WO2008018478A1 - Structure de jonction de dispositif - Google Patents
Structure de jonction de dispositif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008018478A1 WO2008018478A1 PCT/JP2007/065477 JP2007065477W WO2008018478A1 WO 2008018478 A1 WO2008018478 A1 WO 2008018478A1 JP 2007065477 W JP2007065477 W JP 2007065477W WO 2008018478 A1 WO2008018478 A1 WO 2008018478A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor layer
- nitrogen
- layer
- forming
- based alloy
- Prior art date
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 36
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 5
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011470 Adenanthera pavonina Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001606 Adenanthera pavonina Species 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018507 Al—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018518 Al—Ni—La Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930091051 Arenine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018106 Ni—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/45—Ohmic electrodes
- H01L29/456—Ohmic electrodes on silicon
- H01L29/458—Ohmic electrodes on silicon for thin film silicon, e.g. source or drain electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/2855—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by physical means, e.g. sputtering, evaporation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/28556—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78606—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device
- H01L29/78618—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device characterised by the drain or the source properties, e.g. the doping structure, the composition, the sectional shape or the contact structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bonding structure of elements constituting a display device such as a liquid crystal display, and more particularly to a manufacturing technology of an element using an A1 based alloy as a wiring circuit material.
- A1 aluminum (which may be simply referred to as A1 hereinafter) -based alloy is widely used as a constituent material for a display device such as a flat-screen television represented by a liquid crystal display.
- A1 alloy wiring material has a characteristic that the wiring processing can be easily performed to lower the specific resistance value.
- a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as TFT) as a switching element is an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide).
- the element is constituted of a transparent electrode (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a transparent electrode layer) and a wiring circuit (hereinafter referred to as an A1 series alloy layer) formed of an A1 series alloy.
- a transparent electrode hereinafter sometimes referred to as a transparent electrode layer
- a wiring circuit hereinafter referred to as an A1 series alloy layer formed of an A1 series alloy.
- molybdenum (Mo) or titanium between the A1 based alloy layer and the transparent electrode layer
- a refractory metal material such as Ti
- the semiconductor layer and the A1 alloy layer can be prevented from interdiffusion of A1 and Si due to the thermal process in the manufacturing process.
- a refractory metal material such as molybdenum (Mo) or titanium (Ti), which is the same as the cap layer described above, is interposed between them.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an a-Si type TFT related to a liquid crystal display.
- the A1 alloy wiring material constituting the gate electrode portion G is used on the glass substrate 1.
- An electrode wiring circuit layer 2 and a cap layer 3 made of Mo, Mo--W or the like are formed on the glass substrate 1.
- the gate electrode portion G is provided with a gate insulating film 4 of SiNx as its protection. Further, on the gate insulating film 4, the a-Si semiconductor layer 5, the channel protective film layer 6, the n + -Si semiconductor layer 7, the cap layer 3, the electrode wiring circuit layer 2 and the cap layer 3 are sequentially deposited.
- the drain electrode portion D and the source electrode portion S are provided by appropriately forming a pattern.
- the drain electrode portion D and the source electrode portion S are covered with an insulating film 4 ′ for surface planarization of the element or SiNx.
- a contact hole CH is provided in the insulating layer 4 ′, and a transparent electrode layer 7 ′ of ITO or IZO is formed in that portion.
- the cap layer 3 is interposed between the layer 2 and the layer 2.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-273109
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-123576
- Patent Document 1 since the resistance of the nitrided part of the A1 based alloy is high, when the semiconductor layer and the A1 based alloy layer are directly joined, the atomic property tends not to be satisfied. Become. Further, as in Patent Document 2, when the entire wiring layer of the A1 alloy is nitrided, the resistance value of the wiring layer itself becomes too large, and satisfactory device characteristics can not be satisfied.
- the present invention has been made against the background described above, and in the case where a semiconductor layer such as n + -Si and an A1 alloy layer are directly bonded, mutual diffusion of A1 and Si is prevented. Yes, The present invention provides a junction structure of a device capable of maintaining the same characteristics and securing the low resistance characteristics of the A1 based alloy layer itself. More specifically, even if a thermal history of 250 ° C. or more is applied, the interfacial reaction of the interface directly bonded between the semiconductor layer and the A1 based alloy layer is suppressed, and the ceramic characteristics are maintained. The purpose is to provide a bonding technology for devices that can reduce the resistance to 10 ⁇ 'cm or less.
- the inventors of the present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems, have studied Si forming a semiconductor layer to realize direct bonding between the semiconductor layer and the A1 based alloy layer. It has been found that good direct bonding can be realized when it is contained.
- the semiconductor layer directly joined to the A1 based alloy layer contains nitrogen. It is assumed to be contained Si.
- the nitrogen content of Si which forms the semiconductor layer in the present invention is 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm to 5 ⁇ 10 atoms / cm (The strength, preferred, 1 ⁇ 10 atoms / cm. More preferred to be ⁇ 1 x 10 2 atoms / cm 3 ! /.
- the semiconductor layer in the junction structure of the device according to the present invention can be made of Si containing nitrogen with a depth of 100 A or more from the surface side directly joined to the A1 based alloy layer.
- the semiconductor layer in the present invention is preferably made of amorphous n + ⁇ S and p + ⁇ Si! / ,.
- n is a semiconductor layer in which electrons are dominant as carrier one
- p is a semiconductor layer in which holes are dominant as carrier one
- + is Si. It means that the doping element to be added is highly doped.
- the semiconductor layer in the present invention preferably contains 5 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 to 5 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ toms / cm 3 of a dopant selected from phosphorus, boron and antimony! /.
- the Al-based alloy in the present invention preferably contains 0.5 at% to Ni; 10. Oat%. In addition, it is more preferable to contain boron by 0.2 to lat% to 0.8 at%. In the case of forming the junction structure of the element according to the present invention, it is preferable to form the A1 based alloy layer by a sputtering method. The sputtering target at that time is 0.5 at% to Ni 10.0. It is preferable to use an Al-based alloy containing at%.
- Al-based alloy sputtering target which contains 0. lat% to 0.8 at% of boron in addition to Ni.
- the present invention relates to a thin film transistor formed from an element provided with the above-described element junction structure.
- N is used as a film forming atmosphere when forming Si to be a semiconductor layer by a chemical vapor deposition method.
- a gas containing N is introduced to form a semiconductor layer to form Si.
- the nitrogen partial pressure ratio When forming a film, it can be formed by setting the nitrogen partial pressure ratio to 0.010% to 20%, or by adjusting the nitrogen partial pressure ratio to 0.010% to 20% during film formation. .
- the device structure according to the present invention can also be formed by performing heat treatment at 200 ° C. to 500 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere after forming Si to be a semiconductor layer.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a TFT.
- FIG. 2 Schematic diagram of the ceramic characterization evaluation.
- FIG. 5 Conceptual graph showing nitrogen analysis results in the semiconductor layer by the secondary ion mass spectrometer
- FIG. 6 A schematic plan view showing the wiring structure of the TFT element.
- the element in the present invention includes a semiconductor layer and an A1 based alloy layer directly bonded to the semiconductor layer, and the semiconductor layer directly bonded to the A1 based alloy layer contains nitrogen. It is Si.
- the nitrogen content is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 atoms / cm to 5 ⁇ 10 ′ atoms / cm and the force S is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 2 ° atoms / cm 3. Preferred Yes.
- the whole of the semiconductor layer is made of Si having the above-mentioned nitrogen content, but a part of the semiconductor layer is made of Si having the above-mentioned nitrogen content
- the depth of 100 A or more from the surface of the semiconductor layer directly bonded to the Al-based alloy layer is made of Si containing nitrogen. The point is that if the semiconductor layer in the portion to be joined directly to the A1 alloy layer has Si with the above-mentioned nitrogen content, it is possible to prevent the interdiffusion of A1 and Si, and to maintain the ceramic characteristics. .
- SiH diluted with argon is used in forming a semiconductor layer by chemical vapor deposition, V, or chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
- V chemical vapor deposition
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- the introduced gas such as, PH, N gas, NH gas, NO gas
- a method of performing heat treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere after forming a semiconductor layer For example, when nitrogen is contained in a semiconductor layer in a TFT manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display, either the whole semiconductor layer or a part of the surface of the semiconductor layer may be used. In view of the degree of difficulty, it is preferable to adopt a method that can easily cope with the current manufacturing process.
- the semiconductor layer is adjusted by adjusting the nitrogen partial pressure ratio to 0.010% to 20% during film formation. It is possible to make nitrogen contained in Si.
- the nitrogen partial pressure ratio is the partial pressure ratio when nitrogen gas is introduced into the atmosphere for forming the Si film, and if it is less than 0.01%, even if other film forming conditions in CVD are varied, This is because the nitrogen content (1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 ) that can ensure heat resistance can not be achieved. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20%, the resistance of the semiconductor layer tends to be high, and the transistor characteristics tend to deteriorate.
- the nitrogen partial pressure ratio is obtained from the actual flow rate according to the compaction factor.
- nitrogen can be contained in the entire semiconductor layer, or nitrogen can be contained in part of the semiconductor layer. Instead of this nitrogen gas, use ammonia (NH
- nitrogen can be contained in Si of the semiconductor layer by performing heat treatment at 200 ° C. to 500 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the semiconductor layer has a nitrogen content continuously decreasing in the depth direction from the surface of the semiconductor layer.
- the nitrogen atmosphere in the present invention is a gas containing nitrogen as its main component, for example, N gas, NH gas
- gas species such as NO gas to indicate a purposefully controlled environment, preferably nitrogen
- the partial pressure is 90% or more, more preferably 99% or more.
- Si containing nitrogen is preferably a so-called doped one, that is, n + ⁇ Si or p + ⁇ Si, and its crystal form is monomonorefus.
- a semi-conductor layer, phosphorus, boron, a dopant selected from antimony, 5 X 10 17 atom s / cm 3 ⁇ 5 X 10 21 atoms / cm 3 is preferably contained. This is because Si that is highly doped with phosphorus, boron, and antimony can ensure the atomic property in direct bonding with the A1 based alloy layer.
- the transistor characteristics of the device can be sufficiently secured depending on the dopant species and activation heat treatment conditions. .
- the dopant species further high doping exceeding 5 ⁇ 10 21 atoms / cm 3 is possible, but in the case of an amorphous Si semiconductor device, it is not practical because the activation rate of the dopant does not increase.
- each dopant species into Si can be carried out by a known method such as a so-called thermal diffusion method or ion implantation method. And the dopant species and its content in Si Can be measured by a secondary ion mass spectrometer (Dynamic SIMS)
- the A1 based alloy layer is preferably an A1 based alloy containing Ni (nickel). Even if the Al-based alloy layer is pure Al, the present invention is effective if it is an effective Ni-containing A1-based alloy, it is easy to set the resistance of the A1-based alloy layer to 10 ⁇ 'cm or less. This is because it is easy to realize direct bonding with good device characteristics.
- Specific examples of the Al-based alloy containing Ni include Al-Ni alloy, Al-Ni-B (boron) alloy, Al-Ni-C (carbon) alloy, and Al-Ni-Nd (neodym) alloy. And Al—Ni—La (lanthanum) alloy.
- Ni content is 0 ⁇ 5 at% ⁇ ; 10 ⁇ O at% force S preferred.
- Ni content is 0 ⁇ 5 at% ⁇ ; 10 ⁇ O at% force S preferred.
- Nd and La it is preferable to make Ni content into content of 0.5 at%-2.Oat%.
- the content of B, C, Nd and La is preferably from 0. lat% to 1.0 at%.
- the Al-based alloy is more preferably an Al-Ni-B alloy containing B (boron) in an amount of 0. lat% to 0.8 at%.
- An Al-Ni-B alloy of such a composition enables direct bonding with a transparent electrode layer such as ITO or IZO, and also enables direct bonding with a semiconductor layer such as n + -Si, and thus the transparent electrode. It is possible to form an element excellent in heat resistance, which has a low junction resistance value when directly joined to a layer or a semiconductor layer.
- this Al-Ni-B alloy it is preferable that the Ni content be 4. Oat% or more and the B content be 0.80at% or less.
- the Ni content is in the range of 3 ⁇ 60 at% to 6. Oat%, and the B content is in the range of 0 ⁇ 20 at% to 0.80 at%.
- the A1 alloy of the present invention desirably contains 75 at% or more of A1 itself.
- the junction structure of the device according to the present invention described above, the interfacial reaction between the direct junction interface between the semiconductor layer and the A1 based alloy layer is suppressed, the ceramic characteristics are maintained, and the resistance of the A1 based alloy layer is maintained. Since the element can have a value of 10 10 ⁇ 'cm or less, it can be said to be suitable for forming a thin film transistor (TFT).
- TFT thin film transistor
- the junction structure of the device according to the present invention This is an extremely suitable device structure when forming a so-called bottom gate TFT having a gate electrode located on the substrate side.
- Example 1 a pure A1 film (specific resistance value: 2.8 ⁇ -cm), an Al- 5. Oat% Ni alloy film (specific resistance value: 4.0 ⁇ -cm), an A1 system alloy layer is used. 5.5. Oat% Ni-0.4at% B film (specific resistance value 4 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ -cm) is used to directly bond the semiconductor layer with Si, and the characteristics of the element are evaluated. (A1-5. Oat% Ni-0.3at% C film (specific resistance 4 ⁇ 8 ⁇ ′ cm) was also added to the comparative example). As the characteristic evaluation, the ceramic characteristics and Si diffusion heat resistance described below were investigated.
- each film is a single film (approximately 0 thick) by sputtering (magnetron 'sputtering apparatus, input power 3 ⁇ OW / cm 2 , argon gas flow rate 100 sccm, argon pressure 0 ⁇ 5 Pa) on a glass substrate. (3) 111) and heat-treated in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 300.degree. C. for 30 minutes, and then measured using a four-terminal resistance measuring apparatus.
- sputtering magnet 'sputtering apparatus, input power 3 ⁇ OW / cm 2 , argon gas flow rate 100 sccm, argon pressure 0 ⁇ 5 Pa
- FIG. 2 (A) shows a sample sectional view
- FIG. 2 (B) shows a sample plan view
- a 500 A n + -Si semiconductor layer 2 was formed on a glass substrate 1 (Coyung Co., Ltd .: # 1737) by CVD (manufactured by Samco Co., Ltd .: PD-2220L).
- the deposition conditions for this n + — Si semiconductor layer 2 are: RF 100 W (0.31 W / cm 2 ), SiH gas (hydrogen dilution) flow rate 300 ccm, phosphorus (P) component-containing gas
- a 300 A-thick n + — Si semiconductor layer 2 was formed at a flow rate of 50 ccm (hydrogen dilution) and a substrate temperature of 300 ° C. Then, A1 system alloy layer 3 was formed with a thickness of 2000 A by sputtering (magnetron 'sputtering apparatus, input power: 3 ⁇ OW / cm 2 , argon gas flow rate: 100 sccm, argon pressure: 0 ⁇ 5 Pa). Then, an evaluation sample was produced by forming the A1 based alloy layer 3 by photolithograpy so as to form a 1000 m ⁇ 300 ⁇ m electrode pad with a pad interval of 50 ⁇ m.
- the ceramic characteristics were evaluated by performing current-voltage measurement in the range of +5 V and 5 V between both electrode pads formed on this evaluation sample.
- This method of evaluating the ceramic characteristics is based on the measured current-voltage graph, in which an evaluation sample in which the correlation between the current and the voltage is linear is formed as an evaluation of the ceramic junction! Atomic junctions have a non-linear correlation with voltage It was evaluated! /!
- Si diffusion heat resistance In an evaluation sample of this property, an n + -Si semiconductor layer (30 OA) is formed on a glass substrate by CVD (the same conditions as in the case of the above-mentioned atomic property), and the semiconductor layer is formed.
- the A1 based alloy layers (2000 A) were formed by sputtering (magnetron 'sputtering apparatus, input power: 3.0 W / cm 2 , argon gas flow rate: 100 sccm, argon pressure: 0.5 Pa).
- the N gas is added to the introduced gas of the SiH gas diluted with hydrogen and the phosphorus (P) component-containing gas when forming a film by CVD, and the N pressure is added to the partial pressure ratio.
- the N gas is added to the introduced gas of the SiH gas diluted with hydrogen and the phosphorus (P) component-containing gas when forming a film by CVD, and the N pressure is added to the partial pressure ratio.
- a phosphoric acid A1 etching solution (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., liquid temperature 32 ° C.
- a mixed acid etchant / composition (volume ratio) phosphoric acid: succinic acid: acetic acid: water 16: 1: 2: 1) formed in the upper layer by immersion for 10 minutes Only the respective composition films were dissolved to expose the semiconductor layer. The surface of the exposed semiconductor layer was observed under an optical microscope (200 ⁇ ) to examine interdiffusion between Si and A1 and to check whether it was / !.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show representative optical micrographs of the exposed semiconductor layer surface.
- Fig. 3 shows the surface of the semiconductor layer where no interdiffusion is observed (evaluation result:))
- Fig. 4 shows traces of interdiffusion (black spots in the photograph) (evaluation result: X).
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are images referred to when determining the presence or absence of interdiffusion, and show the observation results of this example.
- Tables 1 to 3 show the results of the above characteristic evaluation. Samples No. 1-1 to 13 are cases where nitrogen is contained in the Si semiconductor layer, and samples No. 1-4 to 17 are cases where nitrogen is not contained in the Si semiconductor layer. Also, Table 1 shows the case where the nitrogen content of the Si semiconductor layer is 4 ⁇ 10 19 atoms S / cm 3 , Table 2 shows the case of 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 , and Table 3 shows 1 ⁇ 10 2 ° atoms / cm. The results for case 3 are shown. The nitrogen content here is an average value.
- the nitrogen content of the Si semiconductor layer was measured by a secondary ion mass spectrometer (Dynamic SIMS) in the case of 4 ⁇ 10 19 atoms / cm 3 or more.
- a secondary ion mass spectrometer (Dyna mic SIMS)
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the result of analyzing nitrogen in the depth direction of a semiconductor layer (source or drain) formed of nitrogen-containing n + -Si with a secondary ion mass spectrometer. ing. As shown in FIG.
- nitrogen when nitrogen is contained in part of Si of the semiconductor layer, nitrogen is contained in the part corresponding to the thickness of the part containing nitrogen in the part of the Si semiconductor layer containing nitrogen. It is detected. And the nitrogen content (concentration) is specified by the average value of the measurement values corresponding to the upper bottom part of the trapezoidal peak as shown in FIG.
- the nitrogen content is 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms S / cm 3 , it is below the detection limit of the secondary ion mass spectrometer, so X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) is used to detect the Si semiconductor layer. Sputtering is performed in the depth direction by about 50 to OOA, and then the sputtered portion is measured by an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), and nitrogen obtained from the result of sample measurement with known nitrogen content The nitrogen content was calculated relative to the integrated intensity of the detected peak.
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectrometer
- This nitrogen content can be measured by either a secondary ion mass spectrometer or an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, but in the case of a content near the detection limit of the secondary ion mass spectrometer, From the viewpoint of the reliability of the measured values, measurement by an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer may be performed.
- the on / off ratio which is the switching characteristic of the element, tends not to be able to be obtained by six orders of magnitude.
- the on / off ratio is 6 digits when the on current is 10_ 4 A and the off current ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , such a on / off ratio can not be maintained, so the nitrogen content is 1 x 10 2 ° atom It is considered to be practical to set it to S 3 / cm 3 or less.
- Example 2 with respect to the Si diffusion heat resistance and the switching characteristic (on / off ratio) of the element, the Al semiconductor of various compositions and the Si semiconductor layer in which the nitrogen content is changed. explain the results of the survey in detail.
- the A1 series alloys evaluated in this Example 2 are nine types of sample Nos. 2 to 1 to 2 shown in Table 4 and Table 5.
- the switching characteristics of the device were measured by measuring the on / off ratio. Evaluation samples were prepared according to the following procedure.
- an Al-based alloy film having a thickness of 3000 A was formed on a glass substrate (manufactured by Ko-Yung Co., Ltd .: # 1737) using an Al-based alloy target of each composition.
- Sputtering conditions are substrate heating temperature 100. C, DC Power 000 W (3. 1 W / cm 2 ), argon gas flow rate 100 sccm, argon pressure 0.5 Pa.
- the A1 alloy film was etched by photolithography to form a gate wiring width of 50 ⁇ m, and a gate electrode width of 15 m (see FIG. 6).
- Photolithography conditions are as follows: A1 based alloy film surface resist (TFR- 970: Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- TMAH developer alkaline developer
- SiNx to be an insulating layer is formed by RF sputtering to a thickness of 2200 A I made a film.
- the film forming conditions were a substrate heating temperature of 350 ° C., RF Power 000 W (3.1 W / cm 2 ), an argon gas flow rate of 90 sccm, a nitrogen gas flow rate of 10 sccm, and a pressure of 0.5 Pa.
- amorphous i-Si and phosphorus-doped ⁇ -Si were optionally deposited by CVD.
- the film forming conditions for i-Si are: substrate heating temperature 300 ° C., RF power IOOW (0.31 W / cm 2 ), SiH flow rate (10% argon gas dilution) 300 sccm
- the thickness was 2000 A.
- the deposition conditions for nitrogen-doped n + — Si (P (phosphorus) -doped film) are the substrate heating temperature of 200. C, RF PowerIOOW (0.31 W / cm 2 ), SiH flow rate (8% argon gas diluted)
- an Al-based alloy film having the same composition as that of the film first formed on the glass substrate was formed to a thickness of 2000 A.
- the film forming conditions were the same as the above-described gate wiring.
- a source wiring, a drain wiring, and an electrode were formed by photolithography.
- the photolithography conditions are the same as those of the gate wiring.
- dry etching of the n + -Si layer was performed. Dry etching conditions are RF Power 50 W, SF gas flow rate 30 sccm, pressure lOPa. After that, stripping solution (ST106
- a 2500 ⁇ thick SiNx insulating film to be a passivation was formed, and only gate, source, and drain electrode portions were exposed by dry etching.
- the dry etching conditions are: RF Power 100 W, SF gas flow rate 30 sccm, O gas flow rate 5 sccm, pressure lOPa
- the on / off ratio of the switching characteristic of the element was measured by the three-terminal method for the evaluation sample prepared as described above.
- the Si diffusion heat resistance was performed in the same manner as the method described in Example 1.
- Tables 4 and 5 show the results of the Si diffusion heat resistance evaluation (Table 4) and the on / off ratio measurement (Table 5) in the Si semiconductor layer in which the A1 alloy and nitrogen content of each composition were changed. .
- the nitrogen content of the Si semiconductor layer be in the order of 10 18 atoms / cm 3 to 10 21 atoms / cm 3 .
- A1-5. Oat% Ni-0.4 at% B alloy (sample No. 2-3), A1-3. Oat% Ni-0.4 at% B alloy (sample No. 2-6), Al- 3.
- 2 at% Ni—0.2 at% B alloy sample No. 2 ⁇ 7
- ⁇ 1-2 ⁇ O at% Ni—0.4 at% B alloy sample No. 2-8
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JP2009239263A (ja) * | 2008-03-01 | 2009-10-15 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタ及び表示装置 |
JP2009302524A (ja) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-12-24 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタ |
JP2010239120A (ja) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-10-21 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタ |
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JPS63178559A (ja) * | 1987-01-19 | 1988-07-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタ |
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JP4179489B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-11 | 2008-11-12 | 日立金属株式会社 | Al合金電極膜の製造方法 |
JP3940385B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-19 | 2007-07-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 表示デバイスおよびその製法 |
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JP2009239263A (ja) * | 2008-03-01 | 2009-10-15 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタ及び表示装置 |
US8618544B2 (en) | 2008-03-01 | 2013-12-31 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Thin film transistor and display device |
JP2009302524A (ja) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-12-24 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタ |
JP2010239120A (ja) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-10-21 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタ |
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