WO2010081306A1 - 键槽加工用组合刀具 - Google Patents

键槽加工用组合刀具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010081306A1
WO2010081306A1 PCT/CN2009/070778 CN2009070778W WO2010081306A1 WO 2010081306 A1 WO2010081306 A1 WO 2010081306A1 CN 2009070778 W CN2009070778 W CN 2009070778W WO 2010081306 A1 WO2010081306 A1 WO 2010081306A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pusher
groove
pushing
broach
blade
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PCT/CN2009/070778
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
乐为民
金江波
Original Assignee
许晓华
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Publication date
Application filed by 许晓华 filed Critical 许晓华
Publication of WO2010081306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010081306A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D43/00—Broaching tools
    • B23D43/02—Broaching tools for cutting by rectilinear movement
    • B23D43/04—Broaching tools for cutting by rectilinear movement having inserted cutting edges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pusher for keyway processing, and belongs to the technical field of a keyway processing apparatus.
  • a special device for machining a keyhole of a gear (patent number: CN 200620200946.3), which comprises a press bed and a pressure ram, a support base on the workbench of the press, a workpiece on the support base, and a workpiece and a pressure ejector There is a combination tool, and the combination tool is connected by a push knife and a knife sleeve through a locking screw.
  • the distance between the blade edge of the combined tool for processing the key groove and the axis of the tool sleeve is equal, and the cutting depth of each blade edge is the same.
  • the lowermost blade edge receives the cutting resistance from the workpiece.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a combined tool for keyway processing which is uniform in cutting process, stable in down-down, uniform in wear of each blade, low in use cost and long in service life, and solves the problem of the prior art in combination tool
  • the cutting resistance received during the processing of the keyway is constantly changing, which causes the combined tool to be unstable downward.
  • the lower blade wears faster, and the above technique In the solution, all the cutting edges are located on the same pusher. Once some of the cutting edges are worn, the whole pusher will be scrapped.
  • the above technical object of the present invention is mainly solved by the following technical solution: it comprises a cylindrical cutter bar, the cutter bar is provided with an axially extending groove, and the bottom surface of the groove is parallel to the axis of the cutter bar, on the cutter bar a plurality of horizontally arranged pusher positioning holes are arranged from top to bottom, the axis of the pusher positioning hole is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the groove, and the pusher positioning hole extends from the bottom surface of the groove to the surface of the cutter bar, the concave
  • the groove is provided with a pressing block connected with the arbor by a screw, and the pressing block is formed with a positioning side closely fitting with the bottom surface of the groove, and each pushing knife positioning hole is closely matched with a pushing knife, and each pushing knife is arranged
  • the rear end is attached to the positioning side of the pressing block, and the edge of each pushing knife protrudes from the surface of the arbor, and the distance from the lowermost pushing knife to the uppermost pushing blade is gradually increased from the positioning side of
  • the invention adopts a plurality of independent push knives mounted on the arbor, thereby avoiding the damage of one blade and causing the entire set of push knives to be scrapped. If a pusher blade is damaged, only the corresponding push knives can be replaced. Therefore, the use cost is reduced, and the utility model is relatively economical. At the same time, the invention only needs to ensure the accuracy of the cutting depth of the uppermost one or the upper push knife, thereby ensuring the precision of the key groove processing, and cutting the other push cutters.
  • each push knife is Cutting a part of the keyway, so that the cutting resistance of each pusher is more uniform, which ensures that the whole combination tool is stable during the downward process, and the wear of each pusher blade is relatively uniform, and the service life of the whole combined tool is longer.
  • the distance between the uppermost pusher of the pusher in the pusher positioning hole and the positioning side of the press block and the distance of the lower pusher of the pusher adjacent to the uppermost pusher are located. Equal, that is, the distance between the two pusher blades near the upper end of the arbor is equal to the distance from the side of the locating block, so that the machining accuracy of the keyway is better ensured by the two uppermost two cutting edges.
  • the distance between the blade edge of the pusher blade and the side surface of the press block is gradually increased from the lowermost pusher blade to the uppermost pusher blade, so that the cutting resistance received by each pusher blade is equal, further The stability of the down motion of the present invention is improved.
  • the lower end of the shank is formed with a tapered positioning section having a small upper end and a large upper end. Wherein, the tapered positioning section at the lower end of the cutter bar can cooperate with the inner hole of the key groove to be processed, and functions as an automatic centering.
  • the cutter bar is respectively formed with a chip flute corresponding to a position on a lower side of each pusher blade, and the chip flute has a circular arc shape in cross section.
  • the flutes are arranged on the lower side of each pusher to facilitate the discharge of the chips, and prevent the scraping of the chips from causing scratches on the surface of the key groove; in addition, the structure of the flutes with the arc-shaped cross-section can further prevent the chips from being chipped.
  • the accumulation in the cutting groove facilitates the cutting of the chips from the inside of the chip flute.
  • the surface of the compact is flush with the surface of the shank, and a counterbore for mounting a screw is formed on the compact.
  • the present invention has the characteristics of uniform cutting resistance, stable downward, uniform wear of each blade, low use cost, and long service life.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an axial cross-sectional assembly structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a view taken along the line A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the B direction of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the tool holder of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a key groove machined by the combination tool of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 4, the cylindrical shank 1 is provided with an axially extending groove 2, a groove 2 The bottom surface 3 is parallel to the axis CC of the shank 1, and the shank 1 is provided with nine horizontally spaced urging positioning holes 4 from top to bottom, and the axis of the reaping hole 4 and the bottom surface 3 of the groove 2 Vertically, the pusher positioning hole 4 extends from the bottom surface 3 of the recess 2 to the surface of the cutter bar 1 with respect to the bottom surface of the recess, and the lower end of the cutter bar 1 is formed with a tapered positioning section 9 having a small upper end and a large upper end.
  • the groove 2 is provided with a pressing block 6 connected to the shank 1 by a screw 5, and the pressing block 6 is formed with a positioning side closely fitting with the bottom surface 3 of the groove 2. 7.
  • the surface of the compact 6 is flush with the surface of the shank 1, and a counterbore for mounting screws is formed on the compact 6.
  • Each of the pusher positioning holes 4 is closely fitted with a pusher blade 8 respectively, and the rear end of each pusher blade 8 is fitted to the positioning side face 7 of the press block 6, and the blade edge of each pusher blade 8 protrudes from the surface of the cutter bar 1.
  • the distance from the lowermost pusher knife to the uppermost pusher blade 8 and the press block positioning side 7 gradually increase in equal width, and the distance between the lowermost pusher blade 8 and the press block positioning side 7 is L1, the distance from the upper pusher blade and the clamp positioning side 7 in turn is L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L8, L9, wherein L1 to L8 increase by 0.5mm in turn, the uppermost pusher
  • the distance between the side of the pressing block and the lower side of the pushing knife adjacent to the uppermost pushing knife is equal to the distance of the positioning side of the pressing block, that is, L8 is equal to L9.
  • the cutter bar 1 is formed with a chip flute 10 corresponding to a position on the lower side of each pusher blade 8, and the chip flute 10 has a circular arc shape in cross section.
  • a plurality of independent push knives are mounted on the arbor to prevent a blade from being damaged and the entire set of push knives is scrapped. If a pusher blade is damaged, only the corresponding push knives can be replaced, thereby reducing the number of push knives.
  • the use cost is relatively economical.
  • the present invention only needs to ensure the accuracy of the cutting depth of the uppermost one or the upper push knife, thereby ensuring the precision of the keyway processing and the accuracy of the cutting depth of other pushers. The requirement is lower, so even if other pusher blades are worn more seriously, the combined tool of the invention can still be used continuously; in addition, the utility gradually steps out the keyway by the push-up knife from top to bottom, that is, each push cutter is partially processed.
  • each of the push knives receives a relatively uniform cutting resistance, which ensures that the entire combined tool is relatively stable during the downward process, and at the same time, the wear of each pusher blade is relatively uniform, and the service life of the entire combined tool is long.
  • the tapered positioning section of the lower end of the cutter bar is first inserted into the circular inner hole 12 of the workpiece 11 during processing, and the press acts on the upper end of the cutter bar to pass the entire combined tool through the workpiece 11
  • the inner hole, the pusher on the arbor can gradually process the required keyway 13 in the inner hole 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Description

键槽加工用组合刀具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种键槽加工用推刀， 属于键槽加工设备的技术领域。
技术背景
一种齿轮内孔键槽加工专用装置（专利号： CN 200620200946.3 )， 它包 括压床及压力顶杆， 在压床工作台上有支撑座， 在支撑座上有工件， 在工件 和压力顶杆之间有组合刀具，组合刀具由推刀、刀套通过锁定螺钉连接而成。 上述技术方案中用于加工键槽的组合刀具的推刀刀刃与刀套轴线之间的距 离均相等， 每个刀刃的切削深度相同， 在加工过程中， 最下侧的刀刃受到来 自工件的切削阻力将会很大，而较为上侧的刀刃受到来自工件的切削阻力较 小， 整个组合刀具在加工键槽的过程中受到的切削阻力处于不断的变化中， 从而造成了组合刀具下行不稳定， 同时， 由于起切削作用的始终为下侧的刀 刃， 故下侧的刀刃磨损较快， 而上述技术方案中为所有的刀刃均位于同一推 刀上，一旦部分刀刃磨损将导致整个推刀的报废， 这种磨损在金属材料上加 工键槽将体现得更为明显。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种切削过程中受到的切削阻力均匀， 下行稳定， 各刀刃磨损均匀， 使用成本较低， 使用寿命较长的键槽加工用组合刀具， 解 决了现有技术存在的组合刀具在加工键槽的过程中受到的切削阻力处于不 断的变化中， 从而造成了组合刀具下行不稳定， 同时， 由于起切削作用的始 终为下侧的刀刃， 故下侧的刀刃磨损较快， 而上述技术方案中为所有的刀刃 均位于同一推刀上， 一旦部分刀刃磨损将导致整个推刀的报废等问题。 本发明的上述技术目的主要是通过以下技术方案解决的：它包括圆柱形 刀杆， 所述刀杆上设有轴向延伸的凹槽， 凹槽的底面与刀杆的轴线平行， 刀 杆上自上而下设有若干个间隔分布的水平方向的推刀定位孔，所述推刀定位 孔的轴线与凹槽的底面垂直， 推刀定位孔自凹槽的底面延伸至刀杆表面，所 述凹槽内设置有与刀杆通过螺钉连接的压块，压块形成有一个与凹槽的底面 紧密贴合的定位侧面， 每个推刀定位孔内分别紧配有推刀，每个推刀的后端 与压块的定位侧面贴合， 每个推刀的刀刃凸出于刀杆的表面，从最下侧的推 刀到最上侧的推刀的刀刃与压块定位侧面的距离逐渐增大。本发明采用在刀 杆上安装多个相互独立的推刀，从而可避免一个刀刃损坏而导致整组推刀报 废的情况，若某一推刀刀刃损坏则只需更换相应的推刀即可，从而降低了使 用成本， 较为经济， 同时， 本发明只需较好地保证最上侧的一个或上侧的推 刀的切削深度的精度， 即可保证键槽加工的精度， 而对其它推刀的切削深度 的精度要求较低， 故即使其它推刀刀刃磨损较为严重， 本发明组合刀具也仍 然可以继续使用； 另外， 本实用通过自上而下的推刀逐步加工出键槽， 即每 个推刀均切削加工一部分键槽， 从而每个推刀受到的切削阻力较为均匀， 即 保证了整个组合刀具下行的过程中较为稳定， 同时，各推刀刀刃的磨损也较 为均匀， 整个组合刀具的使用寿命较长。
作为优选，所述紧配在推刀定位孔内的推刀中最上侧的推刀跟压块定位 侧面的距离和与最上侧的推刀相邻的下方的推刀跟压块定位侧面的距离相 等， 即靠近刀杆上端的两个推刀刀刃距离压块定位侧面的距离相等，从而通 过两个最上侧的两个刀刃更好地保证了键槽的加工精度。
作为优选，所述推刀的刀刃与压块定位侧面的距离从最下侧的推刀到最 上侧的推刀呈等幅度逐渐增大， 从而使每个推刀受到的切削阻力均相等，进 一步提高了本发明下行运动的稳定性。 作为优选， 所述刀杆的下端形成有下端小上端大的锥形定位段。 其中， 刀杆下端的锥形定位段可与待加工键槽的内孔配合， 起到自动定心的作用。
作为优选，所述刀杆对应于每个推刀下侧的位置分别形成有排屑槽，所 述排屑槽截面呈圆弧形。其中，在每个推刀下侧设置排屑槽可利于切削屑的 排出， 防止切削屑推堆积造成键槽表面的划伤； 另外， 排屑槽采用弧形截面 的结构则可进一步防止切削屑在切削槽内的积聚，利于切削屑从排屑槽内向 下滑出。
作为优选，所述压块表面与刀杆表面齐平，在压块上形成有安装螺钉的 沉孔。
因此， 本发明具有切削过程中受到的切削阻力均匀， 下行稳定， 各刀刃 磨损均匀， 使用成本较低， 使用寿命较长等特点。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的一种轴向剖视装配结构示意图；
图 2是图 1的 A向视图；
图 3是图 1的 B向放大视图；
图 4是本发明刀杆的轴向剖视示意图；
图 5是采用本发明组合刀具加工出的键槽的一种结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例， 并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说 明。
实施例 1 : 如图 4所示， 圆柱形刀杆 1设有轴向延伸的凹槽 2， 凹槽 2 的底面 3与刀杆 1的轴线 C-C平行， 刀杆 1上自上而下设有九个间隔分布 的水平方向的推刀定位孔 4， 推刀定位孔 4的轴线与凹槽 2的底面 3垂直， 推刀定位孔 4自凹槽 2的底面 3延伸至刀杆 1相对于凹槽底面的表面，刀杆 1的下端形成有下端小上端大的锥形定位段 9。
如图 1、 图 2和图 3所示， 凹槽 2内设置有与刀杆 1通过螺钉 5连接的 压块 6， 压块 6形成有一个与凹槽 2的底面 3紧密贴合的定位侧面 7， 压块 6表面与刀杆 1的表面齐平， 在压块 6上形成有安装螺钉的沉孔。 每个推刀 定位孔 4内分别紧配有推刀 8， 每个推刀 8的后端与压块 6的定位侧面 7贴 合，每个推刀 8的刀刃凸出于刀杆 1的表面，从最下侧的推刀到最上侧的推 刀 8 的刀刃与压块定位侧面 7之间的距离逐渐等幅增大， 最下侧的推刀 8 的刀刃与压块定位侧面 7距离为 L1 , 依次自上的推刀刀刃与压块定位侧面 7的距离依次为 L2, L3, L4、 L5 , L6, 、 L8, L9, 其中 L1至 L8依次 增大 0.5mm，最上侧的推刀跟压块定位侧面的距离和与最上侧的推刀相邻的 下方的推刀跟压块定位侧面的距离相等， 即 L8与 L9相等。 刀杆 1对应于 每个推刀 8下侧的位置分别形成有排屑槽 10， 排屑槽 10的截面呈圆弧形。
在刀杆上安装多个相互独立的推刀，从而可避免一个刀刃损坏而导致整 组推刀报废的情况，若某一推刀刀刃损坏则只需更换相应的推刀即可， 从而 降低了使用成本， 较为经济， 同时， 本发明只需较好地保证最上侧的一个或 上侧的推刀的切削深度的精度， 即可保证键槽加工的精度，而对其它推刀的 切削深度的精度要求较低， 故即使其它推刀刀刃磨损较为严重， 本发明组合 刀具也仍然可以继续使用； 另外， 本实用通过自上而下的推刀逐步加工出键 槽， 即每个推刀均切削加工一部分键槽， 从而每个推刀受到的切削阻力较为 均匀， 即保证了整个组合刀具下行的过程中较为稳定， 同时， 各推刀刀刃的 磨损也较为均匀， 整个组合刀具的使用寿命较长。 如图 5所示， 加工时将刀杆下端的锥形定位段先***到工件 11的圆形 内孔 12中， 压机作用在刀杆作用在刀杆的上端将整个组合刀具穿过工件 11 的内孔， 刀杆上的推刀即可逐步在内孔 12内加工出符合要求的键槽 13。

Claims

权利 要 求 书
1、 一种键槽加工用组合刀具， 包括圆柱形刀杆， 其特征在于所述刀杆 上设有轴向延伸的凹槽， 凹槽的底面与刀杆的轴线平行， 刀杆上自上而下设 有若干个间隔分布的水平方向的推刀定位孔，所述推刀定位孔的轴线与凹槽 的底面垂直，推刀定位孔自凹槽的底面延伸至刀杆表面，所述凹槽内设置有 与刀杆通过螺钉连接的压块，压块形成有一个与凹槽的底面紧密贴合的定位 侧面， 每个推刀定位孔内分别紧配有推刀， 每个推刀的后端与压块的定位侧 面贴合， 每个推刀的刀刃凸出于刀杆的表面， 从最下侧的推刀到最上侧的推 刀的刀刃与压块定位侧面的距离逐渐增大。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的键槽加工用组合刀具， 其特征在于所述紧配 在推刀定位孔内的推刀中最上侧的推刀跟压块定位侧面的距离和与最上侧 的推刀相邻的下方的推刀跟压块定位侧面的距离相等。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的键槽加工用组合刀具， 其特征在于所述 推刀的刀刃与压块定位侧面的距离从最下侧的推刀到最上侧的推刀呈等幅 度逐渐增大。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的键槽加工用组合刀具， 其特征在于所述 刀杆的下端形成有下端小上端大的锥形定位段。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的键槽加工用组合刀具， 其特征在于所述 刀杆对应于每个推刀下侧的位置分别形成有排屑槽，所述排屑槽截面呈圆弧 形。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的键槽加工用组合刀具， 其特征在于所述 压块表面与刀杆表面齐平， 在压块上形成有安装螺钉的沉孔。
PCT/CN2009/070778 2009-01-15 2009-03-13 键槽加工用组合刀具 WO2010081306A1 (zh)

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