WO2015068649A1 - Dust collection device for thermal processing machine - Google Patents

Dust collection device for thermal processing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015068649A1
WO2015068649A1 PCT/JP2014/079043 JP2014079043W WO2015068649A1 WO 2015068649 A1 WO2015068649 A1 WO 2015068649A1 JP 2014079043 W JP2014079043 W JP 2014079043W WO 2015068649 A1 WO2015068649 A1 WO 2015068649A1
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air
extraction port
dust collection
processing machine
thermal processing
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PCT/JP2014/079043
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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和浩 岩田
伊東　聡
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株式会社 アマダ
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Publication of WO2015068649A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015068649A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/16—Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dust collecting device [a dust collection apparatus for a thermal processing machine] such as a laser processing machine or a plasma processing machine.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 listed below disclose push-pull type dust collectors.
  • a blowout port [ejection port] is provided on one side of the workpiece processing area, and an extraction port [extraction port] facing the blowout port is provided on the other side. Fume and dust generated during workpiece machining are pushed into the extraction port by the air flowing from the blower outlet to the extraction port by the air supply device [air supply device], and connected to the extraction port. It is sucked out (pull) by a suction device [suction device].
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a dust collector for a thermal processing machine that can effectively remove fume and dust.
  • a feature of the present invention is a dust collector for a thermal processing machine, which is provided below a processing area of a plate-like workpiece, and includes a frame having a dust collection chamber opened upward, and an inside of the dust collection chamber A blowout port provided on a wall and for blowing air into the dust collection chamber; and an extraction port provided on an inner wall opposite to the inner wall on which the blowout port is provided and for sucking air in the dust collection chamber.
  • the air outlet is provided with an air ejection hole for ejecting air in a horizontal curtain shape, and the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole is less than the air flow rate sucked at the extraction port.
  • the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole (air outlet) is less than the air flow rate sucked at the extraction port, all the air ejected from the air ejection port is sucked into the extraction port, And ambient air is also sucked into the extraction port.
  • a negative pressure region is formed below the work and above the air flow flowing from the air ejection hole toward the extraction port.
  • the horizontal curtain-like air flow ejected from the air ejection hole is sucked in by the extraction port, a belt-like air flow can be actively generated from the air ejection hole to the extraction port.
  • a negative pressure region can be suitably formed above the flow.
  • the negative pressure region is formed by sucking out air from the extraction port in the dust collection chamber and entraining the surrounding air in a fast air flow. Fume and dust generated during processing can be efficiently sucked into the extraction port without staying around the work. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent both the contamination of the workpiece and the rising of the fume due to the fume adhesion.
  • the extraction port is provided at a position lower than the height of the air ejection hole.
  • the air flow that is ejected from the air ejection hole and sucked into the extraction port can be turned downward, and the air flow that flows downward from above the workpiece can be smoothly guided to the extraction port.
  • a plurality of the air ejection holes are horizontally arranged on the inner wall, and the pressurized air supplied from the air supply device is provided behind the plurality of air ejection holes to the plurality of air ejection holes.
  • a distribution chamber for distribution is preferably provided.
  • each air ejection hole can be formed as a small circular hole. Therefore, the design and manufacture are facilitated, and the flow velocity can be easily increased while restricting the flow rate of the ejected air. Furthermore, since the distribution chamber which distributes air to each air ejection hole is provided behind the plurality of air ejection holes, the air can be supplied to the distribution chamber with a single air supply pipe.
  • a plurality of dust collection chambers arranged in a horizontal direction are provided, each of the plurality of dust collection chambers is provided with the air ejection hole and the extraction port, and movable processing for performing heat processing on the workpiece.
  • a valve is provided on an air supply pipe for supplying the pressurized air to the air ejection hole, and as the opening / closing device of the extraction port, the extraction port and the suction device More preferably, a damper is provided between them.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the damper unit shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 It is an expansion perspective view of the blower outlet periphery shown by FIG. (A) is the perspective view which looked at the blower outlet unit shown by FIG. 5 from the front side, (b) is the perspective view seen from the back side. It is a system diagram of the dust collector.
  • the thermal processing machine in the present embodiment is a laser processing machine (thermal cutting processing machine). As shown in FIGS. 1A, 1 ⁇ / b> B, and 2, the thermal processing machine includes a box-shaped frame 2 as a main element of the dust collector 1. The frame 2 also functions as a main body frame of the heat processing machine.
  • a work table (not shown) for horizontally supporting a plate-like work W (see FIG. 2) is disposed above the frame 2.
  • the position of the work table substantially corresponds to the machining area (the position where the work W in FIG. 2 is supported). Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface of the work table is a pass line PL of the work W.
  • the frame 2 includes a pair of guide rails 3 extending in the X-axis direction.
  • Each guide rail 3 is provided with a carriage (not shown) so as to be movable in the X-axis direction.
  • the laser processing head 5 (refer FIG. 2) which performs the heat cutting process to the workpiece
  • work W is provided in the carriage so that a movement in the Y-axis direction is possible.
  • each dust collection chamber 10 extends in the Y direction, and the upper part is largely opened and narrowed toward the lower part.
  • Each dust collection chamber 10 has an open bottom, and also functions as a shooter that discharges products and scrap that are cut and dropped to a bucket (not shown) below the dust collection chamber 10.
  • the dust collector 1 air is ejected from the air ejection holes 13 to the dust collection chamber 10, and the air in the dust collection chamber 10 is sucked from the extraction port 15 and discharged to the outside. As a result, it is possible to remove fumes and dust generated when the workpiece W is processed.
  • a damper unit 20 is incorporated behind the extraction port 15.
  • the casing 23 of the damper unit 20 has a box shape whose interior is divided into a lower space 27 and an upper space 28.
  • a discharge port 29 is formed on the back surface (outer surface) of the upper space 28.
  • a suction port 26 communicating with the extraction port 15 is provided on the front surface (inner surface) of the lower space 27.
  • the upper space 28 is provided with a damper blade 21 supported by the rotating shaft 22.
  • a portion opened and closed by the damper blade 21 is referred to as a damper (gating switch) 20A.
  • the damper passage 21 opens the air passage (passage connecting the suction port 26 and the discharge port 29). Blocked.
  • the air ejection holes (air outlets) 13 are horizontally arranged on the inner wall 12 of the dust collection chamber 10. For this reason, the air ejection hole 13 ejects air in the form of a horizontal curtain at a height position away from the workpiece W (pass line PL) by a distance H.
  • the air ejection hole 13 ejects air horizontally as indicated by an arrow FL in FIG. Further, the extraction port 15 is provided at a position lower than the height of the air ejection hole 13. Therefore, the air ejected from the air ejection hole 13 flows horizontally immediately after being ejected, but gradually descends obliquely and is sucked into the extraction port 15.
  • the plurality of air ejection holes 13 are arranged in a row on the front plate 31 of the air outlet unit 30 (see FIGS. 6A and 6B) attached to the frame 2. .
  • a distribution chamber [distribution13chamber] 32 that distributes the pressurized air supplied from an air supply device 40 (see FIG. 7) such as a blower or a compressor to the plurality of air ejection holes 13 is provided behind the air ejection holes 13. Yes.
  • the distribution chamber 32 is provided with a connection port 33, and a pipe to the air supply device 40 is connected to the connection port 33.
  • the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole 13 is smaller than the air flow rate sucked into the extraction port 15 (for example, limited to a slight flow rate of one hundredth. )
  • the air flow F (see FIG. 2) from the air ejection hole 13 to the extraction port 15 can be formed by sucking air through the extraction port 15.
  • a negative pressure region [negative pressure zone] S can be formed below the workpiece W and above the air flow F.
  • a branch pipe 43 branched from the main air supply pipe 41 of the air supply device 40 is provided in the distribution chamber 32 (connection port 33) of the air outlet unit 30 via a valve (opening / closing machine) 42. Connected.
  • the discharge port 29 of the damper unit 20 is connected to a collective duct 51 that collects to the main duct 52 of the suction device 50.
  • the suction device 50 also functions as a dust collection unit that collects the sucked fume and dust.
  • the dust collector 1 also includes a control device 60 (see FIG. 7) that controls the damper 20A and the valve 42 as the above-described opening and closing machine.
  • the control device controls the damper 20A and the valve 42 to open only the air ejection hole 13 and the extraction port 15 (discharge port 29) of the dust collection chamber 10 located below the movable laser processing head 5, and the like.
  • the air ejection hole 13 and the extraction port 15 (discharge port 29) of the dust collection chamber 10 are closed.
  • the air ejection hole 13 and the extraction port 15 of the dust collection chamber 10 below the processing position are opened (the valve 42 is opened, and The damper 20A is opened), and the air in the dust collection chamber 10 is discharged from the extraction port 15 to the outside. At this time, fumes and dusts generated during processing are also discharged.
  • the air is ejected horizontally from the air ejection holes 13, and the air in the dust collection chamber 10 is sucked out from the extraction port 15,
  • a belt-like air flow F can be actively generated from the air ejection hole 13 to the extraction port 15, and a negative pressure region S can also be formed below the work W and above the air flow F.
  • the negative pressure region S is formed by sucking out air from the extraction port 15 in the dust collection chamber 10 and entraining the surrounding air in a fast air flow F.
  • the distance H is set to about 100 mm to 400 mm. If the distance H is small (less than 100 mm), the surrounding air is not entrained, so the negative pressure region S is not sufficiently formed, and the fume rises. On the other hand, if the distance H is too large (exceeding 400 mm), the effect of the surrounding air by the air flow F is weakened, and the negative pressure region S is not sufficiently formed, so that the fume rises. Accordingly, the distance H is set in consideration of conditions such as the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection holes 13 and the air flow rate sucked into the extraction port 15.
  • an air flow K (see FIG. 2) flowing into the negative pressure region S can be formed. For this reason, the fumes and dust generated during processing can be efficiently sucked into the extraction port 15 without staying around the workpiece W. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent both the contamination of the workpiece W and the rising of the fume due to the fume adhesion.
  • the air flow F formed by the suction from the extraction port 15 becomes unstable, but a stable air flow F is formed by adding a weak flow caused by a slight flow rate of air ejected from the air ejection holes 13. Can do. Further, the negative pressure region S can also be formed by the surrounding air being entrained by the air flow F. As a result, an air flow K that flows downward from above the workpiece W can also be formed, and fume and dust can be quickly guided to the extraction port 15. Furthermore, by providing the extraction port 15 at a position lower than the air ejection hole 13, the air flow F can be made downward, and the above-described air flow K can be smoothly guided to the extraction port 15.
  • each air ejection hole 13 can be formed as a small circular hole (for example, a diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm). Therefore, the design and manufacture are facilitated, and the flow velocity can be easily increased while restricting the flow rate of the ejected air. Further, since the distribution chambers 32 for distributing the air to the air ejection holes 13 are provided behind the plurality of air ejection holes 13, the air can be supplied to the distribution chambers 32 with a single air supply pipe.
  • the dust collector of this embodiment since only the dust collection chamber 10 below a processing position is operated, energy efficiency is good and the performance of the air supply device 40 and the suction device 50 can be minimized. . Furthermore, since the valve 42 is used as the supply side switch and the damper 20A is used as the extraction side switch, the equipment used can be optimized.

Abstract

A dust collection device (1) for a thermal processing machine, the dust collection device being provided with: a frame (2) equipped with a dust collection chamber (10) opening upwards, the frame (2) being provided below an area for processing a plate-shaped workpiece (W); an air outlet (13) for discharging air into the dust collection chamber, the air outlet (13)　being provided to an inner side wall (12, 14) of the dust collection chamber; and an extraction port (15) for drawing in air in the dust collection chamber, the extraction port (15) being provided to an inner side wall facing the inner side wall to which the air outlet is provided. An air discharge port (13) for discharging air in a horizontal curtain-like shape is provided as the air outlet. The amount of airflow discharged from the air discharge port is less than the amount of airflow drawn into the extraction port. The above dust collection device makes it possible to remove fumes and dust in an effective manner.

Description

熱加工機の集塵装置Dust collector for thermal processing machine
　本発明は、レーザ加工機やプラズマ加工機などの熱加工機の集塵装置[a dust collection apparatus for a thermal processing machine]に関する。 The present invention relates to a dust collecting device [a dust collection apparatus for a thermal processing machine] such as a laser processing machine or a plasma processing machine.
　下記特許文献１及び２は、プッシュプル方式[push-pull type]の集塵装置を開示している。その集塵装置では、ワークの加工エリアの一側に吹出口[ejection port]が設けられるとともに、他側に吹出口と対向する抽出口[extraction port]が設けられている。ワーク加工時に発生したヒュームや粉塵[fume and dust]は、給気装置[air supply device]によって吹出口から抽出口へと流される空気によって抽出口に押し込まれる（プッシュ）と共に、抽出口に接続された吸引装置[suction device]によって吸い出される（プル）。 Patent Documents 1 and 2 listed below disclose push-pull type dust collectors. In the dust collector, a blowout port [ejection port] is provided on one side of the workpiece processing area, and an extraction port [extraction port] facing the blowout port is provided on the other side. Fume and dust generated during workpiece machining are pushed into the extraction port by the air flowing from the blower outlet to the extraction port by the air supply device [air supply device], and connected to the extraction port. It is sucked out (pull) by a suction device [suction device].
日本国特開２００５－１４４４５４号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-144454 日本国特開２０００－１４１０７５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-141075
　上述した従来の集塵装置では、ワークの周辺に発生する汚染空気の排気が充分でない。このため、ヒュームがワークの周辺に滞留してワークに汚れとして付着したり、ヒュームや粉塵がプッシュエアによって舞い上げられてしまう。 In the conventional dust collector described above, exhaust of contaminated air generated around the work is not sufficient. For this reason, the fume stays around the work and adheres to the work as dirt, or the fume and dust are lifted by the push air.
　本発明の目的は、ヒュームや粉塵を効果的に除去することのできる熱加工機の集塵装置を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a dust collector for a thermal processing machine that can effectively remove fume and dust.
　本発明の特徴は、熱加工機の集塵装置であって、板状のワークの加工エリアの下方に設けられた、上方が開放された集塵室を備えるフレームと、前記集塵室の内側壁に設けられ、前記集塵室内に空気を噴き出す吹出口と、前記吹出口が設けられた前記内側壁と対向する内側壁に設けられ、前記集塵室内の空気を吸い込む抽出口と、を備えており、前記吹出口として、空気を水平なカーテン状に噴き出すエア噴出孔が設けられ、前記エア噴出孔から噴き出されるエア流量が前記抽出口で吸い込まれるエア流量よりも少なくされる、熱加工機の集塵装置を提供する。 A feature of the present invention is a dust collector for a thermal processing machine, which is provided below a processing area of a plate-like workpiece, and includes a frame having a dust collection chamber opened upward, and an inside of the dust collection chamber A blowout port provided on a wall and for blowing air into the dust collection chamber; and an extraction port provided on an inner wall opposite to the inner wall on which the blowout port is provided and for sucking air in the dust collection chamber. The air outlet is provided with an air ejection hole for ejecting air in a horizontal curtain shape, and the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole is less than the air flow rate sucked at the extraction port. Provide dust collector for the machine.
　上記特徴によれば、エア噴出孔（吹出口）から噴き出されるエア流量が抽出口で吸い込むエア流量よりも少なくされるので、エア噴出孔から噴き出されたエアは全て抽出口に吸い込まれ、かつ、周囲の空気も抽出口に吸い込まれる。この結果、ワークの下方で、かつ、エア噴出孔から抽出口に向かって流れる空気流の上方に負圧領域が形成される。特に、エア噴出孔から噴き出された水平なカーテン状の空気流が抽出口で吸い込まれるので、エア噴出孔から抽出口へと帯状の空気流を積極的に生成することができ、帯状の空気流の上方に負圧領域を好適に形成することができる。負圧領域は、集塵室内の空気の抽出口からの吸い出しと、周囲の空気の速い流れの空気流への巻き込みとで形成される。加工時に発生するヒュームや粉塵を、ワークの周囲に滞留させることなく、効率よく抽出口に吸い込むことができる。この結果、ヒュームの付着によるワークの汚れ及びヒュームの舞い上がりの両方を確実に防ぐことができる。 According to the above feature, since the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole (air outlet) is less than the air flow rate sucked at the extraction port, all the air ejected from the air ejection port is sucked into the extraction port, And ambient air is also sucked into the extraction port. As a result, a negative pressure region is formed below the work and above the air flow flowing from the air ejection hole toward the extraction port. In particular, since the horizontal curtain-like air flow ejected from the air ejection hole is sucked in by the extraction port, a belt-like air flow can be actively generated from the air ejection hole to the extraction port. A negative pressure region can be suitably formed above the flow. The negative pressure region is formed by sucking out air from the extraction port in the dust collection chamber and entraining the surrounding air in a fast air flow. Fume and dust generated during processing can be efficiently sucked into the extraction port without staying around the work. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent both the contamination of the workpiece and the rising of the fume due to the fume adhesion.
　ここで、前記抽出口が、前記エア噴出孔の高さよりも低い位置に設けられている、ことが好ましい。 Here, it is preferable that the extraction port is provided at a position lower than the height of the air ejection hole.
　このようにすれば、エア噴出孔から噴き出されて抽出口に吸い込まれる空気流を下向きの流れにでき、ワークの上方から下方に流れる空気流を抽出口に円滑に導くことができる。 In this way, the air flow that is ejected from the air ejection hole and sucked into the extraction port can be turned downward, and the air flow that flows downward from above the workpiece can be smoothly guided to the extraction port.
　また、前記エア噴出孔が、前記内側壁に水平に配列して複数設けられており、複数の前記エア噴出孔の背後に、給気装置から供給された昇圧エアを複数の前記エア噴出孔に分配する分配室が設けられている、ことが好ましい。 A plurality of the air ejection holes are horizontally arranged on the inner wall, and the pressurized air supplied from the air supply device is provided behind the plurality of air ejection holes to the plurality of air ejection holes. A distribution chamber for distribution is preferably provided.
　このようにすれば、カーテン状の水平な空気流を容易に形成することができる。また、複数のエア噴出孔でカーテン状の水平な空気流を生成するので、各エア噴出孔を小さな円孔として形成することができる。従って、設計製作が容易になると共に、噴き出されるエア流量を制限しつつ、容易に流速を高めることができる。さらに、複数のエア噴出孔の背後に各エア噴出孔に空気を分配する分配室が設けられているので、分配室までは１本の給気管で空気を供給できる。 In this way, a curtain-like horizontal air flow can be easily formed. Moreover, since a curtain-like horizontal air flow is generated by the plurality of air ejection holes, each air ejection hole can be formed as a small circular hole. Therefore, the design and manufacture are facilitated, and the flow velocity can be easily increased while restricting the flow rate of the ejected air. Furthermore, since the distribution chamber which distributes air to each air ejection hole is provided behind the plurality of air ejection holes, the air can be supplied to the distribution chamber with a single air supply pipe.
　また、前記集塵室が水平方向に配列されて複数設けられ、複数の前記集塵室のそれぞれに、前記エア噴出孔及び前記抽出口が設けられ、前記ワークに熱加工を行う移動可能な加工ヘッドの加工位置の下方に位置する集塵室の前記エア噴出孔及び前記抽出口のみを開放し、かつ、他の集塵室の前記エア噴出孔及び前記抽出口を閉鎖する開閉機を制御する制御装置をさらに備えている、ことが好ましい。 A plurality of dust collection chambers arranged in a horizontal direction are provided, each of the plurality of dust collection chambers is provided with the air ejection hole and the extraction port, and movable processing for performing heat processing on the workpiece. Controls an opening / closing machine that opens only the air ejection hole and the extraction port of the dust collection chamber located below the processing position of the head and closes the air ejection hole and the extraction port of another dust collection chamber. It is preferable that the apparatus further includes a control device.
　このようにすれば、加工位置の下方の集塵室だけが稼働されるので、エネルギー効率が良く、給気装置や吸引装置の性能を最小限に抑えることができる。 In this way, since only the dust collection chamber below the processing position is operated, energy efficiency is good and the performance of the air supply device and the suction device can be minimized.
　ここで、前記エア噴出孔の前記開閉機として、前記エア噴出孔に前記昇圧エアを供給する給気管上にバルブが設けられ、前記抽出口の前記開閉機として、前記抽出口と吸引装置との間にダンパが設けられている、ことがさらに好ましい。 Here, as the opening / closing device of the air ejection hole, a valve is provided on an air supply pipe for supplying the pressurized air to the air ejection hole, and as the opening / closing device of the extraction port, the extraction port and the suction device More preferably, a damper is provided between them.
　このようにすれば、使用設備を最適化できる。 In this way, the equipment used can be optimized.
（ａ）は実施形態に係る集塵装置におけるフレーム構造を、抽出口側から吹出口側を見た斜視図であり、（ｂ）は吹出口側から抽出口側を見た斜視図である。(A) is the perspective view which looked at the blower outlet side from the extraction outlet side, and (b) is the perspective view which looked at the extraction outlet side from the blower outlet side, about the frame structure in the dust collector which concerns on embodiment. 図１（ｂ）中のＩＩ－ＩＩ線断面図である。It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line in FIG.1 (b). 図２中の右側部分の拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of the right side part in FIG. 図３に示されたダンパユニットの斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the damper unit shown in FIG. 3. 図１に示された吹出口周辺の拡大斜視図である。It is an expansion perspective view of the blower outlet periphery shown by FIG. （ａ）は図５に示された吹出口ユニットを表側から見た斜視図であり、（ｂ）は裏側から見た斜視図である。(A) is the perspective view which looked at the blower outlet unit shown by FIG. 5 from the front side, (b) is the perspective view seen from the back side. 上記集塵装置のシステム図である。It is a system diagram of the dust collector.
　以下、熱加工機の集塵装置の実施形態について図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態における熱加工機は、レーザ加工機（熱切断加工機）である。図１（ａ）、図１（ｂ）及び図２に示されるように、熱加工機は、集塵装置１の主要素としての箱状のフレーム２を備えている。なお、フレーム２は熱加工機の本体フレームとしても機能する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of a dust collector of a thermal processing machine will be described with reference to the drawings. The thermal processing machine in the present embodiment is a laser processing machine (thermal cutting processing machine). As shown in FIGS. 1A, 1 </ b> B, and 2, the thermal processing machine includes a box-shaped frame 2 as a main element of the dust collector 1. The frame 2 also functions as a main body frame of the heat processing machine.
　フレーム２の上方には、板状のワークＷ（図２参照）を水平に支持するワークテーブル（図示せず）が配置される。ワークテーブルの位置が、加工エリア（図２中のワークＷが支持されている位置）にほぼ相当する。また、図２に示されるように、ワークテーブルの上面がワークＷのパスラインＰＬである。 A work table (not shown) for horizontally supporting a plate-like work W (see FIG. 2) is disposed above the frame 2. The position of the work table substantially corresponds to the machining area (the position where the work W in FIG. 2 is supported). Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface of the work table is a pass line PL of the work W.
　フレーム２は、Ｘ軸方向に延びる一対のガイドレール３を備えている。各ガイドレール３には、キャリッジ（図示せず）がＸ軸方向に移動可能に設けられている。そして、ワークＷに熱切断加工を行うレーザ加工ヘッド５（図２参照）が、Ｙ軸方向に移動可能にキャリッジに設けられている。 The frame 2 includes a pair of guide rails 3 extending in the X-axis direction. Each guide rail 3 is provided with a carriage (not shown) so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. And the laser processing head 5 (refer FIG. 2) which performs the heat cutting process to the workpiece | work W is provided in the carriage so that a movement in the Y-axis direction is possible.
　図１（ａ）及び図１（ｂ）に示されるように、フレーム２の内側は、仕切板１１によって、複数の集塵室１０に分割・区画されている。各集塵室１０は、Ｙ方向に延在されており、上方が大きく開放されると共に、下方に行くほど狭められている。各集塵室１０は、は、底部も開放されており、切断されて落下する製品やスクラップを集塵室１０の下方のバケット（図示せず）へと排出させるシュータとしても機能する。Ｙ軸方向に沿って互いに対向する各集塵室１０の内側壁１２及び１４には、エア噴出孔[air injection holes]（吹出口）１３及び抽出口１５が、それぞれ形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the inside of the frame 2 is divided and partitioned into a plurality of dust collection chambers 10 by a partition plate 11. Each dust collection chamber 10 extends in the Y direction, and the upper part is largely opened and narrowed toward the lower part. Each dust collection chamber 10 has an open bottom, and also functions as a shooter that discharges products and scrap that are cut and dropped to a bucket (not shown) below the dust collection chamber 10. On the inner walls 12 and 14 of the dust collection chambers 10 facing each other along the Y-axis direction, an air ejection hole 13 and an extraction port 15 are formed, respectively.
　集塵装置１では、エア噴出孔１３から集塵室１０へと空気が噴出され、抽出口１５から集塵室１０内の空気が吸い込まれて外部に排出される。この結果、ワークＷの加工時に発生するヒュームや粉塵を除去できる。 In the dust collector 1, air is ejected from the air ejection holes 13 to the dust collection chamber 10, and the air in the dust collection chamber 10 is sucked from the extraction port 15 and discharged to the outside. As a result, it is possible to remove fumes and dust generated when the workpiece W is processed.
　図２及び図３に示されるように、抽出口１５の背後には、ダンパユニット２０が組み込まれている。ダンパユニット２０のケーシング２３は、内部が下部空間２７と上部空間２８とに分割されている箱型を有している。上部空間２８の背面（外面）には、排出口２９が形成されている。下部空間２７の前面（内面）には、抽出口１５と連通する吸入口２６が設けられている。 2 and 3, a damper unit 20 is incorporated behind the extraction port 15. The casing 23 of the damper unit 20 has a box shape whose interior is divided into a lower space 27 and an upper space 28. A discharge port 29 is formed on the back surface (outer surface) of the upper space 28. A suction port 26 communicating with the extraction port 15 is provided on the front surface (inner surface) of the lower space 27.
　上部空間２８には、回動軸２２に支持されたダンパ羽根[damper blade]２１が設けられている。なお、ダンパ羽根２１で開閉される部分をダンパ（開閉機[gating switch]）２０Ａと称する。図４に示されるように、回動軸２２がレバー２５を介してエアシリンダ２４によって回動されると、ダンパ羽根２１によって通気路（吸入口２６と排出口２９とをつなぐ通路）が開放／遮断される。 The upper space 28 is provided with a damper blade 21 supported by the rotating shaft 22. A portion opened and closed by the damper blade 21 is referred to as a damper (gating switch) 20A. As shown in FIG. 4, when the rotation shaft 22 is rotated by the air cylinder 24 via the lever 25, the damper passage 21 opens the air passage (passage connecting the suction port 26 and the discharge port 29). Blocked.
　また、図２に示されるように、エア噴出孔（吹出口）１３は、集塵室１０の内側壁１２に水平に配列されている。このため、エア噴出孔１３は、ワークＷ（パスラインＰＬ）から下方に距離Ｈ離れた高さ位置で、空気を水平なカーテン状に噴き出す。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the air ejection holes (air outlets) 13 are horizontally arranged on the inner wall 12 of the dust collection chamber 10. For this reason, the air ejection hole 13 ejects air in the form of a horizontal curtain at a height position away from the workpiece W (pass line PL) by a distance H.
　エア噴出孔１３は、図２中の矢印ＦＬで示されるように空気を水平に噴き出す。また、抽出口１５は、エア噴出孔１３の高さよりも低い位置に設けられている。従って、エア噴出孔１３から噴き出された空気は、噴き出された直後は水平に流れるが、徐々に斜めに下降して抽出口１５に吸い込まれる。 The air ejection hole 13 ejects air horizontally as indicated by an arrow FL in FIG. Further, the extraction port 15 is provided at a position lower than the height of the air ejection hole 13. Therefore, the air ejected from the air ejection hole 13 flows horizontally immediately after being ejected, but gradually descends obliquely and is sucked into the extraction port 15.
　図５に示されるように、複数のエア噴出孔１３は、フレーム２に取り付けられる吹出口ユニット３０（図６（ａ）及び図６（ｂ）参照）の正面板３１に一列に配列されている。エア噴出孔１３の背後には、ブロアやコンプレッサなどの給気装置４０（図７参照）から供給された昇圧エアを複数のエア噴出孔１３に分配する分配室[distribution chamber]３２が設けられている。分配室３２には接続口３３が設けられており、接続口３３には給気装置４０への配管が接続される。 As shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of air ejection holes 13 are arranged in a row on the front plate 31 of the air outlet unit 30 (see FIGS. 6A and 6B) attached to the frame 2. . A distribution chamber [distribution１３chamber] 32 that distributes the pressurized air supplied from an air supply device 40 (see FIG. 7) such as a blower or a compressor to the plurality of air ejection holes 13 is provided behind the air ejection holes 13. Yes. The distribution chamber 32 is provided with a connection port 33, and a pipe to the air supply device 40 is connected to the connection port 33.
　本実施形態の集塵装置１では、エア噴出孔１３から噴き出されるエア流量が抽出口１５に吸い込まれるエア流量よりも少なくされた（例えば、数百分の一の僅かな流量に制限された）状態で、抽出口１５を通して空気を吸い出すことで、エア噴出孔１３から抽出口１５への空気流Ｆ（図２参照）を形成することができる。同時に、ワークＷの下方で、かつ、空気流Ｆの上方に、負圧領域[negative pressure zone]Ｓも形成することができる。 In the dust collector 1 of this embodiment, the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole 13 is smaller than the air flow rate sucked into the extraction port 15 (for example, limited to a slight flow rate of one hundredth. ) State, the air flow F (see FIG. 2) from the air ejection hole 13 to the extraction port 15 can be formed by sucking air through the extraction port 15. At the same time, a negative pressure region [negative pressure zone] S can be formed below the workpiece W and above the air flow F.
　図７に示されるように、吹出口ユニット３０の分配室３２（接続口３３）には、給気装置４０のメイン給気管４１から分岐された分岐管４３が、バルブ（開閉機）４２を介して接続されている。また、ダンパユニット２０の排出口２９には、吸引装置５０のメインダクト５２へと集合される集合ダクト５１が接続されている。なお、吸引装置５０は、吸引したヒュームや粉塵を集塵する集塵ユニットとしても機能する。 As shown in FIG. 7, a branch pipe 43 branched from the main air supply pipe 41 of the air supply device 40 is provided in the distribution chamber 32 (connection port 33) of the air outlet unit 30 via a valve (opening / closing machine) 42. Connected. In addition, the discharge port 29 of the damper unit 20 is connected to a collective duct 51 that collects to the main duct 52 of the suction device 50. The suction device 50 also functions as a dust collection unit that collects the sucked fume and dust.
　また、集塵装置１は、上述した開閉機としてのダンパ２０Ａ及びバルブ４２を制御する制御装置[controller]６０（図７参照）も備えている。制御装置は、ダンパ２０Ａ及びバルブ４２を制御して、移動可能なレーザ加工ヘッド５の下方に位置する集塵室１０のエア噴出孔１３及び抽出口１５（排出口２９）のみを開放し、他の集塵室１０のエア噴出孔１３及び抽出口１５（排出口２９）を閉鎖する。 The dust collector 1 also includes a control device 60 (see FIG. 7) that controls the damper 20A and the valve 42 as the above-described opening and closing machine. The control device controls the damper 20A and the valve 42 to open only the air ejection hole 13 and the extraction port 15 (discharge port 29) of the dust collection chamber 10 located below the movable laser processing head 5, and the like. The air ejection hole 13 and the extraction port 15 (discharge port 29) of the dust collection chamber 10 are closed.
　次に、集塵装置の操作について説明する。レーザ加工ヘッド５からレーザビームを照射してワークＷを加工（切断や溶接）時には、加工位置下方の集塵室１０のエア噴出孔１３及び抽出口１５が開放され（バルブ４２が開かれ、かつ、ダンパ２０Ａが開かれ）、集塵室１０内の空気が抽出口１５から外部に排出される。このとき、加工に伴って発生するヒュームや粉塵類も排出される。 Next, the operation of the dust collector will be described. When processing the workpiece W by irradiating a laser beam from the laser processing head 5 (cutting or welding), the air ejection hole 13 and the extraction port 15 of the dust collection chamber 10 below the processing position are opened (the valve 42 is opened, and The damper 20A is opened), and the air in the dust collection chamber 10 is discharged from the extraction port 15 to the outside. At this time, fumes and dusts generated during processing are also discharged.
　エア噴出孔１３から噴き出されるエア流量が抽出口１５に吸い込まれるエア流量よりも小なくされるので、エア噴出孔１３から噴き出されたエアは全て抽出口１５に吸い込まれ、かつ、周囲の空気も抽出口１５に吸い込まれる。 Since the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole 13 is made smaller than the air flow rate sucked into the extraction port 15, all the air ejected from the air ejection port 13 is sucked into the extraction port 15 and the surroundings Air is also sucked into the extraction port 15.
　特に、上述したように、ワークＷから下方に距離Ｈ離れた高さ位置で、エア噴出孔１３からエアを水平に噴き出し、かつ、集塵室１０内の空気を抽出口１５から吸い出すことで、エア噴出孔１３から抽出口１５へと帯状の空気流Ｆを積極的に生成することができると共に、ワークＷの下方で、かつ、空気流Ｆの上方に負圧領域Ｓも形成することができる。なお、負圧領域Ｓは、集塵室１０内の空気の抽出口１５からの吸い出しと、周囲の空気の速い流れの空気流Ｆへの巻き込みとで形成される。 In particular, as described above, at a height position away from the workpiece W by a distance H, the air is ejected horizontally from the air ejection holes 13, and the air in the dust collection chamber 10 is sucked out from the extraction port 15, A belt-like air flow F can be actively generated from the air ejection hole 13 to the extraction port 15, and a negative pressure region S can also be formed below the work W and above the air flow F. . Note that the negative pressure region S is formed by sucking out air from the extraction port 15 in the dust collection chamber 10 and entraining the surrounding air in a fast air flow F.
　なお、距離Ｈは、１００ｍｍ～４００ｍｍ程度に設定されている。距離Ｈが小さい（１００ｍｍ未満である）と、周囲の空気が巻き込まれないので負圧領域Ｓが十分に形成されず、ヒュームの舞い上がりが発生してしまう。一方、距離Ｈが大きすぎると（４００ｍｍを超えると）、空気流Ｆによる周囲の空気の巻き込み効果が薄れてやはり負圧領域Ｓが十分に形成されず、ヒュームの舞い上がりが発生してしまう。従って、距離Ｈは、エア噴出孔１３から噴き出されるエア流量や、抽出口１５に吸い込まれるエア流量などの条件を考慮して設定される。 The distance H is set to about 100 mm to 400 mm. If the distance H is small (less than 100 mm), the surrounding air is not entrained, so the negative pressure region S is not sufficiently formed, and the fume rises. On the other hand, if the distance H is too large (exceeding 400 mm), the effect of the surrounding air by the air flow F is weakened, and the negative pressure region S is not sufficiently formed, so that the fume rises. Accordingly, the distance H is set in consideration of conditions such as the air flow rate ejected from the air ejection holes 13 and the air flow rate sucked into the extraction port 15.
　負圧領域Ｓを形成させることで、負圧領域Ｓに流れ込む空気流Ｋ（図２参照）を形成するができる。このため、加工時に発生するヒュームや粉塵を、ワークＷの周囲に滞留させることなく、効率よく抽出口１５に吸い込むことができる。この結果、ヒュームの付着によるワークＷの汚れ及びヒュームの舞い上がりの両方を確実に防ぐことができる。 By forming the negative pressure region S, an air flow K (see FIG. 2) flowing into the negative pressure region S can be formed. For this reason, the fumes and dust generated during processing can be efficiently sucked into the extraction port 15 without staying around the workpiece W. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent both the contamination of the workpiece W and the rising of the fume due to the fume adhesion.
　抽出口１５からの吸引だけでは形成される空気流Ｆが不安定になるが、エア噴出孔１３から噴き出される僅かな流量の空気による弱い流れを加えることで安定した空気流Ｆを形成することができる。また、空気流Ｆによる周囲の空気の巻き込みによって負圧領域Ｓも形成することができる。この結果、ワークＷの上方から下方へ流れる空気流Ｋも形成でき、ヒュームや粉塵を抽出口１５に速やかに導くことができる。さらに、抽出口１５をエア噴出孔１３より低い位置に設けることで空気流Ｆを下向きの流れにでき、上述した空気流Ｋを抽出口１５に円滑に導くことができる。 The air flow F formed by the suction from the extraction port 15 becomes unstable, but a stable air flow F is formed by adding a weak flow caused by a slight flow rate of air ejected from the air ejection holes 13. Can do. Further, the negative pressure region S can also be formed by the surrounding air being entrained by the air flow F. As a result, an air flow K that flows downward from above the workpiece W can also be formed, and fume and dust can be quickly guided to the extraction port 15. Furthermore, by providing the extraction port 15 at a position lower than the air ejection hole 13, the air flow F can be made downward, and the above-described air flow K can be smoothly guided to the extraction port 15.
　複数のエア噴出孔１３が水平方向に配列されているので、カーテン状の水平な空気流Ｆを容易に形成することができる。また、複数のエア噴出孔１３でカーテン状の水平な空気流を生成するので、各エア噴出孔１３を小さな円孔（例えば、直径１ｍｍ～２ｍｍ）として形成することができる。従って、設計製作が容易になると共に、噴き出されるエア流量を制限しつつ、容易に流速を高めることができる。さらに、複数のエア噴出孔１３の背後に各エア噴出孔１３に空気を分配する分配室３２が設けられているので、分配室３２までは１本の給気管で空気を供給できる。 Since the plurality of air ejection holes 13 are arranged in the horizontal direction, a curtain-like horizontal air flow F can be easily formed. Further, since a plurality of air ejection holes 13 generate a curtain-like horizontal air flow, each air ejection hole 13 can be formed as a small circular hole (for example, a diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm). Therefore, the design and manufacture are facilitated, and the flow velocity can be easily increased while restricting the flow rate of the ejected air. Further, since the distribution chambers 32 for distributing the air to the air ejection holes 13 are provided behind the plurality of air ejection holes 13, the air can be supplied to the distribution chambers 32 with a single air supply pipe.
　また、本実施形態の集塵装置では、加工位置の下方の集塵室１０だけが稼働されるので、エネルギー効率が良く、給気装置４０や吸引装置５０の性能を最小限に抑えることができる。さらに、給気側の開閉機としてバルブ４２が使用され、抽出側の開閉機としてダンパ２０Ａが使用されるので、使用設備を最適化できる。 Moreover, in the dust collector of this embodiment, since only the dust collection chamber 10 below a processing position is operated, energy efficiency is good and the performance of the air supply device 40 and the suction device 50 can be minimized. . Furthermore, since the valve 42 is used as the supply side switch and the damper 20A is used as the extraction side switch, the equipment used can be optimized.

Claims (5)

  1. 　熱加工機の集塵装置であって、
    　板状のワークの加工エリアの下方に設けられた、上方が開放された集塵室を備えるフレームと、
    　前記集塵室の内側壁に設けられ、前記集塵室内に空気を噴き出す吹出口と、
    　前記吹出口が設けられた前記内側壁と対向する内側壁に設けられ、前記集塵室内の空気を吸い込む抽出口と、を備えており、
    　前記吹出口として、空気を水平なカーテン状に噴き出すエア噴出孔が設けられ、
    　前記エア噴出孔から噴き出されるエア流量が前記抽出口で吸い込まれるエア流量よりも少なくされる、熱加工機の集塵装置。     A dust collector for a thermal processing machine,
    A frame provided with a dust collection chamber open on the upper side, provided below the processing area of the plate-like workpiece;
    An air outlet provided on an inner wall of the dust collecting chamber, and for blowing air into the dust collecting chamber;
    An extraction port that is provided on an inner wall opposite to the inner wall provided with the air outlet, and sucks air in the dust collection chamber,
    As the air outlet, an air ejection hole for ejecting air into a horizontal curtain shape is provided,
    A dust collector for a thermal processing machine, wherein an air flow rate ejected from the air ejection hole is less than an air flow rate sucked at the extraction port.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の熱加工機の集塵装置であって、
    　前記抽出口が、前記エア噴出孔の高さよりも低い位置に設けられている、熱加工機の集塵装置。     A dust collector for a thermal processing machine according to claim 1,
    A dust collector for a thermal processing machine, wherein the extraction port is provided at a position lower than a height of the air ejection hole.
  3. 　請求項１又は２に記載の熱加工機の集塵装置であって、
    　前記エア噴出孔が、前記内側壁に水平に配列して複数設けられており、
    　複数の前記エア噴出孔の背後に、給気装置から供給された昇圧エアを複数の前記エア噴出孔に分配する分配室が設けられている、熱加工機の集塵装置。     A dust collector for a thermal processing machine according to claim 1 or 2,
    A plurality of the air ejection holes are arranged horizontally on the inner wall;
    A dust collector for a thermal processing machine, wherein a distribution chamber for distributing the pressurized air supplied from an air supply device to the plurality of air ejection holes is provided behind the plurality of air ejection holes.
  4. 　請求項１～３の何れか一項に記載の熱加工機の集塵装置であって、
    　前記集塵室が水平方向に配列されて複数設けられ、
    　複数の前記集塵室のそれぞれに、前記エア噴出孔及び前記抽出口が設けられ、
    　前記ワークに熱加工を行う移動可能な加工ヘッドの加工位置の下方に位置する集塵室の前記エア噴出孔及び前記抽出口のみを開放し、かつ、他の集塵室の前記エア噴出孔及び前記抽出口を閉鎖する開閉機を制御する制御装置をさらに備えている、熱加工機の集塵装置。     A dust collector for a thermal processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    A plurality of the dust collection chambers are arranged in a horizontal direction,
    Each of the plurality of dust collection chambers is provided with the air ejection hole and the extraction port,
    Only the air ejection hole and the extraction port of the dust collection chamber located below the machining position of the movable machining head that performs thermal machining on the workpiece are opened, and the air ejection holes of the other dust collection chambers and A dust collector for a thermal processing machine, further comprising a control device for controlling an opening / closing device that closes the extraction port.
  5. 　請求項４に記載の熱加工機の集塵装置であって、
    　前記エア噴出孔の前記開閉機として、前記エア噴出孔に前記昇圧エアを供給する給気管上にバルブが設けられ、
    　前記抽出口の前記開閉機として、前記抽出口と吸引装置との間にダンパが設けられている、熱加工機の集塵装置。     A dust collector for a thermal processing machine according to claim 4,
    As the opening / closing device of the air ejection hole, a valve is provided on an air supply pipe for supplying the pressurized air to the air ejection hole,
    A dust collector for a thermal processing machine, wherein a damper is provided between the extraction port and a suction device as the opening / closing device of the extraction port.
PCT/JP2014/079043 2013-11-08 2014-10-31 Dust collection device for thermal processing machine WO2015068649A1 (en)

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JP2013-231656 2013-11-08
JP2013231656A JP6240477B2 (en) 2013-11-08 2013-11-08 Dust collector for thermal processing machine

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WO2015068649A1 true WO2015068649A1 (en) 2015-05-14

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CN109654518B (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-04-07 中北大学 Soot blowing optimization method for heating surface of coal-fired power plant boiler
JP2021065926A (en) * 2019-10-28 2021-04-30 株式会社アマダ Dust collecting device of thermal processing machine
JP7474637B2 (en) 2020-05-22 2024-04-25 株式会社アマダ Laser processing machine

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