WO2010116551A1 - 液晶表示装置、液晶表示装置の製造方法、重合体層形成用組成物、及び、液晶層形成用組成物 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置、液晶表示装置の製造方法、重合体層形成用組成物、及び、液晶層形成用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
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- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133723—Polyimide, polyamide-imide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/308—Heat stability
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/75—Printability
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/202—LCD, i.e. liquid crystal displays
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/027—Polyimide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133397—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods for suppressing after-image or image-sticking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133715—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films by first depositing a monomer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, a method for producing a liquid crystal display device, a composition for forming a polymer layer, and a composition for forming a liquid crystal layer. More specifically, a liquid crystal display device in which a polymer layer is formed on an alignment film, a method for producing a liquid crystal display device including a step of forming a resin film and forming a polymer layer on the alignment film, and formation of the polymer layer
- the present invention relates to a composition for forming a polymer layer suitable for, and a composition for forming a liquid crystal layer suitable for forming a polymer layer.
- a liquid crystal display (LCD: Liquid Crystal Display) is a display device that controls transmission / blocking of light (display on / off) by controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules having birefringence.
- As a technique for aligning liquid crystal molecules there is a means for arranging an alignment film that has been subjected to an alignment process such as a rubbing method or a photo alignment method at a position adjacent to the liquid crystal layer.
- a bank-like protrusion or pixel made of a dielectric material extending in an oblique direction provided on a common electrode without performing an alignment process.
- a method of controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules using a slit or the like parallel to the protrusion provided on the electrode is also a method of controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules using a slit or the like parallel to the protrusion provided on the electrode.
- liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the substrate surface when no voltage is applied.
- the liquid crystal molecules become a voltage. It is tilted and oriented at an appropriate angle.
- a plurality of regions (domains) in which the liquid crystal molecules fall in different directions are formed in one pixel by slits and bank-like projections provided in the pixel electrode. In this manner, by forming a plurality of regions in which liquid crystal molecules are tilted in different directions in one pixel, good display characteristics can be obtained.
- the light transmittance tends to be low in the region where the slits and protrusions are formed. If these arrangements are simplified and the interval between the bank-like projections or the gap between the pixel electrode slits is widened, the light transmittance can be increased. However, if the distance between the bank-like projections or the gap between the slits is very wide, it takes time to propagate the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules, and a voltage necessary for display is applied to the liquid crystal layer. Sometimes the response of liquid crystal molecules becomes very slow.
- PSD Polymer Sustained Alignment
- the PSA layer the polymer layer formed by the PSA technique has a low rigidity between the monomers, and changes to the pretilt angle by backlight irradiation or AC conduction. It is conceivable that a residual DC voltage is generated in the alignment film and the PSA layer due to the fact that impurities tend to occur or impurities adhere to the PSA layer or the resistance of the PSA layer itself is low.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described present situation, and an object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal display device with reduced burn-in.
- the inventors of the present invention have made various studies on means for suppressing changes in the pretilt angle and means for making it difficult to generate a residual DC voltage, and have focused on the material of the polymerizable monomer in the PSA polymerization process. And as in the past, when using a certain material as a polymerizable monomer, it was found that image sticking was likely to occur in the liquid crystal display, and when using a plurality of different materials as the polymerizable monomer, The inventors have found that it is difficult for image sticking to occur in the liquid crystal display, and have conceived that the above-mentioned problems can be solved brilliantly, and have reached the present invention.
- the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, wherein at least one of the pair of substrates includes an alignment film and the alignment film
- the polymer layer is composed of a polymer having two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers as monomer units, and the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers are represented by the following general formula (I): : P 1 -S 1 -A 1- (Z 1 -A 2 ) n -S 2 -P 2 (I) (Wherein P 1 and P 2 represent the same or different acrylate group, methacrylate group, acrylamide group, methacrylamide group, vinyl group, vinyloxy group or epoxy group.
- a 1 and A 2 are 1,4-phenylene.
- Z 1 represents COO, OCO, O, CO, NHCO, CONH or S, or A 1 and A 2 or A 2 and A 2 are directly bonded, and n is 0, 1 or 2.
- S 1 and S 2 are the same or different (CH 2 ) m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6), (CH 2 —CH 2 —O) m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6), or , P 1 and A 1 represents that A 1 and P 2 or A 2 and P 2 are directly bonded.)
- a 3 represents a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, or a phenanthrene group.
- the hydrogen atom of A 3 may be substituted with a halogen group or a methyl group, and S 3 represents (CH 2 ) m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6), (CH 2 —CH 2 —O).
- one of the pair of substrates provided in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is used as an array substrate and the other as a color filter substrate.
- the array substrate includes a plurality of pixel electrodes, whereby the alignment of the liquid crystal is controlled on a pixel-by-pixel basis.
- the color filter substrate is, for example, a color filter composed of R (red), G (green), B (blue), etc. is arranged at a position where it overlaps with the pixel electrode of the array substrate, and the display color is displayed in units of pixels. Be controlled.
- the alignment film refers to a film that aligns adjacent liquid crystal molecules in a certain direction, and includes any film that does not undergo alignment treatment and that that performs alignment treatment.
- An example of the alignment film is a resin film.
- a resin film formed using a general vertical alignment film material or a resin film formed using a general horizontal alignment film material may be used as the alignment film without performing an alignment treatment.
- Examples of the alignment treatment means for performing the alignment treatment include rubbing treatment and photo-alignment treatment.
- the polymer layer is composed of a polymer having two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers as monomer units.
- the polymerizable monomer include a polymerizable monomer that initiates a polymerization reaction (photopolymerization) by light irradiation, a polymerizable monomer that initiates a polymerization reaction (thermal polymerization) by heating, and as a result, the polymer layer It is formed.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably photopolymerization, whereby the polymerization reaction can be easily started at room temperature.
- the polymerization reaction for forming the PSA layer is not particularly limited, and “sequential polymerization” in which the bifunctional monomer gradually increases in molecular weight while creating a new bond, Any of “chain polymerization” in which monomers are successively bonded to the active species generated from the catalyst (initiator) and grow in a chain manner is included. Examples of the sequential polymerization include polycondensation and polyaddition. Examples of the chain polymerization include radical polymerization, ionic polymerization (anionic polymerization, cationic polymerization, etc.) and the like.
- the polymer layer allows the alignment film to be regularly tilted in a fixed direction with respect to adjacent liquid crystal molecules without performing an alignment treatment. For example, when a polymer layer is formed by polymerizing a monomer in a state where the liquid crystal molecules are pretilt-aligned, the polymer layer is in contact with the liquid crystal molecules regardless of whether or not the alignment film is aligned. Thus, it is formed in a form having a structure for pretilt alignment.
- the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers are at least two kinds selected from the group consisting of the polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I) and the monofunctional monomer represented by the general formula (II). Contains monomer. That is, in the present invention, the polymerizable monomer constituting the PSA layer (polymer layer) may be two kinds or more than two kinds, and two kinds of the polymerizable monomers used are those represented by the general formula ( What is necessary is just the compound represented by I) or the said general formula (II). Specifically, as a combination of the two kinds of polymerizable monomers, both are combinations that are polyfunctional monomers represented by the above general formula (I), and both are represented by the above general formula (II).
- the combination which is a monofunctional monomer the combination whose one is a polyfunctional monomer represented by the said general formula (I), and the other is the monofunctional monomer represented by the said general formula (II) are mentioned.
- the combination is a polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I) or the combination is a monofunctional monomer represented by the general formula (II)
- the magnitude of the weight of the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers is not particularly limited.
- the polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I) may have the largest weight
- the monofunctional monomer represented by the general formula (II) may have the largest weight
- Monomers other than the monomers represented by the general formula (I) and the general formula (II) may have the largest weight.
- the configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is not particularly limited by other components as long as such components are essential. A preferred embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described in detail below.
- One of the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers is preferably a polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I). Since the polymer based on the polyfunctional monomer has higher rigidity than the polymer based on the monofunctional monomer, the change in the pretilt angle due to the AC current can be suppressed to be lower than the polymer based on the monofunctional monomer.
- P 1 and P 2 each represent a methacrylate group
- Z 1 represents that A 1 and A 2 , or A 2 and A 2 are directly bonded
- n represents 0 or 1 is preferable.
- a 1 preferably represents a 1,4-phenylene group
- a 2 preferably represents a 1,4-phenylene group
- a 3 preferably represents a phenyl group.
- the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers are preferably only two kinds of polymerizable monomers.
- Both of the two types of polymerizable monomers are preferably polyfunctional monomers represented by the above general formula (I). Since the polymer based on the polyfunctional monomer has higher rigidity than the polymer based on the monofunctional monomer, the change in the pretilt angle due to the AC current can be suppressed to be lower than the polymer based on the monofunctional monomer.
- Both of the two types of polymerizable monomers are polyfunctional monomers represented by the above general formula (I), P 1 and P 2 both represent a methacrylate group, and Z 1 represents A 1 and A 2 , or A 2 and A 2 are directly bonded, and n is preferably 0 or 1.
- One of the two types of polymerizable monomers is a polymerizable monomer having A 1 of 1,4-phenylene group, and the polymerizable monomer of A 1 having a 1,4-phenylene group is the other polymerizable monomer. It is preferable that the weight ratio is larger than that.
- Each of the pair of substrates has an electrode, and the polymer layer is preferably formed by a polymerization reaction in a state where a voltage higher than a threshold is applied to the liquid crystal layer through the electrode. .
- the pretilt alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is further stabilized, and the propagation speed of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage application state is changed, that is, the response speed is improved, and further, the image sticking reduction effect is obtained. be able to.
- the alignment film is preferably made of a material containing polyimide or polyamide. Since polyimide has an imide structure in the main chain, thermal stability can be improved. Polyamide has lower thermal stability than polyimide, but has higher thermal stability than polyvinyl. In addition, it has higher solubility than polyimide, and it is easy to form a film by printing, inkjet, or the like. Furthermore, the synthesis of polyamide can be easily carried out by condensation polymerization.
- the polyimide or polyamide preferably has a side chain containing a photoreactive functional group.
- a photoreactive functional group on the side chain of the polymer constituting the alignment film, an alignment film material having photoalignment can be obtained without greatly changing the structure of the main chain.
- a photo-aligned material it is possible to reduce the possibility of damage to a structure (e.g., TFT) under the alignment film, compared to a material subjected to a contact-type treatment such as rubbing. .
- a 4D-RTN form that defines four different orientation directions within one pixel can be easily obtained. be able to.
- the photoreactive functional group is preferably a cinnamate group, a chalcone group, a tolan group, a coumarin group, or an azobenzene group. These photoreactive functional groups can be formed relatively easily on the side chain of the polymer, and are also excellent in reactivity.
- the polyimide or polyamide is preferably composed of a copolymer including a monomer unit having a side chain containing a photoreactive functional group and a monomer unit having a side chain not containing a photoreactive functional group.
- the alignment film preferably tilts the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer regularly in a direction perpendicular to the resin film surface when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. Since the alignment film has such characteristics, the response speed of a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal molecule having negative dielectric anisotropy such as vertical alignment (VA) mode and MVA mode is increased. be able to.
- VA vertical alignment
- the alignment film preferably tilts liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer regularly in a horizontal direction with respect to the alignment film surface when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. Due to the above-mentioned alignment film having such characteristics, liquid crystal molecules having a positive dielectric anisotropy such as twisted nematic (TN) mode and in-plane switching (IPS) mode can be obtained. The response speed of the type of liquid crystal display device used can be increased.
- TN twisted nematic
- IPS in-plane switching
- the alignment film preferably tilts the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer regularly in an oblique direction with respect to the alignment film surface when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.
- Such an alignment film can be obtained by subjecting a general resin material, vertical alignment film material, or horizontal alignment film material to an alignment process such as a rubbing process or an optical alignment process.
- the PSA layer acts in a direction to increase the alignment regulating force of the alignment film, leading to a reduction in image sticking.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of pixels, and a region of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to one pixel among the plurality of pixels is divided into a plurality of regions having different alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules. It is preferable. By forming multiple regions in the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in one pixel region, the same appearance can be ensured even when viewing the display screen from different angles, and the viewing angle Improved characteristics.
- Such alignment dividing means include a method of forming a linear bank-shaped protrusion made of a dielectric on the electrode, a linear slit formed in the electrode, and the like when forming a photo-alignment film. Examples include a means for adjusting the light irradiation angle to change the orientation of the pretilt angle of the alignment film.
- the plurality of regions are preferably four regions. By dividing into four, the viewing angle characteristics are improved in a balanced manner even when the viewing angle is tilted in any of the upward, downward, left and right directions with respect to the normal direction of the display screen.
- the present invention is also a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, wherein the manufacturing method includes an alignment film on at least one of the pair of substrates. And a step of forming a polymer layer by polymerization reaction of two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers on the alignment film, and at least two kinds of polymerization among the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers
- a liquid crystal display device comprising at least two monomers selected from the group consisting of a polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I) and a monofunctional monomer represented by the general formula (II) It is also a manufacturing method.
- one of the at least two kinds of polymerizable monomers is preferably a polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I).
- P 1 and P 2 each represent a methacrylate group
- Z 1 represents that A 1 and A 2 , or A 2 and A 2 are directly bonded
- n represents 0
- a 1 is preferably 1,4-phenylene group
- a 2 is preferably 1,4-phenylene group
- a 3 is phenyl group.
- the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers are preferably only two kinds of polymerizable monomers, and any one of the two kinds of polymerizable monomers may be represented by the general formula (I).
- any of the polymerizable monomers of the only two types is a polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I), the P 1 and P 2 are both represent a methacrylate group, said Z 1 is , A 1 and A 2 , or A 2 and A 2 are directly bonded, n is preferably 0 or 1, and one of the two types of polymerizable monomers is A 1 is a polymerizable monomer having a 1,4-phenylene group, and the polymerizable monomer having A 1 having a 1,4-phenylene group preferably has a larger weight ratio than the other polymerizable monomer.
- the alignment film is preferably made of a material containing polyimide or polyamide, and the polyimide or polyamide preferably has a side chain containing a photoreactive functional group
- the photoreactive functional group is preferably a cinnamate group, a chalcone group, a tolan group, a coumarin group or an azobenzene group
- the polyimide or polyamide has a monomer unit having a side chain containing a photoreactive functional group
- the alignment film is composed of a copolymer containing a monomer unit having a side chain that does not contain a reactive functional group, and the alignment film contains liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.
- the alignment film is preferably tilted regularly in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the alignment film.
- the alignment film has a liquid crystal content in the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.
- the alignment film is preferably tilted regularly in a horizontal direction with respect to the alignment film surface.
- the alignment film causes the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to move with respect to the alignment film surface when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. It is preferable to incline regularly in an oblique direction.
- the production method preferably includes a step of dissolving two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers in the liquid crystal material before the step of forming the polymer layer. By adding the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers to the liquid crystal material, the polymer layer can be efficiently formed.
- the step of forming the polymer layer in the above production method is preferably a step of forming a polymer layer by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer with a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer in a voltage higher than a threshold value.
- the step of forming the alignment film in the manufacturing method preferably includes a step of performing an alignment treatment by irradiating light.
- the step of performing the alignment treatment by irradiating light the possibility of damage to the structure (for example, TFT) under the alignment film can be reduced as compared with the contact type treatment such as rubbing.
- the orientation imparted by the photo-alignment treatment can be adjusted by the light irradiation angle, intensity, etc., it has excellent manufacturing characteristics of 4D-RTN that defines four different orientation directions within one pixel. Therefore, it is possible to easily obtain a wide viewing angle.
- the liquid crystal display device has a plurality of pixels, and the alignment treatment is performed in a region corresponding to one pixel of the plurality of pixels in the liquid crystal layer in which the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules are mutually aligned.
- the step is preferably a step of dividing into a plurality of different regions, and the plurality of regions are preferably four regions.
- the present invention is also a polymer layer forming composition containing two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers, wherein at least two of the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers are represented by the general formula (I). And a polymer layer forming composition comprising at least two types of monomers selected from the group consisting of a polyfunctional monomer represented by formula (II) and a monofunctional monomer represented by formula (II).
- one of the at least two kinds of polymerizable monomers is a polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I).
- P 1 and P 2 each represent a methacrylate group
- Z 1 represents that A 1 and A 2 or A 2 and A 2 are directly bonded
- N is preferably 0 or 1
- a 1 is preferably a 1,4-phenylene group
- a 2 is preferably a 1,4-phenylene group
- a 3 is It preferably represents a phenyl group
- the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers are preferably only two kinds of polymerizable monomers, and any one of the two kinds of polymerizable monomers can be represented by the general formula (I).
- any of the polymerizable monomers of the only two types is a polyfunctional monomer represented by the general formula (I)
- the P 1 and P 2 are both represent a methacrylate group
- said Z 1 represents that A 1 and A 2 , or A 2 and A 2 are directly bonded
- n is preferably 0 or 1
- the above two types of polymerizable monomers one is a polymerizable monomer a 1 is 1,4-phenylene group, a polymerizable monomer of the a 1 is 1,4-phenylene group is preferably larger weight ratio than the other polymerizable monomer .
- the present invention is also a liquid crystal layer forming composition comprising the polymer layer forming composition and a liquid crystal material.
- the polymer layer formed on the alignment film provided in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is composed of a polymer having two or more types of monomers as monomer units, prevention of image sticking based on a change in pretilt angle, and In addition, it is possible to realize both prevention of burn-in due to the DC voltage remaining at a time.
- Embodiment 1 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows before the PSA polymerization step
- FIG. 2 shows after the PSA polymerization step.
- the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment includes an array substrate 10, a color filter substrate 20, and a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates including the array substrate 10 and the color filter substrate 20.
- the array substrate 10 includes a support substrate 11 including an insulating transparent substrate made of glass or the like, and various wirings, pixel electrodes, TFTs, and the like formed on the transparent substrate.
- the color filter substrate 20 includes a support substrate 21 including an insulating transparent substrate made of glass or the like, and a color filter, a black matrix, a common electrode, and the like formed on the transparent substrate.
- the array substrate 10 includes an alignment film 12 on the support substrate 11, and the color filter substrate 20 includes an alignment film 22 on the support substrate 21.
- the alignment films 12 and 22 are films mainly composed of polyimide, polyamide, polyvinyl, polysiloxane, or the like. By performing an alignment process such as a rubbing process or a photo-alignment process on the surfaces of the alignment films 12 and 22, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules can be oriented vertically or horizontally (initially tilted). If the liquid crystal display device is a VA mode, these alignment films 12 and 22 are preferably vertical alignment films.
- the vertical alignment film is an alignment film that gives a pretilt angle of 90 ° to the liquid crystal molecules without being subjected to alignment treatment, and has a side chain longer than a general polymer.
- the PSA layers 13 and 23 are liquid crystal layer forming compositions prepared by adding a polymer layer forming composition containing two or more polymerizable monomers to the liquid crystal material, and the array substrate 10. It can be formed by being injected between the color filter substrate 20 and irradiating the liquid crystal layer 30 with a certain amount of light to photopolymerize the polymerizable monomer.
- the liquid crystal layer 30 when performing the PSA polymerization step, the liquid crystal layer 30 is irradiated with light in a state where a voltage higher than the threshold is applied, so that the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the state where the voltage is applied higher than the threshold. Since the polymer is formed, the formed PSA layer has a structure that functions as an alignment film that defines the initial pretilt angle with respect to the liquid crystal molecules even when the voltage is not applied later.
- the light irradiation may not be performed in a state where a voltage higher than the threshold is applied to the liquid crystal layer 30.
- the PSA layers 13 and 23 formed on the alignment films 12 and 22 have more alignment stability of the alignment film. Acts as a film to enhance. As the alignment regulating force of the alignment films 12 and 22 is improved, the liquid crystal molecules 31 are more uniformly controlled, the change in alignment with time is reduced, and the display is less likely to be burned.
- the alignment films 12 and 22 are subjected to alignment treatment, and light irradiation is performed with a voltage higher than a threshold applied to the liquid crystal layer 30 so that the PSA layers 13 and 23 are formed.
- a combination of the alignment films 12 and 22 and the PSA layers 13 and 23 with higher alignment stability can be obtained.
- the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules may be defined by, for example, a linear slit provided in a pixel electrode included in the support substrate 11 or a common electrode included in the support substrate 12. .
- a linear slit provided in a pixel electrode included in the support substrate 11 or a common electrode included in the support substrate 12.
- the liquid crystal molecules have a uniform alignment toward the linear slit when no voltage is applied.
- a PSA layer that imparts a pretilt angle to liquid crystal molecules can be formed even when a voltage higher than the threshold is not applied.
- a thin linear dielectric protrusion may be provided on the pixel electrode and / or the common electrode, and thereby, the liquid crystal Since molecules have a uniform alignment toward the linear slit when no voltage is applied, the pretilt angle is defined for the liquid crystal molecules even when a voltage higher than the threshold is not applied to the liquid crystal layer 30.
- a PSA layer can be formed.
- the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is performed by both the thin linear slit provided in the pixel electrode or the common electrode and the thin linear dielectric protrusion provided on the pixel electrode or the common electrode. May be defined.
- Embodiment 1 two or more polymerizable monomers are used.
- the two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers are represented by the following general formula (I): P 1 -S 1 -A 1- (Z 1 -A 2 ) n -S 2 -P 2 (I) (Wherein P 1 and P 2 represent the same or different acrylate group, methacrylate group, acrylamide group, methacrylamide group, vinyl group, vinyloxy group or epoxy group.
- a 1 and A 2 are 1,4-phenylene.
- S 1 and S 2 are the same or different (CH 2 ) m ( 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6), (CH 2 —CH 2 —O) m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6), or P 1 and A 1 , A 1 and P 2 or A 2 and P 2 .A 1 and a indicates that there Hydrogen atom of the may be substituted with a halogen group or a methyl group.) Or a polyfunctional monomer represented by the following general formula (II): P 3 -S 3 -A 3 (II) (In the formula, P 3 represents an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an acrylamide group, a methacrylamide group, a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, or an epoxy group.
- P 3 represents an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an acrylamide group, a methacrylamide group, a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, or an epoxy group.
- a 3 represents a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, or a phenanthrene group.
- the hydrogen atom of A 3 may be substituted with a halogen group or a methyl group, and S 3 represents (CH 2 ) m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6), (CH 2 —CH 2 —O).
- Examples of the functional group of A 3 include structures represented by the following general formulas (1-1) to (1-13).
- one polymerizable monomer M T is the cause of sticking caused by changes in the pretilt angle
- the other polymerizable monomers M D is DC voltage alignment film and Each cause of burn-in caused by remaining in the PSA layer is eliminated.
- the weight ratio of the polymerizable monomer M T is preferably larger than the polymerizable monomer M D (M T ⁇ M D ) from the viewpoint of preventing seizure.
- the alignment films 12 and 22 that have been subjected to photo-alignment treatment can reduce, for example, the possibility of damage to the TFT of the support substrate 11. Further, when the orientation division of the pixel is performed, it can be performed more easily than when the rubbing process is used.
- a method of performing a photo-alignment process as the alignment process that is, a method of forming a photo-alignment film will be described in detail.
- a solution in which a photo-alignment film material having a photoreactive functional group is dissolved in a solvent is applied onto a support substrate on which the alignment film is formed by a printing method or the like, pre-baked, further baked, and the solvent component is evaporated.
- the photofunctional group may be either a photobonding type or a photolytic type.
- the compound having a photoreactive functional group include polyamides represented by the following general formula (2) and polyimides represented by the following general formula (3).
- a functional group represented by Z that is, a side chain functional group containing functional groups represented by the following general formulas (6-1) to (6-6) Functions as a photoreactive functional group.
- X represents any one of the following general formulas (4-1) to (4-8)
- Y represents any one of the following general formulas (5-1) to (5-15)
- Z represents (This represents a side chain functional group including any of the following general formulas (6-1) to (6-6), where m represents the number of repeating structures in parentheses and is a positive integer.)
- X represents any one of the following general formulas (4-1) to (4-8)
- Y represents any one of the following general formulas (5-1) to (5-15)
- Z represents (This represents a side chain functional group including any of the following general formulas (6-1) to (6-6), where m represents the number of repeating structures in parentheses and is a positive integer.)
- the photo-alignment film material used in Embodiment 1 may be a copolymer (copolymer) having a side chain having a photoreactive functional group and a side chain not having a photoreactive functional group.
- a copolymer examples include compounds represented by the following general formula (7) or (8).
- X represents any one of the above general formulas (4-1) to (4-8)
- Y represents any one of the above general formulas (5-1) to (5-15)
- Z represents A side chain functional group containing any one of the above general formulas (6-1) to (6-6) is represented
- W represents any one of the following general formulas (9-1) to (9-6)
- m represents Represents the composition fraction of the monomer unit in the copolymer, and is any value between 0 and 1
- n is a positive integer
- E are the same or different from O, CO, COO, OCO, NHCO, CONH, S, two phenylene groups directly bonded to each other, a methylene group, an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and a group consisting of phenylene groups Represents a divalent group selected.
- X represents any one of the above general formulas (4-1) to (4-8)
- Y1 represents any one of the above general formulas (5-1) to (5-15)
- Y2 represents Represents a divalent organic group having an alicyclic skeleton having 4 to 40 carbon atoms
- Z represents a side chain functional group containing any one of the above general formulas (6-1) to (6-6)
- Q represents that O, CO, COO, OCO, NHCO, CONH, S, or a phenylene group and Y2 are directly bonded
- m represents the composition fraction of monomer units in the copolymer, from 0 to 1 N is a positive integer
- examples corresponding to the portion of V include the following general formulas (10-1) to (10-8).
- A is a phenylene group or groups on both sides sandwiching A are directly bonded to each other.
- the photo-alignment film is formed by irradiating a certain amount of, for example, ultraviolet rays, preferably polarized ultraviolet rays, from an oblique direction with respect to the support substrate surface.
- the magnitude of the pretilt angle imparted to the liquid crystal molecules by the photo-alignment film can be adjusted by the light irradiation time, the light irradiation intensity, the type of the photofunctional group, and the like.
- the orientation processing direction is made different between the pair of substrates so as to be orthogonal to each other, and one pixel is divided into four domains (Domain 4D-RTN (Reverse Twisted Nematic) mode).
- Domain 4D-RTN Reverse Twisted Nematic
- the viewing angle is greatly improved.
- 4D-RTN high-precision pretilt control is required, but according to the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 1, a pretilt with excellent stability can be obtained due to the influence of the PSA layer formed on the alignment film. Therefore, even if 4D-RTN is used, sufficient alignment stability can be obtained.
- the array substrate 10, the liquid crystal layer 30, and the color filter substrate 20 are stacked in this order from the back side of the liquid crystal display device toward the observation surface side.
- a polarizing plate is provided on the back side of the support substrate 11 included in the array substrate 10.
- a polarizing plate is also provided on the observation surface side of the support substrate 21 included in the color filter substrate 20.
- a retardation plate may be further arranged for these polarizing plates, and the polarizing plate may be a circularly polarizing plate.
- the liquid crystal display device may be any of a transmission type, a reflection type, and a reflection / transmission type. If it is a transmission type or a reflection / transmission type, the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 1 further includes a backlight. The backlight is arranged on the further back side of the array substrate 10, and is arranged so that light passes through the array substrate 10, the liquid crystal layer 30, and the color filter substrate 20 in this order.
- the array substrate 10 includes a reflection plate for reflecting external light. Further, at least in a region where reflected light is used as a display, the polarizing plate of the color filter substrate 20 needs to be a circularly polarizing plate provided with a so-called ⁇ / 4 retardation plate.
- the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment may be in the form of a color filter-on-array including a color filter on the array substrate 10.
- the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment may be a monochrome display. In that case, the color filter does not need to be arranged.
- the liquid crystal layer 30 is filled with a liquid crystal material having a characteristic of being oriented in a specific direction when a constant voltage is applied.
- the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 is controlled by applying a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold, and the control mode is not particularly limited, such as a TN mode, a VA mode, or an IPS mode.
- the pair of substrates may be an MVA mode including a protrusion made of a dielectric and / or a slit provided in an electrode, thereby realizing a wide viewing angle. .
- the liquid crystal display device disassembles a liquid crystal display device (for example, liquid crystal TV (television), DID (digital information display)), nuclear magnetic resonance analysis (NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), Fourier transform red Analysis of alignment film components and formation of PSA layer in PSA layer by chemical analysis using external spectroscopy (FT-IR: Fourier Transform Spectroscopy), mass spectrometry (MS) Component analysis (polymerizable monomer) components, amount of PSA film forming monomer (polymerizable monomer) contained in the liquid crystal layer, abundance ratio of PSA layer forming monomer (polymerizable monomer) in the PSA layer, etc. Can be confirmed.
- a liquid crystal display device for example, liquid crystal TV (television), DID (digital information display)
- NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- FT-IR Fourier Transform Spectroscopy
- MS mass spectrometry
- Example 1 in which a liquid crystal cell included in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 was actually produced is shown below.
- a pair of support substrates is prepared, and a polyamic acid or polyimide-based solution that is a material for a vertical alignment film and has a photoreactive functional group in the side chain is applied to the surfaces of the pair of support substrates, respectively.
- Pre-baking was performed under conditions, followed by post-baking at 200 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- a photo-alignment treatment was performed by irradiating ultraviolet polarized light having a wavelength near 300 nm at a dose of 100 mJ / cm 2 from a direction oblique to the support substrate surface by 45 °.
- a liquid crystal layer forming composition containing a liquid crystal material was injected.
- the composition for forming a liquid crystal layer used in this example includes a polymerizable monomer M T represented by the following general formula (11) (a monomer for improving pretilt image sticking) and M represented by the following general formula (12). using polymer layer forming composition comprising a D (DC image sticking improved monomer), and the samples having different weight ratio between the polymerizable monomer M T and M D plurality prepared.
- Each sample of this example having a different weight ratio has a weight ratio of the polymerizable monomer M T to the polymerizable monomer M D (M T : M D ) of 9: 1 (sample B1).
- a sample having a ratio of 3: 1 (sample C1), a sample having a ratio of 1: 1 (sample D1), and a sample having a ratio of 1: 3 (sample E1) were prepared.
- each of the pair of supporting substrates into which the composition for forming a liquid crystal layer is interposed is heated and quenched at 130 ° C., and further, black light (300 to 300 to Each of the liquid crystal cells in which the PSA layer was formed on the vertical alignment film was completed by performing a polymerization reaction for 60 minutes by irradiation with ultraviolet rays having a peak wavelength at 350 nm.
- VHR Voltage Holding Ratio
- VHR was measured twice in total: the initial voltage holding ratio and 1000 hours after energization.
- the amount of change in the pretilt angle was calculated by subtracting the magnitude of the pretilt angle before applying the AC voltage from the magnitude of the pretilt angle after applying the AC voltage for 100 hours.
- the residual DC voltage was measured by a flicker elimination method with a DC offset voltage of 1 V and 40 ° C. The results are listed below.
- Table 1 is a table showing the measurement results of VHR (%) before energization using the above samples.
- the value of M T and M D is the value of each weight ratio.
- VHR value 99% or more was obtained in all samples, and it was found that there was no adverse effect of display due to flicker or the like. In addition, even when 1000 hours passed after energization, VHR was 99% or more in all samples, and it was found that there was no problem in reliability.
- Figure 3 shows the degree of change in the pretilt angle ( ⁇ tilt (°)) versus concentration (wt%) of the polymerizable monomer M D.
- concentration of the polymerizable monomer M T (wt%) is calculated from the concentration (wt%) of the polymerizable monomer M D.
- the amount of change in the pretilt angle (°) the concentration of the polymerizable monomer M D increases as becomes the greater.
- Figure 4 shows the magnitude of the residual DC voltage (rDC (V)) versus concentration (wt%) of the polymerizable monomer M D.
- concentration of the polymerizable monomer M T (wt%) is calculated from the concentration (wt%) of the polymerizable monomer M D.
- the residual DC voltage (V) in the concentration range of 0 ⁇ 10 wt% of the polymerizable monomer M D, highest at the 0 wt%, it tends to decrease the greater the concentration but the concentration of the polymerizable monomer M D is in the range of more than 10 wt%, no significant change was observed.
- the sample B1, the sample C1, the sample D1, and the sample E1 have good results in which both the change of the pretilt angle and the residual DC voltage are suppressed, and preferably the sample
- the result was D1, more preferably sample C1, and most preferably sample B1.
- the polymerizable monomer of the only two types are used as the polymerizable monomer
- 2 kinds of the polymerizable monomer M T of the polymerizable monomer 25 wt relative to the weight of two whole polymerizable monomers % Or more, preferably 50 wt% or more with respect to the total weight of the two types of polymerizable monomers, and more preferably 75 wt% or more with respect to the total weight of the two types of polymerizable monomers. It was found that 90 wt% or more of the total weight of the two kinds of polymerizable monomers was more preferable.
- Example 2 in which a liquid crystal cell included in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 was actually produced is shown below.
- Example 2 the same method as in Example 1 was used except that the materials of the polymerizable monomer M T (the monomer for improving pre-tilt image sticking) and the polymerizable monomer M D (the monomer for improving DC image sticking) were different.
- Each sample was prepared.
- Polymerizable monomer M T in Example 2 a compound represented by the following general formula (13), the polymerizable monomer M D is a compound represented by the following general formula (14).
- the weight ratio of the polymerizable monomer M T to the polymerizable monomer M D (M T : M D ) is 9: 1 (sample B2), 3: 1 (Sample C2), 1: 1 (sample D2), and 1: 3 (sample E2).
- VHR As shown in Table 2, the initial VHR of 99% or more was obtained in all samples, and it was found that there was no adverse effect of display due to flicker or the like. In addition, even when 1000 hours passed after energization, VHR was 99% or more in all samples, and it was found that there was no problem in reliability.
- the concentration of the polymerizable monomer M D is at least 10 wt%, a large change was observed.
- Sample B2, Sample C2, Sample D2 and Sample E2 gave good results in which both the change in pretilt angle and the residual DC voltage were suppressed, preferably sample D2.
- the result was preferably sample C2, and most preferably sample B2.
- the polymerizable monomer of the only two types are used as the polymerizable monomer
- 2 kinds of the polymerizable monomer M T of the polymerizable monomer 25 wt relative to the weight of two whole polymerizable monomers % Or more, preferably 50 wt% or more with respect to the total weight of the two types of polymerizable monomers, and more preferably 75 wt% or more with respect to the total weight of the two types of polymerizable monomers. It was found that 90 wt% or more of the total weight of the two kinds of polymerizable monomers was more preferable.
- Example 3 in which a liquid crystal cell included in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 is actually manufactured will be described below.
- Example 3 is the same as Example 1 and Example 2 except that the materials of the polymerizable monomer M T (the monomer for improving the pretilt image sticking) and the polymerizable monomer M D (the monomer for improving the DC image sticking) are different.
- Each sample was prepared using the method.
- Polymerizable monomer M T in Example 3 a compound represented by the following general formula (15), the polymerizable monomer M D is a compound represented by the following general formula (16).
- the weight ratio of the weight ratio between the polymerizable monomer M D polymerizable monomer M T (M T: M D ) is 9: 1 in which one (Sample B3), 3: 1 (Sample C3), 1: 1 (sample D3), and 1: 3 (sample E3).
- a polymerizable monomer M D only Samples (sample F3) using (M T : M D 0: 10) were prepared.
- VHR value 99% or more was obtained in all samples, and it was found that there was no adverse effect of display due to flicker or the like. In addition, even when 1000 hours passed after energization, VHR was 99% or more in all samples, and it was found that there was no problem in reliability.
- the concentration of the polymerizable monomer M D is at least 10 wt%, a large change was observed.
- Sample B3, Sample C3, Sample D3 and Sample E3 give good results in which both the change in the pretilt angle and the residual DC voltage are suppressed.
- the result was preferably sample C3 and most preferably sample B3.
- the polymerizable monomer of the only two types are used as the polymerizable monomer
- 2 kinds of the polymerizable monomer M T of the polymerizable monomer 25 wt relative to the weight of two whole polymerizable monomers % Or more, preferably 50 wt% or more with respect to the total weight of the two types of polymerizable monomers, and more preferably 75 wt% or more with respect to the total weight of the two types of polymerizable monomers. It was found that 90 wt% or more of the total weight of the two kinds of polymerizable monomers was more preferable.
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Abstract
Description
P1-S1-A1-(Z1-A2)n-S2-P2 (I)
(式中、P1及びP2は、同一若しくは異なるアクリレート基、メタクリレート基、アクリルアミド基、メタクリルアミド基、ビニル基、ビニロキシ基又はエポキシ基を表す。A1及びA2は、1,4-フェニレン基、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、アントラセン-2,6-ジイル基又はフェナントレン-2,6-ジイル基を表す。A1及びA2が有する水素原子は、ハロゲン基又はメチル基に置換されていてもよい。Z1は、COO、OCO、O、CO、NHCO、CONH若しくはS、又は、A1とA2若しくはA2とA2とが直接結合していることを表す。nは、0、1又は2である。S1及びS2は、同一若しくは異なる(CH2)m(1≦m≦6)、(CH2-CH2-O)m(1≦m≦6)、又は、P1とA1、A1とP2若しくはA2とP2とが直接結合していることを表す。)
で表される多官能モノマー、及び、下記一般式(II):
P3-S3-A3 (II)
(式中、P3は、アクリレート基、メタクリレート基、アクリルアミド基、メタクリルアミド基、ビニル基、ビニロキシ基又はエポキシ基を表す。A3は、フェニル基、ビフェニル基、ナフタレン基、アントラセン基又はフェナントレン基を表す。A3が有する水素原子は、ハロゲン基又はメチル基に置換されていてもよい。S3は、(CH2)m(1≦m≦6)、(CH2-CH2-O)m(1≦m≦6)、又は、P3とA3とが直接結合していることを表す。)で表される単官能モノマーからなる群より選択される少なくとも2種類のモノマーを含む液晶表示装置である。
図1及び図2は、実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置の断面模式図である。図1はPSA重合工程前を示し、図2はPSA重合工程後を示す。図1及び図2に示すように実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置は、アレイ基板10と、カラーフィルタ基板20と、アレイ基板10及びカラーフィルタ基板20からなる一対の基板間に狭持された液晶層30とを備える。アレイ基板10は、ガラス等を材料とする絶縁性の透明基板と、透明基板上に形成された各種配線、画素電極、TFT等とを備える支持基板11を有する。カラーフィルタ基板20は、ガラス等を材料とする絶縁性の透明基板と、透明基板上に形成されたカラーフィルタ、ブラックマトリクス、共通電極等とを備える支持基板21を有する。
P1-S1-A1-(Z1-A2)n-S2-P2 (I)
(式中、P1及びP2は、同一若しくは異なるアクリレート基、メタクリレート基、アクリルアミド基、メタクリルアミド基、ビニル基、ビニロキシ基又はエポキシ基を表す。A1及びA2は、1,4-フェニレン基、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、アントラセン-2,6-ジイル基又はフェナントレン-2,6-ジイル基を表す。Z1は、COO、OCO、O、CO、NHCO、CONH若しくはS、又は、A1とA2若しくはA2とA2とが直接結合していることを表す。nは、0、1又は2である。S1及びS2は、同一若しくは異なる(CH2)m(1≦m≦6)、(CH2-CH2-O)m(1≦m≦6)、又は、P1とA1、A1とP2若しくはA2とP2とが直接結合していることを表す。A1及びA2が有する水素原子は、ハロゲン基又はメチル基に置換されていてもよい。)
で表される多官能モノマー、又は、下記一般式(II):
P3-S3-A3 (II)
(式中、P3は、アクリレート基、メタクリレート基、アクリルアミド基、メタクリルアミド基、ビニル基、ビニロキシ基又はエポキシ基を表す。A3は、フェニル基、ビフェニル基、ナフタレン基、アントラセン基又はフェナントレン基を表す。A3が有する水素原子は、ハロゲン基又はメチル基に置換されていてもよい。S3は、(CH2)m(1≦m≦6)、(CH2-CH2-O)m(1≦m≦6)、又は、P3とA3とが直接結合していることを表す。)で表される単官能モノマーからなる群より選択される少なくとも2種類のモノマーを含む。
以下に、実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置が備える液晶セルを実際に作製した実施例1を示す。まず、一対の支持基板を用意し、垂直配向膜用の材料であって側鎖に光反応性官能基を有するポリアミック酸又はポリイミド系溶液を一対の支持基板の表面にそれぞれ塗布し、80℃の条件下でプリベークを行い、続いて200℃の条件下で60分間ポストベークを行った。
以下に、実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置が備える液晶セルを実際に作製した実施例2を示す。実施例2においては、重合性モノマーMT(プレチルト焼き付き改善用モノマー)、及び、重合性モノマーMD(DC焼き付き改善用モノマー)の材料が異なること以外は実施例1と同様の方法を用いて各サンプルの作製を行った。実施例2において重合性モノマーMTは、下記一般式(13)で表される化合物であり、重合性モノマーMDは、下記一般式(14)で表される化合物である。
以下に、実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置が備える液晶セルを実際に作製した実施例3を示す。実施例3においては、重合性モノマーMT(プレチルト焼き付き改善用モノマー)、及び、重合性モノマーMD(DC焼き付き改善用モノマー)の材料が異なること以外は実施例1及び実施例2と同様の方法を用いて各サンプルの作製を行った。実施例3において重合性モノマーMTは、下記一般式(15)で表される化合物であり、重合性モノマーMDは、下記一般式(16)で表される化合物である。
11,21:支持基板
12,22:配向膜
13,23:PSA層(重合体層)
20:カラーフィルタ基板
30:液晶層
31:液晶分子
MT:重合性モノマー(プレチルト焼き付き改善用モノマー)
MD:重合性モノマー(DC焼き付き改善用モノマー)
Claims (38)
- 一対の基板と、該一対の基板間に挟持された液晶層とを備える液晶表示装置であって、
該一対の基板の少なくとも一方は、配向膜、及び、該配向膜上に重合体層を有し、
該重合体層は、2種類以上の重合性モノマーをモノマー単位とする重合体で構成されており、
該2種類以上の重合性モノマーは、下記一般式(I):
P1-S1-A1-(Z1-A2)n-S2-P2 (I)
(式中、P1及びP2は、同一若しくは異なるアクリレート基、メタクリレート基、アクリルアミド基、メタクリルアミド基、ビニル基、ビニロキシ基又はエポキシ基を表す。A1及びA2は、1,4-フェニレン基、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、アントラセン-2,6-ジイル基又はフェナントレン-2,6-ジイル基を表す。Z1は、COO、OCO、O、CO、NHCO、CONH若しくはS、又は、A1とA2若しくはA2とA2とが直接結合していることを表す。nは、0、1又は2である。S1及びS2は、同一若しくは異なる(CH2)m(1≦m≦6)、(CH2-CH2-O)m(1≦m≦6)、又は、P1とA1、A1とP2若しくはA2とP2とが直接結合していることを表す。A1及びA2が有する水素原子は、ハロゲン基又はメチル基に置換されていてもよい。)
で表される多官能モノマー、及び、下記一般式(II):
P3-S3-A3 (II)
(式中、P3は、アクリレート基、メタクリレート基、アクリルアミド基、メタクリルアミド基、ビニル基、ビニロキシ基又はエポキシ基を表す。A3は、フェニル基、ビフェニル基、ナフタレン基、アントラセン基又はフェナントレン基を表す。A3が有する水素原子は、ハロゲン基又はメチル基に置換されていてもよい。S3は、(CH2)m(1≦m≦6)、(CH2-CH2-O)m(1≦m≦6)、又は、P3とA3とが直接結合していることを表す。)
で表される単官能モノマーからなる群より選択される少なくとも2種類のモノマーを含む
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 前記2種類以上の重合性モノマーの1つは、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマーであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記P1及びP2は、いずれもメタクリレート基を表し、
前記Z1は、A1とA2、又は、A2とA2とが直接結合していることを表し、
前記nは、0又は1である
ことを特徴とする請求項2記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記A1は、1,4-フェニレン基を表すことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記A2は、1,4-フェニレン基を表すことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記A3は、フェニル基を表すことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記2種類以上の重合性モノマーは、2種類のみの重合性モノマーであることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記2種類のみの重合性モノマーのいずれもが、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマーであることを特徴とする請求項7記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記2種類のみの重合性モノマーのいずれもが、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマーであり、
前記P1及びP2は、いずれもメタクリレート基を表し、
前記Z1は、A1とA2、又は、A2とA2とが直接結合していることを表し、
前記nは、0又は1である
ことを特徴とする請求項7記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記2種類のみの重合性モノマーの一方は、A1が1,4-フェニレン基の重合性モノマーであり、
該A1が1,4-フェニレン基の重合性モノマーは、もう一方の重合性モノマーよりも重量比が大きい
ことを特徴とする請求項8又は9記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記一対の基板は、いずれも電極を有し、
該重合体層は、該電極を通じて液晶層に対して閾値以上の電圧が印加された状態での重合反応で形成されたものである
ことを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記配向膜は、ポリイミドを含む材料で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリイミドは、光反応性官能基を含む側鎖を有することを特徴とする請求項12記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記配向膜は、ポリアミドを含む材料で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリアミドは、光反応性官能基を含む側鎖を有することを特徴とする請求項14記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記光反応性官能基は、シンナメート基、カルコン基、トラン基、クマリン基又はアゾベンゼン基であることを特徴とする請求項13又は15記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリイミドは、光反応性官能基を含む側鎖を有するモノマー単位と、光反応性官能基を含まない側鎖を有するモノマー単位とを含む共重合体で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項12、13又は16のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記ポリアミドは、光反応性官能基を含む側鎖を有するモノマー単位と、光反応性官能基を含まない側鎖を有するモノマー単位とを含む共重合体で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項14~16のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記配向膜は、液晶層に対して電圧無印加時に、液晶層内の液晶分子を、配向膜表面に対して垂直の方向に規則的に傾かせることを特徴とする請求項1~18のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記配向膜は、液晶層に対して電圧無印加時に、液晶層内の液晶分子を、配向膜表面に対して水平の方向に規則的に傾かせることを特徴とする請求項1~18のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記配向膜は、液晶層に対して電圧無印加時に、液晶層内の液晶分子を、配向膜表面に対して斜めの方向に規則的に傾かせることを特徴とする請求項1~18のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶表示装置は、複数の画素を有しており、
該液晶層の、複数の画素のうち一つ当たりの画素と対応する領域は、液晶分子の配向方向が互いに異なる複数の領域に分割されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1~21のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記複数の領域は、4つの領域であることを特徴とする請求項22記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一対の基板と、該一対の基板間に挟持された液晶層とを備える液晶表示装置の製造方法であって、
該製造方法は、該一対の基板の少なくとも一方に、配向膜を形成する工程と、
該配向膜上に、2種類以上の重合性モノマーの重合反応で重合体層を形成する工程とを有し、
該2種類以上の重合性モノマーのうち少なくとも2種類の重合性モノマーは、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマー、及び、前記一般式(II)で表される単官能モノマーからなる群より選択される少なくとも2種類のモノマーを含む
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 前記製造方法は、重合体層を形成する工程の前に、2種類以上の重合性モノマーを液晶材料に溶解させる工程を有することを特徴とする請求項24記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 前記重合体層を形成する工程は、液晶層に対して閾値以上の電圧印加状態で重合性モノマーを重合させて重合体層を形成する工程であることを特徴とする請求項24又は25記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 前記配向膜を形成する工程は、光照射を行って配向処理を行う工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項24~26のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 2種類以上の重合性モノマーを含む重合体層形成用組成物であって、
該2種類以上の重合性モノマーのうち少なくとも2種類の重合性モノマーは、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマー、及び、前記一般式(II)で表される単官能モノマーからなる群より選択される少なくとも2種類のモノマーを含む
ことを特徴とする重合体層形成用組成物。 - 前記少なくとも2種類の重合性モノマーの1つは、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマーであることを特徴とする請求項28記載の重合体層形成用組成物。
- 前記P1及びP2は、いずれもメタクリレート基を表し、
前記Z1は、A1とA2、又は、A2とA2とが直接結合していることを表し、
前記nは、0又は1である
ことを特徴とする請求項28又は29記載の重合体層形成用組成物。 - 前記A1は、1,4-フェニレン基を表すことを特徴とする請求項28~30のいずれかに記載の重合体層形成用組成物。
- 前記A2は、1,4-フェニレン基を表すことを特徴とする請求項28~31のいずれかに記載の重合体層形成用組成物。
- 前記A3は、フェニル基を表すことを特徴とする請求項28~32のいずれかに記載の重合体層形成用組成物。
- 前記2種類以上の重合性モノマーは、2種類のみの重合性モノマーであることを特徴とする請求項28~33のいずれかに記載の重合体層形成用組成物。
- 前記2種類のみの重合性モノマーのいずれもが、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマーであることを特徴とする請求項34記載の重合体層形成用組成物。
- 前記2種類のみの重合性モノマーのいずれもが、前記一般式(I)で表される多官能モノマーであり、
前記P1及びP2は、いずれもメタクリレート基を表し、
前記Z1は、A1とA2、又は、A2とA2とが直接結合していることを表し、
前記nは、0又は1である
ことを特徴とする請求項34記載の重合体層形成用組成物。 - 前記2種類のみの重合性モノマーの一方は、A1が1,4-フェニレン基の重合性モノマーであり、
該A1が1,4-フェニレン基の重合性モノマーの重量比は、もう一方の重合性モノマーよりも大きい
ことを特徴とする請求項35又は36記載の重合体層形成用組成物。 - 請求項28~37のいずれかに記載の重合体層形成用組成物と、液晶材料とを含むことを特徴とする液晶層形成用組成物。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2011143816A (ru) | 2013-05-10 |
CN102356350B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
JPWO2010116551A1 (ja) | 2012-10-18 |
EP2416211A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
CN102356350A (zh) | 2012-02-15 |
JP5237439B2 (ja) | 2013-07-17 |
EP2416211A4 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
BRPI0924829A2 (pt) | 2016-01-26 |
US20120008079A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
EP2416211B1 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
US8647724B2 (en) | 2014-02-11 |
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