WO2015121983A1 - 直流送電系統の保護システムおよび交流/直流変換器ならびに直流送電系統の遮断方法 - Google Patents
直流送電系統の保護システムおよび交流/直流変換器ならびに直流送電系統の遮断方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015121983A1 WO2015121983A1 PCT/JP2014/053527 JP2014053527W WO2015121983A1 WO 2015121983 A1 WO2015121983 A1 WO 2015121983A1 JP 2014053527 W JP2014053527 W JP 2014053527W WO 2015121983 A1 WO2015121983 A1 WO 2015121983A1
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- power transmission
- transmission system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1216—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for AC-AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
- H02H7/1257—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers responsive to short circuit or wrong polarity in output circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/025—Current limitation using field effect transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/125—Avoiding or suppressing excessive transient voltages or currents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/021—Details concerning the disconnection itself, e.g. at a particular instant, particularly at zero value of current, disconnection in a predetermined order
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a DC power transmission system protection system, an AC / DC converter, and a DC power transmission system shutoff method.
- Patent Document 2 various interruption methods using a DC breaker are proposed.
- Patent Document 3 further discloses that the duty of the DC circuit breaker is reduced by inserting a current limiting device in the DC circuit to limit the fault current.
- JP 2013-55885 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-123922 JP 2009-011117 A
- the current limiting element is required to have the ability to limit the current of kA order, and the high voltage ⁇ Since the ability to withstand large currents is required, there is still a problem that large scale is inevitable. Needless to say, increasing the scale of the current limiting element not only increases the cost, but also leads to an energization loss during DC power transmission.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and a DC power transmission system protection system capable of shortening the time until restart of the DC power transmission system while avoiding the increase in size and cost of equipment.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an AC / DC converter and a method for interrupting a DC power transmission system.
- the present invention is a DC power transmission system protection system applied to a configuration having an AC / DC converter between an AC system and a DC power transmission system,
- An AC circuit breaker is provided between the AC system and the AC / DC converter, a DC circuit breaker is provided between the DC power transmission system and the AC / DC converter, and the AC / DC
- a bypass switch capable of short-circuiting the converter cell constituting the AC / DC converter is provided inside or outside the converter, and when the DC power transmission system is faulty, the bypass switch is turned on, and the AC The supply of DC power from the system to the DC transmission system is cut off.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a protection system for a DC power transmission system according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration example of the converter cell.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration example different from that of FIG. 2 of the converter cell.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration example different from those in FIGS. 2 and 3 of the converter cell.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an AC / DC converter configured using the converter cell of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a waveform example of a direct current and an operation sequence example of each device in the protection system of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a DC current waveform according to the prior art when a DC line fault is removed by an AC circuit breaker.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a DC current waveform in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an AC / DC converter in the protection system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an AC / DC converter in the protection system according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a cell in the AC / DC converter of the protection system according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a DC circuit breaker (forced arc extinguishing method) applicable to the protection systems according to Embodiments 1 to 8.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a DC circuit breaker (self-excited vibration extinguishing method) applicable to the protection systems according to Embodiments 1 to 8.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a DC circuit breaker (semiconductor system) applicable to the protection systems according to Embodiments 1 to 8.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a DC power transmission system protection system (hereinafter simply referred to as “protection system”) according to the first embodiment.
- the protection system according to Embodiment 1 includes an AC circuit breaker 3, an AC / DC converter 5, a DC circuit breaker 7, and a control device 30.
- the AC line 4 that electrically connects the transformer 2 and the AC / DC converter 5 is provided with an AC circuit breaker 3, and is connected to the DC side of the AC / DC converter 5, and the power of the DC power transmission system
- a DC circuit breaker 7 is provided in the DC line 6 which is a line.
- the control device 30 is a control unit that controls at least the AC circuit breaker 3, the AC / DC converter 5, and the DC circuit breaker 7.
- the measurement information INF by a sensor (not shown) arranged at the main points of the AC system and the DC power transmission system. Are used to generate and output control signals (AC_S, SW, DC_S) for controlling the AC circuit breaker 3, the AC / DC converter 5 and the DC circuit breaker 7.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration example of a cell (hereinafter referred to as “converter cell”) 9 which is a structural unit of the AC / DC converter 5, and FIG. 3 and FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a circuit structure.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the AC / DC converter 5 configured using the converter cell 9 of FIG.
- the converter cell 9 includes an IGBT which is an example of a transistor element and two switching elements 9a and 9b each having a diode connected in reverse parallel to the IGBT.
- a capacitor 9c is connected to both ends of the switching elements 9a and 9b connected in series, and a terminal drawn from both ends of the switching element 9b is a cell terminal 9d.
- a bypass switch 8 is connected to both ends (collector terminal and emitter terminal) of any one switching element of the converter cell 9 (switching element 9b in the example of FIG. 2).
- the bypass switch 8 is a switch (switch) that is connected between the cell terminals 9d and is configured to be able to short-circuit the switching element 9b by closing the contact point. Energization is possible.
- the switching elements 9a and 9b in the cell are generally composed of elements having a small current capacity, and the function of the bypass switch 8 cannot be realized by the switching elements 9a and 9b.
- the internal configuration of the converter cell 9 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2, but a configuration in which switching elements 9a and 9b as shown in FIG. 3 are connected in parallel, or a switching element 9a as shown in FIG. , 9b are configured in series and parallel, and a more complicated control is conceivable in which the bypass switch 8 is connected to each connection point of the switching elements 9a, 9b.
- the converter cell 9 is shown in FIGS. The present invention is applicable even with such a configuration.
- the internal configuration of the AC / DC converter 5 is as shown in FIG. 5, and a plurality of converter cells 9 are connected in series to each phase on the AC side, and are configured by connecting the cell terminals 9d in series. can do.
- the AC circuit breaker 3 and the DC circuit breaker 7 are in the on state, and the bypass switch 8 is in the open state.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an operation sequence example of the waveform example and the devices of the DC current I DC in the protection system of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a DC current waveform when a DC line fault is removed by an AC circuit breaker as in Patent Document 1 described above.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the direct current I DC flowing through the direct current line. The meaning of each symbol shown on the horizontal axis is as follows.
- t f Accident occurred (Figs. 6 and 7) t BP-C : Bypass switch input (Fig. 6) t AC-O : AC circuit breaker circuit breaker (Figs. 6 and 7) t ex : Zero point generation, arc extinction (Fig. 7) t DC-O : DC breaker circuit breaker (Fig. 6) t AC-C : AC breaker inserted (Figs. 6 and 7) DC breaker input, bypass switch open (Fig. 6) t res : Converter operation restart (Figs. 6 and 7)
- the behavior at the time of an accident in the protection system according to Embodiment 1 is as follows. First, the rated value of the DC current flows in the steady state, when an accident occurs in the DC line 6 at time t f, the DC current rises rapidly. However, if all the bypass switches 8 in each converter cell 9 are simultaneously turned on at time t BP-C , the AC side is short-circuited and no current flows into the DC side. Therefore, from the time point t BP-C, the direct current is attenuated by the time constant of the circuit. Thereafter, the AC circuit breaker 3 interrupts the short circuit current on the AC side at time t AC-O .
- the attenuated direct current is interrupted by the direct current breaker 7 to eliminate the accident.
- the AC circuit breaker 3 and the DC circuit breaker 7 are turned on, and all the bypass switches 8 in each converter cell 9 are opened simultaneously, but these operations are in no particular order. Yes, it is sufficient that all these operations have been performed by the converter operation resumption time t res .
- the above behavior can be derived, accident removal can be performed at a higher speed than the conventional method of removing an accident with only an AC circuit breaker, and the AC / DC converter 5
- the operation resumption time can be advanced.
- the accident current is attenuated at high speed by the bypass switch, and the attenuated current is interrupted by the DC circuit breaker. A restart can be realized.
- the DC circuit breaker since the DC circuit breaker only needs to interrupt the attenuated DC current, it can be expected to reduce the scale of the system, and an excessive burden is imposed on each device. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost of the entire system configuration.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the second embodiment.
- a current limiter 10 that increases the circuit resistance of the DC line 6 is provided.
- the current limiter 10 is configured by a device in which a high-speed switch such as a semiconductor element and a resistor are configured in parallel.
- a high-speed switch such as a semiconductor element and a resistor are configured in parallel.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a direct current waveform in the second embodiment. The meaning of each symbol shown on the horizontal axis is as follows.
- the direct current has a waveform that decays with a circuit time constant. Thereafter, by operating the current limiter 10 at time t lim , the circuit time constant becomes smaller, and the direct current starts to decay at a higher speed. With these behaviors, the time until accident removal can be shortened as compared with the first embodiment.
- the system can be restarted at higher speed by applying the current limiter.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration different from FIG. 5 as a configuration example of the AC / DC converter in the protection system according to the third embodiment.
- a current limiter 10 that increases the resistance of the line is added to each phase inside the AC / DC converter 5.
- the DC current at the time of the accident can be rapidly attenuated by the same operation as in the second embodiment, and the time until the accident can be removed can be shortened.
- the current limiter 10 since the current limiter 10 is provided in each phase of the AC / DC converter 5, the current limiter 10 only needs to limit the current shunted to each phase. Although the number of vessels 10 increases, the scale of each can be reduced.
- the system can be restarted at higher speed by applying the current limiter.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration different from FIGS. 5 and 10 as a configuration example of the AC / DC converter in the protection system according to the fourth embodiment.
- one bypass switch 8 is connected to a cell group including a plurality of cells 9 (two cells in the example of FIG. 11) as a group.
- bypass switch 8 If the AC / DC converter 5 shown in FIG. 11 is used, although the rated voltage of the bypass switch 8 increases, the number of bypass switches 8 can be reduced, and the overall cost can be reduced. Further, by reducing the number of switches, it becomes easy to ensure simultaneity of control, and improvement in reliability can be expected.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the fifth embodiment.
- one or more bypass switches 8 are connected between the DC side terminals of the AC / DC converter 5.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment can be expected by turning on the bypass switch 8 in the case of a DC accident.
- the effect can be obtained if at least one bypass switch 8 is installed between the DC side terminals. Therefore, the bypass switch 8 is required for each phase of the AC / DC converter 5.
- the number of bypass switches 8 can be reduced as compared with the fourth aspect, and further improvement in reliability can be expected.
- the bypass switch 8 can be installed outside the AC / DC converter 5, an effect of increasing the flexibility of the layout in the DC power transmission system can be expected.
- bypass switch is provided between the DC terminals of the AC / DC converter, it is possible to reduce the number of bypass switches, As a result, it is possible to ensure the simultaneity of control and improve the reliability while reducing the cost.
- FIG. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the sixth embodiment.
- a ground switch 11 for grounding the AC / DC converter 5 is provided on each of the positive and negative electrodes on the DC side of the AC / DC converter 5.
- the ground switch is provided for each of the positive and negative electrodes on the DC side in the AC / DC converter, the number of components is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to improve the reliability while reducing the cost.
- FIG. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the protection system according to the seventh embodiment.
- an AC circuit breaker 3 is provided on the AC side of each AC / DC converter 5, and each AC The DC circuit breaker 7 is provided on both sides of the DC line 6 on the DC side of the DC converter 5.
- Each AC / DC converter 5 includes a bypass switch 8 (see FIG. 2).
- the operation of the AC / DC converter 5 located in the immediate vicinity of the accident point is the same as in the first embodiment. That is, by turning on the bypass switch 8 of the AC / DC converter 5, the DC current is attenuated, and the attenuated current is interrupted by the DC circuit breaker 7 to perform high-speed restart. By restarting the AC / DC converter 5 located immediately near the accident point at a high speed, the AC / DC converter 5 located farther away from the accident point causes the DC line voltage before stopping due to the influence of the accident. Recovers and operation can be continued without stopping.
- the AC / DC converter located immediately near the accident point can be restarted at high speed.
- FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration different from that of FIG. 2 as a configuration example of a cell in the AC / DC converter of the protection system according to the eighth embodiment.
- a bidirectional semiconductor switch 12 is provided between the cell terminals 9d.
- the configuration shown in the eighth embodiment may be applied to a protection system to which the second to seventh embodiments are applied.
- the bidirectional semiconductor switch 12 is off and no current flows.
- the element applied to the bidirectional semiconductor switch 12 is a large-capacity element capable of energizing a large current for a long time, and an accident current can be energized.
- the switching elements 9a and 9b in the cell are generally composed of elements having a small current capacity, and when an accident occurs, it is essential to perform an off operation or bypass by another device. , 9b cannot be realized. With the above operation, the same effects as in the first to seventh embodiments can be obtained. Further, by applying the bidirectional semiconductor switch, it is possible to operate at a higher speed than the bypass switch.
- the fault current is attenuated at high speed by the bidirectional semiconductor switch, and the attenuated current is interrupted by the DC circuit breaker.
- a high-speed restart can be realized.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the DC circuit breaker 7 applicable to the protection systems according to Embodiments 1 to 8.
- a forced arc extinguishing type direct current is shown. It is the form which applied the circuit breaker.
- the charging switch 17 is turned on, and the capacitor 14 that has been charged in advance is discharged by means such as a DC power source 16 so that the resonance current with the reactor 15 is superimposed on the direct current and the current is superposed.
- This is a direct current circuit breaker system in which a zero point is formed and a breaker 13 cuts off. After the shut-off unit 13 is shut off, the varistor 18 operates to suppress overvoltage generated in the shut-off unit 13.
- FIG. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the DC circuit breaker 7 applicable to the protection systems according to Embodiments 1 to 8.
- a self-excited vibration extinguishing system is shown. It is the form which applied the direct current circuit breaker.
- the self-excited vibration extinguishing system is a DC circuit breaker system in which a current zero point is formed by a current expansion vibration phenomenon based on the interaction between the arc and the capacitor 14 and the reactor 15. After the shut-off unit 13 is shut off, the varistor 18 operates to suppress overvoltage generated in the shut-off unit 13.
- Such a self-excited vibration extinguishing type DC circuit breaker 7 has a simple configuration and can be realized at low cost. For this reason, speeding up the restart time of the entire system can be realized at low cost.
- FIG. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the DC circuit breaker 7 applicable to the protection systems according to the first to eighth embodiments.
- the DC circuit breaker 7 in the first to eighth embodiments a semiconductor type DC circuit breaker is shown. It is the form which applied.
- the semiconductor system is a system in which a direct current is interrupted by the semiconductor element 19 and can operate at a higher speed than the mechanical DC circuit breakers shown in the ninth and tenth embodiments although it is relatively expensive. After the semiconductor element 19 is shut off, the varistor 18 operates so as to suppress overvoltage generated in the semiconductor element 19.
- Such a method using the semiconductor type DC circuit breaker 7 can be considered as a combination of a semiconductor element and a mechanical switch. For this reason, the advantages of the semiconductor element and the mechanical switch can be utilized, and the restart time of the entire system can be further increased.
- the present invention is useful as a protection system for a DC power transmission system that can shorten the time until restart of the DC power transmission system while avoiding the increase in size and cost of equipment.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1に係る直流送電系統の保護システム(以下単に「保護システム」という)の一構成例を示す図である。実施の形態1に係る保護システムは、図1に示すように、交流遮断器3、交流/直流変換器5、直流遮断器7および制御装置30を備えて構成される。
tBP-C:バイパススイッチ投入(図6)
tAC-O:交流遮断器遮断(図6,7)
tex:零点生成、アーク消滅(図7)
tDC-O:直流遮断器遮断(図6)
tAC-C:交流遮断器投入(図6,7)
直流遮断器投入、バイパススイッチ開放(図6)
tres:変換器運転再開(図6,7)
図8は、実施の形態2に係る保護システムの一構成例を示す図である。実施の形態2は、実施の形態1の構成に加え、直流線路6の回路抵抗分を増加させる限流器10を備えた構成である。この限流器10は例えば半導体素子などの高速スイッチと抵抗体を並列構成した機器によって構成される。なお、その他の構成については、図1に示した実施の形態1の構成と同一もしくは同等であり、それらの構成部には同一の符号を付して、重複する説明は省略する。
tBP-C:バイパススイッチ投入
tlim:限流器動作
tAC-O:交流遮断器遮断
tAC-O:直流遮断器遮断
tAC-C:交流遮断器投入、直流遮断器投入およびバイパススイッチ開放
tres:変換器運転再開
図10は、実施の形態3に係る保護システムにおける交流/直流変換器の構成例として、図5とは異なる構成を示す図である。実施の形態3においては、図5に示す実施の形態1の構成において、交流/直流変換器5の内部における各相に、線路の抵抗分を増加させる限流器10を付加した構成である。
図11は、実施の形態4に係る保護システムにおける交流/直流変換器の構成例として、図5および図10とは異なる構成を示す図である。実施の形態4においては、複数のセル9(図11の例では2つのセル)を一群とするセル群に対して1つのバイパススイッチ8を接続する構成である。
図12は、実施の形態5に係る保護システムの一構成例を示す図である。実施の形態5においては、交流/直流変換器5の直流側端子間に1個以上(図12では1個を例示)のバイパススイッチ8を接続する構成である。
図13は、実施の形態6に係る保護システムの一構成例を示す図である。実施の形態6においては、交流/直流変換器5を接地する接地開閉器11が交流/直流変換器5における直流側の正極および負極のそれぞれに設けられる構成である。
図14は、実施の形態7に係る保護システムの一構成例を示す図である。実施の形態7は、3つ以上の交流系統1を直流線路6で連系させた多端子直流送電系統において、各交流/直流変換器5の交流側には交流遮断器3を設け、各交流/直流変換器5の直流側における直流線路6の両側に直流遮断器7を設ける構成である。なお、各交流/直流変換器5の内部には、バイパススイッチ8を有する構成である(図2参照)。
図15は、実施の形態8に係る保護システムの交流/直流変換器におけるセルの構成例として、図2とは異なる構成を示す図である。実施の形態8においては、図2に示すバイパススイッチ8に代えて、双方向半導体スイッチ12をセル端子9d間に設ける構成である。
図16は、実施の形態1~8に係る保護システムに適用可能な直流遮断器7の構成例を示す図であり、実施の形態1~8における直流遮断器7について、強制消弧方式の直流遮断器を適用した形態である。
図17は、実施の形態1~8に係る保護システムに適用可能な直流遮断器7の構成例を示す図であり、実施の形態1~8における直流遮断器7について、自励振動消弧方式の直流遮断器を適用した形態である。
図18は、実施の形態1~8に係る保護システムに適用可能な直流遮断器7の構成例を示す図であり、実施の形態1~8における直流遮断器7について、半導体方式の直流遮断器を適用した形態である。
Claims (17)
- 交流系統と直流送電系統との間に交流/直流変換器を有する構成に適用される直流送電系統の保護システムであって、
前記直流送電系統と前記交流/直流変換器との間には直流遮断器が設けられ、
前記交流/直流変換器の内部もしくは外部には、当該交流/直流変換器を構成する変換器セルを短絡可能なバイパススイッチが接続されており、
前記直流送電系統の事故時には前記バイパススイッチを投入して、前記交流系統から前記直流送電系統への直流電力の供給を遮断する
ことを特徴とする直流送電系統の保護システム。 - 前記バイパススイッチの投入後に、前記直流遮断器にて遮断を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記交流/直流変換器の外部の直流側に限流器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記交流/直流変換器の内部の各相に限流器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記バイパススイッチは、前記変換器セル毎に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記バイパススイッチは、2個以上の前記変換器セルが直列接続されたセル群に対して設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記交流/直流変換器の直流側を対地に接地する接地開閉器が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記直流送電系統が3つ以上の交流系統を直流線路で連系する多端子直流送電系統であることを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記バイパススイッチに代えて双方向半導体スイッチを適用したことを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記直流遮断器として、予め充電したコンデンサから放電を行うことにより、リアクトルとの共振性電流を直流電流に重畳して電流零点を形成する強制消弧方式の直流遮断器を適用したことを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記直流遮断器として、アークと転流回路との相互作用に基づく電流の拡大振動現象により電流零点を形成する自励振動消弧方式の直流遮断器を適用したことを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 前記直流遮断器として、半導体素子によって遮断を行う半導体方式の直流遮断器を適用したことを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の直流送電系統の保護システム。
- 交流系統と直流送電系統との間に設けられ、前記交流系統からの交流電力を直流電力に変換し直流遮断器を介して前記直流送電系統に供給する交流/直流変換器であって、
前記交流/直流変換器には、当該交流/直流変換器を構成する変換器セルを短絡可能なバイパススイッチが接続されていることを特徴とする交流/直流変換器。 - 前記交流/直流変換器の内部の各相に限流器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の交流/直流変換器。
- 前記バイパススイッチは、前記変換器セル毎に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の交流/直流変換器。
- 前記バイパススイッチは、2個以上の前記変換器セルが直列接続されたセル群に対して設けられていることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の交流/直流変換器。
- 交流系統と直流送電系統との間には交流/直流変換器が設けられ、前記交流系統と前記交流/直流変換器との間には交流遮断器が設けられ、前記直流送電系統と前記交流/直流変換器との間には直流遮断器が設けられ、前記交流/直流変換器の内部もしくは外部には当該交流/直流変換器を構成する変換器セルを短絡可能なバイパススイッチが接続される構成に適用される直流送電系統の遮断方法であって、
前記直流送電系統の事故発生時に前記バイパススイッチを投入するステップと、
前記バイパススイッチの投入後に前記交流遮断器を遮断するステップと、
前記交流遮断器の遮断後に前記直流遮断器を遮断するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする直流送電系統の遮断方法。
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US15/116,867 US9800171B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-02-14 | Protection system for DC power transmission system, AC-DC converter, and method of interrupting DC power transmission system |
JP2014520858A JP5622978B1 (ja) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-02-14 | 直流送電系統の保護システムおよび交流直流変換器ならびに直流送電系統の遮断方法 |
PCT/JP2014/053527 WO2015121983A1 (ja) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-02-14 | 直流送電系統の保護システムおよび交流/直流変換器ならびに直流送電系統の遮断方法 |
EP14882204.2A EP3107172B1 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-02-14 | Protection system for dc power transmission system, ac/dc converter, and dc power transmission system breaking method |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3107172A4 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
EP3107172A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 |
EP3107172B1 (en) | 2022-06-01 |
US20170163170A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
JPWO2015121983A1 (ja) | 2017-03-30 |
US9800171B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 |
JP5622978B1 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
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