WO2012152060A1 - 一种抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物 - Google Patents

一种抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物 Download PDF

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WO2012152060A1
WO2012152060A1 PCT/CN2012/000600 CN2012000600W WO2012152060A1 WO 2012152060 A1 WO2012152060 A1 WO 2012152060A1 CN 2012000600 W CN2012000600 W CN 2012000600W WO 2012152060 A1 WO2012152060 A1 WO 2012152060A1
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condensate
component
micropitting
lubricating oil
phosphate
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PCT/CN2012/000600
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English (en)
French (fr)
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伏喜胜
华秀菱
张�杰
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中国石油天然气股份有限公司
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Priority to US14/116,090 priority Critical patent/US9347016B2/en
Publication of WO2012152060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012152060A1/zh

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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/10Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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    • C10M2205/00Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066Thiocarbamic type compounds
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    • C10M2219/10Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106Thiadiazoles
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    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2223/04Phosphate esters
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    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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    • C10M2223/043Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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    • C10M2223/047Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
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    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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    • C10N2030/24Emulsion properties
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, and more particularly to a lubricating oil composition for a wind power generation gear transmission system, and belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil.
  • Micropitting are typical contact fatigue failures and are common failure modes of gears. Micropitting is a fine rolling contact fatigue and wear. It often occurs on hardened, hardened steel hardened gear tooth faces, usually in rolling and sliding contact, thin oil film conditions.
  • micropitting has attracted attention as a new type of tooth surface fatigue wear, which usually occurs in mechanical parts subjected to alternating loads such as cams, gears and rolling bearings. Many large industrial transmission machinery and some automotive transmission machinery have failed due to micropitting problems. Micropitting problems are particularly important in industrial applications such as wind power generation. Micropitting affects the accuracy of the tooth, resulting in increased noise and vibration, which reduces the life of the gear. According to incomplete statistics, the annual demand for micro-pitting industrial gear oil in the country is about 3,000 tons, and this demand is still growing.
  • the new generation of gear oils requires oils with wider service temperatures and longer service life; more excellent extreme pressure and wear resistance, better anti-friction and energy-saving characteristics; this is because with the rapid development of the gear industry, industrial gear oils
  • One of the reasons for being an important component in gear design The lubrication conditions of the equipment have changed, and the industrial gearbox has developed toward greater power, greater load and smaller volume, and the working environment is damp. The increase of the load increases the contact pressure between the tooth surface and the wear and pitting between the metal and the metal. The volume of the gear box becomes smaller, which leads to an increase in the temperature of the oil. The wet working conditions lead to increased corrosion of the bearing.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an anti-micropitting industrial gear lubricating oil composition, which has excellent high and low temperature performance, micropitting resistance, antiwear property, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and can satisfy wind power generation gears. Lubrication of the drive system, outstanding features are excellent resistance to micropitting.
  • the present invention carefully selects each base oil component and additive component in the lubricating oil composition, and performs the interaction relationship between each component oil, each component functional additive, and the base oil and the additive.
  • a comprehensive systematic study focused on the micropitting resistance, antiwear performance and oxidation resistance of the lubricating oil composition in order to achieve the lubrication of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention to meet the wind power gear transmission system.
  • the gear oil composition formulated by the invention has excellent high and low temperature performance, micropitting resistance, antiwear property, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and the product satisfies the industries of 68, 100, 150, 220, 320, 460, 680 Gear oil viscosity grade requirements, well passed FVA 54 micro-pitting test, FAG FE-8 bearing wear test and SKF EMC0R bearing corrosion test, to meet the lubrication of wind power gear transmission system.
  • the product has low production cost and outstanding resistance to micropitting, and it can produce good economic and social benefits in the field of wind power generation.
  • the lubricating oil composition is convenient to be formulated, has excellent performance, and has broad application prospects.
  • micropitting resistant industrial gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprising: (A) at least one deep refined mineral oil, or a synthetic oil, or any combination of the above components; and (B) at least one anti-micro Pitting additive; (C) at least one antiwear additive; (D) at least one metal passivation additive; (E) to One less antioxidant additive.
  • Said (A) is a deep refined mineral oil, or a synthetic oil, or any combination of the above components, said lubricating oil composition comprising (A) component 88.00 to 98.79 wt%; said (B) a dimercapto dithiophosphate, or a mercaptophosphoric acid amine salt, or a meta-diphosphonate, or a mixture of any combination thereof, the lubricating oil composition containing (B) component 0.2 to 5.0 wt% Said (C) is tridecyl phosphate, or triaryl phosphate, or trialkyl phosphorothioate, or triaryl phosphorothioate, or a mixture of any combination thereof, said lubricating oil combination
  • the component (C) contains 0.5 to 3.0 wt%; the (D) is a benzotriazole decylamine formaldehyde condensate, or a thiadiazole alkyl thiol hydrogen peroxide conden
  • the anti-micropitting industrial gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises: (A) at least one deep refined mineral oil, or a synthetic oil, or any combination of the above components; and (B) at least one An anti-micropitting additive; (C) at least one antiwear additive; (D) at least one metal passivation additive; (E) at least one antioxidant additive.
  • (A) is a solvent deep refined mineral oil, or an isomerized dewaxing hydrogenated deep refined mineral oil, or a polya-olefin synthetic oil, or an ester synthetic oil, or any combination of the above components
  • Said lubricating oil composition, containing a suitable content of (A) component is 88.00 - 98.48wt%;
  • the component (B) is preferably diisopropyl dithiophosphate, or isopropyl isooctyl dithiophosphate, or diisohexyl dithiophosphate, or diisooctyl dithiophosphate.
  • Phosphate or diisopropyl phosphate octadecyl salt, or isopropyl isooctyl phosphate octadecyl salt, or diisohexyl phosphate octadecyl salt, or diisooctyl phosphate octadecylamine Salt, or diisopropyl bisphosphonate, or isopropenyl bisphosphonate, or diisohexyl bisphosphonate, or diisooctyl bisphosphonate, or a mixture of any combination thereof, group
  • the suitable content of the component (B) in the lubricating oil composition is 0.3 to 5.0% by weight;
  • the component (C) is preferably tricresyl phosphate, or triphenyl thiophosphate, or tributyl phosphate, or tributyl thiophosphate, or trioctyl phosphate, or trioctyl thiophosphate, Or phosphoric acid three (twelve) a mercaptoester, or a tris(d)decyl thiophosphate, or a mixture of any combination thereof, the component (C) is suitably present in the lubricating oil composition in an amount of from 0.6 to 3.0% by weight;
  • the component (D) is preferably a benzotriazole di-n-butylamine formaldehyde condensate, or a benzotriazole dioctylamine formaldehyde condensate, or a thiadiazole lauryl thiol hydrogen peroxide condensate, or a thiadipine
  • the octadecyl mercaptan hydroperoxide condensate, or a mixture of any combination thereof, the suitable content of component (D) in the lubricating oil composition is 0.02 to 1.0 wt%;
  • the (E) component is preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, or N-phenyl-a-naphthylamine and di-n-butyldiphenylamine condensate, or N-phenyl-a-naphthalene.
  • Amine and butyloctyldiphenylamine condensate or N-phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine and butyl-decyldiphenylamine condensate, or hydrazine-phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine and dioctyldiphenylamine condensate, or hydrazine - phenyl-ex-naphthylamine and dinonyldiphenylamine condensate, or di-n-butyldithiocarbamate, or di-n-octyldithiocarbamate, or di-n-decyl
  • the dithiocarbamate, or a mixture of any combination thereof has a suitable content of the component ( ⁇ ) in the lubricating oil composition of from 0.6 to 3.0% by weight.
  • the above anti-micropitting industrial gear lubricating oil composition is prepared by first adding a proportioned amount of the component oil (A) to a stainless steel mixing kettle with a stirrer, followed by a proportional The amount of anti-micropitting additive (B), anti-wear additive (C), metal passivation additive (D), anti-oxidation additive (E) is added to the blending kettle, and the temperature is raised to 50-60 ° C for 4 hours. , until the mixture is even and transparent.
  • Figure 1 is a photograph of the surface of the roller of the composition (IV) Oh,
  • Figure 2 is a photograph of the surface of the roller of the comparative oil Oh
  • Figure 3 is a photo of the roller surface of composition (IV) 4h
  • Figure 4 is a photograph of the surface of the roller for 4h of comparative oil.
  • Figure 5 is a photograph of the surface of the roller of the composition (IV) for 5 hours.
  • Figure 6 is a photograph of the surface of the roller for 5 hours of comparative oil.
  • Lubricating oil composition (I) which comprises: 93. 78% by weight of solvent deep refined mineral oil HVIS 500SN (see Table 1 for properties) (component A); 5. Owt% of diisohexyl dithiophosphate (group) Part B); 0. 60wt% tributyl phosphate (component 0; 0. 02 1% benzotriazole dioctylamine formaldehyde condensate (component D); 0. 60wt% of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl ⁇ The lubricating oil composition (II) in addition to the component (B) 5.
  • Owt% of diisohexyl dithiophosphate was 5.0% by weight of diisohexyl phosphate 18 ⁇ Owt / / of the diisohexyl dithiophosphate was 5. Owt ° /.
  • the composition (I) is the same as that of the diisohexyl bisphosphonate.
  • the main properties and properties of the compositions (I), (II) and (III) are shown in Table 2.
  • the anti-micropitting additive diisohexyl phosphate octadecylamine has better pitting resistance than diisohexyl dithiophosphate and diisohexyl diphosphonate.
  • Lubricating oil composition (IV) which comprises: 82.875 wt% of polya-olefin synthetic oil PAO100 (see Table 3 for properties), 14.625 wt% of ester synthetic oil (see Table 4 for properties) (component VIII); ⁇ % diisooctyl p-diphosphonate, 0.1 wt% diisooctyl phosphate octadecyl salt, 0.4 wt% isopropyl isooctyl dithiophosphate (component 8); 0.5 ⁇ % triphenyl thiophosphate (component C); thiadiazole decyl thiol hydrogen peroxide condensate (component D) of 0.05 wt ° / c»; 0.30 wt% of 2, 6-di uncle Butyl p-cresol, 0.40 wt% N-phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine and dinonyldiphenylamine condensate
  • PA010 PA0100
  • Indicators Measured values Indicators Measured values Appearance Clear and clear Transparent clear Bright clear Clear clear Kinematic viscosity, 100°C mmVs 9 ⁇ 11 10.52 97- 115 100.1
  • Table 5 and Figure 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 MPR simulated micropitting test results show that weight loss: after 4h, 5h test, the two rolls lost recombinant (IV) is slightly lower than the comparative oil. Width change: group The change in roll width after the compound (IV) test was slightly lower than that of the comparative oil.
  • Oh composition (IV) is the same as the surface of the comparative oil roller (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). From the micrographs (Fig. 3, Fig. 4) after the 4h test, the micropitting area of the roller is basically the same, but There is a scratch on the surface of the oil. From the micrographs (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) after the 5h test, the micropitting area of the composition (IV) was substantially the same as the micropitting area of the comparative oil.
  • Example 3 the micropitting resistance of the composition (IV) is close to that of the comparative oil.
  • the invention is mainly evaluated in the laboratory by MPR micropitting simulation test.
  • the MPR micropitting simulation test machine is a test machine specially designed to generate micropitting or pitting under specific simulated test conditions, and is especially suitable for simulating the contact condition of moving parts of gears and rolling bearings. Due to the design requirements, the test machine can achieve 1 million fatigue contact per hour, which greatly shortens the test time. The influence of additive composition on pitting and micropitting can be investigated.
  • the simulated micropitting test is divided into four stages. The load from stage 1 to stage 4 is increased step by step. Each stage is operated for 1h, and the test roller wear condition is evaluated after 4h, and then the wear of the roller is evaluated after repeating stage 4 (lh). .
  • the final evaluation can be used in three aspects: (1) Weight loss, weighing the test rolls at 0h, 4h, 5h, and observing the weight loss; (2) Roll width change, the width of the new test roll is 1 followed by the micro point after the test Eclipse wear causes an increase in width, The changes of the roll width at 0h, 4h, and 5h were observed. (3) Microscopic photographs were observed under the microscope for micropitting wear on the surface of the rolls at 0h, 4h, and 5h.
  • the FVA micropitting test bench is a test device developed by the FZG Gear Research Center of the Technical University of Kunststoff, Germany, and is mainly used for the evaluation of the performance of lubricants and materials.
  • the micropitting test method was also developed by the FZG Gear Research Center, which is now part of the German Mechanical Manufacturers Association Power Transmission Committee (FVA), method number FVA 54/ 1- IV.
  • the FE-8 bearing wear test bench is mainly used for the evaluation of wear performance of lubricating oils, greases and their additives, and also for the wear properties of bearing materials.
  • This test method is now part of the German national standard and the method number is DIN 51819.
  • the SKF EMC0R test bench was developed by SKF Sweden to evaluate the rust resistance of greases and lubricants. According to the application environment of lubricating grease, there are three kinds of test liquids: distilled water or deionized water, synthetic seawater and synthetic brine. The test was carried out at room temperature and without load at a low speed cycle. The total test time was 164 h to determine the corrosion resistance of the rolling bearing.
  • Test items Test results Detection basis Kinematic viscosity (40 ° C), mmVs 63. 39
  • Viscosity index 134 GB/T 1995-1998 Pour point, °c -39 GB/T 3535-2006 Flash point (opening), . c 267 GB/T 3536-2008 Moisture, %(m/m) Trace GB/T 260-1977 (1988) Mechanical impurities, %(m/m) 0. 003 GB/T 511-1988 Copper corrosion (100° CX 3h), grade lb GB/T 5096-1985 (1991) Demulsibility (82 °C), water in oil, % 0. 8
  • Emulsified layer mL trace GB/T 8022-1987 Total water distribution, mL 82.
  • Micropitting failure load grade >10 FZG FVA54/ I-IV Micropitting capacity is high.
  • Table 6 shows that the product of the invention has passed the FVA 54 micropitting test and FAG FE-8 bearing wear. Test and SKF EMC0R bearing corrosion test to meet the lubrication of wind power gear transmission system.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

一种抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种润滑油组合物, 尤其是一种用于风力发电齿轮传动*** 润滑油组合物, 属于润滑油技术领域。
背景技术
点蚀及微点蚀是一种典型的接触疲劳破坏, 是齿轮常见的失效形式。 微 点蚀是细微的滚动接触疲劳和磨损, 它经常发生在磨削、 硬质钢的表面硬化 齿轮齿面上, 通常在滚动和滑动接触、 油膜较薄的条件下出现。
近十年来, 微点蚀作为一种新型的齿面疲劳磨损而受到关注, 它通常发 生在凸轮、 齿轮和滚动轴承等受交变负荷的机械零件中。 由于微点蚀问题导 致许多大型工业传动机械和一些汽车传动机械失效。 微点蚀问题在风力发电 等工业应用中显得尤为重要。 微点蚀会影响齿牙的准确性, 导致噪音增加和 引起振动, 从而减少齿轮的使用寿命。 据不完全统计, 全国每年对抗微点蚀 工业齿轮油的需求量大约在 3000吨左右, 此需求还在不断增长中。
新一代齿轮油要求油品具有更宽的使用温度、 更长的使用寿命; 更优异 的极压抗磨性、 更好减摩节能特性; 这是因为随着齿轮工业的高速发展, 工 业齿轮油已被作为齿轮设计的一个重要零部件, 原因之一: 设备润滑工况发 生了变化, 工业齿轮箱朝着更大的动力、 更大的载荷和较小的体积方向发展, 并且工作环境潮湿。 其中载荷的增大,增加了齿面接触压力和金属与金属之间 磨损和点蚀, 齿轮箱体积的变小导致油品温度的升高, 潮湿的工作条件导致 轴承腐蚀加剧。 其二: 齿轮油在润滑齿轮的同时也要确保轴承的润滑。 这些 变化对工业齿轮油抗磨性能、 承载能力、 抗微点蚀性能和热稳定性以及抗腐 蚀性能提出了更高的要求。 体现这些变化的规格主要以德国标准 DIN51517和 OEM 的 Flender规格(工业齿轮箱制造商)最具代表性, 规格中增加了 FVA 54 抗微点蚀试验以及 FAG FE-8轴承磨损试验。
目前国外齿轮 OEM对工业齿轮油的需求不仅仅停留在现有 CKD重负荷工 业齿轮油的基础上, 而是在现有工业齿轮油相关标准的基础上都增添了抗微 点蚀的试验。 越来越多的齿轮生产厂家, 在其研制的设备上要求使用抗微点 蚀的工业齿轮油, 该类油品目前仅有一家国外公司有相应的产品, 但对抗微 点蚀的工业齿轮油的配方组成严格保密, 通过国内外专利査询, 未发现与本 微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物可满足风力发电齿轮传动***的润滑, 是一种 性能优良、 技术难度大、 针对性强的工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 而且与国外同 类产品相比具有更好的抗磨性、 抗腐蚀性、 抗氧化性和抗微点蚀性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是: 提供一种抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 具有优良 的高低温性能、 抗微点蚀性能、 抗磨性能、 抗腐蚀性能及抗氧化性能, 可满 足风力发电齿轮传动***的润滑, 突出的特点是优异的抗微点蚀性能。
本发明为实现上述目的, 对润滑油组合物中的各基础油组分、 添加剂组 分进行精心选择, 并对各组分油、 各组分功能添加剂以及基础油与添加剂间 的相互作用关系进行了全面***的研究, 把润滑油组合物的抗微点蚀性能、 抗磨性能和抗氧化性能作为研究的重点, 以期达到本发明的润滑油组合物满 足风力发电齿轮传动***的润滑。
本发明调配的齿轮油组合物, 具有优良的高低温性能、 抗微点蚀性能、 抗磨性能、 抗腐蚀性能和抗氧化性能, 产品满足 68、 100、 150、 220、 320、 460、 680工业齿轮油粘度级别要求,很好地通过了 FVA 54抗微点蚀试验、 FAG FE-8轴承磨损试验及 SKF EMC0R轴承腐蚀试验, 可满足风力发电齿轮传动系 统的润滑。 该产品生产成本低, 抗微点蚀性能突出, 应用于风力发电领域可 产生很好的经济效益与社会效益。 该润滑油组合物调配方便, 性能优良, 有 广阔的推广应用前景。
本发明的抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 它含有: (A ) 至少一种深精 制矿物油, 或合成油, 或以上组分的任意组合物; 和(B )至少一种抗微点蚀 添加剂; (C ) 至少一种抗磨添加剂; (D ) 至少一种金属钝化添加剂; (E ) 至 少一种抗氧化添加剂。 所说的 (A) 为深精制矿物油, 或合成油, 或以上组分 的任意组合物, 所说的润滑油组合物含(A)组分 88.00~98.79wt%; 所说的 (B)为二垸基二硫代磷酸酯, 或垸基磷酸酯胺盐, 或间二膦酸酯, 或它们任 意组合的混合物,所说的润滑油组合物含(B)组分 0.2~5.0wt%; 所说的(C) 为磷酸三垸基酯, 或磷酸三芳基酯, 或三烷基硫代磷酸酯, 或三芳基硫代磷 酸酯, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 所说的润滑油组合物含(C) 组分 0.5~ 3.0wt%; 所说的(D)为苯***二垸基胺甲醛缩合物, 或噻二唑烷基硫醇过氧 化氢缩合物, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 所说的润滑油组合物含(D)组分 0.01~1.0wt%; 所说的 (E)为 2、 6-二叔丁基对甲酚, 或 N-苯基 -ex-萘胺和 二垸基二苯胺缩合物, 或二垸基二硫代氨基甲酸酯, 或它们任意组合的混合 物, 所说的润滑油组合物含(E)组分 0.5~3.0wt%。
更进一步, 本发明的抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 它含有: (A) 至 少一种深精制矿物油, 或合成油, 或以上组分的任意组合物; 和(B)至少一 种抗微点蚀添加剂; (C) 至少一种抗磨添加剂; (D) 至少一种金属钝化添加 剂; (E) 至少一种抗氧化添加剂。
其中所说的 (A)是溶剂深精制矿物油, 或异构脱蜡加氢深精制矿物油, 或聚 a-烯烃合成油, 或酯类合成油, 或以上组分的任意组合物, 所说的润滑 油组合物, 含 ( A)组分的适宜含量为 88.00 - 98.48wt%;
(B)组分较适宜的是二异丙基二硫代磷酸酯, 或异丙基异辛基二硫代磷 酸酯, 或二异己基二硫代磷酸酯, 或二异辛基二硫代磷酸酯, 或二异丙基磷 酸酯十八胺盐, 或异丙基异辛基磷酸酯十八胺盐, 或二异己基磷酸酯十八胺 盐, 或二异辛基磷酸酯十八胺盐, 或间二膦酸二异丙酯, 或间二膦酸异丙异 辛酯, 或间二膦酸二异己酯, 或间二膦酸二异辛酯, 或它们任意组合的混合 物, 组分(B)在润滑油组合物中的适宜含量为 0.3~5.0wt%;
(C)组分较适宜的是磷酸三甲酚酯, 或硫代磷酸三苯酯, 或磷酸三丁酯, 或硫代磷酸三丁酯, 或磷酸三辛酯, 或硫代磷酸三辛酯, 或磷酸三 (十二) 垸基酯, 或硫代磷酸三(十二)垸基酯, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 组分(C) 在润滑油组合物中的适宜含量为 0.6~3.0wt%;
(D)组分较适宜的是苯***二正丁胺甲醛缩合物, 或苯***二辛胺甲醛 缩合物, 或噻二唑十二烷基硫醇过氧化氢缩合物, 或噻二唑十八烷基硫醇过 氧化氢缩合物, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 组分(D)在润滑油组合物中的适 宜含量为 0.02~ 1.0wt%;
(E)组分较适宜的是 2、 6-二叔丁基对甲酚, 或 N-苯基 -a-萘胺和二正丁 基二苯胺缩合物, 或 N-苯基 -a-萘胺和丁基辛基二苯胺缩合物, 或 N-苯基- α-萘胺和丁基壬基二苯胺缩合物,或 Ν-苯基 -α-萘胺和二辛基二苯胺缩合物, 或 Ν-苯基 -ex-萘胺和二壬基二苯胺缩合物, 或二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸酯, 或二正辛基二硫代氨基甲酸酯, 或二正十二垸基二硫代氨基甲酸酯, 或它们 任意组合的混合物, 组分(Ε)在润滑油组合物中的适宜含量为 0.6~3.0wt%。
制法: 上述抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物的制备方法是: 先将按比例 所需量的组分油(A)加入带搅拌器的不锈钢调合釜内, 其次将按比例所需量 的抗微点蚀添加剂 (B)、 抗磨添加剂 (C)、 金属钝化添加剂 (D)、 抗氧化添 加剂(E)加入到调合釜中, 升温至 50~60°C下搅拌 4小时, 至混合物均匀透 明。
附图说明
图 1为组合物 (IV) Oh的辊子表面照片,
图 2为对比油 Oh的辊子表面照片,
图 3为组合物 (IV) 4h的辊子表面照片
图 4为对比油 4h的辊子表面照片,
图 5为组合物 (IV) 5h的辊子表面照片,
图 6为对比油 5h的辊子表面照片。
具体实施方式
本发明的效果通过下面的实施例进一步说明。 但应明白, 下面的实施例 不是限制本发明的范围, 任何不超出本发明构思和范围的改动, 都在本发明 的范围之内。
实施例 1 :
润滑油组合物( I ), 它包括: 93. 78wt%的溶剂深精制矿物油 HVIS 500SN (性质见表 1 ) (组分 A); 5. Owt%的二异己基二硫代磷酸酯(组分 B); 0. 60wt% 磷酸三甲酚酯(组分 0; 0. 02 1%的苯***二辛胺甲醛缩合物(组分 D ); 0. 60wt% 的 2、 6-二叔丁基对甲酚(组分 E )。 润滑油组合物 ( II )除组分(B ) 5. Owt% 的二异己基二硫代磷酸酯被 5. 0^%的二异己基磷酸酯十八胺盐替代外, 其余 均同组合物 ( I )。 润滑油组合物 (ΠΙ ) 除组份(B ) 5. Owt»/。的二异己基二硫 代磷酸酯被 5. Owt°/。的间二膦酸二异己酯替代外, 其余均同组合物( I )。 组合 物 ( I )、 ( II )、 ( III ) 的主要性质、 性能表 2中。
表 1 HVIS 500SN主要性质
Figure imgf000007_0001
表 2 组合物主要性质、 性能
Figure imgf000008_0001
从表中可以看出: 抗微点蚀添加剂二异己基磷酸酯十八胺盐的抗点蚀性 能好于二异己基二硫代磷酸酯和间二膦酸二异己酯。
实施例 2:
润滑油组合物 (IV), 它包括: 82.875wt%的聚 a-烯烃合成油 PAO100 (性 质见表 3), 14.625wt%的酯类合成油 (性质见表 4) (组分八);0.5\^%的间二膦 酸二异辛酯, 0.1wt%二异辛基磷酸酯十八胺盐, 0.4 wt%异丙基异辛基二硫代 磷酸酯 (组分 8);0.5\^%硫代磷酸三苯酯 (组分 C);0.05wt°/c»的噻二唑十二垸基 硫醇过氧化氢缩合物(组分 D); 0.30wt%的 2、 6-二叔丁基对甲酚, 0.40wt%N- 苯基 -α-萘胺和二壬基二苯胺缩合物,0.25wt%二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸酯(组 分 E)。 润滑油组合物 (IV)评价结果见表 5。
PA010, PA0100的主要性质
PA010 PA0100
项 目
指标 实测值 指标 实测值 外观 透明清亮 透明清亮 透明清亮 透明清亮 运动粘度, 100°C mmVs 9~ 11 10.52 97- 115 100.1
4Q'C mmVs 报告 70.84 1200- 1540 1241 粘度指数 不低于 120 135 不低于 120 167 倾点, 'c 不高于 -45 < -45 不高于- 2 1 -27 闪点 (开口), "C 不低于 200 245 不低于 270 284 机械杂质, % 不大于 0. 01 0. 001 不大于 0. 05 0. 005 水分, % 不大于痕迹 痕迹 不大于痕迹 痕迹 酯类油的主要性质
Figure imgf000009_0001
表 5和图 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6 MPR模拟微点蚀试验结果表明, 失重: 4h、 5h试验后两个辊子失重组合物(IV )略低于对比油基本相当。 宽度变化: 组 合物(IV)试验后的辊子宽度变化略低于对比油。 显微镜下观察: Oh组合物 ( IV ) 与对比油辊子表面一样(图 1、 图 2), 从 4h试验后的显微镜照片 (图 3、 图 4)看, 辊子的微点蚀面积基本相当, 但对比油表面有划痕。 从 5h试验 后的显微镜照片 (图 5、 图 6)看, 组合物(IV) 的微点蚀面积与对比油的微 点蚀面积大小基本一致。
结合以上三方面的分析, 组合物 (IV) 的抗微点蚀性能与对比油的抗微 点蚀性能接近。 实施例 3:
润滑油组合物 ( V ), 它包括: 97.5wt%的聚 a -烯烃合成油 PA010 (性质 见表 3) (性质见表 4) (组分 A); 0.5wt»/。的间二膦酸二异辛酯, 0.1wt»/。二异辛 基磷酸酯十八胺盐, 0.4 wt%异丙基异辛基二硫代磷酸酯 (组分 B); 0.5wt%硫 代磷酸三苯酯 (组分 C); 0.05wt%的噻二唑十二烷基硫醇过氧化氢缩合物 (组 分 D); 0.3(^^的2、 6-二叔丁基对甲酴, 0.40wt% N-苯基 -α-萘胺和二壬基 二苯胺缩合物, 0.25wt。/。二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸酯 (组分 E)。
工业实用性
本发明在实验室主要用 MPR 微点蚀模拟试验进行模拟评定。 MPR微点蚀 模拟试验机是专门用来在特定的模拟试验条件下产生微点蚀或者点蚀的试验 机, 尤其适合于模拟齿轮、 滚动轴承运动部件的接触情况。 该试验机由于设 计的要求, 每小时可实现 100 万次的疲劳接触, 从而大大缩短了试验时间, 可以考察添加剂组成对点蚀、 微点蚀的影响。 模拟微点蚀试验分为 4 个阶段, 从阶段 1 到阶段 4 载荷逐级增加, 每个阶段运转 lh, 4h后评价试验辊子磨损 情况, 然后重复阶段 4 (lh)后再评价辊子的磨损情况。 最后评价可采用三个 方面: (1) 失重, 0h、 4h、 5h 时对试验辊子称重, 观察失重情况; (2)辊子 宽度变化, 新试验辊子的宽度为 1隨, 试验后由于微点蚀磨损造成宽度增加, 观察 0h、 4h、 5h 时的辊子宽度变化情况; (3 ) 显微镜照片,在显微镜下观察 0h、 4h、 5h 的辊子表面的微点蚀磨损情况。
为了评价润滑油组合物, 采用了 FZG微点蚀试验齿轮台架、 FAG FE-8轴 承磨损试验台架、 SKF EMC0R轴承腐蚀试验台架。 FVA微点蚀试验台架是由德 国慕尼黑技术大学 FZG齿轮研究中心开发的试验设备, 主要应用于润滑剂和材 料的使用性能评价。 微点蚀试验方法也是由 FZG齿轮研究中心开发, 该试验方 法现属于德国机械制造商协会动力传动委员会(FVA ) 的标准, 方法号为 FVA 54/ 1- IV。 FE-8轴承磨损试验台架由德国 FAG 轴承公司开发, 主要应用于润滑 油、 润滑脂及其添加剂对磨损性能的评价, 也可以用于轴承材料的磨损性能 的考察。 该试验方法现属于德国国家标准, 方法号为 DIN 51819。 SKF EMC0R 试验台是由瑞典 SKF公司开发的用于评价润滑脂、 润滑油的抗锈蚀性能, 根据 润滑油脂应用环境不同, 有蒸馏水或去离子水、 合成海水、 合成盐水三种试 验液可供选择, 试验在室温、 没有负荷的条件下, 低转速循环运转, 总的试 验时间 164 h ,测定滚动轴承的抗腐蚀性能。
实施例 3润滑油组合物 ( V ), 评价结果见表 6。
表 6 润滑油组合物 ( V )评价结果
检测项目 检测结果 检测依据 运动粘度(40°C) , mmVs 63. 39
GB/T 265-1988 运动粘度(10(TC) , mmVs 9. 619
粘度指数 134 GB/T 1995-1998 倾点, °c -39 GB/T 3535-2006 闪点(开口), 。c 267 GB/T 3536-2008 水分, %(m/m) 痕迹 GB/T 260-1977 (1988) 机械杂质, %(m/m) 0. 003 GB/T 511-1988 铜片腐蚀(100°C X 3h) , 级 lb GB/T 5096-1985 (1991) 抗乳化性(82 °C) , 油中水, % 0. 8
乳化层, mL 痕迹 GB/T 8022-1987 总分水, mL 82. 8 液相锈蚀试验: 合成海水 无锈 CB/T 11143-2008 泡沫性(泡沫倾向 /泡沫稳定性) , mL/mL
24 °C 0/0
GB/T 12579-2002
93. 5 °C 15/ 0
后 24°C 0/ 0
抗乳化性(40- 37- 3) (54 °C) , min 15 GB/T 7305-2003
FZG齿轮机试验(A/8. 3/90), 通过级 〉12 SH/T 0306-1992
SKF EMCOR轴承腐蚀试验
Ό / υ
合成海水 锈蚀级
FE-8轴承磨损试验
滚动体的磨损量, mg 1 DI N 51819-3 保持架的磨损量, mg 32
FVA5 微点蚀试验
微点蚀失效负荷, 级 >10 FZG FVA54/ I-IV 微点蚀承载能力 高 表 6试验结果表明, 本发明的产品很好地通过了 FVA 54抗微点蚀试验、 FAG FE-8轴承磨损试验及 SKF EMC0R轴承腐蚀试验, 可满足风力发电齿轮传 动***的润滑。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 其特征在于它含有:
( A) 至少一种深精制矿物油, 或合成油, 或以上组分的任意组合物,组 合物含组分 ( A) 88.00 ~98.79wt%,
(B)至少一种抗微点蚀添加剂, 为二垸基二硫代磷酸酯, 或烷基磷酸酯 胺盐,或间二膦酸酯,或它们任意组合的混合物,组合物含组分(B)0.2~ 5.0wt%,
(C)至少一种抗磨添加剂, 为磷酸三垸基酯, 或磷酸三芳基酯, 或三烷 基硫代磷酸酯, 或三芳基硫代磷酸酯, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 组合 物含组分(C) 0.5~3.0wt%,
(D)至少一种金属钝化添加剂, 为苯***二烷基胺甲醛缩合物, 或噻二 唑垸基硫醇过氧化氢缩合物, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 组合物含组分
(D) 0.01 ~ 1.0wt%,
(E) 至少一种抗氧化添加剂, 为 2、 6-二叔丁基对甲酚, 或 N-苯基 -α- 萘胺和二垸基二苯胺缩合物, 或二垸基二硫代氨基甲酸酯, 或它们任意 组合的混合物, 组合物含组分(E) 0.5~3.0wt%。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 其特征在于 ( A )组分为溶剂深精制矿物油,或异构脱蜡加氢深精制矿物油,或聚 a- 烯烃合成油, 或酯类合成油, 或以上组分的任意组合物, 含量为 88.00- 98.48wt%。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 其特征在于 (B)组分为二异丙基二硫代磷酸酯, 或异丙基异辛基二硫代磷酸酯, 或 二异己基二硫代磷酸酯, 或二异辛基二硫代磷酸酯, 或二异丙基磷酸酯 十八胺盐, 或异丙基异辛基磷酸酯十八胺盐, 或二异己基磷酸酯十八胺 盐, 或二异辛基磷酸酯十八胺盐, 或间二膦酸二异丙酯, 或间二膦酸异 丙异辛酯, 或间二膦酸二异己酯, 或间二膦酸二异辛酯, 或它们任意组 合的混合物, 含量为 0.3~5.0wt%。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 其特征在于
(C)组分为磷酸三甲酚酯, 或硫代磷酸三苯酯, 或磷酸三丁酯, 或硫代 磷酸三丁酯, 或磷酸三辛酯, 或硫代磷酸三辛酯, 或磷酸三 (十二)垸 基酯, 或硫代磷酸三 (十二)垸基酯, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 含量 为 0.6 ~ 3.0wt%。
5.根据杈利要求 1所述的抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 其特征在于
(D)组分为苯***二正丁胺甲醛缩合物, 或苯***二辛胺甲醛缩合物, 或噻二唑十二烷基硫醇过氧化氢缩合物, 或噻二唑十八烷基硫醇过氧化 氢缩合物, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 含量为 0.02- 1. Owt%。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物, 其特征在于
(E)组分为 2、 6-二叔丁基对甲酚, 或 N-苯基 -α-萘胺和二正丁基二苯 胺缩合物, 或 Ν-苯基 -α-萘胺和丁基辛基二苯胺缩合物, 或 Ν-苯基 -C - 萘胺和丁基壬基二苯胺缩合物, 或 Ν-苯基 -ot-萘胺和二辛基二苯胺缩合 物, 或 N-苯基 -ex-萘胺和二壬基二苯胺缩合物, 或二正丁基二硫代氨基 甲酸酯, 或二正辛基二硫代氨基甲酸酯, 或二正十二烷基二硫代氨基甲 酸酯, 或它们任意组合的混合物, 含量为 0.6~3.0wt%。
PCT/CN2012/000600 2011-05-06 2012-05-04 一种抗微点蚀工业齿轮润滑油组合物 WO2012152060A1 (zh)

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