断面円弧形状に形成されている。
また、第1環状突起20は、その突出寸法t2が第2環状突起21及び第3環状突起22の突出寸法t1よりも大きい値(例えば、t1の2~3倍程度)となるように形成されている。
第1環状突起20の突出寸法t2は、後述するように、密封装置1に回転軸Sが挿入され、主リップ10(及び第3環状突起22)が外周面S1に摺接したときにその先端が外周面S1に摺接する値に設定されている。
なお、密封装置1における使用初期の状態とは、未使用の密封装置1をハウジングHに固定し、使用を開始した直後であって主リップ10や第1環状突起20に摩耗が見られない状態をいう。
上述したように、シール部5の内周面側に回転軸Sが挿入されると、当該シール部5は真空空間V側の端部を支点として、大気圧空間A側の端部が径方向外側に揺動する。また、主リップ10は、わずかに拡径するように弾性変形した状態で、回転軸Sの外周面S1に摺接する。
また、真空空間側傾斜面11の傾斜角度d(図2)は、シール部5の大気圧空間A側の端部が径方向外側に揺動することで小さくなる。これにより、真空空間側傾斜面11が回転軸Sの外周面S1に接近する。これによって、第1環状突起20は、その先端が回転軸Sの外周面S1に摺接する。つまり、第1環状突起20は、主リップ10が回転軸Sの外周面S1に摺接した状態で、その先端が外周面S1に摺接するよう形成されている。
上記寸法に形成されている主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22は、上述のように回転軸Sが挿入されシール部5が弾性変形することによって拡径し、回転軸Sの外周面S1に摺接する。これによって、主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22には、回転軸Sの外周面S1に対して所定の締め代が設定されている。
このため、図3(a)において、第2環状突起21は、回転軸Sの外周面S1に接触していない。このように、密封装置1が使用初期の状態であって主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22にあまり摩耗が生じていない状態において、第2環状突起21は、回転軸Sの外周面S1には摺接しないように形成されている。
主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22の摩耗が進行すると、摩耗によって接触面が増加することに加え、主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22に予め設定されていた締め代が摩耗によって減少し、主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22の外周面S1に対する面圧も低下する。この結果、密封装置1の密封性は摩耗の進行に従って徐々に低下する。
第2環状突起21の真空空間側傾斜面11に対する突出寸法は、密封装置1として必要な密封性が維持できない程度に主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22が摩耗すると、回転軸Sの外周面S1に対して摺接する値に設定されている。
このように、本発明の密封装置1によれば、使用による摩耗によって、主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22では必要な密封性の維持が困難になったとしても、それまで摺接していなかった第2環状突起21を回転軸Sの外周面S1に新たに摺接させることで密封装置1として必要な密封性を維持することができる。その結果、長期に亘って密封性を維持することができる。
これにより、主リップ10と回転軸Sの外周面S1との間の摩擦力を低減することができ、スティックスリップを抑制することができるとともに、摩擦に伴う摩耗を低減でき、さらに長期に亘って密封性を維持することができる。
本実施形態の主リップ10は、第2環状突起21が複数(図例では2つ)形成されている点において、上記実施形態と相違している。
図においては、密封装置1が使用初期の状態を示しているため、複数の第2環状突起21aは、回転軸Sの外周面S1に接触していない。
このため、密封装置1が使用され、主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22が回転軸Sの外周面S1に対して摺接することで摩耗が進行すると、まず、主リップ10側の第2環状突起21aが回転軸Sの外周面S1に対して摺接を開始する。
その後、各部の摩耗が使用によってさらに進行しその摩耗量がさらに増加すると、第1環状突起20側の第2環状突起21bが回転軸Sの外周面S1に対して摺接を開始する。
第2環状突起21a、21bは、真空空間V側に向かって漸次拡径している真空空間側傾斜面11に沿って形成されている。第2環状突起21a、21bを互いに同じ突出寸法t1とすることによって、主リップ10側の第2環状突起21aは、主リップ10及び第1環状突起20を回転軸Sに摺接させたときの内径寸法が第1環状突起20側の第2環状突起21bよりも小さくなるように形成されている。
さらに、本実施形態では、複数の第2環状突起21a、21bは、主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22の摩耗量に応じて、複数の第2環状突起21a、21bの内、主リップ10により近い主リップ10側の第2環状突起21aから順に摺接を開始させるべく、主リップ10及び第1環状突起20を回転軸Sに摺接させたときの内径寸法が第1環状突起20側の第2環状突起21bよりも小さくなるように形成した場合を示した。しかし、例えば、複数の第2環状突起21a、21bは、主リップ10及び第1環状突起20を回転軸Sに摺接させたときの内径寸法が同じとなるように形成してもよい。
この場合も、主リップ10、第1環状突起20、及び第3環状突起22が摩耗したとしても、それまで摺接していなかった複数の第2環状突起21a、21bを回転軸Sの外周面S1に新たに摺接させることで必要な密封性を維持することができ、長期に亘って密封性を維持することができる。
この場合においても、主リップ10及び第1環状突起20では必要な密封性の維持が困難になったとしても、それまで摺接していなかった第2環状突起21を回転軸Sの外周面S1に新たに摺接させることで必要な密封性を維持することができ、長期に亘って密封性を維持することができる。
20 第1環状突起 21、21a、21b 第2環状突起
22 第3環状突起 S 回転軸 S1 外周面
T 環状空間 A 大気圧空間(高圧空間)
V 真空空間(低圧空間)
Claims (4)
- 回転軸と、この回転軸を包囲しているハウジングとの間に形成された環状空間を、軸方向において低圧空間と、前記低圧空間よりも高圧の高圧空間とに仕切る密封装置であって、
弾性素材によって形成されているとともに、前記回転軸の外周面に摺接する環状のシール部を備え、
前記シール部の内周面には、前記回転軸の外周面に摺接する主リップと、前記主リップから前記低圧空間側に向かって延びているとともに、前記低圧空間側に向かって漸次拡径している傾斜面と、が形成され、
前記傾斜面には、前記主リップが前記回転軸の外周面に摺接した状態で前記回転軸の外周面に摺接する第1環状突起と、前記主リップと前記第1環状突起との間に配置され径方向内側に突出した第2環状突起と、が形成され、
前記第2環状突起は、前記密封装置が使用初期の状態においては前記回転軸の外周面に摺接せず、前記密封装置の使用によって必要な密封性が維持できない程度に前記主リップ及び前記第1環状突起が摩耗すると、前記回転軸の外周面に対する摺接を開始するように形成されていることを特徴とする密封装置。 - 前記第2環状突起は、複数形成されている請求項1に記載の密封装置。
- 複数の前記第2環状突起は、必要な密封性が維持できない程度に前記主リップ及び前記第1環状突起が摩耗すると、その摩耗量に応じて、複数の前記第2環状突起の内、前記主リップに近い前記第2環状突起から順に摺接を開始するように形成されている請求項2に記載の密封装置。
- 前記傾斜面には、前記主リップと、前記第2環状突起との間に、前記密封装置が使用初期の状態において、前記回転軸の外周面に摺接する第3環状突起がさらに形成されている請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の密封装置。
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KR1020167027546A KR101835064B1 (ko) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-02-16 | 밀봉 장치 |
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JP7065037B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-21 | 2022-05-11 | Nok株式会社 | 密封装置 |
CN107511847B (zh) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-11-03 | 北京工业大学 | 一种应用于末端可翻转晶圆机器人的末端气路密封装置 |
JP7106264B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-15 | 2022-07-26 | 光洋シーリングテクノ株式会社 | 密封装置 |
CN108386113B (zh) * | 2018-05-02 | 2024-03-01 | 隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司 | 一种密封件及门结构 |
JP7203862B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-29 | 2023-01-13 | Nok株式会社 | 密封装置 |
US11454323B2 (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2022-09-27 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Sealing system for a moving shaft |
KR20200082881A (ko) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-08 | 디케이락 주식회사 | 백업 실링부를 구비하는 유압 피팅 |
JP7378958B2 (ja) * | 2019-05-07 | 2023-11-14 | Nok株式会社 | 密封装置 |
DE102022131876A1 (de) | 2022-12-01 | 2024-06-06 | BRUSS Sealing Systems GmbH | Radialwellendichtring |
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