WO2013069642A1 - 位相差フィルム及びそれを備える液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
位相差フィルム及びそれを備える液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013069642A1 WO2013069642A1 PCT/JP2012/078740 JP2012078740W WO2013069642A1 WO 2013069642 A1 WO2013069642 A1 WO 2013069642A1 JP 2012078740 W JP2012078740 W JP 2012078740W WO 2013069642 A1 WO2013069642 A1 WO 2013069642A1
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- 0 CCC(*(C)C)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 Chemical compound CCC(*(C)C)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/0009—Materials therefor
- G02F1/0063—Optical properties, e.g. absorption, reflection or birefringence
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F12/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F12/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F12/32—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing two or more rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F212/08—Styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/32—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing two or more rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133638—Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a retardation film and a liquid crystal display device including the same.
- a liquid crystal display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) uses a retardation film with controlled optical anisotropy for the purpose of optical compensation. Conventionally, it has positive birefringence such as polycarbonate and cyclic polyolefin. A retardation film made of a material having been used has been used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a retardation film made of polystyrene.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a retardation film having a reverse wavelength dispersion characteristic, which includes a polystyrene resin having a syndiotactic structure and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide).
- the material having negative optical anisotropy is a refractive index in the stretching direction when the film of this material is uniaxially stretched, a refractive index in the stretched direction so that the degree of orientation is increased when biaxially stretched, That is, it refers to a material having a chemical structure that has a minimum refractive index in the orientation direction of the polymer main chain.
- the material having positive optical anisotropy refers to a material having the maximum refractive index in the orientation direction of the polymer main chain in terms of chemical structure.
- a retardation film obtained by stretching a resin having negative birefringence becomes a “negative retardation film” having a negative retardation Rth in the thickness direction.
- the phase difference Rth is Nx as the refractive index in the x axis direction
- Ny as the refractive index in the y axis direction perpendicular to the x axis in the film plane
- the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to each of the x-axis and the y-axis direction is Nz and the thickness of the film is d, it is given by the equation ⁇ (Nx + Ny) / 2 ⁇ Nz ⁇ ⁇ d.
- the chromatic dispersion value D is the ratio of the birefringence ⁇ n_450 at a wavelength of 450 nm to the birefringence ⁇ n_550 at a wavelength of 550 nm, and is given by the equation ⁇ n_450 / ⁇ n_550.
- the negative retardation film is expected to be used as a viewing angle compensation film in IPS, FFS mode, circularly polarized VA mode, etc.
- the retardation film described in Patent Document 2 has a problem of low heat resistance. There is.
- the optical film described in Patent Document 3 is a blend of polystyrene and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide), although it is not described in the document.
- the glass transition temperature is estimated to be about 115 ° C. and cannot be said to have sufficient heat resistance as a retardation film.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a negative retardation film excellent in heat resistance and optical characteristics. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device comprising the retardation film.
- One aspect of the present invention is a resin comprising a resin composition containing a copolymer having a first structural unit represented by the following formula (1) and a second structural unit represented by the following formula (2).
- a retardation film formed by stretching a film at least in a uniaxial direction, wherein the content ratio of the first structural unit in the copolymer is the sum of the first structural unit and the second structural unit. It relates to a retardation film that is 3 to 50 mol% as a standard.
- a and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 5
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a or b is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 1 or R 2 may be the same or different from each other.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- c is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 4 may be the same or different from each other.
- Such a retardation film can be suitably used as a negative retardation film having excellent heat resistance and optical properties.
- a copolymer having a first structural unit represented by the following formula (1) and a second structural unit represented by the following formula (2) and poly (2,6- A retardation film obtained by stretching a resin film comprising a resin composition containing dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) in at least a uniaxial direction, wherein the poly (2,6-dimethyl) in the resin composition is -1,4-phenylene oxide) is a retardation film having a content ratio of 5 to 30% by mass based on the total amount of the resin composition.
- a and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 5
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a or b is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 1 or R 2 may be the same or different from each other.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- c is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 4 may be the same or different from each other.
- Such a retardation film can be suitably used as a negative retardation film having excellent heat resistance and optical properties.
- the content ratio of the first structural unit in the copolymer is 3 to 50 mol% based on the total of the first structural unit and the second structural unit. It may be. Thereby, the optical characteristics of the retardation film are further improved.
- the glass transition temperature of the copolymer may be 105 to 170 ° C.
- Such a retardation film is further excellent in heat resistance.
- the retardation film may have an absolute value of a photoelastic coefficient of 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient can be made sufficiently small.
- a retardation film having an absolute value of a photoelastic coefficient of 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less can be applied with an external force. Since the change in birefringence due to is small, when it is used in a large liquid crystal display device or the like, the contrast and the uniformity of the screen are excellent.
- the glass transition temperature of the resin composition may be 120 ° C. or higher.
- Such a retardation film is further excellent in heat resistance.
- the retardation film can achieve sufficiently small wavelength dispersion characteristics, for example, the wavelength dispersion value D can be less than 1.06, and 0.70 ⁇ D ⁇ 1. .06 can also be used.
- a retardation film having a chromatic dispersion value D of 0.70 ⁇ D ⁇ 1.06 is used as a compensation film, contrast and color tone are compared with the case of using a retardation film of 1.06 ⁇ D. Excellent viewing angle characteristics.
- the wavelength dispersion value D can be controlled by, for example, the blend ratio of the copolymer and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide).
- stretching direction of the said retardation film is an x-axis direction
- the direction orthogonal to the said x-axis direction in the surface of the said retardation film is a y-axis direction, the said x-axis direction, and the said y-axis direction
- the refractive index Nx in the x-axis direction, the refractive index Ny in the y-axis direction, and the refractive index Nz in the z-axis direction satisfy the relationship Nz ⁇ Ny> Nx. It is preferable.
- the main stretching direction refers to a stretching direction in the case of uniaxial stretching, and a direction in which the degree of orientation is increased in the case of biaxial stretching.
- a retardation film is light in an oblique direction in black display of a liquid crystal panel (liquid crystal display device) caused by a retardation value of a polarizing plate or a component disposed between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell. Effective in reducing leakage.
- Another aspect of the present invention also relates to a liquid crystal display device including the retardation film.
- a retardation film having negative birefringence excellent in heat resistance and optical characteristics there is provided a retardation film having negative birefringence excellent in heat resistance and optical characteristics. Moreover, according to this invention, a liquid crystal display device provided with this retardation film is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a retardation film of the present invention.
- the retardation film 10 is a retardation film formed by stretching a resin film in a uniaxial direction, and the resin film is represented by a first structural unit represented by the following formula (1) and the following formula (2). It consists of the resin composition containing the copolymer which has a 2nd structural unit. The content ratio of the first structural unit in the copolymer is 3 to 50 mol% based on the sum of the first structural unit and the second structural unit.
- a and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 5
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a or b is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 1 or R 2 may be the same or different from each other.
- c represents an integer of 0 to 5
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Show. When c is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 4 may be the same or different from each other.
- Such a retardation film 10 is a negative retardation film excellent in heat resistance and optical characteristics.
- the copolymer, the resin film, and the retardation film 10 will be described in order.
- the copolymer has the first structural unit represented by the formula (1) and the second structural unit represented by the formula (2).
- the content ratio is 3 to 50 mol% based on the total of the first structural unit and the second structural unit.
- the retardation film 10 can achieve both excellent heat resistance and a small absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient by setting the content ratio of the first structural unit of the copolymer to 3 to 50 mol%. it can.
- R 1 and R 2 are organic residues having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the organic residue is preferably a group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, or a group consisting of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
- the organic residue is preferably an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group, more preferably an alkyl group.
- the organic residue in R 1 and R 2 may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the organic residue in R 1 and R 2 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, 2- Examples thereof include a pentyl group, n-hexyl group, 2-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, 2-heptyl group, 3-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-octyl group and 3-octyl group.
- a and b are preferably integers of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the organic residue is preferably a group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, or a group consisting of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
- Such an organic residue is preferably an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, or an alkoxyalkyl group.
- the organic residue in R 3 may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the organic residue in R 3 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, hydroxymethyl group, hydroxyethyl group, methoxymethyl Group, methoxyethyl group, ethoxymethyl group, ethoxyethyl group and the like.
- R 4 is an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the organic residue is preferably a group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, or a group consisting of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
- the organic residue is preferably an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group, more preferably an alkyl group.
- the organic residue in R 4 may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the organic residue in R 4 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, 2-pentyl group, Examples thereof include n-hexyl group, 2-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, 2-heptyl group, 3-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-octyl group and 3-octyl group.
- c is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 from the viewpoint of ease of polymerization.
- the content ratio of the first structural unit in the copolymer is preferably 5 to 35 mol%, based on the total of the first structural unit and the second structural unit, and preferably 10 to 30 mol%. Is more preferable.
- the glass transition temperature is 110 ° C. or more and the photoelastic constant is 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 / Pa. It can also have an elastic constant. The effect that the brittleness of the film is further improved when it is 35 mol% or less.
- the content ratio of the first structural unit is determined by measuring the 1 H-NMR of the copolymer, and the peak area of the peak derived from the first structural unit and the peak area of the peak derived from the second structural unit. And can be calculated from
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the copolymer is preferably 50,000 to 500,000, and more preferably 100,000 to 350,000.
- Mw is 500,000 or less, sufficient fluidity for extrusion stretching can be obtained, and melt extrusion and stretching film formation can be performed without any major trouble.
- Mw is 50,000 or more, a sufficient degree of orientation can be imparted to the stretching stability and the film.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw, number average molecular weight Mn, and molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of the copolymer are gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in which three columns (TSKgel SuperHM-M) are connected and equipped with an RI detector.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- HLC-8020 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and values measured as polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight Mw, number average molecular weight Mn, and molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn are shown.
- the glass transition temperature of the copolymer is preferably 105 to 170 ° C, more preferably 110 ° C or higher.
- a retardation film containing such a copolymer is more excellent in heat resistance.
- the copolymer may further have a structural unit other than the first structural unit and the second structural unit as long as a negative retardation film is obtained.
- the copolymer includes a (meth) methyl acrylate unit, a (meth) acryl ethyl unit, a (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl unit, a (meth) acrylic acid isobutyl unit, a (meth) acrylic acid t-butyl unit, (Meth) acrylic acid cyclohexyl unit, (meth) acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl unit, acrylonitrile unit, vinylnaphthalene unit, vinylanthracene unit, N-vinylpyrrolidone unit, acrylonitrile unit, N-vinylimidazole unit, N-vinylacetamide unit, Saturated aliphatics obtained by hydrogenation of N-vinylformaldehyde units, N-vinylcaprolactam units, N-vinylc
- the total amount of the first structural unit and the second structural unit with respect to the total amount of the copolymer is preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and more preferably 90 to 100% by mass. According to such a copolymer, the effect of the present invention is more remarkably exhibited.
- the copolymer can be obtained, for example, by a copolymerization reaction between a first monomer represented by the following formula (3) and a second monomer represented by the following formula (4).
- a, b, c, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined above.
- the copolymerization reaction can be performed, for example, by adding an anionic polymerization initiator to a reaction solution containing the first monomer and the second monomer.
- an organic alkali metal compound is used as the anionic polymerization initiator.
- the organic alkali metal include alkyl lithium, aryl lithium, alkyl sodium, and aryl sodium.
- Specific examples of the anionic polymerization initiator include organic lithium compounds such as n-butyl lithium, s-butyl lithium and t-butyl lithium, and organic sodium compounds such as sodium naphthalene.
- preferred anionic polymerization initiators are organic lithium compounds such as n-butyllithium and s-butyllithium.
- the number average molecular weight Mn and the weight average molecular weight Mw of the copolymer can be adjusted by appropriately changing the addition amount of the anionic polymerization initiator.
- the addition amount of the anionic polymerization initiator is preferably 0.02 to 0.5 mol%, and preferably 0.04 to 0.1 mol%, based on the total amount of the first monomer and the second monomer. It is more preferable. By setting it as such addition amount, the copolymer which has the number average molecular weight Mn and the weight average molecular weight Mw of the suitable range becomes easy to be obtained.
- the reaction temperature for the copolymerization reaction is preferably 0 to 130 ° C, more preferably 50 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is lowered, the value of the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of the copolymer tends to decrease, and when the reaction temperature is increased, the value of the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of the copolymer tends to increase.
- the reaction time for the copolymerization reaction is preferably 0.5 to 12 hours, more preferably 1 to 6 hours.
- the copolymerization reaction is preferably performed in a solvent, and the polymerization solvent is preferably a solvent that does not react with the organic alkali metal compound.
- the solvent cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, t-butylbenzene or the like is preferably used.
- a resin film is a film which consists of a resin composition containing the said copolymer.
- the method for producing the resin film is not particularly limited. For example, a known method such as a casting method, a melt extrusion method, a calendar method, or a compression molding method may be used.
- a drum type casting machine As a molding apparatus used in the casting method, a drum type casting machine, a band type casting machine, a spin coater method, or the like can be used.
- the melt extrusion method include a T-die method and an inflation method.
- a resin film can be produced using a film-forming solution containing the copolymer.
- the solvent for the film formation solution include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and cumene; halogenated alkanes such as methylene chloride, dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, chloroform, and tetrachloroethylene; cyclohexane, deca And cyclic aliphatic solvents such as hydronaphthalene; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane; methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone.
- the resin composition constituting the resin film may contain components other than the copolymer.
- the resin composition may contain the solvent.
- the content of the solvent is preferably 5000 ppm or less, and more preferably 1000 ppm or less, from the viewpoint of heat resistance and expression of retardation in the stretching operation.
- the resin composition constituting the resin film is within the range not exceeding the gist of the present invention, a polymer other than the copolymer, a surfactant, a polymer electrolyte, a conductive complex, silica, alumina, a dye material, It may contain a heat stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an antistatic agent, an antiblocking agent, a lubricant, a plasticizer, an oil and the like.
- the content of the copolymer in the resin composition constituting the resin film is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 90 to 100% by mass based on the total amount of the resin composition.
- the content of the copolymer is within the above range, the effect of the present invention is more remarkably exhibited.
- the retardation film 10 is a film obtained by stretching a resin film.
- the stretching method of the film is generally classified into a flat method stretching that stretches in the film in-plane direction and a tubular method stretching that swells and stretches in a tube shape, but the flat method stretching with a high accuracy of thickness and stretch ratio is particularly preferable. preferable.
- the flat method stretching is classified into a uniaxial stretching method and a biaxial stretching method.
- the uniaxial stretching method there are a free width uniaxial stretching method and a constant width uniaxial stretching method.
- the biaxial stretching method includes a two-stage free width biaxial stretching method, a sequential biaxial stretching method, and a simultaneous biaxial stretching method
- the sequential biaxial stretching includes an all tenter method and a roll tenter method. Any of the above stretching methods may be used as the stretching method for producing the retardation film from the transparent resin composition of the present invention, and the most suitable method depending on the required three-dimensional refractive index and retardation amount. Just choose.
- the temperature during stretching is preferably Tg + 5 ° C. to Tg + 40 ° C., more preferably Tg + 5 ° C. to Tg + 25 ° C., where Tg is the glass transition temperature of the copolymer.
- the thickness of the retardation film 10 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the retardation film is 10 ⁇ m or more, mechanical properties and handling properties during secondary processing tend to be further improved, and when the thickness is 500 ⁇ m or less, flexibility tends to be further improved.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient of the retardation film 10 is sufficiently small.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient of the retardation film 10 is preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less, and more preferably 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less.
- Such a retardation film 10 has a sufficiently small change in birefringence due to an external force, and can be more suitably used for applications such as a liquid crystal display device.
- the main stretching direction of the retardation film 10 is in the x-axis direction
- the direction orthogonal to the x-axis direction in the plane of the retardation film 10 is orthogonal to the y-axis direction, the x-axis direction, and the y-axis direction.
- the direction (direction orthogonal to the main surface of the retardation film 10) is the z-axis direction
- the refractive index Nx in the x-axis direction, the refractive index Ny in the y-axis direction, and the refractive index Nz in the z-axis direction are Nz ⁇ Ny It is preferable to satisfy the relationship> Nx.
- the main stretching direction refers to a stretching direction when uniaxially stretched, and a stretched direction so that the degree of orientation increases when biaxially stretched.
- a retardation film is light in an oblique direction in black display of a liquid crystal panel (liquid crystal display device) caused by a retardation value of a polarizing plate or a component disposed between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell. Effective in reducing leakage.
- the retardation film 10 satisfying the above relationship can be easily obtained by stretching a resin film formed of a resin composition containing the copolymer.
- the retardation film 10 may have a thin film formed on at least one surface for the purpose of imparting functions such as gas barrier properties, scratch resistance, chemical resistance, and antiglare properties.
- a resin solution for forming a thin film is obtained by using a gravure roll coating method, a Meyer bar coating method, a reverse roll coating method, a dip coating method, an air knife coating method, a calendar coating method, a skiing method.
- the method include coating on one surface of the retardation film 10 by methods such as a coating method, a kiss coating method, a phantom coating method, a spray coating method, and a spin coating method.
- the resin solution for forming a thin film includes a thermoplastic resin; a thermosetting resin having an amino group, an imino group, an epoxy group, a silyl group, etc .; a mixture of these resins; It is done.
- a polymerization inhibitor, waxes, a dispersant, a dye material, a solvent, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an inorganic filler, and the like may be added to the resin solution.
- the thin film may be formed into a cured thin film layer by performing curing by irradiation or heat curing by heating as necessary after the coating.
- a gravure method an offset method, a flexo method, a silk screen method, or the like can be used.
- a metal oxide layer mainly composed of aluminum, silicon, magnesium, zinc, or the like may be formed on at least one surface of the retardation film 10 for the purpose of imparting gas sealability and the like.
- a metal oxide layer can be formed by a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a plasma CVD method, or the like.
- the retardation film 10 can be used by being laminated with other films.
- a lamination method a conventionally known method can be appropriately employed.
- a heat sealing method such as a heat sealing method, an impulse sealing method, an ultrasonic bonding method, a high frequency bonding method, an extrusion laminating method, a hot melt laminating method, a dry method.
- the laminating method include a laminating method, a wet laminating method, a solventless adhesive laminating method, a thermal laminating method, and a coextrusion method.
- polyester resin film for example, polyester resin film, polyvinyl alcohol resin film, cellulose resin film, polyvinyl fluoride resin film, polyvinylidene chloride resin film, polyacrylonitrile resin film, nylon resin film, polyethylene Resin film, polypropylene resin film, acetate resin film, polyimide resin film, polycarbonate resin film, polyacrylate resin film, and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the retardation film of the present invention.
- the retardation film 20 is a retardation film obtained by stretching a resin film in at least a uniaxial direction.
- the resin film is represented by a first structural unit represented by the following formula (1) and the following formula (2).
- the content ratio of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) in the resin composition is 5 to 30% by mass based on the total amount of the resin composition.
- a and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 5
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a or b is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 1 or R 2 may be the same or different from each other.
- c represents an integer of 0 to 5
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Show. When c is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R 4 may be the same or different from each other.
- Such a retardation film 20 is a negative retardation film excellent in heat resistance and optical characteristics.
- the copolymer, the resin film, and the retardation film 20 will be described in order.
- the copolymer has a first structural unit represented by the formula (1) and a second structural unit represented by the formula (2).
- R 1 and R 2 are organic residues having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the organic residue is preferably a group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, or a group consisting of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
- the organic residue is preferably an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group, more preferably an alkyl group.
- the organic residue in R 1 and R 2 may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the organic residue in R 1 and R 2 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, 2- Examples thereof include a pentyl group, n-hexyl group, 2-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, 2-heptyl group, 3-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-octyl group and 3-octyl group.
- a and b are preferably integers of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the organic residue is preferably a group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, or a group consisting of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
- Such an organic residue is preferably an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, or an alkoxyalkyl group.
- the organic residue in R 3 may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the organic residue in R 3 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, hydroxymethyl group, hydroxyethyl group, methoxymethyl Group, methoxyethyl group, ethoxymethyl group, ethoxyethyl group and the like.
- R 4 is an organic residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the organic residue is preferably a group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, or a group consisting of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
- the organic residue is preferably an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group, more preferably an alkyl group.
- the organic residue in R 4 may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the organic residue in R 4 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, 2-pentyl group, Examples thereof include n-hexyl group, 2-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, 2-heptyl group, 3-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-octyl group and 3-octyl group.
- c is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 from the viewpoint of ease of polymerization.
- the content ratio of the first structural unit in the copolymer is preferably 3 to 50 mol%, preferably 5 to 35 mol%, based on the total of the first structural unit and the second structural unit. Is more preferably 10 to 30 mol%.
- the glass transition temperature tends to be a suitable value of 110 ° C. or more, and the heat resistance of the retardation film tends to be further improved. The effect that the brittleness of the film is further improved when it is 50 mol% or less.
- the content ratio of the first structural unit is determined by measuring the 1 H-NMR of the copolymer, and the peak area of the peak derived from the first structural unit and the peak area of the peak derived from the second structural unit. And can be calculated from
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the copolymer is preferably 50,000 to 500,000, and more preferably 100,000 to 350,000.
- Mw is 500,000 or less, sufficient fluidity for extrusion stretching can be obtained, and melt extrusion and stretching film formation can be performed without any major trouble.
- Mw is 50,000 or more, a sufficient degree of orientation can be imparted to the stretching stability and the film.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw, number average molecular weight Mn, and molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of the copolymer are gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in which three columns (TSKgel SuperHM-M) are connected and equipped with an RI detector.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- HLC-8020 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and values measured as polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight Mw, number average molecular weight Mn, and molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn are shown.
- the glass transition temperature of the copolymer is preferably 105 to 170 ° C, more preferably 110 ° C or higher.
- the copolymer may further have a structural unit other than the first structural unit and the second structural unit as long as a negative retardation film is obtained.
- the copolymer includes a (meth) methyl acrylate unit, a (meth) acryl ethyl unit, a (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl unit, a (meth) acrylic acid isobutyl unit, a (meth) acrylic acid t-butyl unit, (Meth) acrylic acid cyclohexyl unit, (meth) acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl unit, acrylonitrile unit, vinylnaphthalene unit, vinylanthracene unit, N-vinylpyrrolidone unit, acrylonitrile unit, N-vinylimidazole unit, N-vinylacetamide unit, Saturated aliphatics obtained by hydrogenation of N-vinylformaldehyde units, N-vinylcaprolactam units, N-vinylc
- the total amount of the first structural unit and the second structural unit with respect to the total amount of the copolymer is preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and more preferably 90 to 100% by mass. According to such a copolymer, the effect of the present invention is more remarkably exhibited.
- the copolymer can be obtained, for example, by a copolymerization reaction between a first monomer represented by the following formula (3) and a second monomer represented by the following formula (4).
- a, b, c, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined above.
- the copolymerization reaction can be performed, for example, by adding an anionic polymerization initiator to a reaction solution containing the first monomer and the second monomer.
- an organic alkali metal compound is used as the anionic polymerization initiator.
- the organic alkali metal include alkyl lithium, aryl lithium, alkyl sodium, and aryl sodium.
- Specific examples of the anionic polymerization initiator include organic lithium compounds such as n-butyl lithium, s-butyl lithium and t-butyl lithium, and organic sodium compounds such as sodium naphthalene.
- preferred anionic polymerization initiators are organic lithium compounds such as n-butyllithium and s-butyllithium.
- the number average molecular weight Mn and the weight average molecular weight Mw of the copolymer can be adjusted by appropriately changing the addition amount of the anionic polymerization initiator.
- the addition amount of the anionic polymerization initiator is preferably 0.02 to 0.5 mol%, and preferably 0.04 to 0.1 mol%, based on the total amount of the first monomer and the second monomer. It is more preferable. By setting it as such addition amount, the copolymer which has the number average molecular weight Mn and the weight average molecular weight Mw of the suitable range becomes easy to be obtained.
- the reaction temperature for the copolymerization reaction is preferably 0 to 130 ° C, more preferably 50 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is lowered, the value of the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of the copolymer tends to decrease, and when the reaction temperature is increased, the value of the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of the copolymer tends to increase.
- the reaction time for the copolymerization reaction is preferably 0.5 to 12 hours, more preferably 1 to 6 hours.
- the copolymerization reaction is preferably performed in a solvent, and the polymerization solvent is preferably a solvent that does not react with the organic alkali metal compound.
- the solvent cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, t-butylbenzene or the like is preferably used.
- the resin film is a film made of a resin composition containing the copolymer and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide).
- the method for producing the resin film is not particularly limited. For example, a known method such as a casting method, a melt extrusion method, a calendar method, or a compression molding method may be used.
- a drum type casting machine As a molding apparatus used in the casting method, a drum type casting machine, a band type casting machine, a spin coater method, or the like can be used.
- the melt extrusion method include a T-die method and an inflation method.
- a resin film can be produced using a film-forming solution containing the copolymer.
- the solvent for the film formation solution include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and cumene; halogenated alkanes such as methylene chloride, dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, chloroform, and tetrachloroethylene; tetrahydrofuran, 1 Cyclic ethers such as 1,4-dioxane; methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone.
- the resin composition constituting the resin film contains the above copolymer and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide).
- the content ratio of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) in the resin composition is 5 to 30% by mass based on the total amount of the resin composition.
- the copolymer and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) are blended, and the content ratio of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) is further increased.
- the glass transition temperature Tg of the resin composition is preferably 120 ° C. or higher and more preferably 130 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
- Tg is 120 ° C. or higher, fluctuations in phase difference values, dimensional changes, and the like when exposed to a high temperature environment or the like are sufficiently suppressed.
- the resin composition constituting the resin film may contain components other than the copolymer and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide).
- the resin composition may contain the solvent.
- the content of the solvent is preferably 5000 ppm or less, and more preferably 1000 ppm or less, from the viewpoint of heat resistance and expression of retardation in the stretching operation.
- the resin composition constituting the resin film is a polymer other than the above, a surfactant, a polymer electrolyte, a conductive complex, silica, alumina, a dye material, and a heat stabilizer within the range not exceeding the gist of the present invention.
- UV absorbers, antistatic agents, antiblocking agents, lubricants, plasticizers, oils and the like may be contained.
- the total amount of the copolymer and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) is 50 to 100% by mass based on the total amount of the resin composition. It is preferably 90 to 100% by mass.
- the effect of this invention is show
- the retardation film 20 is a film obtained by stretching a resin film.
- the stretching method of the film is generally classified into a flat method stretching that stretches in the film in-plane direction and a tubular method stretching that swells and stretches in a tube shape, but the flat method stretching with a high accuracy of thickness and stretch ratio is particularly preferable.
- the flat method stretching is classified into a uniaxial stretching method and a biaxial stretching method.
- the uniaxial stretching method there are a free width uniaxial stretching method and a constant width uniaxial stretching method.
- the biaxial stretching method includes a two-stage free width biaxial stretching method, a sequential biaxial stretching method, and a simultaneous biaxial stretching method
- the sequential biaxial stretching includes an all tenter method and a roll tenter method. Any of the above stretching methods may be used as the stretching method for producing the retardation film from the transparent resin composition of the present invention, and the most suitable method depending on the required three-dimensional refractive index and retardation amount. Just choose.
- the temperature during stretching is preferably Tg + 5 ° C. to Tg + 40 ° C., more preferably Tg + 5 ° C. to Tg + 25 ° C., where Tg is the glass transition temperature of the copolymer.
- the thickness of the retardation film 20 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the retardation film is 10 ⁇ m or more, mechanical properties and handling properties during secondary processing tend to be further improved, and when the thickness is 500 ⁇ m or less, flexibility tends to be further improved.
- the wavelength dispersion value D of the retardation film 20 is preferably less than 1.06.
- the viewing angle characteristics of contrast and color are excellent as compared with the case where a retardation film having a wavelength dispersion value D of 1.06 or more is used.
- the wavelength dispersion value D of the retardation film 20 may be less than 1.00.
- a film having a wavelength dispersion value D of less than 1.00 is referred to as an inverse wavelength dispersion film, and when used as a compensation film, the viewing angle characteristics of contrast and color can be further improved.
- the retardation film 20 has a main stretching direction of the retardation film 20 in the x-axis direction, and a direction orthogonal to the x-axis direction in the plane of the retardation film 20 is orthogonal to the y-axis direction, the x-axis direction, and the y-axis direction.
- the direction (direction orthogonal to the main surface of the retardation film 20) is the z-axis direction
- the refractive index Nx in the x-axis direction, the refractive index Ny in the y-axis direction, and the refractive index Nz in the z-axis direction are Nz ⁇ Ny It is preferable to satisfy the relationship> Nx.
- the main stretching direction refers to a stretching direction when uniaxially stretched, and a stretched direction so that the degree of orientation increases when biaxially stretched.
- a retardation film is light in an oblique direction in black display of a liquid crystal panel (liquid crystal display device) caused by a retardation value of a polarizing plate or a component disposed between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell. Effective in reducing leakage.
- the retardation film 20 satisfying the above relationship can be easily obtained by stretching a resin film formed of the resin composition containing the copolymer.
- the retardation film 20 may have a thin film formed on at least one surface for the purpose of imparting functions such as gas barrier properties, scratch resistance, chemical resistance, and antiglare properties.
- a resin solution for forming a thin film is obtained by using a gravure roll coating method, a Meyer bar coating method, a reverse roll coating method, a dip coating method, an air knife coating method, a calendar coating method, a skiing method.
- the method include coating on one surface of the retardation film 20 by methods such as a coating method, a kiss coating method, a phantom coating method, a spray coating method, and a spin coating method.
- the resin solution for forming a thin film includes a thermoplastic resin; a thermosetting resin having an amino group, an imino group, an epoxy group, a silyl group, etc .; a mixture of these resins; It is done.
- a polymerization inhibitor, waxes, a dispersant, a dye material, a solvent, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an inorganic filler, and the like may be added to the resin solution.
- the thin film may be formed into a cured thin film layer by performing curing by irradiation or heat curing by heating as necessary after the coating.
- a gravure method an offset method, a flexo method, a silk screen method, or the like can be used.
- the retardation film 20 may be provided with a metal oxide layer mainly composed of aluminum, silicon, magnesium, zinc or the like on at least one surface for the purpose of imparting gas sealability or the like.
- a metal oxide layer can be formed by a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a plasma CVD method, or the like.
- the retardation film 20 can be used by being laminated with other films.
- a lamination method a conventionally known method can be appropriately employed.
- a heat sealing method such as a heat sealing method, an impulse sealing method, an ultrasonic bonding method, a high frequency bonding method, an extrusion laminating method, a hot melt laminating method, a dry method.
- the laminating method include a laminating method, a wet laminating method, a solventless adhesive laminating method, a thermal laminating method, and a coextrusion method.
- polyester resin film for example, polyester resin film, polyvinyl alcohol resin film, cellulose resin film, polyvinyl fluoride resin film, polyvinylidene chloride resin film, polyacrylonitrile resin film, nylon resin film, polyethylene Resin film, polypropylene resin film, acetate resin film, polyimide resin film, polycarbonate resin film, polyacrylate resin film, and the like.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a retardation film 10.
- the retardation film 10 can be suitably used as a retardation film in a liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the retardation film 10 is formed of a 1 / 4 ⁇ plate in a reflective liquid crystal display device, a 1 / 4 ⁇ plate in a transmissive liquid crystal display device, a 1 / 2 ⁇ plate or a 1 / 4 ⁇ plate in a liquid crystal projector device, and a liquid crystal display. It can use suitably for uses, such as a protective film of a polarizing film in a device, or an antireflection film.
- the liquid crystal display device preferably includes the retardation film 10 as a 1 ⁇ 4 ⁇ plate, a 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ plate, a protective film, or an antireflection film.
- the configuration other than the retardation film 10 of the liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited, and may be the same as a conventionally known liquid crystal display film.
- the retardation film 10 is formed in a liquid crystal display device such as a touch panel after a ceramic thin film such as indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide is formed on at least one surface by a plasma process using DC or glow discharge. It can also be used as a transparent electrode film.
- the liquid crystal display device is characterized by including a retardation film 20.
- the retardation film 20 can be suitably used as a retardation film in a liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the retardation film 20 can be suitably used for viewing angle compensation film applications such as IPS, FFS mode, and circularly polarized VA mode.
- the liquid crystal display device preferably includes the retardation film 20 as a viewing angle compensation film.
- the configuration other than the retardation film 20 of the liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited, and may be the same as a conventionally known liquid crystal display film.
- the retardation film 20 is formed on a ceramic thin film such as indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide on at least one surface by a plasma process using DC or glow discharge, and then in a liquid crystal display device such as a touch panel. It can also be used as a transparent electrode film.
- the content ratio, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the first structural unit and the second structural unit were measured by the following method. The measurement results were as shown in Table 1.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Synthesis Example 1-2 Synthesis of Copolymer 1-2
- Styrene was used in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1-1 except that the amount of styrene used was 5.33 g (51.3 mmol) and the amount of 1,1-diphenylethylene was 2.29 g (12.7 mmol). / 1,1-diphenylethylene copolymer was obtained (hereinafter referred to as “Copolymer 1-2”).
- the content ratio, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the first structural unit and the second structural unit were measured by the above method.
- the measurement results were as shown in Table 1.
- Synthesis Example 1-3 Synthesis of Copolymer 1-3
- Styrene was used in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1-1 except that 4.61 g (44.3 mmol) of styrene was used and 3.45 g (19.2 mmol) of 1,1-diphenylethylene was used. / 1,1-diphenylethylene copolymer was obtained (hereinafter referred to as “Copolymer 1-3”).
- the content ratio, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the first structural unit and the second structural unit were measured by the above method.
- the measurement results were as shown in Table 1.
- Example 1-1 A chlorobenzene solution containing 10% by mass of the copolymer 1-1 obtained in Synthesis Example 1-1 was prepared, supplied onto a glass plate by a casting method, and air-dried for 72 hours. The obtained film was peeled from the glass plate, and then dried under reduced pressure at 120 ° C. until the chlorobenzene concentration became 500 massppm or less to obtain an unstretched film 1-1. The obtained unstretched film 1-1 had high transparency and the film thickness was 36 ⁇ m.
- the obtained unstretched film 1-1 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (134 ° C.) of the copolymer 1-1 was determined using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 25 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 1-1 having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 1-2 An unstretched film 1-2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that the copolymer 1-2 was used instead of the copolymer 1-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 1-2 had high transparency and a film thickness of 42 ⁇ m.
- the obtained unstretched film 1-2 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (148 ° C.) of the copolymer 1-2 was determined using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 30 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 1-2 having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 1-3 An unstretched film 1-3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that the copolymer 1-3 was used instead of the copolymer 1-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 1-3 had high transparency, and the film thickness was 53 ⁇ m.
- the obtained unstretched film 1-3 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (167 ° C.) of the copolymer 1-3 was determined using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 37 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 1-3 having a thickness of 37 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 1-4 By a method similar to Example 1-2, a highly transparent unstretched film 1-4 having a thickness of 42 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the obtained unstretched film 1-4 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (148 ° C.) of the copolymer 1-2 was determined using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was simultaneously biaxially stretched at a pulling rate of 1.4 times to obtain a retardation film 1-4 having a thickness of 29 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 1-5 By a method similar to that of Example 1-2, a highly transparent unstretched film 1-5 having a film thickness of 51 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the obtained unstretched film 1-5 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (148 ° C.) of the copolymer 1-2 was determined using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was simultaneously biaxially stretched at a magnification of 1.7 times with a tensile speed of 24 to obtain a retardation film 1-5 having a thickness of 24 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A, Imoto Seisakusho
- the obtained unstretched film 1-6 was cut into a size of 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and 120 mm under a temperature condition of polystyrene Tg + 12 ° C. (112 ° C.) using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). / Min.
- the film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 25 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 1-6 having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- the retardation, refractive index, and photoelastic coefficient of the retardation films obtained in Examples 1-1 to 1-5 and Comparative Example 1-1 were measured by the following methods, respectively. The measurement results were as shown in Table 2.
- Re
- ⁇ d Rth
- the retardation films obtained in the examples have a small absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient and a high glass transition temperature of the copolymer, so that both excellent heat resistance and optical performance can be achieved. confirmed.
- the film of Comparative Example 1-1 had a large absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient and was not suitable for a retardation film.
- FIG. 3 shows the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymers (copolymers 1-1 to 1-3 and polystyrene) contained in the retardation films of Examples 1-1 to 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-1. It is a figure which shows the relationship with the content rate of one structural unit.
- FIG. 4 shows the contents of the first structural unit in the polymers (copolymers 1-1 to 1-3 and polystyrene) included in the retardation films of Examples 1-1 to 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-1. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a ratio and a photoelastic coefficient.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient can be sufficiently reduced while obtaining a high glass transition temperature.
- the content ratio, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the first structural unit and the second structural unit were measured by the following method.
- the measurement results were as shown in Table 3.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Example 2-1 Copolymer 2-1 obtained in Synthesis Example 2-1 and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) [manufactured by Aldrich, catalog No. 25134-01-4, weight average molecular weight 244000, glass
- the obtained film was peeled off from the glass plate and then dried under reduced pressure at 140 ° C. until the chloroform concentration became 500 massppm or less to obtain an unstretched film 2-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-1 had high transparency and a film thickness of 83 ⁇ m.
- the resin composition 2-1 constituting the unstretched film 1 had a Tg of 136 ° C.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-1 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of the resin composition 2-1 was Tg + 12 ° C. (148 ° C.) using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 times at a tension speed of 59 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 2-1 having a thickness of 59 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 2-2 The resin mixture 2-1 was changed to a resin mixture 2-2 in which the copolymer 2-1 and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) were blended at a mass ratio of 80:20.
- An unstretched film 2-2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-2 had high transparency and a film thickness of 74 ⁇ m.
- the resin composition 2-2 constituting the unstretched film 2-2 had a Tg of 143 ° C.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-2 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of the resin composition 2-2 was Tg + 12 ° C. (155 ° C.) using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 times at a tension speed of 52 mm to obtain a retardation film 2-2 having a thickness of 52 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 2-3 The resin mixture 2-1 was changed to a resin mixture 2-3 in which the copolymer 2-1 and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) were blended at a mass ratio of 78:22.
- An unstretched film 2-3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-3 had high transparency and a film thickness of 79 ⁇ m.
- the resin composition 2-3 constituting the unstretched film 2-3 had a Tg of 145 ° C.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-3 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of the resin composition 2-3 was Tg + 12 ° C. (157 ° C.) using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 56 to obtain a retardation film 2-3 having a thickness of 56 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 2-4 The resin mixture 2-1 was changed to a resin mixture 2-4 obtained by blending the copolymer 2-1 and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) at a mass ratio of 75:25.
- An unstretched film 2-4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-4 had high transparency and a film thickness of 85 ⁇ m.
- the resin composition 2-4 constituting the unstretched film 2-4 had a Tg of 147 ° C.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-4 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (159 ° C.) of the resin composition 2-4 using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 60 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 2-4 having a thickness of 60 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 2-5 The resin mixture 2-1 was changed to a resin mixture 2-5 in which the copolymer 2-1 and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) were blended at a mass ratio of 72:28.
- An unstretched film 2-5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-5 had high transparency and a film thickness of 83 ⁇ m.
- the resin composition 2-5 constituting the unstretched film 2-5 had a Tg of 149 ° C.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-5 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (161 ° C.) of the resin composition 2-5 was obtained using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 5 to obtain a retardation film 2-5 having a thickness of 59 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Example 2-6 By the same method as in Example 2-4, a highly transparent unstretched film 2-6 having a film thickness of 77 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-6 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho), the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (159 ° C.) of the resin composition 2-4 Under the conditions, 120 mm / min.
- the film was simultaneously biaxially stretched at a magnification of 1.4 and a retardation film 2-6 having a thickness of 55 ⁇ m.
- Example 2--7 By a method similar to that of Example 2-4, a highly transparent unstretched film 2-7 having a thickness of 76 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-7 was cut into a size of 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and a temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (159 ° C.) of the resin composition 2-4 using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was simultaneously biaxially stretched at a rate of 1.8 times and a retardation film 2-7 having a thickness of 33 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- the obtained unstretched film 2-8 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (145 ° C.) of the resin composition 2-8 using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho) Under the conditions, 120 mm / min.
- the film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 30 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 2-8 having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- Example 2-2 The resin mixture 2-1 was changed to a resin mixture 2-9 in which the copolymer 2-1 and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) were blended at a mass ratio of 60:40.
- An unstretched film 2-9 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-9 had high transparency and a film thickness of 82 ⁇ m.
- the resin composition 2-9 constituting the unstretched film 2-9 had a Tg of 158 ° C.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-9 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (170 ° C.) of the resin composition 2-9 using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho) Under the conditions, 120 mm / min.
- the film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 5 to obtain a retardation film 2-9 having a thickness of 58 ⁇ m.
- the obtained unstretched film 2-10 was cut into 7 ⁇ 7 cm, and the temperature of Tg + 12 ° C. (127 ° C.) of the resin composition 2-10 using a biaxial stretching apparatus (IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho). Under the conditions, 120 mm / min. The film was uniaxially stretched at a magnification of 2.0 with a tensile speed of 56 ⁇ m to obtain a retardation film 2-10 having a thickness of 56 ⁇ m.
- a biaxial stretching apparatus IMC-190A type, Imoto Seisakusho
- Re
- ⁇ d Rth
- the stretched films obtained in the examples show negative birefringence with the smallest refractive index in the main stretching direction, and the chromatic dispersion value D also satisfies 0.70 ⁇ D ⁇ 1.06. From this, it was confirmed that the film functions well as a retardation film.
- the retardation films obtained in Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2 had a wavelength dispersion value D of 1.06 or more. Further, the film obtained in Comparative Example 2-3 had a low Tg of 115 ° C. and could not obtain heat resistance suitable for a retardation film.
- a negative retardation film excellent in heat resistance and optical characteristics and a liquid crystal display device including the same are provided.
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Abstract
Description
上述したとおり、共重合体は、式(1)で表される第一の構造単位及び式(2)で表される第二の構造単位を有し、共重合体における第一の構造単位の含有比率は、第一の構造単位及び第二の構造単位の合計を基準として、3~50モル%である。位相差フィルム10は、共重合体の第一の構造単位の含有比率を3~50モル%とすることで、優れた耐熱性と、光弾性係数の絶対値の小ささとを両立することができる。
樹脂フィルムは、上記共重合体を含有する樹脂組成物からなるフィルムである。樹脂フィルムの製造方法は特に限定されず、例えば、キャスティング法、溶融押出法、カレンダー法、圧縮成形法等の公知の方法を用いればよい。
位相差フィルム10は、樹脂フィルムを延伸して得られるフィルムである。フィルムの延伸方法は、一般的にフィルム面内方向に延伸するフラット法延伸とチューブ状に膨らませて延伸するチューブラ法延伸に大分類されるが、厚み及び延伸倍率の精度の高いフラット法延伸が特に好ましい。またフラット法延伸は、一軸延伸法と二軸延伸法に分類され、一軸延伸法としては、自由幅一軸延伸法と一定幅一軸延伸法がある。一方、二軸延伸法としては、二段階自由幅二軸延伸法、逐次二軸延伸法、同時二軸延伸法があり、さらに逐次二軸延伸には全テンター方式とロールテンター方式がある。本発明の透明性樹脂組成物から位相差フィルムを製造するための延伸方法は、上記延伸方法のいずれを用いても良く、要求される3次元屈折率および位相差量により適宜最も適した方法を選択すればよい。
上述したとおり、共重合体は、式(1)で表される第一の構造単位及び式(2)で表される第二の構造単位を有する。
樹脂フィルムは、上記共重合体とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)とを含有する樹脂組成物からなるフィルムである。樹脂フィルムの製造方法は特に限定されず、例えば、キャスティング法、溶融押出法、カレンダー法、圧縮成形法等の公知の方法を用いればよい。
位相差フィルム20は、樹脂フィルムを延伸して得られるフィルムである。フィルムの延伸方法は、一般的にフィルム面内方向に延伸するフラット法延伸とチューブ状に膨らませて延伸するチューブラ法延伸に大分類されるが、厚み及び延伸倍率の精度の高いフラット法延伸が特に好ましい。またフラット法延伸は、一軸延伸法と二軸延伸法に分類され、一軸延伸法としては、自由幅一軸延伸法と一定幅一軸延伸法がある。一方、二軸延伸法としては、二段階自由幅二軸延伸法、逐次二軸延伸法、同時二軸延伸法があり、さらに逐次二軸延伸には全テンター方式とロールテンター方式がある。本発明の透明性樹脂組成物から位相差フィルムを製造するための延伸方法は、上記延伸方法のいずれを用いても良く、要求される3次元屈折率および位相差量により適宜最も適した方法を選択すればよい。
100mL容積のガラス製反応器に、窒素雰囲気下にてスチレン6.33g(60.9mmol)と1,1-ジフェニルエチレン1.26g(7.00mmol)とを計り取り、シクロヘキサン20mLで希釈した。この溶液を氷浴にて冷却した後、0.10Mのs-ブチルリチウム/シクロヘキサン溶液を少量ずつ、系が淡黄色を呈するまで滴下し残存水分を取り除いた。
超伝導核磁気共鳴吸収装置(NMR、Varian社製 INOVA600)を用い、で得られた共重合体の1H-NMRを測定し、芳香族プロトン、メチル、メチレン、メチンのピーク面積比から、第一の構造単位及び第二の構造単位の含有比率を算出した。
カラム(TSKgel SuperHM-M)を3本接続し、RI検出器を備えたゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC、東ソー株式会社製 HLC-8020)を用いて測定した。溶媒としてテトラヒドロフランを用い、得られた共重合体のポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量(Mn)、重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を求めた。
示差走査熱量計(DSC、エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製 DSC7020)を用いて測定した。具体的には、窒素下、20℃/minで室温(25℃)から230℃まで昇温し、その後20℃/minで室温まで戻し、再び10℃/minで230℃まで昇温した。2度目の昇温過程で測定されるガラス転移温度をTgとした。なお、測定には、得られた共重合体を再沈殿精製して得られたパウダーを用いた。
スチレンの使用量を5.33g(51.3mmol)とし、1,1-ジフェニルエチレンの使用量を2.29g(12.7mmol)としたこと以外は、合成例1-1と同様にして、スチレン/1,1-ジフェニルエチレン共重合体を得た(以下、「共重合体1-2」と称する。)。
スチレンの使用量を4.61g(44.3mmol)とし、1,1-ジフェニルエチレンの使用量を3.45g(19.2mmol)としたこと以外は、合成例1-1と同様にして、スチレン/1,1-ジフェニルエチレン共重合体を得た(以下、「共重合体1-3」と称する。)。
合成例1-1で得られた共重合体1-1を10質量%含むクロロベンゼン溶液を調製し、ガラス板上にキャスト法によってフィルム状に供給し、72時間自然乾燥させた。得られたフィルムをガラス板から剥離した後、減圧下、120℃でクロロベンゼン濃度が500massppm以下になるまで乾燥し、未延伸フィルム1-1を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム1-1の透明性は高く、膜厚は36μmであった。
共重合体1-1にかえて共重合体1-2を用いたこと以外は実施例1-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム1-2を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム1-2の透明性は高く、膜厚は42μmであった。
共重合体1-1にかえて共重合体1-3を用いたこと以外は実施例1-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム1-3を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム1-3の透明性は高く、膜厚は53μmであった。
実施例1-2と同様の方法により、透明性の高い膜厚42μmの未延伸フィルム1-4を得た。
実施例1-2と同様の方法により、透明性の高い膜厚51μmの未延伸フィルム1-5を得た。
共重合体1-1にかえて、市販のポリスチレン(和光純薬、ガラス転移温度:100℃、重量平均分子量Mw:165×103、分子量分布Mw/Mn:2.0)を用いたこと以外は実施例1-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム1-6を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム1-6の透明性は高く、膜厚は35μmであった。
レターデーション測定器(王子計測社製 KOBRA-21ADH)を用いて、下記式により定義されるレターデーション(Re、Rth)を測定した。
Re=|Nx-Ny|×d
Rth=|Nz-(Nx+Ny)/2|×d
(Nx:主延伸方向の屈折率、Ny:主延伸方向に対して垂直方向の面内屈折率、Nz:面に対して垂直(Nx及びNyに対して垂直)方向の屈折率、d:フィルムの厚み(μm))
光弾性係数測定装置(ユニオプト社製 PHEL-20A)を用い、実施例及び比較例でそれぞれ得られたフィルムから切り出した9mm×80mmの試験片に22℃で0.1mm/minの速度で圧縮荷重をかけて測定した。
Nz≧Ny>Nx (I)
100mL容積のガラス製反応器に、窒素雰囲気下にてスチレン5.33g(51.3mmol)と1,1-ジフェニルエチレン2.29g(12.7mmol)とを計り取り、シクロヘキサン20mLで希釈した。この溶液を氷浴にて冷却した後、0.10Mのs-ブチルリチウム/シクロヘキサン溶液を少量ずつ、系が淡黄色を呈するまで滴下し残存水分を取り除いた。
超伝導核磁気共鳴吸収装置(NMR、Varian社製 INOVA600)を用い、で得られた共重合体の1H-NMRを測定し、芳香族プロトン、メチル、メチレン、メチンのピーク面積比から、第一の構造単位及び第二の構造単位の含有比率を算出した。
カラム(TSKgel SuperHM-M)を3本接続し、RI検出器を備えたゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC、東ソー株式会社製 HLC-8020)を用いて測定した。溶媒としてテトラヒドロフランを用い、得られた共重合体のポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量(Mn)、重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を求めた。
示差走査熱量計(DSC、エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製 DSC7020)を用いて測定した。具体的には、窒素下、20℃/minで室温(25℃)から230℃まで昇温し、その後20℃/minで室温まで戻し、再び10℃/minで230℃まで昇温した。2度目の昇温過程で測定されるガラス転移温度をTgとした。なお、測定には、得られた共重合体を再沈殿精製して得られたパウダーを用いた。
合成例2-1で得られた共重合体2-1とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)[アルドリッチ社製、カタログNo25134-01-4、重量平均分子量=244000、ガラス転移温度=211℃]を90:10の質量比でブレンドした樹脂混合物2-1を10質量%含むクロロホルム溶液を調製し、ガラス板上にキャスト法によってフィルム状に供給し、72時間自然乾燥させた。得られたフィルムをガラス板から剥離した後、減圧下、140℃でクロロホルム濃度が500massppm以下になるまで乾燥し、未延伸フィルム2-1を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-1の透明性は高く、膜厚は83μmであり、未延伸フィルム1を構成する樹脂組成物2-1のTgは136℃であった。
樹脂混合物2-1を、共重合体2-1とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)を80:20の質量比でブレンドした樹脂混合物2-2に変更したこと以外は実施例2-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム2-2を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-2の透明性は高く、膜厚は74μmであり、未延伸フィルム2-2を構成する樹脂組成物2-2のTgは143℃であった。
樹脂混合物2-1を、共重合体2-1とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)を78:22の質量比でブレンドした樹脂混合物2-3に変更したこと以外は実施例2-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム2-3を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-3の透明性は高く、膜厚は79μmであり、未延伸フィルム2-3を構成する樹脂組成物2-3のTgは145℃であった。
樹脂混合物2-1を、共重合体2-1とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)を75:25の質量比でブレンドした樹脂混合物2-4に変更したこと以外は実施例2-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム2-4を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-4の透明性は高く、膜厚は85μmであり、未延伸フィルム2-4を構成する樹脂組成物2-4のTgは147℃であった。
樹脂混合物2-1を、共重合体2-1とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)を72:28の質量比でブレンドした樹脂混合物2-5に変更したこと以外は実施例2-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム2-5を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-5の透明性は高く、膜厚は83μmであり、未延伸フィルム2-5を構成する樹脂組成物2-5のTgは149℃であった。
実施例2-4と同様の方法により、透明性の高い膜厚77μmの未延伸フィルム2-6を得た。
実施例2-4と同様の方法により、透明性の高い膜厚76μmの未延伸フィルム2-7を得た。
樹脂混合物2-1を共重合体2-1に変更した(共重合体2-1とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)の質量比を100:0とした)こと以外は、実施例2-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム2-8を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-8の透明性は高く、膜厚は42μmであり、未延伸フィルム2-8を構成する樹脂組成物2-8のTgは133℃であった。
樹脂混合物2-1を、共重合体2-1とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)を60:40の質量比でブレンドした樹脂混合物2-9に変更したこと以外は実施例2-1と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム2-9を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-9の透明性は高く、膜厚は82μmであり、未延伸フィルム2-9を構成する樹脂組成物2-9のTgは158℃であった。
共重合体2-1にかえて、市販のポリスチレン(和光純薬、ガラス転移温度:91℃、重量平均分子量Mw:165×103、分子量分布Mw/Mn:2.0)を用いたこと以外は実施例2-4と同様の方法により、未延伸フィルム2-10を得た。得られた未延伸フィルム2-10の透明性は高く、膜厚は79μmであり、未延伸フィルム2-10を構成する樹脂組成物2-10のTgは115℃であった。
レターデーション測定器(王子計測社製 KOBRA-21ADH)を用いて、下記式により定義されるレターデーション(Re、Rth)を測定した。
Re=|Nx-Ny|×d
Rth=|Nz-(Nx+Ny)/2|×d
(Nx:主延伸方向の屈折率、Ny:主延伸方向に対して垂直方向の面内屈折率、Nz:面に対して垂直(Nx及びNyに対して垂直)方向の屈折率、d:フィルムの厚み(μm))
Claims (9)
- 下記式(1)で表される第一の構造単位及び下記式(2)で表される第二の構造単位を有する共重合体を含有する樹脂組成物からなる樹脂フィルムを、少なくとも一軸方向に延伸してなる位相差フィルムであって、
前記共重合体における前記第一の構造単位の含有比率が、前記第一の構造単位及び前記第二の構造単位の合計を基準として、3~50モル%である、位相差フィルム。
- 下記式(1)で表される第一の構造単位及び下記式(2)で表される第二の構造単位を有する共重合体とポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)とを含有する樹脂組成物からなる樹脂フィルムを、少なくとも一軸方向に延伸してなる位相差フィルムであって、
前記樹脂組成物における前記ポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレンオキサイド)の含有比率が、前記樹脂組成物の総量基準で5~30質量%である、位相差フィルム。
- 前記共重合体における前記第一の構造単位の含有比率が、前記第一の構造単位及び前記第二の構造単位の合計を基準として、3~50モル%である、請求項2に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 前記共重合体のガラス転移温度が105~170℃である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 光弾性係数の絶対値が5.0×10-12(/Pa)以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 波長分散値Dが0.70<D<1.06である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 前記樹脂組成物のガラス転移温度が120℃以上である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 前記位相差フィルムの主延伸方向をx軸方向、前記位相差フィルムの面内において前記x軸方向と直交する方向をy軸方向、前記x軸方向及び前記y軸方向とそれぞれ直交する方向をz軸方向としたとき、前記x軸方向における屈折率Nx、前記y軸方向における屈折率Ny及び前記z軸方向における屈折率Nzが、Nz≧Ny>Nxの関係を満たす、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の位相差フィルムを備える、液晶表示装置。
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US14/357,073 US20140309373A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2012-11-06 | Phase difference film and liquid crystal display device provided with same |
KR1020147007262A KR20140064886A (ko) | 2011-11-10 | 2012-11-06 | 위상차 필름 및 이를 구비한 액정 표시 장치 |
JP2013542988A JP5756863B2 (ja) | 2011-11-10 | 2012-11-06 | 位相差フィルム及びそれを備える液晶表示装置 |
CN201280045696.9A CN103842859A (zh) | 2011-11-10 | 2012-11-06 | 相位差膜及具备其的液晶显示装置 |
EP12847721.3A EP2778726A4 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2012-11-06 | PHASE DIFFERENCE FILM AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE THEREWITH |
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JP2011246612 | 2011-11-10 |
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EP (1) | EP2778726A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5756863B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20140064886A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103842859A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW201329537A (ja) |
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Cited By (3)
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WO2015026115A1 (ko) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-02-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 역 파장 분산을 갖는 광학 필름 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치 |
US20160200851A1 (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2016-07-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Optical Film Having Reverse Wavelength Dispersion and Display Device Including the Same (As Amended) |
JP2017524760A (ja) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-08-31 | アルケマ フランス | スチレン及びメチルメタクリレートに基づくナノ構造化ブロック共重合体フィルムの周期をコントロールする方法、及びナノ構造化ブロック共重合体フィルム |
Families Citing this family (2)
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JP2017049536A (ja) * | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光板、反射防止積層体及び画像表示システム |
CN106354341B (zh) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-07-09 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | 一种触控显示面板 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2013069642A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
EP2778726A4 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
JP5756863B2 (ja) | 2015-07-29 |
CN103842859A (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
US20140309373A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
TW201329537A (zh) | 2013-07-16 |
EP2778726A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
KR20140064886A (ko) | 2014-05-28 |
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