WO2011089934A1 - 建設機械の冷却構造 - Google Patents
建設機械の冷却構造 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011089934A1 WO2011089934A1 PCT/JP2011/050162 JP2011050162W WO2011089934A1 WO 2011089934 A1 WO2011089934 A1 WO 2011089934A1 JP 2011050162 W JP2011050162 W JP 2011050162W WO 2011089934 A1 WO2011089934 A1 WO 2011089934A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- battery
- construction machine
- engine
- ventilation
- Prior art date
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
- E02F9/0858—Arrangement of component parts installed on superstructures not otherwise provided for, e.g. electric components, fenders, air-conditioning units
- E02F9/0866—Engine compartment, e.g. heat exchangers, exhaust filters, cooling devices, silencers, mufflers, position of hydraulic pumps in the engine compartment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/18—Counterweights
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
- B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
- B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
- B60Y2200/412—Excavators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/61—Arrangements of controllers for electric machines, e.g. inverters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a construction machine that includes an engine room and a counterweight area, and uses a battery as a counterweight mounted in the counterweight area.
- the present invention can efficiently discharge heat generated by the battery, and at the same time, exhaust the engine room.
- the present invention relates to a construction machine cooling structure that does not suck in the counterweight area.
- hybrid drive systems have been sold by various companies for automobiles, and for construction machines, an engine and electric motor have been combined to reduce fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions.
- Hybrid drive systems and battery-driven construction machines that are driven only by batteries have been developed.
- a lead battery or a lithium battery that can supply a large amount of power instantaneously, but uses a capacitor with a small storage capacity, or a large storage capacity that cannot supply a large amount of power instantaneously.
- a battery etc. the case where both are used together is considered.
- these power storage devices have a low heat-resistant temperature and often require sufficient cooling with relatively low temperature air.
- the lead battery has a low heat-resistant temperature and needs sufficient ventilation cooling.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a counterweight area at the rear end of a vehicle body as a mounting position on the vehicle body. 2.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-224585 of Patent Document 1 relates to an example in which a battery is installed in the last counterweight area and the battery is cooled by a fan, and a heavy object is used in the counterweight area, for a battery-powered construction machine. It is described that when a certain battery is mounted, the battery also serves as a counterweight that balances the weight with the boom.
- the cooling air is not directly introduced from the outside air, but the air after cooling the oil cooler is guided to the battery cooling fan, thereby cooling the battery.
- the temperature of the cooling air supplied to the battery rises compared to the outside air when the number of mounted batteries is large, when the heat generation amount of the battery is large, or when the heat-resistant temperature of the battery is low. Therefore, there is a problem that the cooling performance of the battery is lowered.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-328392 of Patent Document 2 describes a device arrangement structure for construction machines in a hybrid drive system.
- a structure is described in which a battery is arranged inside the counterweight area and this battery is covered with a cover, but a cooling structure for the battery itself is not considered.
- a hybrid drive system for construction machines especially hydraulic excavators, a lot of lead batteries, lithium ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, etc. that can be charged at night by plug-in system are installed in the revolving body to reduce fuel consumption. it is expected to perform the reduction of or CO 2 emissions.
- additional electric equipment for the hybrid will be installed, and the placement of the electric equipment inside the revolving structure is a major issue.
- the battery is often heavy, and a large number of batteries are required to be mounted in order to obtain the merit of reducing fuel consumption by plug-in, and the mounting volume increases. For this reason, it is suitable to use the counterweight area at the rear end of the vehicle body as the battery mounting location on the vehicle body.
- a dedicated cooling flow path that is independent of the engine room cooling flow path is necessary for cooling the battery.
- the counterweight area is a space curved in an arc shape, and there is a large space in the vertical direction. In the mounted state, there is a problem that the flow of cooling air must be controlled so that uniform cooling air can be supplied to each battery.
- the intake and exhaust ports for cooling the battery are configured as openings in the counterweight structure, there are many cases where a very large opening cannot be prepared due to constraints in securing the strength of the counterweight structure. Therefore, compared with the size of the ventilation cross section of the battery, there is a problem that the size of the intake port and the exhaust port is small, and the cooling air from the intake port must be sufficiently spread and supplied to the ventilation cross section of the battery. .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a construction machine cooling structure capable of efficiently cooling a large number of batteries mounted in a counterweight area.
- the first means of the present invention includes an engine, a radiator for cooling the engine, an engine room equipped with a hydraulic pump, A construction machine cooling structure having a counterweight area with a battery mounted therein, A ventilation passage for cooling the engine compartment and a ventilation passage for cooling the battery are formed separately and independently, The exhaust port of the ventilation channel for cooling the engine chamber and the intake port of the ventilation channel for cooling the battery are formed on different surfaces.
- the different surfaces are the opposite sides of the construction machine.
- the third means of the present invention includes an engine, a radiator for cooling the engine, an engine room equipped with a hydraulic pump, A construction machine cooling structure having a counterweight area with a battery mounted therein, A ventilation passage for cooling the engine compartment and a ventilation passage for cooling the battery are formed separately and independently, The flow direction of the cooling air flowing through the ventilation passage for cooling the engine chamber and the distribution direction of the cooling air flowing through the ventilation passage for cooling the battery are substantially the same. .
- the fourth means of the present invention is an engine, a radiator for cooling the engine, an engine room equipped with a hydraulic pump, A construction machine cooling structure having a counterweight area with a battery mounted therein, A ventilation passage for cooling the engine compartment and a ventilation passage for cooling the battery are formed separately and independently, An air inlet of the ventilation channel for cooling the engine room and an air inlet of the ventilation channel for cooling the battery are formed on the same side surface of the construction machine, The exhaust port of the ventilation channel for cooling the engine room and the exhaust port of the ventilation channel for cooling the battery are on the same side of the construction machine opposite to the side on which the intake port is formed. It is characterized by being formed.
- a blower that generates cooling air for the battery is installed at a downstream portion in the cooling air flow direction of the ventilation passage for cooling the battery.
- a blower for generating cooling air for the battery is installed in an intermediate portion in the cooling air flow direction of the ventilation passage for cooling the battery.
- a cooling duct for cooling the battery is connected to an inlet and an outlet, and a ventilation duct is provided to form a ventilation channel for cooling the battery.
- the battery is mounted in the ventilation duct.
- guide means such as an air scatter resistance plate, a wind guide plate, or a dummy resistor, which will be described later, is provided for guiding the flow of the cooling air. To do.
- a heat insulating material is installed in the ventilation channel for cooling the battery.
- the battery is mounted with a gap for circulating the cooling air along a flow direction of the cooling air flowing through the ventilation passage for cooling the battery.
- the eleventh means of the present invention is any one of the first to tenth means,
- the battery is mounted along a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the cooling air flowing through the ventilation passage for cooling the battery with a gap for circulating the cooling air.
- a twelfth means of the present invention is any one of the first to eleventh means, A plurality of shelves are installed in the counterweight area, the batteries are fixed on the respective shelves, and a gap for circulating cooling air is formed between the batteries and the upper shelves. It is characterized by.
- the battery is a battery selected from the group consisting of a lead battery, a lithium ion battery, and a nickel-hydrogen battery.
- the present invention has the above-described configuration, and can provide a construction machine cooling structure capable of efficiently cooling a large number of batteries mounted in the counterweight area.
- FIG. 1 to 3 are views showing a cooling structure of a construction machine (swivel body) such as a hydraulic excavator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a top sectional view of the swing body
- FIG. I is a left side view of the revolving structure
- FIG. 2B is a right side view of the revolving structure
- FIG. 3 is a left sectional view of the revolving structure.
- cooling structure of the battery and other devices is shown for the second half of the swivel body of the plug-in hybrid drive type hydraulic excavator.
- a turning motor 2 that generates a turning force by electricity is mounted at a substantially central position of the turning body 1, and the turning body 1 rotates around the central axis 3 of the turning motor 2.
- the swivel body 1 is provided with an engine chamber 5 in which many hydraulic devices and electric devices including the engine 4 are mounted, and a counterweight area 6 at the rear end of the vehicle body adjacent to the engine chamber 5.
- the engine room 5 has a diesel engine 4 disposed at the center thereof, a hydraulic pump 7 for operating a boom or the like on the right side of the drawing, and is disposed between the engine 4 and the hydraulic pump 7.
- An assist motor 8 that assists the operation of the engine 4 and drives the hydraulic pump 7 is mounted.
- an inverter 9 for driving the swing motor 2 a capacitor 10 for regenerating and storing the electric power of the swing motor 2, and then releasing it instantaneously, an engine radiator 11 for water cooling of the engine 4, A blower fan 12, a cooling water pump 13 (P1), and the like are mounted.
- the heat generated in the engine 4 is absorbed by the cooling water circulating through the cooling water pump 13 (P1) and the cooling water pipe 14, and is transported to the engine radiator 11 by heat.
- the cooling water sent into the engine radiator 11 is cooled by the air flow supplied from the left side toward the drawing by the blower fan 12.
- the cooling water is a mixture of about 50% of antifreeze such as ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and does not freeze even at low temperatures such as in winter.
- a partition wall 15 is disposed between the blower fan 12 and the engine radiator 11 so that suction due to airflow leakage between the blower fan 12 and the engine radiator 11 is difficult to occur.
- the cooling water cooled in the engine radiator 11 is pressurized by the cooling water pump 13 (P 1), cools the assist motor 8, and is supplied to the engine 4 again through the cooling water pipe 16.
- the swing motor 2, the inverter 9, and the capacitor 10 are also water-cooled with cooling water mixed with antifreeze similar to engine cooling water.
- the heat-resistant temperature of the capacitor 10 and inverter 9 is lower than that of the engine 4, It constitutes an independent water cooling system separate from the cooling water.
- the cooling water pressurized by the cooling water pump 17 (P2) is supplied via the cooling water pipe 18 to the capacitor 10 having the lowest heat resistance temperature in the water cooling system of this electric device. After cooling the capacitor 10 with water, the cooling water sequentially cools the inverter 9 and the swing motor 2, and finally flows into the radiator 20 for electric equipment via the cooling water pipe 19.
- the electric equipment radiator 20 is provided on the upstream side of the engine radiator 11, and dissipates heat by using cooling air generated by the blower fan 12.
- the heat generated from the engine 4, the assist motor 8, the turning motor 2, the inverter 9, the capacitor 10 and the like disposed in the engine room 5 is collectively collected by the engine radiator 11 and the electric device dedicated radiator 20. It has a structure that dissipates heat.
- the air flow for cooling the two radiators 11 and 20 in the engine chamber 5 is sucked 22 from an intake port 21 provided on the left side surface of the engine chamber 5, and the radiator 20 for electric equipment, the radiator 11 for engine,
- the fan 12, the engine 4, the assist motor 8, and the hydraulic pump 7 flow through the ventilation passage 23 in this order to cool each device, and are exhausted 25 from the exhaust port 24 provided on the right side of the engine chamber 5 to the outside. .
- Batteries that can be charged at night using a commercial power supply via plug-ins such as lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and nickel-hydrogen batteries, are often heavier than other components and are also dependent on plug-ins.
- plug-ins such as lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and nickel-hydrogen batteries
- the counterweight area 6 at the rear end of the vehicle body is suitable to use as the battery mounting location on the revolving structure 1.
- a large number of rectangular lead batteries 27 are mounted in a counterweight area 6 surrounded by a counterweight structure wall 26.
- the lead battery 27 requires a special cooling despite its low heat-resistant temperature and a relatively small calorific value. Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently cool a large number of lead batteries 27 mounted in the counterweight area 6. Furthermore, when considering cooling of the lead battery 27 having a low heat-resistant temperature, the exhaust gas 25 whose temperature has risen after the engine room 5 is cooled by ventilation is not sucked as cooling air for cooling the lead battery 27. It will be an important issue. Therefore, the air cooling structure of the lead battery 27 shown below was adopted.
- the air flow for cooling the lead battery 27 is sucked 29 from an intake port 28 provided in the counterweight structure wall 26, passes through a perforated plate or an armor door 30 that prevents inflow of dust and the like, and flows into the counterweight area 6. To do.
- the exhaust port 31 is provided on the side surface (position) opposite to the intake port 28 of the counterweight structure wall 26.
- a ventilation duct 32 connecting the intake port 28 and the exhaust port 31 is provided between the intake port 28 and the exhaust port 31, and a large number of lead batteries 27 are arranged in the ventilation duct 32. With this ventilation duct 32, it is possible to prevent wind leakage and air inflow caused by the large number of lead batteries 27 mounted along the flow direction and increase the ventilation resistance, thereby improving the cooling performance of the lead battery 27. can do.
- a lead battery blower fan 33 for efficiently moving the introduced cooling air is mounted.
- the lead battery blower fan 33 is mounted at the most downstream portion in the cooling air flow direction in the ventilation duct 32, and the cooling air sucked 29 from the intake port 28 is lead like the ventilation channel 34. All the lead batteries 27 are cooled between the batteries 27 and flow into the lead battery blower fan 33. The air flow contributing to cooling of the lead battery 27 passes through the perforated plate and the armor door 35 and is exhausted 36 from the exhaust port 31 to the outside of the machine. In this manner, by installing the lead battery blower fan 33 at the most downstream portion in the cooling wind direction in the ventilation duct 32, uniform cooling air can be generated for each battery row.
- the ventilation channel 34 for cooling the lead battery 27 extends in substantially the same longitudinal direction independently of the ventilation channel 23 for cooling the engine compartment 5, and the lead battery 27. And the flow direction of the cooling air in the engine chamber 5 are substantially parallel to each other.
- a cooling air inlet 28 for cooling the lead battery 27 and a cooling air inlet 21 for cooling the engine compartment 5 In order to cool the lead battery 27 to the same right side surface on the opposite side, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), with respect to the central section 37 of the revolving structure 1 including the boom operation surface.
- the cooling air exhaust port 31 and the cooling air exhaust port 24 for cooling the engine chamber 5 are formed. Thereby, the exhaust gas 25 whose temperature has risen after the engine room 5 is cooled by ventilation can be prevented from being sucked as cooling air (intake air 29) for cooling the battery. As a result, the outside air can be supplied directly to the lead battery 27 at a low temperature, and the cooling performance of the lead battery 27 can be improved.
- the counterweight area 6 is a space curved in an arc shape, and further has a large space in the vertical direction.
- the intake port 28 and the exhaust port 31 for cooling the battery are formed as openings in the counterweight structure wall 26, a very large opening cannot be formed due to restrictions in securing the strength of the counterweight structure wall 26. Therefore, compared with the size of the ventilation cross section of the central portion of the ventilation duct 32 for cooling the lead battery 27, the size of the intake port 28 and the exhaust port 31 is small, and the cooling air from the intake port 28 is sufficiently supplied. It must be spread and supplied.
- an air diffuser resistor plate 38 such as a perforated plate or a slit plate is disposed in the vicinity of the inside of the air inlet 28, and the air diffuser resistor plate 38 has a counterweight structure curved in an arc shape.
- a wind guide plate 39 is attached to the end facing the wall 26 in an inclined state.
- cooling air having a strong directivity flowing from the air inlet 28 is applied to the air scattering resistance plate 38 and diffused in the outer circumferential direction of the air scattering resistance plate 38.
- the cooling air is guided toward the rear end where it is difficult for the cooling air to reach.
- the cross-sectional shape is a triangle in order to smooth the flow of wind between the lead battery 27 area, for example, between the arc-shaped side wall portion of the counterweight structure wall 26 and the lead battery 27 row.
- the dummy resistor 40 is installed. If this dummy resistor 40 is not installed, the cooling air preferentially flows into the space where the lead battery 27 is not mounted, and the inflow of cooling air to the place where the lead battery 27 is mounted is reduced. There is a negative effect that the lead battery 27 can be unevenly cooled.
- the flow of the cooling air can be controlled so that the cooling air can be uniformly supplied to each lead battery 27. Further, the cooling air from the inlet 28 having a narrow opening can be sufficiently expanded and supplied to the entire ventilation cross section of the lead battery 27.
- the cooling air inlet 21 and the lead battery 27 for cooling the engine compartment 5 are cooled.
- a cooling air inlet 28 is provided on the left side surface of the revolving structure 1.
- the cooling air exhaust port 31 after cooling the lead battery 27 and the cooling air exhaust port 24 after cooling the engine compartment 5 are both on the right side surface of the swing body 1. Is provided.
- lead batteries 27 are respectively mounted on shelf boards 41 installed in a plurality of stages (three stages in the drawing), and each lead battery 27 is fixed (not shown). It is fixed with a jig.
- Each shelf board 41 is fixed inside the counterweight area 6 by a mounting jig (not shown) having a vibration isolation mechanism.
- a heat insulating material 42 for preventing heat from entering due to solar radiation is provided on the upper wall surface (and / or the side wall surface) in the ventilation channel for cooling the lead battery 27. Thereby, it is possible to prevent solar heat from entering the counterweight area 6.
- the material of the heat insulating material 42 may be a general heat insulating material such as urethane foam or glass fiber, and if it is a vacuum heat insulating material recently used in refrigerators, the heat insulating effect is further improved. As described above, it is possible to realize a cooling structure in which the temperature of the lead battery 27 does not increase due to solar heat even under hot weather in summer.
- FIG. 4 is a right side view of the revolving structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the cooling air discharge port 24 of the engine chamber 5 is provided not on the right side surface but on the upper surface of the right side portion so that the cooling air in the engine chamber 5 is exhausted. 25 is a point discharged upward.
- the cooling air intake ports 21 and 28 and the exhaust ports 24 and 31 of the engine chamber 5 and the lead battery 27 do not necessarily have to be formed in the side surface portion of the revolving structure 1.
- the exhaust gas 25 whose temperature has risen may be structured so as not to be sucked as cooling air for cooling the battery.
- FIG. 5 is a top cross-sectional view of a counterweight area according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference from the first embodiment is that a lead battery blower fan 33 that generates cooling air for the lead battery 27 is installed in an intermediate portion of the ventilation passage for cooling the lead battery 27. Is a point.
- the lead battery blower fan 33 becomes far from the intake port 28 and the exhaust port 31 at an approximately equal distance.
- the structure is such that noise from the lead battery fan 33 is difficult to leak, and a low-noise battery cooling structure can be realized.
- FIG. 6 is a top sectional view of the counterweight area according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a cylindrical small battery 43 is mounted instead of a rectangular parallelepiped large lead battery.
- the small cylindrical battery 43 is, for example, a lithium ion battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery. Further, there is no problem even if the cylindrical small battery 43 is a lead battery or the like.
- lithium ion batteries have the advantages of both lead batteries and capacitors. It is a battery that has both (a large amount of charge and a large instantaneous power supply), and its use is expected to expand in the future.
- a lithium ion battery often adopts a small cell shape such as a cylindrical shape or a flat rectangular shape from the viewpoint of safety, and this embodiment shows an example of a cylindrical shape.
- a lithium ion battery tends to generate a large amount of heat, and ventilation cooling of a lithium ion battery is more important than a lead battery.
- a ventilation cooling structure for a lithium ion battery as in the present embodiment, highly reliable cooling of a small battery such as a lithium ion battery is possible.
- the cooling performance can be ensured, the reliability is high, the fuel consumption is low, the CO 2 emission is small, the noise is low, and the vibration resistance is high. It is possible to realize a hybrid drive system for construction machinery.
- the first to fourth aspects of the invention it is possible to efficiently cool the battery mounted in the counterweight area. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas whose temperature has risen after the engine room has been cooled by ventilation from being sucked as cooling air for cooling the battery. Further, the outside air is directly supplied to the battery at a low temperature, and the battery cooling performance can be improved.
- the sixth aspect of the present invention it is possible to realize a low noise cooling structure with little sound leakage from the blower by installing the blower in the middle portion of the ventilation flow path for cooling the battery.
- the seventh aspect of the present invention it is possible to prevent wind leakage and air inflow.
- the eighth aspect of the present invention it is possible to control the flow of cooling air so that uniform cooling air can be supplied to each battery even when an irregular battery is mounted. Further, it is possible to supply the cooling air from the intake port having a narrow opening sufficiently wide with respect to the ventilation cross section of the ventilation channel.
- the ninth aspect of the present invention it is possible to prevent the solar heat from entering the battery mounting area under the hot summer sun.
- the battery cooling effect can be further improved.
- the cooling performance can be ensured, the reliability is high, the fuel consumption is low, and the CO 2 emission amount is low. It is possible to realize a hybrid drive system for construction machinery that is low in noise and vibration-resistant.
- a hydraulic excavator has been described among the construction machines, but the present invention is not limited to the hydraulic excavator, and can be applied to various construction machines such as a mini excavator, a wheel loader, a bulldozer, and a dump truck. It is.
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Abstract
Description
内部にバッテリを搭載したカウンタウェイトエリアを有する建設機械の冷却構造であって、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路と前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路が個別に独立して形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路の排気口と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の吸気口が異なる面に形成されていることを特徴とするものである。
前記異なる面が、当該建設機械の互いに反対側の側面であることを特徴とするものである。
内部にバッテリを搭載したカウンタウェイトエリアを有する建設機械の冷却構造であって、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路と前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路が個別に独立して形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流通方向と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流通方向が略同じであることを特徴とするものである。
内部にバッテリを搭載したカウンタウェイトエリアを有する建設機械の冷却構造であって、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路と前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路が個別に独立して形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路の吸気口と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の吸気口が、当該建設機械の同じ側面に形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路の排気口と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の排気口が、前記吸気口を形成した側面とは反対側の当該建設機械の同じ側面に形成されていることを特徴とするものである。
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の冷却風流れ方向下流部に、前記バッテリの冷却風を発生させる送風機を設置したことを特徴とするものである。
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の冷却風流れ方向中間部分に、前記バッテリの冷却風を発生させる送風機を設置したことを特徴とするものである。
前記カウンタウェイトエリア内に、前記バッテリを冷却するための冷却風の吸気口と排気口とを繋いで、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を形成する通風ダクトを設け、
その通風ダクト内に前記バッテリを搭載したことを特徴とするものである。
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路内に、前記冷却風の流れを案内するための例えば後述する風散らし抵抗板、導風ガイド板あるいはダミー抵抗体などのガイド手段を設置したことを特徴とするものである。
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路に断熱材を設置したことを特徴とするものである。
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流れ方向に沿って前記バッテリが冷却風流通用の隙間をおいて搭載されていることを特徴とするものである。
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流れ方向と直交する方向に沿って前記バッテリが冷却風流通用の隙間をおいて搭載されていることを特徴とするものである。
前記カウンタウェイトエリア内に棚板が複数段設置され、各棚板の上に前記バッテリが固定されて、前記バッテリとその上側の棚板との間に冷却風流通用の隙間が形成されていることを特徴とするものである。
前記バッテリが鉛バッテリ、リチウムイオンバッテリ、ニッケル-水素バッテリのグループから選択されたバッテリであることを特徴とするものである。
図1~図3は本発明の第一の実施形態に係る油圧ショベルなどの建設機械(旋回体)の冷却構造を示す図で、図1はその旋回体の上面断面図、図2(a)はその旋回体の左側面図、図2(b)はその旋回体の右側面図、図3はその旋回体の左断面図である。
本実施形態で前記第一の実施形態と相違する点は、鉛バッテリ27を冷却するための通風流路の中間部分に、鉛バッテリ27の冷却風を発生させる鉛バッテリ用送風ファン33を設置した点である。
本実施形態で前記第一の実施形態と相違する点は、直方体形状の大型鉛バッテリの代わりに、円柱形状の小型バッテリ43を搭載した点である。円柱形状の小型バッテリ43は、例えばリチウムイオンバッテリやニッケル-水素バッテリなどである。また、この円柱形状の小型バッテリ43が、鉛バッテリなどであっても何ら問題は無い。
請求項1ないし4に記載の発明によれば、カウンタウェイトエリアに搭載されたバッテリを、効率的に冷却することが可能となる。さらに、エンジン室を通風冷却した後の温度上昇した排気を、バッテリ冷却のための冷却風として吸い込まないようにすることが可能となる。また、外気が低温のまま直接バッテリに供給されるようになり、バッテリの冷却性能を向上させることができる。
請求項8に記載の発明によれば、不規則なバッテリの搭載状態となった場合でも、各バッテリに均一な冷却風を供給できるように冷却風の流れを制御することが可能となる。また、通風流路の通風断面に対し、開口部の狭い吸気口からの冷却風を十分に広げて供給することができる。
2 旋回モータ
3 中心軸
4 エンジン
5 エンジン室
6 カウンタウェイトエリア
7 油圧ポンプ
8 アシストモータ
9 インバータ
10 キャパシタ
11 エンジン用ラジエータ
12 送風ファン
13 冷却水ポンプ(P1)
14 冷却水配管
15 隔壁
16 冷却水配管
17 冷却水ポンプ(P2)
18 冷却水配管
19 冷却水配管
20 電動機器専用ラジエータ
21 吸気口
22 吸気
23 通風流路
24 排気口
25 排気
26 カウンタウェイト構造壁
27 鉛バッテリ
28 吸気口
29 吸気
30 多孔板や鎧戸
31 排気口
32 通風ダクト
33 鉛バッテリ用送風ファン
34 通風流路
35 多孔板や鎧戸
36 排気
37 旋回体の中央断面
38 風散らし抵抗板
39 導風ガイド板
40 ダミー抵抗体
41 棚板
42 断熱材
42 小型バッテリ
Claims (13)
- エンジンと、そのエンジンを冷却するための放熱器と、油圧ポンプを搭載したエンジン室と、
内部にバッテリを搭載したカウンタウェイトエリアを有する建設機械の冷却構造であって、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路と前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路が個別に独立して形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路の排気口と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の吸気口が異なる面に形成されていることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記異なる面が、当該建設機械の互いに反対側の側面であることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - エンジンと、そのエンジンを冷却するための放熱器と、油圧ポンプを搭載したエンジン室と、
内部にバッテリを搭載したカウンタウェイトエリアを有する建設機械の冷却構造であって、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路と前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路が個別に独立して形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流通方向と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流通方向が略同じであることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - エンジンと、そのエンジンを冷却するための放熱器と、油圧ポンプを搭載したエンジン室と、
内部にバッテリを搭載したカウンタウェイトエリアを有する建設機械の冷却構造であって、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路と前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路が個別に独立して形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路の吸気口と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の吸気口が、当該建設機械の同じ側面に形成され、
前記エンジン室を冷却するための通風流路の排気口と、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の排気口が、前記吸気口を形成した側面とは反対側の当該建設機械の同じ側面に形成されていることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の冷却風流れ方向下流部に、前記バッテリの冷却風を発生させる送風機を設置したことを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路の冷却風流れ方向中間部分に、前記バッテリの冷却風を発生させる送風機を設置したことを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記カウンタウェイトエリア内に、前記バッテリを冷却するための冷却風の吸気口と排気口とを繋いで、前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を形成する通風ダクトを設け、
その通風ダクト内に前記バッテリを搭載したことを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路内に、前記冷却風の流れを案内するためのガイド手段を設置したことを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路に断熱材を設置したことを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流れ方向に沿って前記バッテリが冷却風流通用の隙間をおいて搭載されていることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記バッテリを冷却するための通風流路を流れる冷却風の流れ方向と直交する方向に沿って前記バッテリが冷却風流通用の隙間をおいて搭載されていることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし11のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記カウンタウェイトエリア内に棚板が複数段設置され、各棚板の上に前記バッテリが固定されて、前記バッテリとその上側の棚板との間に冷却風流通用の隙間が形成されていることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。 - 請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の建設機械の冷却構造において、
前記バッテリが鉛バッテリ、リチウムイオンバッテリ、ニッケル-水素バッテリのグループから選択されたバッテリであることを特徴とする建設機械の冷却構造。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2011149157A (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
KR20120130086A (ko) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2527540A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
CN102725454B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
US8540042B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 |
US20120285757A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
EP2527540B1 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
JP5113198B2 (ja) | 2013-01-09 |
KR101783360B1 (ko) | 2017-09-29 |
EP2527540A4 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
CN102725454A (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
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