WO2012164680A1 - 車両および車両の制御方法 - Google Patents
車両および車両の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012164680A1 WO2012164680A1 PCT/JP2011/062458 JP2011062458W WO2012164680A1 WO 2012164680 A1 WO2012164680 A1 WO 2012164680A1 JP 2011062458 W JP2011062458 W JP 2011062458W WO 2012164680 A1 WO2012164680 A1 WO 2012164680A1
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- vehicle
- capacitor
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- collision
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/527—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/529—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/322—Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle and a vehicle control method, and more specifically to a technique for discharging a residual charge of a capacitor in a driving device at the time of a vehicle collision.
- an electric vehicle that is mounted with a power storage device (for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor) and travels using a driving force generated from the electric power stored in the power storage device has attracted attention.
- a power storage device for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor
- Examples of the electric vehicle include an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, and a fuel cell vehicle.
- a motor generator for generating driving force for traveling by receiving electric power from the power storage device when starting or accelerating, and generating electric power by regenerative braking during braking to store electric energy in the power storage device May be provided.
- the electric power converter which converts electric power with a converter, an inverter, etc. is mounted in an electric vehicle.
- Such a power converter is provided with a large-capacity smoothing capacitor in order to stabilize the supplied DC power. During the operation of the power converter, charges corresponding to the applied voltage are accumulated in the smoothing capacitor.
- the electric charge accumulated in the smoothing capacitor needs to be discharged promptly when a vehicle collision occurs.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an inverter circuit that prevents a HV-ECU from generating torque in an electric motor when a collision is predicted during vehicle traveling in a vehicle that uses an electric motor as one of driving sources.
- An IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- Patent Document 1 when a vehicle collision is predicted, the electric charge stored in the capacitor in the inverter is consumed by the electric motor. Even at times, the influence of the high voltage power stored in the capacitor on the surroundings can be eliminated.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-020952 (Patent Document 1), a command for driving the IGBT of the inverter from the control device is required. For this reason, when the communication from the control device to the inverter is not possible due to a collision, or when the power supply to the control device is interrupted, the IGBT drive command cannot be output, and the capacitor remains appropriately. There may be a case where the charge cannot be discharged.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle that includes a drive device having a capacitor, and in a short time, the residual stored in the capacitor reliably in the event of a collision. It is to discharge the electric charge.
- a vehicle is a vehicle that can generate travel driving force using electric power from an installed power storage device, and drives the load device by converting power from the power storage device.
- a device a first control device for controlling the drive device, and a collision detection unit for detecting a vehicle collision.
- the drive device includes an inverter, a capacitor connected to the DC side terminal of the inverter, a second control device, and a discharge circuit.
- the inverter has a switching element and converts DC power from the power storage device into AC power to drive the load device.
- the second control device can exchange signals with the first control device, and controls the switching element of the inverter based on a command from the first control device.
- the discharge circuit When a collision of the vehicle is detected by the collision detection unit, the discharge circuit performs a first discharge operation that consumes the residual charge of the capacitor in the drive device based on a command from the second control device.
- the collision detection unit detects a vehicle collision and the voltage of the capacitor exceeds a predetermined threshold value
- the first control device energizes the load device to discharge the remaining charge of the capacitor.
- a command for causing the second control device to execute the second discharge operation is output to the second control device.
- the first control device performs the second discharge operation when the voltage of the capacitor exceeds a predetermined threshold after a lapse of a predetermined period from the start of the first discharge operation by the discharge circuit.
- a command for causing the second control device to execute is output to the second control device.
- the second control device causes the discharge circuit to perform the first discharge operation when communication with the first control device becomes abnormal.
- the vehicle further includes a battery for supplying a power supply voltage to the first and second control devices.
- the discharge circuit executes the first discharge operation regardless of whether there is a command from the second control device.
- the discharge circuit is configured to switch between conduction and non-conduction while lowering the control terminal voltage of the other switching element in a state in which one switching element is conducted with respect to two switching elements of at least one phase bridge circuit of the inverter.
- the first discharge operation is performed by switching the.
- the driving device further includes a discharge unit coupled in parallel with the capacitor.
- the discharge part has a resistor and a switch connected in series.
- the discharge circuit performs a first discharge operation by bringing the switch into a conductive state.
- the load device is a rotating electric machine that is coupled to a driving wheel of the vehicle and generates a driving force.
- the vehicle control method is a control method for a vehicle that can generate travel driving force using electric power from an installed power storage device.
- the vehicle includes a load device, a drive device that converts the electric power from the power storage device to drive the load device, and a collision detection unit for detecting a collision of the vehicle.
- the drive device includes a switching element, an inverter for driving the load device by converting DC power from the power storage device into AC power, a capacitor connected to the DC side terminal of the inverter, and a capacitor in the drive device. And a discharge circuit for performing a first discharge operation for consuming residual charges.
- the control method includes a step of performing a first discharge operation by the discharge circuit when a collision of the vehicle is detected by the collision detection unit, and a voltage of the capacitor in advance when the collision of the vehicle is detected by the collision detection unit.
- the present invention in a vehicle including a drive device having a capacitor, it is possible to discharge the residual charge stored in the capacitor in a short time and reliably when a collision occurs.
- 1 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the discharge of the capacitor
- 4 is a flowchart for illustrating details of a discharge control process executed by the HV-ECU in the present embodiment.
- 7 is a flowchart for explaining a discharge control process executed by the MG-ECU when a communication abnormality occurs between the HV-ECU and the MG-ECU. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the discharge control process performed with a discharge circuit when the voltage drop of an auxiliary machine battery arises.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of vehicle 100 according to the present embodiment.
- an electric vehicle will be described as an example of vehicle 100, but the configuration of vehicle 100 is not limited to this, and any vehicle that can run with electric power from a power storage device is applicable.
- Vehicle 100 includes, for example, a hybrid vehicle and a fuel cell vehicle in addition to an electric vehicle.
- vehicle 100 includes a power storage device 110, a system main relay (SMR) 115, a drive control unit (PCU) 120, a motor generator 150, and a power transmission gear. 154, drive wheel 155, collision detection unit 190, auxiliary battery 200, and HV-ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 300 that is a control device.
- SMR system main relay
- PCU drive control unit
- HV-ECU Electric Control Unit
- PCU 120 includes a converter 130, an inverter 140, an MG-ECU 160, a discharge circuit 170, and capacitors C1 to C3.
- Each device in the PCU 120 is generally housed in the same casing, and is coupled to other devices outside the PCU 120 by cables, bus bars, and the like.
- the power storage device 110 is a power storage element configured to be chargeable / dischargeable.
- the power storage device 110 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, or a lead storage battery, and a power storage element such as an electric double layer capacitor.
- Power storage device 110 is connected to converter 130 through power line PL1 and ground line NL1. Power storage device 110 stores the electric power generated by motor generator 150.
- the output of power storage device 110 is, for example, about 200V.
- SMR 115 Relays included in SMR 115 are inserted in power line PL1 and ground line NL1 connecting power storage device 110 and converter 130, respectively.
- SMR 115 is controlled by control signal SE1 from HV-ECU 300, and switches between supply and interruption of power between power storage device 110 and converter 130.
- Capacitor C1 is connected between power line PL1 and ground line NL1. Capacitor C1 reduces voltage fluctuation between power line PL1 and ground line NL1. Voltage sensor 180 detects the voltage applied to capacitor C1 and outputs the detected value VL to HV-ECU 300 via MG-ECU 160.
- Converter 130 includes switching elements Q1 and Q2, diodes D1 and D2, and a reactor L1.
- Switching elements Q1 and Q2 are connected in series between power line PL2 and ground line NL1, with the direction from power line PL2 toward ground line NL1 as the forward direction.
- an IGBT is described as an example of the switching element, but a power MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor, a power bipolar transistor, or the like can be used as another example.
- MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- Anti-parallel diodes D1 and D2 are connected to switching elements Q1 and Q2, respectively.
- Reactor L1 is provided between a connection node of switching elements Q1 and Q2 and power line PL1. That is, converter 130 forms a chopper circuit.
- Switching elements Q1 and Q2 are controlled by gate signal VGC generated by MG-ECU 160 based on control signal PWC from HV-ECU 300, and voltage is applied between power line PL1 and ground line NL1, power line PL2 and ground line NL1. Perform the conversion operation.
- Converter 130 is basically controlled such that switching elements Q1 and Q2 are turned on and off in a complementary manner within each switching period.
- Converter 130 boosts the DC voltage from power storage device 110 during the boosting operation. This boosting operation is performed by supplying the electromagnetic energy accumulated in reactor L1 during the ON period of switching element Q2 to power line PL2 via switching element Q1 and antiparallel diode D1.
- converter 130 steps down the DC voltage from the load device during the step-down operation.
- This step-down operation is performed by supplying the electromagnetic energy stored in reactor L1 during the ON period of switching element Q1 to ground line NL1 via switching element Q2 and antiparallel diode D2.
- the voltage conversion ratio in these step-up and step-down operations is controlled by the on-period ratio (duty ratio) of the switching elements Q1 and Q2 in the switching period.
- Capacitor C2 is connected between power line PL2 and ground line NL1 connecting converter 130 and inverter 140. Capacitor C2 reduces voltage fluctuation between power line PL2 and ground line NL1. Voltage sensor 185 detects the voltage applied to capacitor C2, and outputs the detected value VH to HV-ECU 300 via MG-ECU 160.
- Inverter 140 is connected to converter 130 via power line PL2 and ground line NL1. Inverter 140 is controlled by gate signal VGI generated by MG-ECU 160 based on control command PWI from HV-ECU 300, and converts the DC power output from converter 130 into AC power for driving motor generator 150. Convert power.
- the inverter 140 includes a U-phase arm 141, a V-phase arm 142, and a W-phase arm 143 that form a bridge circuit.
- U-phase arm 141, V-phase arm 142, and W-phase arm 143 are connected in parallel between power line PL2 and ground line NL1.
- U-phase arm 141 includes switching elements Q3 and Q4 connected in series between power line PL2 and ground line NL1, and diodes D3 and D4 connected in parallel with switching elements Q3 and Q4, respectively.
- the cathode of diode D3 is connected to the collector of switching element Q3, and the anode of diode D3 is connected to the emitter of switching element Q3.
- the cathode of diode D4 is connected to the collector of switching element Q4, and the anode of diode D4 is connected to the emitter of switching element Q4.
- V-phase arm 142 includes switching elements Q5 and Q6 connected in series between power line PL2 and ground line NL1, and diodes D5 and D6 connected in parallel with switching elements Q5 and Q6, respectively.
- the cathode of diode D5 is connected to the collector of switching element Q5, and the anode of diode D5 is connected to the emitter of switching element Q5.
- the cathode of diode D6 is connected to the collector of switching element Q6, and the anode of diode D6 is connected to the emitter of switching element Q6.
- W-phase arm 143 includes switching elements Q7 and Q8 connected in series between power line PL2 and ground line NL1, and diodes D7 and D8 connected in parallel with switching elements Q7 and Q8, respectively.
- the cathode of diode D7 is connected to the collector of switching element Q7, and the anode of diode D7 is connected to the emitter of switching element Q7.
- the cathode of diode D8 is connected to the collector of switching element Q8, and the anode of diode D8 is connected to the emitter of switching element Q8.
- the motor generator 150 is, for example, a three-phase AC motor generator including a rotor in which a permanent magnet is embedded and a stator having a three-phase coil Y-connected at a neutral point, and includes three U, V, and W phases.
- the coils are each connected at one end to a neutral point.
- the other end of the U-phase coil is connected to the connection node of switching elements Q3 and Q4.
- the other end of the V-phase coil is connected to a connection node of switching elements Q5 and Q6.
- the other end of the W-phase coil is connected to the connection node of switching elements Q7 and Q8.
- the output torque of the motor generator 150 is transmitted to the drive wheels 155 via a power transmission gear 154 constituted by a speed reducer and a power split mechanism, thereby causing the vehicle 100 to travel.
- the motor generator 150 can generate electric power by the rotational force of the drive wheels 155 during the regenerative braking operation of the vehicle 100.
- the generated power is converted into charging power for power storage device 110 by inverter 140.
- Collision detector 190 includes a sensor (eg, G sensor) (not shown) and detects whether vehicle 100 has collided.
- MG-ECU 160 that outputs detection signal COL to HV-ECU 300 receives control signals PWC and PWI from HV-ECU 300 as described above. Based on these signals, MG-ECU 160 generates gate signals VGC and VGI for driving the switching elements of converter 130 and inverter 140, respectively, and outputs them to converter 130 and inverter 140.
- MG-ECU 160 receives collision signal COL of vehicle 100 from HV-ECU 300.
- the MG-ECU 160 performs a discharge operation for discharging the residual charge stored in the capacitor C2 inside the PCU 120 in response to the reception of the collision signal COL (hereinafter also referred to as “PCU discharge”).
- the signal DCH is output to the discharge circuit 170.
- the MG-ECU 160 also outputs a discharge signal DCH to the discharge circuit 170 when it detects an abnormality in communication with the HV-ECU 300.
- the discharge circuit 170 is a circuit for executing PCU discharge. Upon receiving discharge signal DCH from MG-ECU 160, discharge circuit 170 controls the switching element of inverter 140, for example, and executes PCU discharge in response thereto.
- the auxiliary battery 200 is a voltage source for supplying a power supply voltage to low-voltage equipment of the vehicle 100 such as an auxiliary device (not shown) and a control device such as each ECU.
- Auxiliary battery 200 is typically composed of a lead storage battery, and its output voltage is, for example, about 12V.
- Auxiliary battery 200 supplies power supply voltage to HV-ECU 300, MG-ECU 160 and discharge circuit 170 via power line PL3.
- Auxiliary battery 200 is connected to capacitor C3 coupled to discharge circuit 170 via a diode.
- the discharge circuit 170 can also be operated by the electric power stored in the capacitor C3. For this reason, even when the power supply voltage from auxiliary battery 200 is interrupted, discharge circuit 170 can execute the discharge operation with the electric power stored in capacitor C3 for a certain period. Instead of supplying the power supply voltage from the capacitor C3, for example, a configuration in which power obtained by stepping down the power stored in the capacitor C2 is supplied to the discharge circuit 170 may be used.
- the HV-ECU 300 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, and an input / output buffer, and inputs signals from each sensor and outputs control signals to each device.
- the vehicle 100 and each device are controlled. Note that these controls are not limited to processing by software, and can be processed by dedicated hardware (electronic circuit).
- a capacitor having a high voltage and a large capacity is employed as a capacitor connected to a power conversion device including an inverter and a converter for controlling the motor generator. Therefore, in the event of a vehicle crash, etc., it is necessary to discharge the residual charge of the capacitor as quickly as possible in order to minimize the influence on the surroundings when a short circuit or ground fault occurs. .
- a discharge caused by flowing a current while preventing torque from being generated in the motor generator (hereinafter also referred to as “MG discharge”). May be done.
- Such a discharge operation is also executed, for example, in an end process when a user performs a vehicle end operation.
- the switching elements Q3 and Q6 of the inverter 140 are turned on by the MG-ECU 160, and a current flows as indicated by an arrow AR1. Discharge is performed by the residual charge of capacitor C2 being consumed by the U-phase coil and V-phase coil of motor generator 150.
- the drive pattern of the switching element is not limited to the above, and may be another pattern, or the drive pattern may be switched every predetermined time.
- Such an MG discharge has the advantage that it can be discharged in a short time because of its high power consumption and high heat-resistant temperature.
- the control signal PWC from the HV-ECU 300 since it is driven based on the control signal PWC from the HV-ECU 300, for example, if the signal path connecting the HV-ECU 300 and the PCU 120 is interrupted due to the collision of the vehicle 100, there is a disadvantage that the discharging operation cannot be performed. It is also necessary that the power line connecting inverter 140 and motor generator 150 is sound.
- the PCU discharge is executed to execute the discharging operation using only the equipment inside the PCU 120.
- the devices in the PCU 120 are often housed in a single housing, the signal transmission path and the power transmission path in the PCU 120 are not easily damaged even when a collision or the like occurs. Therefore, the PCU discharge without using the equipment outside the PCU 120 can be executed relatively reliably without being affected by the damage state of the vehicle at the time of the collision. This PCU discharge is performed by the discharge circuit 170.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a specific configuration of PCU discharge.
- the case where discharge is performed by the switching element of the inverter 140 will be described, but the switching element of the converter 130 may be used.
- discharge circuit 170 includes a control unit 171, a gate drive unit 172, and a current detection unit 173.
- the functions of the control unit 171, the gate drive unit 172, and the current detection unit 173 can be constructed by software, but are preferably constructed by hardware so that they can be reliably operated in an emergency such as a collision.
- Control unit 171 receives discharge signal DCH from MG-ECU 160. When receiving the discharge signal DCH, the control unit 171 outputs a command for operating the switching element in the following manner to the gate driving unit 172.
- the gate drive unit 172 applies a gate voltage in the saturation region to the switching element Q4 of the lower arm of the U-phase arm 141, for example, and conducts in a low resistance state. Then, the gate driver 172 intermittently applies the gate voltage in the unsaturated region to the switching element Q3 of the upper arm of the U-phase arm 141. By driving the switching elements Q3 and Q4 with such a gate signal VGI_dc, a current flows as indicated by an arrow AR2 in FIG.
- the current detection unit 173 detects the current Isw flowing through each arm from the current sensor 145 provided in each arm. Based on the current value Isw detected by the current detection unit 173, the control unit 171 appropriately adjusts the gate voltage and drive duty of the switching element Q3 as necessary.
- the discharge circuit 170 By driving the switching element of the inverter 140 as described above by the discharge circuit 170, for example, even when the power transmission path between the inverter 140 and the motor generator 150 is disconnected, the charge of the capacitor C2 is discharged inside the PCU 120. Is possible.
- the switching element since the discharge due to the conduction loss of the switching element is accompanied by heat generation of the switching element, the switching element is prevented from being damaged depending on the state of the cooling water for cooling the PCU 120 and the amount of residual charge in the capacitor C2. For this reason, the discharge current and conduction time may be limited. Therefore, there is a drawback that it may take time for the discharge or the discharge may not be sufficient.
- the resistor R10 and the switching element Q10 may be configured to include a dedicated discharge unit 186 such that the resistor R10 and the switching element Q10 are connected in series between the power line PL2 and the ground line NL1.
- a dedicated discharge unit 186 such that the resistor R10 and the switching element Q10 are connected in series between the power line PL2 and the ground line NL1.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining details of the discharge control process executed by the HV-ECU 300 in the present embodiment.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is realized by executing a program stored in advance in HV-ECU 300 at a predetermined cycle. Alternatively, for some steps, it is also possible to construct dedicated hardware (electronic circuit) and realize processing.
- HV-ECU 300 determines whether or not a collision has been detected based on collision signal COL from collision detection unit 190 at step (hereinafter, step is abbreviated as S) 100. Determine.
- HV-ECU 300 first causes MG-ECU 160 to preferentially execute PCU discharge. This is because, as described above, the PCU discharge is relatively unaffected by the damage state of the vehicle due to the collision.
- HV-ECU 300 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of PCU discharge.
- HV-ECU 300 acquires voltage VH of capacitor C2, and whether or not voltage VH is below predetermined threshold value ⁇ . Is determined (S140). That is, the HV-ECU 300 determines whether or not the residual charge of the capacitor C2 can be discharged by PCU discharge during the time required for completion of discharge required by safety standards or standards.
- HV-ECU 300 determines that the residual charge can be discharged by the PCU discharge, advances the process to S150, and leaves the residual charge in capacitor C2. PCU discharge is continued until is reduced to a predetermined level. When the voltage VH of the capacitor C2 is lower than the voltage VL of the capacitor C1, the residual charge of the capacitor C1 moves to the capacitor C2 through the diode D1 of the converter 130. As a result, the residual charge of the capacitor C1 is also discharged. In S110, since PCU discharge is already being executed, if YES is selected in S140, PCU discharge is continued. That is, S150 in FIG. 5 is a confirming description and is not essential.
- HV-ECU 300 when voltage VH is equal to or higher than threshold value ⁇ (NO in S140), HV-ECU 300 has a large amount of residual charge in capacitor C2, and discharge is completed within the time required for completion of discharge only by PCU discharge. Judge that there is a possibility that it cannot be completed. Then, the HV-ECU 300 advances the process to S160, performs MG discharge instead of PCU discharge or in addition to PCU discharge, and discharges the residual charge of the capacitor C2 in a short time.
- the residual charge is discharged more reliably and appropriately in a short time by appropriately using the PCU discharge and the MG discharge according to the voltage VH. Can be possible.
- MG discharge requires a control signal from HV-ECU 300 as described above, and therefore the control described with reference to FIG. 5 is not basically performed when communication between HV-ECU 300 and PCU 120 is normal. And can not be executed.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a discharge control process executed by MG-ECU 160 when a communication abnormality occurs between HV-ECU 300 and MG-ECU 160.
- MG-ECU 160 determines in S200 whether or not a communication abnormality with HV-ECU 300 has occurred.
- the process proceeds to S210, and the MG-ECU 160 uses the discharge circuit 170 to perform PCU discharge.
- the MG-ECU 160 cannot receive the vehicle collision signal COL, so this control is executed regardless of whether there is a vehicle collision.
- MG-ECU 160 may not be able to operate. In this case, the discharge signal DCH from the MG-ECU 160 to the discharge circuit 170 is not output.
- the discharge circuit 170 is supplied with a power supply voltage from a backup power supply circuit such as the capacitor C3 shown in FIG. Therefore, the control unit 171 of the discharge circuit 170 determines that the MG-ECU 160 cannot operate when the power supply voltage from the auxiliary battery 200 is lowered, and performs the PCU discharge by itself to generate the residual charge of the capacitor C2. Discharge.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a discharge control process executed by the control unit 171 of the discharge circuit 170 when a voltage drop of the auxiliary battery 200 occurs.
- control unit 171 of discharge circuit 170 determines whether or not the voltage of auxiliary battery 200 has dropped to a predetermined level or lower in S300.
- control unit 171 performs the PCU discharge by itself to discharge the residual charge of capacitor C2.
- control unit 171 ends the process.
- this control is also executed regardless of whether or not there is a vehicle collision because the collision signal COL cannot be received from the HV-ECU 300 when the voltage of the auxiliary battery 200 is low.
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Abstract
Description
MG-ECU160は、上述のように、HV-ECU300からの制御信号PWC,PWIを受ける。そして、MG-ECU160は、これらの信号に基づいて、コンバータ130およびインバータ140の各スイッチング素子を駆動するためのゲート信号VGC,VGIをそれぞれ生成し、コンバータ130およびインバータ140に出力する。
Claims (8)
- 搭載された蓄電装置(110)からの電力を用いて走行駆動力を発生することができる車両であって、
負荷装置(150)と、
前記蓄電装置(110)からの電力を変換して前記負荷装置(150)を駆動する駆動装置(120)と、
前記駆動装置(120)を制御するための第1の制御装置(300)と、
前記車両(100)の衝突を検出するための衝突検出部(190)とを備え、
前記駆動装置(120)は、
スイッチング素子(Q3~Q8)を有し、前記蓄電装置(110)からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記負荷装置(150)を駆動するためのインバータ(140)と、
前記インバータ(140)の直流側端子に接続されたコンデンサ(C2)と、
前記第1の制御装置(300)と信号の授受が可能であり、前記第1の制御装置(300)からの指令に基づいて前記スイッチング素子(Q3~Q8)を制御するための第2の制御装置(160)と、
前記衝突検出部(190)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検知された場合に、前記第2の制御装置(160)からの指令に基づいて、前記駆動装置(120)内で前記コンデンサ(C2)の残留電荷を消費させる第1の放電動作を行なうための放電回路(170)とを含み、
前記第1の制御装置(300)は、前記衝突検出部(190)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検知された場合に、前記コンデンサ(C2)の電圧が予め定められたしきい値を上回る場合は、前記負荷装置(150)に通電して前記コンデンサ(C2)の残留電荷を放電させる第2の放電動作を前記第2の制御装置(160)に実行させるための指令を、前記第2の制御装置(160)へ出力する、車両。 - 前記第1の制御装置(300)は、前記放電回路(170)による前記第1の放電動作が開始されてから所定期間経過後に、前記コンデンサ(C2)の電圧が前記予め定められたしきい値を上回る場合は、前記第2の放電動作を前記第2の制御装置(160)に実行させるための指令を、前記第2の制御装置(160)へ出力する、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記第2の制御装置(160)は、前記第1の制御装置(300)との間の通信が異常となった場合は、前記放電回路(170)に前記第1の放電動作を実行させる、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記第1および第2の制御装置(160)に電源電圧を供給するためのバッテリ(200)をさらに備え、
前記放電回路(170)は、前記バッテリ(200)からの前記電源電圧が予め定められた基準電圧を下回った場合は、前記第2の制御装置(160)からの指令の有無にかかわらず、前記第1の放電動作を実行する、請求項1に記載の車両。 - 前記放電回路(170)は、前記インバータ(140)の少なくとも1相のブリッジ回路の2つのスイッチング素子(Q3~Q8)について、一方のスイッチング素子を導通させた状態で、他方のスイッチング素子の制御端子電圧を低下させつつ導通と非導通とを切換えることによって前記第1の放電動作を実行する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の車両。
- 前記駆動装置(120)は、
前記コンデンサ(C2)に並列に結合された放電部(186)をさらに含み、
前記放電部(186)は、
直列接続された抵抗器(R10)とスイッチ(Q10)とを有し、
前記放電回路(170)は、前記スイッチ(Q10)を導通状態とすることによって、前記第1の放電動作を実行する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の車両。 - 前記負荷装置は、前記車両(100)の駆動輪(155)に結合されて、前記走行駆動力を発生するための回転電機(150)である、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 搭載された蓄電装置(110)からの電力を用いて走行駆動力を発生することができる車両の制御方法であって、
前記車両(100)は、
負荷装置(150)と、
前記蓄電装置(110)からの電力を変換して前記負荷装置(150)を駆動する駆動装置(120)と、
前記車両(100)の衝突を検出するための衝突検出部(190)とを含み、
前記駆動装置(120)は、
スイッチング素子(Q3~Q8)を有し、前記蓄電装置(110)からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記負荷装置(150)を駆動するためのインバータ(140)と、
前記インバータ(140)の直流側端子に接続されたコンデンサ(C2)と、
前記駆動装置(120)内で前記コンデンサ(C2)の残留電荷を消費させる第1の放電動作を行なうための放電回路(170)とを有し、
前記制御方法は、
前記衝突検出部(190)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検知された場合に、前記放電回路(170)によって前記第1の放電動作を行なうステップと、
前記衝突検出部(190)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検知された場合に、前記コンデンサ(C2)の電圧が予め定められたしきい値を上回る場合は、前記負荷装置(150)に通電して前記コンデンサ(C2)の残留電荷を放電させる第2の放電動作を実行するように前記インバータ(140)を制御するステップとを備える、車両の制御方法。
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JPWO2019159580A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-15 | 2020-12-10 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5794301B2 (ja) | 2015-10-14 |
CN103561993A (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
DE112011105295B4 (de) | 2017-02-09 |
CN103561993B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
JPWO2012164680A1 (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
US9043066B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 |
US20140095005A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
DE112011105295T5 (de) | 2014-03-13 |
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