WO2011111741A1 - 樹脂モールド - Google Patents
樹脂モールド Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011111741A1 WO2011111741A1 PCT/JP2011/055505 JP2011055505W WO2011111741A1 WO 2011111741 A1 WO2011111741 A1 WO 2011111741A1 JP 2011055505 W JP2011055505 W JP 2011055505W WO 2011111741 A1 WO2011111741 A1 WO 2011111741A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- acrylate
- resin mold
- meth
- mold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3807—Resin-bonded materials, e.g. inorganic particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
- B29C33/58—Applying the releasing agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
- H01L21/0274—Photolithographic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
- B29C2033/385—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by laminating a plurality of layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin mold for transfer, and more particularly to a resin mold containing fluorine.
- micro-processing techniques include, for example, a method of directly micro-processing using an electron beam, and a method of batch drawing on a large area by interference exposure.
- fine pattern processing by a step & repeat method using a stepper device in semiconductor technology is also known.
- each of them requires a plurality of processing steps and requires high capital investment, and it is difficult to say that the technology is good in terms of production time and cost.
- nanoimprint method This is a technology that can be easily transferred and copied to a resin (transfer material) with a processing accuracy of several nanometers to several tens of nanometers using a finely patterned member as a mold. Since it can be carried out at a low cost with a simple process, it has been attracting attention as a precision replication processing technology that is indispensable in industry. It is classified into thermal nanoimprint, optical nanoimprint, room temperature nanoimprint, soft lithography method, etc., depending on the physical properties of transfer materials and processing processes.
- the photo nanoimprint method using a photo-curable resin is easy to apply to a roll-to-roll method process that can be rapidly and repeatedly transferred, and is attractive in terms of throughput.
- the material on the mold side is mainly limited to quartz, sapphire, and glass molds, and due to its rigid material, there is a problem of lack of versatility in continuous manufacturing techniques and processing processes.
- a resin mold having transparency and flexibility is required as an alternative to the rigid mold.
- Patent Document 1 a resin mold having permeability and flexibility has been reported (Patent Document 1), but the thermoplastic resin mold disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not disclose adhesiveness to a substrate.
- the resin material and the transfer material resin to be transferred using the mold are investigated by the inventors. It has become clear that the provision of a resin mold that is excellent in releasability between the two and the durability of the resin mold itself is a new issue.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a transfer material resin having excellent adhesion to a substrate, excellent releasability from a transfer material resin, and excellent durability of the resin mold itself.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a resin mold that can withstand repeated transfer to the substrate.
- the inventors have determined the fluorine element concentration (Es) at the resin surface portion (near the fine concavo-convex structure) in the resin mold as the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold. As described above, it is more preferable that the average fluorine element concentration (Es) on the resin surface portion is larger and the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin is reduced so that nanometer-sized uneven shapes are repeated from the resin to the resin. It has been found that a resin mold that can be transferred is obtained.
- the resin surface portion is improved in releasability from the transfer material resin due to low free energy, Adhesiveness with the base material is improved by keeping the free energy high in the vicinity of the base material in the resin. Furthermore, since the strength of the resin itself is improved by lowering the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin relative to the resin surface portion, it is repeated from the resin mold having a nanometer size uneven shape to the resin. A resin mold that can be transferred can be produced.
- the resin mold (B) produced by transferring from the resin mold (A) to the resin can be repeatedly transferred to the resin, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and a generally expensive master stamper is used. Costs can be absorbed. For this reason, the resin mold which concerns on this invention is industrially useful also from an environmental viewpoint. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- the resin mold of the present invention is a resin mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, and the fluorine element concentration (Es) on the surface of the resin mold is equal to or higher than the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold. It is characterized by being.
- the ratio of the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold to the fluorine element concentration (Es) of the resin mold surface portion satisfies the following formula (1). preferable.
- the total light transmittance at 350 nm to 450 nm is preferably 50% or more.
- the resin mold of the present invention is preferably composed of a cured product of a photopolymerizable mixture formed by optical nanoimprint.
- the photopolymerizable mixture preferably contains (meth) acrylate, fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is 0.1 to 50 parts by weight and the photopolymerization initiator is 0.01 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the (meth) acrylate. It is preferable to contain 10 parts by weight.
- the fine concavo-convex structure preferably has a pitch of 50 nm to 1000 nm and a height of 50 nm to 500 nm.
- the resin mold of the present invention is preferably for nanoimprinting.
- the ratio of the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold and the fluorine element concentration (Es) of the resin mold surface portion satisfies the following formula (2).
- the resin mold of the present invention includes a copolymer comprising fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate and non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, and the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is represented by the following chemical formula (1) and / or Alternatively, it is preferably represented by the following chemical formula (2).
- R1 represents the following chemical formula (3)
- R2 represents the following chemical formula (4).
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- R is H or CH 3.
- the resin mold of the present invention preferably contains 0.8 to 6 parts by weight of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate with respect to 100 parts by weight of the non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate.
- the method for producing a resin mold of the present invention is a method for producing the above resin mold, comprising 100 parts by weight of non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, 0.8 to 6 parts by weight of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, and light.
- a resin mold that can withstand repeated transfer to a transfer material resin, having excellent adhesion to a substrate, excellent releasability from a transfer material resin, and excellent durability of the resin mold itself. Can be provided.
- (meth) acrylate means an acrylate or a methacrylate.
- the resin mold according to the present invention is a resin mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, and the fluorine element concentration (Es) of the resin mold surface portion is equal to or higher than the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold. It is characterized by being.
- the resin surface By setting the fluorine concentration on the resin surface (near the fine concavo-convex structure) in the resin mold to be equal to or higher than the average fluorine concentration of the resin mold, the resin surface has excellent releasability from the transfer material resin due to low free energy, and A resin mold excellent in releasability that can repeatedly transfer resin / resin with nanometer-sized uneven shapes can be obtained, and adhesion can be improved by keeping high free energy in the vicinity of the substrate.
- the fluorine element concentration (Es) on the surface of the resin mold is larger than the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold, the resin surface is separated from the transfer material resin due to low free energy. Resin mold with excellent moldability and releasability that allows repeated resin / resin transfer of nanometer-sized concavo-convex shapes can be obtained. Can be improved.
- the resin mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface the ratio of the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold and the fluorine element concentration (Es) of the mold surface portion is represented by the following formula (1) It is more preferable to satisfy the above condition because the above effect is more exhibited.
- a surface layer having a high fluorine content can be formed, which improves mold release, and preferably 3 ⁇ Es / Eb ⁇ 1500, 10 ⁇ Es / Eb ⁇ . Since it becomes more releasable as it becomes the range of 100, it is preferable.
- the fluorine element concentration (Es) on the surface of the resin mold is the resin mold. Since the free energy on the resin surface is effectively reduced, the releasability from the transfer material resin is improved. Also, by reducing the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin relative to the fluorine element concentration (Es) on the resin mold surface, the strength of the resin itself is improved and the vicinity of the substrate in the resin Then, since free energy can be kept high, adhesiveness with a base material improves.
- a resin mold having excellent adhesion to the substrate, excellent releasability from the transfer material resin, and capable of repeatedly transferring the nanometer-sized uneven shape from the resin to the resin can be obtained.
- it is in the range of 30 ⁇ Es / Eb ⁇ 160 the free energy on the resin surface can be reduced, the strength of the resin can be maintained, and the repetitive transfer property is further improved, and preferably 31 ⁇ Es / Eb. More preferably, ⁇ 155. If 46 ⁇ Es / Eb ⁇ 155, the above effect can be further exhibited, which is preferable.
- the resin mold according to the present invention can be obtained by photopolymerization and thermal polymerization as described below, but the resin mold is preferably made of a cured product formed from a photopolymerizable mixture by optical nanoimprint.
- the photopolymerizable mixture preferably contains a non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, and a photopolymerization initiator, and is based on 100 parts by weight of the non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 50 parts by weight
- the photopolymerization initiator is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is 0.1 parts by weight or more, the release property is excellent, and if it is 50 parts by weight or less, the adhesion to the substrate is excellent. In particular, 5 to 10 parts by weight is excellent in surface segregation of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylates.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is 0.8 parts by weight or more in the above range, the fluorine element concentration (Es) of the resin mold surface part (surface of the fine uneven structure) can be increased.
- it is more preferably 6 parts by weight or less because the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin can be lowered, and the bulk strength and the adhesive force at the substrate interface can be increased.
- the range of 1 to 6 parts by weight is preferable because the free energy on the resin surface can be further lowered and the repetitive transferability is improved.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is a fluorine-containing urethane (meth) acrylate represented by the following chemical formula (1) and / or a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate represented by the following chemical formula (2):
- the surface free energy can be reduced more effectively, the adhesiveness with the substrate can be further improved, and the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin can be reduced to maintain the strength of the resin. It is preferable for further improvement.
- R1 represents the following chemical formula (3)
- R2 represents the following chemical formula (4).
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- R is H or CH 3.
- the “surface portion of the resin mold” means the surface portion of the fine uneven structure of the resin mold, and in the thickness direction perpendicular to the surface of the resin mold, approximately 1% to from the surface side of the resin mold. It means a part in the range of 10% or a part in the range of 2 nm to 20 nm.
- required by XPS method mentioned later is employ
- the fluorine element concentration (Es) is a measured value at a depth of several nanometers, which is the X-ray penetration length in the XPS method.
- the “average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold” is a value calculated from the charged amount or a value that can be analyzed from a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC / MS). Is adopted. That is, the fluorine element concentration contained in the resin constituting the resin mold is meant. For example, a section of a resin mold composed of a cured product of a photopolymerizable mixture formed into a film and having a resin part physically peeled off is decomposed by a flask combustion method and subsequently subjected to ion chromatography analysis. Thus, the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin can be identified.
- the method for producing the resin mold is not particularly limited, but a method of producing a resin by photopolymerization or thermal polymerization is common. Also, obtain a resin molded body by transfer by optical nanoimprint from the resin mold, consider this resin molded body as a resin mold, obtain a new resin molded body by optical nanoimprint, and use the obtained resin molded body as a resin mold Is also possible. Hereinafter, the case of synthesizing by photopolymerization and the case of synthesis by thermal polymerization are described separately.
- the photopolymerizable mixture it is preferable to use a non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, and a photopolymerization initiator.
- a mixture in which (meth) acrylate and fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate are mixed together with a photopolymerization initiator the mixture is cured while the mixture is in contact with a hydrophobic interface having a low surface free energy.
- the fluorine element concentration (Es) on the resin mold surface portion is set to be equal to or higher than the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin constituting the resin mold, and further the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin is made smaller. Can be adjusted.
- the surface of the photopolymerizable mixture can be freely applied with the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin kept low. It is desirable to cure in contact with a low energy interface. As a result, the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is effectively segregated to the interface having a low surface free energy so as to reduce the energy of the entire system, and thus the Es / Eb becomes larger, and the resin having good repeatability and transferability.
- a mold can be produced.
- Each component used for manufacturing the resin mold according to the present invention will be described below.
- the (meth) acrylate is not limited as long as it is a polymerizable monomer other than the (B) fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate described later, but a monomer having an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group, a vinyl group. And a monomer having an allyl group are preferred, and a monomer having an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group is more preferred. And it is preferable that they are non-fluorine containing monomers.
- the polymerizable monomer is preferably a polyfunctional monomer having a plurality of polymerizable groups, and the number of polymerizable groups is preferably an integer of 1 to 4 because of excellent polymerizability.
- the average number of polymerizable groups is preferably 1 to 3.
- the number of polymerizable groups may be 3 or more in order to increase the crosslinking point after the polymerization reaction and to obtain physical stability (strength, heat resistance, etc.) of the cured product. preferable.
- a monomer having 1 or 2 polymerizable groups it is preferably used in combination with monomers having different polymerizable numbers.
- the (meth) acrylate monomer examples include the following compounds.
- the monomer having an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group include (meth) acrylic acid, aromatic (meth) acrylate [phenoxyethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, and the like.
- Hydrocarbon-based (meth) acrylate [stearyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di Acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaaerythritol triacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and the like.
- Hydrocarbon-based (meth) acrylates containing etheric oxygen atoms [ethoxyethyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfryl acrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, polyoxyethylene glycol diacrylate , Tripropylene glycol diacrylate and the like.
- Hydrocarbon-based (meth) acrylates [2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, N, N-diethylaminoethyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, etc. ], Silicone-based acrylates, and the like.
- Others include EO-modified glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, ECH-modified glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, PO-modified glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, EO-modified phosphate triacrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) Acrylate, caprolactone-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, PO-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, tris (acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate, EO-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meta) ) Acrylate, caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hydroxypenta (meth) acrylate Alkyl
- Examples of the monomer having an allyl group include p-isopropenylphenol, and examples of the monomer having a vinyl group include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, and vinylcarbazole.
- EO modification means ethylene oxide modification
- ECH modification means epichlorohydrin modification
- PO modification means propylene oxide modification.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate preferably has a polyfluoroalkylene chain and / or perfluoro (polyoxyalkylene) chain and a polymerizable group, and is a linear perfluoroalkylene group. Or a perfluorooxyalkylene group having an etheric oxygen atom inserted between carbon atoms and having a trifluoromethyl group in the side chain. Moreover, a linear polyfluoroalkylene chain having a trifluoromethyl group at the molecular side chain or molecular structure terminal and / or a linear perfluoro (polyoxyalkylene) chain is particularly preferred.
- the polyfluoroalkylene chain is preferably a polyfluoroalkylene group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms. Moreover, the polyfluoroalkylene group may have a functional group.
- the perfluoro (polyoxyalkylene) chain is a group consisting of (CF 2 CF 2 O) units, (CF 2 CF (CF 3 ) O) units, (CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) units and (CF 2 O) units. It is preferably composed of one or more perfluoro (oxyalkylene) units selected from: (CF 2 CF 2 O) units, (CF 2 CF (CF 3 ) O) units, or (CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O). ) Units.
- the perfluoro (polyoxyalkylene) chain is particularly preferably composed of (CF 2 CF 2 O) units because the physical properties (heat resistance, acid resistance, etc.) of the fluoropolymer are excellent.
- the number of perfluoro (oxyalkylene) units is preferably an integer of 2 to 200, more preferably an integer of 2 to 50, since the release property and hardness of the fluoropolymer are high.
- Examples of the polymerizable group include a vinyl group, an allyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an epoxy group, a dichitacene group, a cyano group, an isocyanate group, or a formula — (CH 2 ) aSi (M1) 3-b (M2) b.
- a hydrolyzable silyl group is preferable, and an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group is more preferable.
- M1 is a substituent which is converted into a hydroxyl group by a hydrolysis reaction. Examples of such a substituent include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, and an acyloxy group.
- M2 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group. Examples of M2 include an alkyl group, an alkyl group substituted with one or more aryl groups, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, and an aryl group, and an alkyl group or an alkenyl group is preferable.
- M2 is an alkyl group
- an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable.
- M2 is an alkenyl group
- an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable, and a vinyl group or an allyl group is more preferable.
- a is an integer of 1 to 3, and 3 is preferable.
- b is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3, and 0 is preferable.
- hydrolyzable silyl groups include (CH 3 O) 3 SiCH 2 —, (CH 3 CH 2 O) 3 SiCH 2 —, (CH 3 O) 3 Si (CH 2 ) 3 — or (CH 3 CH 2 O ) 3 Si (CH 2 ) 3 — is preferred.
- the number of polymerizable groups is preferably an integer of 1 to 4 and more preferably an integer of 1 to 3 because of excellent polymerizability. When two or more compounds are used, the average number of polymerizable groups is preferably 1 to 3.
- Fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate has excellent adhesion to a transparent substrate when it has a functional group.
- the functional group include a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a functional group having an ester bond, a functional group having an amide bond, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a cyano group, a urethane group, an isocyanate group, and a functional group having an isocyanuric acid derivative. It is done.
- it preferably contains at least one functional group having a carboxyl group, a urethane group, or an isocyanuric acid derivative.
- the isocyanuric acid derivatives include those having an isocyanuric acid skeleton in which at least one hydrogen atom bonded to a nitrogen atom is substituted with another group.
- fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate fluoro (meth) acrylate, fluorodiene, or the like can be used.
- Specific examples of the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate include the following compounds.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate used in the present invention is a fluorine-containing urethane (meth) acrylate represented by the following chemical formula (1)
- it is effective in a state where the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin is lowered.
- the fluorine element concentration (Es) on the surface of the resin mold can be increased, and the adhesion to the substrate and the releasability can be expressed more effectively, which is more preferable.
- urethane (meth) acrylate for example, “OPTOOL DAC” manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd. can be used.
- R1 represents the following chemical formula (3)
- R2 represents the following chemical formula (4).
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- R is H or CH 3.
- a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together. Further, it can be used in combination with surface modifiers such as abrasion resistance, scratch resistance, fingerprint adhesion prevention, antifouling property, leveling property and water / oil repellency. For example, “Factent” manufactured by Neos Co., Ltd.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate preferably has a molecular weight Mw of 50 to 50000, preferably a molecular weight Mw of 50 to 5000, and more preferably a molecular weight Mw of 100 to 5000 from the viewpoint of compatibility.
- a diluting solvent may be used.
- a solvent having a boiling point of a single solvent of 40 ° C. to 180 ° C. is preferable, 60 ° C. to 180 ° C. is more preferable, and 60 ° C. to 140 ° C. is further preferable. Two or more kinds of diluents may be used.
- the solvent content may be at least an amount that can be dispersed in the curable resin composition, and is preferably more than 0 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the curable composition. Considering that the residual solvent amount after drying is removed as much as possible, more than 0 to 10 parts by weight is more preferable.
- the solvent content is preferably 0.1 parts by weight or more and 40 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of (meth) acrylate. If the solvent content is 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, the curability of the photopolymerizable mixture can be maintained, and more preferably 1 to 15 parts by weight.
- the solvent is contained in order to reduce the film thickness of the photopolymerizable mixture, if the solvent content is 300 parts by weight or more and 10,000 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of (meth) acrylate, drying after coating is performed. Since the solution stability in a process can be maintained, it is preferable and it is more preferable if it is 300 to 1000 weight part.
- photopolymerization initiator causes a radical reaction or an ionic reaction by light, and a photopolymerization initiator that causes a radical reaction is preferable.
- examples of the photopolymerization initiator include the following photopolymerization initiators.
- Acetophenone-based photopolymerization initiators acetophenone, p-tert-butyltrichloroacetophenone, chloroacetophenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, hydroxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2′-phenylacetophenone, 2-aminoacetophenone, dialkyl Aminoacetophenone and the like.
- Benzoin-based photopolymerization initiators benzyl, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-methyl Propan-1-one, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethyl ketal and the like.
- Benzophenone-based photopolymerization initiators benzophenone, benzoylbenzoic acid, methyl benzoylbenzoate, methyl-o-benzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, hydroxypropylbenzophenone, acrylic benzophenone, 4,4'-bis (dimethylamino) ) Benzophenone, perfluorobenzophenone, etc.
- Thioxanthone photopolymerization initiators thioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, diethylthioxanthone, dimethylthioxanthone, and the like.
- Anthraquinone photopolymerization initiators 2-methylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-tert-butylanthraquinone, 1-chloroanthraquinone, 2-amylanthraquinone.
- Ketal photopolymerization initiators acetophenone dimethyl ketal and benzyl dimethyl ketal.
- photopolymerization initiators ⁇ -acyl oxime ester, benzyl- (o-ethoxycarbonyl) - ⁇ -monooxime, acyl phosphine oxide, glyoxy ester, 3-ketocoumarin, 2-ethylanthraquinone, camphorquinone, tetramethylthiuram Sulfide, azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, dialkyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, and the like.
- Photopolymerization initiators having fluorine atoms Known and commonly used photopolymerization initiators such as perfluorotert-butyl peroxide and perfluorobenzoyl peroxide can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the photopolymerizable mixture may contain a photosensitizer.
- a photosensitizer include n-butylamine, di-n-butylamine, tri-n-butylphosphine, allylthiourea, s-benzisoisouronium-p-toluenesulfinate, triethylamine, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
- Examples of commercially available initiators include “IRGACURE” manufactured by Ciba (for example, IRGACURE 651, 184, 500, 2959, 127, 754, 907, 369, 379, 379EG, 819, 1800, 784, OXE01, OXE02 ) And “DAROCUR” (for example, DAROCUR 1173, MBF, TPO, 4265).
- DAROCUR for example, DAROCUR 1173, MBF, TPO, 4265.
- the photopolymerization initiator may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using 2 or more types together, it is good to select from a viewpoint of the dispersibility of a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, the fine uneven
- a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate the fine uneven
- internal curability for example, the combined use of an ⁇ -hydroxyketone photopolymerization initiator and an ⁇ -aminoketone photopolymerization initiator can be mentioned.
- “Irgacure” manufactured by Ciba, “Irgacure” and “Darocure” are combined as Darocure 1173 and Irgacure 819, Irgacure 379 and Irgacure 127, Irgacure 8e1 Irgacure 184 and Irgacure 369; Irgacure 184 and Irgacure 379EG; Irgacure 184 and Irgacure 907; Irgacure 127 and Irgacure 379EG;
- the photopolymerizable mixture comprises 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate and 0.01 parts by weight of photopolymerization initiator with respect to 100 parts by weight of (meth) acrylate.
- the (meth) acrylate is preferably a non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate.
- fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate in particular, 100 parts by weight of non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate is excellent in releasability if it is 0.1 parts by weight or more, and 50 parts by weight or less. If it exists, since it is excellent in the adhesiveness to a base material, it is preferable. In addition, since the (meth) acrylate is 0.8 parts by weight or more, the fluorine element concentration (Es) of the resin mold surface part (surface of the fine concavo-convex structure) can be increased, more preferably 6 parts by weight.
- the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin is lowered and the bulk strength and the adhesive force at the base material interface can be increased. Furthermore, it is preferable that the (meth) acrylate is in the range of 1 to 6 parts by weight because the free energy of the resin surface can be further lowered and the repetitive transferability is improved.
- the photopolymerization initiator is excellent in polymerizability if it is 0.01 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of (meth) acrylate, particularly non-fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, and if it is 10 parts by weight or less. It is preferable because bleed-out to the resin surface of the unreacted initiator and decomposition product after curing can be reduced.
- the photopolymerization initiator is more preferably 0.5 parts by weight or more, and still more preferably 1 part by weight or more.
- the photocuring agent is more preferably 5 parts by weight or less. In particular, when the photopolymerization initiator is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, the resin transmittance after curing is excellent.
- the solvent content is preferably 0.1 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of (meth) acrylate. If the solvent content is 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, the curability of the photopolymerizable mixture can be maintained, and more preferably 1 to 15 parts by weight.
- the solvent is included to reduce the film thickness of the photopolymerization mixture, it is 300 parts by weight or more and 10,000 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of (meth) acrylate. It is preferable because the solution stability can be maintained, and more preferably 300 parts by weight or more and 1000 parts by weight or less.
- the resin mold is denoted as F.
- the pattern shape or the inverted shape of the pattern shape is described, it is expressed as unevenness or uneven pattern, and among them, the resin mold according to the present invention having the uneven pattern shape is expressed as F (+), and F (+).
- the resin mold having a concavo-convex pattern transferred from is denoted as F ( ⁇ ).
- a resin mold can be formed by using a cured product of a photopolymerizable mixture (hereinafter referred to as curable resin composition).
- a resin mold is a resin molding with a fine concavo-convex pattern shape (fine concavo-convex structure) obtained by optical nanoimprint transfer using a curable resin composition as a transfer agent from a master mold having a fine pattern shape on the surface. Is the body.
- the resin molding is repeatedly transferred not only to the curable resin composition according to the present invention but also to an inorganic material including curing by a sol-gel reaction, and optical nanoimprint transfer to a known photosensitive resin composition. It can be used as a resin mold that can be transferred.
- “repeated transfer” means one or both of the following two cases ((1) and (2)).
- a plurality of transferred concavo-convex pattern transfer products are produced from an F (+) resin mold having a concavo-convex pattern shape.
- an inverted F ( ⁇ ) transfer body is obtained from the resin mold F (+), and then reverse transfer is performed using the F ( ⁇ ) transfer body as a mold.
- the pattern inversion / transfer can be repeated repeatedly to obtain an F (+) transfer body.
- the surface of the resin mold is a structure obtained by transferring the shape of the master mold, and has a fine uneven structure.
- a structure suitable for an optical member or a bio member is preferable, and a lattice shape, a pillar, a hole structure, or the like is more preferable, and the cross-sectional uneven shape thereof is a rectangle, a square, a trapezoid, a rhombus, a hexagon, a triangle, a circle, or a shape having a curvature.
- the pattern arrangement may be either a random arrangement shape or a periodically arranged pattern shape.
- the periodic pitch size is preferably 50 nm to 1000 nm, more preferably 80 nm to 700 nm, and even more preferably 100 nm to 250 nm.
- the height of the uneven pattern is preferably 50 nm to 500 nm, and more preferably 100 nm to 250 nm.
- the aspect ratio of the convex or concave sectional shape is preferably 0.5 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 5. The aspect ratio here is defined as a value (a / b) obtained by dividing the height (a) of the convex or concave cross-sectional shape by the half width (b) at the height position of a / 2.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the arrangement of the fine uneven structure of the resin mold.
- the top view of the resin mold surface is shown typically, and the direction orthogonal to each other in the resin mold surface is shown as a first direction and a second direction.
- the fine concavo-convex structure includes a plurality of projections (or recesses) in which a plurality of projections (or recesses) are arranged at a pitch P in the first direction.
- column (or recessed part row
- column (or recessed part row
- the positional difference ⁇ is the number of the convex portions (or concave portions) belonging to the adjacent convex portion rows (or concave portion rows) between the closest convex portion central portions (or between the concave portion central portions).
- the distance in one direction For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a line segment in the second direction passing through the center of each convex portion (or each concave portion) belonging to the (N) th convex portion row (or concave portion row), and the (N) th It means the distance between the line segment in the second direction passing through the center of each convex portion (or concave portion) belonging to the (N + 1) -th convex portion row (or concave portion row) adjacent to the row.
- column may arrange
- the pitch P and the pitch S can be appropriately designed according to the intended use.
- the distance between adjacent convex portions is preferably 1 nm to 300 nm, and preferably 1 nm to 150 nm. More preferably.
- the height of the convex portion is preferably 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and more preferably 100 nm or more and 500 nm or less.
- the height of the convex portion is preferably large, when the aspect ratio, which is the ratio of the adjacent distance to the height, is 3 or more, it is difficult to release the microstructure laminate when it is transferred to the inorganic substrate. For this reason, it is preferable that the fine concavo-convex structure is appropriately designed based on the above design concept so that the aspect ratio is less than 3.
- the spectral sensitivity of crystalline silicon solar cells has a peak in the near infrared region (700 nm to 1000 nm), so the outermost surface member for solar cells is required to have excellent transmittance in this wavelength region. It is done.
- the distance between adjacent convex portions is preferably 300 nm or more and 2000 nm or less, and more preferably 500 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.
- the height of a convex part is 1 nm or more and 5000 nm or less, and it is more preferable that it is 1000 nm or more and 5000 nm or less. Also in this case, it is preferable that the fine concavo-convex structure is appropriately designed so that the aspect ratio is less than 3.
- the distance is preferably 250 nm to 10000 nm, and more preferably 500 nm to 5000 nm because the light extraction efficiency by diffracted light is improved. Also in this case, it is preferable that the fine concavo-convex structure is appropriately designed so that the aspect ratio is less than 3.
- Recessed cross-sectional area (S-recessed portion) of the transferred molded product (general-purpose photosensitive resin or resin mold) inverted with respect to the convex-portion cross-sectional area (S-convex portion) of the material to be transferred (master mold or resin mold) used as a mold ) Is preferably a mold or transfer material that can be transferred at a transfer accuracy of 80% or more with a cross-sectional area ratio (S concave / S convex ⁇ 100).
- the transfer accuracy is more preferably 80% or more.
- the transfer accuracy at one time is preferably 85% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.
- the master mold has a fine concavo-convex pattern on the surface, and examples of the material include quartz glass, ultraviolet transmissive glass, sapphire, diamond, polydimethylsiloxane, and other silicone materials, fluororesin, silicon wafer, SiC substrate, mica substrate, and the like. It is done. In order to further improve the releasability at the time of nano pattern transfer, a release treatment may be performed.
- the present invention is carried out so that the energy of the entire system composed of the master mold / photosensitive resin mixture / substrate is lowered by performing transfer while keeping the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin low. Since the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate according to the above effectively segregates to the surface of the master mold, Es / Eb can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to produce a resin molded body having good repeatability.
- the silane coupling release agent is preferable as the release treatment agent.
- examples of commercially available mold release agents include OPTOOL DSX manufactured by Daikin Industries, Durasurf HD1101 and HD2101, Novec manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited, and the like.
- Step 11 The process of apply
- Step 12 A step of pressing the curable resin composition against the master mold in the above step 11 (step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 13 A step of radically polymerizing the curable resin composition in Step 12 to obtain a cured product (a step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 14 A step of peeling the cured product from the master mold to obtain a resin mold (F) having an inverted shape of the pattern shape of the master mold (a step of peeling the cured product from the mold).
- Step 21 A step of applying a curable resin composition on a substrate (a step of applying a resin).
- Step 22 A step of pressing the curable resin composition against the master mold in the above step 21 (step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 23 a step of radically polymerizing the curable resin composition in Step 22 to obtain a cured product (a step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 24 A step of peeling the cured product from the master mold in the step 23 to obtain a resin mold (F (+)) having a reverse shape of the master mold shape (a step of peeling the cured product from the mold).
- Process 25 The process of apply
- Step 26 A step of pressing the curable resin composition onto the resin mold in the above step 25 (step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 27 a step of radically polymerizing the curable resin composition in Step 26 to obtain a cured product (a step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 28 A step of peeling the cured product from the resin mold (F (+)) in the step 27 to obtain a resin mold (F ( ⁇ )) having the same pattern shape as that of the master mold.
- Process 31 The process of apply
- Step 32 A step of pressing the photosensitive resin composition to the resin mold in the step 31 (step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 33 A step of radically polymerizing the photosensitive resin composition in Step 32 to obtain a cured product (a step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 34 A step of peeling the cured product from the resin mold in the step 33 to obtain a transfer product having a pattern shape and an inverted shape of the resin mold (F) (step of peeling the cured product from the mold).
- Step 41 A step of applying a curable resin composition on a substrate (step of applying a resin).
- Step 42 A step of pressing the curable resin composition against the master mold in the above step 41 (step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 43 A step of radically polymerizing the curable resin composition in Step 42 to obtain a cured product (a step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 44 A step of peeling the cured product from the master mold in the above step 43 to obtain a resin mold (F (+)) having an inverted shape of the master mold shape (step of peeling the cured product from the mold).
- Step 45 A step of sandwiching the curable resin composition between the resin mold (F (+)) prepared in the above step 44 and the roll base (a step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 46 Step of photocuring the curable resin composition in the step 45 to obtain a cured product (step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 47 Step of removing the cured product from the resin mold (F (+)) in the above step 47 to obtain a resin roll stamper (F ( ⁇ )) having the same pattern shape as the pattern shape of the master mold (cured product) Step of peeling off from the mold).
- the roll-to-roll type of photosensitive resin composition is used as a transfer agent using the resin roll stamper molded body produced in the order of the above steps 41 to 47. Continuous transfer is possible.
- a continuously transferred product can be used as a resin mold continuous molded body.
- Process 51 The process of apply
- Step 52 A step of pressing the photosensitive resin composition to the resin roll stamper in the above step 51 (step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 53 A step of radically polymerizing the photosensitive resin composition in Step 52 to obtain a cured product (a step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 54 A step in which the cured product is peeled from the resin mold (F) in the above step 53, and a transfer product having a pattern shape and an inverted shape of the resin mold (F) can be continuously produced (the cured product is peeled from the mold). Process).
- Process 61 The process of apply
- Step 62 A step of pressing the photosensitive resin composition to the resin mold (F) continuous molded body in the above step 61 (step of pressing the resin against the mold).
- Step 63 A step of obtaining a cured product by photoradical polymerization of the photosensitive resin composition in the step 62 (step of photocuring the resin).
- Step 64 The step of peeling off the cured product from the resin mold (F) continuous molded body in the above-mentioned step 63 and continuously producing a transfer product having a reverse shape of the pattern shape of the resin mold (F). Step of peeling from the mold).
- the coating thickness of the curable resin composition is preferably 50 nm to 5 mm, more preferably 100 nm to 200 ⁇ m, still more preferably 100 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
- the resin composition may be applied to the entire surface of the substrate, or the resin composition is present only in a range where the master mold or the resin mold is embossed. May be applied to a part of the substrate.
- the solvent By pre-baking after applying the resin composition to the substrate, when the solvent is contained, the solvent can be distilled off or the surface segregation of the internally added fluorine-containing polymerizable (meth) acrylate can be promoted.
- the fluorine-containing polymerizable (meth) acrylate By segregating the internally added fluorine-containing polymerizable (meth) acrylate on the surface, when pressing the master mold or resin mold, the fluorine-containing polymerizable (meth) acrylate is efficient inside the microstructure of the master mold or resin mold.
- Es / Eb obtained by dividing the surface fluorine element concentration (Es) of the resulting resin mold by the bulk fluorine element concentration (Eb) is greatly improved. And release properties can be improved.
- the temperature is preferably 25 ° C to 120 ° C, more preferably 40 ° C to 105 ° C, further preferably 50 ° C to 105 ° C, and most preferably 60 ° C to 105 ° C.
- the prebake time is preferably 30 seconds to 30 minutes, more preferably 1 minute to 15 minutes, and even more preferably 3 minutes to 10 minutes.
- the material of the substrate there are no particular restrictions on the material of the substrate, and it can be used regardless of whether it is an inorganic material such as glass, ceramic or metal, or an organic material such as plastic.
- an inorganic material such as glass, ceramic or metal
- an organic material such as plastic.
- plates, sheets, films, thin films, woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and other arbitrary shapes and composites thereof can be used, but they are flexible and have excellent continuous productivity. It is particularly preferable to include a thin film, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric and the like.
- Examples of flexible materials include polymethyl methacrylate resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, cycloolefin resin (COP), cross-linked polyethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyacrylate resin, polyphenylene ether resin, and modified polyphenylene ether resin.
- COP cycloolefin resin
- thermoplastic resins such as polyetherimide resin, polyether sulfone resin, polysulfone resin, polyether ketone resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, polyethylene naphthalate resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polybutylene terephthalate Crystalline thermoplastic resins such as resins, aromatic polyester resins, polyacetal resins, polyamide resins, and ultraviolet (UV) hard materials such as acrylic, epoxy, and urethane RESIN or thermosetting resins.
- the base material can be configured by combining an ultraviolet curable resin or a thermosetting resin with an inorganic substrate such as glass, the above thermoplastic resin, or a triacetate resin, or using them alone.
- a treatment for improving the adhesion between the substrate and the resin composition For example, on the surface to be bonded, chemical bonding with the resin composition, easy adhesion coating for physical bonding such as penetration, primer treatment, corona treatment, plasma treatment, UV / ozone treatment, high energy ray irradiation treatment It is preferable to perform surface roughening treatment, porosification treatment, and the like.
- Step of pressing the resin composition against the substrate It is preferable that a highly flexible substrate is gently coated on a mold (a master mold, a resin mold, a resin roll stamper, etc.) from the end so as to prevent bubbles from entering and pressed under a certain pressure.
- the pressing pressure at the time of pressing is preferably more than 0 MPa to 10 MPa, more preferably 0.01 MPa to 5 MPa, and further preferably 0.01 MPa to 1 MPa.
- the exposure light source used is preferably a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a chemical lamp, or a UV-LED. From the viewpoint of suppressing heat generation during long-time exposure, it is preferable to use a filter (including a band-pass filter) that cuts a wavelength longer than the visible wavelength.
- a filter including a band-pass filter
- integrated light quantity is preferably 300 mJ / cm 2 or more at a wavelength of 365 nm, in order to obtain a high cured reactive rate (E), preferably 800 mJ / cm 2 or more, more preferably 800mJ / cm 2 ⁇ 6000mJ / cm 2 In order to prevent resin deterioration due to light, 800 mJ / cm 2 to 3000 mJ / cm 2 is particularly preferable.
- the total light transmittance at 350 nm to 450 nm is preferably 50% or more, and more preferably 70% or more for efficient photoreaction.
- the total light transmittance at 350 nm to 450 nm is preferably 50% or more, and more preferably 70% or more.
- the peeling speed is preferably linear peeling at a constant speed from a specific direction at a speed of more than 0 m / min to 5 m / min from the viewpoint of reducing the risk of breakage of the cured product.
- the temperature is preferably 50 ° C to 120 ° C, more preferably 50 ° C to 105 ° C, and further preferably 60 ° C to 105 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably 30 seconds to 30 minutes, more preferably 30 seconds to 15 minutes, and even more preferably 1 minute to 10 minutes.
- heat treatment may be performed after peeling.
- the temperature is preferably 50 ° C to 120 ° C, more preferably 50 ° C to 105 ° C, and further preferably 60 ° C to 105 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably 30 seconds to 30 minutes, more preferably 30 seconds to 15 minutes, and even more preferably 1 minute to 10 minutes.
- thermoplastic resin having a fine pattern on its surface is a method comprising a step of thermocompression bonding a master mold to a thermoplastic resin to form a fine pattern of the master mold on the thermoplastic resin and a step of releasing the master mold from the thermoplastic resin.
- Manufactured by In addition to the method of thermocompression bonding, it can also be produced by a method of applying a cast method followed by thermosetting.
- thermocompression bonding it is preferable that the mold heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin is bonded to the transfer layer, or the transfer layer is heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin and then pressed to the mold.
- the temperature in thermocompression bonding is more preferably (softening temperature of thermoplastic resin) to (softening temperature of thermoplastic resin + 60 ° C.), particularly preferably (softening temperature of thermoplastic resin + 5 ° C.) to (thermoplastic resin softening temperature). Softening temperature + 40 ° C.). Within this range, the fine pattern of the mold can be efficiently formed on the transfer layer.
- the pressure for thermocompression bonding is preferably 0.5 MPa to 200 MPa (absolute pressure), more preferably 0.5 MPa to 10 MPa (absolute pressure), and even more preferably 0.5 MP to 5 MPa.
- the transfer layer When releasing the mold, it is preferable to cool the transfer layer to a temperature lower than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin. More preferably, (softening temperature of thermoplastic resin ⁇ 10 ° C.) to (softening temperature of thermoplastic resin ⁇ 50 ° C.). In this range, the shape of the fine pattern formed on the transfer layer can be further retained.
- the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin means a glass transition temperature when the thermoplastic resin is non-crystalline, and means a melting temperature when the thermoplastic resin is crystalline.
- Thermoplastic resins include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile / styrene polymer, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene polymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, poly (meth) acrylate, polyarylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene.
- the resin mold according to the present invention is used in various applications for nanoimprints.
- the resin mold is a light such as a microlens array, a wire grid type polarization, a moth-eye type non-reflective film, a diffraction grating, or a photonic crystal element. It is used for manufacturing nanoimprint applications such as devices and patterned media.
- it can be used for production of biodevices such as cell culture sheets, fat culture chips, and biosensor electrodes.
- it can be applied to electrodes of various batteries and capacitors, micro / nano channels, heat dissipation surfaces, heat insulation surfaces, and the like.
- the resin mold according to the present invention makes it possible to obtain as many resin molds (A) as possible from, for example, a master mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface produced by the above-described electron beam drawing or the like. Let me.
- the resin mold according to the present invention makes it possible to obtain as many resin molds (B) as possible by transferring the fine concavo-convex structure of the resin mold (A) from the resin mold (A) by the nanoimprint method.
- the resin mold of the present invention it is possible to dramatically improve the production efficiency.
- the surface fluorine element concentration of the resin mold was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (hereinafter referred to as XPS). Since the penetration length of X-rays into the sample surface in XPS is as shallow as several nm, the measured value of XPS was adopted as the fluorine element concentration (Es) on the resin mold surface in the present invention.
- the resin mold was cut out as a small piece of about 2 mm square and covered with a 1 mm ⁇ 2 mm slot type mask and subjected to XPS measurement under the following conditions.
- AlK ⁇ 15kV ⁇ 10mA Analysis size approx. 1 mm (shape is oval) Capture area Survey scan; 0 to 1, 100 eV Narrow scan; F 1s, C 1s, O 1s, N 1s Pass energy Survey scan; 100 eV Narrow scan; 20 eV
- the physically peeled section is decomposed by a flask combustion method and subsequently subjected to ion chromatography analysis.
- the average fluorine element concentration (Eb) in the resin was measured.
- the transmittance of the resin mold produced on the PET film was measured using a spectrophotometer (SHIMADZU, UV-2550).
- the transmittance of the single PET film was measured in advance, and the transmittance of the single resin mold was calculated using the measured value as the background.
- the resin molds produced in Examples 1 to 3 all had a total light transmittance of 50% or more at wavelengths of 350 nm to 450 nm.
- Example 1 Method 1 for producing fluorine-containing resin mold
- a nickel flat plate mold having a fine concavo-convex structure with a fine concavo-convex size of 150 nm and a pitch of 145 nm on the surface was subjected to mold release treatment using Durasurf 2101Z manufactured by Harves.
- OPTOOL DAC HP manufactured by Daikin Industries
- trimethylolpropane triacrylate manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., M350
- Irgacure 184 manufactured by Ciba
- the mixture was sandwiched between PET films and stretched simultaneously using a hand roller. After UV exposure from the PET film surface side, the mold and the PET film were peeled off to obtain a fluorine-containing resin mold.
- the ratio Es / Eb between the fluorine element concentration Es on the surface and the average fluorine element concentration Eb in the resin was 69.
- Example 2 Method 2 for producing fluorine-containing resin mold
- a nickel cylindrical mold having a fine concavo-convex structure with a fine concavo-convex size of 150 nm and a pitch of 145 nm on the surface was subjected to a release treatment using Durasurf 2101Z made by Harves.
- Durasurf 2101Z made by Harves.
- OPTOOL DAC HP manufactured by Daikin Industries
- trimethylolpropane triacrylate manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., M350
- Irgacure 184 manufactured by Ciba
- the mixed solution was applied to a PET film using a micro gravure.
- the fine concavo-convex structure surface of the nickel mold was bonded to the PET film through a drying process at 60 ° C. After UV exposure, the mold and the PET film were peeled off to obtain a fluorine-containing resin mold.
- the ratio Es / Eb between the fluorine element concentration Es on the surface and the average fluorine element concentration Eb in the resin was 76.
- Example 3 Method 3 for producing fluorine-containing resin mold
- a nickel cylindrical mold having a fine concavo-convex structure with a fine concavo-convex size of 150 nm and a pitch of 145 nm on the surface was subjected to a release treatment using Durasurf 2101Z made by Harves.
- CHEMINOX FAMAC-6 manufactured by Unimattech
- trimethylolpropane triacrylate M350, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.
- Irgacure 184 manufactured by Ciba
- the ratio Es / Eb between the fluorine element concentration Es on the surface and the average fluorine element concentration Eb in the resin was 26.
- Example 4 Production of Wire Grid Polarizing Film Using Fluorine-Containing Resin Mold Using the transfer product B, a wire grid polarizing film was produced according to the following procedure, and optical performance was evaluated.
- a silicon dioxide film was formed as a dielectric layer on the concavo-convex shape transfer surface by a sputtering method.
- the sputtering conditions were Ar gas pressure of 0.2 Pa, sputtering power of 770 W / cm 2 , coating speed of 0.1 nm / s, and film formation was performed so that the average dielectric thickness on the transfer film was 3 nm.
- a glass substrate having a smooth surface was inserted into the apparatus together with the transfer film, and the dielectric thickness on the smooth glass substrate was defined as the dielectric average thickness.
- Al aluminum
- the deposition conditions for Al were normal temperature, a vacuum of 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa, and a deposition rate of 40 nm / s.
- a glass substrate having a smooth surface is inserted into the apparatus together with a transfer film, the Al thickness on the smooth glass substrate is defined as the Al average thickness, and the surface of the substrate surface is within a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lattice.
- the angle between the normal and the vapor deposition source was defined as the vapor deposition angle ⁇ .
- the deposition angle ⁇ was 20 °
- the Al average thickness was 133 nm.
- the polarization degree and the light transmittance were measured using a polarizing film evaluation apparatus (manufactured by JASCO Corporation, V7000) under the conditions of 23 ° C and 65% RH. As a result, the degree of polarization was 99.90% and the light transmittance was 42.5%.
- a wire grid polarizing film using a transfer product UV-transferred from a master mold was prepared. The production method was produced according to the above procedure. As a result, the degree of polarization was 99.90% and the light transmittance was 42.0%.
- the degree of polarization and light transmittance were calculated from the following formulas. Imax is parallel Nicol with respect to linearly polarized light, and Imin is transmitted light intensity in a direct Nicol state.
- the light transmittance T ( ⁇ ) indicates the light transmittance at the incident light angle ⁇ .
- Polarization degree [(Imax ⁇ Imin) / (Imax + Imin)] ⁇ 100%
- Nanoimprint using a fluorine-containing resin mold 3-ethyl-3 ⁇ [(3-ethyloxetane-3-yl) methoxy] methyl ⁇ oxetane and 3,4-epoxycyclohexenylmethyl-3 ′, 4 ′ - a cationically polymerizable resin comprises an epoxy cyclohexene carboxylate, was applied to a PET film with a deposit of SiO 2 using a micro gravure.
- the PET film was bonded to the fluorine-containing resin molds produced in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3, and simultaneously, pressure was applied by a rubber nip, and UV exposure was performed from the resin mold side in a state where the nip pressure disappeared. After UV exposure, the mold and the PET film were peeled off. When the transferred fine uneven structure was observed with an SEM, the remaining film thickness was 5 nm or less.
- Comparative Example 1 As Comparative Example 1, a composition containing no fluororesin composition in the composition in Example 1 was prepared to prepare a resin mold. As a result, interfacial peeling from the cured transfer agent was not possible after UV curing.
- Cationic polymerizable resin containing 3-ethyl-3 ⁇ [(3-ethyloxetane-3-yl) methoxy] methyl ⁇ oxetane and 3,4-epoxycyclohexenylmethyl-3 ′, 4′-epoxycyclohexenecarboxylate It was applied to a PET film which was deposited on SiO 2 using a gravure. Subsequently, the PET film was bonded to the resin mold, and at the same time, pressure was applied by a rubber nip, and UV exposure was performed from the resin mold side in a state where the nip pressure disappeared.
- Example 6 -Cylindrical mold preparation Quartz glass was used for the base material of the cylindrical mold. A fine concavo-convex structure was formed on the surface of quartz glass by a direct writing lithography method using a semiconductor laser. Durasurf HD-1101Z (manufactured by Daikin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was applied to the surface of the quartz glass roll having the fine concavo-convex structure, heated at 60 ° C. for 1 hour, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours to be fixed. Thereafter, it was washed three times with Durasurf HD-ZV (manufactured by Daikin Chemical Industries), and a mold release treatment was performed.
- Durasurf HD-ZV manufactured by Daikin Chemical Industries
- a resin mold (A) was obtained by the following operation.
- a PET film: A4100 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: width 300 mm, thickness 100 ⁇ m
- microgravure coating manufactured by Yurai Seiki Co., Ltd.
- a PET film coated with a photocurable resin is pressed against the cylindrical mold with a nip roll (0.1 MPa), and the integrated exposure amount under the center of the lamp at 25 ° C. and 60% humidity in the atmosphere.
- a reel-shaped resin mold (A) (length 200 m, width 300 mm) was obtained.
- the shape of the surface unevenness of the reel-shaped resin mold (A) was confirmed by observation with a scanning electron microscope.
- the adjacent distance between the protrusions was 250 nm, and the height of the protrusions was 250 nm.
- Sample No. D5 ′ and D4 ′ were transferred in the same manner as in the above method except that a cylindrical mold not subjected to mold release treatment was used.
- the reel-shaped resin mold (A) is used as a mold, the resin used for the production of the reel-shaped resin mold (A) is used as a transfer material, and transfer is performed as follows to obtain the reel-shaped resin mold (B). It was.
- a PET film coated with a photocurable resin is pressed against the fine concavo-convex structure surface of the resin mold (A) with a nip roll (0.1 MPa), at 25 ° C. in the air, 60% humidity, and at the center of the lamp.
- the UV exposure device (Fusion UV Systems Japan Co., Ltd., H-bulb) is used to irradiate UV light continuously so that the integrated exposure amount below becomes 600 mJ / cm 2.
- a reel-shaped resin mold (B) (length 200 m, width 300 mm) to which the fine concavo-convex structure was transferred was obtained.
- the production of the resin mold (A) from the resin mold (A) was also performed in a batch manner as follows.
- the reel-shaped resin mold (A) is cut into a 15 cm square, and a photo-curable resin is dropped on the resin mold (A), and the PET film: A4100 is bonded to the easy-adhesion surface and stretched with a hand roller. And irradiated with UV light. Then, it heated for 3 minutes in 105 degreeC oven, and the resin mold (A) was peeled after that and the resin mold (B) was obtained. This operation was repeated 20 times, and an attempt was made to obtain 20 resin molds (B) using the same resin mold (A).
- the resin mold (C) is cut into a 12 cm square, a photocurable resin is dropped on the resin mold (C), and the PET film: A4100 is bonded to the easy-adhesion surface and simultaneously stretched with a hand roller. Subsequently, UV light was irradiated. Then, it heated for 3 minutes in 105 degreeC oven, and the resin mold (C) was peeled after that and the resin mold (D) was obtained. All of these operations were performed using the same resin as that constituting the resin mold.
- Resin SH710 (manufactured by Dow Corning Toray), KBM5103 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), titanium tetrabutoxide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), Irgacure 184 (manufactured by Ciba) and Irgacure 369 (manufactured by Ciba) in parts by weight , 1: 2: 2: 0.068: 0.032
- a PET film: A4100 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: width 300 mm, thickness 100 ⁇ m
- microgravure coating manufactured by Rensui Seiki Co., Ltd.
- a PET film coated with a photocurable inorganic resist is pressed against the cylindrical mold with a nip roll (0.1 MPa), and integrated exposure under the center of the lamp at 25 ° C. and 60% humidity in the air.
- the resin mold (B) was peeled off to obtain a reel (length: 200 m, width: 300 mm) onto which a fine concavo-convex structure composed of an inorganic material was transferred.
- the shape of the surface irregularities on the surface of the reel was confirmed by observation with a scanning electron microscope. As a result, the adjacent distance between the protrusions was 250 nm, and the height of the protrusions was 250 nm.
- Es is the XPS described above The measured value by the method was used. Eb was calculated from the charged amount.
- -Releasability evaluation 1 ... Transfer result when the mold release treatment was not performed on the cylindrical mold (mold) in the production of the resin mold (A).
- X When pattern formation was not able to be performed. ⁇ indicates that transfer is possible but the pattern is partially destroyed. ⁇ indicates a good transfer result.
- -Releasability evaluation 2 Transfer results when the resin mold (B) is produced in a batch mode from the resin mold (A). n is 20 sheets. X is when the resin mold (A) and the resin mold (B) are in close contact and cannot be peeled off. [Delta] indicates a case where partial peeling was not possible.
- ⁇ indicates that peeling is possible, but the pattern is partially destroyed.
- -Releasability evaluation 3 ... Transfer results when resin molds (C) and (D) were produced from resin mold (A). X is when peeling was not able to be performed at all in the production process of the resin mold (C) or the resin mold (D). ⁇ indicates that the resin mold (D) can be produced but cannot be partially peeled off. ⁇ indicates that the resin mold (D) can be manufactured, but the pattern has been partially destroyed.
- -Releasability evaluation 4 Transfer result when transferred to another resin by the resin mold (B) produced from the resin mold (A). X is when it adhered and it was not able to peel. [Delta] indicates a case where partial peeling was not possible. ⁇ is when the pattern is partially destroyed. A: When transfer is good.
- the resin mold of the present invention can be suitably used in the field of nanoimprint.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明は、以下のとおりである。
式(1)
1≦Es/Eb≦1500
式(2)
20≦Es/Eb≦200
式(1)
1≦Es/Eb≦1500
光重合性混合物としては、非フッ素含有の(メタ)アクリレート、フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート、及び光重合開始剤を用いることが好ましい。(メタ)アクリレート、及びフッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートを光重合開始剤と共に混合した混合物を用いることで、表面自由エネルギーの低い疎水性界面などに該混合物を接触させた状態で上記混合物を硬化させると、樹脂モールド表面部のフッ素元素濃度(Es)を、樹脂モールドを構成する樹脂中の平均フッ素元素濃度(Eb)以上に、さらには樹脂中の平均フッ素元素濃度(Eb)をより小さくするように調整することができる。
(メタ)アクリレートとしては、後述する(B)フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート以外の重合性モノマーであれば制限はないが、アクリロイル基またはメタクリロイル基を有するモノマー、ビニル基を有するモノマー、アリル基を有するモノマーが好ましく、アクリロイル基またはメタクリロイル基を有するモノマーがより好ましい。そして、それらは非フッ素含有のモノマーであることが好ましい。
フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートとしては、ポリフルオロアルキレン鎖及び/又はペルフルオロ(ポリオキシアルキレン)鎖と、重合性基とを有することが好ましく、直鎖状ペルフルオロアルキレン基、または炭素原子-炭素原子間にエーテル性酸素原子が挿入されかつトリフルオロメチル基を側鎖に有するペルフルオロオキシアルキレン基がさらに好ましい。また、トリフルオロメチル基を分子側鎖または分子構造末端に有する直鎖状のポリフルオロアルキレン鎖及び/又は直鎖状のペルフルオロ(ポリオキシアルキレン)鎖が特に好ましい。
光重合開始剤は、光によりラジカル反応またはイオン反応を引き起こすものであり、ラジカル反応を引き起こす光重合開始剤が好ましい。光重合開始剤としては、下記の光重合開始剤が挙げられる。
光重合性混合物は、(メタ)アクリレート100重量部に対して、フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートを0.1重量部~50重量部、光重合開始剤を0.01重量部~10重量部含有する光重合性混合物である。特に上記の(メタ)アクリレートとしては、非フッ素含有の(メタ)アクリレートであることが好ましい。
以下、樹脂モールドをFと表記する。パタン形状またはパタン形状の反転形状について説明する箇所では、凸凹や凹凸パタンと表記し、その中でも凸凹パタン形状を具備した本発明に係る樹脂モールドに関してはF(+)と表記し、F(+)から転写した凹凸パタン形状を具備した該樹脂モールドに関してはF(-)と表記する。
(1)凸凹パタン形状を具備したF(+)樹脂モールドから、転写した凹凸パタン転写物を複数製造すること。
(2)硬化性樹脂組成物を転写剤として用いた場合、樹脂モールドF(+)から反転したF(-)転写体を得て、次にF(-)転写体をモールドとして、反転転写したF(+)転写体を得る、凸凹/凹凸/凸凹/凹凸/・・・/を繰り返しパタン反転転写ができること。
樹脂モールドの表面は、マスターモールドの形状を転写して得られた構造であり、微細凹凸構造を具備している。光学部材やバイオ部材に適した構造が好ましく、格子状、ピラーやホール構造等がより好ましく、これらの断面凹凸形状が、長方形、正方形、台形、菱形、六角形、三角形、円形、曲率を有する形状等であってもよい。また、パタン配列は、ランダム配列した形状、周期的に配列したパタン形状のどちらでもよい。特に、パタンが周期的に配列した形状の場合、その周期ピッチサイズが50nm~1000nmであることが好ましく、80nm~700nmピッチであることがより好ましく、100nm~250nmピッチであることがさらに好ましい。凹凸パタン高さは、50nm~500nmであることが好ましく、100nm~250nmであることがより好ましい。さらに、凸部または凹部断面形状のアスペクト比が0.5~10であることが好ましく、アスペクト比が1~5であることがより好ましい。ここでのアスペクト比とは、凸部または凹部断面形状の高さ(a)をa/2の高さ位置での半値幅(b)で割った値(a/b)と規定する。
マスターモールドは、表面に微細凹凸パタンを具備し、材質としては、石英ガラス、紫外線透過ガラス、サファイヤ、ダイヤモンド、ポリジメチルシロキサン等のシリコーン材、フッ素樹脂、シリコンウエハ、SiC基板、マイカ基板等が挙げられる。ナノパタン転写時の離型性をより向上させるために、離型処理を行っても良い。
下記工程11~下記工程14を順に行うことで、本発明に係る硬化性樹脂組成物を転写剤として使って、マスターモールドから樹脂モールドを作製することができる。
工程11:基板の上に硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布する工程(樹脂を塗工する工程)。
工程12:上記工程11において硬化性樹脂組成物をマスターモールドに押圧する工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程13:上記工程12において硬化性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程14:硬化物をマスターモールドから剥離し、マスターモールドのパタン形状の反転形状を具備した樹脂モールド(F)を得る工程(硬化物を鋳型から剥離する工程)。
工程21:基板の上に硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布する工程(樹脂を塗工する工程)。
工程22:上記工程21において硬化性樹脂組成物をマスターモールドに押圧する工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程23:上記工程22において硬化性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程24:上記工程23において硬化物をマスターモールドから剥離し、マスターモールド形状の反転形状を具備した樹脂モールド(F(+))を得る工程(硬化物を鋳型から剥離する工程)。
工程25:基板の上に硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布する工程(樹脂を塗工する工程)。
工程26:上記工程25において硬化性樹脂組成物を樹脂モールドに押圧する工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程27:上記工程26において硬化性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程28:上記工程27において硬化物を樹脂モールド(F(+))から剥離し、マスターモールドのパタン形状と同じパタン形状を具備した樹脂モールド(F(-))を得る工程。
下記工程31~下記工程34を順に行うことにより、公知慣用の感光性樹脂組成物を転写剤として使って、樹脂モールドから、上記反転形状を具備した樹脂転写物を製造できる。
工程31:基板の上に公知慣用の感光性樹脂組成物を塗布する工程(樹脂を塗工する工程)。
工程32:上記工程31において感光性樹脂組成物を樹脂モールドに押圧する工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程33:上記工程32において感光性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程34:上記工程33において該硬化物を樹脂モールドから剥離し、樹脂モールド(F)のパタン形状と反転形状を具備した転写物を得る工程(硬化物を鋳型から剥離する工程)。
工程41:基板の上に硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布する工程(樹脂を塗工する工程)。
工程42:上記工程41において硬化性樹脂組成物をマスターモールドに押圧する工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程43:上記工程42において硬化性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程44:上記工程43において硬化物をマスターモールドから剥離し、マスターモールド形状の反転形状を具備した樹脂モールド(F(+))を得る工程(硬化物を鋳型から剥離する工程)。
工程45:上記工程44において作製した樹脂モールド(F(+))とロール基材との間に硬化性樹脂組成物を挟持させる工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程46:上記工程45において硬化性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程47:上記工程47において硬化物を樹脂モールド(F(+))から剥離し、マスターモールドのパタン形状と同じパタン形状を具備した樹脂製ロールスタンパ(F(-))を得る工程(硬化物を鋳型から剥離する工程)。
工程51:基板の上に感光性樹脂組成物を塗布する工程(樹脂を塗工する工程)。
工程52:上記工程51において感光性樹脂組成物を樹脂製ロールスタンパに押圧する工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程53:上記工程52において感光性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程54:上記工程53において該硬化物を樹脂モールド(F)から剥離し、樹脂モールド(F)のパタン形状と反転形状を具備した転写物を連続的に製造できる工程(硬化物を鋳型から剥離する工程)。
工程61:基板の上に感光性樹脂組成物を塗布する工程(樹脂を塗工する工程)。
工程62:上記工程61において感光性樹脂組成物を樹脂モールド(F)連続成形体に押圧する工程(樹脂を鋳型に押圧する工程)。
工程63:上記工程62において感光性樹脂組成物を光ラジカル重合させ硬化物を得る工程(樹脂を光硬化させる工程)。
工程64:上記工程63において該硬化物を樹脂モールド(F)連続成形体から剥離し、樹脂モールド(F)のパタン形状の反転形状を具備した転写物を連続的に製造できる工程(硬化物を鋳型から剥離する工程)。
樹脂組成物の基板上に塗布する方法として、流延法、ポッティング法、スピンコート法、ローラーコート法、バーコート法、キャスト法、ディップコート法、ダイコート法、ラングミュアプロジェット法、噴霧コート法、エアーナイフコート法、フローコート法、カーテンコート法、等が挙げられる。硬化性樹脂組成物の塗工厚は、50nm~5mmが好ましく、100nm~200μmがより好ましく、100nm~100μmがさらに好ましい。
気泡が入らないように柔軟性の高い基板を端から静かに鋳型(マスターモールドや樹脂モールドや樹脂製ロールスタンパなど)上に被膜し、一定圧力下にて押圧することが好ましい。押圧する際のプレス圧力は、0MPa超~10MPaが好ましく、0.01MPa~5MPaがより好ましく、0.01MPa~1MPaがさらに好ましい。
マスターモールドの光透過性が低い場合、基板側から露光することが好ましい。一方、マスターモールドが紫外波長の光に対する透過率が高い場合、例えば合成石英材質の場合は、基材側またはマスターモールド側の少なくとも一側面から露光することが好ましく、基材側とマスターモールド側の両面から露光するとより好ましい。樹脂モールドを使用した場合、基板側または樹脂モールド(F)側の少なくとも一側面から露光することが好ましく、基板側と樹脂モールド(F)側の両面から露光するとより好ましい。基板を使用せず、硬化性樹脂組成物のみをマスターモールドに塗布して硬化させてもよい。その場合は、酸素による重合阻害を防ぐため、窒素雰囲気下またはアルゴン雰囲気下での露光する方法、または、接着性の低い基板で被覆し、硬化後、基板と樹脂モールドを剥がしとる方法等で硬化物を製造できる。
マスターモールドに柔軟性がある場合、モールド面側または基材面側の少なくとも一方から一定速度で剥離することが好ましい。剥離方法としては、線剥離が好ましい。例えば、マスターモールドの剛性が高い材質の場合、特に無機材質の場合、マスターモールド側から剥離すると部分的に面剥離による剥離面積が高くなり、硬化物の破損が懸念される。したがって、柔軟性のある基板側から剥がすことが好ましい。剥離速度は、特定方向から一定速度で0m/min超~5m/minの速度で線剥離することが、硬化物の破損リスクを低減できる点で好ましい。
表面に微細パタンを有する熱可塑性樹脂は、マスターモールドを熱可塑性樹脂に熱圧着させてマスターモールドの微細パタンを熱可塑性樹脂に形成する工程およびマスターモールドを熱可塑性樹脂から離脱させる工程を具備する方法で製造される。熱圧着させる方法以外に、キャスト法で塗布してから熱硬化させる方法でも作製することができる。
本発明に係る樹脂モールドは、ナノインプリント用途において様々に用いられ、具体的には、マイクロレンズアレーやワイヤグリッド型偏光、モスアイ型無反射膜や回折格子、フォトニック結晶素子などの光デバイスや、パターンドメディアなどのナノインプリント用途として製造する際に用いられる。他にも、細胞培養シートや脂肪培養チップ、バイオセンサー電極などのバイオデバイスへの製造に用いることができる。その他にも、各種電池やキャパシタの電極や、マイクロ・ナノ流路、放熱面、断熱面などへと応用できる。
以下、本発明の効果を明確にするために行った実施例について説明する。
樹脂モールドを使用しナノインプリント法により転写された微細凹凸構造の残膜厚は走査型電子顕微鏡(以下、SEM)観察より測定した。まず、試料を適当な大きさに切り出した後に、常温割断し、試料台に積載した。次に、観察面にOsを2nm程度コーティングし、検鏡用試料とした。使用装置及び検鏡条件は以下に示す。
装置;HITACHI s-5500
加速電圧;10kV
MODE;Normal
樹脂モールドの表面フッ素元素濃度はX線光電子分光法(以下、XPS)にて測定した。XPSにおける、X線のサンプル表面への侵入長は数nmと非常に浅いため、XPSの測定値を本発明における樹脂モールド表面のフッ素元素濃度(Es)として採用した。樹脂モールドを約2mm四方の小片として切り出し、1mm×2mmのスロット型のマスクを被せて下記条件でXPS測定に供した。
XPS測定条件
使用機器 ;サーモフィッシャーESCALAB250
励起源 ;mono.AlKα 15kV×10mA
分析サイズ;約1mm(形状は楕円)
取込領域
Survey scan;0~1, 100eV
Narrow scan;F 1s,C 1s,O 1s,N 1s
Pass energy
Survey scan; 100eV
Narrow scan; 20eV
PETフィルム上に作製した樹脂モールドの透過率は、分光光度計(SHIMADZU、UV-2550)を用いて測定した。あらかじめPETフィルム単体の透過率を測定し、その値をバックグランドとして、樹脂モールド単体の透過率を算出した。実施例1~実施例3で作製した樹脂モールドはいずれも波長350nm~450nmでの全光線透過率が50%以上であった。
微細凹凸の大きさが150nm且つピッチが145nmの微細凹凸構造を表面に有するニッケル製の平板状金型にハーベス社製のDurasurf 2101Zを用い離型処理を施した。OPTOOL DAC HP(ダイキン工業社製)とトリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(東亞合成社製 M350)及びIrgacure 184(Ciba社製)を重量部で10:100:5の割合で混合し、金型の微細凹凸構造面上に滴下した。続いて、PETフィルムで混合液を挟み込むと同時にハンドローラーを使用し引き延ばした。PETフィルム面側からのUV露光後、金型とPETフィルムを剥離しフッ素含有樹脂モールドを得た。
微細凹凸の大きさが150nm且つピッチが145nmの微細凹凸構造を表面に有するニッケル製の円筒状金型にハーベス社製のDurasurf 2101Zを用い離型処理を施した。OPTOOL DAC HP(ダイキン工業社製)とトリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(東亞合成社製 M350)及びIrgacure 184(Ciba社製)を重量部で10:100:5の割合で混合した。続いて、混合液をマイクログラビアを用いてPETフィルムへと塗工した。続いて、PETフィルムに対する60℃の乾燥工程を経て、上記ニッケル製金型の微細凹凸構造面と張り合わせた。UV露光後、金型とPETフィルムを剥離しフッ素含有樹脂モールドを得た。
微細凹凸の大きさが150nm且つピッチが145nmの微細凹凸構造を表面に有するニッケル製の円筒状金型にハーベス社製のDurasurf 2101Zを用い離型処理を施した。CHEMINOX FAMAC-6(ユニマッテク社製)とトリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(東亞合成社製 M350)及びIrgacure 184(Ciba社製)を重量部で2:100:5の割合で混合した。続いて、混合液をマイクログラビアを用いてPETフィルムへと塗工した。続いて、PETフィルムに対する60℃の乾燥工程を経て、ニッケル製金型の微細凹凸構造面と張り合わせた。PET面側からのUV露光後、金型とPETフィルムを剥離しフッ素含有樹脂モールドを得た。
実施例1~実施例3で調合した樹脂組成物を転写剤として、実施例1~実施例3で作製した樹脂モールドの反転転写を行った。樹脂モールドをステンレス板の上に固定し、微細凹凸構造面上に転写剤を滴下した。続いて、PETフィルムで転写剤を挟み込むと同時にハンドローラーを使用して引き伸ばした。被覆したPETフィルム面側からUV露光後、樹脂モールドと被覆したPETフィルムを剥離し、樹脂モールドの転写品Aを得た。同手順にて、同一樹脂モールドから三回連続して転写品Aを作製した。三回とも一定の低剥離抵抗(平均10mN/mm)を示した。また、目視観察では、転写面の破断は確認されなかった。さらに詳細に転写性を確認するため、樹脂モールド及び転写品Aの断面SEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)観察を行った。樹脂モールド側の凹凸構造と転写品Aの凸凹構造が一致し転写性が良好であることが確認された。この結果から、転写品Aは、マスターモールドと同じパタン形状を具備した樹脂モールドであることが確認された。
上記転写品Bを用いて、ワイヤグリッド偏光フィルムを下記手順により作製し、光学性能評価を行った。
・スパッタリング法を用いた誘電体層の形成
凹凸形状転写表面に、スパッタリング法により誘電体層として二酸化珪素を成膜した。スパッタリング装置条件は、Arガス圧力0.2Pa、スパッタリングパワー770W/cm2、被覆速度0.1nm/sとし、転写フィルム上の誘電体平均厚みが3nmとなるように成膜した。ここでは、誘電体の厚みを測定するため表面が平滑なガラス基板を転写フィルムと共に装置に挿入し、平滑ガラス基板上の誘電体厚みを誘電体平均厚みとした。
次に誘電体層を成膜した凹凸形状転写表面に、真空蒸着によりアルミニウム(Al)を成膜した。Alの蒸着条件は、常温下、真空度2.0×10-3Pa、蒸着速度40nm/sとした。Alの厚みを測定するため表面が平滑なガラス基板を転写フィルムと共に装置に挿入し、平滑ガラス基板上のAl厚みをAl平均厚みとし、格子の長手方向と垂直に交わる平面内において基材面の法線と蒸着源のなす角度を蒸着角θとした。蒸着角θを20°、Al平均厚みを133nmとした。
次にアルカリ水溶液に浸漬し不要なAlを除去した。不要Alの除去としては、Al蒸着した転写フィルムを室温下で、0.1重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に80秒間浸漬することで行った。
偏光度と光線透過率の測定には偏光フィルム評価装置(日本分光社製、V7000)を用い、23℃65%RHの条件で行った。結果、偏光度99.90%で光線透過率42.5%であった。比較対象として、マスターモールドからUV転写した転写品を使ったワイヤグリッド偏光フィルムを作製した。作製方法は上記手順に従って作製した。結果、偏光度99.90%で光線透過率42.0%であった。すなわち、マスターモールドまたは樹脂モールドを鋳型として作製したワイヤグリッド偏光フィルムの光学性能は同等であることが確認された。以上より、樹脂モールドがワイヤグリッド偏光フィルム用のモールドとして使用できることが証明された。
偏光度=[(Imax-Imin)/(Imax+Imin)]×100%
3-エチル-3{[(3-エチルオキセタン-3-イル)メトキシ]メチル}オキセタン及び3,4-エポキシシクロヘキセニルメチル-3’,4‘-エポキシシクロヘキセンカルボキシレートを含むカチオン重合性樹脂を、マイクログラビアを用いSiO2を蒸着したPETフィルムへと塗工した。続いて、PETフィルムを実施例1、実施例2及び実施例3で作製したフッ素含有樹脂モールドと貼り合わせると同時にゴムニップにより圧力を加え、ニップ圧がなくなった状態で樹脂モールド側からUV露光した。UV露光後、モールドと該PETフィルムとを剥離した。転写された微細凹凸構造をSEMにて観察したところ、残膜厚は5nm以下であった。
比較例1として、実施例1での組成においてフッ素樹脂組成を含まない組成物を調合し、樹脂モールドを作製した。結果、UV硬化後に転写剤硬化物との界面剥離ができなかった。
微細凹凸の大きさが150nm且つピッチが145nmの微細凹凸構造を表面に有するニッケル製の平板状金型にハーベス社製のDurasurf 2101Zを用い離型処理を施した。東洋合成工業社製のPAC01を金型の微細凹凸構造面上に滴下した。続いて、PETフィルムでUV硬化性樹脂を挟み込むと同時にハンドローラーを使用し引き延ばした。PETフィルム面側からのUV露光後、金型とPETフィルムを剥離し樹脂モールドを得た。
・円筒状金型作製
円筒状金型の基材には石英ガラスを用いた。半導体レーザーを用いた直接描画リソグラフィー法により石英ガラス表面に微細凹凸構造を形成した。微細凹凸構造を形成した石英ガラスロール表面に対し、デュラサーフHD-1101Z(ダイキン化学工業社製)を塗布し、60℃で1時間加熱後、室温で24時間静置して固定化した。その後、デュラサーフHD-ZV(ダイキン化学工業社製)で3回洗浄し、離型処理を実施した。
下記表1に示すサンプルNo.に対応した原料を混合し、光硬化性樹脂を調合した。フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートとして、下記表1中の、サンプルNo.D1~D7、D4’及びD5’においてはOPTOOL DAC HP(ダイキン工業社製)を使用した。また、サンプルNo.F1においては、CHEMINOX FAMAC-6(ユニマッテク社製)を使用した。サンプルNo.KKは、次のように合成した。トリフルオロエチルメタアクリレート45重量部、パーフルオロオクチルエチルアクリレート45重量部、グリシジルメタアクリレート10重量部、ドデシルメルカプタン0.5重量部、2-2’-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)1.5重量部及び、メチルエチルケトン200重量を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、80度、7時間攪拌し、メチルエチルケトン溶液で希釈されたプレポリマーを得た。次に、プレポリマーのメチルエチルケトン溶液の26重量部と、フルオライトFE-16の4重量部と、サンエイドSI-100L(三新化学工業社製の商品名)の0.2重量部とを混合し、メチルエチルケトンで固形分が10%になるように希釈することにより、サンプルNo.KKを得た。
得られた各サンプルNo.に対応するリール状樹脂モールド(A)を鋳型とし、転写材にリール状樹脂モールド(A)の作製に使用した樹脂を用い、次のように転写を行い、リール状樹脂モールド(B)を得た。PETフィルム:A4100(東洋紡社製:幅300mm、厚さ100μm)に、該PETフィルムの易接着面にマイクログラビアコーティング(廉井精機社製)により、塗布膜厚6μmになるように塗布した。次いで、上記樹脂モールド(A)の微細凹凸構造面に対し、光硬化性樹脂が塗布されたPETフィルムをニップロール(0.1MPa)で押し付け、大気下、温度25℃、湿度60%で、ランプ中心下での積算露光量が600mJ/cm2となるように、UV露光装置(フュージョンUVシステムズ・ジャパン社製、Hバルブ)を用いて紫外線を照射し、連続的に光硬化を実施し、表面に微細凹凸構造が転写されたリール状の樹脂モールド(B)(長さ200m、幅300mm)を得た。
得られたリール状樹脂モールド(B)から樹脂モールド(C)の作製は、バッチ式で次のようにも行った。リール状樹脂モールド(B)を15cm四方にカットし、該樹脂モールド(B)上に光硬化性樹脂を滴下し、PETフィルム:A4100の易接着面と貼り合わせると同時に、ハンドローラで引き延ばし、続いてUV光を照射した。続いて、105度のオーブン中で3分加熱し、その後、樹脂モールド(B)を剥離し、樹脂モールド(C)を得た。続いて、樹脂モールド(C)を12cm四方にカットし、該樹脂モールド(C)上に光硬化性樹脂を滴下し、PETフィルム:A4100の易接着面と貼り合わせると同時に、ハンドローラで引き延ばし、続いてUV光を照射した。続いて、105度のオーブン中で3分加熱し、その後、樹脂モールド(C)を剥離し、樹脂モールド(D)を得た。これらの操作は、全て、樹脂モールドを構成する樹脂と同様の樹脂を用い行った。
得られたリール状樹脂モールド(B)を鋳型とし、転写材に次に示す樹脂を用い、次のように転写を行い、リール状樹脂成型体を得た。
樹脂…SH710(東レ・ダウコーニング社製)とKBM5103(信越化学工業社製)とチタニウムテトラブトキシド(和光純薬工業社製)とIrgacure184(Ciba社製)及びIrgacure369(Ciba社製)を重量部で、1:2:2:0.068:0.032の割合で混合
上記転写結果と、リール状樹脂モールド(A)のEs/Eb値を下記表1に示す。下記表1における略語は次の意味を示す。
・OPTOOL DAC HP(ダイキン工業社製)又はFAMAC6…溶媒を含有したフッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート
・非フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート…トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(東亞合成社製 M350)
・フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート…非フッ素含有の(メタ)アクリレート(M350、グリシジルメタアクリレート)100重量部に対する溶媒を除いたフッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートの重量部
・Es/Eb…Esは上述したXPS法による測定値を使用した。Ebは、仕込み量から算出した。
・離形性評価1…樹脂モールド(A)の作製において、円筒状モールド(金型)に対する離型処理を施さなかった場合の転写結果。×はパタン形成ができなかった場合。△は、転写はできるが部分的にパタンが破壊されていた場合。○は、転写結果良好な場合。
・離形性評価2…樹脂モールド(A)から樹脂モールド(B)の作製をバッチ式で行った場合の転写結果。nは20枚。×は、樹脂モールド(A)と樹脂モールド(B)が密着し、剥離できなかった場合。△は、部分的に剥離出来なかった場合。○は、剥離可能だが、パタンが部分的に破壊されていた場合。◎は、20枚全て転写性が良好な場合。
・離形性評価3…樹脂モールド(A)から樹脂モールド(C)、(D)の作製を行った場合の転写結果。×は、樹脂モールド(C)或いは樹脂モールド(D)の作製過程で、剥離が全く出来なかった場合。△は、樹脂モールド(D)まで作製可能だが、部分的に剥離出来なかった場合。○は、樹脂モールド(D)まで作製可能だが、部分的にパタンが破壊されていた場合。◎は、樹脂モールド(D)まで、良好に転写された場合。
・離形性評価4…樹脂モールド(A)から作製した樹脂モールド(B)により、他の樹脂へ転写した場合の転写結果。×は、密着してしまい剥離できなかった場合。△は、部分的に剥離できなかった場合。○は、部分的にパタンが破壊されていた場合。◎は、転写が良好な場合。
Claims (12)
- 表面に微細凹凸構造を有する樹脂モールドであって、樹脂モールド表面部のフッ素元素濃度(Es)が、樹脂モールドを構成する樹脂中の平均フッ素元素濃度(Eb)以上であることを特徴とする樹脂モールド。
- 前記樹脂モールドを構成する樹脂中の平均フッ素元素濃度(Eb)と前記樹脂モールド表面部のフッ素元素濃度(Es)との比が下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1記載の樹脂モールド。
式(1)
1≦Es/Eb≦1500 - 350nm~450nmにおける全光線透過率が50%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の樹脂モールド。
- 光ナノインプリントにより形成された光重合性混合物の硬化物から成ることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の樹脂モールド。
- 前記光重合性混合物が、(メタ)アクリレート、フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート、及び光重合開始剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項4記載の樹脂モールド。
- 前記(メタ)アクリレート100重量部に対して、前記フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートを0.1重量部~50重量部、前記光重合開始剤を0.01重量部~10重量部含有することを特徴とする請求項5記載の樹脂モールド。
- 前記微細凹凸構造の形状が、ピッチ50nm~1000nmであり、高さが50nm~500nmであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載の樹脂モールド。
- ナノインプリント用であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7のいずれかに記載の樹脂モールド。
- 樹脂モールドを構成する樹脂中の平均フッ素元素濃度(Eb)と樹脂モールド表面部のフッ素元素濃度(Es)との比が下記式(2)を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1記載の樹脂モールド。
式(2)
20≦Es/Eb≦200 - 前記非フッ素含有の(メタ)アクリレート100重量部に対して、フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートを0.8重量部~6重量部含有することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の樹脂モールド。
- 請求項10に記載の樹脂モールドの製造方法であって、非フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート100重量部、フッ素含有(メタ)アクリレートを0.8重量部~6重量部、及び光重合開始剤を含む光重合性混合物を基板又はマスターモールド上に塗布する工程と、前記光重合性混合物を前記基板と前記マスターモールドとの間で押圧する工程と、前記光重合性混合物を露光により硬化させて硬化物を得る工程と、前記マスターモールドから前記硬化物を剥離する工程とを有することを特徴とする樹脂モールドの製造方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6038261B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
CN102791452A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
CN102791452B (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
JP5908214B2 (ja) | 2016-04-26 |
EP2546041B1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
JP2016026122A (ja) | 2016-02-12 |
US10766169B2 (en) | 2020-09-08 |
TWI428225B (zh) | 2014-03-01 |
EP2546041A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
EP2546041A4 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
KR101381489B1 (ko) | 2014-04-04 |
TW201144027A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
KR20120128659A (ko) | 2012-11-27 |
JP2011207221A (ja) | 2011-10-20 |
US20130049255A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
US20180207841A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
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