WO2013015167A1 - Power conversion device and power conversion system - Google Patents

Power conversion device and power conversion system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013015167A1
WO2013015167A1 PCT/JP2012/068181 JP2012068181W WO2013015167A1 WO 2013015167 A1 WO2013015167 A1 WO 2013015167A1 JP 2012068181 W JP2012068181 W JP 2012068181W WO 2013015167 A1 WO2013015167 A1 WO 2013015167A1
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Prior art keywords
surge voltage
current command
voltage detection
current
circuit
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PCT/JP2012/068181
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
賢生 赤石
能登　康雄
光一 八幡
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日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社
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Publication of WO2013015167A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013015167A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • H02P29/0241—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being an overvoltage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inverter control device that detects a surge voltage generated when a semiconductor switching element constituting an inverter main circuit is cut off and compares it with a current command value, thereby detecting an abnormality in the inverter main circuit.
  • a technique for preventing overvoltage breakdown from a surge voltage generated when the switching element is interrupted is known.
  • the surge voltage is detected by detecting the potential obtained by dividing the motor, and the torque of the motor is limited by the motor torque limit command signal when an abnormality is determined.
  • Patent Document 2 when the voltage applied between the collector and the emitter of the IGBT becomes abnormal in the constant voltage level of the constant voltage diode, the gate current is passed through the constant voltage diode and the diode to slowly turn off. Therefore, an excessive voltage is prevented from being applied.
  • the present invention provides a power conversion system and a power conversion device that can further improve reliability.
  • a power converter includes an inverter circuit that outputs a three-phase alternating current, a current sensor that detects the three-phase alternating current, and a motor control circuit that drives the inverter circuit.
  • a gate drive circuit for driving a semiconductor switching element constituting the inverter circuit based on a PWM signal from the motor control circuit, and a surge voltage detection circuit for detecting a surge voltage detection signal the motor control circuit generates a current command value and
  • a current command generation unit that stores the surge voltage detection signal detected by the surge voltage detection circuit is input to the motor control circuit, and the current command generation unit outputs a current voltage from the current command generation unit when the surge voltage detection signal is detected.
  • Possible to implement a surge voltage suppressor that suppresses surge voltage by comparing the current command value with a predetermined current command value. To determine.
  • a highly reliable power conversion system and power conversion device can be provided.
  • 1 is a surge voltage detection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a surge voltage detection operation waveform which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart of the surge voltage detection which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of a waveform at the time of 50A and 650A interruption
  • a power conversion system including an inverter is configured by a combination of semiconductor switching elements, and performs power conversion by sequentially switching each element. During the switching operation of the semiconductor switching element, a jumping (surge) voltage is generated due to the switching speed when the semiconductor switching element is cut off.
  • a power conversion system and a power conversion device monitor a surge voltage detection signal from a surge voltage detection unit provided in a gate drive circuit, and generate a current generated by a current command generation unit of a motor control circuit A comparison is made between the command value and a surge voltage value relative to the current command value.
  • the change of the main circuit impedance can be detected at an early stage by positively detecting the surge voltage in a small current region, it is possible to provide a motor control device capable of further improving the reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of a motor control device of a power conversion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the motor 1 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the rotation speed and the magnetic pole position are detected by a rotation sensor such as a resolver or an encoder.
  • the motor 1 is connected to the inverter circuit 2 via a cable, and is supplied with electric power.
  • the inverter circuit 2 is composed of a semiconductor switching element such as an IGBT and performs power conversion by switching the upper and lower arms of each phase with a PWM signal.
  • the current output from the inverter circuit 2 and flowing to the motor 1 via the cable is detected by the current sensor 3.
  • the inverter output current value detected by the current sensor 3 is fed back to the current control unit 8 via an A / D conversion function included in the arithmetic processing unit in the motor control circuit 4.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the surge voltage detection apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the current command is generated by the current command generator 7 of the motor control circuit 4 based on the torque command value ⁇ * from the host controller, the rotational speed ⁇ of the motor 1 and the magnetic pole position ⁇ .
  • the current command generator 7 is configured by an arithmetic processing device such as a microcomputer.
  • the generated current command value is converted by the current control unit 8 of the motor control circuit 4 from the feedback value of the inverter output current detected by the current sensor 3 and converted into a PWM signal through the controller.
  • the PWM signal drives a semiconductor switching element such as an IGBT through the gate drive circuit 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • a circuit in which a Zener diode having a predetermined Zener voltage, a backflow prevention diode, and a resistor are connected in series is connected in parallel with the semiconductor switching element between the collector and the emitter (or between the drain and source) of the semiconductor switching element. .
  • a Zener current generated when the surge voltage applied between the collector and emitter (or between the drain and source) when the semiconductor switching element is cut off exceeds a predetermined Zener voltage is detected.
  • a Zener diode having a predetermined Zener voltage Vz causes a Zener current Iz to flow when a surge voltage exceeding Vz is applied. Since the Zener current is a minute current, the detection level is amplified by a differential amplifier circuit as shown in FIG.
  • the surge voltage is a voltage that changes in a short time of several tens of ns, and in order to capture this voltage as a detection signal, the surge voltage detection circuit has a latch circuit that detects the detected zener current for a certain period of time or detects it. It is desirable to provide a one-shot pulse output circuit triggered by a Zener current.
  • the surge voltage detection signal Vs detected by the surge voltage detection circuit is input to the current command generator 7 provided in the motor control circuit by an insulating transmission element such as a photocoupler.
  • the current command generator 7 determines whether or not a surge voltage exceeding a predetermined voltage value is applied based on the level (H / L) of the input surge voltage detection signal Vso.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of surge voltage detection according to the first embodiment.
  • the flowchart of FIG. 5 is executed by the current command generator 7.
  • Step S101 is a level determination unit for the surge voltage detection signal Vso from the surge voltage detection circuit shown in FIG. When a surge voltage exceeding a predetermined voltage value is applied, Vso is input as L from the surge voltage detection circuit.
  • the current command generator 7 on the motor control circuit monitors the current command value as needed, and stores the current command value Is_cmd at the time when the surge voltage detection signal Vso is input at the L level in the memory. deep.
  • the surge voltage detection level can be set by the Zener voltage, an arbitrary surge voltage detection level is set in advance.
  • the surge voltage detection circuit is configured using a Zener diode having a Zener voltage larger than the surge voltage generated during driving at a predetermined current command value I_cmd.
  • step S102 the current command value Is_cmd at the time of detecting the surge voltage is compared with a predetermined current command value I_cmd that is set in advance. If Is_cmd ⁇ I_cmd, a surge that does not occur originally is generated. It is determined that
  • the surge voltage for the predetermined current value I_cmd does not exceed the set Zener voltage, so no surge voltage detection signal is output.
  • the current command value Is_cmd at the time of detecting the surge voltage is equal to or greater than a predetermined current command value (Is_cmd> I_cmd)
  • the current motor region may detect the surge voltage.
  • step S102 If the current command value is less than or equal to the set current command value in step S102 (Is_cmd ⁇ I_cmd), it is determined that a surge voltage abnormality has occurred, and a surge voltage abnormality / main circuit abnormality determination signal is output in step S103. Output. Further, in response to the surge voltage abnormality signal from step S103, in step S104, the output current value is limited for the subsequent motor drive. That is, the current command generator 7 limits the maximum output value of the current command value so as not to exceed a predetermined value. Note that the limitation on the output current value does not necessarily limit the maximum output value. You may restrict
  • FIG. 6 is an example of operation waveforms of the collector voltage and the collector current when the semiconductor switching element is cut off.
  • FIG. 6A shows the collector voltage and collector current when 50A is cut off
  • FIG. 6B shows the collector voltage and collector current when 650A is cut off.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of the relationship between the collector current and the surge voltage in the semiconductor switching element.
  • blocking reaches 450V and 620V, respectively, and a surge voltage is so large that output current is large.
  • the surge voltage detection level is set to 480 V
  • the current command generator 7 compares the validity when a surge voltage abnormality is detected.
  • the surge voltage at the time of normal 50A interruption is 450V, and since the Zener voltage is 480V or less, the surge voltage detection signal is not output. On the other hand, since the surge voltage exceeds 480 V when shut off at 200 A or more, a surge voltage detection signal is output, but the current command value of the current command generation unit 7 provided in the motor control circuit is According to the validity comparison, abnormality determination is not performed because Is_cmd> 50A.
  • the broken line graph shown in FIG. 7 assumes a case where the surge voltage is expanded due to a main circuit inductance expansion due to aged deterioration of the power conversion system or a failure of a current sensor or the like. Assuming that the surge voltage with respect to the collector current increases as a whole by 30V, the 450V surge voltage that was generated when the 50A was shut off expanded to 480V, and the 620V surge voltage that occurred when the 650A was shut off expanded to 650V. End up. As a result, the surge voltage at the time of 650A interruption
  • the 480V surge voltage generated when the current command 50A is cut off is detected as an abnormal voltage. be able to. Furthermore, application of a surge voltage of 650 V when 650 A is interrupted can be avoided by detecting a surge voltage abnormality at the time of small current driving and limiting the current command value.
  • FIG. 8 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the second embodiment.
  • the basic motor control block diagram shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Further, the method of detecting the surge voltage and the validity comparison of the current command value in the current command generator 7 are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the surge voltage detection circuit in the second embodiment is a mode in which a gate resistance switching function is added to the gate drive circuit in addition to the first embodiment.
  • the connected gate resistors are a resistor A having a gate resistance value R during normal driving and a resistor B having a gate resistance value Rs larger than R (R ⁇ Rs).
  • the gate resistor is connected to the resistor A during normal motor driving.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of surge voltage detection according to the second embodiment.
  • the flowchart of FIG. 9 is executed by the current command generator 7.
  • a predetermined surge voltage detection level is set, and the current command generator 7 on the motor control device detects the surge voltage by comparing the validity of the current command value at the time of detecting the surge voltage in step S102.
  • Current command value Is_cmd at the time is compared with a predetermined current command value I_cmd set in advance, and if it is determined that Is_cmd ⁇ I_cmd, a signal for determining surge voltage abnormality and main circuit abnormality is output from step S103. To do.
  • a gate resistance switching signal is output to the gate resistance switching switch 17 in step S105.
  • the gate drive circuit switches the connection from the resistor A connected during normal driving to the gate resistor B having a resistance value larger than the gate resistance A.
  • di / dt of the semiconductor switching element is adjusted to suppress the surge voltage.
  • FIG. 10 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the third embodiment.
  • the basic motor control block diagram shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the surge voltage detection circuit according to the third embodiment connects a circuit in which a Zener diode having a different Zener voltage, a backflow prevention diode, and a resistor are connected in series to a semiconductor switching element.
  • a surge voltage detection circuit having a different surge voltage detection level is added.
  • the surge voltage detection circuits 1 to 3 use Zener diodes 1 to 3 having different Zener voltages, and have a latch circuit or a one-shot pulse output circuit that holds the detected Zener current for a predetermined time.
  • Zener voltages Vz1 to Vz3 are surge voltage detection levels. When a surge voltage exceeding each detection level is applied, detection signals Vso1 to Vso3 are output from the respective surge voltage detection circuits. Is done.
  • each Zener diode has a different Zener voltage such that Zener voltage 1 ⁇ Zener voltage 2 ⁇ Zener voltage 3.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of surge voltage detection in the third embodiment.
  • the flowchart of FIG. 12 is executed by the current command generator 7. Since the detected surge voltage levels can be classified according to the output surge voltage detection signals Vso1 to Vso3, current command values I_cmd_1 to I_cmd_3 for validity comparison are set for the respective surge voltage levels.
  • Vso1 L
  • Vso2 H
  • Vso1 L
  • Vso2 L
  • Vso1 L
  • Vso2 L
  • the detected surge voltage level can be classified.
  • step S201 the presence or absence of surge voltage detection of 480 V or more is determined by the surge voltage detection signal Vso1.
  • Vso1 L
  • the presence or absence of surge voltage detection of 540 V or higher is determined based on the surge voltage detection signal Vso2 in step S202.
  • Vso2 L
  • FIG. 13 shows the surge voltage detection level and the protection range of the semiconductor switching element according to the third embodiment.
  • the range surrounded by the surge voltage detection level Vz and the predetermined current command value I_cmd is the range to which each surge voltage suppression means is applied.
  • the current command value I_cmd_1 50 A and the surge voltage detection
  • the surge voltage suppression means can be switched by comparing a plurality of provided surge voltage detection levels with the current command value at the time of surge voltage detection.
  • surge voltage suppression means implemented for the surge voltage detection level is arbitrary, and by having various surge voltage suppression means, a power conversion system capable of continuing motor driving while avoiding overvoltage breakdown of the semiconductor switching element, and A power converter can be provided.
  • FIG. 14 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the basic motor control block diagram shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the surge voltage detection circuit in the fourth embodiment directly detects a voltage applied between the collector and emitter (or drain and source) of the semiconductor switching element by dividing the voltage with a resistor.
  • the divided collector (or drain) voltage is output for a certain period of time as a peak value Vp of the applied surge voltage through the peak hold circuit.
  • the surge voltage detection level is determined by the voltage dividing ratio of the voltage dividing resistor.
  • the divided collector (or drain) voltage may be converted to a level that can be detected via a differential amplifier circuit or the like and detected by an arithmetic processing unit such as a microcomputer.
  • an arithmetic processing unit or the like the surge voltage detection level can be arbitrarily set by software. Then, the output of the surge voltage detection signal Vs is determined by comparing the surge voltage detection level arbitrarily set in the arithmetic processing unit with a threshold value and comparing the peak value of the surge voltage output from the peak hold circuit.
  • the surge voltage peak value Vp or the surge voltage detection signal Vs detected by the surge voltage detection circuit described above is input to the current command generator 7 provided in the motor control circuit by an insulation transfer element such as a photocoupler.
  • the current command generator 7 determines whether or not a surge voltage exceeding a predetermined voltage value is applied based on the level (H / L) of the input surge voltage detection signal Vso.
  • the processing after the surge voltage abnormality detection in the present embodiment implements a means for limiting the current command as a surge voltage suppressing means according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
  • the gate resistance switching means may be implemented as the surge voltage suppression means according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of surge voltage detection circuits are provided as in the third embodiment, means for switching a plurality of surge voltage suppression means according to the surge voltage detection level and the current command value according to the flowchart shown in FIG. You may carry out.
  • the surge voltage detection means described above detects an increase in surge voltage due to an abnormality in the inductance and current change rate of the inverter main circuit, outputs a fail signal from the surge voltage abnormality determination unit, and based on the fail signal. Display on the operation panel and control equipment of the motor controller. For example, when applied to an electric vehicle, a surge voltage abnormality can be notified to a motor control device operator or a maintenance worker by, for example, turning on a warning lamp on an internal panel.
  • surge voltage suppression means such as applying torque limitation or switching gate resistance, avoiding overvoltage application to the semiconductor switching element Since the motor control system can be continuously driven, a highly reliable power conversion device can be provided.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

This power conversion device comprises: an inverter circuit that outputs a three-phase alternating current; a current sensor that detects the three-phase alternating current; and a motor control circuit that drives the inverter circuit. The inverter circuit includes: a gate drive circuit that drives a semiconductor switching element constituting the inverter circuit on the basis of a PWM signal from the motor control circuit; and a surge voltage detection circuit that detects a surge voltage detection signal. The motor control circuit includes a current command generator that generates and stores a current command value. The surge voltage detection signal detected by the surge voltage detection circuit is input to the motor control circuit. The motor control circuit includes a selector that selects whether or not to execute a surge voltage suppressor, which suppresses the surge voltage, by comparing the current command value from the current command generator with a predetermined current command value when the surge voltage detection signal is detected.

Description

電力変換装置及び電力変換システムPower conversion device and power conversion system
　本発明は、インバータ主回路を構成する半導体スイッチング素子が遮断時に発生するサージ電圧を検出し、電流指令値と対比することで、インバータ主回路の異常検出するインバータ制御装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an inverter control device that detects a surge voltage generated when a semiconductor switching element constituting an inverter main circuit is cut off and compares it with a current command value, thereby detecting an abnormality in the inverter main circuit.
　従来から、複数のスイッチング素子によって構成される電力変換装置において、前記スイッチング素子が遮断時に発生するサージ電圧から過電圧破壊を防ぐ手法は知られており、例えば、特許文献１では、スイッチング素子のコレクタ電圧を分圧した電位を検出することでサージ電圧を検出し、異常判定の際には電動機トルク制限指令信号によって電動機のトルクを制限している。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a power conversion device including a plurality of switching elements, a technique for preventing overvoltage breakdown from a surge voltage generated when the switching element is interrupted is known. The surge voltage is detected by detecting the potential obtained by dividing the motor, and the torque of the motor is limited by the motor torque limit command signal when an abnormality is determined.
　さらに、特許文献２では、ＩＧＢＴのコレクタ・エミッタ間に印加される電圧が定電圧ダイオードの定電圧レベル異常になると、定電圧ダイオードとダイオードを経由してゲート電流を流すことでゆっくりとターンオフさせることで過大な電圧が印加されるのを防止している。 Furthermore, in Patent Document 2, when the voltage applied between the collector and the emitter of the IGBT becomes abnormal in the constant voltage level of the constant voltage diode, the gate current is passed through the constant voltage diode and the diode to slowly turn off. Therefore, an excessive voltage is prevented from being applied.
日本国特開２００４－２３６３７１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-236371 日本国特開平７－１７０６５４号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-170654
　しかしながら、上記特許文献いずれの手法においては、あくまで大電流駆動時の最大サージ電圧の検出を想定するものであり、実モータ駆動時で多用される小電流領域でのサージ電圧に対しては考慮されていない。そのため、インバータ主回路の異常検知に対する信頼性が損なわれる可能性があった。 However, in any of the above-mentioned patent documents, detection of the maximum surge voltage at the time of driving a large current is assumed, and the surge voltage in a small current region frequently used at the time of actual motor driving is considered. Not. For this reason, there is a possibility that the reliability of the abnormality detection of the inverter main circuit is impaired.
　そこで、本発明は、更なる信頼性向上を図れる電力変換システムおよび電力変換装置を提供する。 Therefore, the present invention provides a power conversion system and a power conversion device that can further improve reliability.
　本発明の１の態様によると、電力変換装置は、３相交流電流を出力するインバータ回路と、３相交流電流を検出する電流センサと、インバータ回路を駆動するモータ制御回路を備え、インバータ回路は、モータ制御回路からのＰＷＭ信号に基づきインバータ回路を構成する半導体スイッチング素子を駆動するゲートドライブ回路とサージ電圧検出信号を検出するサージ電圧検出回路を備え、モータ制御回路は、電流指令値を生成および記憶する電流指令生成部を備え、サージ電圧検出回路により検出されたサージ電圧検出信号はモータ制御回路に入力され、電流指令生成部は、サージ電圧検出信号を検出した際に電流指令生成部からの電流指令値と所定の電流指令値と対比することによりサージ電圧を抑制するサージ電圧抑制部の実施の可否を決定する。 According to one aspect of the present invention, a power converter includes an inverter circuit that outputs a three-phase alternating current, a current sensor that detects the three-phase alternating current, and a motor control circuit that drives the inverter circuit. A gate drive circuit for driving a semiconductor switching element constituting the inverter circuit based on a PWM signal from the motor control circuit, and a surge voltage detection circuit for detecting a surge voltage detection signal, the motor control circuit generates a current command value and A current command generation unit that stores the surge voltage detection signal detected by the surge voltage detection circuit is input to the motor control circuit, and the current command generation unit outputs a current voltage from the current command generation unit when the surge voltage detection signal is detected. Possible to implement a surge voltage suppressor that suppresses surge voltage by comparing the current command value with a predetermined current command value. To determine.
　本発明によれば、信頼性の高い電力変換システムおよび電力変換装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a highly reliable power conversion system and power conversion device can be provided.
本発明の実施形態に係る電力変換システムのモータ制御装置の制御ブロック図である。It is a control block diagram of the motor control device of the power conversion system according to the embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the surge voltage detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。1 is a surge voltage detection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出動作波形である。It is a surge voltage detection operation waveform which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the surge voltage detection which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 半導体スイッチング素子の５０Ａおよび６５０Ａ遮断時の波形例である。It is an example of a waveform at the time of 50A and 650A interruption | blocking of a semiconductor switching element. 半導体スイッチング素子におけるコレクタ電流とサージ電圧の関係例である。It is an example of the relationship between the collector current and surge voltage in a semiconductor switching element. 本発明の第２の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。It is a surge voltage detection circuit which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the surge voltage detection which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。It is a surge voltage detection circuit which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。It is a surge voltage detection circuit which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the surge voltage detection which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出レベルと半導体スイッチング素子の保護範囲である。It is the surge voltage detection level which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and the protection range of a semiconductor switching element. 本発明の第４の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。It is a surge voltage detection circuit which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。It is a surge voltage detection circuit which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention.
　本発明の実施形態に係る電力変換システムおよび電力変換装置について簡単に原理を説明する。 The principle of the power conversion system and the power conversion device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described.
　インバータをはじめとする電力変換システムは、半導体スイッチング素子の組み合わせにより構成され、各素子を順次スイッチング動作させることで、電力変換を実施している。半導体スイッチング素子のスイッチング動作時において、その遮断時にはスイッチング速度により、跳ね上がり（サージ）電圧が発生する。 A power conversion system including an inverter is configured by a combination of semiconductor switching elements, and performs power conversion by sequentially switching each element. During the switching operation of the semiconductor switching element, a jumping (surge) voltage is generated due to the switching speed when the semiconductor switching element is cut off.
　半導体スイッチング素子のコレクタ－エミッタ間（またはドレイン－ソース間）に印加されている電圧に対して、このサージ電圧が、半導体スイッチング素子の耐圧を超える場合には、半導体スイッチング素子は自らのサージ電圧により過電圧破壊をきたす可能性がある。 If this surge voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor switching element with respect to the voltage applied between the collector and emitter (or between the drain and source) of the semiconductor switching element, the semiconductor switching element There is a possibility of overvoltage breakdown.
　サージ電圧は、Ｖ＝Ｌ×ｄｉ／ｄｔで計算される主回路インダクタンスＬまたは電流変化率ｄｉ／ｄｔに比例した電圧である。すなわち、インバータの出力電流が大きく、ｄｉ／ｄｔが大きくなる程、発生するサージ電圧は出力電流値に比例して大きくなる特徴がある。 The surge voltage is a voltage proportional to the main circuit inductance L or current change rate di / dt calculated by V = L × di / dt. That is, as the output current of the inverter increases and di / dt increases, the surge voltage generated increases in proportion to the output current value.
　一般的に、半導体スイッチング素子のゲートドライブ回路設計の際には、使用する半導体スイッチング素子のサージ電圧が耐圧を超えないように、ゲート抵抗を設定する等のマッチングを行っている。そのため、サージ電圧そのものはモニタされておらず、電力変換システム駆動中の経年劣化やシステムの不具合等により、主回路インダクタンスや電流変化率に変化が生じてサージ電圧が拡大していたとしても、半導体スイッチング素子が破壊に至るまでに捉えることは難しかった。 Generally, when designing a gate drive circuit of a semiconductor switching element, matching such as setting a gate resistance is performed so that a surge voltage of the semiconductor switching element to be used does not exceed a withstand voltage. For this reason, the surge voltage itself is not monitored. Even if the surge voltage is expanded due to deterioration of the main circuit inductance or current change rate due to aging degradation or system malfunction while driving the power conversion system, the semiconductor It was difficult to catch the switching element until it was destroyed.
　本発明の実施形態に係る電力変換システムおよび電力変換装置は、ゲートドライブ回路に設けたサージ電圧検出部からのサージ電圧検出信号をモニタし、モータ制御回路の電流指令生成部にて生成される電流指令値とその電流指令値に相対するサージ電圧値との対比を行うことを特徴とする。 A power conversion system and a power conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention monitor a surge voltage detection signal from a surge voltage detection unit provided in a gate drive circuit, and generate a current generated by a current command generation unit of a motor control circuit A comparison is made between the command value and a surge voltage value relative to the current command value.
　ここで、インバータ出力電流値に相対した所定の電圧値以上のサージ電圧が検出された場合には、サージ電圧異常検出信号を出力するとともに、電流制御系のゲイン調整や出力電流を制限することで、半導体スイッチング素子への過大なサージ電圧印加を防ぐことができる。 Here, when a surge voltage exceeding a predetermined voltage value relative to the inverter output current value is detected, a surge voltage abnormality detection signal is output, and the current control system gain adjustment and output current are limited. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive surge voltage from being applied to the semiconductor switching element.
　特に、小電流領域でのサージ電圧検出を積極的に実施することで、主回路インピーダンスの変化を早期に検出できるため、更なる信頼性向上を図れるモータ制御装置を提供することができる。 Especially, since the change of the main circuit impedance can be detected at an early stage by positively detecting the surge voltage in a small current region, it is possible to provide a motor control device capable of further improving the reliability.
　以下、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.
　＜第１の実施形態＞
　図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る電力変換システムのモータ制御装置の制御ブロック図である。モータ１は永久磁石同期モータであり、回転速度および磁極位置はレゾルバやエンコーダ等の回転センサにより検出される。モータ１は、ケーブルを介してインバータ回路２と接続されており、電力の供給を受けている。 <First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of a motor control device of a power conversion system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The motor 1 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the rotation speed and the magnetic pole position are detected by a rotation sensor such as a resolver or an encoder. The motor 1 is connected to the inverter circuit 2 via a cable, and is supplied with electric power.
　インバータ回路２は、ＩＧＢＴ等の半導体スイッチング素子から構成されており、ＰＷＭ信号により各相上下アームをスイッチングすることで電力変換を行っている。インバータ回路２から出力され、ケーブルを介してモータ１へ流れる電流は、電流センサ３より検出される。電流センサ３により検出されたインバータ出力電流値は、モータ制御回路４内の演算処理装置に含まれるＡ／Ｄ変換機能等を介して、電流制御部８へフィードバックされる。 The inverter circuit 2 is composed of a semiconductor switching element such as an IGBT and performs power conversion by switching the upper and lower arms of each phase with a PWM signal. The current output from the inverter circuit 2 and flowing to the motor 1 via the cable is detected by the current sensor 3. The inverter output current value detected by the current sensor 3 is fed back to the current control unit 8 via an A / D conversion function included in the arithmetic processing unit in the motor control circuit 4.
　図２は、本発明の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出装置のブロック図である。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the surge voltage detection apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
　電流指令は、上位コントローラからのトルク指令値τ*とモータ１の回転速度ωおよび磁極位置θをモータ制御回路４の電流指令生成部７で生成される。電流指令生成部７は、マイクロコンピュータ等の演算処理装置により構成されている。生成された電流指令値は、モータ制御回路４の電流制御部８にて、電流センサ３より検出されたインバータ出力電流のフィードバック値との偏差を演算し、制御器を通じてＰＷＭ信号へ変換される。ＰＷＭ信号は、ゲートドライブ回路５を介してＩＧＢＴ等の半導体スイッチング素子をスイッチング駆動させている。 The current command is generated by the current command generator 7 of the motor control circuit 4 based on the torque command value τ * from the host controller, the rotational speed ω of the motor 1 and the magnetic pole position θ. The current command generator 7 is configured by an arithmetic processing device such as a microcomputer. The generated current command value is converted by the current control unit 8 of the motor control circuit 4 from the feedback value of the inverter output current detected by the current sensor 3 and converted into a PWM signal through the controller. The PWM signal drives a semiconductor switching element such as an IGBT through the gate drive circuit 5.
　次に、第１の実施形態におけるサージ電圧検出部を以下説明する。 Next, the surge voltage detector in the first embodiment will be described below.
　図３は、第１の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。所定のツェナー電圧を有するツェナーダイオードと逆流防止用ダイオードと抵抗器を直列接続した回路は、半導体スイッチング素子のコレクタ－エミッタ間（またはドレイン－ソース間）に、前記半導体スイッチング素子と並列に接続される。この回路構成により、半導体スイッチング素子の遮断時にコレクタ－エミッタ間（またはドレイン－ソース間）に印加されるサージ電圧が所定のツェナー電圧を超えた時に発生するツェナー電流を検出する。 FIG. 3 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the first embodiment. A circuit in which a Zener diode having a predetermined Zener voltage, a backflow prevention diode, and a resistor are connected in series is connected in parallel with the semiconductor switching element between the collector and the emitter (or between the drain and source) of the semiconductor switching element. . With this circuit configuration, a Zener current generated when the surge voltage applied between the collector and emitter (or between the drain and source) when the semiconductor switching element is cut off exceeds a predetermined Zener voltage is detected.
　次に、図４を用いて、第１の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出動作波形について説明する。所定のツェナー電圧Ｖｚを有するツェナーダイオードは、Ｖｚを超えるサージ電圧が印加されることによって、ツェナー電流Ｉｚを流す。ツェナー電流は微小な電流であるので、図３に示すような差動増幅回路等により、検出レベルを増幅する。 Next, the surge voltage detection operation waveform according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A Zener diode having a predetermined Zener voltage Vz causes a Zener current Iz to flow when a surge voltage exceeding Vz is applied. Since the Zener current is a minute current, the detection level is amplified by a differential amplifier circuit as shown in FIG.
　また、サージ電圧は数十ｎｓ単位の短時間で変化する電圧であり、この電圧を検出信号として捕らえるために、サージ電圧検出回路には、検出したツェナー電流を一定時間保持するラッチ回路または検出したツェナー電流をトリガとした１ショットパルス出力回路を備えることが望ましい。 In addition, the surge voltage is a voltage that changes in a short time of several tens of ns, and in order to capture this voltage as a detection signal, the surge voltage detection circuit has a latch circuit that detects the detected zener current for a certain period of time or detects it. It is desirable to provide a one-shot pulse output circuit triggered by a Zener current.
　サージ電圧検出回路により検出されたサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓは、フォトカプラ等の絶縁伝達素子により、モータ制御回路に備えられた電流指令生成部７へ入力される。電流指令生成部７は、入力されるサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏのレベル（Ｈ／Ｌ）で、所定の電圧値以上のサージ電圧印加の有無を判定する。 The surge voltage detection signal Vs detected by the surge voltage detection circuit is input to the current command generator 7 provided in the motor control circuit by an insulating transmission element such as a photocoupler. The current command generator 7 determines whether or not a surge voltage exceeding a predetermined voltage value is applied based on the level (H / L) of the input surge voltage detection signal Vso.
　図５は第１の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出のフローチャートである。図５のフローチャートは、電流指令生成部７により実行される。ステップＳ１０１は、図３に示したサージ電圧検出回路からのサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏのレベル判定部である。所定の電圧値以上のサージ電圧印加がある場合には、サージ電圧検出回路よりＶｓｏはＬとして入力される。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart of surge voltage detection according to the first embodiment. The flowchart of FIG. 5 is executed by the current command generator 7. Step S101 is a level determination unit for the surge voltage detection signal Vso from the surge voltage detection circuit shown in FIG. When a surge voltage exceeding a predetermined voltage value is applied, Vso is input as L from the surge voltage detection circuit.
　一方、サージ電圧検出信号ＶｓｏがＨである場合は、所定の電圧値以上のサージ電圧は発生していないので、通常のインバータ駆動を継続する。サージ電圧検出信号ＶｓｏがＬである場合には、次のステップＳ１０２で、サージ電圧検出時における電流指令値の妥当性比較を行う。 On the other hand, when the surge voltage detection signal Vso is H, a surge voltage higher than a predetermined voltage value is not generated, and thus normal inverter driving is continued. If the surge voltage detection signal Vso is L, the validity comparison of the current command value at the time of detecting the surge voltage is performed in the next step S102.
　ここで、モータ制御回路上の電流指令生成部７では、電流指令値を随時モニタしており、サージ電圧検出信号ＶｓｏがＬレベルで入力された時点での電流指令値Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄをメモリへ記憶しておく。一方で、サージ電圧検出レベルは、ツェナー電圧により設定できるので、予め任意のサージ電圧検出レベルを設定しておく。出力電流値に対するサージ電圧との相関関係より、ある所定の電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄでの駆動時に発生するサージ電圧よりも大きいツェナー電圧を有するツェナーダイオードを用いてサージ電圧検出回路を構成しておく。 Here, the current command generator 7 on the motor control circuit monitors the current command value as needed, and stores the current command value Is_cmd at the time when the surge voltage detection signal Vso is input at the L level in the memory. deep. On the other hand, since the surge voltage detection level can be set by the Zener voltage, an arbitrary surge voltage detection level is set in advance. Based on the correlation with the output current value and the surge voltage, the surge voltage detection circuit is configured using a Zener diode having a Zener voltage larger than the surge voltage generated during driving at a predetermined current command value I_cmd.
　ステップＳ１０２では、サージ電圧検出時の電流指令値Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄと予め設定しておいた所定の電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄを比較し、Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ≦Ｉ_ｃｍｄである場合には、本来発生することのないサージが発生しているものと判定される。 In step S102, the current command value Is_cmd at the time of detecting the surge voltage is compared with a predetermined current command value I_cmd that is set in advance. If Is_cmd ≦ I_cmd, a surge that does not occur originally is generated. It is determined that
　正常動作時には、所定の電流値Ｉ_ｃｍｄに対するサージ電圧が設定したツェナー電圧を超えることが無いため、サージ電圧検出信号は出力されない。また、サージ電圧検出時の電流指令値Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄが設定された所定の電流指令値以上であった場合（Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ＞Ｉ_ｃｍｄ）には、サージ電圧が検出されても良い電流領域であるため通常のモータ駆動を継続する。 During normal operation, the surge voltage for the predetermined current value I_cmd does not exceed the set Zener voltage, so no surge voltage detection signal is output. In addition, when the current command value Is_cmd at the time of detecting the surge voltage is equal to or greater than a predetermined current command value (Is_cmd> I_cmd), the current motor region may detect the surge voltage. Continue.
　ステップＳ１０２で、設定された電流指令値以下であった場合（Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ≦Ｉ_ｃｍｄ）には、サージ電圧異常が発生しているものと判断し、ステップＳ１０３でサージ電圧異常、主回路異常判定の信号を出力する。さらに、ステップＳ１０３からのサージ電圧異常信号を受け、ステップＳ１０４では、以降のモータ駆動に対して出力電流値を制限する。すなわち、電流指令生成部７は、電流指令値の最大出力値を所定の値以上超えないように制限する。なお、出力電流値の制限は必ずしも最大出力値を制限するものでなくてもよい。一定の比率で出力電流を下げるように制限してもよい。 If the current command value is less than or equal to the set current command value in step S102 (Is_cmd ≦ I_cmd), it is determined that a surge voltage abnormality has occurred, and a surge voltage abnormality / main circuit abnormality determination signal is output in step S103. Output. Further, in response to the surge voltage abnormality signal from step S103, in step S104, the output current value is limited for the subsequent motor drive. That is, the current command generator 7 limits the maximum output value of the current command value so as not to exceed a predetermined value. Note that the limitation on the output current value does not necessarily limit the maximum output value. You may restrict | limit so that an output current may be reduced by a fixed ratio.
　サージ電圧異常判定により、インバータ出力電流値を抑えることで、大電流駆動時のサージ電圧による半導体スイッチング素子の過電圧破壊を防ぐことができる。また、小電流領域でのサージ電圧異常を早期に検出することにより、大電流駆動への電流移行中に主回路異常が検出できるため、信頼性の高い電力変換システムおよび電力変換装置を提供することができる。 By suppressing the inverter output current value based on the surge voltage abnormality determination, it is possible to prevent the overvoltage breakdown of the semiconductor switching element due to the surge voltage when driving at a large current. In addition, since a main circuit abnormality can be detected during a current shift to a large current drive by detecting a surge voltage abnormality in a small current region at an early stage, a highly reliable power conversion system and power conversion device are provided. Can do.
　本実施形態におけるサージ電圧検出に関して、具体例を用いて以下説明する。 The surge voltage detection in this embodiment will be described below using a specific example.
　図６は、半導体スイッチング素子遮断時のコレクタ電圧およびコレクタ電流の動作波形例である。図６（ａ）は５０Ａ遮断時、図６（ｂ）は６５０Ａ遮断時のコレクタ電圧およびコレクタ電流をそれぞれ示す。また、図７は半導体スイッチング素子におけるコレクタ電流とサージ電圧の関係例を示す。５０Ａ、６５０Ａ遮断時のサージ電圧は、それぞれ４５０Ｖ、６２０Ｖに達し、出力電流が大きいほどサージ電圧が大きい。 FIG. 6 is an example of operation waveforms of the collector voltage and the collector current when the semiconductor switching element is cut off. FIG. 6A shows the collector voltage and collector current when 50A is cut off, and FIG. 6B shows the collector voltage and collector current when 650A is cut off. FIG. 7 shows an example of the relationship between the collector current and the surge voltage in the semiconductor switching element. The surge voltage at the time of 50A and 650A interruption | blocking reaches 450V and 620V, respectively, and a surge voltage is so large that output current is large.
　ここでは、サージ電圧検出レベルは４８０Ｖと設定し、ツェナー電圧Ｖｚ＝４８０Ｖのツェナーダイオードを用いてサージ電圧検出を行い、サージ電圧異常検出時に電流指令生成部７で妥当性比較を行う所定の電流指令値はＩ_ｃｍｄ＝５０Ａとしている。 Here, the surge voltage detection level is set to 480 V, the surge voltage is detected using a Zener diode with a Zener voltage Vz = 480 V, and the current command generator 7 compares the validity when a surge voltage abnormality is detected. The value is I_cmd = 50A.
　通常の５０Ａ遮断時のサージ電圧は４５０Ｖであり、ツェナー電圧４８０Ｖ以下であるため、サージ電圧検出信号は出力されない。一方で、２００Ａ以上での遮断時では、サージ電圧は４８０Ｖを超えてくるため、サージ電圧検出信号が出力されるが、モータ制御回路に備えられた電流指令生成部７での、電流指令値の妥当性比較により、Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ＞５０Ａのため異常判定はされない。 The surge voltage at the time of normal 50A interruption is 450V, and since the Zener voltage is 480V or less, the surge voltage detection signal is not output. On the other hand, since the surge voltage exceeds 480 V when shut off at 200 A or more, a surge voltage detection signal is output, but the current command value of the current command generation unit 7 provided in the motor control circuit is According to the validity comparison, abnormality determination is not performed because Is_cmd> 50A.
　図７に示す破線グラフは、電力変換システムの経年劣化による主回路インダクタンス拡大や電流センサ等の不具合により、サージ電圧が拡大した場合を想定したものである。コレクタ電流に対するサージ電圧が全体的に３０Ｖ大きくなると仮定すると、従来５０Ａ遮断時に発生していた４５０Ｖのサージ電圧は４８０Ｖへ拡大し、６５０Ａ遮断時に発生していた６２０Ｖのサージ電圧は６５０Ｖまで拡大してしまう。その結果、６５０Ａ遮断時のサージ電圧はＩＧＢＴ素子の耐圧である６５０Ｖに達してしまうため、過電圧破壊に繋がる恐れがある。 The broken line graph shown in FIG. 7 assumes a case where the surge voltage is expanded due to a main circuit inductance expansion due to aged deterioration of the power conversion system or a failure of a current sensor or the like. Assuming that the surge voltage with respect to the collector current increases as a whole by 30V, the 450V surge voltage that was generated when the 50A was shut off expanded to 480V, and the 620V surge voltage that occurred when the 650A was shut off expanded to 650V. End up. As a result, the surge voltage at the time of 650A interruption | blocking will reach 650V which is the pressure | voltage resistance of an IGBT element, and it may lead to an overvoltage destruction.
　しかし、本実施形態を適用することにより、４８０Ｖのサージ電圧検出レベルと所定の電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ＝５０Ａの設定をすることで、電流指令５０Ａ遮断時に発生した４８０Ｖのサージ電圧を異常電圧として検出することができる。さらに、小電流駆動時にサージ電圧異常を検出して、電流指令値を制限することによって、６５０Ａ遮断時による６５０Ｖのサージ電圧の印加を避けることができる。 However, by applying this embodiment, by setting the 480V surge voltage detection level and the predetermined current command value I_cmd = 50A, the 480V surge voltage generated when the current command 50A is cut off is detected as an abnormal voltage. be able to. Furthermore, application of a surge voltage of 650 V when 650 A is interrupted can be avoided by detecting a surge voltage abnormality at the time of small current driving and limiting the current command value.
　以上のように、所定の電流指令値に対するサージ電圧検出信号の有無によって、本来検出されるはずの無い小電流領域でサージ電圧異常の信号を認識した場合に、主回路インダクタンスまたは電流変化率に異常をもたらす変化がモータ制御システム内で発生していることを認識でき、さらに電流指令制限等のサージ電圧抑制手段を用いることで、半導体スイッチング素子への大電流駆動によるサージ電圧印加を避けることができる。 As described above, when a surge voltage abnormality signal is recognized in a small current region that should not be detected depending on the presence or absence of a surge voltage detection signal for a given current command value, the main circuit inductance or current change rate is abnormal. Can be recognized in the motor control system, and by using surge voltage suppression means such as current command limitation, application of surge voltage due to large current drive to the semiconductor switching element can be avoided .
　＜第２の実施形態＞
　図８は、第２の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。図１および図２に示す基本的なモータ制御ブロック図は第１の実施形態と同様である。また、サージ電圧の検出方法および電流指令生成部７での電流指令値の妥当性比較も第１の実施形態と同様である。 <Second Embodiment>
FIG. 8 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the second embodiment. The basic motor control block diagram shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Further, the method of detecting the surge voltage and the validity comparison of the current command value in the current command generator 7 are the same as in the first embodiment.
　第２の実施形態におけるサージ電圧検出回路は、第１の実施形態に加え、ゲートドライブ回路にゲート抵抗の切り替え機能を追加した形態である。 The surge voltage detection circuit in the second embodiment is a mode in which a gate resistance switching function is added to the gate drive circuit in addition to the first embodiment.
　接続されるゲート抵抗は、通常駆動時のゲート抵抗値Ｒを有する抵抗器Ａと、Ｒよりも大きいゲート抵抗値Ｒｓを有する抵抗器Ｂである（Ｒ＜Ｒｓ）。通常のモータ駆動時には、ゲート抵抗は抵抗器Ａに接続されている。 The connected gate resistors are a resistor A having a gate resistance value R during normal driving and a resistor B having a gate resistance value Rs larger than R (R <Rs). The gate resistor is connected to the resistor A during normal motor driving.
　図９は、第２の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出のフローチャートである。図９のフローチャートは、電流指令生成部７により実行される。第１の実施形態と同様に所定のサージ電圧検出レベルを設定し、モータ制御装置上の電流指令生成部７が、ステップＳ１０２でサージ電圧検出時の電流指令値の妥当性比較により、サージ電圧検出時の電流指令値Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄと予め設定しておいた所定の電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄを比較し、Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ≦Ｉ_ｃｍｄであると判定した場合には、ステップＳ１０３よりサージ電圧異常、主回路異常判定の信号を出力する。ステップＳ１０３からのサージ電圧異常信号を受け、ステップＳ１０５でゲート抵抗切り替え信号をゲート抵抗切り替えスイッチ１７に出力する。電流指令生成部７から出力されたゲート抵抗切り替え信号により、ゲートドライブ回路では、通常駆動時に接続されている抵抗器Ａから、ゲート抵抗Ａよりも大きい抵抗値を有するゲート抵抗器Ｂへ接続を切り替えることにより、半導体スイッチング素子のｄｉ／ｄｔを調整してサージ電圧を抑制する。 FIG. 9 is a flowchart of surge voltage detection according to the second embodiment. The flowchart of FIG. 9 is executed by the current command generator 7. As in the first embodiment, a predetermined surge voltage detection level is set, and the current command generator 7 on the motor control device detects the surge voltage by comparing the validity of the current command value at the time of detecting the surge voltage in step S102. Current command value Is_cmd at the time is compared with a predetermined current command value I_cmd set in advance, and if it is determined that Is_cmd ≦ I_cmd, a signal for determining surge voltage abnormality and main circuit abnormality is output from step S103. To do. In response to the surge voltage abnormality signal from step S103, a gate resistance switching signal is output to the gate resistance switching switch 17 in step S105. Based on the gate resistance switching signal output from the current command generator 7, the gate drive circuit switches the connection from the resistor A connected during normal driving to the gate resistor B having a resistance value larger than the gate resistance A. As a result, di / dt of the semiconductor switching element is adjusted to suppress the surge voltage.
　なお、本実施形態は、第１の実施形態に示した出力電流値の制限と併用しても良い。 Note that this embodiment may be used in combination with the limitation on the output current value shown in the first embodiment.
　＜第３の実施形態＞
　図１０は、第３の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。図１および図２に示す基本的なモータ制御ブロック図は第１の実施形態と同様である。 <Third Embodiment>
FIG. 10 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the third embodiment. The basic motor control block diagram shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
　第３の実施形態におけるサージ電圧検出回路は、第１または第２の実施形態に加えて、ツェナー電圧の異なるツェナーダイオードと逆流防止ダイオードと抵抗器を直列接続した回路を半導体スイッチング素子と並列に接続することで、サージ電圧検出レベルの異なるサージ電圧検出回路を追加した形態である。サージ電圧検出回路１～３には、ツェナー電圧の異なるツェナーダイオード１～３を用いており、検出したツェナー電流を一定時間保持するラッチ回路または１ショットパルス出力回路を有する。 In addition to the first or second embodiment, the surge voltage detection circuit according to the third embodiment connects a circuit in which a Zener diode having a different Zener voltage, a backflow prevention diode, and a resistor are connected in series to a semiconductor switching element. Thus, a surge voltage detection circuit having a different surge voltage detection level is added. The surge voltage detection circuits 1 to 3 use Zener diodes 1 to 3 having different Zener voltages, and have a latch circuit or a one-shot pulse output circuit that holds the detected Zener current for a predetermined time.
　ここで、任意に設定するツェナー電圧Ｖｚ１～Ｖｚ３がサージ電圧検出レベルであり、各検出レベルを超えたサージ電圧が印加された場合に、各々のサージ電圧検出回路からの検出信号Ｖｓｏ１～Ｖｓｏ３が出力される。ここでは、各ツェナーダイオードは、ツェナー電圧１＜ツェナー電圧２＜ツェナー電圧３となる異なるツェナー電圧をそれぞれ有する。 Here, arbitrarily set Zener voltages Vz1 to Vz3 are surge voltage detection levels. When a surge voltage exceeding each detection level is applied, detection signals Vso1 to Vso3 are output from the respective surge voltage detection circuits. Is done. Here, each Zener diode has a different Zener voltage such that Zener voltage 1 <Zener voltage 2 <Zener voltage 3.
　なお、図１１に示すように、ツェナー電圧の異なるツェナーダイオードを複数直列接続することで、サージ電圧検出レベルを設定する構成としても良い。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, it is good also as a structure which sets a surge voltage detection level by connecting in series several Zener diodes from which Zener voltage differs.
　図１２は、第３の実施形態におけるサージ電圧検出のフローチャートである。図１２のフローチャートは、電流指令生成部７により実行される。出力されたサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏ１～Ｖｓｏ３に従って、検出したサージ電圧のレベルを場合分けすることができるので、各々のサージ電圧レベルに妥当性比較用の電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_１～Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_３を設定する。 FIG. 12 is a flowchart of surge voltage detection in the third embodiment. The flowchart of FIG. 12 is executed by the current command generator 7. Since the detected surge voltage levels can be classified according to the output surge voltage detection signals Vso1 to Vso3, current command values I_cmd_1 to I_cmd_3 for validity comparison are set for the respective surge voltage levels.
　ここでは、サージ電圧検出レベルとして、ツェナーダイオード１～３のツェナー電圧は、Ｖｚ１＝４８０Ｖ、Ｖｚ２＝５４０Ｖ、Ｖｚ３＝６００Ｖと設定し、比較用電流指令値は、Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_１＝５０Ａ、Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_２＝３００Ａ、Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_３＝５００Ａ、と設定する。 Here, the Zener voltages of the Zener diodes 1 to 3 are set as Vz1 = 480V, Vz2 = 540V, Vz3 = 600V as surge voltage detection levels, and the comparison current command values are I_cmd_1 = 50A, I_cmd_2 = 300A, I_cmd_3 = 500A.
　まずステップＳ２０１～２０３では、サージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏ１、Ｖｓｏ２、Ｖｓｏ３のＨ／Ｌ組み合わせにより、
　Ｖｓｏ１＝Ｌ、Ｖｓｏ２＝Ｈ、Ｖｓｏ３＝Ｈは、４８０Ｖ以上、５４０Ｖ未満のサージ電圧検出、
　Ｖｓｏ１＝Ｌ、Ｖｓｏ２＝Ｌ、Ｖｓｏ３＝Ｈは、５４０Ｖ以上、６００Ｖ未満のサージ電圧検出、
　Ｖｓｏ１＝Ｌ、Ｖｓｏ２＝Ｌ、Ｖｓｏ３＝Ｌは、６００Ｖ以上のサージ電圧検出、
というように、検出したサージ電圧のレベルを区分けすることができる。 First, in steps S201 to S203, the H / L combination of the surge voltage detection signals Vso1, Vso2, and Vso3,
Vso1 = L, Vso2 = H, Vso3 = H is a surge voltage detection of 480V or more and less than 540V,
Vso1 = L, Vso2 = L, Vso3 = H is a surge voltage detection of 540V or more and less than 600V,
Vso1 = L, Vso2 = L, Vso3 = L are surge voltage detection of 600V or more,
Thus, the detected surge voltage level can be classified.
　ステップＳ２０１では、４８０Ｖ以上のサージ電圧検出有無をサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏ１により判定する。 In step S201, the presence or absence of surge voltage detection of 480 V or more is determined by the surge voltage detection signal Vso1.
　Ｖｓｏ１＝Ｈの場合は、サージ電圧検出無しの判定であり、モータ駆動を継続する。 When Vso1 = H, it is determined that no surge voltage has been detected, and the motor drive is continued.
　Ｖｓｏ１＝Ｌの場合は、ステップＳ２０２にて、５４０Ｖ以上のサージ電圧検出有無をサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏ２により判定する。 When Vso1 = L, the presence or absence of surge voltage detection of 540 V or higher is determined based on the surge voltage detection signal Vso2 in step S202.
　Ｖｓｏ２＝Ｈの場合は、４８０Ｖ以上、５４０Ｖ未満のサージ電圧検出と判定され、ステップＳ２１１にて、サージ電圧検出時の電流指令値Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄと予め設定した電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_１＝５０Ａとを比較する。Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ≦Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_１であれば、ステップＳ２２１でサージ電圧異常信号を出力すると共に、ステップＳ２３１でゲートドライブ回路上のゲート抵抗切り替えによるサージ電圧抑制手段を実施する。一方で、Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ＞Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_１であれば、大電流駆動でのサージ電圧検出と判断され、通常のモータ駆動を継続する。 When Vso2 = H, it is determined that a surge voltage of 480 V or more and less than 540 V is detected, and in step S211, the current command value Is_cmd at the time of surge voltage detection is compared with a preset current command value I_cmd_1 = 50A. If Is_cmd ≦ I_cmd_1, a surge voltage abnormality signal is output in step S221, and surge voltage suppression means is implemented by switching gate resistance on the gate drive circuit in step S231. On the other hand, if Is_cmd> I_cmd_1, it is determined that the surge voltage is detected by the large current drive, and the normal motor drive is continued.
　Ｖｓｏ２＝Ｌの場合は、ステップＳ２０３にて、Ｖｚ３＝６００Ｖ以上のサージ電圧検出有無をサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏ３により判定する。 If Vso2 = L, the presence or absence of surge voltage detection of Vz3 = 600 V or more is determined by the surge voltage detection signal Vso3 in step S203.
　Ｖｓｏ３＝Ｈの場合は、５４０Ｖ以上、６００Ｖ未満のサージ電圧検出と判定され、ステップＳ２１２にて、サージ電圧検出時の電流指令値Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄと予め設定した電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_２＝３００Ａとを比較する。Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ≦Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_２であれば、ステップＳ２２２でサージ電圧異常信号を出力すると共に、ステップＳ２３２で電流指令制限によるサージ電圧抑制手段を実施する。一方で、Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ＞Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_２であれば、電流指令値に対するサージ電圧異常があるが、モータの継続駆動は可能と判断できるため、ステップＳ２１１でサージ電圧異常信号を出力すると共に、ステップＳ２３１でゲートドライブ回路上のゲート抵抗切り替えによるサージ電圧抑制手段を実施する。 If Vso3 = H, it is determined that a surge voltage of 540 V or more and less than 600 V is detected, and in step S212, the current command value Is_cmd at the time of surge voltage detection is compared with a preset current command value I_cmd_2 = 300A. If Is_cmd ≦ I_cmd_2, a surge voltage abnormality signal is output in step S222, and surge voltage suppression means by current command restriction is implemented in step S232. On the other hand, if Is_cmd> I_cmd_2, there is a surge voltage abnormality with respect to the current command value, but it can be determined that the motor can be continuously driven. Therefore, a surge voltage abnormality signal is output in step S211 and a gate drive circuit in step S231. Implement surge voltage suppression means by switching the gate resistance above.
　Ｖｓｏ３＝Ｌの場合は、６００Ｖ以上のサージ電圧検出と判定され、ステップＳ２１３にて、サージ電圧検出時の電流指令値Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄと予め設定した電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_３＝５００Ａとを比較する。Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ≦Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_３であれば、５００Ａ以下での遮断時に６００Ｖ以上のサージ電圧が発生していると判定できるので、ステップＳ２２３でサージ電圧異常信号を出力すると共に、ステップＳ２３３でモータ駆動を即停止する。 When Vso3 = L, it is determined that a surge voltage of 600 V or more is detected, and in step S213, the current command value Is_cmd at the time of detecting the surge voltage is compared with a preset current command value I_cmd_3 = 500A. If Is_cmd ≦ I_cmd_3, it can be determined that a surge voltage of 600 V or more is generated at the time of interruption at 500 A or less, so a surge voltage abnormality signal is output in step S223 and the motor drive is immediately stopped in step S233.
　一方で、Ｉｓ_ｃｍｄ＞Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_３であれば、電流指令値に対するサージ電圧異常があるが、モータの継続駆動は可能と判断できるため、ステップＳ２２２でサージ電圧異常信号を出力すると共にステップＳ２３２で電流指令制限によるサージ電圧抑制手段を実施する。 On the other hand, if Is_cmd> I_cmd_3, there is a surge voltage abnormality with respect to the current command value, but it can be determined that the motor can be continuously driven. Implement surge voltage suppression means.
　図１３は第３の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出レベルと半導体スイッチング素子の保護範囲を示す。サージ電圧検出レベルＶｚと所定の電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄで囲まれる範囲が、各サージ電圧抑制手段が適用される範囲であり、上述した実施形態に依れば、電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_１＝５０Ａとサージ電圧検出レベルＶｚ１＝４８０Ｖで設定され、２点鎖線で囲まれる範囲では、ゲート抵抗切り替えによるサージ電圧抑制手段を実施し、電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_２＝３００Ａとサージ電圧検出レベルＶｚ２＝５４０Ｖで設定され、１点鎖線で囲まれる範囲では、電流指令制限によるサージ電圧抑制手段を実施し、電流指令値Ｉ_ｃｍｄ_３＝５００Ａとサージ電圧検出レベルＶｚ２＝６００Ｖで設定され、実太線で囲まれる範囲ではモータ駆動を停止する。 FIG. 13 shows the surge voltage detection level and the protection range of the semiconductor switching element according to the third embodiment. The range surrounded by the surge voltage detection level Vz and the predetermined current command value I_cmd is the range to which each surge voltage suppression means is applied. According to the above-described embodiment, the current command value I_cmd_1 = 50 A and the surge voltage detection The level Vz1 = 480V is set, and in the range surrounded by the two-dot chain line, the surge voltage suppression means is implemented by switching the gate resistance, and the current command value I_cmd_2 = 300A and the surge voltage detection level Vz2 = 540V are set. In the range surrounded by, the surge voltage suppression means by the current command restriction is implemented, the current command value I_cmd_3 = 500A and the surge voltage detection level Vz2 = 600V are set, and the motor drive is stopped in the range surrounded by the solid line.
　以上のように、複数設けたサージ電圧検出レベルとサージ電圧検出時点での電流指令値との比較により、サージ電圧抑制手段を切り替えることができる。 As described above, the surge voltage suppression means can be switched by comparing a plurality of provided surge voltage detection levels with the current command value at the time of surge voltage detection.
　サージ電圧検出レベルに対して実施するサージ電圧抑制手段の組み合わせは任意であり、種々のサージ電圧抑制手段を持つことにより、半導体スイッチング素子の過電圧破壊を避けながら、モータ駆動を継続できる電力変換システムおよび電力変換装置を提供することができる。 The combination of surge voltage suppression means implemented for the surge voltage detection level is arbitrary, and by having various surge voltage suppression means, a power conversion system capable of continuing motor driving while avoiding overvoltage breakdown of the semiconductor switching element, and A power converter can be provided.
　＜第４の実施形態＞
　図１４は、第４の実施形態に係るサージ電圧検出回路である。図１および図２に示す基本的なモータ制御ブロック図は第１の実施形態と同様である。第４の実施形態におけるサージ電圧検出回路は、半導体スイッチング素子のコレクタ－エミッタ（またはドレイン－ソース）間に印加される電圧を抵抗器で分圧して直接検出する。分圧されたコレクタ（またはドレイン）電圧は、ピークホールド回路を介することで、印加されたサージ電圧のピーク値Ｖｐとして一定時間出力される。なお、サージ電圧検出レベルは、分圧抵抗の分圧比により決定される。 <Fourth Embodiment>
FIG. 14 shows a surge voltage detection circuit according to the fourth embodiment. The basic motor control block diagram shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment. The surge voltage detection circuit in the fourth embodiment directly detects a voltage applied between the collector and emitter (or drain and source) of the semiconductor switching element by dividing the voltage with a resistor. The divided collector (or drain) voltage is output for a certain period of time as a peak value Vp of the applied surge voltage through the peak hold circuit. The surge voltage detection level is determined by the voltage dividing ratio of the voltage dividing resistor.
　また、図１５に示すように、分圧したコレクタ（またはドレイン）電圧は、差動増幅回路等を介して検出可能なレベルに変換し、マイクロコンピュータ等の演算処理装置で検出しても良い。演算処理装置等を用いることで、サージ電圧検出レベルはソフトで任意に設定することができる。そして、演算処理装置内で、任意に設定するサージ電圧検出レベルを閾値とし、ピークホールド回路から出力されたサージ電圧のピーク値とを比較することで、サージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓの出力を決定する。 Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the divided collector (or drain) voltage may be converted to a level that can be detected via a differential amplifier circuit or the like and detected by an arithmetic processing unit such as a microcomputer. By using an arithmetic processing unit or the like, the surge voltage detection level can be arbitrarily set by software. Then, the output of the surge voltage detection signal Vs is determined by comparing the surge voltage detection level arbitrarily set in the arithmetic processing unit with a threshold value and comparing the peak value of the surge voltage output from the peak hold circuit.
　上述したサージ電圧検出回路により検出されたサージ電圧のピーク値Ｖｐ、またはサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓは、フォトカプラ等の絶縁伝達素子により、モータ制御回路に備えられた電流指令生成部７等へ入力される。電流指令生成部７は、入力されるサージ電圧検出信号Ｖｓｏのレベル（Ｈ／Ｌ）で、所定の電圧値以上のサージ電圧印加の有無を判定する。 The surge voltage peak value Vp or the surge voltage detection signal Vs detected by the surge voltage detection circuit described above is input to the current command generator 7 provided in the motor control circuit by an insulation transfer element such as a photocoupler. The The current command generator 7 determines whether or not a surge voltage exceeding a predetermined voltage value is applied based on the level (H / L) of the input surge voltage detection signal Vso.
　本実施形態におけるサージ電圧異常検出後の処理は、第１の実施形態と同様に、図５で示すフローチャートに従い、サージ電圧抑制手段として電流指令を制限する手段を実施する。また、第２の実施形態のように、ゲート抵抗切り替え機能を備える場合には、図９に示すフローチャートに従い、サージ電圧抑制手段としてゲート抵抗切り替え手段を実施しても良い。さらに、第３の実施形態のように、複数のサージ電圧検出回路を備える場合には、図１２に示すフローチャートに従い、サージ電圧検出レベルと電流指令値により、複数のサージ電圧抑制手段を切り替える手段を実施しても良い。 As in the first embodiment, the processing after the surge voltage abnormality detection in the present embodiment implements a means for limiting the current command as a surge voltage suppressing means according to the flowchart shown in FIG. When the gate resistance switching function is provided as in the second embodiment, the gate resistance switching means may be implemented as the surge voltage suppression means according to the flowchart shown in FIG. Further, when a plurality of surge voltage detection circuits are provided as in the third embodiment, means for switching a plurality of surge voltage suppression means according to the surge voltage detection level and the current command value according to the flowchart shown in FIG. You may carry out.
　以上、第１から第４の実施形態の適用により、サージ電圧を検出することでＩＧＢＴ等の半導体スイッチング素子を過電圧破壊から防ぐことが可能となり、信頼性の高い電力変換装置を提供することが可能になる。 As described above, by applying the first to fourth embodiments, it is possible to prevent a semiconductor switching element such as an IGBT from overvoltage breakdown by detecting a surge voltage, and it is possible to provide a highly reliable power conversion device. become.
　また、上述したサージ電圧検出手段は、インバータ主回路のインダクタンスや電流変化率の異常によるサージ電圧の拡大を検知すると共に、サージ電圧異常判定部よりフェール信号を出力し、そのフェール信号をもとにモータ制御装置の操作盤や制御機器に表示する。例えば、電気自動車に適用される場合には、内部パネルに警告ランプを点灯させる等を実施することにより、モータ制御装置操作者またはメンテナンス作業者へ、サージ電圧異常を通知することができる。 The surge voltage detection means described above detects an increase in surge voltage due to an abnormality in the inductance and current change rate of the inverter main circuit, outputs a fail signal from the surge voltage abnormality determination unit, and based on the fail signal. Display on the operation panel and control equipment of the motor controller. For example, when applied to an electric vehicle, a surge voltage abnormality can be notified to a motor control device operator or a maintenance worker by, for example, turning on a warning lamp on an internal panel.
　加えて、小電流領域でのサージ電圧異常を早期に検出することにより、トルク制限をかけるまたはゲート抵抗を切り替える等のサージ電圧抑制手段を実施することで、半導体スイッチング素子への過電圧印加を避けながら、モータ制御システムを継続駆動することが可能になるため、信頼性の高い電力変換装置を提供することが可能となる。 In addition, by detecting surge voltage abnormalities in the small current region at an early stage, by implementing surge voltage suppression means such as applying torque limitation or switching gate resistance, avoiding overvoltage application to the semiconductor switching element Since the motor control system can be continuously driven, a highly reliable power conversion device can be provided.
　本発明の応用範囲としては、本文中で例を挙げた永久磁石同期モータ駆動システムを利用した自動車の他、エレベータ、圧縮機等、半導体スイッチング素子により構成された電力変換回路を有し、特に遮断時には、半導体スイッチング素子にサージ電圧が印加されるようなシステムとそのシステムを利用している機器が考えられる。 As an application range of the present invention, in addition to an automobile using a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system exemplified in the text, it has a power conversion circuit composed of semiconductor switching elements such as an elevator, a compressor, etc. Sometimes, a system in which a surge voltage is applied to the semiconductor switching element and a device using the system are conceivable.
　上記では、種々の実施の形態および変形例を説明したが、本発明はこれらの内容に限定されるものではない。本発明の技術的思想の範囲内で考えられるその他の態様も本発明の範囲内に含まれる。 Although various embodiments and modifications have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these contents. Other embodiments conceivable within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention.
　次の優先権基礎出願の開示内容は引用文としてここに組み込まれる。
　日本国特許出願２０１１年第１６１５３２号（２０１１年７月２５日出願） The disclosure of the following priority application is hereby incorporated by reference.
Japanese patent application 2011 161532 (filed on July 25, 2011)

Claims (11)

  1. 　電力変換装置であって、
    　３相交流電流を出力するインバータ回路と、
    　前記３相交流電流を検出する電流センサと、
    　前記インバータ回路を駆動するモータ制御回路を備え、
    　前記インバータ回路は、前記モータ制御回路からのＰＷＭ信号に基づき前記インバータ回路を構成する半導体スイッチング素子を駆動するゲートドライブ回路とサージ電圧検出信号を検出するサージ電圧検出回路を備え、
    　前記モータ制御回路は、電流指令値を生成および記憶する電流指令生成部を備え、
    　前記サージ電圧検出回路により検出されたサージ電圧検出信号は前記モータ制御回路に入力され、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、前記サージ電圧検出信号を検出した際に前記電流指令生成部からの電流指令値と所定の電流指令値と対比することによりサージ電圧を抑制するサージ電圧抑制の実施の可否を決定する電力変換装置。     A power converter,
    An inverter circuit that outputs a three-phase alternating current;
    A current sensor for detecting the three-phase alternating current;
    A motor control circuit for driving the inverter circuit;
    The inverter circuit includes a gate drive circuit that drives a semiconductor switching element that constitutes the inverter circuit based on a PWM signal from the motor control circuit, and a surge voltage detection circuit that detects a surge voltage detection signal,
    The motor control circuit includes a current command generation unit that generates and stores a current command value,
    The surge voltage detection signal detected by the surge voltage detection circuit is input to the motor control circuit,
    Whether or not the current command generation unit suppresses the surge voltage by comparing the current command value from the current command generation unit with a predetermined current command value when detecting the surge voltage detection signal. Determine the power converter.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、上位コントローラからのトルク指令値に基づいて電流指令を生成し、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、前記サージ電圧検出信号が検出された時点における電流指令値が所定の電流値以下である場合には、サージ電圧異常であると判定する電力変換装置。     The power conversion device according to claim 1,
    The current command generation unit generates a current command based on a torque command value from a host controller,
    The current command generation unit is a power conversion device that determines that a surge voltage is abnormal when a current command value at a time when the surge voltage detection signal is detected is equal to or less than a predetermined current value.
  3. 　請求項２に記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記サージ電圧検出回路は、ツェナーダイオードとダイオードと抵抗器とを直列接続し、半導体スイッチング素子のコレクタ・エミッタ間またはドレイン・ソース間に並列に接続することで、所定のツェナー電圧値を超えた場合に前記ツェナーダイオードに流れるツェナー電流を検出する電力変換装置。     The power conversion device according to claim 2,
    The surge voltage detection circuit has a Zener diode, a diode and a resistor connected in series and connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of the semiconductor switching element or between the drain and source, thereby exceeding a predetermined Zener voltage value. A power converter for detecting a Zener current flowing in the Zener diode.
  4. 　請求項２に記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記サージ電圧検出回路は、分圧抵抗により半導体スイッチング素子のコレクタ・エミッタまたはドレイン・ソース間の電圧を分圧して取り込み、ピークホールド回路によってコレクタ・エミッタ間に印加されるサージ電圧のピーク値を検出する電力変換装置。     The power conversion device according to claim 2,
    The surge voltage detection circuit divides and captures the collector-emitter or drain-source voltage of the semiconductor switching element using a voltage dividing resistor, and the peak hold circuit detects the peak value of the surge voltage applied between the collector and emitter. Power converter.
  5. 　請求項３に記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記サージ電圧検出回路は、複数のツェナーダイオードを直列接続することで、サージ電圧の検出レベルの異なる検出回路を備える電力変換装置。     The power conversion device according to claim 3,
    The said surge voltage detection circuit is a power converter device provided with the detection circuit from which the detection level of a surge voltage differs by connecting several Zener diodes in series.
  6. 　請求項３又は５記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記サージ電圧検出回路は、単一もしくは複数のツェナーダイオードとダイオードと抵抗器とを直列接続し、半導体スイッチング素子のコレクタ・エミッタまたはドレイン・ソース間に複数並列に接続することで、複数のサージ電圧検出レベルを有する電力変換装置。     The power conversion device according to claim 3 or 5,
    The surge voltage detection circuit is configured by connecting a single or a plurality of Zener diodes, a diode and a resistor in series, and connecting a plurality of surge voltages in parallel between the collector / emitter or drain / source of a semiconductor switching element. A power conversion device having a detection level.
  7. 　請求項１乃至６いずれかに記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、上位コントローラからのトルク指令値に基づいて電流指令を生成し、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、前記サージ電圧検出部からのサージ電圧検出信号が入力された場合に前記電流指令値の最大出力値を制限する電力変換装置。     In the power converter device in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
    The current command generation unit generates a current command based on a torque command value from a host controller,
    The current command generation unit is a power converter that limits a maximum output value of the current command value when a surge voltage detection signal is input from the surge voltage detection unit.
  8. 　請求項１乃至６いずれかに記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、上位コントローラからのトルク指令値に基づいて電流指令を生成し、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、前記サージ電圧検出部からのサージ電圧検出信号が入力された場合に、サージ電圧が規定値以下になるまで電流値を下げる帰還制御を有する電力変換装置。     In the power converter device in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
    The current command generation unit generates a current command based on a torque command value from a host controller,
    The power conversion device having feedback control for reducing the current value until the surge voltage becomes a specified value or less when the surge voltage detection signal is input from the surge voltage detection unit.
  9. 　請求項１乃至６いずれかに記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、上位コントローラからのトルク指令値に基づいて電流指令を生成し、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、前記サージ電圧検出部からのサージ電圧検出信号が入力された場合に、前記電流指令値の生成を停止する電力変換装置。     In the power converter device in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
    The current command generation unit generates a current command based on a torque command value from a host controller,
    The current command generation unit is a power conversion device that stops generating the current command value when a surge voltage detection signal is input from the surge voltage detection unit.
  10. 　請求項１乃至９いずれかに記載の電力変換装置において、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、上位コントローラからのトルク指令値に基づいて電流指令を生成し、
    　前記電流指令生成部は、マイクロコンピュータ等の演算処理装置により構成され、前記サージ電圧検出信号が検出された時点における電流指令値が、任意に定めた電流値以下である場合には、前記ゲートドライブ回路のゲート抵抗値を切り替えることでモータ駆動を継続する電力変換装置。     The power conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    The current command generation unit generates a current command based on a torque command value from a host controller,
    The current command generation unit is configured by an arithmetic processing unit such as a microcomputer, and when the current command value at the time when the surge voltage detection signal is detected is equal to or less than an arbitrarily defined current value, the gate drive A power converter that continues to drive the motor by switching the gate resistance value of the circuit.
  11. 　モータと電力変換装置とを含む電力変換システムであって、
    　前記電力変換装置は、
    　３相交流電流を前記モータに出力するインバータ回路と、
    　前記３相交流電流を検出する電流センサと、
    　前記インバータ回路を駆動するモータ制御回路を備え、
    　前記インバータ回路は、前記モータ制御回路からのＰＷＭ信号に基づき前記インバータ回路を構成する半導体スイッチング素子を駆動するゲートドライブ回路とサージ電圧検出信号を検出するサージ電圧検出回路を備え、
    　前記モータ制御回路は、電流指令値を生成および記憶する電流指令生成部を備え、前記サージ電圧検出回路により検出されたサージ電圧検出信号は前記モータ制御回路に入力され、
    　前記サージ電圧検出信号を検出した際に前記電流指令生成部からの電流指令値と所定の電流指令値と対比することによりサージ電圧を抑制するサージ電圧抑制部の実施の可否を選択する選択部を備える電力変換システム。     A power conversion system including a motor and a power conversion device,
    The power converter is
    An inverter circuit for outputting a three-phase alternating current to the motor;
    A current sensor for detecting the three-phase alternating current;
    A motor control circuit for driving the inverter circuit;
    The inverter circuit includes a gate drive circuit that drives a semiconductor switching element constituting the inverter circuit based on a PWM signal from the motor control circuit, and a surge voltage detection circuit that detects a surge voltage detection signal,
    The motor control circuit includes a current command generation unit that generates and stores a current command value, and a surge voltage detection signal detected by the surge voltage detection circuit is input to the motor control circuit,
    A selection unit that selects whether or not to implement a surge voltage suppression unit that suppresses the surge voltage by comparing the current command value from the current command generation unit with a predetermined current command value when the surge voltage detection signal is detected; Power conversion system provided.
PCT/JP2012/068181 2011-07-25 2012-07-18 Power conversion device and power conversion system WO2013015167A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2011161532A JP5452551B2 (en) 2011-07-25 2011-07-25 Power conversion device and power conversion system
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