WO2012100582A1 - 一种双极化辐射单元及宽频基站天线 - Google Patents

一种双极化辐射单元及宽频基站天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012100582A1
WO2012100582A1 PCT/CN2011/082316 CN2011082316W WO2012100582A1 WO 2012100582 A1 WO2012100582 A1 WO 2012100582A1 CN 2011082316 W CN2011082316 W CN 2011082316W WO 2012100582 A1 WO2012100582 A1 WO 2012100582A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dual
vibrator
feed
vibrators
radiating element
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PCT/CN2011/082316
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘良涛
余国鑫
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京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
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Publication of WO2012100582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012100582A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mobile communication base station antennas, in particular to a dual-polarization radiation unit and a broadband base station antenna.
  • the frequency requirement of the broadband antenna required by the market is 790MHz-960MHz, the bandwidth is 19.4%, and the full-band standing wave ratio is required to be less than 1.40, and the two-port isolation requirement is greater than 30.
  • Such a wideband antenna has a wider bandwidth than conventional base station antennas, and the VSWR requirements of the antenna are also extremely strict, posing a high challenge in design difficulty.
  • the radiating element of the array antenna largely determines the multiple performances of the antenna, such as gain, voltage standing wave ratio bandwidth, beam width, beam convergence and cross polarization discrimination.
  • gain voltage standing wave ratio bandwidth
  • beam width beam width
  • beam convergence beam convergence and cross polarization discrimination.
  • the boundary conditions play a decisive role in the beam convergence and isolation of the dual-polarized antenna. Dual-polarized radiated oscillators also require good cross-polarization performance, and the isolation between the two polarizations also places high demands. Therefore, under the premise of designing high-performance radiation units, the choice of boundary conditions is also an important issue.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a broadband base station antenna having a simple structure, a high frequency bandwidth, and a high isolation.
  • a dual-polarized radiating element includes a metal reflective bottom plate and two pairs of vibrators mounted on the metal reflective bottom plate, and the vibrator arms of each pair of vibrators are parallel or in line with each other.
  • the vibrator arms between the two pairs of vibrators are perpendicular to each other, so that two mutually orthogonal electric fields of polarization directions can be transmitted or received.
  • the vibrator arms of the two pairs of vibrators are arranged in a square shape.
  • the vibrator arms of the pair of vibrators are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate, and the vibrator arms of the other pair of vibrators are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate to form a horizontal polarization and a vertical polarization dual polarization; or the two pairs The vibrator arms of the vibrator are at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate. A dual polarization of +45° polarization and -45° polarization is formed.
  • the vibrator arms of the two pairs of vibrators are arranged in a cross shape.
  • the vibrator arms of the two pairs of vibrators are arranged in a zigzag manner.
  • Feed cables on a pair of vibrators in the same polarization direction are connected in parallel.
  • the longitudinal edges of the two sides of the metal reflective bottom plate are respectively provided with side walls.
  • the vibrator is composed of a pair of vibrator arms, a pair of balanced feed connectors and a connection base, the two vibrator arms being respectively connected to one end of the balanced feed connector, and the other end of the balanced feed connector is
  • the connection base is connected, and the connection base is fixed on the metal reflective bottom plate.
  • the balanced feed connector is composed of a balanced feed plate and a feed connection portion, one end of the balanced feed plate is connected to the vibrator arm, the other end is connected to one end of the feed connection portion, and the other end of the feed connection portion is connected The base is connected.
  • the two balanced feed plates in the vibrator are parallel to each other, and the feed connection connected to the balanced feed plate is opened to the outside of the two parallel balanced feed plates, and then connected to the connection base.
  • one of the vibrator arms is bent upward from the inside to a feed piece that extends above the other vibrator arm.
  • the feed piece may have an L shape.
  • the feed piece is connected to an inner conductor of the feed cable, and the outer conductor of the feed cable is soldered to the vibrator arm below the end of the feed piece and the feed cable on the feed connection portion on the same side as the end of the feed piece. Department connection.
  • the end of the vibrator arm is first inclined downward relative to the horizontal plane and then the extreme end of the vibrator arm is again bent downward to form a bend parallel to the balanced feed plate.
  • the vibrator can be formed by an integral forming structure of sheet metal stamping and bending, which can greatly reduce the cost and make the assembly easier.
  • a broadband base station antenna is composed of a plurality of said dual-polarized radiating elements arranged in a linear arrangement.
  • the number of the dual polarized radiation units is three or more.
  • the metal plates are laterally mounted between the dual-polarized radiating elements, so that the isolation between the two polarizations of the antenna can be improved without affecting the directional performance.
  • the present invention has the following advantages: First, the special vibrator arm shape and the feeding mode of the vibrator are matched, and the integrated form of sheet metal stamping and bending is used, which greatly reduces the cost; secondly, the vibrator arm The unique shape, compared with the generally linear vibrator arm, increases the spacing between the vibrators, and also increases the spacing between the radiating elements, thereby reducing the design difficulty of the antenna isolation; the advantages of simple structure and high performance It is easy to manufacture and easy to install and use; it has wide bandwidth, high gain, good cross polarization ratio and good isolation performance.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the vibrator of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the vibrator of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a dual polarized radiation unit according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 2 is a perspective view of Embodiment 2 of a broadband dual-polarization base station antenna according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 6 is a perspective view of Embodiment 3 of a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 7 is a perspective view of Embodiment 4 of a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a graph showing the measured standing wave ratio of a polarized port voltage according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a graph showing the measured standing wave ratio of a polarized port voltage according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a graph of the isolation between two polarizations measured in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a dual-polarized radiating element is an essential constituent unit of an array antenna.
  • the dual polarized radiation unit includes a metal reflective bottom plate 8 and two pairs of vibrators 10 mounted on the metal reflective bottom plate 8 and corresponding terminals.
  • the vibrator arms 4 of each pair of vibrators 10 are parallel to each other and have the same polarization direction; the vibrator arms 4 between the two pairs of vibrators 10 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the feed cables on each pair of vibrators 10 are connected in parallel to form a polarization.
  • the side edges 9 of the metal reflective bottom plate 8 are respectively provided with side walls 9.
  • the vibrator arm 4 of the vibrator 10 is at an angle of 45 degrees to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate 8, forming a double polarization of +45° polarization and -45° polarization, and the vibrator arms 4 of the two pairs of vibrators are arranged in a square shape. .
  • the vibrator 10 is composed of a pair of vibrator arms 4, a pair of balanced feed connectors and a connecting base 1; the two vibrator arms 4 are on the same straight line, respectively, and the balanced feed One end of the electrical connector is connected, and the other end of the balanced feed connector is connected to the connection base 1.
  • the balanced feed connector is composed of a balanced feed plate 3 and a feed connection portion 2, one end of the balanced feed plate 3 is connected to the vibrator arm 4, and the other end is connected to one end of the feed connection portion 2, and the feed connection portion The other end of 2 is connected to the connection base 1 to form a complete vibrator 10.
  • the two balanced feed plates 3 of the vibrator 10 are parallel to each other.
  • the feed connection 2 connected to the balanced feed plate 3 is flared to the outside of the two parallel balanced feed plates 3 and then to the connection base 1.
  • the vibrator 10 is fixed to the metal reflective bottom plate 8 via a connection base 1.
  • the balanced feed connector supports and fixes the vibrator 10 while feeding the radiating element.
  • the feeder connection 2, which is open to the outside of the balanced feed connector, is different from the balanced feeder which is usually about a quarter-wavelength upright, which can reduce the height of the antenna profile and increase the bottom space for connection.
  • the base 1 is fixed to the metal reflective bottom plate 8.
  • the feed piece 41 may have an L shape.
  • the feed piece 41 is a part of the vibrator arm 4, and is not a separate component, which can reduce the cost of the antenna and reduce the installation process, and the feeding cable does not have to be bent when soldering, thereby enhancing the reliability of the antenna.
  • the L-shaped feed piece 41 has an impedance matching function.
  • the end of the vibrator arm 4 is first inclined downward relative to the horizontal plane (which may be 135° from the horizontal plane), and then the end of the vibrator arm 4 is further bent downward to form a bent portion parallel to the balanced feed plate 2 5.
  • the unique shape of the vibrator arm 4 increases the spacing between the vibrators compared to the generally linear vibrator arms, and also increases the spacing between the radiating elements, thereby reducing the design difficulty of the antenna isolation;
  • the cross-polarization ratio performance index, combined with the L-shaped feed portion, can design a base station antenna with broadband radiation characteristics.
  • the feed piece 41 is connected to the inner conductor 6 of the feed cable, the outer conductor of the feed cable and the vibrator arm 4 below the end of the feed piece 41 and the feed on the feed connection 2 on the same side as the end of the feed piece 41
  • the electric cable soldering portion 71 is connected.
  • the feed cables of the two polarizers 10 of the same polarization are connected in parallel through the terminals.
  • the vibrator 10 described above can be integrally formed with a sheet metal stamping and bending, which can greatly reduce the cost and make the assembly easier.
  • the vibrator arms 4 of the two pairs of vibrators 10 are arranged in a square shape, wherein the vibrator arms 4 of the pair of vibrators 10 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate 8, and the vibrator arms 4 of the other pair of vibrators 10 are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate 8, A set of horizontally polarized and vertically polarized dual polarized radiating elements is formed.
  • each pair of vibrator arms 4 of the vibrator 10 mounted on the metal reflective bottom plate 8 are on the same straight line, that is, arranged in a line; the vibrator arms 4 between the two pairs of vibrators 10 are perpendicular to each other. Glyph arrangement.
  • the vibrator arm 4 of each pair of vibrators 10 may be at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate 8; or a pair of vibrators 10
  • the vibrator arms 4 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate 8, and the vibrator arms 4 of the other pair of vibrators 10 are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate 8, forming a set of polarized radiation of +45° polarization and -45° polarization. unit.
  • two pairs of vibrator arms 4 of the vibrator 10 mounted on the metal reflective bottom plate 8 are arranged in a zigzag pattern.
  • the vibrator arm 4 of each vibrator 10 is shown at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal direction of the metal reflective bottom plate 8, forming a set of dual-polarized radiating elements of +45° polarization and -45° polarization.
  • Such an arrangement can increase the gap between the radiating elements.
  • the vibrators are arranged on the metal reflective bottom plate 8 to form a complete dual-polarized radiating element 12.
  • a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna is composed of a plurality of said dual-polarized radiating elements 12 arranged in a linear sequence.
  • the number of linearly arranged dual-polarized radiating elements 12 is 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or more than nine.
  • the plurality of dual-polarized radiating elements 12 are linearly arranged in sequence to form a complete broadband dual-polarized base station antenna.
  • the metal piece 13 is laterally mounted between the polarized radiation units, so that the isolation between the two polarizations of the antenna can be improved without affecting the performance of the pattern.
  • the dual-polarized radiating elements can be mounted together on the same metal reflective bottom plate 8, and the side walls 9 are mounted on the longitudinal edges of the metal reflective bottom plate 8.
  • the broadband dual-polarized base station antenna made by the dual-polarized radiating unit described in Embodiment 1 has a good frequency band in the whole frequency band: the frequency band of 790-960 MHz, and the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.4.
  • the isolation is greater than 33dB, and the measured gain of the 5-cell is between 14.5dBi and 15.5dBi.
  • the horizontal plane 3dB beamwidth is 61 degrees to 70 degrees, and the spindle cross polarization ratio is greater than 20dB.
  • the cross polarization ratio is greater than 10 dB.
  • the environmental test is qualified and can meet the requirements of the mobile communication system.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure and high performance, is easy to manufacture, and is convenient to install and use; and has wider bandwidth, higher gain, cross polarization ratio and compared with the main forms of the current similar products. Good isolation performance.
  • the broadband dual-polarized base station antennas fabricated by the dual-polarized radiating elements described in Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, and Embodiment 4 also have the above-described performance and characteristics.

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Abstract

本发明公开一种双极化辐射单元，包括金属反射底板和两对安装在所述金属反射底板上的振子，每对振子的振子臂相互平行或者处于同一直线上，所述两对振子之间的振子臂相互垂直。本发明还公开了一种宽频双极化基站天线，由若干个所述双极化辐射单元线性排列而成。本发明具备如下优点：振子臂的形状和振子的馈电方式相配合，采用钣金冲压折弯的一体化形式，大大降低了成本；增加了振子之间的间距，同时也增加了辐射单元之间的间距，从而减小了天线隔离度的设计难度；结构简单紧凑和高性能的优点，且易于制造，方便安装使用带宽宽，增益高，交叉极化比和隔离度性能好的特点。

Description

一种双极化辐射单元及宽频基站天线 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信基站天线领域，尤其是一种双极化辐射单元及宽频基站天线。
 背景技术
随着移动通信技术和应用的迅猛发展，电磁环境日益复杂，给移动通信双极化定向天线的设计提出了越来越高的要求。部分天线的电气性能要求宽频带、高隔离度、高增益，主轴交叉极化鉴别率要求大于20dB，±60°交叉极化鉴别率要求大于10dB，同时要具有良好的方向性和波束收敛性，以及对周围环境的协调性；另外还要求体积小，重量轻，外形美观，而且成本低才能满足市场竞争需求。
市场需求的宽带天线的频率要求为790MHz－960MHz的，带宽为19.4％，且要求全频段驻波比小于1.40，两端口隔离度要求大于30。这种宽带天线比常规的各种基站天线带宽都要宽，而且天线的驻波比要求也极为严格，在设计难度上提出了很高的挑战。
阵列天线的辐射单元很大程度上决定了天线的多项性能，如增益，电压驻波比带宽，波束宽度，波束收敛性和交叉极化鉴别率等。在高增益基站天线的设计中，在满足波束宽度限制的基础上，需要最大限度提高天线辐射单元增益。边界条件对双极化天线的波束收敛性、隔离度有着决定性的作用。双极化辐射振子还要求良好的交叉极化性能，两个极化之间的隔离度也提出了很高的要求。所以在设计出高性能辐射单元的前提下，对边界条件的选择也是一个重要课题。
 技术问题
针对以上所述现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供结构简单、制造及安装简便的一种双极化辐射单元。
本发明的另一目的是提供结构简单、频带宽、高隔离度的一种宽频基站天线。
 技术解决方案
为实现该目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种双极化辐射单元包括金属反射底板和两对安装在所述金属反射底板上的振子，每对振子的振子臂相互平行或者处于同一直线上，所述两对振子之间的振子臂相互垂直，这样就可以发射或接收两个相互正交的极化方向的电场。
所述两对振子的振子臂呈正方形排列。
所述一对振子的振子臂与金属反射底板的纵向平行，另一对振子的振子臂与金属反射底板的纵向垂直，形成水平极化和垂直极化的双极化；或者所述的两对振子的振子臂均与金属反射底板的纵向呈45°夹角。形成+45°极化和-45°极化的双极化。
所述的两对振子的振子臂呈十字形排列。
所述的两对振子的振子臂呈锯齿状排列。
同一极化方向（振子臂相互平行）的一对振子上的馈电电缆以并联方式连接。
所述金属反射底板的两边纵向边缘分别设有边墙。
所述振子由一对振子臂、一对平衡馈电连接器和一个连接底座组成，所述两个振子臂分别与平衡馈电连接器的一端连接，平衡馈电连接器的另一端与所述的连接底座连接，连接底座固定在所述的金属反射底板上。
所述平衡馈电连接器由平衡馈电板和馈电连接部组成，平衡馈电板的一端与振子臂连接，另一端与馈电连接部的一端连接，馈电连接部的另一端与连接底座连接。
所述的振子内的两个平衡馈电板之间相互平行，与平衡馈电板连接的馈电连接部向两个平行的平衡馈电板的外侧张开，然后与连接底座连接。
所述的振子的两个振子臂中，其中一振子臂上从内部向上弯曲出一个伸展到另一振子臂上方的馈电片。
所述的馈电片可以呈L形状。
所述的馈电片与馈电电缆的内导体连接，馈电电缆的外导体与馈电片末端下方的振子臂以及位于与馈电片末端同一侧的馈电连接部上的馈电电缆焊接部连接。
所述振子臂的末端先向下相对于水平面倾斜然后所述振子臂的最末端再向下弯折形成与平衡馈电板平行的弯折部。
所述的振子可以采用钣金冲压折弯的一体化成型结构，这样可以大大的降低了成本，装配也更加简易。
一种宽频基站天线，由若干个所述双极化辐射单元呈线性排列组成。
所述双极化辐射单元的个数为三个以上。
所述双极化辐射单元之间横向安装有金属片，这样可以在不影响方向性能的情况下，提高天线两极化之间的隔离度。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具备如下优点：首先，特殊的振子臂形状和振子的馈电方式相配合，采用钣金冲压折弯的一体化形式，大大降低了成本；其次，振子臂的独特形状，相比通常直线形振子臂，增加了振子之间的间距，同时也增加了辐射单元之间的间距，从而减小了天线隔离度的设计难度；具有结构简单紧凑和高性能的优点，且易于制造，方便安装使用；带宽宽，增益高，交叉极化比和隔离度性能好的特点。
 附图说明
图1为本发明所述振子的立体图；
图2为本发明所述振子的主视图；
图3为本发明所述一种双极化辐射单元的立体图；
图4为本发明所述一种宽频双极化基站天线实施例1的立体图；
图5为本发明所述一种宽频双极化基站天线实施例2的立体图；
图6为本发明所述一种宽频双极化基站天线实施例3的立体图；
图7为本发明所述一种宽频双极化基站天线实施例4的立体图；
图8为本发明所述具体实施例实测 极化端口电压驻波比的曲线图；
图9为本发明所述具体实施例实测 极化端口电压驻波比的曲线图；
图10为本发明所述具体实施例实测的两个极化之间的隔离度的曲线图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种双极化辐射单元，是阵列天线的必要构成单元。如图3所示，所述的双极化辐射单元包括金属反射底板8和两对安装在所述金属反射底板8上的振子10以及相应的接线端子。每对振子10的振子臂4相互平行，具有同一极化方向；所述两对振子10之间的振子臂4相互垂直。所述每对振子10上的馈电电缆以并联方式连接，组成一个极化。所述金属反射底板8的纵向两边边缘分别设有边墙9。所述振子10的振子臂4与金属反射底板8的纵向成45度角，形成+45°极化和-45°极化的双极化，并且所述两对振子的振子臂4呈正方形排列。
如图1和图2所示，所述振子10由一对振子臂4、一对平衡馈电连接器和一个连接底座1组成；所述两个振子臂4处于同一直线上，分别与平衡馈电连接器的一端连接，平衡馈电连接器的另一端与所述连接底座1连接。所述平衡馈电连接器由平衡馈电板3和馈电连接部2组成，平衡馈电板3的一端与振子臂4连接，另一端与馈电连接部2的一端连接，馈电连接部2的另一端与连接底座1连接，形成一个完整的振子10。所述振子10的两个平衡馈电板3之间相互平行。与平衡馈电板3连接的馈电连接部2向两个平行的平衡馈电板3的外侧张开，然后再与连接底座1连接。 振子10通过连接底座1固定在所述的金属反射底板8上。平衡馈电连接器在对辐射单元馈电的同时，支撑并固定振子10。平衡馈电连接器下部向外张开的馈电连接部2，和通常约四分之一波长高度直立向下的平衡馈电器不同，可以降低天线剖面高度，同时增加了底部空间，便于使连接底座1固设在金属反射底板8上。
所述两个振子臂4中，其中一个振子臂4上从内部向上弯曲出一个伸展到另一振子臂上方的馈电片41。 所述馈电片41可以呈L形状。馈电片41为振子臂4内的一部分，并非单独部件，可以降低天线的成本和减小了安装的过程，且馈电电缆在焊接的时候就不必折弯，增强了天线的可靠性，同时，L形状的馈电片41分具有阻抗匹配作用。所述振子臂4的末端先向下相对于水平面倾斜（可以是与水平面呈135°），然后所述振子臂4的最末端再向下弯折形成与平衡馈电板2平行的弯折部5。所述振子臂4的独特形状相比通常直线形振子臂，增加了振子之间的间距，同时也增加了辐射单元之间的间距，从而减小了天线隔离度的设计难度；同时提高了天线的交叉极化比性能指标，配合L形馈电部分，可以设计出具有宽频辐射特性的基站天线。
馈电片41与馈电电缆的内导体6连接，馈电电缆的外导体与馈电片41末端下方的振子臂4以及位于与馈电片41末端同一侧的馈电连接部2上的馈电电缆焊接部71连接。为了实现对每个半波振子进行馈电，同极化的两个振子10的馈电电缆通过接线端子并联连接。
以上所述的振子10可以采用钣金冲压折弯的一体化成型结构，这样可以大大的降低了成本，装配也更加简易。
实施例2
如图5所示，在实施例1在基础上，对振子的排列方式作了改变。所述两对振子10的振子臂4呈正方形排列，其中一对振子10的振子臂4与金属反射底板8的纵向平行，另一对振子10的振子臂4与金属反射底板8的纵向垂直，形成一组水平极化和垂直极化的双极化辐射单元。
实施例3
如图6所示，每对安装在所述金属反射底板8上的振子10的振子臂4处于同一直线上，也就是呈一字排列；两对振子10之间的振子臂4相互垂直呈十字形排列。其中所述的每对振子10的振子臂4可以与金属反射底板8的纵向呈45°夹角；或者其中一对振子10 的振子臂4与金属反射底板8的纵向平行，另一对振子10 的振子臂4与金属反射底板8的纵向垂直，形成一组+45°极化和-45°极化的双极化辐射单元。
实施例4
如图7所示，两对安装在所述金属反射底板8上的振子10的振子臂4呈锯齿状排列。其中，所示的每个振子10的振子臂4与金属反射底板8的纵向呈为45°夹角，形成一组+45°极化和-45°极化的双极化辐射单元。这样的排布方式可以增大辐射单元之间的间隙。
以上实施例中振子在金属反射底板8排列构成了一个完整的双极化辐射单元12。
如图4所示，一种宽频双极化基站天线，由若干个所述双极化辐射单元12依次线性排列组成。线性排列的双极化辐射单元12的个数在3、4、5、6、7、8、9或者9个以上。多个双极化辐射单元12依次线性排列组成一个完整的宽频双极化基站天线。所述极化辐射单元之间横向安装有金属片13，这样可以在不影响方向图性能的情况下，提高天线两极化之间的隔离度。所述双极化辐射单元可以共同安装在同一块金属反射底板8上，金属反射底板8的纵向两边边缘安装有边墙9。
如图8-10所示，为以实施例1所述的双极化辐射单元制成的宽频双极化基站天线全频段具有良好的方向图：790～960MHz频段，电压驻波比小于1.4，隔离度大于33dB，5单元实测增益在14.5dBi到15.5dBi之间。水平面3dB波束宽度为61度到70度，主轴交叉极化比大于20dB，在 交叉极化比大于10dB。环境试验合格，能够很好地满足移动通信***的要求。从以上所述容易看出，本发明具有结构简单紧凑和高性能的优点，且易于制造，方便安装使用；而且与当前同类产品的主要形式相比，带宽宽，增益高，交叉极化比和隔离度性能好的特点。另外，以实施例2、实施例3、以及实施例4所述的双极化辐射单元制成的宽频双极化基站天线同样具有上述性能和特点。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但并不仅仅受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
 本发明的实施方式
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Claims (18)

  1. 一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，包括金属反射底板和两对安装在所述金属反射底板上的振子，每对振子的振子臂相互平行或者处于同一直线上，所述两对振子之间的振子臂相互垂直。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述两对振子的振子臂呈正方形排列。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述两对振子中的一对振子的振子臂与金属反射底板的纵向平行，另一对振子的振子臂与金属反射底板的纵向垂直，形成水平极化和垂直极化的双极化；或者所述的两对振子的振子臂均与金属反射底板的纵向呈45°夹角，形成+45°极化和-45°极化的双极化。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述两对振子的振子臂呈十字形排列。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述两对振子的振子臂呈锯齿状排列。
  6. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4、或者5所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，同一极化方向的一对振子上的馈电电缆以并联方式连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述金属反射底板的纵向两边边缘分别设有边墙。
  8. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5或7所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述振子由一对振子臂、平衡馈电连接器和一个连接底座组成，所述两个振子臂分别与平衡馈电连接器的一端连接，平衡馈电连接器的另一端与所述的连接底座连接，连接底座固定在所述金属反射底板上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述平衡馈电连接器由平衡馈电板和馈电连接部组成，平衡馈电板的一端与振子臂连接，另一端与馈电连接部的一端连接，馈电连接部的另一端与连接底座连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述振子的两个平衡馈电板之间相互平行，与平衡馈电板连接的馈电连接部向两个平行的平衡馈电板的外侧张开，然后再与连接底座连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述振子的两个振子臂中，其中一振子臂上从内部向上弯曲出一个伸展到另一振子臂上方的馈电片。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述的馈电片呈L形状。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述的馈电片与馈电电缆的内导体连接，馈电电缆的外导体与馈电片末端下方的振子臂以及位于与馈电片末端同一侧的馈电连接部连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述振子臂的末端先向下相对于水平面倾斜，然后所述振子臂的最末端再向下弯折形成与平衡馈电板平行的弯折部。
  15. 根据权利要14所述的一种双极化辐射单元，其特征在于，所述振子是采用钣金冲压折弯的一体化成型结构。
  16. 一种宽频基站天线，其特征在于，由若干个所述双极化辐射单元呈线性排列组成。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种宽频基站天线，其特征在于，所述双极化辐射单元的个数为三个以上。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的一种宽频基站天线，其特征在于，所述双极化辐射单元之间横向安装有金属片。
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CN117080721A (zh) * 2023-08-11 2023-11-17 佛山市迪安通讯设备有限公司 单极化辐射单元、空气微带辐射单元和壁挂天线

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