WO2006054705A1 - 直鎖状鋳型dnaを用いた無細胞タンパク質合成方法及びそのための細胞抽出液 - Google Patents
直鎖状鋳型dnaを用いた無細胞タンパク質合成方法及びそのための細胞抽出液 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006054705A1 WO2006054705A1 PCT/JP2005/021265 JP2005021265W WO2006054705A1 WO 2006054705 A1 WO2006054705 A1 WO 2006054705A1 JP 2005021265 W JP2005021265 W JP 2005021265W WO 2006054705 A1 WO2006054705 A1 WO 2006054705A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/02—Preparation of peptides or proteins having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione
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- the present invention relates to a protein synthesis method using a cell-free protein synthesis system, and more particularly to a method for protein synthesis in a cell-free system using linear DNA as a cage, and a kit for the same.
- Extracts for carrying out the translation reaction are commercially available from E. coli, from wheat germ, and from rabbit reticulocytes.
- Escherichia coli extracts it is known that proteins can be synthesized from DNA through a coupling reaction between transcription and translation.
- a method using an S30 extract of Escherichia coli has been systematically developed by Spey et al. 1).
- the S30 extract contains ribosome, aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, polypeptide chain initiation factor (IF), elongation factor (EF) and termination factor necessary for translation of mRNA.
- IF polypeptide chain initiation factor
- EF elongation factor
- DNA When DNA is used as a type of synthetic protein, DNA in which the target protein gene is placed downstream of a strong promoter (typically the T7 promoter) is used to couple both transcription and translation reactions.
- T7 RNA polymerase and 4 types of ribonucleotides ATP, GTP, CTP and UTP are added to the system. Since ATP energy is required for the synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA and the translation reaction of mRNA, an energy regeneration system such as creatine kinase creatine phosphate is added to the cell-free system. With these components, the protein synthesis reaction that takes place inside the cell is reconstituted in a test tube.
- the linear ⁇ DNA has been reported that susceptible to degradation by endogenous E exonuclease present in the E. coli extract (e.g., Non-Patent Documents 2 to 4 refer.) 0 or It is also known that the protein complex called degradonome reduces the expression efficiency because it recognizes and degrades RNA.
- freeze and thaw operations are performed in the S30 extract preparation process to remove the degradosome (see, for example, Patent Document 3), or the endonuclease RNase E, which is an important component of the degradonome, is encoded.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-110236
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-4-200390
- Patent Document 3 International Publication No. 01Z83805 Pamphlet
- Non-patent document 1 Geoffrey Zubay, “Annual Review of Genetics”, 1973, No. 7, p. 267—287
- Non-patent Reference 2 Pratt et al, Nucleic Acids Res., 9, 4459-4474, (1981)
- Non-Patent Document 3 Benzinger et al., J. Virol, 15, 861-871, (1975)
- Non-Patent Document 4 Lorenz and Wackernagel, Microbiol Rev., 58, 563-602, (1994)
- Non-Patent Document 5 Yang et al., PNAS 77, 7029-7033 (1980)
- Non-Patent Document 6 Yu et al., PNAS, 97, 5978-5983, (2000)
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a protein synthesis method using a cell-free protein synthesis system, long-term continuous synthesis is performed using linear DNA as a cage.
- the purpose is to provide a simple and efficient method for synthesizing a large amount of protein by reaction.
- the present inventors conducted various studies on a cell-free protein synthesis system using Escherichia coli.
- the protein synthesis yield is improved and stabilized, and a high synthesis yield can be obtained especially in continuous reactions such as dialysis and continuous flow.
- the present invention has been completed.
- the method for producing a protein according to the present invention comprises an extract of Escherichia coli cells cultured at any temperature of 18 ° C to 36 ° C, and a linear cage DNA encoding the protein.
- a continuous synthesis reaction is performed for at least 1 hour, preferably 2 to 8 hours.
- the culture temperature of the E. coli is preferably 20 ° C to 34 ° C, and more preferably 26 ° C to 32 ° C.
- the protein synthesis method of the present invention is suitable for a continuous reaction for a long time, and is characterized by a continuous protein.
- a dialysis system or a continuous flow system is particularly preferable.
- a cell-free protein synthesis system using a dialysis system consists of a dialyzed internal solution containing an extract and linear linear DNA, a dialysis external solution containing a low-molecular substrate for protein synthesis, and the substrate can move through it. And a dialysis membrane.
- the cell-free protein combination for linear rod-shaped DNA comprising an extract of Escherichia coli cells cultured at any temperature of 18 ° C to 36 ° C.
- An adult kit is provided.
- the culture temperature of the E. coli is preferably 20 ° C to 34 ° C, and more preferably 26 ° C to 32 ° C.
- a large number of linear double-stranded DNAs prepared by means of PCR or the like are used as a cage and efficiently used in a continuous reaction system such as dialysis.
- Protein synthesis can be performed. Although the amount of protein synthesis itself is slightly lower than when circular plasmid DNA is used, it is possible to process a large number of samples as soon as necessary to perform the claw-type DNA cloning operation. Suitable for sample preparation for screening and comprehensive analysis of proteins.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of a protein synthesis reaction performed at 30 ° C for 5 hours using a S30 extract prepared by culturing E. coli BL21 codon plus strain at various temperatures. The amount of CAT protein synthesized was also calculated as a measure of CAT activity.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of a protein synthesis reaction performed at 37 ° C. for 1 hour by the Notch method using S 30 extract prepared by culturing E. coli BL21 codon plus strain at various temperatures. The amount of CAT protein synthesized was also calculated as a measure of CAT activity.
- FIG. 3 S30 extract prepared by culturing E. coli BL21 codon plus strain at various temperatures, and using a dialysis system for 30 hours at 30 ° C for protein synthesis reaction: L 1 SDS — The result analyzed by PAGE is shown.
- the cell-free protein synthesis system refers to taking out a protein factor necessary for protein translation as a cell extract and reconstituting this reaction in a test tube.
- the target protein is synthesized.
- Cell-free systems can be constructed using extracts derived from various species, such as bacteria such as Escherichia coli and thermophilic bacteria, wheat germ, rabbit reticulocytes, mouse L cells, Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, Extracts of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells with high protein synthesis activity, such as HeLa cells, CHO cells, and budding yeast can be used (Clemens, MJ, Transcription and Translation-A Practical Approach, ( 1984), pp. 231-270, Henes, BD et al. Eds., IRL Pres s, Oxford) 0
- the eukaryotic cell or prokaryotic cell is cultured at a temperature lower than the optimum growth temperature, thereby preparing an extract for cell-free protein synthesis suitable for linear rod-shaped DNA.
- the optimum growth temperature is around 37 ° C., so that the culture is carried out at any temperature of 18 ° C. to 36 ° C. in the method of the present invention. If it is lower than 18 ° C, the growth will be extremely slow, or reactions such as low temperature stress will occur. When culturing further E. coli, the growth rate is slow, but it is well known to those skilled in the art that the growth of E. coli can be seen even if the temperature is lowered to about 20 ° C. Incubate at C, more preferably at 26 ° C to 32 ° C.
- the method of the present invention may vary depending on the genetic background of the E. coli strain used for the preparation of the extract, at least in Escherichia coli B strain, particularly BL21 strain and BL21 codon plus strain, The effect is recognized. Since the method of the present invention is a relatively simple method of lowering the culture temperature of E. coli. It is also possible to obtain a synergistic effect in combination with E. coli strains having various genetic mutations.
- Escherichia coli extracts include Spey et al. (Supra) or Pratt et al. (Pratt, JM et al., Transcrition and Translation-A Practical Approach, (1984), pp. 179-209, Henes, BD et al. eds., IRL Press, Oxford) can be used.
- the E. coli S30 extract contains all the E. coli enzymes and factors required for transcription and translation. Furthermore, a supplementary mixture can be added.
- Escherichia coli is cultured, and the cells are collected by centrifugation or the like.
- the collected cells are washed, resuspended in a buffer solution, and crushed using a French press, glass beads, Waring renderer, etc. Crushed E. coli insoluble material is removed by centrifugation, mixed with the preincubation mixture and incubated.
- endogenous DNA and RNA are degraded by this operation, endogenous nucleic acid may be further degraded by adding calcium salt, micrococcal nuclease, or the like. Subsequently, remove endogenous amino acids, nucleic acids, nucleosides, etc. by dialysis, dispense appropriate amounts, and store in liquid nitrogen or at 80 ° C.
- DNA or RNA that becomes a transcription Z translation type a substrate amino acid, an energy source, various ions, a buffer solution, an ATP regeneration system, nucleolytic enzyme inhibition is performed on the cell extract.
- agent, tRNA, a reducing agent, polyethylene glycol, C AMP, folates, if antimicrobial agents, also using DNA as ⁇ may comprise substrates for RNA synthesis, and the RNA polymerase and the like.
- Tris acetate Tris acetate, DTT, NTPs (ATP, CTP, GTP, and UTP), phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate kinase, at least one amino acid (of 20 kinds of natural amino acids)
- NTPs ATP, CTP, GTP, and UTP
- phosphoenolpyruvate phosphoenolpyruvate
- pyruvate kinase at least one amino acid (of 20 kinds of natural amino acids)
- the remainder excluding the labeled amino acid is added.
- Polyethylene glycol (PEG) Polyethylene glycol
- folic acid folic acid
- cAMP cAMP
- tRNA Tris acetate
- ammonium acetate potassium acetate
- potassium acetate Add some or all of potassium glutamate, and magnesium acetate at the optimum concentration.
- RNA-degrading enzyme complex can be removed by mixing and freezing and thawing (see pamphlet of International Publication No. WO0183805).
- the cell extract of E. coli prepared by the above method for use in the method of the present invention is dispensed in a predetermined amount as used, and cell-free protein synthesis for linear vertical DNA is performed.
- These products can be stored frozen or dried, and sold as kits in containers suitable for storage and transport.
- An instruction manual, positive control DNA, vector DNA, etc. can be attached to the kit.
- the linear vertical DNA used in the method of the present invention is a double-stranded DNA comprising an appropriate expression control region and a gene sequence that expresses the desired protein.
- a strong promoter and terminator to promote transcription and to increase the affinity between mRNA and ribosome to increase translation efficiency.
- T7 RNA polymerase derived from T7 phage has a very strong transcriptional activity and is known to produce recombinant proteins at high levels! /
- introduction of a ribosome binding sequence (RBS), also called an SD sequence is important for improving translation efficiency.
- the cage DNA in order to rapidly purify or detect the synthesized protein, can be designed so that a fusion protein incorporating a property tag sequence can be synthesized.
- An improved method for efficiently producing such linear cage DNA has been disclosed by the present applicant in WO 03004703 pamphlet, the contents of which are also incorporated herein by reference. .
- the cell-free protein synthesis system of the present invention can be applied with a conventionally known technique such as a batch method or a continuous flow method.
- the method of the present invention is suitable for a long-time continuous reaction and has a small amount.
- Suitable for continuous protein synthesis reaction of at least 1 hour, preferably 2-8 hours. Continuous synthesis of 18 hours or more is possible by devising the reaction system, such as exchanging the external dialysis solution with a fresh one during the synthesis reaction.
- dialysis apparatus that can shake or stir the internal liquid and the external liquid separately through a dialysis membrane.
- small-scale reaction apparatus examples include Dispo Dialyzer (registered trademark) (manufactured by Spectrum) and Slidealyzer (registered trademark) (manufactured by Pierce).
- large scale An example of an apparatus for the reaction of a reagent is a Spectra / Por (registered trademark) dialysis tube (manufactured by Spectrum).
- the dialysis internal solution ie, protein synthesis reaction solution
- the dialysis internal solution includes DNA encoding the target protein, ATP (adenosine 5, -triphosphate), in addition to concentrated cell extracts such as E. coli S30.
- GTP guanosine 5, triphosphate
- CTP cytidine 5, triphosphate
- UTP uridine 5, triphosphate
- buffer salts, amino acids, RNase inhibitor, antibacterial agent, RNA Polymerase (eg, T7 RNA polymerase) and tRNA may be included.
- ATP regeneration systems include phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate kinase or creatine phosphate and creatine kinase, polyethylene glycol (eg # 8000), 3, 5, 5-cAMP, folic acid, RNase inhibitor Harmful agents, reducing agents (eg, dithiothreitol), and the like can be included.
- the dialysis external solution (that is, the protein synthesis substrate solution) can be used except the dialysis internal solution composition, cell extract, RNase inhibitor, DNA or RNA, and RNA polymerase.
- the dialysis internal solution composition can contain buffers, ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP, salts, amino acids, antibacterial agents, and the like.
- the concentration of the additive component can be arbitrarily selected.
- a buffer such as Hepes-KOH or Tris-OAc can be used.
- salts are acetates (for example, ammonium salts, magnesium salts, etc.), glutamates, etc.
- antibacterial agents are sodium azide and ampicillin.
- Amino acids are the 20 amino acids that make up proteins.
- pK7 a plasmid vector for CAT expression, is used as a vertical DNA for protein synthesis reaction.
- the reaction conditions were initial denaturation at 94 ° C for 2 minutes, followed by 10 cycles of 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 53 ° C for 30 seconds, 72 ° C for 2 minutes, followed by 3 at 94 ° C.
- the cycle between 0 seconds, 53 ° C for 30 seconds, 72 ° C (2 minutes + 5 seconds Z cycle) was repeated 20 times, and finally an extension reaction was performed once at 72 ° C for 5 minutes.
- Total amount 50 I scale (Total amount 50 I scale) Using the thus-prepared linear saddle DNA and circular plasmid pK7-CAT, the solution having the composition shown in Table 2 below was used as an external dialysis solution having the composition shown in Table 3. Then, dialysis was performed, and the protein synthesis reaction was carried out for up to 18 hours while sampling at 30 ° C. reaction The scales were reaction solution 30 1 and dialysis external solution 300 1. The quantification of the synthesized CAT protein followed the method of Shaw et al. (See Methods Enzymol. 735-755, 1975).
- acetylacetal reaction of chloramphenicol with CAT was performed using acetylcoenzyme A and chloramphene-chol as substrates, and the resulting reduced coenzyme A was converted to 5,5'-dithiopis 2-torobenzoic acid (DNTB) was used for color development quantification.
- the activity of CAT was quantified from the increase in absorbance per unit time at 37 ° C and 412 nm, and the amount of CAT protein was determined using this as an index.
- As a control experiment of the compositions shown in Table 2, only cysteine as amino acid was 3 mM, no sodium azide was added, T7 RNA polymerase was 133 ⁇ g / ml, E. coli S30 extract was 24% by volume of the reaction solution, and The type DNA was changed to 4 gZml each, and the synthesis reaction was carried out by batch method at 37 ° C for 1 hour.
- Vertical DNA expression vector p K 7 —CAT or linear DN 1 ⁇ g / ml
- FIG. 1 shows the results of measuring the CAT activity using the reaction solution 5 hours after the synthesis reaction by the dialysis method, and quantifying the amount of protein. 30 ° C At any temperature of 37 ° C, the amount of protein synthesis is larger when the plasmid DNA is in the saddle shape, and the S30 extract is prepared when the linear DNA is in the saddle shape. There was a large difference in the amount of protein synthesized depending on the culture temperature of E. coli. At a culture temperature of 37 ° C,
- the total amount of protein synthesized is less than one-third that of plasmid DNA. Gradually increases as the culture temperature decreases, and is approximately the same as when plasmid DNA is used at a culture temperature of 30 ° C. Protein synthesis was observed.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of protein synthesis by a batch method performed as a control experiment. Under these synthesis conditions, the synthesis reaction is almost completed at 37 ° C for 1 hour, so there is no significant difference in the amount of synthesis depending on the type of the cage DNA, but as shown in Fig. 2, the amount of CAT protein synthesized itself Is much lower than the amount synthesized by the dialysis method.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using 1 ⁇ l of the reaction solution subjected to the synthesis reaction for 18 hours by the dialysis method as a sample.
- the left half of Fig. 3 shows the protein synthesized at various culture temperatures of Escherichia coli when the plasmid DN ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is in the vertical shape, and the right half is the same as when the linear DNA is in the vertical shape. Results are shown.
- Molecular weight markers were run at both ends of the sample. As is apparent from Fig. 3, the molecular weight is detected around 23k Dalton (Da).
- the CAT protein is not affected by the culture temperature of E. coli, but when linear DNA is used, the concentration of the protein band increases as the culture temperature of E. coli decreases. As shown in Fig. 1, the results agree well with the reproducibility.
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EP05806899.0A EP1816207B1 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2005-11-18 | Cell-free protein synthesis method with the use of linear template dna and cell extract therefor |
US11/798,877 US8664355B2 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2007-05-17 | Cell-free protein synthesis method with the use of linear template DNA and cell extract therefor |
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JP2004335514A JP4787488B2 (ja) | 2004-11-19 | 2004-11-19 | 直鎖状鋳型dnaを用いた無細胞タンパク質合成方法及びそのための細胞抽出液 |
JP2004-335514 | 2004-11-19 |
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WO2023106291A1 (ja) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-06-15 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | タンパク質結晶材料の製造 |
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US20080032329A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
JP4787488B2 (ja) | 2011-10-05 |
US8664355B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
EP1816207A4 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
EP1816207A1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
JP2006141276A (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1816207B1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
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