WO2015075376A1 - Method and assembly for producing a separation gap between two parallel walls - Google Patents

Method and assembly for producing a separation gap between two parallel walls Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015075376A1
WO2015075376A1 PCT/FR2014/052961 FR2014052961W WO2015075376A1 WO 2015075376 A1 WO2015075376 A1 WO 2015075376A1 FR 2014052961 W FR2014052961 W FR 2014052961W WO 2015075376 A1 WO2015075376 A1 WO 2015075376A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
envelope
intermediate member
gripping means
free edge
lifting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2014/052961
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
René Aucouturier
Original Assignee
Mabamure
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mabamure filed Critical Mabamure
Publication of WO2015075376A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015075376A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E04G11/18—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring for double walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G15/00—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels
    • E04G15/06—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels for cavities or channels in walls of floors, e.g. for making chimneys
    • E04G15/063—Re-usable forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/142—Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an assembly for producing a separation gap between two parallel walls.
  • the present invention aims more particularly, but not exclusively, the realization of such a separation interval for antiseismic purposes.
  • Such an interval is also called anti-seismic seal and prevents the transmission of shock waves between two walls.
  • it is known to provide an empty space, forming a separation interval, between facing walls, adjacent buildings or in the same building.
  • Such an empty space is typically close to four to twenty centimeters, depending on the seismicity of the region considered, the nature of the ground siting the construction and / or the regulations in force.
  • the invention also finds application to the realization of such an interval for example for acoustic reasons, or to meet the regulations relating to expansion joints in general.
  • FR-A-2 734 010 has proposed a method in which a first concrete wall is first produced, then one or more intermediate members placed edge to edge, having a corresponding thickness, are applied thereto. to that of the separation interval.
  • Each member comprises a body in the form of a rigid panel, typically having a honeycomb structure. This panel is enclosed by a strip-so a flat product in the form of a metal or plastic strip- which de facto forms a lifting strap.
  • the sheet is equipped with gripping loops and is itself surrounded by a waterproof bag formed of a flexible sheet of plastic material.
  • the second concrete wall is produced. Finally, these organs are removed by lifting them by the above-mentioned gripping means by means of a lifting device. The interspersed organs thus extracted then delimit an empty space, which forms the interval of desired separation.
  • the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for producing a separation gap between two parallel walls, in particular made of concrete, in which:
  • At least one intermediate member comprising a body of a rigid material surrounded by a flexible envelope, this intermediate member being provided with gripping means,
  • the second wall is made against each intermediate member
  • the envelope is a flexible peripheral envelope provided with gripping means.
  • each intermediate member comprises a body and a sealed peripheral envelope, of flexible nature.
  • the first wall is formed, the intermediate member is disposed against this wall, and the second wall is cast. Once this second wall is formed, the intermediate member is removed to delimit the desired spacer space.
  • the body is made of a so-called rigid material, namely that it possesses a clean holding which is sufficient to ensure the function of ur, during the casting of the second wall.
  • This material is however adapted to allow the extraction of the intermediate member, namely it has a possibility of deformation under mechanical stress, particularly when wetted or when it is slightly retracted under the effect of traction .
  • the skilled person can choose, for the body of the intermediate member, any material suitable for the above functions.
  • This body may for example be cellular in nature, that is to say be formed of a cellular cardboard plate, in particular of the honeycomb type, or of several sheets of polypropylene alveolar.
  • This body can also be formed of synthetic foam wool or any suitable material.
  • the peripheral envelope is flexible, that is to say that it has no clean mechanical strength. It must be sufficiently tight, i.e. that it defines a closed volume and prevents the penetration of the concrete towards the body and it does not adhere to the concrete when the latter is dry, to allow to drag this envelope along the walls, during the extraction of the intermediate member. It must also have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the lifting operation involved in the aforementioned extraction.
  • This casing has a much lower thickness than that of the intermediate member, typically between 20 ⁇ and 1 mm.
  • a plastics material for example polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl, a polyamide, a coated fabric, polyester, PVC or, more generally, any material making it possible to produce a tight, thin, flexible and resistant envelope.
  • the invention achieves the previously mentioned objectives.
  • the envelope is equipped with gripping means, the latter can be deported relative to the top of the body of the intermediate member.
  • the lifting operation is thus simplified compared to art anterior, since these gripping means are more easily accessible for lifting gear.
  • the invention overcomes the use of a strip. which is equipped with gripping means in the known art.
  • the body of the intermediate member is moistened after having made the second wall and before extracting the intermediate member.
  • the gripping means comprise at least one eyelet formed in a free edge of the casing, and is introduced a lifting member, including a lifting hook, in each eyelet before extracting the intermediate member.
  • the gripping means comprise at least one strap fitted on a free edge of the casing, and encloses each strap by means of a lifting de- member, in particular a lifting loop, during extraction of the intermediate member.
  • ⁇ ⁇ used lifting means comprising envelope clamping means and is stuck in the clamping means, a free edge of the envelope projecting from a face of the body, before extracting the intermediate member.
  • the intermediate member is extracted by lifting means comprising two tubular members adapted to form a wedging zone of a free edge of the envelope and this free edge is passed first of the inner side of the first and the second tubular member, then around the second tubular member, and finally again on the inner side of the first tubular member.
  • the subject of the invention is also a set for producing an interval separating between two parallel walls, noamammeni concrete, this assembly comprising at least one intermediate member, intended to be interposed between the two walls, this intermediate member comprising a body of a rigid material surrounded by a flexible envelope, and being provided with means gripping device, characterized in that the flexible envelope is provided with gripping means.
  • a tei assembly may include one or more of the following: ⁇ ⁇ the gripping means are provided on a free edge of the envelope, silent projecting from a face of the body .
  • the gripping means comprise at least one eye formed in the free edge of the envelope.
  • the gripping means comprise six eyelets formed in the free edge of the envelope.
  • the gripping means comprise at least one strap equipping the free edge of the envelope.
  • the gripping means comprise six straps equipping the free edge of the envelope,
  • the gripping means are formed by the free edge, this assembly further comprising lifting means comprising means for wedging this free edge,
  • the lifting means comprise two tubular members own to form a clamping region of this free edge.
  • the lifting means comprise two tubular frames of rectangular shape, the wedging zone being delimited by the facing faces of the lower tubes of these frames.
  • This set can in particular be adapted to the implementation of the method above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating two parallel walls separated by a gap, obtained by means of a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view, on another scale, illustrating the constituent elements of an intermediate member, according to one embodiment, used in this method in a pre-assembly configuration
  • FIG. 3 is a front view, on another scale, illustrating the constituent elements of an intermediate member
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are side views, on a larger scale, illustrating two successive steps of the method which is the subject of the invention
  • FIG. 8 is a front view, partial and on another scale, illustrating a lifting step, forming part of an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are, respectively, front and side views, on a smaller scale, illustrating a tool involved in another variant embodiment of the method of the invention and
  • Figure 9 is a side view, schematic and on another scale, illustrating a lifting step, forming part of the alternative embodiment illustrated in Figures 7 and 8.
  • the method of the invention is to achieve two walls 1 and 2, belonging, for example, to two adjoining buildings 3 and 4, these walls being parallel and vertical.
  • the walls 1 and 2 belong to the same building.
  • these walls are separated by a space 10, of the order of a few centimeters.
  • This method is implemented by using an intermediate member 20, visible in FIG. 2, which comprises a body 30, as well as a peripheral envelope 40.
  • peripheral envelope is meant an envelope delimiting a closed volume and completely surrounding the body 30, insulating it from the outside. As a result, the body 30 has no direct contact with the walls 1 and 2.
  • the body 30 is of parallelepiped shape. Its thickness E is slightly smaller than the dimension d of the space 10, and its height H substantially corresponds to the height of the walls 1 and 2, for example between 1, 5 m and 8 m, the width I of the body is for example between 0.40 m and 1.25 m. If the walls 1 and 2 have a much greater width, then use several spacers placed next to each other.
  • the body 30 is made of any suitable material, both sufficiently rigid but also deformable under stress, as explained above.
  • honeycomb-type cardboard of the honeycomb type will be used.
  • the envelope 40 is made of any suitable material, both sufficiently waterproof but also mechanically resistant, as explained above.
  • the envelope 40 must be in a material that does not adhere, or little, to the concrete when the latter is set, that is to say dry.
  • Non-limiting example will be used for example polypropylene.
  • this envelope 40 is for example formed from a sheet 41, which is first folded on itself around the body 30. Then the lateral and longitudinal edges of this sheet are mutually fixed, in particular by welding, so as to constitute the final envelope.
  • the thickness e of the sheet is between 20 ⁇ and 1 mm. Note that the sum (E + 2 * e) corresponds to the dimension d of the interspace 10.
  • the length L of this sheet 41 is greater than twice the height of the body 30. In this way, once folded around of the body 30, the sheet 41 has two adjacent free ends 42 which form a free edge 43 of the envelope. The latter protrudes beyond the upper face 31, according to a distance D (see Figure 5) which is between 200 mm and 600 mm.
  • Two series of eyelets 44 which are formed in each end 42, are arranged facing each other when the sheet is folded on itself.
  • the width ⁇ of the sheet 41 is slightly greater than that of the body 30. Therefore, once folded, the side edges of the sheet completely cover the side faces of the body. The lateral edges are secured, for example, using an adhesive.
  • FIG. 3 An envelope 400 is made beforehand, in the factory.
  • an edge of the casing 400 is equipped with at least one, advantageously six, lifting loops 401.
  • Such loops are either rigid, for example plastic material, or flexible when formed by a strap.
  • the envelope 400 is provided with eyelets similar to the eyelets 44 of the envelope 40.
  • the envelopes 400 are delivered ready for use and the body 300 of the intermediate member 200, shown in dotted line at Figure 3 is introduced at the request by the user, on the site of use, so de facto on the site.
  • the body 300 is introduced at the factory into the envelope 400, the assembly then being directly usable.
  • first wall 1 It is first of all to make a first wall 1, in a manner known per se. Then, as shown in Figure 4, is positioned by any suitable means the intermediate member 20, formed of the body 30 enclosed in the casing 40, against this wall. It is advantageously provided between the sealing member 20 and the parts to be made of the wall at the passage of the shuttering rods, not illustrated, for example by means of washers or foam joints not shown.
  • each intermediate member 20 is removed.
  • a lifting gear not shown, which is provided with lifting means represented in the form of a crane hook 51 in FIG. advantageously provides a plurality of such hooks 51, which are threaded into straps 510 passing through the eyelets 44.
  • This extraction can be even easier to implement, by moistening the body material, immediately before the lifting step.
  • This humidification can be achieved by watering the inside of the envelope 40 and thus the body 30.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a first variant embodiment, in which the free edge 143 of the casing 140 is devoid of latches. In this figure, only this free edge is shown in front view.
  • the gripping means which this free edge is equipped, are formed by at least one strap 144 forming a loop, in this case two straps 144 in the illustrated example, which are integral with this free edge.
  • six straps 144 are distributed regularly on the edge 143. These straps are dimensioned so that they have sufficient strength for the lifting operation of the intermediate member.
  • the gripping means are rigid loops.
  • This operation is carried out by means of any suitable lifting device, such as a crane mounted on a crane 150 and shown schematically in this figure 8.
  • This machine is provided with hooks 151, which are engaged with straps 144. here they are shown at the ends of the hoist 150 for more readability.
  • six hooks 151 are distributed over the length of the lifting apparatus 1 50, in order to ensure a distribution of the forces and a homogeneous traction of the six straps 144 distributed on the edge 143. Then, as previously described, the lifting apparatus, which causes the extraction of the intermediate member, which is facilitated by the compressive forces exerted on the body of this body.
  • Figures 7 to 9 illustrate a second embodiment, wherein the free edge 243 of the casing 240 is devoid of eyelets and straps.
  • the gripping means are formed by the free edge 243 as such, which can cooperate by wedging with a suitable hoist 250, visible in particular in Figures 7 and 8.
  • This machine 250 comprises two tubular frames 260 and 270, of rectangular shape, which define an interior volume. These frames are arranged side by side, one of their long sides extending inside two retaining rings 280. The latter are themselves connected to two loops 282, allowing attachment to the chassis of the machine, not shown.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the cooperation by jamming of the free edge 243 of the envelope 240, with the two frames 280 and 270.
  • the lower tubes 282 and 272 of the frames are visible in section.
  • the free edge is first passed on the inner side of the two tubes (arrow Ff), then around the second tube 272 (arrow F2) and again on the inner side of the first tube ( arrow F3).
  • a film of a plastic material is inserted between the walls 1 and 2 and the envelope 40; 400; 140; 240.
  • a double envelope is produced, the inner envelope being mobile with respect to the outer envelope.
  • the film remains in position, the extraction being facilitated by sliding the envelope on the film.
  • gripping members for example straps or eyelets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

This method involves: - producing at least one first wall (1), - applying to this wall at least one spacer member (20), comprising a body (30) made from a rigid material surrounded by a flexible peripheral envelope (40), - producing the second wall (2) and - extracting the spacer member, by lifting it by means of gripping means (44) provided on the envelope, in such a way as to produce this gap. The lifting operation is simplified, because the gripping means can be accessed easily by the lifting appliance. Moreover, the latter does not need to be moved to the immediate vicinity of the concrete walls. Finally, prior tearing of the envelope is not necessary.

Description

PROCEDE ET ENSEMBLE POUR LA REALISATION D'UN INTERVALLE DE SEPARATION ENTRE DEUX PAROIS PARALLELES  METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PERFORMING A SEPARATION INTERVAL BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL WALLS
La présente invention concerne un procédé et un ensemble pour la réalisation d'un intervalle de séparation entre deux parois parallèles. The present invention relates to a method and an assembly for producing a separation gap between two parallel walls.
La présente invention vise plus particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, la réalisation d'un tel intervalle de séparation à des fins antisismiques. Un tel intervalle est également dénommé joint antisismique et permet d'éviter la transmission des ondes de choc entre deux parois. En effet, dans les régions pouvant présenter un risque sîsmique, il est connu de ménager un espace vide, formant intervalle de séparation, entre les parois en regard, de bâtiments adjacents ou dans un même bâtiment. Un tel espace vide est typiquement voisin de quatre à vingt centimètres, en fonction de la sismicité de la région considérée, de la nature du terrain asseyant la construction et/ou de la réglementation en vigueur. Néanmoins, l'invention trouve aussi son application à la réalisation d'un tel intervalle par exemple pour des raisons acoustiques, ou encore pour répondre à la réglementation relative aux joints de dilatation en général.  The present invention aims more particularly, but not exclusively, the realization of such a separation interval for antiseismic purposes. Such an interval is also called anti-seismic seal and prevents the transmission of shock waves between two walls. Indeed, in regions that may present a seismic risk, it is known to provide an empty space, forming a separation interval, between facing walls, adjacent buildings or in the same building. Such an empty space is typically close to four to twenty centimeters, depending on the seismicity of the region considered, the nature of the ground siting the construction and / or the regulations in force. Nevertheless, the invention also finds application to the realization of such an interval for example for acoustic reasons, or to meet the regulations relating to expansion joints in general.
Dans cet esprit, FR-A-2 734 010 a proposé un procédé dans lequel on réalise tout d'abord une première paroi en béton, puis on applique contre celle-ci un ou plusieurs organes intercalaires placés bord à bord, présentant une épaisseur correspondant à celle de l'intervalle de séparation. Chaque organe comprend un corps, sous la forme d'un panneau rigide, présentant typiquement une structure alvéolaire. Ce panneau est enserré par un feuillard-donc un produit plat en forme de bande métallique ou plastique- qui forme de facto une sangle de levage. Le feuiilard est équipé de boucles de préhension et il est lui-même entouré par un sac étanche formé d'une feuille souple de matière plastique. In this spirit, FR-A-2 734 010 has proposed a method in which a first concrete wall is first produced, then one or more intermediate members placed edge to edge, having a corresponding thickness, are applied thereto. to that of the separation interval. Each member comprises a body in the form of a rigid panel, typically having a honeycomb structure. This panel is enclosed by a strip-so a flat product in the form of a metal or plastic strip- which de facto forms a lifting strap. The sheet is equipped with gripping loops and is itself surrounded by a waterproof bag formed of a flexible sheet of plastic material.
Après avoir appliqué les organes intercalaires contre la première paroi, on réalise la seconde paroi de béton. Enfin on élimine ces organes, en les soulevant par les moyens de préhension précités, grâce a un engin de levage. Les organes intercalaires ainsi extraits délimitent alors un espace vide, qui forme l'intervalle de séparation souhaité. After having applied the intermediate members against the first wall, the second concrete wall is produced. Finally, these organs are removed by lifting them by the above-mentioned gripping means by means of a lifting device. The interspersed organs thus extracted then delimit an empty space, which forms the interval of desired separation.
Ce procédé connu présente cependant certains inconvénients.  This known method, however, has certain disadvantages.
En effet, le fait de lever le panneau par les boudes de préhension montées sur ie feuillard entourant le panneau à la manière d'une sangle, donc n'entourant le panneau que sur une certaine zone de ce dernier, induit des efforts de traction sur le réseau alvéolaire du panneau en comprimant, à partir du bas, les alvéoles. Ceci génère une compression selon la hauteur du panneau et donc des efforts de- poussée latérale du panneau sur les parois en béton, ce qui provoque un blocage du panneau lors de son extraction, entraînant des efiorts de traction excessifs et dangereux. Ce problème peut être amplifié par la présence de bosses de béton sur les parois, créées accidentellement lors du coulage du béton.  Indeed, lifting the panel by the gripping pads mounted on the strap surrounding the panel in the manner of a strap, thus surrounding the panel only over a certain area of the latter, induces tensile forces on the alveolar network of the panel by compressing the cells from below. This generates compression according to the height of the panel and therefore the forces of lateral thrust of the panel on the concrete walls, which causes a blockage of the panel during its extraction, resulting in excessive and dangerous traction efiorts. This problem can be amplified by the presence of concrete bumps on the walls, accidentally created during the pouring of the concrete.
Ceci étant précisé, l'invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur évoqués ci-dessus.  That being said, the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above.
A cet effet l'invention a pour objet un procédé de réalisation d'un intervalle de séparation entre deux parois parallèles, notamment en béton, dans lequel :  To this end, the subject of the invention is a method for producing a separation gap between two parallel walls, in particular made of concrete, in which:
·■ on réalise une première paroi, · ■ a first wall is made,
- on applique contre cette paroi au moins un organe intercalaire, comprenant un corps en un matériau rigide entouré par une enveloppe souple, cet organe intercalaire étant pourvu de moyens de préhension,  - Is applied against this wall at least one intermediate member, comprising a body of a rigid material surrounded by a flexible envelope, this intermediate member being provided with gripping means,
- on réalise la seconde paroi contre chaque organe intercalaire, et the second wall is made against each intermediate member, and
·■ on extrait chaque organe intercalaire, en le soulevant par ses moyens de préhension, de façon à réaliser cet intervalle, · ■ each tab member is extracted by lifting its gripping means, so as to achieve this range,
caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe est une enveloppe périphérique souple pourvue des moyens de préhension. characterized in that the envelope is a flexible peripheral envelope provided with gripping means.
Selon l'invention, chaque organe intercalaire comprend un corps et une enveloppe périphérique étanche, de nature souple. De façon typique, on forme la première paroi, on dispose l'organe intercalaire contre cette paroi, puis on coule la deuxième paroi. Une fois cette deuxième paroi formée, on retire l'organe intercalaire pour délimiter l'espace intercalaire désiré.  According to the invention, each intermediate member comprises a body and a sealed peripheral envelope, of flexible nature. Typically, the first wall is formed, the intermediate member is disposed against this wall, and the second wall is cast. Once this second wall is formed, the intermediate member is removed to delimit the desired spacer space.
A cet effet, le corps est réalisé en un matériau dit rigide, à savoir qu'il possède une tenue propre qui est suffisante pour assurer la fonction d' écarte ur, lors de la coulée de la seconde paroi. Ce matériau est cependant adapté pour permettre l'extraction de cet organe intercalaire, à savoir qu'il a une possibilité de déformation sous contrainte mécanique, en particulier lorsqu'il est humidifié ou lorsqu'il est légèrement rétracté sous l'effet de la traction. For this purpose, the body is made of a so-called rigid material, namely that it possesses a clean holding which is sufficient to ensure the function of ur, during the casting of the second wall. This material is however adapted to allow the extraction of the intermediate member, namely it has a possibility of deformation under mechanical stress, particularly when wetted or when it is slightly retracted under the effect of traction .
Ceci étant précisé l'homme du métier pourra choisir, pour le corps de l'organe intercalaire, tout matériau approprié aux fonctions ci-dessus. Ce corps peut par exemple être de nature alvéolaire, c'est-à-dire être formé d'une plaque de carton alvéolaire, notamment du type à nid d'abeille, ou encore de plusieurs plaques de polypropyiène alvéolaire. Ce corps peut aussi être formé de laine de mousse synthétique ou tout matériau adapté.  This being said, the skilled person can choose, for the body of the intermediate member, any material suitable for the above functions. This body may for example be cellular in nature, that is to say be formed of a cellular cardboard plate, in particular of the honeycomb type, or of several sheets of polypropylene alveolar. This body can also be formed of synthetic foam wool or any suitable material.
L'enveloppe périphérique est souple, c'est-à-dire qu'elle n'a pas de tenue mécanique propre. Elle doit être suffisamment étanche, à savoir qu'elle délimite un volume fermé et qu'elle empêche la pénétration du béton en direction du corps et qu'elle n'adhère pas au béton, lorsque ce dernier est sec, pour permettre de faire glisser cette enveloppe le long des parois, lors de l'extraction de l'organe intercalaire. Elle doit également présenter une résistance mécanique suffisante, afin de résister à l'opération de levage intervenant lors de l'extraction précitée. Cette enveloppe présente une épaisseur bien inférieure à celle de l'organe intercalaire, typiquement comprise entre 20 μηι et 1 mm. The peripheral envelope is flexible, that is to say that it has no clean mechanical strength. It must be sufficiently tight, i.e. that it defines a closed volume and prevents the penetration of the concrete towards the body and it does not adhere to the concrete when the latter is dry, to allow to drag this envelope along the walls, during the extraction of the intermediate member. It must also have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the lifting operation involved in the aforementioned extraction. This casing has a much lower thickness than that of the intermediate member, typically between 20 μηι and 1 mm.
Ceci étant précisé, l'homme du métier pourra choisir tout matériau suffisamment étanche et résistant, pour réaliser l'enveloppe. On citera notamment une matière plastique, par exemple le poiyéthylène, le polypropyiène, le vinyle, un polyamide, un tissu enduit, le polyester, le PVC ou plus généralement toute matière permettant de réaliser une enveloppe étanche, de faible épaisseur, souple et résistante.  This being said, the skilled person will be able to choose any material that is sufficiently tight and resistant to make the envelope. In particular, a plastics material, for example polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl, a polyamide, a coated fabric, polyester, PVC or, more generally, any material making it possible to produce a tight, thin, flexible and resistant envelope.
L'invention permet d'atteindre les objectifs précédemment mentionnés.  The invention achieves the previously mentioned objectives.
En effet, puisque l'enveloppe est équipée des moyens de préhension, ces derniers peuvent être déportés par rapport au sommet du corps de l'organe intercalaire. L'opération de levage se trouve donc simplifiée par rapport à l'art anÎêrieur, puisque ces moyens de préhension sont plus facilement accessibîes pour rengin de levage. Indeed, since the envelope is equipped with gripping means, the latter can be deported relative to the top of the body of the intermediate member. The lifting operation is thus simplified compared to art anterior, since these gripping means are more easily accessible for lifting gear.
En outre, dans l'invention, il n'est pas nécessaire de déchirer au préalable l'enveloppe comme cela est prévu dans l'art antérieur, puisque les moyens de préhension sont directement accessibles. Enfin l'invention s'affranchit de l'utilisation d'un feuillard. qui est équipé des moyens de préhension dans la technique connue.  In addition, in the invention, it is not necessary to tear the envelope beforehand as provided in the prior art, since the gripping means are directly accessible. Finally the invention overcomes the use of a strip. which is equipped with gripping means in the known art.
Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, un tel procédé peu! comprendre une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes:  According to advantageous but non-obligatory aspects of the invention, such a little process! include one or more of the following:
- on extrait l'organe intercalaire par traction sur les moyens de préhension de l'enveloppe, sans déchirer l'enveloppe au préalable.  - Extracting the intermediate member by pulling on the gripping means of the envelope, without tearing the envelope beforehand.
- on humidifie le corps de l'organe intercalaire, après avoir réalisé la seconde paroi, et avant d'extraire l'organe intercalaire.  the body of the intermediate member is moistened after having made the second wall and before extracting the intermediate member.
- Les moyens de préhension comprennent au moins un œillet ménagé dans un bord libre de l'enveloppe, et on introduit un organe de levage, notamment un crochet de levage, dans chaque œillet avant d'extraire l'organe intercalaire. - The gripping means comprise at least one eyelet formed in a free edge of the casing, and is introduced a lifting member, including a lifting hook, in each eyelet before extracting the intermediate member.
- Les moyens de préhension comprennent au moins une sangle équipant un bord libre de l'enveloppe, et on enserre chaque sangle au moyen d'un organe de- levage, notamment une boucle de levage, pendant l'extraction de l'organe intercalaire. - The gripping means comprise at least one strap fitted on a free edge of the casing, and encloses each strap by means of a lifting de- member, in particular a lifting loop, during extraction of the intermediate member.
·■ On utilise des moyens de levage comprenant des moyens de coincement de l'enveloppe et on coince, dans les moyens de coincement, un bord libre de l'enveloppe faisant saillie par rapport à une face du corps, avant d'extraire l'organe intercalaire. · ■ used lifting means comprising envelope clamping means and is stuck in the clamping means, a free edge of the envelope projecting from a face of the body, before extracting the intermediate member.
- On extrait l'organe intercalaire par des moyens de levage comprenant deux organes tubulaires propres à former une zone de coincement d'un bord libre de l'enveloppe et on fait passer ce bord libre tout d'abord du côté intérieur du premier puis du second organe tubulaire, ensuite autour du second organe tubulaire, et enfin à nouveau du côté intérieur du premier organe tubulaire.  - The intermediate member is extracted by lifting means comprising two tubular members adapted to form a wedging zone of a free edge of the envelope and this free edge is passed first of the inner side of the first and the second tubular member, then around the second tubular member, and finally again on the inner side of the first tubular member.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un ensemble pour la réalisation d'un intervalle de séparation entre deux parois parallèles, noÎammeni en béton, cet ensemble comprenant au moins un organe intercalaire, destiné à être interposé entre ies deux parois, cet organe intercalaire comprenant un corps en un matériau rigide entouré par une enveloppe souple, et étant pourvu de moyens de préhension, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe souple est pourvue de moyens de préhension. The subject of the invention is also a set for producing an interval separating between two parallel walls, noamammeni concrete, this assembly comprising at least one intermediate member, intended to be interposed between the two walls, this intermediate member comprising a body of a rigid material surrounded by a flexible envelope, and being provided with means gripping device, characterized in that the flexible envelope is provided with gripping means.
Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, un tei ensemble peut comprendre une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes: ·■ les moyens de préhension sont prévus sur un bord libre de l'enveloppe, taisant saillie par rapport à une face du corps. According to advantageous but not essential aspects of the invention, a tei assembly may include one or more of the following: · ■ the gripping means are provided on a free edge of the envelope, silent projecting from a face of the body .
- Les moyens de préhension comprennent au moins un œillet ménagé dans le bord libre de l'enveloppe.  - The gripping means comprise at least one eye formed in the free edge of the envelope.
- Les moyens de préhension comprennent six œillets ménagés dans le bord libre de l'enveloppe.  - The gripping means comprise six eyelets formed in the free edge of the envelope.
- Les moyens de préhension comprennent au moins une sangle équipant le bord libre de l'enveloppe.  - The gripping means comprise at least one strap equipping the free edge of the envelope.
·■ Les moyens de préhension comprennent six sangles équipant le bord libre de l'enveloppe, · ■ The gripping means comprise six straps equipping the free edge of the envelope,
- Les moyens de préhension sont formés par le bord libre, cet ensemble comprenant en outre des moyens de levage comprenant des moyens de coincement de ce bord libre,  - The gripping means are formed by the free edge, this assembly further comprising lifting means comprising means for wedging this free edge,
·■ Les moyens de levage comprennent deux organes tubulaires propres à former une zone de coincement de ce bord libre. · ■ The lifting means comprise two tubular members own to form a clamping region of this free edge.
- Les moyens de levage comprennent deux cadres tubulaires de forme rectangulaire, la zone de coincement étant délimitée par les faces en regard des tubes inférieurs de ces cadres.  - The lifting means comprise two tubular frames of rectangular shape, the wedging zone being delimited by the facing faces of the lower tubes of these frames.
Cet ensemble peut en particulier être adapté à la mise en œuvre du procédé ci-dessus.  This set can in particular be adapted to the implementation of the method above.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement a la lecture de la description de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels: The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the description of several embodiments of the invention which will follow, given solely by way of example. limiting and made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
La figure 1 est une vue schématique illustrant deux parois parallèles séparées par un intervalle, obtenues grâce à un procédé selon l'invention,  FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating two parallel walls separated by a gap, obtained by means of a method according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue de face, à une autre échelle, illustrant les éléments constitutifs d'un organe intercalaire, selon un mode de réalisation, utilisé dans ce procédé en configuration de pré-montage,  FIG. 2 is a front view, on another scale, illustrating the constituent elements of an intermediate member, according to one embodiment, used in this method in a pre-assembly configuration,
- la figure 3 est une vue de face, à une autre échelle, illustrant les éléments constitutifs d'un organe intercalaire, selon un autre mode de réalisation, les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues de côté, à plus grand échelle, illustrant deux étapes successives du procédé objet de l'invention, selon un mode de réalisation, la figure 8 est une vue de face, partielle et à une autre échelle, illustrant une étape de levage, faisant partie d'une variante de réalisation du procédé de l'invention, les figures 7 et 8 sont, respectivement, des vues de face et de côté, à plus petite échelle, illustrant un outil intervenant dans une autre variante de réalisation du procédé de l'invention et  FIG. 3 is a front view, on another scale, illustrating the constituent elements of an intermediate member, according to another embodiment, FIGS. 4 and 5 are side views, on a larger scale, illustrating two successive steps of the method which is the subject of the invention, according to one embodiment, FIG. 8 is a front view, partial and on another scale, illustrating a lifting step, forming part of an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention. FIGS. 7 and 8 are, respectively, front and side views, on a smaller scale, illustrating a tool involved in another variant embodiment of the method of the invention and
la figure 9 est une vue de côté, schématique et à une autre échelle, illustrant une étape de levage, faisant partie de la variante de réalisation illustrée aux figures 7 et 8.  Figure 9 is a side view, schematic and on another scale, illustrating a lifting step, forming part of the alternative embodiment illustrated in Figures 7 and 8.
Comme le montre la figure 1 , le procédé de l'invention vise à réaliser deux parois 1 et 2, appartenant, par exemple, à deux bâtiments contigus 3 et 4, ces parois étant parallèles et verticales. En variante, les parois 1 et 2 appartiennent à un même bâtiment. Au terme de ce procédé, ces parois sont séparées par un espace 10, de l'ordre de quelques centimètres. Ce procédé est mis en œuvre en utilisant un organe intercalaire 20, visible à la figure 2, qui comprend un corps 30, ainsi qu'une enveloppe périphérique 40. Par enveloppe périphérique, on désigne une enveloppe délimitant un volume fermé et entourant complètement le corps 30, en l'isolant de l'extérieur. De ce fait, le corps 30 n'a pas de contact direct avec les parois 1 et 2.  As shown in Figure 1, the method of the invention is to achieve two walls 1 and 2, belonging, for example, to two adjoining buildings 3 and 4, these walls being parallel and vertical. Alternatively, the walls 1 and 2 belong to the same building. At the end of this process, these walls are separated by a space 10, of the order of a few centimeters. This method is implemented by using an intermediate member 20, visible in FIG. 2, which comprises a body 30, as well as a peripheral envelope 40. By peripheral envelope, is meant an envelope delimiting a closed volume and completely surrounding the body 30, insulating it from the outside. As a result, the body 30 has no direct contact with the walls 1 and 2.
Comme illustré à la figure 2, le corps 30 est de forme parallélépipédique. Son épaisseur E est légèrement inférieure a la dimension d de l'espace 10, et sa hauteur H correspond sensiblement à la hauteur des parois 1 et 2, soit par exemple entre 1 ,5 m et 8 m, La largeur I du corps est par exemple comprise enÎre 0,40 m et 1 ,25 m. Si les parois 1 et 2 présentent une largeur bien supérieure, on utilisera alors plusieurs organes intercalaires placés les uns à côté des autres. As illustrated in Figure 2, the body 30 is of parallelepiped shape. Its thickness E is slightly smaller than the dimension d of the space 10, and its height H substantially corresponds to the height of the walls 1 and 2, for example between 1, 5 m and 8 m, the width I of the body is for example between 0.40 m and 1.25 m. If the walls 1 and 2 have a much greater width, then use several spacers placed next to each other.
Le corps 30 est réalisé en tout maÎériau approprié, à la fois suffisamment rigide mais aussi déformable sous contrainte, comme expliqué ci-dessus. A titre non limitatif on utilisera par exemple du carton alvéolaire, de type à nid d'abeille.  The body 30 is made of any suitable material, both sufficiently rigid but also deformable under stress, as explained above. By way of nonlimiting example, honeycomb-type cardboard of the honeycomb type will be used.
L'enveloppe 40 est réalisée en tout matériau approprié, à la fois suffisamment étanche mais aussi mécaniquement résistant, comme expliqué ci-dessus. De plus, l'enveloppe 40 doit être dans un matériau qui n'adhère pas, ou peu, au béton lorsque ce dernier est pris, c'est-à-dire sec. A titre non limitatif on utilisera par exemple du polypropylène. Comme illustré en figure 2 cette enveloppe 40 est par exemple formée à partir d'une feuille 41 , qui est tout d'abord repliée sur elle-même autour du corps 30. Puis les bords latéraux et longitudinaux de cette feuille sont fixés mutuellement, notamment par soudage, de façon à constituer l'enveloppe finale.  The envelope 40 is made of any suitable material, both sufficiently waterproof but also mechanically resistant, as explained above. In addition, the envelope 40 must be in a material that does not adhere, or little, to the concrete when the latter is set, that is to say dry. Non-limiting example will be used for example polypropylene. As illustrated in FIG. 2, this envelope 40 is for example formed from a sheet 41, which is first folded on itself around the body 30. Then the lateral and longitudinal edges of this sheet are mutually fixed, in particular by welding, so as to constitute the final envelope.
L'épaisseur e de la feuille est comprise entre 20 μηι et 1 mm. On notera que la somme (E + 2*e) correspond à la dimension d de l'espace intercalaire 10. La longueur L de cette feuille 41 est supérieure au double de la hauteur du corps 30. De la sorte, une fois repliée autour du corps 30, la feuille 41 possède deux extrémiÎés libres 42 adjacenles, qui forment un bord libre 43 de l'enveloppe. Ce dernier fait saillie au-delà de la face supérieure 31 , selon une distance D (voir figure 5) qui est comprise entre 200 mm et 600 mm. Deux séries d'oeillets 44, qui sont ménagées dans chaque extrémité 42, sont disposées en regard l'une de l'autre lorsque la feuille est repliée sur elle-même. The thickness e of the sheet is between 20 μηι and 1 mm. Note that the sum (E + 2 * e) corresponds to the dimension d of the interspace 10. The length L of this sheet 41 is greater than twice the height of the body 30. In this way, once folded around of the body 30, the sheet 41 has two adjacent free ends 42 which form a free edge 43 of the envelope. The latter protrudes beyond the upper face 31, according to a distance D (see Figure 5) which is between 200 mm and 600 mm. Two series of eyelets 44, which are formed in each end 42, are arranged facing each other when the sheet is folded on itself.
De plus, la largeur Γ de la feuille 41 est légèrement supérieure à celle du corps 30. Par conséquent, une fois repliés, les bords latéraux de la feuille recouvrent entièrement les faces latérales du corps. Les bords latéraux sont solidarisés, par exemple, à l'aide d'un adhésif.  In addition, the width Γ of the sheet 41 is slightly greater than that of the body 30. Therefore, once folded, the side edges of the sheet completely cover the side faces of the body. The lateral edges are secured, for example, using an adhesive.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation ci-dessus, on fait référence à une enveloppe 40 formée à partir d'une feuille 41 qu'on replie autour du panneau 30. A titre de variante, on peut réaliser l'enveloppe au préalable, puis y loger le corps, de manière à former l'organe intercalaire. Un tel mode de réalisation est illustré à la figure 3. Une enveloppe 400 est réalisée au préalable, en usine. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 3, un bord de l'enveloppe 400 est équipé d'au moins une, avantageusement six, boucles de levage 401 . De telles boucles sont soit rigides, par exemple en matériau plastique, soit souples lorsqu'elles sont formées par une sangle. En variante, l'enveloppe 400 est pourvue d'œillets similaires aux œillets 44 de l'enveloppe 40. Par exemple, les enveloppes 400 sont livrées prêtes à l'emploi et le corps 300 de l'organe intercalaire 200, illustré en pointillé à la figure 3, est introduit à la demande par l'utilisateur, sur le site d'utilisation, donc de facto sur le chantier. En variante, le corps 300 est introduit en usine dans l'enveloppe 400, l'ensemble étant alors directement utilisable. In the embodiment above, reference is made to a casing 40 formed from a sheet 41 that folds around the panel 30. As a Alternatively, one can realize the envelope beforehand, then lodge the body, so as to form the intermediate member. Such an embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 3. An envelope 400 is made beforehand, in the factory. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, an edge of the casing 400 is equipped with at least one, advantageously six, lifting loops 401. Such loops are either rigid, for example plastic material, or flexible when formed by a strap. In a variant, the envelope 400 is provided with eyelets similar to the eyelets 44 of the envelope 40. For example, the envelopes 400 are delivered ready for use and the body 300 of the intermediate member 200, shown in dotted line at Figure 3 is introduced at the request by the user, on the site of use, so de facto on the site. In a variant, the body 300 is introduced at the factory into the envelope 400, the assembly then being directly usable.
Le procédé de l'invention est maintenant décrit, en référence a l'organe intercalaire 20 représenté à la figure 2, étant entendu que le procédé est le même en utilisant l'organe intercalaire 200 de la figure 3. The method of the invention is now described with reference to the tab member 20 shown in Figure 2, it being understood that the process is the same using the tab member 200 of Figure 3.
Il s'agit tout d'abord de réaliser une première paroi 1 , de façon connue en soi. Ensuite, comme illustré en figure 4, on positionne par tout moyen approprié l'organe intercalaire 20, formé du corps 30 enserré dans l'enveloppe 40, contre cette paroi. On assure avantageusement l'étanchéité entre l'organe intercalaire 20 et les parties à réaliser de la paroi au niveau du passage des tiges de coffrage, non illustrées, par exemple au moyen de rondelles ou de joints en mousse non représentés.  It is first of all to make a first wall 1, in a manner known per se. Then, as shown in Figure 4, is positioned by any suitable means the intermediate member 20, formed of the body 30 enclosed in the casing 40, against this wall. It is advantageously provided between the sealing member 20 and the parts to be made of the wall at the passage of the shuttering rods, not illustrated, for example by means of washers or foam joints not shown.
Dans le cas d'une paroi de grande largeur, bien supérieure à la largeur I, on dispose plusieurs organes 20 identiques, placés bord à bord contre cette paroi. Les bords latéraux adjacents de deux organes en regard sont avantageusement solidarisés, par exemple au moyen de ruban adhésif.  In the case of a wall of great width, much greater than the width I, there are several identical members 20 placed side by side against this wall. The adjacent side edges of two bodies facing each other are advantageously secured, for example by means of adhesive tape.
Ensuite, on procède au coffrage d'une seconde paroi 2. On conçoit que les parois 1 et 2 peuvent être réalisées, en variante, simultanément. Pour maintenir le coffrage, non représenté, on peut utiliser de façon connue en soi un système de tiges filetées et d'écrous, non représentés. Les tiges filetées précitées traversent la première paroi 1 , l'organe intercalaire 20 via des orifices non représentés, ainsi que le coffrage précité, en assurant l'étanchéité au niveau du passage des tiges de coffrage, comme décrit ci-dessus. Then we proceeded to the formwork of a second wall 2. It will be appreciated that the walls 1 and 2 may be carried out, alternatively, simultaneously. To maintain the formwork, not shown, can be used in a known manner a threaded rod system and nuts, not shown. The aforementioned threaded rods pass through the first wall 1, the intermediate member 20 via orifices not shown, as well as the aforementioned formwork, sealing the passage of the formwork rods, as described above.
On coule alors le béton, de manière à former cette deuxième paroi 2 contre l'organe intercalaire 20, comme cela est illustré en figure 5.  The concrete is then poured so as to form this second wall 2 against the intermediate member 20, as illustrated in FIG. 5.
Après la prise du béton, on retire chaque organe intercalaire 20. A cet effet, on utilise un engin de levage, non illustré, qui est pourvu de moyens de levage représentés sous forme d'un crochet de grue 51 sur la figure 5, On prévoit avantageusement une pluralité de tels crochets 51 , qui sont enfilés dans des sangles 510 passant dans les œillets 44.  After the setting of the concrete, each intermediate member 20 is removed. For this purpose, a lifting gear, not shown, is used which is provided with lifting means represented in the form of a crane hook 51 in FIG. advantageously provides a plurality of such hooks 51, which are threaded into straps 510 passing through the eyelets 44.
On déplace ensuite les crochets 51 vers le haut, à l'aide d'un engin de levage tel un palonnier fixé sur une grue, ce qui met en tension le bord libre 43 et contribue à faire remonter l'organe 20, selon la flèche F. Cette mise en tension s'accompagne d'une mise en compression axiale du corps 30, selon les flèches C à la figure 5. Ceci contribue à comprimer le matériau constitutif du corps, afin de faciliter l'extraction de ce dernier. Then moves the hooks 51 upwardly, with the aid of a hoist such a rudder fixed on a crane, which puts tension the free edge 43 and helps make up the member 20 along arrow F. This tensioning is accompanied by an axial compression of the body 30, according to the arrows C in Figure 5. This helps to compress the material constituting the body, to facilitate the extraction of the latter.
Cette extraction peut être encore plus aisée à mettre en œuvre, en humidifiant le matériau du corps, immédiatement avant l'étape de levage. Cette humidification peut être réalisée par un arrosage de l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 40 et donc du corps 30.  This extraction can be even easier to implement, by moistening the body material, immediately before the lifting step. This humidification can be achieved by watering the inside of the envelope 40 and thus the body 30.
Une fois que chaque organe intercalaire 20 a été extrait par le haut, les parois en regard 1 , 2 sont séparées par un vide, en d'autres termes par l'espace 10 visible en figure 1 . Once each intermediate member 20 was extracted from the top, the facing walls 1, 2 are separated by a gap, in other words by the space 10 visible in Figure 1.
La figure 8 illustre une première variante de réalisation, dans laquelle le bord libre 143 de l'enveloppe 140 est dépourvu d'ceiliets, Sur cette figure, seul ce bord libre est représenté, en vue de face.  FIG. 8 illustrates a first variant embodiment, in which the free edge 143 of the casing 140 is devoid of latches. In this figure, only this free edge is shown in front view.
Les moyens de préhension, dont ce bord libre est équipé, sont formés par au moins une sangle 144 formant une boucle, en l'occurrence deux sangles 144 dans l'exemple illustré, qui sont venues de matière avec ce bord libre. De manière préférée, afin d'assurer une répartition optimale des efforts, six sangles 144 sont réparties régulièrement sur le bord 143. Ces sangles sont dimensionnées afin qu'elles aient une résistance suffisante pour l'opération de levage de l'organe intercalaire. En variante, les moyens de préhension sont des boucles rigides. The gripping means, which this free edge is equipped, are formed by at least one strap 144 forming a loop, in this case two straps 144 in the illustrated example, which are integral with this free edge. In a preferred manner, in order to ensure optimum distribution of forces, six straps 144 are distributed regularly on the edge 143. These straps are dimensioned so that they have sufficient strength for the lifting operation of the intermediate member. In a variant, the gripping means are rigid loops.
Cette opération est mise en œuvre grâce à tout engin de levage approprié, tei qu'un palonnier 150 fixé sur une grue et représenté de façon schématique sur cette figure 8. Cet engin est pourvu de crochets 151 , qui sont en prises avec des sangles 144. ici ils sont représentés aux extrémités de l'engin de levage 150 pour plus de lisibilité. Avantageusement, six crochets 151 sont répartis sur la longueur de l'engin de levage 1 50, afin d'assurer une répartition des efforts et une traction homogène des six sangles 144 réparties sur le bord 143. Puis, comme décrit précédemment, on remonte l'engin de levage, ce qui provoque l'extraction de l'organe intercalaire, qui est facilitée par les efforts de compression s'exerçant sur le corps de cet organe.  This operation is carried out by means of any suitable lifting device, such as a crane mounted on a crane 150 and shown schematically in this figure 8. This machine is provided with hooks 151, which are engaged with straps 144. here they are shown at the ends of the hoist 150 for more readability. Advantageously, six hooks 151 are distributed over the length of the lifting apparatus 1 50, in order to ensure a distribution of the forces and a homogeneous traction of the six straps 144 distributed on the edge 143. Then, as previously described, the lifting apparatus, which causes the extraction of the intermediate member, which is facilitated by the compressive forces exerted on the body of this body.
Les figures 7 à 9 illustrent une seconde variante de réalisation, dans laquelle le bord libre 243 de l'enveloppe 240 est dépourvu d'oeillets et de sangles. Les moyens de préhension sont formés par le bord libre 243 en tant que tel, qui peut coopérer par coincement avec un engin de levage approprié 250, visible en particulier sur les figure 7 et 8.  Figures 7 to 9 illustrate a second embodiment, wherein the free edge 243 of the casing 240 is devoid of eyelets and straps. The gripping means are formed by the free edge 243 as such, which can cooperate by wedging with a suitable hoist 250, visible in particular in Figures 7 and 8.
Cet engin 250 comprend deux cadres tubulaires 260 et 270, de forme rectangulaire, qui définissent un volume intérieur. Ces cadres sont disposés côte à côte, un de leurs grands côtés s'étendant à l'intérieur de deux anneaux de maintien 280. Ces derniers sont eux-mêmes reliés à deux boucles 282, permettant l'accrochage au châssis de l'engin, non représenté.  This machine 250 comprises two tubular frames 260 and 270, of rectangular shape, which define an interior volume. These frames are arranged side by side, one of their long sides extending inside two retaining rings 280. The latter are themselves connected to two loops 282, allowing attachment to the chassis of the machine, not shown.
La figure 9 illustre la coopération par coincement du bord libre 243 de l'enveloppe 240, avec les deux cadres 280 et 270. Sur cette figure, les tubes inférieurs 282 et 272 des cadres sont visibles en coupe. Afin de solidariser l'enveloppe aux cadres, on fait passer le bord libre tout d'abord du côté intérieur des deux tubes (flèche Ff ), puis autour du deuxième tube 272 (flèche F2) et à nouveau du côté intérieur du premier tube (flèche F3).  FIG. 9 illustrates the cooperation by jamming of the free edge 243 of the envelope 240, with the two frames 280 and 270. In this figure, the lower tubes 282 and 272 of the frames are visible in section. In order to secure the envelope to the frames, the free edge is first passed on the inner side of the two tubes (arrow Ff), then around the second tube 272 (arrow F2) and again on the inner side of the first tube ( arrow F3).
Lorsqu'on lève l'engin 250, ceci à tendance à plaquer les deux tubes 262 et 272 l'un contre l'autre, Par conséquent, le bord ilbre 243 est coincé entre ces deux tubes au niveau d'une zone de coincement, de sorte que l'enveloppe est soulevée de façon fiable. Comme dans les autres modes de réalisation, ce ievage est facilité par les forces de compression s'exerçant sur le corps de l'organe intercalaire 220. When the machine 250 is lifted, this tends to flatten the two tubes 262 and 272 against each other, therefore, the clear edge 243 is wedged between these two tubes at a jamming area, so that the casing is reliably lifted. As in the other embodiments, this advance is facilitated by the compressive forces exerted on the body of the intermediate member 220.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation non illustré, on intercale un film d'un matériau plastique entre les parois 1 et 2 et l'enveloppe 40 ; 400 ; 140 ; 240. En d'autres termes, on réalise une double enveloppe, l'enveloppe interne étant mobile par rapport à l'enveloppe externe. Ainsi, lors de la traction, le film reste en position, l'extraction étant facilitée par glissement de l'enveloppe sur le film. Une fois cette dernière retirée, on enlève le film, celui-ci étant avantageusement pourvu d'organes de préhension, par exemple de sangles ou d'oeillets.  In another embodiment not illustrated, a film of a plastic material is inserted between the walls 1 and 2 and the envelope 40; 400; 140; 240. In other words, a double envelope is produced, the inner envelope being mobile with respect to the outer envelope. Thus, during traction, the film remains in position, the extraction being facilitated by sliding the envelope on the film. Once the latter is removed, the film is removed, the latter being advantageously provided with gripping members, for example straps or eyelets.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 .- Procédé de réalisation d'un intervalle de séparation (10) entre deux parois parallèles (1 , 2), notamment en béton, dans lequel : 1.- Method for producing a separation interval (10) between two parallel walls (1, 2), in particular in concrete, in which:
·■ on réalise une première paroi (1 ), · ■ we create a first wall (1),
·· on applique contre cette paroi au moins un organe intercalaire (20 ; 200 ; 220), comprenant un corps (30 ; 300 ; 230) en un matériau rigide entouré par une enveloppe souple (40 ; 400 ; 140 ; 240), cet organe intercalaire étant pourvu de moyens de préhension, ·· at least one intermediate member (20; 200; 220) is applied against this wall, comprising a body (30; 300; 230) made of a rigid material surrounded by a flexible envelope (40; 400; 140; 240), this intermediate member being provided with gripping means,
- on réalise la seconde paroi (2) contre chaque organe intercalaire et - the second wall (2) is made against each intermediate member and
·· on extrait chaque organe intercalaire, en le soulevant par ses moyens de préhension, de façon à réaliser cet intervalle, ·· we extract each intercalary organ, by lifting it by its gripping means, so as to create this interval,
caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe une enveloppe périphérique souple pourvue des moyens de préhension (44 ; 401 ; 144 ; 243). characterized in that the envelope is a flexible peripheral envelope provided with gripping means (44; 401; 144; 243).
2 - Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'on extrait l'organe intercalaire par traction sur les moyens de préhension (44 ; 401 ; 144 ; 243) de l'enveloppe, sans déchirer l'enveloppe au préalable. 2 - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate member is extracted by traction on the gripping means (44; 401; 144; 243) of the envelope, without tearing the envelope beforehand.
3. ~ Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on humidifie le corps de l'organe intercalaire, après avoir réalisé la seconde paroi et avant d'extraire l'organe intercalaire. 3. ~ Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body of the intermediate member is humidified, after having made the second wall and before extracting the intermediate member.
4. - Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des moyens de levage (250) comprenant des moyens (262, 272) de coincement de l'enveloppe (240) et on coince, dans les moyens de coincement, un bord libre (243) de l'enveloppe faisant saillie par rapport a une face du corps, pendant l'extraction de l'organe intercalaire. 4. - Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that we use lifting means (250) comprising means (262, 272) for wedging the envelope (240) and we wed, in the means jamming, a free edge (243) of the envelope projecting relative to one face of the body, during extraction of the interposed member.
5. - Ensemble pour la réalisation d'un intervalle de séparation entre deux parois parallèles ( 1 , 2), notamment en béton, cet ensemble comprenant au moins un organe intercalaire (20 ; 200 ; 220), destiné à être interposé entre les deux parois, cet organe intercalaire comprenant un corps (30 ; 300 ; 230) en un matériau rigide entouré par une enveloppe souple (40 ; 400 ; 140 ; 240), et étant pourvu de moyens de préhension, 5. - Assembly for creating a separation interval between two parallel walls (1, 2), in particular in concrete, this assembly comprising at least one intermediate member (20; 200; 220), intended to be interposed between the two walls, this intermediate member comprising a body (30; 300; 230) made of a rigid material surrounded by a flexible envelope (40; 400; 140; 240), and being provided with gripping means,
caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe souple est pourvue des moyens de préhension (44 ; 401 ; 144 ; 243). characterized in that the flexible envelope is provided with gripping means (44; 401; 144; 243).
8.- Ensemble selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de préhension (44 ; 401 ; 144 ; 243) sont prévus sur un bord libre (43 ; 143 ; 243) de l'enveloppe, faisant saillie par rapport à une face (31 ) du corps. 8.- Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the gripping means (44; 401; 144; 243) are provided on a free edge (43; 143; 243) of the envelope, projecting relative to a face (31) of the body.
7. ~ Ensemble selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de préhension comprennent au moins un œillet (44) ménagé dans le bord libre (43) de l'enveloppe. 7. ~ Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the gripping means comprise at least one eyelet (44) formed in the free edge (43) of the envelope.
8. - Ensemble selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de préhension comprennent au moins une sangle (144 ; 401 ) équipant le bord libre (143) de l'enveloppe. 8. - Assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the gripping means comprise at least one strap (144; 401) equipping the free edge (143) of the envelope.
9. · Ensemble selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de préhension sont formés par le bord libre (243), cet ensemble comprenant en outre des moyens de levage (250) comprenant des moyens (282, 272) de coincement de ce bord libre. 9. · Assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the gripping means are formed by the free edge (243), this assembly further comprising lifting means (250) comprising means (282, 272) for jamming the this free edge.
10. - Ensemble selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de levage comprennent deux organes tubuîaires (260, 270) propres à former une zone de coincement de ce bord libre. 10. - Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the lifting means comprise two tubular members (260, 270) capable of forming a wedging zone of this free edge.
PCT/FR2014/052961 2013-11-22 2014-11-19 Method and assembly for producing a separation gap between two parallel walls WO2015075376A1 (en)

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FR1361506A FR3013752B1 (en) 2013-11-22 2013-11-22 METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PERFORMING A SEPARATION INTERVAL BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL WALLS
FR1361506 2013-11-22

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CN107338811A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-11-10 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 Construction method that is a kind of while pouring the root architecture post of deformation joint two

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FR3013752B1 (en) 2015-11-20

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