WO2012122815A1 - 双极化宽频辐射单元及阵列天线 - Google Patents
双极化宽频辐射单元及阵列天线 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012122815A1 WO2012122815A1 PCT/CN2011/082296 CN2011082296W WO2012122815A1 WO 2012122815 A1 WO2012122815 A1 WO 2012122815A1 CN 2011082296 W CN2011082296 W CN 2011082296W WO 2012122815 A1 WO2012122815 A1 WO 2012122815A1
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- polarized broadband
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- radiating element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
- H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of mobile communication base station antennas, and more particularly to a dual-polarized broadband radiating element and an array antenna composed of dual-polarized broadband radiating elements.
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- WiMAX Long Term Evolution
- 4G mobile wireless broadband technology With the rapid development of mobile communication, the new generation of LTE (Long Term Evolution; LTE) and WiMAX's 4G mobile wireless broadband technology, with the new wave of communication technology changes continue to advance. Under the new generation of mobile communication systems, multiple systems and multiple systems coexist. Future 4G technologies are still developing in frequency bands and systems such as LTE, Wimax, and Wlan. All of these require the antenna to be shared by multiple systems to save the site installation resources of the base station and reduce the network construction cost. The development of broadband antenna units is the basis for base station antenna design.
- Such a wideband antenna has a wider bandwidth than conventional base station antennas, and the VSWR requirements of the antenna are also extremely strict, so that a high challenge is presented in design difficulty.
- the radiating element of the array antenna largely determines the multiple performance of the antenna.
- a mature unit design not only requires good electromagnetic characteristics, such as meeting the bandwidth characteristics, high radiation efficiency, and requires a reasonable structure, easy processing and installation; Not only can improve the electrical performance of the antenna, but also facilitate the realization of the shape of the lobes.
- the boundary conditions play a decisive role in the beam convergence and isolation of the dual-polarized antenna. Dual-polarized radiating elements are also required to have good cross-polarization performance, and the isolation between the two polarizations also places high demands. Therefore, under the premise of designing high-performance radiation units, the choice of boundary conditions is also an important issue.
- a dual-polarized broadband radiating unit comprising: a metal reflector, an unbalanced-balanced feed connector mounted on a metal reflector, and an unbalanced-balanced feed A connector connecting connector and two pairs of arcuate radiating element arms mounted on top of the unbalanced balanced feeder connector, the two pairs of arcuate radiating element arms being in the same plane.
- the invention also discloses an array antenna composed of the aforementioned dual-polarized broadband radiating unit.
- An array antenna includes a housing and a plurality of dual-polarized broadband radiating units mounted in the housing, the housing having a bottom plate and a pair of side plates bent from two longitudinal sides of the bottom plate, the plurality of bipolar
- the broadband radiating unit is mounted on one of the side panels.
- the dual-polarized broadband radiating unit comprises: a metal reflector, an unbalanced-balanced feed connector mounted on the metal reflector, a connecting component connected to the unbalanced-balanced feed connector, and an unbalanced-balanced installation Two pairs of arc-shaped radiating element arms on the top of the feed connector, the two pairs of arc-shaped radiating element arms are located in the same plane.
- the present invention has the advantages of being able to obtain good port isolation characteristics and good cross polarization discrimination rate. And it has the advantages of simple and compact structure and high performance, and is easy to manufacture, low in cost and convenient in assembly and installation.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a dual polarized broadband radiating element of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a side view of the dual polarized broadband radiating element of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the dual polarized broadband radiating element of the present invention as viewed from the top;
- FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a dual polarized broadband radiating element of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a perspective structural view of an array antenna constructed according to the dual-polarized broadband radiating unit shown in Figures 1-4;
- Figure 6 is a diagram showing a polarization port voltage standing wave ratio pattern of the array antenna of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a diagram showing a polarization port voltage standing wave ratio pattern of the array antenna of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a graph showing the isolation between two polarizations of the array antenna of the present invention.
- the dual-polarized broadband radiating unit 100 includes a metal reflector 10, an unbalanced-balanced feeder connector 20 mounted on the metal reflector 10, a connecting component 30 connected to the unbalanced-balanced feeder connector 20, and mounted on the Unbalanced-balanced two pairs of arcuate radiating element arms 40 on top of the feed connector 20.
- the unbalanced-balanced feed connector 20 has an outer conductor 22, and the outer conductor 22 is mounted on the metal reflector 10.
- the outer conductor 22 supports and electrically connects the radiating element arms 40 while feeding the radiating element arms 40.
- the bottom end of the unbalanced-balanced feed connector 20 is provided with a solder tab 24 for soldering the cable, and the solder tab 24 passes through the metal reflector 10 to connect the array network.
- the two pairs of arc-shaped radiating element arms 40 are located in the same plane. And the height between each of the radiating element arms 40 and the metal reflector 10 is one quarter of the wavelength of the central operating frequency.
- Each of the arcuate radiating element arms 40 is a circular arc-like solid structure, and the arm width of the radiating unit arm 40 extends from wide to narrow to the outer conductor 22 of the unbalanced-balanced feed connector 20, and The outer conductor 22 is electrically connected.
- any two non-adjacent two arc-shaped radiating element arms 40 of the two pairs of arc-shaped radiating element arms 40 are symmetrically distributed around the center of the unbalanced-balanced feed connector 20, and Two non-adjacent radiating element arms 40 form a radiation symmetric vibrator as a major component of microwave energy radiation.
- the arc area of the radiating unit arm 40 is 0.48 of the working frequency of the working frequency center. x 0.48 times wavelength.
- at least one anti-slip track 42 is formed on the surface of each of the radiating element arms 40.
- the connecting member 30 includes a plurality of feed sheets 36, a chuck 34 mounted on each of the feed sheets 36, and a fixed block 32 disposed between the plurality of feed sheets 36.
- the feed piece 36 has a meandering shape including a horizontal portion 362 and a vertical portion 364 connected to the horizontal portion 362.
- the chuck 34 is mounted on the vertical portion 364.
- the feed piece 36 couples the integral radiating element 100 to achieve a slave unbalanced feed (such as a coaxial feed)
- the conversion of the balanced feed is performed and the impedance matching is performed by the different widths of the feed piece 36.
- the feed piece 36 is secured to the unbalanced-balanced feed connector 20 by a fixed block 32 and a chuck 34 mounted on a vertical portion 364 of the feed piece 36.
- an array antenna 200 in accordance with the present invention includes a housing 300 and a plurality of dual polarized broadband radiating elements 100 mounted within the housing 300.
- the housing 300 has a bottom plate 302 and a pair of side plates 304 bent from the longitudinal sides of the bottom plate 302.
- the plurality of dual polarized broadband radiating elements 100 are mounted on one of the side panels 304.
- a transverse partition 306 is laterally mounted on each of the dual polarized broadband radiating elements 100.
- a longitudinal partition 308 is mounted between adjacent two transverse partitions 306.
- a spacer 301 which is inclined at both ends is obliquely mounted on the horizontal partition 306 which is connected to a double-polarized broadband radiating unit 100 near the intermediate position on the casing 300, and is disposed on the inclined spacer 301.
- the spacer 301 is fixed by the plastic cylinder 303 and the screw 305 on the lower partition 306. This can increase the isolation between the polarizations of the array antenna 200 without affecting the performance of the pattern.
- the array antenna 200 constructed by the dual-polarized radiating element 100 of the present invention has a good pattern for the full frequency band.
- the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.4
- the isolation is greater than 30dB
- the measured gain of the 6-cell is between 15dBi and 16dBi.
- the horizontal 3dB beamwidth is 60 degrees to 71 degrees
- the spindle cross polarization ratio is greater than 18 dB
- the cross polarization ratio is greater than 10 dB at ⁇ 60 degrees.
- the environmental test is qualified and can meet the requirements of the mobile communication system.
- the antenna manufactured according to the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure and high performance, and is easy to manufacture and convenient for installation and use. Moreover, compared with the main forms of the current similar products, the bandwidth, cross-polarization ratio and isolation performance of the present invention are good.
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种双极化宽频辐射单元,包括:金属反射板、安装在金属反射板上的不平衡-平衡馈电连接器、与不平衡-平衡馈电连接器连接的连接元件及安装在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器顶部的两对圆弧状辐射单元臂,所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂位于同一个平面内。本发明同时公开了一种由前述双极化宽频辐射单元组成的阵列天线。根据本发明,能够获得良好的端口隔离特性和良好的交叉极化鉴别率,并且具有结构简单紧凑和高性能的优点,且易于制造,成本低和装配安装方便。
Description
本发明涉及移动通信基站天线领域,尤其涉及一种双极化宽频辐射单元及由双极化宽频辐射单元构成的阵列天线。
随着移动通信的迅猛发展,新一代LTE(Long Term
Evolution;LTE)与WiMAX的4G行动移动无线宽带技术,随着通讯技术变革新浪潮不断推进。在新一代移动通信体制下,多***多体制是并存的。未来4G技术还在向LTE、Wimax、Wlan等频段和体制发展。这些都要求天线是多***共用的,以节省基站的站址安装资源,减少网络建设成本。宽频天线单元的研制是基站天线设计的基础。
市场需求一种频率为1710MHz-2690MHz的天线,带宽为44.5%,要求全频段驻波比小于1.4,两端口隔离度要求大于30。这种宽带天线比常规的各种基站天线的带宽都要宽,而且天线的驻波比要求也极为严格,所以在设计难度上提出了很高的挑战。
阵列天线的辐射单元很大程度上决定了天线的多项性能,一个成熟的单元设计不但要求电磁特性良好,如满足带宽特性,辐射效率高,而且要求结构合理,易于加工与安装;单元选择合理不仅能够提高天线的电性能指标,还利于波瓣赋形的实现。边界条件对双极化天线的波束收敛性、隔离度有着决定性的作用。双极化辐射单元还要求具有良好的交叉极化性能,两个极化之间的隔离度也提出了很高的要求。所以在设计出高性能辐射单元的前提下,对边界条件的选择也是一个重要课题。
本发明的目的是提供一种结构简单、频带宽、隔离度高的双极化宽频辐射单元及由双极化宽频辐射单元构成的阵列天线。
为实现该目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种双极化宽频辐射单元,包括:金属反射板、安装在金属反射板上的不平衡-平衡馈电连接器、与不平衡-平衡馈电连接器连接的连接元件及安装在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器顶部的两对圆弧状辐射单元臂,所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂位于同一个平面内。本发明同时公开了一种由前述双极化宽频辐射单元组成的阵列天线。
一种阵列天线,包括壳体及安装在壳体内的多个双极化宽频辐射单元,所述壳体具有底板及从底板的纵向两边弯折形成的一对侧板,所述多个双极化宽频辐射单元安装在所述其中一个侧板上。所述双极化宽频辐射单元包括:金属反射板、安装在金属反射板上的不平衡-平衡馈电连接器、与不平衡-平衡馈电连接器连接的连接元件及安装在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器顶部的两对圆弧状辐射单元臂,所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂位于同一个平面内。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有如下优点:能够获得良好的端口隔离特性和良好的交叉极化鉴别率,
并且具有结构简单紧凑和高性能的优点, 且易于制造,成本低和装配安装方便。
图1为本发明双极化宽频辐射单元的立体图;
图2为本发明双极化宽频辐射单元的侧视图;
图3为本发明双极化宽频辐射单元从顶部观察的立体图;
图4为本发明双极化宽频辐射单元的俯视图;
图5为根据图1-4所示的双极化宽频辐射单元构成的阵列天线的立体结构图;
图6展示了本发明阵列天线的 极化端口电压驻波比图形;
图7展示了本发明阵列天线的 极化端口电压驻波比图形;
图8展示了本发明阵列天线的两个极化之间的隔离度图形;
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明:
图1-4展示了本发明提供的双极化宽频辐射单元100的详细结构,所示双极化宽频辐射单元100用于作为双极化阵列天线的组成单元。该双极化宽频辐射单元100包括金属反射板10、安装在金属反射板10上的不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20、与不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20连接的连接元件30及安装在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20顶部的两对圆弧状辐射单元臂40。
不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20具有外导体22,并且所述外导体22安装在金属反射板10上。所述外导体22在对辐射单元臂40馈电的同时,支撑并电连接辐射单元臂40。所述不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20的底端设有用于焊接电缆的焊片24,所述焊片24并穿过金属反射板10,以便连接阵列网络。
所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂40位于同一个平面内,
并且所述每个辐射单元臂40与所述金属反射板10之间的高度为中心工作频率波长的四分之一。
所述每个圆弧状辐射单元臂40为圆弧片状实心结构,并且辐射单元臂40的臂宽由宽到窄地伸延到不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20的外导体22上,并且与所述外导体22电性连接。
同时,所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂40中任何不相邻的两个圆弧状辐射单元臂40围绕所述不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20的中心呈中心对称分布,并且所述两个不相邻的辐射单元臂40组成辐射对称振子,作为微波能量辐射的主要部件。所述辐射单元臂40的圆弧面积为工作频段中心工作频率的0.48
x 0.48倍波长。优选地,所述每个辐射单元臂40的表面上形成至少一条防滑纹路42。
所述连接元件30包括多个馈电片36、安装在每个馈电片36上的卡盘34及设置在多个馈电片36之间的固定块32。馈电片36为Γ形状,其包括水平部362及与水平部362连接的垂直部364。所述卡盘34安装在垂直部364上。馈电片36对整体辐射单元100进行耦合馈电,从而实现从不平衡馈电(如同轴馈电)
到平衡馈电的转换,并通过馈电片36的不同宽度来完成阻抗匹配的变换。通过固定块32及安装在馈电片36的垂直部364上的卡盘34将所述馈电片36固定在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器20上。
参考图5-8,根据本发明的阵列天线200包括壳体300及安装在壳体300内的多个双极化宽频辐射单元100。壳体300具有底板302及从底板302的纵向两边弯折形成的一对侧板304。所述多个双极化宽频辐射单元100安装在所述其中一个侧板304上。所述每个双极化宽频辐射单元100上横向安装有横隔板306。优选地,在相邻的两个横隔板306之间安装纵隔板308。进一步优选地,在与所述壳体300上靠近中间位置的一个双极化宽频辐射单元100连接的横隔板306上倾斜安装一片两端倾斜的隔条301,通过设置在该斜隔条301下方的横隔板306上的塑料柱体303及螺钉305而将隔条301固定。这样可以在不影响方向图性能的情况下,提高阵列天线200的两极化之间的隔离度。
参考图6-8,由本发明的双极化辐射单元100构成的阵列天线200,全频段具有良好的方向图。1710~2690MHz频段,电压驻波比小于1.4,隔离度大于30dB,6单元实测增益在15dBi到16dBi之间。水平面3dB波束宽度为60度到71度,主轴交叉极化比大于18dB,在±60度交叉极化比大于10dB。环境试验合格,能够很好地满足移动通信***的要求。
容易看出,按照本发明制造的该天线将具有结构简单紧凑和高性能的优点,且易于制造,方便安装使用。而且与当前同类产品的主要形式相比,本发明带宽,交叉极化比和隔离度性能好的特点。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但并不仅仅受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (11)
- 种双极化宽频辐射单元,其特征在于包括:金属反射板、安装在金属反射板上的不平衡-平衡馈电连接器、与不平衡-平衡馈电连接器连接的连接元件及安装在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器顶部的两对圆弧状辐射单元臂,所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂位于同一个平面内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的双极化宽频辐射单元,其特征在于:所述不平衡-平衡馈电连接器具有外导体,并且所述外导体安装在金属反射板上,所述外导体在对辐射单元臂馈电的同时,支撑并电连接辐射单元臂,所述不平衡-平衡馈电连接器的底端设有用于焊接电缆的焊片,焊片穿过金属反射板。
- 根据权利要求2所述的双极化宽频辐射单元,其特征在于:所述每个圆弧状辐射单元臂为圆弧片状实心结构,并且辐射单元臂的臂宽由宽到窄地伸延到不平衡-平衡馈电连接器的外导体上,并且与所述外导体电性连接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的双极化宽频辐射单元,其特征在于:所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂中任何不相邻的两个圆弧状辐射单元臂围绕所述不平衡-平衡馈电连接器的中心呈中心对称分布。
- 根据权利要求4所述的双极化宽频辐射单元,其特征在于:所述每个辐射单元臂的表面上形成至少一条防滑纹路。
- 根据权利要求5所述的双极化宽频辐射单元,其特征在于:所述连接元件包括多个馈电片、安装在每个馈电片上的卡盘及设置在多个馈电片之间的固定块。
- 根据权利要求6所述的双极化宽频辐射单元,其特征在于:所述馈电片为Γ形状,其包括水平部及与水平部连接的垂直部;所述卡盘安装在垂直部上;通过固定块及安装在馈电片的垂直部上的卡盘将所述馈电片固定在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器上。
- 一种阵列天线,包括壳体及安装在壳体内的多个双极化宽频辐射单元,所述壳体具有底板及从底板的纵向两边弯折形成的一对侧板,所述多个双极化宽频辐射单元安装在所述其中一个侧板上,其特征在于:所述双极化宽频辐射单元包括:金属反射板、安装在金属反射板上的不平衡-平衡馈电连接器、与不平衡-平衡馈电连接器连接的连接元件及安装在不平衡-平衡馈电连接器顶部的两对圆弧状辐射单元臂,所述两对圆弧状辐射单元臂位于同一个平面内。
- 根据权利要求8所述的阵列天线,其特征在于:所述每个双极化宽频辐射单元上横向安装有横隔板。
- 根据权利要求9所述的阵列天线,其特征在于:相邻的两个横隔板之间安装纵隔板。
- 根据权利要求9所述的阵列天线,其特征在于:在与所述壳体上靠近中间位置的二个双极化宽频辐射单元之间的横隔板上安装一片两端倾斜的隔条,通过设置在该片斜隔条下方的横隔板上的柱体及螺钉而将隔条固定。
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CN201110064485.7 | 2011-03-17 | ||
CN2011100644857A CN102157783A (zh) | 2011-03-17 | 2011-03-17 | 双极化宽频辐射单元及阵列天线 |
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CN114069212A (zh) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-02-18 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | 辐射单元及基站天线 |
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