WO2013187203A1 - 3次元計測装置と3次元計測方法 - Google Patents
3次元計測装置と3次元計測方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013187203A1 WO2013187203A1 PCT/JP2013/064277 JP2013064277W WO2013187203A1 WO 2013187203 A1 WO2013187203 A1 WO 2013187203A1 JP 2013064277 W JP2013064277 W JP 2013064277W WO 2013187203 A1 WO2013187203 A1 WO 2013187203A1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 5
- 108700028516 Lan-7 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object
- G01B11/2513—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object with several lines being projected in more than one direction, e.g. grids, patterns
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object
- G01B11/2518—Projection by scanning of the object
- G01B11/2527—Projection by scanning of the object with phase change by in-plane movement of the patern
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object
- G01B11/2545—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object with one projection direction and several detection directions, e.g. stereo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
- G06T7/62—Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/296—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10028—Range image; Depth image; 3D point clouds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20068—Projection on vertical or horizontal image axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to three-dimensional measurement, and more particularly to connection of phases obtained by the phase shift method.
- a three-dimensional shape of a measurement target object (hereinafter simply referred to as “measurement object”) is obtained by projecting a grid onto the measurement target object from a projector and capturing an image with a camera (for example, Patent Document 1: Patent 3536097).
- a grating whose translucency changes periodically in a sine wave shape is arranged on the front surface of the projector, and the position of the grating is shifted by, for example, 1 ⁇ 4 of the sine wave period, and images are taken four times, for example.
- phase shift method Assuming that the luminance of the same pixel in four images is I0 to I3, (I1 ⁇ I3) / (I0 ⁇ I2) represents the phase of the pixel with respect to the lattice, and the phase represents the direction of the measurement object viewed from the projector. Yes. Since the direction of the pixel viewed from the camera is known, when the direction of the measurement object viewed from the projector is determined, the three-dimensional position of the measurement object surface is determined by the principle of stereo surveying. Since the phase of the grating is used, this method is called a phase shift method.
- the phase shift method measures the phase from 0 to 2 ⁇ .
- a grating that repeats periodically is used, and therefore it is necessary to determine the order of the phase relative to the grating.
- the phase number connection is referred to as “n”, the phase of 0 to 2 ⁇ being ⁇ , and adding the number n to the phase ⁇ to convert it to a phase of 2n ⁇ + ⁇ .
- n the phase number connection
- the phase ⁇ continuously changes between adjacent pixels
- the phase ⁇ greatly jumps between adjacent pixels, that is, when the phase ⁇ changes discontinuously, the phase connection is difficult.
- Patent Document 1 Patent 3536097 discloses the use of a frequency modulation grating in which the spatial frequency of the grating (the reciprocal of the pitch of the grating) changes periodically.
- a frequency modulation grating in which the spatial frequency of the grating (the reciprocal of the pitch of the grating) changes periodically.
- Patent Document 2 Patent 3500430 proposes to use a monochromatic rectangular wave grating obtained by synthesizing two kinds of gratings with a pitch ratio of m: n.
- m ⁇ n images are required and the photographing time is long.
- the contrast of the grating is low, the measurement accuracy of the phase ⁇ is lowered.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent No. 4170875 proposes to obtain the same result as that obtained by projecting a plurality of gratings by moving the grating along the projection direction from the projector.
- this method requires a mechanism for moving the grating in the vertical direction (projection direction) with respect to the projector.
- An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily connect the phase ⁇ without significantly increasing the measurement time.
- a three-dimensional measurement apparatus includes a projector that projects a grid on an object to be measured in a shiftable manner, a camera that captures the object to be measured, and a plurality of images in which the position of the grid is shifted.
- a three-dimensional measurement apparatus comprising: a computer that obtains a phase of an object and converts the object to a three-dimensional shape of an object to be measured; Two projectors are provided at a position relatively close to the camera and a position relatively distant from the camera, The computer The rough phase of the surface of the object to be measured is obtained from the image projected from the projector close to the camera, and the surface of the object to be measured is determined from the image projected from the projector far from the camera.
- a phase connection unit that converts the precise phase into a phase that uniquely determines the position of the surface of the object to be measured along the line of sight from the camera by the coarse phase.
- the phase analysis unit of the three-dimensional measurement device obtains a rough phase of the surface of the object to be measured from an image projected from a projector at a position close to the camera; Obtaining a precise phase of the surface of the object to be measured from an image projected from a projector at a position far from the camera by the phase analysis unit of the three-dimensional measurement apparatus; Converting the precise phase into a phase that uniquely represents the position of the surface of the object to be measured along the line-of-sight direction from the camera by the phase connection unit of the three-dimensional measurement apparatus; And executing. Note that either the step of obtaining a rough phase or the step of obtaining a precise phase may be performed first.
- phase that uniquely represents the position along the line-of-sight direction of the camera is obtained, but this phase has low spatial resolution.
- a phase in which the spatial resolution is high but the position along the viewing direction of the camera is not uniquely determined is obtained.
- the approximate value of the three-dimensional coordinates on the surface of the measurement object is known, and from this, the approximate value of the precise phase is known.
- the precise phase also changes continuously, so that the range in which the precise phase can be taken can be limited. Therefore, the rough phase can be converted into a precise phase that uniquely determines the position along the viewing direction of the camera.
- the three-dimensional shape of the object is accurately determined by the precise phase.
- the present invention unlike the prior art, it is not necessary to take m ⁇ n images, so that measurement can be performed in a short time. Further, there is no need to shift the grating along the line-of-sight direction, and there is no need to use a frequency modulation grating.
- the description relating to the three-dimensional measuring device also applies to the three-dimensional measuring method as it is, and conversely, the description relating to the three-dimensional measuring method also applies to the three-dimensional measuring device.
- the grating is a periodic grating
- the precise phase is ⁇ that satisfies 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ when one period of the grating is 0 or more and less than 2 ⁇
- the phase connection portion is a reference point of the grating 2 is obtained as a uniquely determined phase by obtaining n from the rough phase, where n is the number of periods from.
- Control means for controlling the two projectors is provided so that the grid is projected from a projector relatively close to the camera. It is the shift of the lattice that takes the most time to acquire an image (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as an image) obtained by projecting the lattice. Then, while one projector is shifting the grid, projection is performed by the other projector and shooting is performed by the camera, so that the time required for image acquisition does not substantially increase and an image can be acquired in a short time. For this reason, even if it is difficult to fix the shape of a human body, an animal, a vibrating object, or the like, the three-dimensional shape can be easily measured.
- a second camera is provided in the vicinity of the projector that is relatively far from the first camera, and the projector that is relatively close to the first camera also projects the relative
- the control means is configured to cause both the first camera and the second camera to photograph the object to be measured even when the projector is projected far away. If it does in this way, the image from two cameras will be acquired and the blind spot in the measurement of a three-dimensional shape will decrease.
- the second camera is a camera that is relatively close to the projector on the side far from the first camera and relatively far from the projector on the side close to the first camera.
- Block diagram of the three-dimensional measuring apparatus of the embodiment The figure which shows the measurement object and unit in an Example Block diagram of personal computer for measurement in the embodiment Flow chart showing a three-dimensional measurement algorithm in the embodiment The figure which shows light emission and imaging
- reference numeral 4 denotes a unit for projecting and photographing a grid, and for example, four units are arranged around an object to be measured (hereinafter, a measurement object) 1.
- the measurement object 1 is, for example, a human body, furniture, machine, automobile, electronic device, building, and the like.
- the four units 4 are provided for three-dimensional measurement of the entire circumference of the measurement object 1. In order to measure the entire circumference, for example, three to six units 4 are provided, and one unit may be used if only one surface is measured.
- a controller 6 controls the shift of the lattice in the unit 4, the light emission of the projector, and the photographing by the camera, and sends commands related to these to the unit 4 via the LAN 7.
- the unit 4 sends the captured image to the controller 6 via the LAN 7, and the controller 6 transfers the image to the measurement personal computer 8.
- the personal computer 8 may be integrated with the controller 6 or the unit 4, and another type of computer may be used instead of the personal computer.
- a monitor 10 is used for user input and display of measurement results.
- the unit 4 includes two upper and lower cameras C1 and C2 and two upper and lower projectors P1 and P2.
- the subscript 1 represents the upper side and 2 represents the lower side.
- the projectors P1 and P2 have, for example, an LED panel as a light source, and a substrate on which light such as a rectangular wave and a sine wave is periodically printed on a glass plate is provided on the light projecting side.
- the phase shift method the same scene is photographed three times or more by shifting the position of the grating, and the projectors P1 and P2 are provided with a shift mechanism 9 for shifting the grating.
- the same scene is photographed four times to facilitate the calculation of the phase, but it may be three times.
- the grid is horizontal stripes and the shift direction is up and down.
- Projector With reference to the camera C2, the projector P2 is a projector at a relatively close position, and the projector P1 is a projector at a relatively far position.
- the grid is vertical stripes and the shift direction is horizontal.
- Cameras C1 and C2 are digital cameras.
- FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the personal computer 8, and the input / output 12 is connected to the unit 4 via the controller 6.
- the user input 14 receives a user instruction, and the display control 16 controls the monitor 10.
- the output unit 18 outputs three-dimensional measurement data.
- the phase analysis unit 20 analyzes the phase by the phase shift method.
- the camera C1, C2 is combined with the projectors P1, P2, a rough phase and a precise phase are obtained, and the camera is combined with a projector close to the phase.
- a precise phase can be obtained.
- four images are taken by shifting the grid by 1 ⁇ 4 pitch by light emission of the same projector, and the luminance is set to I0 to I3.
- the pitch is the period of the grating.
- (I1 ⁇ I3) / (I0 ⁇ I2) represents tan ⁇ 1 ⁇ , and the phase ⁇ can be obtained from this.
- the phase connection unit 22 converts a precise phase ⁇ of 0 to 2 ⁇ into a complete phase of 2n ⁇ + ⁇ (n is an integer), where n is the number of pitches from the reference point of the lattice. Details of the phase connection are shown in FIGS.
- the measuring object 1 has an area where one of the two cameras C1 and C2 can be measured more accurately than the other. For example, in an area that is shaded with respect to one camera, or in an area where only a dark image can be obtained with one camera, it is more accurate to measure the three-dimensional shape based on the image of the other camera.
- the selection unit 24 selects the higher measurement accuracy side for each area of the measurement object with respect to the three-dimensional coordinates obtained from the two cameras C1 and C2.
- the coordinate conversion unit 26 converts the three-dimensional coordinates in the coordinate system based on the cameras C1 and C2 into the three-dimensional coordinates in the reference coordinate system.
- the synthesizing unit 28 synthesizes the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement object surface obtained from the plurality of units 4 by, for example, addition averaging using the reliability as a weight.
- the background removal unit 30 separates the measurement object and the background, and stores, for example, an amplitude image and a phase image created from an image without the measurement object.
- the amplitude image is a contrast image of a sinusoidal lattice calculated from four images, and may be an image with a maximum luminance value or the like.
- the phase image is, for example, a phase image extracted by the phase analysis unit 20 and has a value of 0 to 2 ⁇ , and may be a precise phase image or a coarse phase image.
- the phase image is obtained while the phase analysis unit 20 analyzes the phase. Assuming that the phase at a certain pixel is ⁇ , data such as Asin ⁇ is obtained.
- the amplitude A is obtained. Or since the data of Asin ⁇ and Acos ⁇ are obtained, the square of the amplitude A can be found from A 2 sin 2 ⁇ and A 2 cos 2 ⁇ .
- an amplitude image and a phase image are obtained. In an image including a measurement object, a pixel whose phase and amplitude are not changed from the background image belongs to the background. A pixel in which at least one of the phase and the amplitude is changed may belong to a measurement object, and is therefore a target for three-dimensional measurement.
- Fig. 4 shows the three-dimensional measurement algorithm in the embodiment.
- the upper and lower cameras C1 and C2 of one unit are combined with the projectors P1 and P2, and it takes time to shift the lattice. Therefore, light is emitted from the projector P1 and photographed with the cameras C1 and C2. During this time, the grating of the projector P2 is shifted (steps 1 and 2). On the contrary, while shifting the grid of the projector P1, light is emitted from the projector P2 and photographed by the cameras C1 and C2 (steps 3 and 4).
- the light emission pattern of the projector and the shooting pattern of the camera are as shown in FIG. 5, and the upper part represents the upper projector and the lower part represents the lower projector.
- the upper part represents the upper projector and the lower part represents the lower projector.
- eight projectors emit light four times in one second, and images are taken with a maximum of eight cameras for each light emission, so that a maximum of 256 images in which a grid is projected on a measurement object can be obtained.
- the total time required for photographing is increased by, for example, about 1/3 to 1/6, compared with the case of using one projector.
- phase connection is not necessary for the coarse phase. Then, the position of the surface of the measurement object can be uniquely determined from the rough phase although it is low accuracy. However, since the background or the measurement object cannot be determined from the rough phase, the background is removed. Then, a rough phase and a precise phase are obtained with respect to the surface of the measurement object (steps 6 and 7). Further, referring to the coarse phase, the precise phase in the range of 0 to 2 ⁇ is converted into a complete phase of 2n ⁇ + ⁇ (step 8). When the complete phase is obtained by the phase connection, the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the measurement object are accurately obtained.
- step 9 it is determined for each area on the surface of the measurement object whether the coordinates obtained from the cameras C1 and C2 are to be used according to the brightness of the images of the cameras C1 and C2.
- the coordinates are converted to the reference coordinate system, and in step 12, the coordinates from a plurality of units are synthesized and output.
- the coordinates from each unit are added and averaged using the reliability as a weight.
- the coordinates obtained from the cameras C1 and C2 may be added and averaged using the reliability as a weight after unifying the coordinate system.
- FIG. 6 shows a rough phase and a precise phase as seen from the camera C1.
- the line from the projectors P1, P2 represents one pitch of the grid.
- the phase viewed from the camera C1 changes greatly along the line-of-sight direction with respect to the grating from the projector P2, and there are a plurality of points ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 4 that give the same phase on the same line of sight, and the position of the surface of the measurement object is It is not determined uniquely.
- the phase of the grating from the projector P1 when viewed from the camera C1 changes only slowly. For example, there is no other point that gives the same phase within the measurement range, and the position of the surface of the measurement object can be uniquely determined although it is low accuracy. .
- FIG. 7 This situation is shown in FIG. 7, where the horizontal axis is the position along the viewing direction.
- a rough phase using light emission from the projector P1 is ⁇ P1
- a precise phase using light emission from the projector P2 is ⁇ P2.
- the coarse phase ⁇ P1 has a low accuracy but covers a wide depth range
- the precise phase ⁇ P2 has a high accuracy but only a narrow range, and there are a plurality of points in the measurement range that give the same phase. Therefore, when the precise phase ⁇ P2 is connected using the coarse phase ⁇ P1, a complete phase ⁇ is obtained.
- a complete phase ⁇ range is determined for each pixel by the rough phase ⁇ P1 (that is, a range of values that n can take), and the phase ⁇ P2 is converted into a complete phase ⁇ .
- the complete phase ⁇ is obtained for some pixels as described above, and the range of the complete phase ⁇ change is determined from the coarse phase ⁇ P1 change between the pixels for the other pixels.
- the precise phase ⁇ P2 is converted into a complete phase ⁇ .
- FIG. 8 shows three-dimensional point cloud data obtained from a rough phase due to light emission from the upper projector P1, three-dimensional point cloud data obtained from a precise phase due to light emission from the lower projector P2, and the embodiment.
- the obtained three-dimensional point cloud data is shown.
- the upper camera C1 was used as the camera.
- the lightness variation in FIG. 8 represents the measurement accuracy, and the data variation is significant in the measurement by the upper projector P1.
- the data In the measurement with the lower projector P2, the data is discontinuous.
- the embodiment there is little variation in data, and the data is basically continuous. This indicates that the shape of the measurement object can be obtained with high accuracy over a wide range.
- the following effects can be obtained. 1) By using two or more projectors for one camera and obtaining a rough phase and a precise phase, a three-dimensional shape can be measured accurately. 2) If the light emission from one projector and the photographing by the camera are performed in parallel with the shift of the grating by another projector, the measurement time does not substantially increase. 3) When two or more projectors and two or more cameras are combined, the three-dimensional shape can be measured more accurately and the measurement time does not increase.
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Abstract
Description
カメラから相対的に近い位置と相対的に遠い位置とに、前記プロジェクタが2台設けられ、
前記コンピュータは、
カメラから近い位置のプロジェクタから投影した際の画像から、計測対象の物体の表面の粗な位相を求めると共に、カメラから遠い位置のプロジェクタから投影した際の画像から、計測対象の物体の表面の精密な位相を求める位相解析部と、
前記精密な位相を、前記粗な位相により、カメラからの視線方向に沿っての、計測対象の物体の表面の位置を一意に定める位相へ変換する位相接続部、とを備えていることを特徴とする。
3次元計測装置の位相解析部により、カメラから遠い位置のプロジェクタから投影した際の画像から、計測対象の物体の表面の精密な位相を求めるステップと、
3次元計測装置の位相接続部により、前記精密な位相を、前記粗な位相により、カメラからの視線方向に沿っての、計測対象の物体の表面の位置を一意に表す位相へ変換するステップ、とを実行することを特徴とする。なお粗な位相を求めるステップと、精密な位相を求めるステップは、いずれを先に実行しても良い。
1) 1台のカメラに対し、2台以上のプロジェクタを用いて、粗な位相と精密な位相とを求めることにより、3次元形状を正確に測定できる。
2) 1台のプロジェクタからの発光及びカメラによる撮影と、他のプロジェクタでの格子のシフトを並行して行うと、測定時間が実質的に延びない。
3) 2台以上のプロジェクタと2台以上のカメラとを組み合わせると、より正確に3次元形状を測定でき、しかも測定時間が延びない。
6 コントローラ 7 LAN 8 計測用パーソナルコンピュータ
9 シフト機構 10 モニタ 12 入出力 14 ユーザ入力
16 表示制御 18 出力部 20 位相解析部
22 位相接続部 24 選択部 26 座標変換部
28 合成部 30 背景除去部
P1,P2 プロジェクタ C1,C2 カメラ
Claims (5)
- 計測対象の物体に格子をシフト自在に投影するプロジェクタと、計測対象の物体を撮影するカメラと、格子の位置をシフトさせた複数の画像から格子に対する計測対象の物体の位相を求めて、計測対象の物体の3次元形状へ変換するコンピュータ、とを備えている3次元計測装置において、
カメラから相対的に近い位置と相対的に遠い位置とに、前記プロジェクタが2台設けられ、
前記コンピュータは、
カメラから近い位置のプロジェクタから投影した際の画像から、計測対象の物体の表面の粗な位相を求めると共に、カメラから遠い位置のプロジェクタから投影した際の画像から、計測対象の物体の表面の精密な位相を求める位相解析部と、
前記精密な位相を、前記粗な位相により、カメラからの視線方向に沿っての、計測対象の物体の表面の位置を一意に定める位相へ変換する位相接続部、とを備えていることを特徴とする3次元計測装置。 - 前記格子は周期的な格子で、
前記精密な位相は、格子の1周期を0以上2π未満とする際に、 0≦θ<2π であるθであり、
前記位相接続部は、格子の基準点からの周期の数を n として、前記粗な位相からnを求めることにより、前記一意に定める位相として 2nπ+θ を求めるように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1の3次元計測装置。 - カメラから相対的に近いプロジェクタが格子をシフトさせている間に、カメラから相対的に遠いプロジェクタから格子を投影し、カメラから相対的に遠いプロジェクタが格子をシフトさせている間に、カメラから相対的に近いプロジェクタから格子を投影するように、2台のプロジェクタを制御する制御手段を備えていることを特徴とする、請求項2の3次元計測装置。
- 前記カメラを第1のカメラとして、第1のカメラから相対的に遠いプロジェクタの付近に第2のカメラを設け、
第1のカメラから相対的に近いプロジェクタが投影するときも、相対的に遠いプロジェクタが投影するときも、第1のカメラと第2のカメラに共に計測対象の物体を撮影させるように、前記制御手段が構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項3の3次元計測装置。 - 計測対象の物体にプロジェクタから格子をシフトさせて複数回投影すると共に、格子が投影された計測対象の物体をカメラで撮影し、コンピュータにより、格子の位置がシフトした複数の画像から格子に対する計測対象の物体の位相を求めて、計測対象の物体の3次元形状へ変換する3次元計測方法において、
カメラから相対的に近い位置と相対的に遠い位置とに、前記プロジェクタを2台設けるステップと、
3次元計測装置の位相解析部により、カメラから近い位置のプロジェクタから投影した際の画像から、計測対象の物体の表面の粗な位相を求めるステップと、
3次元計測装置の位相解析部により、カメラから遠い位置のプロジェクタから投影した際の画像から、計測対象の物体の表面の精密な位相を求めるステップと、
3次元計測装置の位相接続部により、前記精密な位相を、前記粗な位相により、カメラからの視線方向に沿っての、計測対象の物体の表面の位置を一意に表す位相へ変換するステップ、とを実行することを特徴とする3次元計測方法。
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