WO2012140723A1 - 放電加工装置 - Google Patents
放電加工装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012140723A1 WO2012140723A1 PCT/JP2011/059025 JP2011059025W WO2012140723A1 WO 2012140723 A1 WO2012140723 A1 WO 2012140723A1 JP 2011059025 W JP2011059025 W JP 2011059025W WO 2012140723 A1 WO2012140723 A1 WO 2012140723A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- spindle
- contact body
- tool electrode
- workpiece
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/14—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply
- B23H7/18—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply for maintaining or controlling the desired spacing between electrode and workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/26—Apparatus for moving or positioning electrode relatively to workpiece; Mounting of electrode
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric discharge machining apparatus, and more particularly, to an electric discharge machining apparatus having a function for supplementing a positioning operation in general electric discharge machining.
- an electric discharge machining apparatus applies a predetermined voltage between a tool electrode attached to a spindle and a workpiece attached to a work table so that the tool electrode and the workpiece are in contact with each other.
- the positional relationship between the tool electrode and the workpiece is grasped by energization at the time.
- the spindle moves with the voltage applied between the tool electrode and the work piece so that the tool electrode is brought close to the work piece and stops when energization of the tool electrode and the work piece is recognized.
- the numerical control device recognizes a position where energization of the tool electrode and the workpiece is recognized as a position where the tool electrode and the workpiece are in contact with each other.
- the numerical control device misrecognizes the current flow caused by the discharge phenomenon as the contact between the tool electrode and the workpiece, thereby causing the tool electrode and the workpiece to be in contact. It is difficult to grasp the exact positional relationship with the workpiece.
- the discharge phenomenon between the tool electrode and the workpiece is more likely to occur as the applied voltage between the tool electrode and the workpiece is higher.
- the applied voltage between the tool electrode and the work piece is made as low as possible to suppress the discharge phenomenon, and the tool electrode and the work piece are physically It is desirable to generate electricity at the limit of contact.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus may use a measuring element called a reference sphere arranged at an arbitrary position of the main shaft or the workpiece.
- the electrical discharge machining device is used to position the workpiece by energizing the workpiece and the workpiece attached to the spindle after the probe is energized instead of the tool electrode or workpiece, and attached to the workpiece.
- the tool electrode is positioned by energizing the probe and the tool electrode.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus tends to obtain a more accurate positional relationship by suppressing the applied voltage between the tool electrode and the workpiece to, for example, several volts to several tens of volts.
- the higher the electrical resistance of the deposits and the lower the applied voltage the worse the conductivity. If an adhering substance is present in contact with the tool electrode, workpiece or measuring element, the tool electrode, workpiece or measuring element may be scratched or indented.
- the main shaft may once detect energization and then move in the direction opposite to the movement direction so far, and repeat or repeat the operation for detecting contact by energization.
- the moving speed of the spindle is reduced, the error due to the transient response can be reduced, while the time required for the positioning operation becomes longer.
- the moving speed of the spindle is increased, vibration and elastic deformation may occur depending on the shape and rigidity of the tool electrode, workpiece or measuring element, and accurate position information may not be obtained. For this reason, it is also considered that the electric discharge machining apparatus appropriately limits the moving speed of the main shaft for detecting contact by energization.
- the table surface plate is an insulator or when the electrical resistance of the workpiece is high, detection of contact of the tool electrode, workpiece or probe due to energization may not function effectively. Further, there may be a case where the worker cannot recognize that the detection of contact by energization does not function due to electric resistance or the like, or the mechanism for detecting contact does not function due to a failure. If the positioning operation is continued in such a case, the tool electrode, the jig such as the probe, the apparatus main body, and the workpiece may be damaged.
- the spindle overload leads to a failure of the main body of the apparatus, the work may be interrupted or re-executed automatically or by a forced stop by an operation corresponding to an alarm.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and can reduce damage to jigs such as tool electrodes and measuring elements, apparatus main bodies, and workpieces due to positioning operations, and sufficiently suppress defects that may occur due to abnormalities.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain an electric discharge machining apparatus that can perform the above-described process.
- the present invention uses either the tool electrode attached to the spindle and the probe attached in place of the tool electrode as the first contact body and the tool electrode.
- the first contact body and the second contact body are energized between the first contact body and the first contact body, and any one of the workpiece to be processed and the measuring element attached to the workpiece is used as the first contact body.
- a contact detection unit that detects contact between the contact body and the second contact body, and a spindle drive control unit that controls driving of the spindle, and based on a detection result by the contact detection unit, the tool electrode and the workpiece
- An electrical discharge machining apparatus that recognizes a positional relationship between objects, in a non-contact stage before the first contact body and the second contact body are in contact with each other, the first contact body and the Second connection
- the spindle drive has at least one of a non-contact position detector that outputs a detection signal when the remaining distance between the bodies reaches a preset distance, and a load detector that detects a load applied to the spindle
- the control unit determines that the amount of movement of the spindle after the non-contact position detection unit outputs the detection signal exceeds the remaining distance and that the load detection unit detects an overload. In such a case, the movement of the spindle is stopped in at least one of them.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus damages tool electrodes, jigs such as a probe, the apparatus main body, and a workpiece when a failure occurs in the contact detection function due to energization or when a detection delay occurs. Reduce.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus can suppress the occurrence of secondary problems that may occur due to abnormalities such as damage to jigs such as tool electrodes and measuring elements, apparatus main bodies, and jigs of workpieces.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus can reduce the interruption and rework of the work due to the forced stop by making it possible to eliminate the overload of the spindle in advance or instantaneously.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for controlling the driving of the spindle in the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the positioning operation by the electric discharge machining apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the tool electrode is moved toward the workpiece.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the distance between the workpiece and the tool electrode is a preset remaining distance.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the tool electrode collides with the workpiece.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for controlling the driving of the spindle in the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the spindle movement and the load detection value when the tool electrode collides with the workpiece.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for controlling the driving of the spindle in the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the positioning operation by the electric discharge machining apparatus.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining the movement of the tool electrode in the case of the comparative example of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram for explaining the movement of the tool electrode in the case of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between approach speed and position information error due to transient response.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the transient response.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between approach speed and position information error due to transient response.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for controlling the driving of the spindle in the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of data stored in the overload determination threshold database.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the electric discharge machining apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 includes a main shaft 11, a power supply control device 12, a numerical control device 13, a drive device 14, a machining tank 15, and a tool electrode 16.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 performs electric discharge machining by supplying a machining liquid to a machining gap between a tool electrode 16 attached to the spindle 11 and a workpiece 17 installed in a machining tank 15.
- the driving device 14 drives the spindle 11 in accordance with control by the numerical control device 13.
- the power supply control device 12 controls a power supply that supplies power between the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for controlling the driving of the spindle in the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 applies a predetermined voltage between a tool electrode 16 that is a first contact body attached to the main shaft 11 and a workpiece 17 that is a second contact body.
- the numerical control device 13 recognizes the positional relationship between the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 by energization when the workpiece 17 comes into contact.
- the case where the tool electrode 16 is used as the first contact body attached to the main shaft 11 and the workpiece 17 serving as the second contact body is positioned is taken as an example.
- a probe attached in place of the tool electrode 16 may be used.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 may use a probe attached to an arbitrary position of the workpiece 17 as the second contact body.
- a reference sphere or the like is used as the measuring element.
- the numerical control device 13 includes an energization detection input unit 22, a first stop determination unit 23, a non-contact position detection input unit 25, a second stop determination unit 26, a load detection input unit 28, a third stop determination unit 29, It has a spindle drive control unit 30, a coordinate position storage unit 31, and an abnormal state display unit 32.
- the energization detection sensor 21 functions as a contact detection unit that detects contact between the first contact body and the second contact body by energization between the first contact body and the second contact body.
- the energization detection input unit 22 receives an input of a detection result from the energization detection sensor 21.
- the first stop determination unit 23 determines whether to stop the movement of the spindle 11 according to the detection result input to the energization detection input unit 22.
- the numerical control device 13 recognizes the positional relationship between the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 based on the detection result by the energization detection sensor 21.
- the non-contact position detection sensor 24 When the non-contact position detection sensor 24 has a preset remaining distance between the first contact body and the second contact body in the non-contact stage before the first contact body and the second contact body contact each other. It functions as a non-contact position detector that outputs a detection signal.
- the non-contact position detection input unit 25 receives an input of a detection signal from the non-contact position detection sensor 24.
- the second stop determination unit 26 determines whether to stop the movement of the spindle 11 according to whether or not a detection signal is input to the non-contact position detection input unit 25.
- the drive unit 27 drives the spindle 11 in accordance with control by the spindle drive control unit 30. Further, the drive unit 27 functions as a load detection unit that detects a load applied to the main shaft 11.
- the load detection input unit 28 receives an input of a detection result from the drive unit 27.
- the third stop determination unit 29 determines whether to stop the movement of the spindle 11 according to the detection result input to the load detection input unit 28.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 controls the drive unit 27.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 determines that one of the first stop determination unit 23, the second stop determination unit 26, and the third stop determination unit 29 stops the movement of the spindle 11, The movement of the spindle 11 is stopped.
- the coordinate position storage unit 31 stores the coordinates of the position where contact between the first contact body and the second contact body is detected.
- the abnormal state display unit 32 determines that at least one of the second stop determination unit 26 and the third stop determination unit 29 stops the movement of the spindle 11, there is an abnormality in the contact detection function by energization. The occurrence is notified by display.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the positioning operation by the electric discharge machining apparatus.
- the operator sets an overload determination threshold when starting the positioning operation by the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 (step S10).
- the overload determination threshold is used as a reference for overload determination in the third stop determination unit 29.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 moves the spindle 11 to the measurement start position (step S11).
- the spindle drive control unit 30 brings the tool electrode 16 closer to the workpiece 17 at a predetermined approach speed from the measurement start position, and starts positioning of the end surface of the workpiece 17 (step S12).
- the spindle drive control unit 30 moves the tool electrode 16 closer to the movement direction A toward the end surface 19 of the workpiece 17.
- the non-contact position detection sensor 24 includes, for example, an emission unit that emits light and a light detection unit that detects light.
- an emission unit that emits light
- a light detection unit that detects light.
- the second stop determination unit 26 starts from the point in time when the detection signal is input to the non-contact position detection input unit 25.
- the amount of movement of the spindle 11 is monitored (step S14).
- the numerical controller 13 continues the movement of the main spindle 11 and the non-contact position detection input unit from the non-contact position detection sensor 24. The input of the detection signal to 25 is waited.
- the first stop determination unit 23 determines whether or not a detection signal is input from the energization detection sensor 21 to the energization detection input unit 22 in step S15. When a detection signal is input to the energization detection input unit 22 (step S15, Yes), the first stop determination unit 23 determines to stop the movement of the spindle 11.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 stops the movement of the spindle 11 according to the determination result by the first stop determination unit 23.
- the numerical controller 13 completes the positioning operation by the coordinate position storage unit 31 storing the coordinates of the position where the contact between the workpiece 17 and the tool electrode 16 is detected (step S16). Thereby, the electrical discharge machining apparatus 1 ends the processing of the positioning operation.
- the second stop determination unit 26 determines whether the movement amount of the spindle 11 from the monitoring start at Step S14 exceeds the remaining distance L. Is determined (step S17).
- the second stop determination unit 26 determines that the amount of movement of the main shaft 11 has exceeded the remaining distance L (Yes in step S17), the second stop determination unit 26 stops the movement of the main shaft 11 because an abnormality has occurred in the contact detection function due to energization. Judgment to be made is made.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 stops the movement of the spindle 11 according to the determination result by the second stop determination unit 26.
- the abnormal state display unit 32 displays that an abnormality has occurred in the contact detection function by energization (step S18). Thereby, the electrical discharge machining apparatus 1 ends the processing of the positioning operation.
- the tool electrode 16 reaches the end face 19 when the amount of movement of the spindle 11 coincides with the remaining distance L.
- a case in which the amount of movement of the spindle 11 exceeds the remaining distance L despite the fact that the contact between the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 due to energization is not detected is as shown in FIG. It shows a state where it has already collided with the end face 19 and has further moved in the movement direction A.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 tries to continue the movement of the spindle 11 as it is even though the tool electrode 16 is in contact with the workpiece 17. To suppress. Thereby, the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 can suppress damage to the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, and the apparatus main body due to an abnormality in the contact detection function caused by energization.
- the third stop determination unit 29 inputs from the drive unit 27 to the load detection input unit 28. From the detected result, it is determined whether or not the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 are overloaded (step S19). The third stop determination unit 29 determines whether or not the load is an overload by comparing the load detection value input to the load detection input unit 28 with the overload determination threshold set in step S10.
- the third stop determination unit 29 determines that an overload has occurred in the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 (step S19, Yes). In this case, the third stop determination unit 29 determines that the movement of the spindle 11 is stopped, assuming that an abnormality has occurred in the contact detection function by energization.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 stops the movement of the spindle 11 according to the determination result by the third stop determination unit 29.
- the abnormal state display unit 32 displays that an abnormality has occurred in the contact detection function by energization (step S18). Thereby, the electrical discharge machining apparatus 1 ends the processing of the positioning operation.
- the third stop determination unit 29 determines that no overload has occurred in the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 (No in step S19). In this case, the numerical controller 13 repeats the procedure from step S15 while continuing to move the tool electrode 16.
- the case where the load detection value exceeds the overload determination threshold indicates a state where the tool electrode 16 has already collided with the end face 19 and is further moving in the movement direction A.
- the electric discharge machining device 1 stops the movement of the spindle 11 when it detects an overload, so that the movement of the spindle 11 is continued even though the tool electrode 16 is in contact with the workpiece 17. It suppresses trying to do. Thereby, the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 can suppress damage to the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, and the apparatus main body due to an abnormality in the contact detection function caused by energization.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the spindle movement amount and the load detection value when the tool electrode collides with the workpiece.
- the spindle 11 transitions from a stopped state (zero spindle movement amount) to an acceleration state C1, a constant speed state C2, a collision state C3, and a stop state C4.
- the load detection value detected by the drive unit 27 increases as the spindle 11 continues to move from the position where the collision occurred. Assuming that the overshoot amount after the collision is Os2 when the overload determination threshold is Th2, the overshoot amount increases to Os1 greater than Os2 when the overload determination threshold is Th1 greater than Th2. However, as the overload determination threshold is set smaller, the third stop determination unit 29 is more likely to make an erroneous determination due to variations in the load detection value.
- the relationship between the amount of movement of the spindle 11 after the collision and the load detection value is as follows: the tool electrode 16 or measuring element used as the first contact body, the workpiece 17 or measuring element used as the second contact body, and the electrical resistance of the material Depends on the presence or absence of heat treatment. Therefore, it is desirable that the overload determination threshold can be appropriately set according to the shape, material, presence / absence of heat treatment, etc. of the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, and the measuring element.
- the stop control of the spindle 11 due to overload is particularly suitable when the rigidity of the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, and the probe is sufficiently large and the load detection value after the collision changes.
- the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 can be detected in the case of an abnormality in detection of energization due to the presence of an adhering substance in contact with the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 and the probe. Scratches and indentations can be suppressed on the measuring element.
- the stop control of the main spindle 11 by the movement amount of the main spindle 11 exceeding the remaining distance is particularly small in the rigidity of the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, and the probe, and the load detection value after the collision changes. Suitable when it is difficult to occur. Thereby, even if the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, and the measuring element whose collision state is unlikely to appear in the load detection value can be suppressed from being scratched or indented in the case of an abnormal current detection.
- the electrical discharge machining device 1 may be any device that performs at least one of stop control of the main shaft 11 due to overload and stop control of the main shaft 11 when the movement amount of the main shaft 11 exceeds the remaining distance. Thereby, the electrical discharge machining apparatus 1 can obtain the effect of suppressing scratches and indentations when an abnormality occurs in the contact detection function by energization.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 applies the procedure for positioning the workpiece 17 by moving the first contact body to the procedure for positioning the tool electrode 16 by moving the second contact body. May be.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for controlling the driving of the spindle in the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- the numerical control device 40 includes an energization detection input unit 22, a first stop determination unit 23, a non-contact position detection input unit 25, a spindle speed control unit 41, a spindle drive control unit 30, and a coordinate position storage unit 31.
- the spindle speed control unit 41 determines the approach speed according to the detection result input to the non-contact position detection input unit 25.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 stops the movement of the spindle 11 when the first stop determination unit 23 determines that the movement of the spindle 11 is stopped.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 also performs control to move the spindle 11 at the approach speed determined by the spindle speed control unit 41.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 performs at least the stop control of the spindle 11 due to overload and the stop control of the spindle 11 due to the movement amount of the spindle 11 exceeding the remaining distance.
- the stop control of the main shaft 11 due to overload and the stop control of the main shaft 11 when the movement amount of the main shaft 11 exceeds the remaining distance the description of the same configuration as in the first embodiment will be omitted as appropriate.
- the case where the tool electrode 16 is used as the first contact body attached to the main shaft 11 and the workpiece 17 serving as the second contact body is positioned is taken as an example.
- a probe attached in place of the tool electrode 16 may be used.
- the electrical discharge machining apparatus 1 may use a probe attached to an arbitrary position of the workpiece 17 as the second contact body.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the positioning operation by the electric discharge machining apparatus.
- the operator sets an overload determination threshold when starting the positioning operation using the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 (step S20).
- the spindle drive control unit 30 moves the spindle 11 to the measurement start position (step S21). Next, the spindle drive control unit 30 brings the tool electrode 16 closer to the workpiece 17 at a constant approach speed from the measurement start position, and starts positioning of the end face of the workpiece 17 (step S22).
- the spindle speed control unit 41 determines whether a detection signal is input from the non-contact position detection sensor 24 to the non-contact position detection input unit 25.
- step S23 When a detection signal is input to the non-contact position detection input unit 25 (step S23, Yes), the spindle speed control unit 41 decelerates the approach speed more than before (step S24).
- step S24 When there is no detection signal input to the non-contact position detection input unit 25 (No at Step S23), the numerical controller 13 continues the movement of the spindle 11 at the approach speed until then, and the non-contact position detection sensor. It waits for the input of the detection signal from 24 to the non-contact position detection input unit 25.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the movement of the tool electrode in the comparative example of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the movement of the tool electrode in the case of the present embodiment.
- the case where the tool electrode 16 as the first contact body is brought into contact with the measuring element 42 as the second contact body is taken as an example.
- the approach speed in the movement M1 from the measurement start position to the contact with the probe 42 is increased.
- an error in position information due to a transient response may occur.
- the error in the position information due to the transient response may change depending on the shape and rigidity of the tool electrode 16 and the measuring element 42. For this reason, once the energization is detected, the tool electrode 16 moves in the opposite direction to the previous movement direction, and the slow movement M2 for energization by contact is repeated again or any number of times.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between approach speed and position information error due to transient response.
- the droop ( ⁇ m) and the overshoot amount ( ⁇ m) at approach speeds of 3.0, 6.0, 30.0, 300.0 and 570.0 (mm / min) are shown.
- the maximum amount of overshoot due to the transient response is 55.0 ⁇ m.
- an approach speed of about 30.0 mm / min is generally adopted in many cases. In this case, the error due to the transient response can be reduced, but the measurement time is increased.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the transient response when the approach speed is 570.0 mm / min.
- the vertical axis represents position ( ⁇ m) and the horizontal axis represents time (sec).
- the tool electrode 16 is transient in response to a position command P0 that once moves the tool electrode 16 in the reverse direction at the rising timing of the energization signal S and then returns the tool electrode 16 to the vicinity of the position where the rising of the energization signal S occurs. After an overshoot Os of approximately 55 ⁇ m at maximum is generated by the response, the energization signal S is adjusted to a position where the rise has occurred.
- the spindle speed control unit 41 indicates the moving speed of the spindle 11 after the non-contact position detection sensor 24 outputs the detection signal, and the non-contact position detection sensor 24 outputs the detection signal.
- the moving speed of the spindle 11 before output is set lower.
- the spindle speed control unit 41 sets the approach speed to a high speed, for example, about 570.0 mm / min, for the movement M1 from when the measurement start position is input to the non-contact position detection input unit 25.
- the spindle speed control unit 41 can suppress an error in position information due to a transient response for the movement M2 from the input of the detection signal to the non-contact position detection input unit 25 to the contact with the measuring element 42, for example, The approach speed is reduced to about 30.0 mm / min.
- the remaining distance L (see FIG. 5) at which the non-contact position detection sensor 24 outputs a detection signal is set so as to increase with respect to an error that may occur due to a transient response.
- the remaining distance L is set to, for example, 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the first stop determination unit 23 determines whether or not a detection signal is input from the energization detection sensor 21 to the energization detection input unit 22 in step S25. When a detection signal is input to the energization detection input unit 22 (step S25, Yes), the first stop determination unit 23 determines to stop the movement of the spindle 11.
- the spindle drive control unit 30 stops the movement of the spindle 11 according to the determination result by the first stop determination unit 23.
- the numerical controller 13 completes the positioning operation by the coordinate position storage unit 31 storing the coordinates of the position where the contact between the workpiece 17 and the tool electrode 16 is detected (step S26).
- step S25 If no detection signal is input to the energization detection input unit 22 (No in step S25), the positioning operation is completed when the detection signal input to the energization detection input unit 22 is recognized (step S26). Thereby, the electrical discharge machining apparatus 1 ends the processing of the positioning operation.
- the electrical discharge machining apparatus 1 reduces the approach speed after the detection signal is output by the non-contact position detection sensor 24 even when the approach speed is increased in the positioning operation. It can be made smaller.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 can shorten the measurement time because the approach speed until the output of the detection signal by the non-contact position detection sensor 24 can be increased.
- the optimum approach speed that can reduce the position error due to the transient response and the increase in the time required for the positioning operation is very difficult to determine by the operator himself.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 can determine the optimized approach speed easily and quickly by adopting the numerical control apparatus 40 including the spindle speed control unit 41.
- the electrical discharge machining device 1 may confirm the energization by the energization detection sensor 21 and then move the tool electrode 16 in the opposite direction to the previous movement direction, thereby eliminating the need for the operation of repeating the slow movement again or any number of times. it can.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 can also solve the problem that accurate position information cannot be obtained due to generation of vibration due to the shape and rigidity of the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, and the probe, and elastic deformation. Become.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 applies the procedure for positioning the workpiece 17 by moving the first contact body to the procedure for positioning the tool electrode 16 by moving the second contact body. May be.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for controlling the driving of the spindle in the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- the numerical control device 50 includes an energization detection input unit 22, a first stop determination unit 23, a load detection input unit 28, a third stop determination unit 29, a spindle drive control unit 30, a coordinate position storage unit 31, and an abnormal state display unit. 32, an overload determination threshold value database 51 and an overload determination threshold value determination unit 52.
- the overload determination threshold database 51 stores an overload determination threshold for overload determination.
- the overload determination threshold determination unit 52 refers to the specification data 53 and determines an overload determination threshold 54 to be read from the overload determination threshold database 51.
- the specification data 53 is data related to the size and material of the tool electrode 16, the workpiece 17, the measuring element.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of data stored in the overload determination threshold database.
- the overload determination threshold database 51 stores an overload determination threshold in association with each classification (part name), material, and size.
- the overload determination threshold value represents, for example, a difference between an upper limit value of a load detection value determined not to be an overload and a preset standard value as a ratio.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the electric discharge machining apparatus.
- the operator searches for machining conditions by inputting specification data in order to set machining conditions to be used (step S31).
- the machining conditions include data on the pulse width and voltage level of the machining voltage set in the power supply control device 12 (see FIG. 1), data on the vertical movement operation of the spindle 11 for discharging machining waste, and the first contact.
- shaft 11 for making the voltage between a body and a 2nd contact body constant are included.
- the specification data for searching for the machining conditions are the material and size of the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17, the target machining surface roughness, and the like.
- the electrical discharge machining device 1 uses, as accessory data, data such as material and size necessary for determining an overload determination threshold in the specification data input for searching for machining conditions, together with the machining conditions. Output (step S32).
- the operator inputs the specification data 53 necessary for automatically executing the positioning of the tool electrode 16 and the workpiece 17 to the electric discharge machining apparatus 1, and creates a measurement program (step S33).
- the operator starts the measurement program (step S34).
- the operator attaches a probe to the spindle 11 for positioning the workpiece 17 (step S35).
- the overload determination threshold value determination unit 52 determines an overload determination threshold value for positioning the workpiece 17 by collating the specification data 53 with the overload determination threshold value database 51 (step S36). Similarly to the first embodiment, the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 performs the positioning operation of the workpiece 17 in a state in which the contact detection function due to overload is enabled (step S37).
- the overload determination threshold value determination unit 52 determines an overload determination threshold value for the positioning of the tool electrode 16 by collating the specification data 53 with the overload determination threshold value database 51 (step S39).
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 performs the positioning operation of the tool electrode 16 in a state where the contact detection function due to overload is enabled (step S40).
- step S41 the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 executes a machining sequence.
- step S42 the operator can select another tool.
- the procedure from step S38 is repeated for the electrode 16.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 ends the machining operation by the automatic operation.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 calculates the optimum overload determination threshold using specification data input in the search of machining conditions and the creation of a measurement program, and is used as data in the machining condition sequence. Incorporate a load judgment threshold.
- An operator can employ an optimum overload determination threshold according to the tool electrode 16 or the like and monitor the overload. For this reason, for example, if the tool electrode 16 collides with the work piece 17 by mistake in setting the amount of movement for the vertical movement of the spindle 11 for discharging machining scraps, or when the automatic operation is not performed due to a program error When the tool electrode 16 collides with a portion, the amount of overshoot at the time of collision can be reduced.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 may perform stop control of the main shaft 11 when the movement amount of the main shaft 11 exceeds the remaining distance, similarly to the first embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明にかかる放電加工装置の構成を示すブロック図である。放電加工装置1は、主軸11、電源制御装置12、数値制御装置13、駆動装置14、加工槽15および工具電極16を有する。
図8は、実施の形態2にかかる放電加工装置のうち、主軸の駆動を制御するための構成を示すブロック図である。数値制御装置40は、通電検出入力部22、第1の停止判定部23、非接触位置検出入力部25、主軸速度制御部41、主軸駆動制御部30および座標位置記憶部31を有する。
図14は、実施の形態3にかかる放電加工装置のうち、主軸の駆動を制御するための構成を示すブロック図である。数値制御装置50は、通電検出入力部22、第1の停止判定部23、負荷検出入力部28、第3の停止判定部29、主軸駆動制御部30、座標位置記憶部31、異常状態表示部32、過負荷判定閾値データベース51および過負荷判定閾値決定部52を有する。
11 主軸
12 電源制御装置
13 数値制御装置
14 駆動装置
15 加工槽
16 工具電極
17 被加工物
19 端面
21 通電検出センサ
22 通電検出入力部
23 第1の停止判定部
24 非接触位置検出センサ
25 非接触位置検出入力部
26 第2の停止判定部
27 ドライブユニット
28 負荷検出入力部
29 第3の停止判定部
30 主軸駆動制御部
31 座標位置記憶部
32 異常状態表示部
40 数値制御装置
41 主軸速度制御部
42 測定子
50 数値制御装置
51 過負荷判定閾値データベース
52 過負荷判定閾値決定部
53 諸元データ
54 過負荷判定閾値
Claims (5)
- 主軸に取り付けられる工具電極、および前記工具電極に代えて取り付けられる測定子のいずれかを第1接触体、前記工具電極を使用する加工の対象とする被加工物、および前記被加工物に取り付けられる測定子のいずれかを第2接触体として、前記第1接触体および前記第2接触体の間の通電により、前記第1接触体および前記第2接触体の接触を検出する接触検出部と、
前記主軸の駆動を制御する主軸駆動制御部を備え、前記接触検出部による検出結果を基に、前記工具電極および前記被加工物の位置関係を認識する数値制御装置と、を有する放電加工装置であって、
前記第1接触体と前記第2接触体とが接触する以前の非接触段階において、前記第1接触体および前記第2接触体の間があらかじめ設定された残距離となったときに検出信号を出力する非接触位置検出部と、
前記主軸に加わる負荷を検出する負荷検出部と、の少なくとも一方を有し、
前記主軸駆動制御部は、前記非接触位置検出部が前記検出信号を出力してからの前記主軸の移動量が前記残距離を超えた場合、および前記負荷検出部による検出結果から過負荷である旨が判定された場合、の少なくとも一方において、前記主軸の移動を停止させることを特徴とする放電加工装置。 - 前記主軸駆動制御部は、前記移動量が前記残距離を超えた場合であって、かつ前記接触検出部において前記第1接触体および前記第2接触体の接触が検出されない場合に、前記主軸の移動を停止させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の放電加工装置。
- 前記主軸駆動制御部は、前記負荷検出部による検出結果から過負荷である旨が判定された場合であって、かつ前記接触検出部において前記第1接触体および前記第2接触体の接触が検出されない場合に、前記主軸の移動を停止させることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の放電加工装置。
- 前記主軸を移動させる速度を制御する主軸速度制御部をさらに有し、
前記主軸速度制御部は、前記非接触位置検出部が前記検出信号を出力してからの前記主軸の移動速度を、前記非接触位置検出部が前記検出信号を出力する前の前記主軸の移動速度より低くすることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一つに記載の放電加工装置。 - 前記負荷検出部による検出結果から過負荷であるか否かを判定するための過負荷判定閾値を、前記工具電極、前記被加工物および前記測定子の少なくともいずれかにかかる諸元データに応じて決定する過負荷判定閾値決定部をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一つに記載の放電加工装置。
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DE112011105025.9T DE112011105025B4 (de) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Elektroentladungsmaschine |
US14/000,298 US9459610B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Electric discharge machine with contact detector and position detector |
JP2011524090A JP4850316B1 (ja) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | 放電加工装置 |
PCT/JP2011/059025 WO2012140723A1 (ja) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | 放電加工装置 |
CN201180070014.5A CN103476529B (zh) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | 放电加工装置 |
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JP (1) | JP4850316B1 (ja) |
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EP2998066B1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-06-14 | Mikron Agie Charmilles AG | High voltage crash prevention device for machine tools |
JP6140221B2 (ja) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-05-31 | ファナック株式会社 | 位置決め・形状測定機能を有するワイヤ放電加工機 |
CN105353720A (zh) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-24 | 东莞思谷数字技术有限公司 | 一种数控加工电极管理信息采集装置 |
JP6431008B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-11-28 | ファナック株式会社 | 放電加工機および故障判定方法 |
JP6740266B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-16 | 2020-08-12 | ファナック株式会社 | 放電加工機 |
JP6748153B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-08-26 | ファナック株式会社 | 工作機械の異常検出装置 |
CN111390313B (zh) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-05-18 | 清华大学无锡应用技术研究院 | 基于激光测距和电接触感知的加工间隙给定方法及*** |
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US9459610B2 (en) | 2016-10-04 |
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