WO2014106471A1 - 一种适用于角度磁编码器的永磁体 - Google Patents
一种适用于角度磁编码器的永磁体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014106471A1 WO2014106471A1 PCT/CN2014/070086 CN2014070086W WO2014106471A1 WO 2014106471 A1 WO2014106471 A1 WO 2014106471A1 CN 2014070086 W CN2014070086 W CN 2014070086W WO 2014106471 A1 WO2014106471 A1 WO 2014106471A1
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- phase angle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0205—Magnetic circuits with PM in general
- H01F7/021—Construction of PM
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
- G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0551—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0273—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation
- H01F7/0289—Transducers, loudspeakers, moving coil arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a permanent magnet in the field of measurement technology, in particular to a permanent magnet suitable for an angular magnetic encoder, an angular magnetic encoder comprising the permanent magnet and an electronic water meter.
- the photoelectric coding technology can realize direct reading and measurement of the digital counting wheel code, and does not need to be accumulated, thereby being widely used.
- this technology generally has a carry-on error phenomenon, and has poor anti-interference ability to bubbles, glare, dirt, leakage and the like.
- the angular magnetic coding technology has higher resolution, no carry error phenomenon, good stability, and can completely eradicate various kinds of bad faults caused by photoelectric technology, and becomes an alternative coding technique for photoelectric coding.
- the angular magnetic coding technique obtains the measurement reading by encoding the digital counting wheel.
- the principle is to use a magnetoresistive sensor such as a tunnel magnetoresistive angular displacement sensor to sense the rotating magnetic field phase of the annular permanent magnet mounted on the digital counting wheel.
- a magnetoresistive sensor such as a tunnel magnetoresistive angular displacement sensor to sense the rotating magnetic field phase of the annular permanent magnet mounted on the digital counting wheel.
- the measurement accuracy of the angular magnetic coding technique depends on the performance characteristics of the two components of the magnetic-sensitive angular displacement sensor and the permanent magnet.
- magnetoresistive sensors such as tunnel magnetoresistive sensors have higher magnetic field sensitivity, and their power consumption and size can be greatly reduced.
- the tunnel magnetoresistive angular displacement sensor comprises two mutually orthogonal tunnel magnetoresistive sensors.
- the two sine and cosine outputs formed by the tunnel magnetoresistive angular displacement sensor and the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet detecting magnetic field component, that is, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet in the detecting surface and the sensitive axis of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor ⁇ , also referred to herein as the phase angle of the detected magnetic field, is related as follows:
- the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field can be calculated from the output of the tunnel magnetoresistive angular displacement sensor OUT1 and OUT2. Angle:
- ⁇ ATAN ( OUT2/OUT1 ).
- the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet during the rotation is defined as the position vector point r of the permanent magnet in the course of the rotation through the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
- the phase angle of the permanent magnet detects the magnetic field component causing the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor to induce.
- the permanent magnet rotation phase angle ⁇ and the rotating magnetic field phase angle ⁇ form a linear relationship, satisfying 0 ⁇ 360
- the phase relationship between the phase angle ⁇ of the rotating magnetic field detected by the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet can be correlated.
- the tunnel magnetoresistive angle magnetic encoder technology has special requirements for the design performance of permanent magnets when applied to electronic water meters, and the permanent magnets used in the existing angle magnetic encoders have the following disadvantages:
- the existing angular magnetic encoder mostly uses a Hall sensor as an angle sensor, and the corresponding detection magnetic field component is a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet perpendicular to the detection surface component, and the detection magnetic field component corresponding to the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is a magnetic field detection.
- the in-plane component so the permanent magnet of the existing angular magnetic encoder cannot meet the requirements of the magnetic field measurement of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
- the existing angular magnetic encoder permanent magnets generally adopt a solid cylindrical design, and the electronic water meter is to minimize the installation space, and the permanent magnets are required to be circularly arranged to be directly mounted on the runner.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, and to provide a permanent magnet suitable for an angular magnetic encoder, which can be mounted on an electronic water meter runner, save installation space, and can meet the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
- the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field between the magnetic field components in the detection plane The linear relationship between ⁇ and the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet increases the measurement accuracy of the angular magnetic encoder.
- a permanent magnet suitable for an angular magnetic encoder having a columnar annular structure including a first permanent magnet unit and a second permanent magnet unit, the first permanent magnet unit and The second permanent magnet unit is geometrically symmetrical with respect to the diameter section, and the diameter section is a section formed by the outer diameter and the axial length of the permanent magnet.
- the magnetization of the first permanent magnet unit and the magnetization of the second permanent magnet unit are parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical ring and are opposite in direction, or
- the magnetization of the first permanent magnet unit and the magnetization of the second permanent magnet unit are perpendicular to the diameter section, and the directions are parallel.
- the magnetization of the first permanent magnet unit and the magnetization of the second permanent magnet unit are the same.
- the permanent magnet columnar ring structure has an outer diameter of 3-200 mm.
- the permanent magnet columnar ring structure has an inner diameter of 1-100 mm.
- the permanent magnet columnar ring structure has an axial length of 1-50 mm.
- the detecting surface corresponding to the permanent magnet is located in front of the cylindrical annular end surface and parallel to the bottom surface.
- the distance between the detecting surface and the end surface of the columnar ring is 1-5 mm.
- the detected magnetic field component corresponding to the permanent magnet is a component of the magnetic field in the detection plane.
- the specific detection area is located in a region of the detection plane that is within a specific radius of the cylindrical ring axis, and the rotational phase angle of the detected magnetic field component and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet have a linear variation characteristic in the specific detection area.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet is Alnico.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet is a ferrite ceramic material MO ⁇ 6Fe 2 O 3 , M is Ba, Sr or a combination of the two.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet is one or more selected from the group consisting of FeCrCo alloy and NbFeB alloy.
- the permanent magnet is a composite of a powder of a constituent material of the permanent magnet and a plastic, rubber or resin.
- the columnar circular permanent magnet used in the invention has a simple structure and can be directly embedded in the digital wheel of the water meter to reduce the requirement for the installation space.
- the columnar circular permanent magnet used in the present invention comprises two simple permanent magnet units, and the magnetization configuration is simple and easy to implement.
- the cylindrical annular permanent magnet used in the present invention has a specific detection region having a linear relationship between the rotational phase angle of the detected magnetic field component and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet in the detecting surface, and satisfies the measurement requirement of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
- the cylindrical annular permanent magnet used in the invention has a distance between the detecting surface and the end surface, and the distance between the specific detecting area and the axial center in the detecting surface can be varied within a wide range, so that the installation space of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is flexible.
- the magnetic encoder and the electronic water meter according to the present invention have a small volume and high measurement accuracy.
- Figure 1 is a top plan view of a permanent magnet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a front view of the permanent magnet shown in Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a top plan view of a permanent magnet according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a front view of the permanent magnet shown in Figure 3.
- Figure 5 is a top plan view of the mounting position of the permanent magnet relative to the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the mounting position of the permanent magnet relative to the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor in accordance with the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional magnetic field vector distribution diagram of the permanent magnet of the first embodiment in the detection plane.
- Fig. 8 is a view showing a phase angle of a rotating magnetic field ⁇ and a rotational phase angle of a permanent magnet for detecting a magnetic field component in the permanent magnet detecting surface of the first embodiment Typical linear relationship diagram.
- Fig. 9 is a view showing the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field ⁇ and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet of the magnetic field component detected by the permanent magnet in the embodiment 1.
- Figure 10 is a diagram showing the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field ⁇ and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet for detecting the magnetic field component in the permanent magnet detecting surface of the first embodiment. A graph of the relationship between linear and nonlinear.
- Figure 11 shows the magnetic field amplitude of the magnetic field component Bx-y and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet in the permanent magnet detection plane of the first embodiment. relation chart.
- a linear fitting parameter R 2 for detecting a relationship between a rotating magnetic field phase angle ⁇ of a magnetic field component and a rotational phase angle ⁇ of a permanent magnet in the permanent magnet detecting surface of Embodiment 1, and a relative position r/Ro of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor from the axial center. relation chart.
- Figure 13 is a diagram showing the relative magnetic field amplitude of the magnetic field component and the distance from the axis of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor in the permanent magnet detecting surface of the first embodiment. r/Ro diagram.
- Fig. 14 is a three-dimensional magnetic field vector distribution diagram of the permanent magnet of the second embodiment in the detection plane.
- Figure 15 is a diagram showing the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field ⁇ and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet for detecting the magnetic field component in the permanent magnet detecting surface of the second embodiment. Typical linear relationship diagram.
- Figure 16 is a diagram showing the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field ⁇ and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet for detecting the magnetic field component in the permanent magnet detecting surface of the embodiment 2. Nonlinear relationship diagram.
- Figure 17 is a diagram showing the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field ⁇ and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet of the rotating magnetic field component of the permanent magnet detected in Example 2. A graph of the relationship between linear and nonlinear.
- Figure 18 is a diagram showing the magnetic field amplitude of the magnetic field component detected by the permanent magnet in the second embodiment. Bx-y and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet ⁇ relation chart.
- Figure 20 is a diagram showing the relative magnetic field amplitude of the magnetic field component and the distance from the axis of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor in the permanent magnet detecting surface of the second embodiment. r/Ro diagram.
- Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic water meter.
- FIG. 1 and 2 schematically show schematic views of a permanent magnet 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Permanent magnet 100 The cylindrical ring geometry includes a permanent magnet unit 101 and a permanent magnet unit 102, and the permanent magnet unit 101 and the permanent magnet unit 102 are geometrically symmetric with a diameter section 110.
- Permanent magnet unit 101 The magnetization 103 and the magnetization 104 of the permanent magnet unit 102 are anti-parallel in the direction of the axis.
- the magnetization 103 of the permanent magnet 101 and the magnetization of the permanent magnet unit 102 104 is the same size.
- the size of the permanent magnet 100 can design the size of the permanent magnet 100 as needed.
- the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring of the permanent magnet 100 is 1-100mm
- the outer diameter of the cylindrical ring is 3-200 mm
- the axial length of the cylindrical ring is 1-50 mm.
- the detecting surface 120 corresponding to the permanent magnet 100 is located in front of the cylindrical annular end surface and parallel to the end surface. Preferably, the detecting surface 120 The distance from the end face of the cylindrical ring is 1-5 mm.
- the detected magnetic field component 121 corresponding to the permanent magnet 100 is a component of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet in the detecting surface 120.
- the detection surface The specific detection area 122 corresponding to 120 is located in a region of a specific radius from the axis of the cylindrical ring, in which the rotational phase angle of the magnetic field component 121 and the permanent magnet 100 are detected.
- the rotational phase angle has a linear variation characteristic, which will be described in detail below.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet 100 is Alnico.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet 100 is a ferrite ceramic material MO ⁇ 6Fe 2 O 3 , M is Ba, Sr or a combination of both.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet 100 is a FeCrCo alloy or an NbFeB alloy.
- the permanent magnet 100 is a composite of a powder of a constituent material of the permanent magnet 100 and a plastic, a rubber or a resin.
- Permanent magnet 300 It is a cylindrical ring geometry comprising a permanent magnet unit 301 and a permanent magnet unit 302, and the permanent magnet unit 301 and the permanent magnet unit 302 are geometrically symmetric with a diameter section 310.
- Permanent magnet unit 301 The magnetization 303 and the magnetization 304 of the permanent magnet unit 302 are parallel in a direction perpendicular to the diameter cross section.
- the magnetization 303 and the permanent magnet unit 302 of the permanent magnet unit 301 The magnetization 304 is the same size.
- the size of the permanent magnet 300 can design the size of the permanent magnet 300 as needed.
- the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring of the permanent magnet 300 is 1-100mm
- the outer diameter of the cylindrical ring is 3-200 mm
- the axial length of the cylindrical ring is 1-50 mm.
- the detecting surface 320 corresponding to the permanent magnet 300 is located in front of the end surface of the cylindrical ring and is parallel to the end surface. Preferably, the detecting surface 320 The distance from the end face of the cylindrical ring is 1-5 mm.
- the detected magnetic field component 321 corresponding to the permanent magnet 300 is a component of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet in the detecting surface 320.
- the detection surface A specific detection area 322 corresponding to 320 is located in a region from a specific radius of the axis of the cylindrical ring in which the rotational phase angle of the magnetic field component 321 and the permanent magnet 300 are detected.
- the rotational phase angle has a linear variation characteristic, which will be described in detail below.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet 300 is Alnico.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet 300 is a ferrite ceramic material MO ⁇ 6Fe 2 O 3 , M is Ba, Sr or a combination of both.
- the constituent material of the permanent magnet 300 is a FeCrCo alloy or an NbFeB alloy.
- the permanent magnet 300 is a composite of a powder of a constituent material of the permanent magnet 300 and a plastic, a rubber or a resin.
- Embodiment 3 is an angle magnetic encoder according to the present invention, including The digital wheel can be rotated around the axis, the permanent magnets embedded in the digital wheel, the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the digital processing circuit.
- the permanent magnet is a permanent magnet according to the invention.
- the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is located on the permanent magnet detecting surface for sensing a component of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet in the detecting surface and outputting a sensing signal.
- the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is disposed in a region of the detection surface of the permanent magnet within a specific radius range of the axis of the permanent magnet columnar ring, and the component of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet in the detection plane is within the region of the specific radius
- Rotational magnetic field phase angle ⁇ has a linear relationship with the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet.
- a digital processing circuit is operative to calculate and output a code characterizing the rotational angle of the permanent magnet based on the sensed signal from the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
- Figures 5 and 6 are the permanent magnets 100, 300 and the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 in the third embodiment, respectively.
- X-Y is established in the detecting faces 120, 320 with the permanent magnet axis as the origin
- the coordinate system is shown in Figure 5. It is assumed that the inner radius of the cylindrical ring of the permanent magnets 100, 300 is Ri, the outer radius is Ro, and the thickness is t, and the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 is on the detecting surface 120.
- the position vector in 320 is r(x, y) whose azimuth is ⁇ with respect to the X axis. Assume that the detected magnetic field component at r is Bx-y(Bx , By) and the azimuth angle is ⁇ .
- the relationship between angle ⁇ and angle ⁇ is as follows:
- ⁇ and ⁇ vary between (-180 0 , 180 0 ).
- the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 When the angular magnetic encoder is operating, the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 remains fixed while the permanent magnets 100, 300 Rotating around the axis, the point in the detection plane is centered on the origin, and the point on the circle where r is the radius passes through the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 in sequence, and generates a rotating magnetic field whose phase and amplitude are passed by the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500. Measured. This is equivalent to the permanent magnets 100, 300 remaining fixed, and the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 is sequentially translated to different points on the circumference and the detection magnetic field is measured. At this time, the permanent magnet rotation phase angle is ⁇ And the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field is ⁇ .
- FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional magnetic field vector diagram of the permanent magnet 100 on the detecting plane 120.
- the relationship between the phase angle ⁇ and the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet may be a linear relationship, a nonlinear relationship or a relationship characteristic between linear and nonlinear.
- the curve 18 shown in Fig. 8 is a typical linear relationship between the rotating magnetic field phase angle ⁇ and the permanent magnet rotating phase angle ⁇ .
- the curve 19 shown in Fig. 9 is the rotating magnetic field phase angle ⁇ and the permanent magnet rotating phase angle ⁇ .
- the typical nonlinear relationship that may occur between the curves 20 shown in Figure 10 is a linear and nonlinear relationship between the phase angle ⁇ of the rotating magnetic field and the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet.
- Figure 11 is a plot of the relationship between the amplitude of the rotating magnetic field Bx-y and the angle of rotation ⁇ , curve 21. As seen from curve 21, the magnitude of the rotating magnetic field is a periodic W-shaped change, and its corresponding maximum and minimum values are B H , B L .
- the fluctuation of the magnetic field amplitude of the permanent magnet during rotation is as small as possible to ensure that the sensor signal is not affected.
- a linear function is used to fit the relationship between ⁇ and ⁇ as shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10, and the linear fitting parameter R 2 is calculated. The closer R 2 is to 1, the better the linearity.
- the degree of magnetic field fluctuations shown by curve 21 can be characterized by the following relationship:
- Figure 12 is a plot of the linear fit parameters R 2 and r/Ro. As can be seen from the curve 22, in the region 23, its value is close to 1, indicating that the phase angle ⁇ of the rotating magnetic field and the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet are close to a linear relationship in this region, so the region 23 is the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor in the permanent A specific detection area corresponding to the detection surface 120 of the magnet 100 is suitable for placing the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 17 and is not suitable for placement of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 17 in the region 24.
- Figure 13 shows the relative position of normalized B and tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 in the detection surface 120 r/Ro The relationship curve. As can be seen from the curve 25, the magnitude of the change in the magnetic field within the particular detection zone 23 is suitable for signal detection by the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 17.
- Embodiment 4 is another angle magnetic encoder according to the present invention, which is rotatable about an axis as embodied in Embodiment 2
- Figure 14 is a three-dimensional magnetic field vector diagram of the permanent magnet 300 in the detection surface 320, through the two-dimensional magnetic field component in the detection plane 310
- the Bx-y distribution characteristics are calculated to obtain a linear relationship between the phase angle ⁇ of the rotating magnetic field and the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet in the detection surface 320 as shown in Figs. 15, 16, 17 , the nonlinear relationship curve 27 and the relationship between the linear nonlinearities 28 .
- the existence of the linear relationship curve 26 indicates that the permanent magnet 300 has a rotating magnetic field phase angle ⁇ on its detecting surface.
- Figure 18 is a plot of the relationship between the amplitude of the rotating magnetic field Bx-y and the rotational phase angle of the permanent magnet. From the curve 29, the rotating magnetic field Bx-y follows the rotational phase angle ⁇ as a periodic M-shaped wave relationship.
- the ⁇ - ⁇ relationship curves of the different relative position r/Ro values are fitted, and the linear fitting parameter R 2 curve shown in FIG. 19 is obtained, which can be obtained from the curve 30.
- the specific detection area 31 in the detection surface 320 is suitable for the working area of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500, while in the area 32 it is not suitable for placing the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500.
- the variation range of the normalized B with the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 relative position r/Ro relationship 33 in the specific detection region 31 is small with respect to the non-working region 32.
- the detection planes 120 and 320 are Inside, there are specific detection areas 23 and 31 such that the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 rotates the magnetic field phase angle ⁇ and the permanent magnet rotation phase angle in this area. There is a linear relationship between them, and the amplitude of the magnetic field fluctuations satisfies the requirements of the sensor. In this way, the angle of the rotating magnetic field measured by the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor can be changed into the rotation angle of the permanent magnet, and The digital processing circuit calculates and outputs a code that characterizes the rotation angle of the permanent magnet, and realizes angular encoding of the angular magnetic encoder.
- the angular magnetic encoder according to the present invention can be applied to fields such as electronic water meters.
- Figure 21 shows the structure of an electronic water meter with an angular magnetic encoder with permanent magnets 100 or 300 installed.
- the permanent magnet and the angular magnetic encoder of the embodiment 4 describe an electronic water meter according to the present invention.
- the electronic water meter includes a central shaft and at least one angular magnetic encoder.
- the angular encoders arranged in sequence have a determined number of revolutions between the axes of rotation.
- the permanent magnet 100 is a columnar ring structure including a permanent magnet unit 101 and a permanent magnet unit 102, and is opposite to the diameter section 110 Geometrically symmetrical, the corresponding magnetizations 103 and 104 of the permanent magnet unit 101 and the permanent magnet unit 102 are anti-parallel in the axial direction and of the same size.
- the permanent magnet 100 has an outer diameter of 3-20 mm and an inner diameter of 1 -15 mm.
- the axial length is 1.5-10 mm
- the permanent magnet 100 is mounted in the digital wheel 2001, the digital wheel rotates around the central axis 2003, and the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 is mounted at a distance from the permanent magnet.
- 100 End face 1-5 mm Detection surface 120 Distance axis r/Ro In the specific detection area 23, the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field that detects the magnetic field component in this specific detection area ⁇ It is linear with the rotation phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet.
- the detected magnetic field component 121 is the component of the magnetic field within the detection surface 120.
- Tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 is located on the board 2002 On the top, the signals at both ends are output through the board 2002.
- the digital wheel 2001 is mounted on the center shaft 2003 and is fixed to the water meter rack together with the circuit board 2002 2004 On. Since the linear relationship between the rotational magnetic field phase angle ⁇ of the magnetic field component 121 and the permanent magnet phase angle ⁇ is detected, the phase angle of the rotating magnetic field measured according to the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 can be ⁇ One-to-one correspondence with the permanent magnet phase angle ⁇ .
- the angle of the rotating magnetic field measured by the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor can be changed into the rotation angle of the digital wheel, and
- the digital processing circuit calculates and outputs a code that characterizes the angle of rotation of the digital wheel.
- Different digital reels on each reel of each magnetic encoder are used to read different digits, each of which is 10:1 The number of revolutions.
- the angular displacement of each digital wheel is the rotation phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet 100 connected to the digital wheel can be connected through each tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500.
- the measurement of the rotating magnetic field is calculated.
- the digital processing circuit processing on 2002 is shown in digital code form.
- the electronic water meter reading can be directly displayed by reading the numbers corresponding to different digital wheels.
- Permanent magnet 300 It is a cylindrical ring structure comprising a permanent magnet unit 301 and a permanent magnet unit 302, and is geometrically symmetrical with respect to the diameter section 310. Permanent magnet unit 301 and permanent magnet unit 302 The magnetizations are of the same magnitude and the directions are parallel to the direction perpendicular to the diameter section 310.
- the permanent magnet 300 has an outer diameter of, for example, 5-20 mm, an inner diameter of 1-5 mm, and an axial length of 1-5 mm. .
- the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 500 is mounted in a specific detection area with a distance r/Ro from the detection surface 320 of the 1-5 mm end face of the permanent magnet 300. Within this particular detection region, the phase angle ⁇ of the rotating magnetic field that detects the magnetic field component is linear with the rotational phase angle ⁇ of the permanent magnet. Detecting the magnetic field component 321 is the magnetic field on the detection surface 320 The component inside. The detection process is similar to the electronic water meter using the permanent magnet 100, and will not be described here.
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/758,447 US9715959B2 (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2014-01-03 | Permanent magnet suitable for magnetic angle encoder |
JP2015551115A JP6438889B2 (ja) | 2013-01-05 | 2014-01-03 | 磁気角エンコーダに適した永久磁石 |
EP14735222.3A EP2942794B1 (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2014-01-03 | Permanent magnet suitable for magnetic angle encoder |
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US9715959B2 (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2017-07-25 | MultiDimension Technology Co., Ltd. | Permanent magnet suitable for magnetic angle encoder |
EP3255391A4 (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2018-11-21 | Multidimension Technology Co., Ltd. | Magnetic automation flow recorder |
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CN103913183A (zh) * | 2013-01-09 | 2014-07-09 | 江苏多维科技有限公司 | 一种角度磁编码器和电子水表 |
DE102015210586A1 (de) | 2015-06-10 | 2016-12-15 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Umdrehungssensors und entsprechender Umdrehungssensor |
US10591274B2 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2020-03-17 | Infineon Technologies Ag | External field robust angle sensing with differential magnetic field |
US11550362B2 (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-01-10 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Rotatably coupled touch screen displays |
CN114659543B (zh) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-29 | 唐山工业职业技术学院 | 一种高精度多对极磁电编码器 |
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CN103915233A (zh) | 2014-07-09 |
EP2942794A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
JP2016505215A (ja) | 2016-02-18 |
JP6438889B2 (ja) | 2018-12-19 |
EP2942794B1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
CN103915233B (zh) | 2017-02-08 |
US20150332831A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
US9715959B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 |
EP2942794A4 (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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