WO2011126706A2 - Matériaux imprimables et procédés de fabrication associés - Google Patents

Matériaux imprimables et procédés de fabrication associés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011126706A2
WO2011126706A2 PCT/US2011/028979 US2011028979W WO2011126706A2 WO 2011126706 A2 WO2011126706 A2 WO 2011126706A2 US 2011028979 W US2011028979 W US 2011028979W WO 2011126706 A2 WO2011126706 A2 WO 2011126706A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
silver
printable ink
ink according
amine
conductivity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2011/028979
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011126706A3 (fr
Inventor
Derek Alexander Graham
Bin Wei
Riju Davis
Original Assignee
Henkel Corporation
Henkel Ag & Co.Kgaa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Corporation, Henkel Ag & Co.Kgaa filed Critical Henkel Corporation
Publication of WO2011126706A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011126706A2/fr
Publication of WO2011126706A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011126706A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/02—Printing inks
    • C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to printable materials and methods of manufacture thereof.
  • printable materials comprising metals such as copper, gold and silver.
  • Silver is the preferred metal.
  • the present invention relates to printable compositions of such metals and in particular silver.
  • the materials when printed onto a substrate can form conductive pathways. Any suitable method of printing is of interest including ink-jet printing.
  • the applications of the conductive patterns require highly functional materials such as inks that will meet the performance requirements of the application.
  • the materials of interest for forming conductive pathways are also easily applied, for example by printing, and it is further desirable that the materials can be processed at low temperatures.
  • silver nanoparticles have been employed to make functional inks which can be ink-jet printed and then transformed thermally to dense highly conductive silver films.
  • the films are formed based on low temperature sintering behaviour of the very small metal particles (typically ⁇ 100nm) where essentially the smaller particle the lower the sintering temperature. Resistivities of the order 1.5 x 10 '5 ohm.cm from 30-50 nm particles at sintering temperatures of 150°C have been reported. Other methods have achieved resistivities of 9 x 10" 6 ohmxm but at a lower temperature of 120°C.
  • compositions based on silver nanoparticles are useful there are a number of issues to be dealt with when preparing and utilising such materials.
  • the synthesis of the particles themselves can be complex for example with a considerable number of complex separations.
  • the processes tend to be wasteful in the consumption of other chemicals such as stabiliser and solvent.
  • Small metallic nanoparticles are very difficult to keep col!oidally stable which necessitates the inclusion of a suitable surfactant stabiliser.
  • the surfactant must either be volatilised or at the very least be removed from the silver particle surface. This leads to a difficult balance between colloidal stability and ease of sintering. This balance becomes more difficult to maintain as the particle size becomes smaller especially at sizes at or smaller than about 20 nm.
  • An alternative approach to the nanoparticle approach is the use of a precursor material which is transformed, typically by decomposition, and after printing, into the metal material.
  • a precursor material which is transformed, typically by decomposition, and after printing, into the metal material.
  • the chemical change may be induced by heating, for example sufficient heat to cause decomposition of the metal precursor material to form the metal.
  • the decomposition temperature can be controlled by precursor reactivity.
  • US Patent Publication 2006/001726 describes silver precursor materials which are reduced by a reducing agent to form the elemental silver metal.
  • the precursor materials comprise silver nitrate and other silver materials as set out in Table 1 of that document. Copper formate, is mentioned as a possible additional component.
  • the present invention provides compositions suitable for printing to form silver layers and processes for preparing those compositions.
  • the present invention provides a unique chemistry and process for the manufacture of silver based precursor inks. These can be readily applied by, e.g. spin coating or printing technologies, to a suitable substrate. They can then be thermally transformed to silver which attains excellent electrical properties at temperatures and for reaction times significantly lower than described in the prior art.
  • One particular end use application of the present invention is to provide for printing application of silver films.
  • the technology of the present invention is suitable for printing onto many types of substrate including glass, plastics including polyesters such as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) and tapes for use in the electronics industry including soldering tapes for example polyimide tapes such as those sold under the trade name apton tape by DuPont.
  • the technology of the present invention is suitable for many end-use applications including printing for example in applications as printable conductive inks, in ink-jet printing, in the manufacture of printed circuits, in the manufacture of flat panel displays and RFID devices.
  • the present invention provides a printable ink comprising:
  • a silver precursor which is a silver complex formed by reaction of at least one of silver formate or silver oxalate with a stabilising agent.
  • compositions of the invention have been shown to demonstrate excellent properties when printed.
  • the silver precursor is present in an amount from 15 to 30 % by weight of the composition, for example 17 to 27% by weight of the composition desirably ideally 20 to 25% by weight of the composition.
  • the stabilising agent is selected from any suitable type including amines, oximes, hydrazones, guanidines, hydrazides, carbazones and combinations thereof.
  • the stabilising agent comprises amine.
  • Suitable amines include for example primary, secondary amines and include cyclic amines and combinations thereof.
  • Suitable amines include aliphatic amines including C
  • the amine may be an amino alcohol including C1-C16 amino alcohols. Examples include, ethanolamine, propanolamine including isopropanolamine and combinations thereof.
  • the stabilising agent comprises oxime.
  • Suitable oximes include aldoximes and ketoximes and combinations thereof.
  • Suitable oximes the oxime is an aldoxime or ketoxime optionally selected from including Ci-C ⁇ aldoximes or ketoximes and combinations thereof.
  • the oximes may include acetoneoxime, methylaldoxime, and methylethylketoxime and combinations thereof.
  • the stabilising agent is present in an amount from 5 to 10% by weight of the ink composition.
  • the average nanoparticle size is the range from 5 nm to 10 nm.
  • the liquid medium comprises a polar solvent, including polar organic solvents and includes alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol, acetone and water and combinations thereof.
  • polar solvent including polar organic solvents and includes alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol, acetone and water and combinations thereof.
  • the liquid medium comprises ethyl alcohol.
  • the liquid medium forms 70 to 80 % by weight of the composition.
  • composition may further comprise a conductivity-promoting component such as oxalic acid, formic acid and combinations thereof. It is to be noted however that such a component is not necessary as the conductivity achieved even without such a component may be close to that of bulk silver.
  • the invention also relates to a process for manufacturing a printable ink comprising: a silver precursor which is a silver complex formed by reaction of at least one of silver formate or silver oxalate with a stabilising agent, in a suitable liquid medium.
  • the process of the invention may further comprise the step of reacting silver formate or silver oxalate with a stabilising agent to form the silver complex.
  • the liquid medium forms a liquid vehicle for printing the silver precursor onto a substrate.
  • the amount of liquid of the liquid medium may be reduced to increase the silver precursor concentration.
  • the liquid medium may be taken off, for example, drawn off by vacuum, desirably while being maintained at temperature of less than about 0 °C.
  • One specific process of the invention is a process for the manufacture of a silver complex formed by reaction of silver formate or oxalate with an amine comprising the step of: reacting the silver formate or oxalate with the amine in a suitable liquid medium at a temperature of less •than about 0 °C.
  • the invention also relates to a printer having a supply of printable ink, for example a reservoir of printable ink such as an ink cartridge, wherein the ink is as an ink of the present • invention.
  • a printer having a supply of printable ink, for example a reservoir of printable ink such as an ink cartridge, wherein the ink is as an ink of the present • invention.
  • the invention further relates to an applied material including a printed material comprising the print product of a printable ink according to the present invention.
  • the invention also relates to the print product of a printable ink of the present invention.
  • the applied material may be treated, for example exposed to a fluid form of, a conductivity-promoting component.
  • the conductivity-promoting component is an organic acid optionally selected from oxalic acid and formic acid and combinations thereof.
  • the invention further relates to a material which is formed by sintering of an ink composition of the present invention after application thereof to a substrate.
  • a sintered material formed by ink applied to a substrate that has been treated with a conductivity-promoting component such as an acid.
  • a conductivity-promoting component such as an acid.
  • One suitable acid is formic acid.
  • the material is sintered while being contacted with the conductivity-promoting component.
  • the conductivity-promoting component may be in a liquid or gas phase including a vapour phase.
  • sintering can take place where a substrate with ink applied thereto is sintering while in an enclosed atmosphere that has a gaseous form of the conductivity-promoting component.
  • the conductivity-promoting component may be an organic acid optionally selected from oxalic acid and formic acid and combinations thereof.
  • the invention extends to a device having a conductive material applied thereto which conductive material is a product of an ink composition of the invention or a sintered material formed by the composition of the invention.
  • the invention further relates to a process for sintering an applied silver material which silver material is a silver complex formed by reaction of at least one of silver formate or silver oxalate with a stabilising agent which process includes the step of sintering the applied silver material while in contact with a conductivity-promoting component.
  • the conductivity- promoting component is desirably an organic acid optionally selected from oxalic acid and formic acid and combinations thereof.
  • the conductivity-promoting component may be in a liquid form for example in a liquid medium. Desirably the conductivity-promoting component is in a gaseous form for example in a gaseous medium.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a method for preparing a silver precursor (formate) solution according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an image of a modified rotary evaporator for solvent removal.
  • Figure 3 is a graph (Y axis is height in microns; X axis is scan range in microns) illustrating the measured profile and electrical properties of silver film prepared using silver formate and sintered at 100°C.
  • Figure 4 is a graph (Y axis is height in microns; X axis is scan range in microns) illustrating the measured profile and electrical properties of silver film prepared using silver formate and sintered at 130°C
  • Figure 5 is a graph (Y axis is height in microns; X axis is scan range in
  • microns illustrating the measured profile and resistivity of a silver film prepared using silver formate and sintered at 100°C.
  • Figure 6 is a graph (Y axis is height in microns; X axis is scan range in microns) illustrating the measured profile and resistivity of a silver film prepared using silver formate and sintered at 130°C.
  • Figure 7 is a series of SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) images of sectioned silver films on glass, top left 100°C for 1 minute, top right 100°C for 10 minutes, bottom left 130°C for 1 minute and bottom right 130°C for 10 minutes.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic representation of preparation of a silver oxalate ink.
  • One aspect of the invention is to provide a desirable precursor chemistry and in these experiments a desirable amine precursor chemistry.
  • a suitable silver salt is important.
  • Another example of a silver compound employed by the present invention is silver oxalate. These materials are not available commercially so we describe as part of the invention a synthetic method for their routine manufacture in high yield and purity.
  • Silver formate is prepared from silver nitrate and sodium formate in aqueous solution.
  • the optimum stoichiometry is 1 :3 as follows,
  • Silver formate is only slightly soluble in water and precipitates out of solution upon mixing. Silver formate is a metastable compound and decomposes to silver quite rapidly at any stoichiometry below 1 :2. Beyond 1 :3 no improvement in yield was observed. Yields are however substantially improved and decomposition limited (essentially to zero) by carrying the precipitation in the cold at or near 0°C.
  • a typical preparation is as follows.
  • a solution of 1.71 g (10 mmol) of silver nitrate is dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water and placed in a domestic fridge or preferably an ice bath until it equilibrates. Similarly a solution of 3.4g of sodium formate (30 mmol) in 20 ml is also prepared. These are then mixed together whereupon a milky white precipitate forms. This is rapidly filtered and washed whilst cold (it helps to chill the filter funnel prior to use). Washing is carried out with 2 x 25 ml portions of ice cold water followed by 1 x 25 ml of ice cold ethanol. The yield of 80% is based on the initial quantity of silver nitrate. The remaining silver (i.e.
  • Silver formate is light sensitive and will slowly turn grey then black on standing in air. This is exacerbated by higher temperature. For this reason the ethanol wet solid prepared above is not dried, it is preferably used immediately to make the precursor solution. It is however possible to store it (ethanol wet) in a domestic freezer for several weeks (in the dark) without any obvious decomposition.
  • the water bath of the rotary evaporator is filled with ice/water.
  • the in-built condenser is not used. Instead the ethanol is isolated using an in line dry ice trap.
  • the procedure is relatively slow and allows the option for all or some of the ethanol to be removed. This allows simple concentration to the desired level of silver or complete removal for formulation into another solvent combination.
  • Our standard procedure is to remove sufficient ethanol to leave an ethanol amine complex with approximately 20% w/w silver.
  • the present invention has also been carried out using silver oxalate which can produce films which have a similar conductivity to those formed using silver formate and when annealed at 140 °C. With an additional acid treatment (see below), sintering at only 100 °C and for 10 min achieves the same level of conductivity.
  • Silver oxalate can be prepared from silver nitrate and oxalic acid dihydrate in aqueous solution (as set out also in Figure 8).
  • An exemplary stoichiometry is 2:3.
  • Oxalic acid dihydrate 30 g is dissolved in 350 ml water. Separately 30 g of silver nitrate is dissolved in 120 ml water. Then the silver nitrate solution is added to the oxalic acid solution in a dropwise manner, while the oxalic acid solution is stirred. Silver oxalate instantly formed and white precipitation immediately appeared as the oxalic acid solution is added.
  • the solution was filtered to remove the water, using 1 ⁇ filter paper. The filtrate was washed with water twice to remove the soluble components and any residual acid. Then the filtrate was further washed with ethanol twice. The filtrate cake was finally crushed into powdery state and vacuum dried overnight at room temperature. White powder of silver oxalate was thus obtained.
  • the yield of silver oxalate is > 95%w.
  • the silver oxalate powder was dissolved in a mixture of solvents. 25 g of silver oxalate powder was weighed out and put into 50 g of ethanol. The white powder did not dissolve at this stage and precipitated to the bottom. The suspension was continuously stirred and cooled with an ice bath. Then 50 g of isopropanolamine was added to the suspension in a drop manner in about 10 min. Furthermore, 12.5 g of octylamine was added to the mixture. The silver oxalate started dissolving. Then the sample was taken out of the ice bath and continued to be stirred at room temperature for about 2 hours until a pale yellow solution was obtained.
  • the solution was aged at room temperature for up to 2 weeks. Some dark precipitation was observed during the aging. After aging, the solution was centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 1 hour to remove the solid content. A transparent ink in which was light yellow was thus obtained. The ink is stable at room temperature for more than a month. Nonetheless as silver oxalate is sensitive to light it is recommended to store the ink in darkness.
  • the coated slide was annealed at 140 °C for 30 minutes on a hot plate.
  • the resistance was measured with a standard 4-wire probe (discussed in detail below).
  • the film thickness was measured with a Veeco white light interferometer (discussed in more detail below). The results of representative examples are listed in the table below.
  • a process was then developed to decrease the sintering temperature of the silver oxalate ink.
  • Low temperature sintering expands the application of the ink to temperature sensitive substrates such as plastic and paper.
  • promoting sintering using acid can effectively decrease the sintering temperature by at least 10 °C.
  • the acid treatment can also accelerate the sintering. Films have been found highly conductive after annealing at 100 °C or lower for only 10 min.
  • Process (1) A hot plate was placed in a vapor chamber saturated with formic acid vapour.
  • the formic acid vapour was generated with boiling formic acid inside the chamber.
  • the formic acid vapour can also be generated outside of the chamber and be fed into the chamber for example with a carrier gas such as air.
  • the temperature of the hot plate was controlled to be at 130 °C.
  • the film was dried at 130 °C for about 2 minutes on another hot plate in air free of acidic vapour. Then the film was transferred to the hot plate inside the chamber and was annealed for 30 minutes.
  • the data in the table below clearly illustrate that the annealing in an environment with formic acid improves the conductivity of the films.
  • Process (2) A film of silver oxalate ink was dip coated on a glass slide. Then the film was annealed on a hot plate. The hot plate temperature was 130 °C, 120 °C or 100 °C. The annealing time was 10, 20, or 30 minutes. The film was taken away from the hot plate and cooled down to room temperature. The cooled film was dipped into formic acid liquid. Finally the film was dried again on the hot plate for 2 minutes. The data in the table below again illustrate that the formic acid promoted the sintering of the film. The resistance decreased from values in the region of mega ohms to the level of 10 *2 ohms. Meanwhile, the sintering temperature was decreased from 1 0 °C to 130 °C, or even 100 °C and below. The annealing time was decreased from 30 minutes to 10 minutes or shorter.
  • the concentrated precursor described above although not formulated for ink jet printing, readily wets common substrates such as glass. This allows us to use spin coating as a quick and convenient technique for assessing the film properties.
  • Samples of the precursor prepared above were spin coated onto glass slides and these were then subsequently heated at temperatures at both 100°C and 130°C for 10 minutes.
  • the electrical resistance of the coated slides was measured by a standard 4-wire method to eliminate contact resistance.
  • the 4- wire measurement system consists of a Lucas Labs 302 Resistivity Stand (Lucas Signatone Corp, Gilroy, CA) and a Keithley 2010 multimeter (Keithley Instruments Inc., Cleveland, OH). A line was then etched in the film so that the substrate was exposed and served as the baseline for the thickness measurement.
  • precursor decomposition proceeds initially with the formation of silver nanoparticles. As the decomposition continues these individual particles get bigger and then merge into one another and ultimately form a network of connected sintered particles.
  • octylamine which is known to act as a stabiliser.
  • Octylamine is known to be a good capping agent and stabiliser and has been used successfully in the preparation of stable silver nanoparticles.
  • Figure 7 shows SEM images of sectioned silver films (prepared as described above utlising solver formate and octylamine) on glass and exposed to heating regime as follows: top left 100°C for 1 minute, top right 100°C for 10 minutes, bottom left 130°C for 1 minute and bottom right I30°C for 10 minutes.
  • the SEMs showed that within 1 minute, the ink formed nanoparticles. In such a short time the particles had already started sintering together to form a continuous conductive network. Longer annealing time (10 min) resulted in that the particles being completely fused together and forming large continuous domains.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des matériaux imprimables et des procédés de fabrication associés. La présente invention concerne en particulier des matériaux imprimables qui comprennent des métaux tels que du cuivre, de l'or et de l'argent. L'argent est le métal préféré. La présente invention concerne des compositions imprimables constituées de tels métaux et en particulier d'argent. Les matériaux, lorsqu'ils sont imprimés sur un substrat, peuvent former des voies de passage conductrices. Un quelconque procédé approprié d'impression est considéré, y compris l'impression à jet d'encre.
PCT/US2011/028979 2010-04-09 2011-03-18 Matériaux imprimables et procédés de fabrication associés WO2011126706A2 (fr)

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US20120043510A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2012-02-23 Yamagata University Coated silver nanoparticles and manufacturing method therefor
WO2013096664A1 (fr) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-27 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Composition d'encre pour fabriquer une structure d'argent conductrice
CN103338884A (zh) * 2011-02-04 2013-10-02 国立大学法人山形大学 包覆金属微粒及其制造方法
CN104080562A (zh) * 2012-01-11 2014-10-01 国立大学法人山形大学 银纳米粒子的制造方法及银纳米粒子以及银涂料组合物
EP3085811A1 (fr) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-26 Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Compositions ag à basse température
US9982154B2 (en) 2014-04-17 2018-05-29 Electroninks Incorporated Solid ink composition
US20180312710A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2018-11-01 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Silver-organo-complex ink with high conductivity and inkjet stability
WO2018210597A1 (fr) 2017-05-15 2018-11-22 Basf Se Procédé pour la préparation de couches de nanoparticules métalliques et leur utilisation pour des éléments décoratifs ou de sécurité
WO2019020682A1 (fr) 2017-07-28 2019-01-31 Basf Se Procédé de préparation de couches de nanoparticules métalliques et leur utilisation pour des éléments décoratifs ou de sécurité
CN110463362A (zh) * 2017-02-08 2019-11-15 加拿大国家研究委员会 修饰金属导电层的方法
EP3751574A2 (fr) 2014-06-25 2020-12-16 Canary Medical Inc. Dispositifs, systèmes et procédés d'utilisation et de surveillance de matériel orthopédique
CN113843549A (zh) * 2021-11-18 2021-12-28 深圳先进电子材料国际创新研究院 一种银焊膏烧结助剂及其制备方法和应用
EP4212113A1 (fr) 2014-06-25 2023-07-19 Canary Medical Switzerland AG Dispositif de surveillance d'implants rachidiens

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CN104736483A (zh) * 2012-10-29 2015-06-24 阿尔法金属公司 烧结粉末
JP6694115B2 (ja) * 2018-02-02 2020-05-13 松田産業株式会社 シュウ酸銀

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Cited By (23)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120043510A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2012-02-23 Yamagata University Coated silver nanoparticles and manufacturing method therefor
US9496068B2 (en) * 2009-04-17 2016-11-15 Yamagata University Coated silver nanoparticles and manufacturing method therefor
US9490044B2 (en) 2011-02-04 2016-11-08 Yamagata University Coated metal fine particle and manufacturing method thereof
US10071426B2 (en) 2011-02-04 2018-09-11 Yamagata University Coated metal fine particle and manufacturing method thereof
CN103338884A (zh) * 2011-02-04 2013-10-02 国立大学法人山形大学 包覆金属微粒及其制造方法
US20130334470A1 (en) * 2011-02-04 2013-12-19 Yamagata University Coated metal fine particle and manufacturing method thereof
CN103338884B (zh) * 2011-02-04 2017-07-21 国立大学法人山形大学 包覆金属微粒及其制造方法
US9469773B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2016-10-18 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Ink composition for making a conductive silver structure
WO2013096664A1 (fr) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-27 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Composition d'encre pour fabriquer une structure d'argent conductrice
CN104080562B (zh) * 2012-01-11 2017-06-06 国立大学法人山形大学 银纳米粒子的制造方法及银纳米粒子以及银涂料组合物
CN104080562A (zh) * 2012-01-11 2014-10-01 国立大学法人山形大学 银纳米粒子的制造方法及银纳米粒子以及银涂料组合物
US9982154B2 (en) 2014-04-17 2018-05-29 Electroninks Incorporated Solid ink composition
EP4212113A1 (fr) 2014-06-25 2023-07-19 Canary Medical Switzerland AG Dispositif de surveillance d'implants rachidiens
EP3751574A2 (fr) 2014-06-25 2020-12-16 Canary Medical Inc. Dispositifs, systèmes et procédés d'utilisation et de surveillance de matériel orthopédique
EP3085811A1 (fr) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-26 Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Compositions ag à basse température
US10597547B2 (en) * 2015-12-14 2020-03-24 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Silver-organo-complex ink with high conductivity and inkjet stability
US11390768B2 (en) 2015-12-14 2022-07-19 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Silver-organo-complex ink with high conductivity and inkjet stability
US20180312710A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2018-11-01 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Silver-organo-complex ink with high conductivity and inkjet stability
CN110463362A (zh) * 2017-02-08 2019-11-15 加拿大国家研究委员会 修饰金属导电层的方法
WO2018210597A1 (fr) 2017-05-15 2018-11-22 Basf Se Procédé pour la préparation de couches de nanoparticules métalliques et leur utilisation pour des éléments décoratifs ou de sécurité
WO2019020682A1 (fr) 2017-07-28 2019-01-31 Basf Se Procédé de préparation de couches de nanoparticules métalliques et leur utilisation pour des éléments décoratifs ou de sécurité
US11643561B2 (en) 2017-07-28 2023-05-09 Basf Se Process for the preparation of metallic nano-particle layers and their use for decorative or security elements
CN113843549A (zh) * 2021-11-18 2021-12-28 深圳先进电子材料国际创新研究院 一种银焊膏烧结助剂及其制备方法和应用

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