WO2012045103A1 - Unité de détection pour détecter une rupture de conducteur neutre dans un réseau de courant polyphasé symétrique - Google Patents

Unité de détection pour détecter une rupture de conducteur neutre dans un réseau de courant polyphasé symétrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012045103A1
WO2012045103A1 PCT/AT2011/000401 AT2011000401W WO2012045103A1 WO 2012045103 A1 WO2012045103 A1 WO 2012045103A1 AT 2011000401 W AT2011000401 W AT 2011000401W WO 2012045103 A1 WO2012045103 A1 WO 2012045103A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detector unit
sensor
neutral conductor
neutral
conductor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2011/000401
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roman Kolm
Original Assignee
Eaton Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Gmbh filed Critical Eaton Gmbh
Publication of WO2012045103A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012045103A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to mechanical injury, e.g. rupture of line, breakage of earth connection
    • H02H5/105—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to mechanical injury, e.g. rupture of line, breakage of earth connection responsive to deterioration or interruption of earth connection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/54—Testing for continuity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors

Definitions

  • Detector unit for detecting a neutral conductor interruption in one
  • the invention relates to a detector unit for detecting a neutral conductor interruption in a symmetrical polyphase power network according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the resulting loads on consumers can lead to an overload of the same.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a detector unit of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, and with which easily a neutral conductor interruption can be detected in a symmetrical multi-phase power network.
  • a neutral interruption in a symmetrical multi-phase power network can be easily detected.
  • the interruption of the neutral conductor can be reliably detected in cases in which associated with this interruption of the neutral conductor electro-technical effects.
  • a degree of unbalanced load at neutral interruption can be further determined.
  • a shutdown of the power supply in dependence on the actual, in particular unbalanced, load of the outer conductor can be performed.
  • shutdowns can be avoided for reasons that cause no electrical effects in the outer conductors.
  • Such a detector is furthermore simple and can be produced at low cost, whereby the distribution of such detectors can be increased, and consequently the safety in a large number of electrical installations can be increased.
  • the subclaims, which as well as the patent claim 1 simultaneously form part of the description, relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of a detector unit according to the invention as a schematic representation
  • FIG. 2 shows a second preferred embodiment of a detector unit according to the invention as a schematic representation
  • FIG. 3 shows a third preferred embodiment of a detector unit according to the invention as a schematic representation
  • FIG. 4 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of a detector unit according to the invention as a schematic representation
  • FIG. 5 shows a fifth preferred embodiment of a detector unit according to the invention together with a switching device as a schematic representation
  • Fig. 6 shows a sixth preferred embodiment of a detector unit according to the invention as a schematic representation.
  • a neutral conductor interruption in a symmetrical multi-phase power network 2 can be easily recognized.
  • the interruption of the neutral conductor N can be reliably detected in cases in which this interruption of the neutral conductor N is accompanied by electro-technical effects.
  • a degree of unbalanced load at neutral interruption can be further determined.
  • a shutdown of the power supply in response to the actual, in particular unbalanced, load of the outer conductor LI, L2, L3 are performed.
  • shutdowns can be avoided for reasons which do not cause electro-technical effects in the outer conductors LI, L2, L3.
  • Such a detector unit 1 is further easy to manufacture and at low cost, whereby the spread of such detector units 1 can be increased, and consequently the safety in a variety of electrical systems can be increased.
  • a symmetrical polyphase current network 2 can be any type of corresponding power network which has a plurality of outer conductors LI, L2, L3 and a neutral conductor N, wherein the line voltages in the outer conductors LI, L2, L3 each phase by the same amount or phase angle are shifted.
  • any number of outer conductors LI, L2, L3 may be provided, in particular, three outer conductors LI, L2, L3 are provided, the outer conductor voltages are each phase-shifted by a phase angle of 120 °.
  • the application can be provided with any other number of outer conductors, such as two outer conductors LI, L2 or four outer conductors.
  • the polyphase power network 2 is next to the representation of the three outer conductors LI, L2, L3 and the neutral conductor N further illustrated by the box 2, which symbolizes a power supply network as such. Furthermore, in FIGS. 1 to 6, an unspecified load 16 is symbolically registered, wherein the corresponding connecting lines between the individual outer and neutral conductors LI, L2, L3, N and the load 16 in FIGS. 1 to 6 are not registered ,
  • Inventive detector units 1 can be designed as separate and independent electrical devices, comprising an insulating material housing and connections for electrical conductors, or be integrated into other electrical devices, such as circuit breakers.
  • the outer conductors LI, L2, L3 are each connected to a neutral point 6 by means of stubs 3, 4, 5 themselves or the same impedance.
  • the first outer conductor LI is connected by means of a first stub line 3, the second outer conductor L2 by means of a second stub 4 and the third outer conductor L3 by means of a third stub 5 to the neutral point 6.
  • the individual branch lines 3, 4, 5 are each T-shaped with a first end having an outer conductor LI, L2, L3 connected in terms of circuitry, wherein the respective second ends of the individual stubs 3, 4, 5 are interconnected circuitry in a star point 6.
  • the first, second and third stubs 3, 4, 5 have substantially the same impedance.
  • the relevant branch lines 3, 4, 5 have at least the same impedance or the same electrical resistance at least at the operating frequency of the relevant polyphase current network 2.
  • each of the stubs 3, 4, 5 at least one electrical component 8 is arranged to provide the corresponding impedance. It is preferably provided that the at least one electrical component 8 is a passive electrical component, wherein the formation of the same is particularly preferred as an ohmic resistor 9 and / or coil and / or varistor.
  • the stub lines 3, 4, 5 or the electrical components 8 arranged therein have a high impedance, preferably at least in the kilo-ohm range, in particular in the megohm range, in order to compensate for any compensating currents between the individual outer conductors LI, L2, L3 to keep small, and to keep the, in particular thermal, stress on the stubs 3, 4, 5 low.
  • the detector unit 1 further comprises at least a first sensor 7, to Detecting, in particular for measuring, the potential difference between the neutral point 6 and the neutral conductor N.
  • the first sensor 7 is preferably at least indirectly connected to the star point 6 and the neutral conductor N circuit technology, or at least parts of the first sensor with the neutral point 6 and the neutral conductor N are connected by circuitry.
  • the first sensor 7 may be designed as any type of sensor which allows detection of an electric potential difference between two points. According to a first preferred embodiment, it is provided that the first sensor 7 is designed as a voltage sensor V. As a result, an immediate measurement of the height of the potential difference is possible. Due to the high resistance of conventional voltage sensors V or voltmeter, in such a design hardly equalizing currents flow between the neutral point 6 and an optionally interrupted neutral conductor N.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment with a first sensor 7 designed as a voltage sensor V.
  • the first sensor 7 is designed as a current sensor A. Since current sensors A, such as conventional ammeters, have a low internal resistance, it is provided in this connection, the stubs 3, 4, 5 form high impedance. 2 shows such a second preferred embodiment with a first sensor 7 designed as a current sensor A.
  • a measuring transducer 10 such as a summation current transformer 21, as it does is preferably provided in the later described combined training of the detector with a residual current circuit breaker 15.
  • an existing current sensor such as the summation current transformer 21 of a residual current circuit breaker 15, further be used for detecting a possible neutral conductor interruption.
  • a detector unit 1 according to the invention has at least one sensor output, on which a measurement signal of the first sensor 7 or a variable modified from such a measurement signal is output.
  • Such particularly simple embodiments of a detector unit 1 according to the invention itself have no device for further evaluation of the measurement signal of the first sensor 7. This is advantageous in the case of the use of such detector units 1 in computer-monitored systems in which, for example, a PC enters the corresponding measured values and monitors them with regard to exceeding a limit value.
  • switching operations can be controlled, whereby, in the case of a detected neutral conductor interruption, the corresponding subnet can be switched off by a switching order of the monitoring computer.
  • the assembly 20 may comprise a simple connection line between the output of the first sensor 7 or sensor output and the first output 12 of the detector unit 1.
  • the assembly 20 has an electrical measuring amplifier, and / or an evaluation circuit 1 explained in more detail below.
  • the first sensor 7 is connected to an evaluation circuit 11, which is designed to compare at least one sensor output signal of the first sensor 7 with a first limit value. It can be provided that such an evaluation circuit 1 1 is designed as a structural unit with the respective applied at least one first sensor 7.
  • the evaluation circuit 1 1 preferably has at least one mechanical and / or electrical first output 12, for causing an opening operation of a first switching device 14 and / or for displaying an operating state, and is preferably at least indirectly operatively connected to display elements and / or with isolating contacts 13.
  • this is comprehensively designed as a limit value switch, wherein an electrical and / or mechanical output signal is generated when a limit value is exceeded.
  • Such an output signal is preferably provided in order to control a first signal means, such as a lamp or a loudspeaker, to which first signal means the evaluation circuit 11 is optionally connected by circuitry.
  • the corresponding output signal is intended to cause a switching device 14 or - if provided - separating contacts 13 of the detector unit 1 to separate the respective contact pairs.
  • the evaluation circuit 1 1 is designed for further evaluation of the output signal, and / or for monitoring further criteria.
  • the evaluation circuit 11 has a microprocessor.
  • a time delay circuit inhibit the effect of the evaluation circuit 11 and / or the first output 12 is provided.
  • the evaluation circuit 1 1 and / or the first output 12 can be inhibited for a predefinable or predetermined period of time. Therefore, detected errors that only prevail during the relevant time period are ignored and do not trigger.
  • Such a time delay circuit can be implemented, for example, by an energy storage circuit in which, for example, a capacitor is charged until it reaches a certain state of charge. In this case, other circuit arrangements can also be provided, for providing a time delay.
  • the time delay circuit is designed such that the effect of the evaluation circuit 1 1 and / or the first output 12 are inhibited during commissioning of the detector unit 1 according to the invention for a predetermined or predetermined period of time, as one during commissioning
  • the detected potential difference can be attributed to the activation of the detector unit 1 itself.
  • the period of time is preferably to be chosen such that after its expiry in a test or rule no potential difference between the star point 6 and the neutral conductor N prevails, which is due to the commissioning of the detector unit 1, and is preferably a function of the concrete Design a detector unit 1 pretend.
  • Such a time delay circuit may, for example, be implemented in terms of circuitry such that the time delay circuit is additionally coupled to a digital circuit which activates the time delay circuit only at the first occurring current pulse.
  • the detector unit 1 has no other parts than those required for the detection of a neutral conductor interruption according to the invention, as well as the output of a corresponding output signal.
  • the detector unit 1 has isolating contacts 13, which in each case in the first outer conductor LI and / or the second outer conductor L2 and / or the third outer conductor L3 and / or the neutral conductor N are arranged. As a result, no further switching device 14 is required in order to switch off the relevant subnetwork in the event of an occurring neutral conductor interruption.
  • isolating contacts 13 may be arranged at any point in the respective outer conductors LI, L2, L3 and the neutral conductor N per se. It is preferably provided that the isolating contacts 13 between the physical contacting of the stub 3, 4, 5 are arranged on the outer conductors LI, L2, L3, and the point of the neutral conductor N, at which the Potential is decreased, which is compared with the potential of the star point 6.
  • the arrangement of the isolating contacts can be influenced by further technical or legal conditions.
  • the isolating contacts 13 between the circuit connection of the stub 3, 4, 5 are arranged with the outer conductors LI, L2, L3 and the circuit connection of the first sensor 7 to the neutral conductor N. As a result, it can also be determined whether the separating contacts 13 arranged in the neutral conductor N are closed.
  • the isolating contacts 13 are arranged together on a common switching shaft 18, and operated together.
  • the evaluation circuit 1 1 is at least indirectly operatively connected to the isolating contacts 13.
  • the isolating contacts 13 are actuated by a switching mechanism 17. This allows a particularly fast and safe opening of the isolating contacts 13 can be ensured.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 the particularly preferred embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described.
  • the detector unit according to FIG. 1 has a first sensor 7, which is designed as a voltage sensor V. In the voltage sensor V while an evaluation circuit 1 1 is integrated. In this embodiment, the voltage sensor V further has an electromechanical release 19, which is in mechanical operative connection with the switching mechanism 17.
  • the switching mechanism 17 acts on the integrated isolating contacts 13, which are arranged both in all outer conductors LI, L2, L3, as well as in the neutral conductor N.
  • the isolating contacts 13 are arranged according to the above-described preferred embodiment between the contacting of the outer conductor LI, L2, L3 through the stub lines 3, 4, 5, as well as the contacting of the lead of the first sensor 7 to the neutral conductor N.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a detector unit 1 equivalent to FIG. 1, wherein only the first sensor 7 is designed as a current sensor A.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a detector unit 1, the current sensor A comprising a current transformer or measuring transducer 10 being formed.
  • the transducer 10 controls the switching mechanism 17 via an electromechanical drive 19.
  • the further construction is essentially identical to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows a residual current circuit breaker 15 with a detector unit according to the invention 1.
  • the residual current circuit breaker 15 has a summation current converter 21 for detecting an occurring fault current.
  • the summation current transformer 21 is designed as a first sensor 7.
  • the summation current transformer 21 of the residual current circuit breaker 15 therefore acts as the first sensor 7, wherein a separately designed further first sensor can be dispensed with.
  • a summation current transformer 21 of a residual current circuit breaker 15 is generally a high-quality current transformer.
  • the summation current transformer 21 can fulfill a further purpose.
  • the functionality of such a switching device can be considerably expanded by only a small circuit complexity, or low component cost.
  • the summation current transformer 21 is arranged between the contacting of the outer conductor LI, L2, L3 through the stub lines 3, 4, 5, as well as a circuit connection 22 of the neutral point 6 with the neutral conductor N acts, via this electrical connection 22 outside the summation current transformer 21st passed electrical current, such as a fault current, and is detected by the summation current transformer.
  • the impedance of the stubs 3, 4, 5 can be specified in this embodiment, the limit of potential difference at which the residual current circuit breaker 15 triggers, without affecting the function of the fault current tripping at a certain fault current value.
  • test leads 3, 4, 5 at least one test button is arranged circuitry. This makes it possible to interrupt the relevant stub 3, 4, 5, in which the test button is arranged. In this way, a fault current can be simulated and a functional test of the fault current trip can be carried out.
  • FIG 5 shows an arrangement of a detector unit 1 according to the invention, without isolating contacts 13, and a separate switching device 14, which is controlled via the first output 12.
  • the switching device 14 is connected for this purpose with the detector unit 1 circuitry.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Unité de détection (1) pour détecter une rupture de conducteur neutre dans un réseau de courant polyphasé (2) symétrique comportant au moins un premier conducteur extérieur (L1), un deuxième conducteur extérieur (L2) et un conducteur neutre (N). L'invention vise à permettre une détection simple d'une rupture de conducteur neutre dans un réseau de courant polyphasé symétrique. A cet effet, les conducteurs extérieurs (L1, L2) sont reliés respectivement par des tronçons de ligne (3,4) de même impédance à un point neutre (6), et l'unité de détection (1) comporte au moins un premier capteur (7) pour détecter et notamment pour mesurer une différence de potentiel entre le point neutre (6) et le conducteur neutre (N).
PCT/AT2011/000401 2010-10-04 2011-09-29 Unité de détection pour détecter une rupture de conducteur neutre dans un réseau de courant polyphasé symétrique WO2012045103A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1654/2010A AT510534A1 (de) 2010-10-04 2010-10-04 Detektoreinheit zum erkennen einer neutralleiterunterbrechung in einem symmetrischen mehrphasenstromnetz
ATA1654/2010 2010-10-04

Publications (1)

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WO2012045103A1 true WO2012045103A1 (fr) 2012-04-12

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PCT/AT2011/000401 WO2012045103A1 (fr) 2010-10-04 2011-09-29 Unité de détection pour détecter une rupture de conducteur neutre dans un réseau de courant polyphasé symétrique

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WO (1) WO2012045103A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220276296A1 (en) * 2021-02-26 2022-09-01 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. Fault detection method and apparatus for three-phase power distribution system
GB2620410A (en) * 2022-07-06 2024-01-10 Greentec International Ltd Voltage-based disconnection of electric vehicle supply equipment
WO2024035250A1 (fr) * 2022-08-08 2024-02-15 Vuletik Jovica Dispositif de protection contre la rupture du neutre dans des installations electriques basse tension

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2700145A1 (de) * 1977-01-04 1978-07-13 Lauerer Friedrich Fehlerstromschutzschaltung
DE2825442A1 (de) * 1978-06-09 1979-12-13 Lauerer Friedrich Fehlerstrom-schutzschalter
GB2117196A (en) * 1982-03-03 1983-10-05 Ronald Charles Adey Detecting faults in a multi phase AC supply
AT406208B (de) * 1997-01-24 2000-03-27 Felten & Guilleaume Ag Oester Fi-schutzschalter mit überspannungsauslösung
EP1267466A2 (fr) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-18 Heinrich Kopp AG Circuit de déclenchement à manque de tension
DE102006006350A1 (de) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-16 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erdschlusserfassung in einem Versorgungskabel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612951A (en) * 1968-03-26 1971-10-12 Samuel Cohen Johananoff Safety device for use with electric installations
FR2671240B1 (fr) * 1990-12-28 1996-07-12 Electricite De France Dispositif de commande d'un disjoncteur en cas de rupture de la ligne neutre.
DE4339241C2 (de) * 1993-11-12 1995-09-07 Schleicher Relais Schaltungsanordnung zur Überwachung und Erkennung des Ausfalls des Nulleiters oder eines Phasenleiters eines Drehstromnetzes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2700145A1 (de) * 1977-01-04 1978-07-13 Lauerer Friedrich Fehlerstromschutzschaltung
DE2825442A1 (de) * 1978-06-09 1979-12-13 Lauerer Friedrich Fehlerstrom-schutzschalter
GB2117196A (en) * 1982-03-03 1983-10-05 Ronald Charles Adey Detecting faults in a multi phase AC supply
AT406208B (de) * 1997-01-24 2000-03-27 Felten & Guilleaume Ag Oester Fi-schutzschalter mit überspannungsauslösung
EP1267466A2 (fr) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-18 Heinrich Kopp AG Circuit de déclenchement à manque de tension
DE102006006350A1 (de) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-16 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erdschlusserfassung in einem Versorgungskabel

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220276296A1 (en) * 2021-02-26 2022-09-01 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. Fault detection method and apparatus for three-phase power distribution system
US11808799B2 (en) * 2021-02-26 2023-11-07 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. Fault detection method and apparatus for three-phase power distribution system
GB2620410A (en) * 2022-07-06 2024-01-10 Greentec International Ltd Voltage-based disconnection of electric vehicle supply equipment
WO2024009103A1 (fr) * 2022-07-06 2024-01-11 Greentec International Limited Déconnexion, basée sur la tension, d'un équipement d'alimentation de véhicule électrique
WO2024035250A1 (fr) * 2022-08-08 2024-02-15 Vuletik Jovica Dispositif de protection contre la rupture du neutre dans des installations electriques basse tension

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