WO2014068798A1 - スクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤並びに無機素材の接合体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
スクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤並びに無機素材の接合体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014068798A1 WO2014068798A1 PCT/JP2012/083366 JP2012083366W WO2014068798A1 WO 2014068798 A1 WO2014068798 A1 WO 2014068798A1 JP 2012083366 W JP2012083366 W JP 2012083366W WO 2014068798 A1 WO2014068798 A1 WO 2014068798A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- metal
- conductive adhesive
- screen printing
- viscosity modifier
- inorganic material
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/321—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by conductive adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/0545—Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/107—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing organic material comprising solvents, e.g. for slip casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J177/00—Adhesives based on polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
- C09J9/02—Electrically-conducting adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
- B22F7/064—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts using an intermediate powder layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/11—Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
- H05K2203/1131—Sintering, i.e. fusing of metal particles to achieve or improve electrical conductivity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive adhesive for screen printing that can be used for forming electrodes and circuits of electronic components and the like, bonding between components, and the like, and an inorganic material joined body using this adhesive and a method for manufacturing the same.
- conductive paste such as silver paste is used for forming electrodes and circuits of electronic components and the like.
- the conductive paste is also used as a conductive adhesive, and is used for bonding between components.
- Properties required as a conductive adhesive include, in addition to conductivity, thermal conductivity for releasing heat generated by electronic components to the outside.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a conductive paste including silver nanoparticles having a particle size of 100 nm or less, a protective colloid composed of an organic compound having a carboxyl group and a polymer dispersant, and a solvent.
- this conductive paste is baked at 100 ° C. or higher and the solvent is removed, the silver nanoparticles are sintered and a conductive film made of metal bonds is formed, so that a conductive metal film close to the bulk can be formed.
- the bonded surface is a noble metal
- the silver nanoparticles are also sintered and bonded to the bonded surface. It is described that high heat dissipation bonding is possible.
- the conductive paste is applied to one adherend (so-called substrate or lead frame), and then the other adherend (so-called chip) is attached onto the applied conductive paste.
- the applied conductive paste is sandwiched between both objects to be bonded and heated to be bonded.
- the productivity is low and the use is limited. That is, in the above method, if the solvent of the applied adhesive is volatilized and dried before the chip is mounted on the applied conductive paste, it does not adhere to the chip even if the chip is mounted. The drying of the adhesive is faster as the coating area is smaller, and is faster as the coating thickness is thinner. In the chip mounting process, there are many cases where chip mounting is performed after several hours have passed after applying the adhesive, and in order to cope with such a process, there is a method of delaying the volatilization rate of the solvent used for the adhesive. is necessary.
- bonding of LED (light emitting diode) chips has a bonding area of several hundred ⁇ m ⁇ (several hundred ⁇ m ⁇ several hundred ⁇ m) or less, and thus the adhesive is particularly quickly dried.
- the applied adhesive is applied or transferred with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m or more, so the drying of the adhesive is slow, but the adhesive application thickness varies, the adhesive protrudes, etc. Therefore, in an LED package that requires high positional accuracy, it is not appropriate to apply an adhesive by dispensing or pin transfer. Moreover, since an excessive adhesive more than necessary is applied, the cost increases.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Screen printing is an example of a highly accurate and inexpensive coating method.
- an adhesive can be applied with a thickness of about several tens of ⁇ m, and a printing pattern can be applied with higher accuracy than dispensing and pin transfer.
- the viscosity and rheology of the paste are important.
- a resin having both adhesiveness and viscosity is used in a general conductive adhesive.
- the interface between the metal nanoparticles and the surface to be bonded, or between the metal nanoparticles is electrically connected by physical contact, so that the electric resistance value and the heat dissipation are reduced.
- the surface of the metal nanoparticles is chemically adsorbed with a surface protective agent made of a surfactant, and the printability can be secured by selecting the surface protective agent.
- the surface protecting agent is usually adsorbed in a large amount to the metal nanoparticles. In this case, since the sintering between the metal nanoparticles is inhibited, joining is difficult. It is possible to achieve a rheology suitable for screen printing by increasing the metal concentration even for pastes with a small amount of surface protective agent relative to metal nanoparticles, but in this case, drying after applying the adhesive is extremely fast. turn into.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a resin having a bond derived from at least one acid anhydride group and / or a carboxyl group, inorganic fine particles, and a urea-modified polyamide compound. And / or a resin composition containing urea urethane is disclosed. This document describes improving printing accuracy such as screen printing. This document describes the use of a urea-modified polyamide compound and / or urea urethane as a viscosity modifier.
- a resin composition containing a resin having a carbonate skeleton, inorganic particles such as silica particles and barium sulfate particles, and the viscosity modifier is screen-printed and then heat-cured to form a resin film.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a conductive adhesive capable of imparting high conductivity and adhesion to an inorganic material by screen printing and then heating, an inorganic material joined body using the adhesive, and a method for producing the same. It is to provide.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a conductive adhesive that is highly productive even when a fine pattern is formed by screen printing, and can improve heat dissipation and adhesion to an inorganic material, and bonding of an inorganic material using this adhesive. It is in providing a body and its manufacturing method.
- the present inventors have found that the metal nanoparticle (A1) and a metal containing a protective colloid (A2) containing an organic compound having a carboxyl group and a polymer dispersant having a carboxyl group
- a metal containing a protective colloid (A2) containing an organic compound having a carboxyl group and a polymer dispersant having a carboxyl group
- the conductive adhesive for screen printing of the present invention is Metal colloidal particles (A) comprising metal nanoparticles (A1) and protective colloids (A2) comprising an organic compound having a carboxyl group and a polymer dispersant having a carboxyl group, Viscosity modifier (B) having amide bond and / or urea bond, and dispersion solvent (C) including.
- the viscosity modifier (B) may have a urea-modified polyamide skeleton.
- the viscosity modifier (B) may further have a polyoxy C 2-4 alkylene group and / or an alkyl group.
- the ratio of the viscosity modifier (B) is preferably about 1 to 4 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal nanoparticles (A1).
- the ratio of the protective colloid (A2) is preferably about 1 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal nanoparticles (A1).
- the dispersion solvent (C) may be a solvent having a boiling point of 220 ° C. or higher under atmospheric pressure and having a plurality of hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
- the present invention provides A printing step of screen-printing the conductive adhesive for screen printing on the bonding surface of the first inorganic material; and a bonding surface of the second inorganic material is pasted on the printed conductive adhesive,
- a method for manufacturing an inorganic material joined body including a sintering step in which the conductive adhesive is sandwiched between materials and then heated at 100 ° C. or higher to sinter the conductive adhesive.
- At least one joining surface of the first and second inorganic materials may contain a noble metal.
- the present invention also provides an inorganic material joined body obtained by this production method.
- the metal colloidal particles (A) containing the metal nanoparticles (A1) and the protective colloid (A2) containing the organic compound having a carboxyl group and the polymer dispersant having the carboxyl group, the amide bond and / or the urea bond By combining the viscosity modifier (B) having a viscosity with the dispersion solvent (C), the viscosity can be increased even when the amount of the viscosity modifier (B) used is small, and the amide bond and / or urea bond.
- the metal nanoparticles (A1) are easy to come into contact with the inorganic material, and are heated after screen printing.
- High conductivity and adhesion to inorganic materials can be imparted. That is, in the present invention, even if the adhesive is thickened to the extent necessary for screen printability, the fired film can be imparted with high conductivity, and screen printability and conductivity, which have been contradictory in the past, can be obtained. Can be compatible. Furthermore, even if a fine pattern is formed by screen printing, productivity is high, and heat dissipation and adhesion to an inorganic material can be improved.
- the conductive adhesive for screen printing of the present invention comprises metal colloid particles (A) containing metal nanoparticles (A1), a protective colloid (A2) containing an organic compound having a carboxyl group and a polymer dispersant having a carboxyl group, and A viscosity modifier (B) having an amide bond and / or a urea bond, and a dispersion solvent (C).
- the adhesion between the metal nanoparticles (A1) and between the metal nanoparticles (A1) and the base material (inorganic material) is secured between the conductivity (and heat dissipation) and the base material.
- the binder resin in the conventional conductive adhesive, in the conductive adhesive composed of a mixture of metal particles and a binder resin (for example, epoxy resin), the binder resin exhibits adhesiveness to the substrate, but physical contact is made. As a result, no metal bond is produced, so that sufficient conductivity cannot be obtained.
- a conductive adhesive consisting only of metal nanoparticles and a solvent for example, a conductive adhesive described in Patent Document 1
- a conductive adhesive described in Patent Document 1 can ensure conductivity and adhesion by metal bonding,
- the screen printability (appropriate viscosity and rheology) is insufficient
- the thickener is adjusted by adding a polymer component (eg, ethyl cellulose) as a thickener, but the thickener is the substrate surface / metal nanoparticle interface. It tends to accumulate on the (bonded surface), and adhesion by metal bonding is hindered.
- the viscosity modifier (B) as a polymer component that does not accumulate on the substrate surface / metal nanoparticle interface (bonded surface), the substrate surface / metal nanoparticle interface (bonded surface) is used. Since no polymer component is accumulated in the substrate, the substrate and the metal nanoparticle (A1) are easily bonded to each other, and adhesion and conductivity due to the metal bond can be secured. Furthermore, the viscosity modifier (B) has a thickening effect when added in a small amount.
- the viscosity modifier (B) if used, the adhesiveness can be secured even without the resin (binder resin) for the purpose of adhesion, and the screen printability (appropriate viscosity, rheology) is secured, and the conductivity is secured. it can.
- the viscosity modifier (B) has a hydrogen bond forming group (amide group and / or urea group, etc.) and a carboxyl group of the protective colloid (A2) surrounding the metal nanoparticle (A1). It is presumed to be expressed by hydrogen bonding. That is, since the viscosity modifier (B) is fixed to the protective colloid (A2) by hydrogen bonding, it is difficult to accumulate on the substrate surface / metal nanoparticle interface (bonded surface) (based on the viscosity modifier (B)).
- the metal nanoparticle (A1) binds to the substrate faster than the material surface / metal nanoparticle interface (bonded surface), and the metal nanoparticle (A1) and the substrate form a metal bond. It is estimated that the hydrogen bond-forming group of the viscosity modifier (B) is hydrogen bonded to the solvent molecules and the protective colloid (A2), so that a thickening effect is exhibited and screen printing becomes easy.
- metal colloid particles As long as the metal colloid particles (A) contain metal nanoparticles (A1) and a protective colloid (A2) containing an organic compound having a carboxyl group and a polymer dispersant having a carboxyl group.
- the metal nanoparticles (A1) and the protective colloid (A2) may exist independently, but in terms of improving the dispersibility of the metal nanoparticles (A1), the metal nanoparticles (A1),
- covers this metal nanoparticle (A1) may be sufficient.
- metal nanoparticles As the metal (metal atom) constituting the metal nanoparticles (A1), for example, transition metals (for example, periodic table group 4A metals such as titanium and zirconium; periodic tables such as vanadium and niobium) Periodic Table Group 6A metals such as molybdenum and tungsten; Group 7A Metals such as manganese; Periodic Table Group 8 such as iron, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, iridium and platinum Metal; periodic table group 1B metals such as copper, silver, gold), periodic table group 2B metals (for example, zinc, cadmium, etc.), periodic table group 3B metals (for example, aluminum, gallium, indium, etc.), Periodic table group 4B metals (eg, germanium, tin, lead, etc.), periodic table group 5B metals (eg, antimony, bismuth, etc.), etc.
- transition metals for example, periodic
- Metals are periodic group 8 metal (iron, nickel, rhodium, palladium, platinum, etc.), periodic table group 1B metal (copper, silver, gold, etc.), periodic table group 3B metal (aluminum, etc.) and periodic table. It may be a Group 4B metal (such as tin).
- the metal metal atom
- the protective colloid A2
- the metal nanoparticles (A1) may be the metal simple substance, the metal alloy, metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal sulfide, metal carbide, metal nitride, metal boride and the like. These metal nanoparticles (A1) can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In many cases, the metal nanoparticles (A1) are usually single metal particles or metal alloy particles. Among them, the metal constituting the metal nanoparticles (A1) is a metal (metal simple substance and metal alloy) including at least a noble metal such as silver (especially Group 1B metal of the periodic table), particularly a noble metal simple substance (for example, silver simple substance). Is preferred.
- Metal nanoparticles (A1) are nanometer size.
- the volume-based center particle size (primary particle size) of the metal nanoparticles (A1) can be selected from a range of about 1 to 150 nm, for example, about 10 to 150 nm, preferably 15 to 120 nm, and more preferably about 20 to 100 nm. If the particle size is too small, the specific surface area of the nanoparticles is large, so that the proportion of the protective colloid (A2) covering the surface increases, and it is difficult to remove the protective colloid (A2) even by firing, and metal binding is likely to be hindered. . On the other hand, if the particle size is too large, sintering is difficult to occur and it is difficult to form a metal bond.
- the protective colloid (A2) includes an organic compound having a carboxyl group (carboxy organic compound), and further includes a polymer dispersant having a carboxyl group.
- the carboxy organic compound has a carboxyl group.
- the number of such carboxyl groups is not particularly limited as long as it is 1 or more per molecule of the carboxy organic compound, and may preferably be about 1 to 3.
- some or all of the carboxyl groups may form a salt (a salt with an amine, a metal salt, or the like).
- an organic compound in which a carboxyl group (particularly, all carboxyl groups) does not form a salt [particularly, a salt with a basic compound (a salt with an amine or an amine salt)]
- the organic compound having a carboxyl group can be preferably used.
- the compound which has the carboxyl group of the said patent document 1 can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- a free carboxyl group can be removed from the metal particles at the firing temperature and the bonding strength of the inorganic material can be improved by forming a sintered site.
- alkanoic acid alkane carboxylic acid
- alkane carboxylic acid alkane carboxylic acid
- alkane carboxylic acid alkane carboxylic acid
- alkane carboxylic acid alkane carboxylic acid
- C 1-12 alkanoic acid Eg, C 1-6 alkanoic acid
- C 1-4 alkanoic acid particularly C 1-3 alkanoic acid (eg, C 1-2 alkanoic acid such as acetic acid)
- the molecular weight of the carboxy organic compound is, for example, 1,000 or less (for example, about 46 to 900), preferably 600 or less (for example, about 46 to 500), and more preferably 100 or less (for example, about 46 to 74). It may be.
- the pKa value of the carboxy organic compound may be, for example, 1 or more (for example, about 1 to 10), preferably 2 or more (for example, about 2 to 8).
- the proportion of the metal nanoparticles (A1) can be increased in spite of few coarse particles, and the metal colloid particles (A) ( And the dispersion stability thereof can also be improved.
- the polymer dispersant described in Patent Document 1 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- poly (meth) acrylic acids or polyacrylic acid resins such as poly (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid and copolymerizable monomers (for example, , (Meth) acrylates, maleic anhydride, etc.) and other polymers based on (meth) acrylic acid, salts thereof (for example, alkali metal salts such as sodium polyacrylate)
- Dispersic 190 manufactured by Big Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.
- Dispersic 194 manufactured by Big Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.
- the like can be preferably used.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer dispersant having a carboxyl group can be selected from the range of 1,000 to 1,000,000, for example, 1,500 to 500,000, preferably 2,000 to 80,000, Preferably, it may be about 3,000 to 50,000 (particularly 5,000 to 30,000).
- the proportion of the protective colloid (A2) is, for example, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.3 to 8 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight of the metal nanoparticles (A1) in terms of solid content. About 0.5 to 5 parts by mass (particularly 1 to 3 parts by mass). If the proportion of the protective colloid (A2) is too small, the proportion of coarse metal nanoparticles increases, and if it is too large, metal bonding may be inhibited and conductivity may be lowered.
- Viscosity modifier (viscosity agent or rheology control agent)
- B) is an additive capable of hydrogen bonding with a carboxyl group contained in the protective colloid (A2) in the adhesive. Since hydrogen bonding is possible, the molecule has hydrogen atoms and negative atoms (oxygen atoms and / or nitrogen atoms), hydrogen bond strength is high, and thickening and compatibility with solvents are also high. From the point, it has an amide bond and / or a urea bond (particularly an amide bond).
- the amide bond and / or urea bond interacts with the protective colloid (A2), so that the viscosity of the paste-like adhesive can be greatly improved even with a small addition amount, and the screen printability can be improved.
- the viscosity modifier (B) which expresses such a hydrogen bond
- a viscosity modifier (B) does not accumulate easily on the to-be-adhered surface of a base material, and it is hard to inhibit metal joining.
- the surface of the base material is noble metal under curing conditions.
- the resin tends to accumulate on the substrate surface / metal nanoparticle interface, and metal bonding is difficult to occur (the sintering of the metal nanoparticles to the substrate surface).
- the speed at which the resin accumulates at the substrate surface / metal nanoparticle interface is faster).
- viscosity modifier viscosity modifier that acts as a hydrogen bonding aid
- the viscosity modifier (B ) Is constrained, so that under the curing conditions, the sintering reaction (metal bonding) of the metal nanoparticles (A1) occurs faster than the viscosity modifier (B) accumulates on the surface of the substrate. It can be estimated that the resulting metal bonding can be achieved (the speed of sintering of the metal nanoparticles (A1) to the substrate surface is faster than the speed at which the viscosity modifier (B) accumulates at the substrate surface / metal nanoparticle interface). .
- the viscosity modifier (B) preferably has a structure that easily forms a hydrogen bond with the carboxyl group of the protective colloid (A2), and particularly preferably has a urea-modified polyamide skeleton.
- the viscosity modifier (B) is a (poly) oxy C 2-4 alkylene group (for example, hydroxyethoxy) in addition to the polyamide skeleton (particularly the urea-modified polyamide skeleton).
- (poly) oxy C 2-4 alkylene groups are excellent in dispersibility in hydrophilic dispersion solvents, and alkyl groups are excellent in dispersibility in hydrophobic dispersion solvents. .
- the viscosity modifier (B) has the formula (1): R 1 -AUR 2 -UAR 1 (wherein R 1 is a hydroxy (poly) C 2-4 alkoxy group or an alkyl group) And A is a urea-modified polyamide group, U is a urea group, and R 2 is a (poly) oxy C 2-4 alkylene group or an alkylene group).
- the ratio of the polyamide skeleton (particularly the urea-modified polyamide skeleton) is, for example, 1 to 95% by mass with respect to the entire viscosity modifier (B). It is preferably 5 to 90% by mass, more preferably about 10 to 80% by mass.
- the number average molecular weight of the viscosity modifier (B) is, for example, 1,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 5,000 to 500,000, more preferably 10,000 to 200,000 (particularly 50,000 to About 150,000).
- the ratio of the viscosity modifier (B) is, for example, 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.3 to 8 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass in terms of solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal nanoparticles (A1). Is about 0.5 to 5 parts by mass (particularly 1 to 4 parts by mass).
- the ratio of the viscosity modifier (B) is too small, the effect of hydrogen bonding with the protective colloid (A2) of the metal nanoparticles (A1) is small and liquid dripping easily, so that screen printing may be difficult.
- the metal nanoparticles (A1) may be dispersed in an adhesive.
- a solvent having a boiling point of 220 ° C. or higher is preferable.
- the boiling point of the dispersion solvent (C) under atmospheric pressure is, for example, about 220 to 300 ° C., preferably about 230 to 280 ° C., more preferably about 240 to 270 ° C. If the boiling point of the dispersion solvent (C) is too low, a conductive adhesive is applied by screen printing.
- the drying is intense and the chip mounting mount
- the solvent dries before the process is performed, which tends to cause poor adhesion.
- the boiling point is too high, the solvent is difficult to evaporate under the conductive adhesive curing conditions (usually 100 to 300 ° C., 3 to 120 minutes), the adhesive layer is easily damaged, and the curing temperature is increased or the curing time is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the processing time, and the semiconductor chip is likely to be deteriorated or the productivity is lowered.
- a solvent having a hydroxyl group is preferable from the viewpoint of easy development of drying delay.
- a solvent having a plurality of hydroxyl groups in one molecule for example, 2 to 3 hydroxyl groups, preferably 2 hydroxyl groups
- chip mounting is possible without drying for several hours after printing.
- Solvents (diols) having two hydroxyl groups in one molecule are particularly suitable for drying delay when compared to alcohols having the same boiling point (solvents having one hydroxyl group in one molecule).
- Examples of such a dispersion solvent (C) include aliphatic alcohols [eg, C 10 such as 1-decanol (229 ° C.), 1-undecanol (243.5 ° C.), 1-tetradecanol (295 ° C.), etc.
- dispersion solvents (C) aliphatic diols, glycols and aromatic diols are preferred, and aliphatic diols such as 1,5-pentanediol are particularly preferred.
- the concentration of the metal nanoparticles (A1) in the conductive adhesive for screen printing is, for example, 30 to 95% by mass, preferably 50 to 93% by mass, more preferably 60 to 90% by mass (particularly 65 to 85% by mass). ) Degree.
- the metal nanoparticles (A1) coated with the protective colloid (A2) are also nanometer-sized, and the volume-based center particle size (primary particle size) and the like are in the same range as described above. You can choose from.
- a conventional additive for example, a colorant (dyeing pigment, etc.), a hue improver, a dye fixing agent, a gloss imparting agent, a metal corrosion inhibitor, Stabilizers (antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, etc.), surfactants or dispersants (anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, etc.), dispersion stabilizers, Viscosity modifiers other than the thickener or the viscosity modifier (B), humectants, thixotropic agents, leveling agents, antifoaming agents, bactericides, fillers, and the like may be included.
- the binder resin may be included in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
- the metal colloid particles (A) are prepared by a conventional method, for example, the metal compound corresponding to the metal nanoparticles (A1), the presence of a protective colloid (A2) and a reducing agent. Then, it can be prepared by reduction in a solvent. In detail, it can manufacture with the manufacturing method of the said patent document 1, etc.
- a conductive adhesive can be prepared by kneading the viscosity modifier (B) and the dispersion solvent (C) with a mortar or the like with respect to the metal colloid particles (A).
- the viscosity modifier (B) and / or the dispersion solvent (C) may be added in portions, and water or solvent mixed in the adhesive may be removed using a heater such as a dryer.
- the conductive adhesive for screen printing of the present invention is suitably used for bonding inorganic materials.
- the bonded body of the inorganic material includes a printing step of screen printing the conductive adhesive on the bonded surface of the first inorganic material, and a bonded surface of the second inorganic material on the printed conductive adhesive. And sandwiching the conductive adhesive between the two inorganic base materials, followed by a sintering process in which the conductive adhesive is sintered by heating at 100 ° C. or higher. That is, the inorganic material joined body of the present invention is obtained by sintering the conductive adhesive with the conductive adhesive interposed between the first inorganic material and the second inorganic material. It is done.
- the inorganic material may be an inorganic material such as glass or carbon material, but since the conductive adhesive contains metal nanoparticles (A1), at least the bonding surface is made of metal from the viewpoint of improving the bonding strength.
- a material including (or having a metal on the bonding surface) (in particular, a material in which substantially the entire bonding surface is made of metal) is preferable.
- the metal include simple metals, alloys, metal compounds and the like exemplified in the section of metal nanoparticles (A1).
- a simple metal or an alloy is preferable, and as a combination of a simple metal constituting the metal nanoparticle (A1) and a simple metal constituting the bonding surface of the inorganic material (or each simple metal constituting the alloy), It may be selected according to crystal structures such as simple cubic lattice structure (sc), face centered cubic lattice structure (fcc), body centered cubic lattice structure (bcc), hexagonal close-packed (filled) structure (hcp), etc.
- a combination of crystal structures may be used, but a combination of the same crystal structures (for example, fccs, bccs, etc.) is preferable.
- the lattice constant is also preferably approximated, and the lattice constant of the single metal constituting the joint surface is 0.8 to 1.2 relative to the lattice constant of the single metal constituting the metal nanoparticle (A1). It may be about twice (particularly 0.86 to 1.17 times).
- the lattice constants of both are adjusted to such a range, the mutual crystal lattices are matched, so that it is presumed that a good metal bond is formed at the interface.
- the atomic radius of the single metal constituting the bonding surface is 0.8 to 1.2 times (0.85 to 1.15 times) the atomic radius of the single metal constituting the metal nanoparticle (A1). ) Degree.
- the metal nanoparticle (A1) is composed of silver (fcc, lattice constant a: 3.614 ⁇ (angstrom), atomic radius: 1.442 ⁇ ), the metal constituting the bonding surface is at least silver.
- the bonding surface may be surface-treated with a single metal or a metal alloy.
- the surface treatment include sputtering and plating with a metal containing a noble metal.
- the first inorganic material and the second inorganic material to be joined may be different materials or the same kind of materials.
- the shape of the inorganic material is not particularly limited.
- the shape in which the contact area between the materials to be joined increases, for example, the shape in which the joining surface is flat (usually a plate or sheet shape, a film shape, a foil shape), etc. It may be wire-like or linear.
- the coating thickness is about 1 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably about 30 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably about 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the pattern width may be, for example, about 10 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably about 20 to 300 ⁇ m, and more preferably about 30 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the screen plate may be, for example, about 100 to 1000 mesh, preferably about 200 to 800 mesh, and more preferably about 300 to 600 mesh.
- the firing temperature for sintering the conductive adhesive may be 100 ° C. or higher, for example, 100 to 500 ° C., preferably 120 to 400 ° C., more preferably 150 to 350 ° C. (especially 180 to 300 ° C.). It may be. Further, before firing, for example, preheating may be performed at a temperature of about 80 to 200 ° C. (particularly 100 to 150 ° C.). In the firing, pressurization may be applied, for example, firing may be performed with a load of about 1 to 500 g / cm 2 , preferably 3 to 300 g / cm 2 , more preferably 5 to 100 g / cm 2. Good. The firing may be performed in air or in an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas.
- the firing treatment time may be, for example, about 1 minute to 10 hours, preferably 20 minutes to 5 hours, and more preferably about 30 minutes to 3 hours, depending on the firing temperature.
- Example 1 (Preparation of silver colloidal particles) 66.8 g of silver nitrate, 10 g of acetic acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., boiling point 118 ° C.), polymer dispersant having a carboxy group (COOH-containing polymer) (“Disperbic 190” manufactured by BYK Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) 0.7 g of acid value 10 mg KOH / g, active ingredient 40%, main solvent: water) was put into 100 g of ion-exchanged water and stirred vigorously. To this, 100 g of 2-dimethylaminoethanol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was gradually added. After stirring at 75 ° C.
- spherical silver powder was formed as a black precipitate. After removing the supernatant by decantation and diluting with water repeatedly and diluting to the initial 1000 times, the precipitate is collected by suction filtration, and the wet cake of silver nanoparticles protected with a carboxy group-containing protective colloid (silver Colloidal particles) were obtained.
- a comb pattern was formed and evaluated according to the following criteria.
- A The line width after printing is less than ⁇ 10% of the target line width.
- B The line width after printing does not satisfy the above criteria.
- the conductive adhesive was printed on a nickel / gold-plated copper substrate (adhesive surface is gold) using a screen plate having a wire diameter of 18 ⁇ m, 500 mesh, and an emulsion thickness of 10 ⁇ m, and 500 ⁇ m ⁇ (500 ⁇ m ⁇ 500 ⁇ m) pattern was formed. After printing, it was allowed to stand at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 0, 30, 60, 180, and 300 minutes, and then it was confirmed by an optical microscope whether the printed matter was dried. Specifically, the printed material was scraped with tweezers, and the case where the dried material was peeled was evaluated as “peeling”.
- the chip was mounted on the printed conductive adhesive pattern, and the shear strength was confirmed.
- the shear strength was measured under the conditions of a test speed of 330 ⁇ m / s and a test height of 50 ⁇ m using “Universal Bond Tester Series 4000” manufactured by Daisy Corporation.
- a test speed of 330 ⁇ m / s and a test height of 50 ⁇ m using “Universal Bond Tester Series 4000” manufactured by Daisy Corporation.
- the failure mode was observed, and either cohesive failure (metal bonding) or interface peeling (non-metal bonding) It was evaluated whether it is.
- a chip a bonding surface is gold in which a film formed by sputtering in the order of titanium, platinum, and gold on aluminum nitride was used.
- the conductive adhesive is applied to a slide glass (manufactured by Matsunami Glass Industry, trade name “Slide Glass S1225”) using an applicator, and baked at 200 ° C. for 90 minutes to form a conductive film having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m.
- the specific resistance of the conductive film was calculated from the surface resistance obtained by the method and the film thickness obtained by the stylus type film thickness meter.
- Example 2 To 100 parts of the silver nanoparticle-dispersed paste prepared in Example 1, 16.7 parts of 1,5-pentanediol and 4.4 parts of a viscosity modifier (BYK-431) are added and kneaded in a mortar while applying a hot air dryer. Then, isobutanol and monophenyl glycol contained in the viscosity modifier were removed to obtain a conductive adhesive having a silver concentration of 75%. The obtained conductive adhesive was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- BYK-431 a viscosity modifier
- Example 3 To 100 parts of the silver nanoparticle dispersion paste prepared in Example 1, 9.7 parts of 1,5-pentanediol and 2.2 parts of a viscosity modifier (BYK-431) were added and kneaded in a mortar while applying a hot air dryer. Then, isobutanol and monophenyl glycol contained in the viscosity modifier were removed to obtain a conductive adhesive having a silver concentration of 80%. The obtained conductive adhesive was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- BYK-431 a viscosity modifier
- Example 4 To 100 parts of the silver nanoparticle dispersion paste prepared in Example 1, 9.8 parts of 1,5-pentanediol and 1.1 parts of a viscosity modifier (BYK-431) were added and kneaded in a mortar while applying a hot air dryer. Then, isobutanol and monophenyl glycol contained in the viscosity modifier were removed to obtain a conductive adhesive having a silver concentration of 85%. The obtained conductive adhesive was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- BYK-431 a viscosity modifier
- Example 5 To 100 parts of the silver nanoparticle dispersion paste prepared in Example 1, 33.4 parts of 1,5-pentanediol and 13.2 parts of a viscosity modifier (BYK-431) were added and kneaded in a mortar while applying a hot air dryer. Then, isobutanol and monophenyl glycol contained in the viscosity modifier were removed to obtain a conductive adhesive having a silver concentration of 65%. The obtained conductive adhesive was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- BYK-431 a viscosity modifier
- Example 1 The silver nanoparticle dispersion paste prepared in Example 1 was used as it was and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Comparative Example 2 Evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 using a paste in which 1,5-pentanediol was added to the silver nanoparticle-dispersed paste prepared in Example 1 to make the silver concentration 70%.
- Comparative Example 3 100 parts of silver nanoparticle dispersion paste prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the solvent was butyl carbitol acetate was added to 4.4 parts of butyl carbitol acetate and a thickener (manufactured by Nisshin Kasei Co., Ltd. EC-200 ", high molecular weight ethyl cellulose, active ingredient 15%, main solvent: butyl carbitol acetate) 5.6 parts was added and kneaded in a mortar to obtain a conductive adhesive having a silver concentration of 80%. The obtained conductive adhesive was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Comparative Example 4 Except that the solvent was butyl carbitol acetate, 100 parts of silver nanoparticle dispersion paste prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, 4.4 parts of butyl carbitol acetate and 21.3 parts of thickener (EC-200) And kneaded in a mortar to obtain a conductive adhesive having a silver concentration of 70%. The obtained conductive adhesive was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Comparative Example 5 To 100 parts of the silver nanoparticle dispersion paste prepared in Example 1, 22.2 parts of 1,5-pentanediol and 5.5 parts of a polymer having a carboxyl group as a viscosity modifier (Dispervic 190) were added. Evaluation was made in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conductive adhesive having a silver concentration of 70% was obtained by kneading in a mortar while applying a dryer and removing the water contained in the viscosity modifier.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the adhesives obtained in the examples and comparative examples.
- the adhesives of the examples are excellent in screen printability and adhesiveness, whereas the adhesives of the comparative examples have low adhesiveness or screen printability.
- the conductive adhesive of the present invention can be used as an adhesive between inorganic materials such as metal materials, and can be used, for example, for the formation of electrodes and circuits such as electronic components, and adhesion between components.
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Abstract
Description
優れている。
金属ナノ粒子(A1)、及びカルボキシル基を有する有機化合物とカルボキシル基を有する高分子分散剤を含む保護コロイド(A2)を含む金属コロイド粒子(A)、
アミド結合及び/又は尿素結合を有する粘度調整剤(B)、及び
分散溶媒(C)
を含む。
第1の無機素材の接合面に前記スクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤をスクリーン印刷する印刷工程、及び
該印刷された導電性接着剤上に第2の無機素材の接合面を貼り付け、両無機基材で前記導電性接着剤を挟み込んだ後、100℃以上で加熱して前記導電性接着剤を焼結する焼結工程
を含む無機素材の接合体の製造方法を提供する。
本発明のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤は、金属ナノ粒子(A1)及びカルボキシル基を有する有機化合物及びカルボキシル基を有する高分子分散剤を含む保護コロイド(A2)を含む金属コロイド粒子(A)と、アミド結合及び/又は尿素結合を有する粘度調整剤(B)と、分散溶媒(C)とを含む。
金属コロイド粒子(A)は、金属ナノ粒子(A1)と、カルボキシル基を有する有機化合物及びカルボキシル基を有する高分子分散剤を含む保護コロイド(A2)とを含んでいればよく、金属ナノ粒子(A1)と保護コロイド(A2)とは独立して存在していてもよいが、金属ナノ粒子(A1)の分散性を向上できる点から、金属ナノ粒子(A1)と、この金属ナノ粒子(A1)を被覆する保護コロイド(A2)で構成された金属コロイド粒子(A)であってもよい。
金属ナノ粒子(A1)を構成する金属(金属原子)としては、例えば、遷移金属(例えば、チタン、ジルコニウムなどの周期表第4A族金属;バナジウム、ニオブなどの周期表第5A族金属;モリブデン、タングステンなどの周期表第6A族金属;マンガンなどの周期表第7A族金属;鉄、ニッケル、コバルト、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、レニウム、イリジウム、白金などの周期表第8族金属;銅、銀、金などの周期表第1B族金属など)、周期表第2B族金属(例えば、亜鉛、カドミウムなど)、周期表第3B族金属(例えば、アルミニウム、ガリウム、インジウムなど)、周期表第4B族金属(例えば、ゲルマニウム、スズ、鉛など)、周期表第5B族金属(例えば、アンチモン、ビスマスなど)などが挙げられる。金属は、周期表第8族金属(鉄、ニッケル、ロジウム、パラジウム、白金など)、周期表第1B族金属(銅、銀、金など)、周期表第3B族金属(アルミニウムなど)及び周期表第4B族金属(スズなど)などであってもよい。なお、金属(金属原子)は、保護コロイド(A2)に対する配位性の高い金属、例えば、周期表第8族金属、周期表第1B族金属などである場合が多い。
保護コロイド(A2)は、カルボキシル基を有する有機化合物(カルボキシ有機化合物)を含み、カルボキシル基を有する高分子分散剤をさらに含む。
粘度調整剤(粘稠剤又はレオロジーコントロール剤)(B)は、接着剤中で保護コロイド(A2)に含まれるカルボキシル基と水素結合可能な添加剤であり、カルボキシル基と水素結合可能であるために、分子内に水素原子と陰性原子(酸素原子及び/又は窒素原子)とを有しており、水素結合の結合強度が大きく、増粘性や溶媒との相溶性も高い点から、アミド結合及び/又は尿素結合(特にアミド結合)を有している。そのため、アミド結合及び/又は尿素結合は保護コロイド(A2)と相互作用することで、少ない添加量でもペースト状の接着剤の粘度を大幅に改善可能であり、スクリーン印刷性を向上できる。また、このような水素結合を発現する粘度調整剤(B)の場合、接着剤の硬化時に、基材の被接着面に粘度調整剤(B)が溜まり難く、金属接合を阻害し難い。
分散溶媒(C)としては、前記金属ナノ粒子(A1)(又は金属コロイド粒子(A))を接着剤中で分散できればよいが、スクリーン印刷性の点から、大気圧下における沸点が220℃以上の溶媒が好ましい。分散溶媒(C)の大気圧下における沸点は、例えば、220~300℃、好ましくは230~280℃、さらに好ましくは240~270℃程度である。分散溶媒(C)の沸点が低すぎると、導電性接着剤をスクリーン印刷で塗布し、例えば、厚み5~20μm、幅30~100μm程度のパターンを形成させた場合、乾燥が激しく、チップ実装マウントを行うまでに溶剤が乾燥してしまい、接着不良となり易い。一方、沸点が高すぎると、導電性接着剤の硬化条件下(通常100~300℃、3~120分間)で溶媒が揮発し難く、接着層に損損し易く、硬化温度の高温化又は硬化時間の長時間化を行う必要があり、半導体チップの劣化又は生産性の低下を招き易い。
本発明のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤は、無機素材を接合するために好適に用いられる。詳しくは、無機素材の接合体は、第1の無機素材の接合面に前記導電性接着剤をスクリーン印刷する印刷工程、及び該印刷された導電性接着剤上に第2の無機素材の接合面を取り付け、両無機基材で前記導電性接着剤を挟み込んだ後、100℃以上で加熱して前記導電性接着剤を焼結する焼結工程を経て得られる。すなわち、本発明の無機素材の接合体は、第1の無機素材と第2の無機素材との間に、前記導電性接着剤を介在させて、前記導電性接着剤を焼結することにより得られる。
(銀コロイド粒子調製)
硝酸銀66.8g、酢酸(和光純薬工業(株)製、沸点118℃)10g、カルボキシ基を有する高分子分散剤(COOH含有高分子)(ビックケミー・ジャパン(株)製「ディスパービック190」、酸価10mgKOH/g、有効成分40%、主溶剤:水)0.7gを、イオン交換水100gに投入し、激しく撹拌した。これに2-ジメチルアミノエタノール(和光純薬工業(株)製)100gを徐々に加えた。75℃で1.5時間撹拌後、球状銀粉が黒色沈殿物として生じた。デカンテーションによる上澄みの除去と水による希釈操作を繰り返し行い、初期の1000倍まで希釈した後、吸引ろ過により沈殿物を回収し、カルボキシ基含有保護コロイドで保護された銀ナノ粒子の湿潤ケーキ(銀コロイド粒子)を得た。
前記湿潤ケーキに溶媒として1,5-ペンタンジオール(和光純薬工業(株)製、沸点242℃)を加えた後、乳鉢で練りながら水を除去して、銀濃度88.0%の銀ナノ粒子分散ペーストを得た。
前記導電性接着剤を、線径18μm、500メッシュ、乳剤厚み10μmのスクリーン版を用いて、ニッケル/金メッキを施した銅基板(接着面は金)に印刷し、L/S=50/50μmの櫛形パターンを形成し、以下の基準で評価した。
B:印刷後の線幅が前記基準を満たさない線幅である。
前記導電性接着剤を、線径18μm、500メッシュ、乳剤厚み10μmのスクリーン版を用いて、ニッケル/金メッキを施した銅基板(接着面は金)に印刷し、基板上に500μm□(500μm×500μm)のパターンを形成させた。印刷後、室温下(25℃)で0、30、60、180、300分間放置した後、光学顕微鏡で印刷物が乾燥していないか確認した。具体的にはピンセットで印刷物を削り、乾燥物が剥離した場合を「剥離」と評価した。次いで、印刷された導電性接着剤パターンにチップをマウントし、せん断強度を確認した。せん断強度は、デイジ(株)製「万能型ボンドテスターシリーズ4000」を用いて、テストスピード330μm/s、テスト高さ50μmの条件で測定した。また、印刷直後にチップマウントし、200℃、90分間硬化させたサンプルについては、せん断強度に加えて、破壊モードを観察し、凝集破壊(金属結合)、界面剥離(非金属結合)のいずれかであるか評価した。なお、チップとしては、窒化アルミニウム上に、チタン、白金、金の順にスパッタリングによる膜を設けたチップ(接着面は金)を用いた。
前記導電性接着剤をスライドガラス(松浪硝子工業製、商品名「スライドグラスS1225」)にアプリケーターを用いて塗布し、200℃、90分間焼成して厚み3μmの導電膜を形成し、四探針法によって得られる表面抵抗と触針式膜厚計によって得られる膜厚から、導電膜の比抵抗を算出した。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペースト100部に、1,5-ペンタンジオール16.7部、粘度調整剤(BYK-431)4.4部を加え、温風ドライヤーを当てながら乳鉢で練り、粘度調整剤に含まれていたイソブタノール及びモノフェニルグリコールを除去して、銀濃度75%の導電性接着剤を得た。得られた導電性接着剤を実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペースト100部に、1,5-ペンタンジオール9.7部、粘度調整剤(BYK-431)2.2部を加え、温風ドライヤーを当てながら乳鉢で練り、粘度調整剤に含まれていたイソブタノール及びモノフェニルグリコールを除去して、銀濃度80%の導電性接着剤を得た。得られた導電性接着剤を実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペースト100部に、1,5-ペンタンジオール9.8部、粘度調整剤(BYK-431)1.1部を加え、温風ドライヤーを当てながら乳鉢で練り、粘度調整剤に含まれていたイソブタノール及びモノフェニルグリコールを除去して、銀濃度85%の導電性接着剤を得た。得られた導電性接着剤を実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペースト100部に、1,5-ペンタンジオール33.4部、粘度調整剤(BYK-431)13.2部を加え、温風ドライヤーを当てながら乳鉢で練り、粘度調整剤に含まれていたイソブタノール及びモノフェニルグリコールを除去して、銀濃度65%の導電性接着剤を得た。得られた導電性接着剤を実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペーストをそのまま使用し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペーストに1,5-ペンタンジオールを加え銀濃度70%としたペーストを使用し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
溶媒をブチルカルビトールアセテートとしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペースト100部に、ブチルカルビトールアセテート4.4部、増粘剤(日新化成(株)製「EC-200」、高分子量エチルセルロース、有効成分15%、主溶剤:ブチルカルビトールアセテート)5.6部を加え、乳鉢で練り、銀濃度80%の導電性接着剤を得た。得られた導電性接着剤を実施例1と同様に評価した。
溶媒をブチルカルビトールアセテートとしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペースト100部に、ブチルカルビトールアセテート4.4部、増粘剤(EC-200)21.3部を加え、乳鉢で練り、銀濃度70%の導電性接着剤を得た。得られた導電性接着剤を実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子分散ペースト100部に、1,5-ペンタンジオール22.2部、粘度調整剤としてカルボキシル基を有する高分子(ディスパービック190)5.5部を加え、温風ドライヤーを当てながら乳鉢で練り、粘度調整剤に含まれていた水を除去して、銀濃度70%の導電性接着剤を得たとしたこと以外は実施例1と同様に評価した。
本出願は、2012年10月31日出願の日本特許出願2012-239957に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (9)
- 金属ナノ粒子(A1)、及びカルボキシル基を有する有機化合物及びカルボキシル基を有する高分子分散剤を含む保護コロイド(A2)を含む金属コロイド粒子(A)、
アミド結合及び/又は尿素結合を有する粘度調整剤(B)、及び
分散溶媒(C)
を含むスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤。 - 粘度調整剤(B)がウレア変性ポリアミド骨格を有する請求項1に記載のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤。
- 粘度調整剤(B)が、さらにポリオキシC2-4アルキレン基及び/又はアルキル基を有する請求項2に記載のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤。
- 粘度調整剤(B)の割合が、金属ナノ粒子(A1)100質量部に対して1~4質量部である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤。
- 保護コロイド(A2)の割合が、金属ナノ粒子(A1)100質量部に対して1~3質量部である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤。
- 分散溶媒(C)が、大気圧下における沸点が220℃以上であり、かつ分子内に複数のヒドロキシル基を有する溶媒である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤。
- 第1の無機素材の接合面に請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のスクリーン印刷用導電性接着剤をスクリーン印刷する印刷工程、及び
該印刷された導電性接着剤上に第2の無機素材の接合面を取り付け、両無機基材で前記導電性接着剤を挟み込んだ後、100℃以上で加熱して前記導電性接着剤を焼結する焼結工程
を含む無機素材の接合体の製造方法。 - 第1及び第2の無機素材の少なくとも一方の接合面が貴金属を含む請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項7又は8に記載の製造方法により得られた無機素材の接合体。
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