JP2009254179A - Vehicle driving device - Google Patents

Vehicle driving device Download PDF

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JP2009254179A
JP2009254179A JP2008101073A JP2008101073A JP2009254179A JP 2009254179 A JP2009254179 A JP 2009254179A JP 2008101073 A JP2008101073 A JP 2008101073A JP 2008101073 A JP2008101073 A JP 2008101073A JP 2009254179 A JP2009254179 A JP 2009254179A
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voltage
common mode
ground fault
drive device
vehicle drive
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Yuichiro Sugano
雄一郎 菅野
Yoshinori Ando
由徳 安藤
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a cost required for the detection of a ground and the canceling of common mode noises, and also to reduce a mounting area. <P>SOLUTION: In a vehicle driving device, an inverter circuit 3 has a ground detector 5 detecting the ground, and a control section 7 in the ground detector 5 operates the ground detector 5 so as to cancel the common mode noises resulting from a common mode current Ic generated by the switching operations of switching elements S1 to S6. A ground detector fitted in a battery or a common mode noise canceling circuit fitted in the inverter circuit is not needed, and the cost required for the detection of the ground and the canceling of the common mode noises, and a mounting area are reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、インバータ回路を利用して直流電力を交流電力に変換してモータに出力する車両駆動装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle drive device that converts DC power into AC power using an inverter circuit and outputs the AC power to a motor.

一般に、インバータ回路を利用してバッテリからの直流電力を交流電力に変換してモータに出力する車両駆動装置は、高電圧状態で用いられるために、バッテリ内に地絡(漏電)を検出する検出器を設け、地絡が検出された場合にはモータの駆動を停止する等の安全措置を講じるようにしている(特許文献1参照)。一方このような車両駆動装置では、高電圧状態でインバータ回路のスイッチングを行うと漏れ電流(コモンモード電流)に起因するコモンモードノイズが発生するために、コモンモードノイズを低減するためのコモンモードノイズキャンセル回路がインバータ回路内に設けられている(特許文献2参照)。
特開2003−250201号公報 特開2006−333647号公報
In general, a vehicle drive device that converts DC power from a battery into AC power by using an inverter circuit and outputs the AC power to a motor is used in a high voltage state, so that a detection of a ground fault (leakage) is detected in the battery. When a ground fault is detected, a safety measure such as stopping the driving of the motor is taken (see Patent Document 1). On the other hand, in such a vehicle drive device, when the inverter circuit is switched in a high voltage state, common mode noise due to leakage current (common mode current) is generated. Therefore, common mode noise for reducing common mode noise is generated. A cancel circuit is provided in the inverter circuit (see Patent Document 2).
JP 2003-250201 A JP 2006-333647 A

地絡検出機能とコモンモードノイズキャンセル機能の2つの機能を車両駆動装置に持たせる場合、地絡検出回路とコモンモードノイズキャンセル回路の2つのユニットを車両駆動装置に設けなければならないために、車両駆動装置のコスト及び実装面積が増加する。   When the vehicle drive device is provided with two functions of a ground fault detection function and a common mode noise cancellation function, the vehicle drive device must be provided with two units of a ground fault detection circuit and a common mode noise cancellation circuit. The cost and mounting area of the driving device increase.

本発明は、このような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的は、地絡検出とコモンモードノイズキャンセルに要するコストと実装面積を低減した車両駆動装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle drive device that reduces the cost and mounting area required for ground fault detection and common mode noise cancellation.

本発明に係る車両駆動装置では、インバータ回路が、地絡を検出する地絡検出器と、スイッチング動作により発生する漏れ電流に起因するコモンモードノイズをキャンセルするように地絡検出器を動作させる制御部を備える。   In the vehicle drive device according to the present invention, the inverter circuit controls the ground fault detector to detect the ground fault and the ground fault detector to cancel the common mode noise caused by the leakage current generated by the switching operation. A part.

本発明に係る車両駆動装置によれば、バッテリ内に設置される地絡検出回路又はインバータ内に設置されるコモンモードノイズキャンセル回路が不要になるので、地絡検出とコモンモードノイズキャンセルに要するコストと実装面積を低減させることができる。   According to the vehicle drive device of the present invention, since the ground fault detection circuit installed in the battery or the common mode noise cancellation circuit installed in the inverter is not necessary, the cost required for ground fault detection and common mode noise cancellation is eliminated. And the mounting area can be reduced.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態となる車両駆動装置の構成について説明する。   Hereinafter, a configuration of a vehicle drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

〔車両駆動装置の構成〕
本発明の実施形態となる車両駆動装置1は、図1に示すように、強電バッテリ2からの直流電力をインバータ回路3で交流電力にDC/AC変換して三相モータ(以下、モータと略記)4に供給することにより車両を駆動するものであり、強電バッテリ2,インバータ回路3,及びモータ4を主な構成要素として備える。強電バッテリ2は、インバータ回路3にDC電圧VDを印加する。DC電圧VDの大きさは図示しないコントロールユニットにより制御される。インバータ回路3は、図示しないコントロールユニットからのPWM信号に従って強電バッテリ2から入力されたDC電圧VDを利用してモータ4を駆動する。モータ4は、インバータ回路3から供給される交流電力により駆動され、図示しない差動装置とタイヤを介して路面にトルクを伝達することにより車両を駆動する。
[Configuration of vehicle drive device]
As shown in FIG. 1, a vehicle drive device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a three-phase motor (hereinafter abbreviated as a motor) by DC / AC conversion of DC power from a high-voltage battery 2 into AC power by an inverter circuit 3. ) 4 to drive the vehicle, and includes a high-power battery 2, an inverter circuit 3, and a motor 4 as main components. The high-power battery 2 applies a DC voltage VD to the inverter circuit 3. The magnitude of the DC voltage VD is controlled by a control unit (not shown). The inverter circuit 3 drives the motor 4 using the DC voltage VD input from the high voltage battery 2 in accordance with a PWM signal from a control unit (not shown). The motor 4 is driven by AC power supplied from the inverter circuit 3, and drives the vehicle by transmitting torque to the road surface via a differential device (not shown) and tires.

〔インバータ回路の構成〕
インバータ回路3は、図1に示すように、互いに並列に接続されたスイッチング素子S1,S2、スイッチング素子S3,S4、及びスイッチング素子S5.S6のペアを備え、各ペアを構成する2つのスイッチング素子間にモータ4のU相,V相,W相の各電極が接続されている。本実施形態では、これらスイッチング素子のペアに対し並列にコンデンサC1が接続されていると共にこれらスイッチング素子のペアに対し直列に地絡検出器5が接続されている。地絡検出器5は、インバータ回路2の負極側母線に接続されたカップリングコンデンサC2及び抵抗素子R1と、カップリングコンデンサC2と抵抗素子R1の接続点Pにおける電圧を検出して地絡状態を判断する電圧検出部6と、エミッタ端子が抵抗素子R1に接続されたNPN型トランジスタ素子Tr1と、エミッタ端子が抵抗素子R1に接続されたPNP型トランジスタ素子Tr2と、正極及び負極がそれぞれNPN型トランジスタ素子Tr1のコレクタ端子及びPNPトランジスタ素子Tr2のコレクタ素子に接続された電源電圧VBと、トランジスタ素子Tr1,Tr2のオン/オフを制御する制御部7を備える。
[Inverter circuit configuration]
As shown in FIG. 1, the inverter circuit 3 includes switching elements S1, S2, switching elements S3, S4, and switching elements S5. A pair of S6 is provided, and the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase electrodes of the motor 4 are connected between two switching elements constituting each pair. In the present embodiment, a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the pair of switching elements, and a ground fault detector 5 is connected in series to the pair of switching elements. The ground fault detector 5 detects the voltage at the connection point P of the coupling capacitor C2 and the resistance element R1, and the coupling capacitor C2 and the resistance element R1 connected to the negative side bus of the inverter circuit 2 to detect the ground fault state. The voltage detection unit 6 for determination, the NPN transistor element Tr1 whose emitter terminal is connected to the resistor element R1, the PNP transistor element Tr2 whose emitter terminal is connected to the resistor element R1, and the NPN transistor whose positive and negative electrodes are respectively A power supply voltage VB connected to the collector terminal of the element Tr1 and the collector element of the PNP transistor element Tr2 and a control unit 7 for controlling on / off of the transistor elements Tr1 and Tr2 are provided.

〔地絡検出動作〕
この車両駆動装置1は、以下に示す地絡検出処理を実行することにより、地絡(漏電)を検出する。すなわち地絡検出処理の際は、制御部7が、トランジスタ素子Tr1,Tr2のオン/オフを切り換えることによりカップリングコンデンサC2と抵抗素子R1の接続点Pに矩形波電圧を印加する。地絡していない正常時においてトランジスタ素子Tr1をオンにした場合、電圧検出部6により検出される接続点Pの電圧VAは図2(a)に示すように電源電圧VBになる。電圧検出部6は、検出された電圧VAと閾値Vsの大小関係を比較し、この場合は検出された電圧VAは図2(a)に示すように閾値Vs以上であるので、地絡していないと判断する。一方、絶縁抵抗が低下することにより地絡している場合においてトランジスタ素子Tr1をオンにした場合、電圧検出部6により検出される接続点Pの電圧VAは図2(b)に示すように閾値Vs以下になる。電圧検出部6は、検出された電圧VAと閾値Vsの大小関係を比較し、この場合は検出された電圧VAは閾値Vs以下であるので、地絡していると判断する。地絡していると判断した場合、電圧検出部6は図示しないコントロールユニットに地絡通報信号を送信し、コントロールユニットは警告又は駆動動作の停止を促す。なお本実施形態では、接続点Pの電圧VAが閾値Vs以上であるか否かに基づいて地絡判断を行ったが、印加する矩形波電圧の立ち下がり直前と立ち上がり直前の電圧振幅の差分に基づいて短絡判断を行っても良い。
(Ground fault detection operation)
This vehicle drive device 1 detects a ground fault (leakage) by executing the following ground fault detection process. That is, during the ground fault detection process, the control unit 7 applies a rectangular wave voltage to the connection point P between the coupling capacitor C2 and the resistance element R1 by switching on and off the transistor elements Tr1 and Tr2. When the transistor element Tr1 is turned on at the normal time when there is no ground fault, the voltage VA at the connection point P detected by the voltage detector 6 becomes the power supply voltage VB as shown in FIG. The voltage detector 6 compares the magnitude relationship between the detected voltage VA and the threshold value Vs. In this case, the detected voltage VA is equal to or higher than the threshold value Vs as shown in FIG. Judge that there is no. On the other hand, when the transistor element Tr1 is turned on in the case of a ground fault due to a decrease in insulation resistance, the voltage VA at the connection point P detected by the voltage detection unit 6 is a threshold value as shown in FIG. Vs or less. The voltage detection unit 6 compares the detected voltage VA with the threshold value Vs, and in this case, the detected voltage VA is equal to or less than the threshold value Vs, so it is determined that there is a ground fault. When it is determined that there is a ground fault, the voltage detection unit 6 transmits a ground fault notification signal to a control unit (not shown), and the control unit prompts a warning or stop of the driving operation. In the present embodiment, the ground fault is determined based on whether or not the voltage VA at the connection point P is equal to or higher than the threshold value Vs. However, the difference between the voltage amplitudes immediately before and after the falling of the applied rectangular wave voltage is determined. A short circuit determination may be performed based on the determination.

〔コモンモードノイズキャンセル処理〕
この車両駆動装置1は、以下に示すコモンモードノイズキャンセル処理を実行することにより、スイッチング素子S1〜S6のスイッチング動作に起因するコモンモードノイズを低減させる。スイッチング素子S1〜S6のスイッチング動作を行うと強電系(強電バッテリ2及びスイッチング素子S1〜S6)と車両ボディ間に図3(a)に示すようなコモンモード電圧Vcが発生する。具体的には、スイッチング素子S1,S3,S5とスイッチング素子S2,S4,S6を交互にスイッチング動作させる場合、図3に示すように、コモンモード電圧Vcが負から正に変化する区間T1において車両ボディに漏れ電流I2が流れ出す。そこでこの車両駆動装置では、区間T1において制御部7がトランジスタ素子Tr1,Tr2をそれぞれオン状態及びオフ状態に設定する。これにより電流I1が電源,トランジスタ素子Tr1,抵抗素子R1,コンデンサC2を通り強電系に流れる。この結果、車両ボディに流出するコモンモード電流Icは漏れ電流I2と電流I1の差分値となるので、地絡検出器5の回路動作をコモンモード電圧の時間変化に合わせることにより、漏れ電流I2の一部又は全部を電流I1で吸収し、結果として、車両ボディに流出するコモンモード電流Icを減少させることができる。
[Common mode noise cancellation processing]
This vehicle drive device 1 reduces the common mode noise resulting from the switching operation | movement of switching element S1-S6 by performing the common mode noise cancellation process shown below. When the switching operation of the switching elements S1 to S6 is performed, a common mode voltage Vc as shown in FIG. 3A is generated between the high voltage system (the high voltage battery 2 and the switching elements S1 to S6) and the vehicle body. Specifically, when the switching elements S1, S3, S5 and the switching elements S2, S4, S6 are alternately switched, as shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle in a section T1 where the common mode voltage Vc changes from negative to positive as shown in FIG. Leakage current I2 flows out to the body. Therefore, in this vehicle drive device, the control unit 7 sets the transistor elements Tr1 and Tr2 to the on state and the off state, respectively, in the section T1. As a result, the current I1 flows through the power supply, the transistor element Tr1, the resistance element R1, and the capacitor C2 to the high voltage system. As a result, the common mode current Ic flowing out to the vehicle body becomes a difference value between the leakage current I2 and the current I1, and therefore by adjusting the circuit operation of the ground fault detector 5 to the time variation of the common mode voltage, the leakage current I2 Part or all of the current can be absorbed by the current I1, and as a result, the common mode current Ic flowing out to the vehicle body can be reduced.

具体的には、制御部7は、以下の数式1を用いることにより、スイッチング素子S1〜S6に入力されるPWM信号に基づいてインバータ回路3に発生するコモンモード電圧Vcの時間変化を演算する。数式(1)中のパラメータSu,Sv,Swは三相モータ4のU相,V相,及びW相のスイッチング状態をしめし、正極側のスイッチング素子がオン状態である場合は+1、正極側のスイッチング素子がオフ状態である場合には−1になる。図3に示す例では、スイッチング素子S1,S3,S5とスイッチング素子S2,S4,S6が交互にスイッチング動作しているので、スイッチング素子S1,S3,S5がオンである場合、コモンモード電圧VcはVD/2になり、スイッチング素子S2,S4,S6がオンである場合には、コモンモード電圧Vcは−VD/2になる。そしてコモンモード電圧Vcの時間変化が正である場合、制御部7はトランジスタ素子Tr1をオンにし、コモンモード電圧Vcの時間変化が負である場合には、トランジスタ素子Tr1をオンにすることにより、車両ボディに流出するコモンモード電流Icを減少させることができる。

Figure 2009254179
Specifically, the control unit 7 calculates the time change of the common mode voltage Vc generated in the inverter circuit 3 based on the PWM signal input to the switching elements S1 to S6 by using the following formula 1. The parameters Su, Sv, Sw in the formula (1) indicate the switching states of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase of the three-phase motor 4, and are +1 if the positive-side switching element is in the on-state. When the switching element is in the OFF state, it becomes -1. In the example shown in FIG. 3, since the switching elements S1, S3, S5 and the switching elements S2, S4, S6 are alternately switched, when the switching elements S1, S3, S5 are on, the common mode voltage Vc is When VD / 2 is set and the switching elements S2, S4, and S6 are on, the common mode voltage Vc is -VD / 2. When the time change of the common mode voltage Vc is positive, the control unit 7 turns on the transistor element Tr1, and when the time change of the common mode voltage Vc is negative, the control unit 7 turns on the transistor element Tr1. The common mode current Ic flowing out to the vehicle body can be reduced.
Figure 2009254179

以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の実施形態となる車両駆動装置1によれば、インバータ回路3は地絡を検出する地絡検出器5を備え、地絡検出器5内の制御部7がスイッチング素子S1〜S6のスイッチング動作により発生するコモンモード電流Icに起因するコモンモードノイズをキャンセルするように地絡検出器5を動作させるので、バッテリ内に設置される地絡検出回路又はインバータ回路内に設置されるコモンモードノイズキャンセル回路が不要になり、地絡検出とコモンモードノイズキャンセルに要するコストと実装面積を低減させることができる。   As is apparent from the above description, according to the vehicle drive device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the inverter circuit 3 includes the ground fault detector 5 that detects a ground fault, and a control unit in the ground fault detector 5. 7 operates the ground fault detector 5 so as to cancel the common mode noise caused by the common mode current Ic generated by the switching operation of the switching elements S1 to S6, so that the ground fault detection circuit or inverter installed in the battery A common mode noise cancellation circuit installed in the circuit is not required, and the cost and mounting area required for ground fault detection and common mode noise cancellation can be reduced.

以上、本発明者によってなされた発明を適用した実施の形態について説明したが、この実施形態による本発明の開示の一部をなす記述及び図面により本発明は限定されることはない。すなわち、本実施形態に基づいて当業者等によりなされる他の実施の形態、実施例及び運用技術等は全て本発明の範疇に含まれる。   As mentioned above, although embodiment which applied the invention made by this inventor was described, this invention is not limited by the description and drawing which make a part of indication of this invention by this embodiment. That is, other embodiments, examples, operational techniques, and the like made by those skilled in the art based on the present embodiment are all included in the scope of the present invention.

本発明の実施形態となる車両駆動装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the vehicle drive device used as embodiment of this invention. 正常時及び短絡時における接続点Pの電圧変化を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the voltage change of the connection point P at the time of normal time and a short circuit. 本発明の実施形態となるコモンモードノイズキャンセル処理を説明するためのタイミングチャート図である。It is a timing chart for demonstrating the common mode noise cancellation process used as embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1:車両駆動装置
2:強電バッテリ
3:インバータ回路
4:モータ
5:短絡検知器
6:電圧検出部
7:制御部
C1,C2:コンデンサ素子
R1:抵抗素子
S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S6:スイッチング素子
VB:電源電圧
1: Vehicle drive device 2: Strong battery 3: Inverter circuit 4: Motor 5: Short circuit detector 6: Voltage detection unit 7: Control unit C1, C2: Capacitor element R1: Resistance elements S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 S6: Switching element VB: Power supply voltage

Claims (4)

インバータ回路を利用して直流入力電圧を交流電圧に変換してモータに供給することにより車両を駆動する車両駆動装置であって、
前記インバータ回路は、地絡を検出する地絡検出器と、スイッチング動作により発生する漏れ電流に起因するコモンモードノイズをキャンセルするように地絡検出器を動作させる制御部を備えることを特徴とする車両駆動装置。
A vehicle drive device that drives a vehicle by converting a DC input voltage into an AC voltage using an inverter circuit and supplying the converted voltage to a motor,
The inverter circuit includes a ground fault detector that detects a ground fault and a control unit that operates the ground fault detector so as to cancel common mode noise caused by a leakage current generated by a switching operation. Vehicle drive device.
請求項1に記載の車両駆動装置において、
前記地絡検出器は、前記インバータ回路の負極側母線に一端側が接続されたカップリングコンデンサと、カップリングコンデンサの他端側に矩形波電圧を印加する電圧印加部を備え、カップリングコンデンサの他端側に発生する電圧に基づいて地絡を検出することを特徴とした車両駆動装置。
In the vehicle drive device according to claim 1,
The ground fault detector includes a coupling capacitor having one end connected to the negative side bus of the inverter circuit, and a voltage applying unit that applies a rectangular wave voltage to the other end of the coupling capacitor. A vehicle drive device that detects a ground fault based on a voltage generated on an end side.
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の車両駆動装置において、
前記制御部は、前記漏れ電流を検出し、検出された漏れ電流を吸収するように前記地絡検出器を動作させることにより、コモンモードノイズをキャンセルすることを特徴とする車両駆動装置。
In the vehicle drive device according to claim 1 or 2,
The control unit detects the leakage current and cancels common mode noise by operating the ground fault detector so as to absorb the detected leakage current.
請求項1乃至請求項3のうち、いずれか1項に記載の車両駆動装置において、
前記制御部は、前記インバータ回路のスイッチング動作に基づいてコモンモード電圧の時間変化を演算し、演算されたコモンモード電圧の時間変化に応じて前記地絡検出器を動作させることにより、コモンモードノイズをキャンセルすることを特徴とする車両駆動装置。
In the vehicle drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The control unit calculates a time change of the common mode voltage based on the switching operation of the inverter circuit, and operates the ground fault detector according to the time change of the calculated common mode voltage. The vehicle drive device characterized by canceling.
JP2008101073A 2008-04-09 2008-04-09 Vehicle driving device Pending JP2009254179A (en)

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Cited By (9)

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JP2011101483A (en) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Drive power supply apparatus for vehicles
CN102291027A (en) * 2011-08-19 2011-12-21 阳光电源股份有限公司 Inverter
JP2012090470A (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-05-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Noise reduction device and power conversion device having the same
JP2012110094A (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-06-07 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Noise reduction device, and power conversion device having the same
CN102645607A (en) * 2011-02-21 2012-08-22 洛克威尔自动控制技术股份有限公司 Modular line-to-ground fault identification
CN104054251A (en) * 2012-01-27 2014-09-17 大金工业株式会社 Power conversion circuit
US9160161B2 (en) 2012-05-04 2015-10-13 Eaton Corporation System and method for ground fault detection and protection in adjustable speed drives
US9444390B2 (en) 2014-06-10 2016-09-13 Hyundai Motor Company Apparatus and method for reducing common mode voltage
CN110077233A (en) * 2018-01-25 2019-08-02 丰田自动车株式会社 Electric vehicle

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011101483A (en) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Drive power supply apparatus for vehicles
JP2012090470A (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-05-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Noise reduction device and power conversion device having the same
JP2012110094A (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-06-07 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Noise reduction device, and power conversion device having the same
CN102645607A (en) * 2011-02-21 2012-08-22 洛克威尔自动控制技术股份有限公司 Modular line-to-ground fault identification
CN102291027A (en) * 2011-08-19 2011-12-21 阳光电源股份有限公司 Inverter
CN104054251A (en) * 2012-01-27 2014-09-17 大金工业株式会社 Power conversion circuit
CN104054251B (en) * 2012-01-27 2015-11-25 大金工业株式会社 Power transformation circuit
US9160161B2 (en) 2012-05-04 2015-10-13 Eaton Corporation System and method for ground fault detection and protection in adjustable speed drives
US9444390B2 (en) 2014-06-10 2016-09-13 Hyundai Motor Company Apparatus and method for reducing common mode voltage
CN110077233A (en) * 2018-01-25 2019-08-02 丰田自动车株式会社 Electric vehicle
CN110077233B (en) * 2018-01-25 2022-03-18 丰田自动车株式会社 Electric vehicle

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