WO2014185250A1 - ハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法 - Google Patents

ハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014185250A1
WO2014185250A1 PCT/JP2014/061620 JP2014061620W WO2014185250A1 WO 2014185250 A1 WO2014185250 A1 WO 2014185250A1 JP 2014061620 W JP2014061620 W JP 2014061620W WO 2014185250 A1 WO2014185250 A1 WO 2014185250A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
hybrid vehicle
battery
control method
warm
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PCT/JP2014/061620
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
治雄 鈴木
芳久 小泉
洋紀 瀬戸
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いすゞ自動車株式会社
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Publication of WO2014185250A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014185250A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/192—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine
    • B60W30/194—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine related to low temperature conditions, e.g. high viscosity of hydraulic fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/068—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for warming-up
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/04—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/06—Exhaust brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/445—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
    • B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/50—Drive Train control parameters related to clutches
    • B60L2240/507—Operating parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
    • F02D2250/24—Control of the engine output torque by using an external load, e.g. a generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hybrid vehicle and a control method thereof, and more particularly to a hybrid vehicle and a control method thereof that can promote engine warm-up without deteriorating fuel consumption.
  • hybrid vehicles in which at least part of the driving force generated by the internal combustion engine is replaced by a travel motor using a battery as a power source have attracted attention from the viewpoint of improving fuel efficiency and environmental measures. .
  • the exhaust brake device is activated during warm-up operation to increase the load.
  • the exhaust brake device is activated during warm-up operation to increase the load.
  • it has been conventionally performed to promote warm-up.
  • idle-up may be performed simultaneously.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid vehicle capable of promoting engine warm-up without deteriorating fuel consumption and a control method thereof.
  • the hybrid vehicle of the present invention that achieves the above object is a hybrid vehicle comprising a hybrid system using at least one of an electric motor connected to a battery and an engine as a drive source, and a control means for controlling the hybrid system.
  • the control means is characterized in that, during the warm-up operation of the engine, the travel motor is driven by a part of the driving force of the engine to generate electric power, and the battery is charged with the generated electric power. is there.
  • an exhaust throttle valve is interposed in the exhaust passage of the engine, and the control means can further promote the warm-up of the engine by closing the exhaust throttle valve during the warm-up operation of the engine. it can.
  • the control means is preset when at least one selected from the temperature of the cooling water in the engine, the temperature of the lubricating oil of the engine, and the outside temperature of the hybrid vehicle when the switch operated by the driver of the hybrid vehicle is on. It is desirable to close the exhaust throttle valve when it is below the set threshold value.
  • a hybrid vehicle control method of the present invention that achieves the above object is a hybrid vehicle control method including a hybrid system that uses at least one of an electric motor connected to a battery and an engine as a drive source. During the warm-up operation, the traveling motor is driven by a part of the driving force of the engine, and the battery is charged with the electric power generated by the traveling motor.
  • the battery is charged with the electric power generated by driving the travel motor with a part of the driving force of the engine. Since the engine is warmed up in a high negative driving state, warming up of the engine is promoted, and part of the rotational energy of the engine is charged into the battery as electric power, so that deterioration of fuel consumption can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hybrid vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a hybrid vehicle control method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a hybrid vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a hybrid vehicle control method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hybrid vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • This hybrid vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “HEV”) 1A includes a diesel engine 5 and a travel motor 6 that are connected via a transmission 4 to an output shaft 3 that transmits a driving force to a pair of left and right drive wheels 2 and 2.
  • a hybrid system 9 having a battery 8 electrically connected to the traveling motor 6 through an inverter 7 is provided.
  • a wet multi-plate clutch 10 and a fluid coupling 11 are sequentially provided between the transmission 4 and the diesel engine 5.
  • a motor clutch 12 that connects and disconnects the driving force is interposed between the transmission 4 and the traveling motor 6.
  • the hybrid system 9 is connected to the ECU 13 as a control means through a signal line (indicated by a one-dot chain line).
  • the ECU 13 determines whether the HEV 1A is in a warm-up operation (S10). If the HEV 1A is in a warm-up operation, the ECU 13 connects the motor clutch 12 and uses the travel motor 6 as a generator to generate an inverter 7 The battery 8 is charged through (S12). This operation increases the load of the diesel engine 5 and increases the amount of heat generated in the high negative operation state, so that warming up of the diesel engine 5 is promoted. In addition, since a part of the rotational energy of the diesel engine 5 is charged into the battery 8 as electric power, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the fuel efficiency of the HEV 1A.
  • the rated maximum capacity of the battery 8 is a value defined in advance according to the specifications of the battery 8, for example, a state where the storage rate (SOC) is 70 to 90%.
  • each part of the diesel engine 5 has reached an appropriate temperature (S20). When the temperature is at an appropriate temperature, it is determined that the diesel engine 5 has been warmed up (S22), and the motor clutch 12 is turned on. Disconnect (S24). Examples of the temperature of each part of the diesel engine 5 include the temperature of cooling water and the temperature of lubricating oil (engine oil).
  • the warm-up of the diesel engine 5 can be promoted without deteriorating the fuel consumption.
  • FIG. 3 shows a hybrid vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • symbol is attached
  • an exhaust throttle valve 15 constituting an exhaust brake is interposed in an exhaust passage 14 through which exhaust gas G from the diesel engine 5 flows.
  • the exhaust throttle valve 15 is closed to increase the exhaust pressure of the diesel engine 5, thereby increasing the pumping loss and obtaining a large braking force.
  • the diesel engine 5 is provided with a cooling water thermometer 16 for measuring the temperature of the cooling water in the engine and an oil thermometer 17 for measuring the temperature of the engine oil. Furthermore, an outside air thermometer 18 for measuring the outside air temperature around the HEV 1B is provided.
  • the exhaust throttle valve 15 and the three thermometers 16, 17, 18 are connected to the ECU 13 through signal lines, respectively.
  • the predetermined requirement for closing the exhaust throttle valve 15 is that a measured value of at least one thermometer 16/17/18 selected from the cooling water thermometer 16, the oil thermometer 17, and the outside air thermometer 18 is previously set.
  • the case where it is less than the set threshold value is preferably exemplified.
  • the threshold value is in the range of -20 to 0 ° C for the coolant temperature, -20 to 0 ° C for the engine oil, and -20 to 0 ° C for the outside air temperature. .
  • the ECU 13 may close the exhaust throttle valve 15 when a switch operated by the driver of the HEV 1B is turned on instead of determining whether or not there is a predetermined requirement as in step 13.
  • the diesel engine 5 can be warmed up more rapidly than the control method according to the first embodiment. Accordingly, although there is energy loss due to pumping loss, warm-up is performed rapidly in this way, so that overall deterioration of fuel consumption can be further suppressed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本発明に係るハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法は、ＥＣＵ（１３）が、ＨＥＶ（１Ａ）が暖機運転時であるかを判定し（Ｓ１０）、暖機運転時である場合には、モータ用クラッチ（１２）を接続し、かつ走行モータ（６）を発電機として使用してインバータ（７）を通じてバッテリー（８）を充電することを特徴とするものである。

Description

ハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法
　本発明はハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法に関し、更に詳しくは、燃費を悪化させることなくエンジンの暖機を促進することができるハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法に関する。
　近年、燃費向上と環境対策などの観点から、内燃機関が発生する駆動力の少なくとも一部を、バッテリーを電源とする走行モータで代替するハイブリッド車両（以下「ＨＥＶ」という。）が注目されている。
　このＨＥＶにおいても、通常の車両と同様に、冷間始動時には内燃機関の暖機運転を行うことが好ましい。ここで、内燃機関をディーゼルエンジンとする通常の車両においては、例えば日本出願の特開平１１－１４８３７５号公報に記載されているように、暖機運転時に排気ブレーキ装置を起動して負荷を増加させることで、暖機を促進することが従来より行われている。なお、暖機運転時のエンジン回転数を安定させるために、アイドルアップを同時に行うこともある。
　しかし、内燃機関をディーゼルエンジンとするＨＥＶにおいて、従来の車両と同じようにして暖機を促進すると、燃費向上の効果が損なわれてしまうという問題がある。
日本出願の特開平１１－１４８３７５号公報
　本発明の目的は、燃費を悪化させることなくエンジンの暖機を促進することができるハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法を提供することにある。
　上記の目的を達成する本発明のハイブリッド車両は、バッテリーに接続された電動モータ及びエンジンの少なくとも一方を駆動源とするハイブリッドシステムと、前記ハイブリッドシステムを制御する制御手段とを備えたハイブリッド車両において、前記制御手段は、前記エンジンの暖機運転時に、該エンジンの駆動力の一部により前記走行モータを駆動して発電させ、その発電された電力で前記バッテリーを充電することを特徴とするものである。
　上記のハイブリッド車両においては、エンジンの排気通路に排気絞り弁を介設し、制御手段は、エンジンの暖機運転時に排気絞り弁を閉弁することで、エンジンの暖機をより促進することができる。
　制御手段は、前記ハイブリッド車両のドライバーにより操作されるスイッチがオンである場合に、又はエンジン内の冷却水の温度、エンジンの潤滑油の温度及びハイブリッド車両の外気温から選ばれる少なくとも１つが予め設定されたしきい値未満である場合に、上記の排気絞り弁を閉弁することが望ましい。
　また、上記の目的を達成する本発明のハイブリッド車両の制御方法は、バッテリーに接続された電動モータ及びエンジンの少なくとも一方を駆動源とするハイブリッドシステムを備えたハイブリッド車両の制御方法において、前記エンジンの暖機運転時に、該エンジンの駆動力の一部により前記走行モータを駆動し、該走行モータが発電した電力で前記バッテリーを充電することを特徴とするものである。
　上記のハイブリッド車両の制御方法においては、エンジンの暖機運転時にその排気通路を閉止することが望ましい。
　本発明のハイブリッド車両及びその制御方法によれば、エンジンの暖機運転時に、エンジンの駆動力の一部により走行モータを駆動して発電させた電力でバッテリーを充電するようにしたので、エンジンが高負運転状態となってエンジンの暖機が促進されるとともに、エンジンの回転エネルギーの一部が電力となってバッテリーに充電されるので、燃費の悪化を抑制することができる。
図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両の構成図である。 図２は、本発明の第１の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両の制御方法を説明するフロー図である。 図３は、本発明の第２の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両の構成図である。 図４は、本発明の第２の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両の制御方法を説明するフロー図である。
　以下に、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
　図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両を示す。このハイブリッド車両（以下、「ＨＥＶ」という。）１Ａは、左右一対の駆動輪２、２に駆動力を伝達する出力軸３に、変速機４を介して連結するディーゼルエンジン５及び走行モータ６と、その走行モータ６にインバータ７を通じて電気的に接続するバッテリー８とを有するハイブリッドシステム９を備えている。変速機４とディーゼルエンジン５との間には、湿式多板クラッチ１０及び流体継手１１が順に設けられている。また、変速機４と走行モータ６との間には、駆動力を断接するモータ用クラッチ１２が介設されている。
　上記のハイブリッドシステム９は、制御手段であるＥＣＵ１３に信号線（一点鎖線で示す）を通じて接続している。
　このようなＨＥＶ１ＡにおけるＥＣＵ１３による第１の実施形態からなる制御方法を、図２に基づいて以下に説明する。
　ＥＣＵ１３は、ＨＥＶ１Ａが暖機運転時であるかを判定し（Ｓ１０）、暖機運転時である場合には、モータ用クラッチ１２を接続し、かつ走行モータ６を発電機として使用してインバータ７を通じてバッテリー８を充電する（Ｓ１２）。この操作により、ディーゼルエンジン５の負荷が増加し、高負運転状態となって発生する熱量が増えるため、ディーゼルエンジン５の暖機が促進される。また、ディーゼルエンジン５の回転エネルギーの一部が、電力となってバッテリー８に充電されるため、ＨＥＶ１Ａの燃費の悪化を抑制することができる。
　次に、バッテリー８が定格最大容量まで充電されたかを判定し（Ｓ１６）、定格最大容量であるときにはインバータ７を制御してバッテリー８への充電を停止する（Ｓ１８）。なお、バッテリー８の定格最大容量とは、バッテリー８の仕様に応じて予め規定された値であり、例えば蓄電率（ＳＯＣ）が７０～９０％となる状態である。
　そして、ディーゼルエンジン５の各部が適正な温度に達したかを判定し（Ｓ２０）、適正な温度であるときにはディーゼルエンジン５の暖機が完了したと判断して（Ｓ２２）、モータ用クラッチ１２を断絶する（Ｓ２４）。このディーゼルエンジン５の各部の温度としては、例えば、冷却水の温度や潤滑油（エンジンオイル）の温度などが挙げられる。
　以上のようなＥＣＵ１３による制御を行うことで、燃費を悪化させることなくディーゼルエンジン５の暖機を促進することができるのである。
　図３は、本発明の第２の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両を示す。なお、図１と同じ部分には同一の符号を付し、説明を省略する。
　このＨＥＶ１Ｂにおいては、ディーゼルエンジン５からの排ガスＧが流れる排気通路１４に、排気ブレーキを構成する排気絞り弁１５が介設されている。ＨＥＶ１Ｂの制動時においては、この排気絞り弁１５を閉弁してディーゼルエンジン５の排気圧力を高めることで、ポンピングロスを増加させて大きな制動力を得るようになっている。
　また、ディーゼルエンジン５には、エンジン内の冷却水の温度を測定する冷却水温度計１６と、エンジンオイルの温度を測定するオイル温度計１７とが設置されている。更に、ＨＥＶ１Ｂの周辺の外気温を測定する外気温度計１８が設けられている。
　上記の排気絞り弁１５、及び３台の温度計１６、１７、１８は、それぞれＥＣＵ１３に信号線を通じて接続している。
　このようなＨＥＶ１ＢにおけるＥＣＵ１３による第２の実施形態からなる制御方法では、図４に示すように、バッテリー８を充電した（Ｓ１２）後に、所定の要件が満たされたときに（Ｓ１３）、排気ブレーキを起動して排気絞り弁１５を閉弁する（Ｓ１４）。
　このように排気絞り弁１５を閉弁して排気通路１４を閉止することで、高温の排ガスＧが燃焼室内に残留して燃焼温度が上昇するため、ディーゼルエンジン５の暖機が更に促進される。
　この排気絞り弁１５を閉弁する所定の要件としては、冷却水温度計１６、オイル温度計１７及び外気温度計１８から選ばれる少なくとも１台の温度計１６／１７／１８の測定値が、予め設定されたしきい値未満である場合が好ましく例示される。
　このしきい値としては、ハイブリッド自動車の場合には、例えば冷却水温度は－２０～０℃、エンジンオイルの温度は－２０～０℃及び外気温は－２０～０℃の範囲の値となる。
　なお、ＥＣＵ１３は、ステップ１３のように所定の要件の有無を判断する代わりに、ＨＥＶ１Ｂのドライバーにより操作されるスイッチがオンとなったときに排気絞り弁１５を閉弁するようにしてもよい。
　そして、暖機が完了した（Ｓ２２）後は、排気絞り弁１５を開弁する（Ｓ２６）。
　以上のように、第２の実施形態からなる制御方法では、第１の実施形態からなる制御方法よりも、ディーゼルエンジン５の暖機を急速に行うことができる。従って、ポンピングロスによるエネルギー損失はあるが、このように暖機が急速に行われるので、総合的には燃費の悪化を更に抑制することができるのである。
１Ａ、１Ｂ　ＨＥＶ
５　ディーゼルエンジン
６　走行モータ
８　バッテリー
１２　モータ用クラッチ
１３　ＥＣＵ
１４　排気通路
１５　排気絞り弁
１６　冷却水温度計
１７　オイル温度計
１８　外気温度計

Claims (5)

  1. 　バッテリーに接続された電動モータ及びエンジンの少なくとも一方を駆動源とするハイブリッドシステムと、前記ハイブリッドシステムを制御する制御手段とを備えたハイブリッド車両において、
    　前記制御手段は、前記エンジンの暖機運転時に、該エンジンの駆動力の一部により前記走行モータを駆動して発電させ、その発電された電力で前記バッテリーを充電することを特徴とするハイブリッド車両。
  2. 　前記エンジンの排気通路に排気絞り弁を介設し、前記制御手段は、前記エンジンの暖機運転時に前記排気絞り弁を閉弁する請求項１に記載のハイブリッド車両。
  3. 　前記制御手段は、前記ハイブリッド車両のドライバーにより操作されるスイッチがオンである場合に、又は前記エンジン内の冷却水の温度、前記エンジンの潤滑油の温度及び前記ハイブリッド車両の外気温から選ばれる少なくとも１つが予め設定されたしきい値未満である場合に、前記排気絞り弁を閉弁する請求項２に記載のハイブリッド車両。
  4. 　バッテリーに接続された電動モータ及びエンジンの少なくとも一方を駆動源とするハイブリッドシステムを備えたハイブリッド車両の制御方法において、
    　前記エンジンの暖機運転時に、該エンジンの駆動力の一部により前記走行モータを駆動し、該走行モータが発電した電力で前記バッテリーを充電することを特徴とするハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
  5. 　前記エンジンの暖機運転時に、該エンジンの排気通路を閉止する請求項４に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
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JPH11148375A (ja) * 1997-11-13 1999-06-02 Isuzu Motors Ltd ディーゼルエンジンの暖機促進装置
JP2012153257A (ja) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-16 Toyota Motor Corp 車両用駆動装置の制御装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11148375A (ja) * 1997-11-13 1999-06-02 Isuzu Motors Ltd ディーゼルエンジンの暖機促進装置
JP2012153257A (ja) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-16 Toyota Motor Corp 車両用駆動装置の制御装置

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