WO2003063558A1 - Appareil avec tube a rayons x, determinateur d'exposition aux rayons x, generateur de rayons x utilisant ces elements, et radiogramme - Google Patents

Appareil avec tube a rayons x, determinateur d'exposition aux rayons x, generateur de rayons x utilisant ces elements, et radiogramme Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003063558A1
WO2003063558A1 PCT/JP2003/000667 JP0300667W WO03063558A1 WO 2003063558 A1 WO2003063558 A1 WO 2003063558A1 JP 0300667 W JP0300667 W JP 0300667W WO 03063558 A1 WO03063558 A1 WO 03063558A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
anode
ray
current
impedance
voltage
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PCT/JP2003/000667
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takuya Domoto
Hiroshi Takano
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Hitachi Medical Corporation
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Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Medical Corporation filed Critical Hitachi Medical Corporation
Priority to US10/500,700 priority Critical patent/US7224768B2/en
Priority to EP03701870A priority patent/EP1469709B1/fr
Publication of WO2003063558A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003063558A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/66—Circuit arrangements for X-ray tubes with target movable relatively to the anode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/56—Switching-on; Switching-off

Definitions

  • X-ray tube device X-ray exposure determiner, X-ray generator using them, and X-ray imaging
  • the present invention relates to an X-ray tube apparatus, an X-ray exposure determiner, an X-ray generator and an X-ray imaging apparatus using the same, and more particularly to X-ray irradiation by detecting the rotation speed of the anode of the X-ray tube.
  • the present invention relates to an X-ray tube device having an anode rotating mechanism that reduces the waiting time and does not damage the anode of the X-ray tube, and an X-ray generator and an X-ray imaging device using the same.
  • X-ray tube equipment with an anode rotation mechanism to increase the allowable load by moving the electron impact surface includes X-ray diagnostic equipment such as X-ray inspection equipment and X-ray CT equipment. It is very often used in the field of equipment.
  • the anode rotates on the same principle as the induction motor, except that the glass or metal that covers the X-ray tube exists between the stator and the rotor, which creates a gap. It is big.
  • An X-ray generator using a rotating anode X-ray tube with such a structure applies an AC voltage (single-phase or three-phase) to the stator coil in the anode rotation mechanism before exposing X-rays from the X-ray tube.
  • the anode is rotated by supplying a rotating magnetic field.
  • the X-ray tube When imaging a diagnostic region of a subject, the X-ray tube emits an electron beam from the cathode, and the electron beam collides with the anode target and is reflected to generate X-rays. Since the electron beam emitted from the cathode has enormous energy, the anode target is rotated as described above in order to prevent the anode target colliding with the electron beam from burning instantaneously.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-150193 discloses a mechanism in which the anode is rotated and controlled in three operation modes by using the above configuration and supplying a voltage to the anode rotating mechanism.
  • the first operation mode is a start-up mode. Since a large start-up torque is required in this start-up mode, a high AC voltage of, for example, about 500 V is applied to the stator coil to start the anode.
  • the second operation mode is a steady mode in which, after the anode is started, a predetermined number of revolutions, that is, a number of revolutions substantially matching the torque determined by the mechanical system of the anode rotating mechanism, the driving torque is smaller than the starting torque.
  • the third operation mode is a braking mode for stopping the rotation of the anode.
  • DC braking is applied by supplying a DC voltage of about 120 V to the fixed coil.
  • the operation time of the start-up mode is a time until the anode reaches a predetermined rotation speed. This time can be accurately measured by attaching a tachometer to the anode rotating shaft and directly detecting the number of revolutions, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-78191.
  • the anode reaches a predetermined rotation speed.
  • the time up to this point is measured in advance, and this time is referred to as the X-ray exposure standby time (the same applies hereinafter) and set in the X-ray high-voltage device. Therefore, during X-ray imaging, the X-ray high voltage A rotation drive signal is output to the camera, and after the preset X-ray exposure standby time elapses, the X-ray is exposed and the imaging is started. In other words, X-rays are emitted when the anode has reached a predetermined number of revolutions.
  • an anode drive signal is output from the X-ray high voltage device to the anode drive device, and the anode drive device drives the anode to rotate, thereby achieving a predetermined rotation speed.
  • An X-ray exposure standby time is set in advance to ensure that the X-ray exposure standby time elapses, and after the elapse of the X-ray exposure standby time, a high DC voltage is output from the X-ray high-voltage device and applied to the X-ray tube. Then, X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube.
  • the time required for the anode to reach a predetermined speed is about 5 seconds when the stator coil is cold. However, it takes about 6 seconds when the stator coil is warmed up after several shadows. That is, in a state where the stator coil is warm, the time required to reach the predetermined number of revolutions is long. The reason for this is that the warming of the stator coil increases the resistance value of the stator coil, thereby reducing the current.
  • the standby time for X-ray exposure until the anode reaches the specified number of revolutions is set assuming that the stator coil is warm (for example, set to 6 seconds while the stator coil is warm), the fixed When the child coil is cold, there is a dead time (for example, about 1 second) until X-ray exposure.
  • a dead time for example, about 1 second
  • the timing of the imaging may be lost even for only one second, or This is a factor that hinders the improvement of the throughput of the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus. Therefore, it is desirable that the dead time is as small as possible.
  • the inspection speed can be reduced because the passage speed can be improved by shortening the standby time for X-ray exposure.
  • An AC drive (single-phase or three-phase) is applied to the stator coil of the anode rotating mechanism to generate a rotating magnetic field and rotate the anode.
  • An inverter circuit that converts the DC voltage into a DC voltage and converts the DC voltage into a single-phase or three-phase AC voltage is used.
  • the output voltage from the inverter circuit fluctuates according to the commercial AC power supply voltage. Since the torque generated in the anode drive mechanism is approximately proportional to the square of the voltage applied to the stator coil, when the commercial power supply voltage fluctuates, the torque generated in the anode drive mechanism will fluctuate significantly. As a result, the time required for the rotation speed of the anode to reach the predetermined rotation speed also changes. However, no countermeasures have been taken for such phenomena.
  • the rotation characteristics of the anode change due to changes in the temperature of the anode and the frictional force of the anode rotating shaft.
  • the conventional method of setting the predetermined X-ray irradiation standby time requires the above-mentioned (1) Taking into account various conditions according to (3), etc., as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-114497 and Japanese Patent No. 3276967, the dead time after starting the rotating anode is 0.5 to 1 second. For the degree, it is necessary to set a sufficient time for X-ray irradiation standby by preparing an interlock mechanism etc. to keep the X-ray irradiation signal out.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-114497 and Japanese Patent No. 3276967 describe that the power consumption is detected from the reactive power or the power factor and is compared with a power consumption set value at a predetermined rotation.
  • a configuration is disclosed in which the X-ray irradiation signal is cut off when the above-described deviation occurs.
  • the power supplied from the inverter drive circuit as the anode drive device is As described above, the supply power fluctuates greatly when the commercial power supply voltage fluctuates because it fluctuates according to the original commercial AC power supply voltage and is approximately proportional to the square of the voltage applied to the stator coil.
  • the prior art required the interlock mechanism as described above. With the interlock mechanism, it is possible to shut off the X-ray exposure signal when the anode is already rotating, but adjust the waiting time for X-ray exposure from when the anode starts rotating until it reaches the specified rotation. Can not do it.
  • the number of rotations of the anode reaches a predetermined value based on voltage and current information or current information of a stator coil for generating a rotating magnetic field for rotating the anode.
  • the X-ray tube device is exposed to X-rays by applying a DC high voltage output from the X-ray high voltage device between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device according to the detection signal. This is to photograph the specimen.
  • an X-ray generator of the present invention includes: an X-ray tube device having an anode rotating mechanism; an X-ray high-voltage device for generating a DC high voltage applied between an anode and a cathode of the X-ray tube device; When the rotation speed of the anode reaches a predetermined value, the output voltage of the X-ray high voltage device is applied between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device, and a command to generate X-rays from the X-ray tube device is output.
  • An X-ray generator including X-ray irradiation command means, wherein an X-ray tube device having the following anode rotation speed detecting function is used as the X-ray tube device.
  • An X-ray imaging apparatus uses the above-mentioned X-ray generator as an X-ray source.
  • an anode rotation speed detecting means for detecting the rotation speed of the anode based on voltage and current information or current information related to a stator coil for generating a rotating magnetic field is described below. II) It was constructed by one of the forces (V).
  • the anode rotation number detecting means detects a voltage of the stator coil. At least one voltage detecting means, at least one current detecting means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, and an impedance calculating means for calculating the impedance of the rotating anode mechanism from outputs of the voltage detecting means and the current detecting means. Impedance calculating means, predetermined impedance storing means for storing the impedance of the rotating anode mechanism corresponding to a predetermined number of rotations of the anode, and current storing means for calculating the predetermined impedance by the impedance calculating means. And means for detecting that the current impedance is in the vicinity of the predetermined impedance.
  • the anode rotational speed detecting means at least one voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage of the stator coil, at least one current detecting means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, Impedance calculating means for calculating the impedance of the rotating anode mechanism from outputs of the voltage detecting means and current detecting means; and initial impedance storing means for storing the impedance at the start of anode rotation obtained by the impedance calculating means.
  • An impedance ratio calculating means for obtaining a ratio between the initial impedance and the current impedance obtained by the impedance calculating means; and a predetermined impedance stored in advance in the impedance ratio obtained by the impedance ratio calculating means. Means to detect that the number of rotations of the anode is a predetermined number of rotations compared to the ratio Constructed.
  • the anode rotation number detection means detects at least one current detection means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, and a fixed setting for storing the stator coil current corresponding to the set anode rotation number. Comparing the stored stator coil current with the stator coil current obtained by the current detecting means so that the current stator coil current is close to a predetermined stator coil current. It consists of means for detecting that
  • the anode rotation number detection means detects at least one current detection means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, and an initial fixation for storing a stator coil current at the start of anode rotation detected by the current detection means.
  • Child coil current storage means for storing a stator coil current at the start of anode rotation detected by the current detection means.
  • stator coil current ratio calculation means for obtaining a ratio of the initial stator coil current to the current stator coil current detected by the current detection means
  • stator coil current ratio calculation Means for detecting that the number of rotations of the anode is a predetermined number of rotations from the stator coil current ratio obtained by the means Consists of
  • the voltage / current information relating to the stator coil which is input to the impedance calculation means in the anode rotation number detection means of (II) and (III),
  • the voltage information is a target value of this voltage.
  • the X-ray generator includes: an X-ray tube device having an anode rotating mechanism; and an X-ray high voltage for generating a DC high voltage applied between an anode and a cathode of the X-ray tube device.
  • the output voltage of the X-ray high-voltage device is applied between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device to generate X-rays from the X-ray tube device.
  • An X-ray generator including an X-ray irradiation start command unit for outputting a command to cause the X-ray tube to use the X-ray tube device according to any one of (I) to (V) as the X-ray tube device.
  • the X-ray generator includes an X-ray tube device having an anode rotating mechanism, and an X-ray high-voltage device for generating a DC high voltage applied between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device.
  • an X-ray generator including an X-ray irradiation start command unit that outputs a command to generate an X-ray, wherein the X-ray tube according to (VI) is used as the X-ray tube.
  • the X-ray irradiation determiner includes an anode rotation number detecting means, and the anode rotation number detecting means includes a rotating magnetic field generating stator for rotating an anode in the X-ray tube device.
  • the number of rotations of the anode is detected based on voltage / current information or current information related to the coil, and is configured by any of the following ( ⁇ ) to (XX). '
  • the anode rotational speed detecting means includes at least one voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage of the stator coil, at least one current detecting means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, An impedance calculating means for calculating the impedance of the rotating anode mechanism from the outputs of the voltage detecting means and the current detecting means; and a predetermined impedance storing the impedance of the rotating anode mechanism corresponding to a predetermined number of rotations of the anode. Impedance storage means, and the predetermined impedance is stored in the impedance calculation means. And means for detecting that the current impedance is in the vicinity of the predetermined impedance by comparing with the current impedance calculated in step (1).
  • the anode rotation number detecting means includes at least one voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage of the stator coil, at least one current detecting means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, Impedance calculating means for calculating the impedance of the rotating anode mechanism from outputs of the voltage detecting means and current detecting means, and initial impedance storing means for storing the impedance at the start of anode rotation obtained by the impedance calculating means.
  • An impedance ratio calculating means for obtaining a ratio between the initial impedance and the current impedance obtained by the impedance calculating means; and an impedance ratio obtained by the impedance ratio calculating means.
  • a means for detecting that the anode rotation speed is a predetermined rotation speed by comparing with the impedance ratio It was constructed.
  • the anode rotation speed detection means includes at least one current detection means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, and a setting for storing the stator coil current corresponding to the set anode rotation speed. By comparing the stator coil current storage means with the stored stator coil current and the stator coil current obtained by the current detection means, the current stator coil current becomes close to a predetermined stator coil current. It consisted of means for detecting that
  • the anode rotation number detection means detects at least one current detection means for detecting a current flowing through the stator coil, and an initial fixation for storing a stator coil current at the start of anode rotation detected by the current detection means.
  • Child coil current storage means; stator coil current ratio calculation means for obtaining a ratio between the initial stator coil current and the current stator coil current detected by the current detection means; and stator coil current ratio calculation The means for detecting that the number of rotations of the anode is the predetermined number of rotations from the stator coil current ratio obtained by the means is configured.
  • the X-ray irradiation determiner (XII) and (XIII) relating to the stator coil inputted to the impedance calculating means in the anode rotation speed detecting means.
  • the voltage information of the voltage / current information is a target value of the voltage.
  • the X-ray generator comprises an X-ray having an anode rotating mechanism.
  • a tube device an X-ray high-voltage device for generating a DC high voltage applied between an anode and a cathode of the X-ray tube device, and an X-ray high-voltage device when the rotation speed of the anode reaches a predetermined value.
  • X-ray emission command means for applying an output voltage between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device to output a command to generate X-rays from the X-ray tube device; and (XI) to (XV). It consists of the X-ray exposure determiner described above.
  • the X-ray generator comprises: an X-ray tube device having an anode rotating mechanism; an X-ray high-voltage device for generating a DC high voltage applied between an anode and a cathode of the X-ray tube device; When the number of revolutions of the X-ray tube reaches a predetermined value, the output voltage of the X-ray high voltage device is applied between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device to output a command to generate X-rays from the X-ray tube device. It comprises X-ray irradiation command means and the X-ray irradiation determiner described in (XVI).
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of an X-ray tube device and an X-ray exposure determiner according to the present invention, and an X generator using the same.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing characteristics of an anode rotating motor of a rotating anode X-ray tube device.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the X-ray tube device and the X-ray irradiation determiner according to the present invention, and the X-ray generator using the same.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention in which the X-ray generator of FIG. 1 is used as an example of an X-ray imaging apparatus in an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention in which the X-ray generator of FIG. 3 is used as an example of an X-ray imaging apparatus in an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 shows that when the rotation speed of the anode of the X-ray tube 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention of an X-ray tube device, an X-ray exposure determiner, and an X-ray generator, which generate X-rays by applying a high DC voltage between an anode and a cathode of a tube device. It is a figure.
  • an X-ray tube device 2 includes an X-ray tube 21 having a structure in which a rotating anode 23 and a filament cathode 24 are placed in a vacuum vessel, and a stator coil 22 for generating a rotating magnetic field for rotating the rotating anode 23. Etc.
  • the output voltage (DC high voltage) from the X-ray high voltage device 1 is applied to the rotating anode 23 and the filament.
  • the X-ray is generated from the X-ray tube 21 of the X-ray tube device 2 by applying a voltage between the poles 24.
  • the X-ray high-voltage device is defined at least in Japanese Industrial Standards for medical X-ray high-voltage devices, JIS Z 4702 (standards similar to international standards IEC60601-2-7 and IEC60601-2-15). All devices are listed.
  • the rotating anode 23 corresponds to the predetermined frequency by a rotating magnetic field generated by applying an AC voltage having a predetermined frequency and a predetermined voltage output from the anode driving device 3 to the stator coil 22. At the specified rotation speed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a case where the motor including the rotating anode is of a three-phase type, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a single-phase type.
  • the anode drive device 3 converts a commercial AC power supply into a DC voltage by a converter circuit, which is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-150193, and converts this DC voltage to an X-ray generation signal of the present invention by an imperator circuit.
  • It is configured to output a single-phase or three-phase AC voltage having a frequency and voltage corresponding to the operation mode of the X-ray diagnostic imaging system using the device, or a single-phase or three-phase
  • An AC voltage is converted to a predetermined voltage and applied to the stator coil 22, such as a single-phase or three-phase for generating a rotating magnetic field suitable for the purpose of use of the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus. Any mode may be used as long as an AC voltage can be applied.
  • it is determined whether or not the number of rotations of the anode of the X-ray tube device has reached the set number of rotations (that is, whether or not X-ray irradiation is possible).
  • the output voltage and the output current from the anode driving device 3 are detected, and the detection is performed as follows based on the detected values. That is, a voltage detector 4 for detecting an output voltage from the anode driving device 3 and an anode driving device A current detector 5 that detects the output current from the driving device 3, and the detected voltage and the detected current value from the voltage detector 4 and the current detector 5 are input to the impedance of the anode rotating mechanism including the stator coil 22. , An initial impedance storage device 7 for storing the calculated value of the impedance at the start of the rotation of the rotating anode 23, and an initial impedance storage device 7 stored in the initial impedance storage device 7.
  • the impedance value and the current impedance value calculated by the impedance calculation device 6 are input, and the ratio is calculated to determine whether or not the force at which the anode rotation speed has reached the set rotation speed is X.
  • An X-ray irradiation start determining device 8 for determining the start condition of the X-ray irradiation and instructing the X-ray high voltage device 1 to start the X-ray irradiation is provided. Output from 8 The X-ray exposure start signal is input to the X-ray high voltage device 1, and the output voltage (DC high voltage) of the X-ray high voltage device 1 is applied between the rotating anode 23 and the cathode 24 of the X-ray tube device 2. X-ray exposure is started by application.
  • the impedance calculating device 6, the initial impedance storage device 7, and the X-ray irradiation start determining device 8 convert the AC voltage and current value detected by the voltage detector 4 and the current detector 5 into DC.
  • a / D converter analog / digital converter
  • CPU central processing unit
  • a / D converter analog / digital converter
  • CPU central processing unit
  • It is composed of a storage device that stores various information such as the initial impedance, and a microphone computer including an input / output interface used for input / output of information with the outside.
  • the impedance of each phase of the X-ray tube device with the three-phase anode rotating mechanism including the ⁇ -connected stator coil shown in Fig. 1 above is the ratio (effective value) between the line voltage and the line current of the stator coil.
  • the line voltage is directly detected by the voltage detector 4, while the phase current is detected by the current detector 5 and multiplied by ⁇ 3 to calculate the line current. You can ask.
  • the impedance can be obtained from the ratio between the phase voltage and the phase current.
  • the stator coil 22 having a ⁇ connection is used, but this can be a Y connection.
  • the impedance of each phase is determined by the ratio (effective value) between the phase voltage and the phase current of the stator coil, and the line voltage is detected. Therefore, the phase voltage becomes the line voltage /.
  • the phase current can be directly detected by the current detector 5.
  • the impedance is determined from the ratio between the phase voltage and the phase current. In this case, the impedance can be obtained from the ratio between the line voltage and the line current. If the motor of the anode rotating mechanism is a single-phase motor, the line voltage and the phase current with respect to the common can be detected directly, so the impedance is determined by the line voltage / phase current.
  • a plurality of voltage detectors 4 and current detectors 5 can be respectively installed between different phases and at Z or another line. Also, a plurality of voltage detectors 4 and / or current detectors 5 can be installed in parallel. By installing a plurality of them in this way, measurement accuracy and measurement reliability can be improved.
  • the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator coil is determined by the number of poles p of the induction motor and the frequency f of the voltage applied to the stator coil.
  • the above relationship also holds, and the slip is small, the efficiency is high where the rotor is rotating near the synchronous speed, and the current flowing through the stator coil is small.
  • the impedance of the anode rotating mechanism viewed from the stator coil side is large.
  • the slip at start-up is large, the efficiency is poor, and the impedance decreases because a large current flows.
  • the rotation speed of the rotating anode is estimated from the relationship between the rotation speed and the impedance.
  • the anode driving device 3 when operated by a shooting start command (not shown) to apply a three-phase AC voltage to the stator coil, the rotating anode 23 starts rotating.
  • the line voltage of the stator coil 22 is detected by the voltage detector 4 and the phase current is detected by the current detector 5, and these detected values are taken into the impedance computing device 6.
  • Predetermined value of the ratio of the said Z the as and Z a0 it is necessary to store in advance in the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8. If it is determined that the ratio between Z as and Z a0 has reached a predetermined value, an X-ray exposure start signal is input to the X-ray high voltage
  • the output voltage (DC high voltage) of the line high voltage device 1 is applied between the rotating anode 23 and the cathode 24 of the X-ray tube device 2 to start X-ray irradiation.
  • the configuration in which whether or not the steady-state rotation speed has been reached is determined from the ratio of the impedance between the stationary state and the steady-state rotation number allows the anode drive device 3 to be powered by a commercial power supply.
  • the X-ray irradiation start determining device 8 can determine not only the start of the irradiation but also the continuation of the irradiation.
  • the initial impedance can be obtained at each start-up, so the set values such as power consumption required by the conventional technology can be determined. Maintenance work is simplified because the actual driving and measurement of each X-ray tube for each operation can be omitted.
  • the anode drive If you do not receive any or when the effect is less influenced by changes in the power supply voltage of the dynamic device 3 stores the impedance Z the as o'clock steady rotation number in advance in the X-ray exposure start determination device 8 Place, impedance may be started X-ray irradiation to determine that it is now the Z the as. With this configuration, the initial impedance storage device 7 becomes unnecessary, and the device configuration is simplified. Even in this case, since the measured impedance is a value obtained by dividing the voltage by the current, the fluctuation is smaller than the electric power, and the same effect as above can be obtained.
  • a voltage detector 4 is provided.Instead, a target value of the output voltage of the anode driving device 3 is used, and the impedance is obtained from the target value and the current value detected by the current detector. Even in this case, the same effect can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 shows the present invention that detects that the rotation speed of the anode of the X-ray tube device 2 has reached a predetermined value and applies a high DC voltage between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device to generate X-rays.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the X-ray tube device and the X-ray generator of the present invention. The second embodiment in FIG. 3 focuses on the fact that the phase current la in FIG. 2 is significantly different between the start of start and the steady state, and the rotation speed of the anode is set to a predetermined value using the current flowing through the stator coil 22.
  • the voltage detector 4 is not required, the initial current value storage device 7 'is provided in place of the initial impedance storage device 7, and the determination method of the X-ray exposure start determination device 8' is different. Is the same as in the first embodiment of FIG.
  • the current flowing through the stator coil when the slip of the rotating anode motor at the start of rotation is 1 is Ia0
  • the stator rotates at a constant rotation speed.
  • the current flowing through the coil is I as , it is possible to detect from the ratio of these current values that the number of revolutions at which X-ray irradiation can be started has been reached.
  • the rotating anode 23 starts rotating.
  • the sequential phase current la is detected until the rotation of the rotating anode 23 accelerates and reaches the steady-state rotation speed, and the detected value is compared with the initial current value I a0 stored in the initial current value storage device 7 ′.
  • the uptake in the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8 determines the ratio of the I the as and I a0, becomes the current value I the as the current phase current value corresponding to the steady rotational speed, and the current value I the as It is determined whether the ratio with the initial current value I a0 has reached a predetermined value.
  • the predetermined value of the ratio between the current value I as and the initial current value I aO at the time of the steady rotation speed needs to be stored in advance in the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8 ′. If it is determined that the ratio of I as and I a0 has reached a predetermined value, an X-ray exposure start signal is input to the X-ray high voltage device 1 from the X-ray exposure start determination device 8 ′, The output voltage (DC high voltage) from the X-ray high voltage device 1 is applied between the rotating anode 23 and the cathode 24 of the X-ray tube device 2 to start X-ray irradiation.
  • the initial current value is maintained even if the power supply voltage of the anode driving device 3 fluctuates. And the current value at the time of steady rotation speed changes in proportion, so that it is not affected by the change of the power supply voltage of the anode driving device 3.
  • the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8 ' can determine not only the start of the irradiation but also the continuation.
  • the current value I as at the time of the steady rotation speed is stored in advance in the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8 ′.
  • X-ray irradiation may be started after determining that the current value has reached Ias.
  • the X-ray tube device, the X-ray exposure determiner, and the X-ray generator of the present invention are:
  • the anode rotation speed of an X-ray tube device having an anode rotation mechanism is detected using voltage information and current information of a stator coil that generates a rotating magnetic field for anode rotation. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the difficulties that occur when installing an anode tachometer, etc. in a high-temperature, vacuum, high-voltage environment and in a limited space, and to eliminate the need for an interlock mechanism that prevents X-ray exposure signals from being output. .
  • an AC voltage (single-phase or three-phase) is applied from the X-ray tube to the stator coil of the anode rotating mechanism before X-ray irradiation.
  • the anode is rotated by generating a rotating magnetic field.
  • torque determined by the mechanical system of the anode rotating mechanism that is, the motor
  • FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the X-ray tube apparatus, the X-ray exposure determiner and the X-ray generator of FIG. It is a figure.
  • 11 is a three-phase AC power supply having a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz
  • 12a, 12b, and 12c are electrically connected to the AC power supply 11 to transmit this AC voltage to the rotating unit 100 of the scanner.
  • the brushes 13a, 13b, and 13c are slip rings that rotate together with the scanner rotating unit 100 while contacting the brushes 12a, 12b, and 12c.
  • the brushes 12a, 12b, 12c and the slip rings 13a, 13b, 13c constitute a power transmission mechanism.
  • the scanner rotating unit 100 has an X-ray generator 10 and an X-ray detecting unit 101 mounted thereon. The AC power from the AC power supply 11 is supplied to the X-ray generator 10 via the power transmission mechanism.
  • the X-rays generated from the X-ray generator 10 are irradiated on the subject 130, and the X-rays transmitted through the subject 130 are detected by the X-ray detection unit 101.
  • the X-ray generator 10 is supplied with AC power from an AC power supply 11 via a power transmission mechanism including the brushes 12a, 12b, 12c and slip rings 13a, 13b, 13c.
  • X-ray tube device 2 comprising an anode rotating mechanism including a stator coil 22 for generating power, and receiving AC power via the power transmission mechanism (in FIG. 4, brushes 12a, 12b, 12c and slip ring A power transmission mechanism comprising 13a, 13b, 13c), an anode drive device 3 for generating a three-phase AC voltage having a predetermined frequency and a predetermined voltage for generating a rotating magnetic field in the stator coil 22;
  • the voltage detector 4 for detecting the voltage applied to the slave coil 22 and the current detector 5 for detecting the current flowing through the stator coil 22, and the stator based on the detected values of the voltage detector 4 and the current detector 5.
  • An impedance calculating device 6 for calculating the impedance as viewed from the input side of the anode rotating mechanism including the coil 22; and an impedance calculating device at the start of rotation of the rotating anode (that is, when the slip of the motor of the anode rotating mechanism is 1). And an initial impedance storage device 7 that stores the value of the X-ray, and detects that the induction motor of the anode rotation mechanism has reached the most efficient rotation speed (steady rotation speed) and outputs an X-ray irradiation start command. An irradiation start determination device 8 is provided.
  • the X-ray high-voltage device 1 is mounted on a scanner turntable and is rotated at a high speed. For this reason, as an X-ray high-voltage device, a high-voltage transformer can be reduced in size and weight, and a high-voltage DC (tube voltage) applied between the rotating anode 23 and the cathode 24 of the X-ray tube 21 can be reduced. An impeller X-ray high-voltage device that can reduce pulsation is used.
  • This inverter type X-ray high-voltage device converts a commercial AC power supply into a DC voltage by a converter circuit, and converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage having a frequency higher than the commercial power supply frequency by an imperter circuit.
  • the AC voltage is boosted by a high-voltage transformer, the boosted AC high voltage is rectified by a high-voltage rectifier into a DC high voltage, and this DC high voltage is applied to an X-ray tube to generate X-rays. Be composed.
  • the three-phase AC power is supplied from the AC power supply 11 through a power transmission mechanism including brushes: 12a, 12b, 12c and sleep rings 13a, 13b, 13c. Entered into device 1.
  • anode driving device 3 generally needs a function of rotationally driving and controlling the anode in three operation modes, and the details have already been described in the prior art.
  • the X-ray lab system 10 when the X-ray lab system 10 is configured, the X-ray After the radiation has passed through the subject 130, it is detected by the detector 102 constituting the X-ray detector 101, and further amplified by the amplifier 103.
  • 13d is a slip ring mounted on the rotating part 100 of the scanner
  • 12d is a brush that transmits the X-ray detection signal output from the amplifier 103 while contacting the slip ring 13d
  • 110 is an X-ray detection transmitted from the brush.
  • An image processing device 120 that generates a tomographic image from a signal is an image display device that is connected to the image processing device 110 and displays the generated tomographic image.
  • a console including the scanner rotating unit 100 equipped with the X-ray generator 10 and the X-ray detecting unit 101, a bed on which a subject 130 (not shown) is placed, the image processing device 110, and the image display device 120.
  • the X-ray CT system is composed of a unit having (not shown).
  • the impedance is sequentially calculated, and this value and the initial impedance Z a0 stored in the initial impedance storage device are started to be exposed to X-rays. capture the determination unit 8 obtains these ratios, the impedances Z the as the current impedance corresponds to the steady rotational speed, determining whether the ratio between the impedance Z the as the initial I impedance Z a0 becomes a predetermined value I do.
  • the ratio of the said Z the as and Z a0 it is necessary to store in advance in the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8. If it is determined that the ratio of the Z the as and Z a0 becomes a predetermined value, and input from the X-ray exposure start determination device 8 the X-ray irradiation start signal to the X-ray high voltage apparatus 1, the The output voltage (DC high voltage) of the X-ray high voltage device 1 is applied between the rotating anode 23 and the cathode 24 of the X-ray tube device 2 to start X-ray exposure. At this time, the anode rotation speed is the set rotation speed (that is, the rotation speed almost matches the torque determined by the mechanical system of the anode rotation mechanism described above).
  • the torque for driving the rotating anode is smaller than the starting torque, so a low AC voltage of about 200 V is supplied to the stator coil (second operation mode). Then, the X-ray generator 10 and the X-ray detector 101 mounted on the scanner rotating unit 100 rotate integrally around the subject 130 while rotating at a fixed angle, and the X-ray of the X-ray generator 10 The subject 130 is irradiated with X-rays from the tube 21. X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube 21 are transmitted through the subject 130, detected by the detector 102 constituting the X-ray detection unit 101, and further amplified by the amplifier 103.
  • the amplified signal is input to the image processing device 110 via the slip ring 13d and the brush 12d mounted on the rotating unit 100 of the scanner, and the tomographic image obtained by performing the reconstruction process is displayed on the image display device 120. .
  • the X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube is terminated when the measurement of the data necessary for the reconstruction is completed, and a DC voltage of about 120 V is applied to the fixed coil to apply DC braking and stop the rotation of the anode (third part). Operating mode).
  • the engine speed has reached the steady-state rotation speed based on the ratio of the impedance at the start of startup and the impedance at the time of steady-state rotation, if the power supply voltage of the anode driving device 3 fluctuates, the initial impedance because the impedance of at steady rotation number which varies in both proportional to the variation of the power supply voltage, the ratio of the Z the as and Z a0 becomes not affected by changes in the supply voltage of the braking system three anodes.
  • the output voltage of the anode drive unit 3 may be increased, or the fluctuation of the commercial power supply voltage may occur. If the voltage fluctuates sometimes, the current increases almost in proportion to the increase in the supply voltage.
  • the use of impedance divides voltage by current, thus eliminating the effects of these variations. For this reason, not only the detection accuracy of the rotation speed when the anode has already been rotated, but also the detection accuracy of the rotation speed from the start of rotation of the anode to the predetermined rotation is improved. This makes it possible to accurately and easily adjust the standby time for X-ray exposure.
  • the initial impedance is calculated according to individual differences, aging, and types of X-ray tubes. Since it is possible to save the trouble of actually driving and measuring each X-ray tube in order to determine the set values such as power consumption, maintenance becomes easy.
  • the anode driving unit 3 of the power supply voltage les small, effects of changes in, if or if not affected, and stores the impedance Z the as o'clock steady rotation number in advance in the X-ray exposure start determination device 8 Place, impedance may be started X-ray irradiation to determine that it is now the Z the as.
  • the initial impedance storage device 7 becomes unnecessary, and the device configuration is simplified. Even in this case, since the measured impedance is a value obtained by dividing the voltage by the current, the variation is smaller than that of the electric power, and the same effect as above can be obtained.
  • the impedance is reduced as described above. Has no effect, and the number of revolutions can be grasped more accurately.
  • the voltage detector 4 is provided, a target value of the output voltage of the anode driving device 3 is used instead, and the impedance is calculated from the target value and the current value detected by the current detector 5. Even so, the same effect can be obtained.
  • the number of rotations of the anode is the most efficient.
  • X-ray irradiation is started by detecting that the rotation speed is good, so set the X-ray irradiation standby time to a value with a sufficient margin as before, and start X-ray irradiation. No need. As a result, the time from the start of rotation of the anode to the X-ray irradiation is shortened, and the throughput of the apparatus can be improved.
  • FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of an X-ray CT apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the X-ray tube apparatus, the X-ray irradiation determiner, and the X-ray generator of FIG.
  • the sequential phase current Ia is detected until the rotation of the rotating anode 23 accelerates and reaches the steady-state rotation speed, and the detected value and the initial current value Ia0 stored in the initial current storage device 7 'are calculated. uptake in the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8 ', the calculated ratio of I the as and I a0, becomes the current value I the as the current phase current value corresponding to the steady rotational speed, the current value I the as the initial It is determined whether the ratio with the current value IaO has reached a predetermined value.
  • the predetermined value of the ratio between the current value I as and the initial current value I aO at the time of the steady rotation speed is stored in the X-ray irradiation start determination device 8 in advance.
  • I the as and if the ratio of the I a0 is determined that you have reached a predetermined value the enter from the X-ray exposure start determination device 8 the X-ray irradiation start signal to the X-ray high voltage apparatus 1 X-rays are emitted by applying the output voltage (DC high voltage) of the X-ray high voltage device 1 between the rotating anode 23 and the cathode 24 of the X-ray tube device 2.
  • the X-ray generator 10 and the X-ray detector 101 mounted on the rotating unit 100 of the scanner form a body and rotate around the subject 130, and the X-rays of the X-ray
  • the subject 130 is irradiated with X-rays from the tube 21.
  • the X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube 21 are transmitted through a subject 130, detected by a detector 102 included in an X-ray detection unit 101, and further amplified by an amplifier 103.
  • the amplified signal is input to the image processing device 110 via the slip ring 13d and the brush 12d mounted on the rotating unit 100 of the scanner, and the tomographic image obtained by performing the reconstruction process is displayed on the image display device 120.
  • the initial current is maintained even when the power supply voltage of the anode driving device 3 fluctuates. Since the value and the current value at the time of the steady rotation speed both change in proportion to the power supply voltage fluctuation, they are not affected by the power supply voltage change of the anode driving device 3.
  • the current value I as at the time of the steady rotation speed is determined in advance by the X-ray irradiation start determination device.
  • Is stored in the 8 ' also starts the X-ray irradiation to determine the current value of the I the as may be continued.
  • the initial current value storage device is not needed. In other words, the device configuration is simplified.
  • the effect as an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus such as an X-ray CT apparatus is similar to that of the third embodiment, but the apparatus configuration is simpler than that of the third embodiment.
  • X-ray tube apparatus X-ray exposure determiner, and X-ray generator of the present invention are applied to an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus as an example applied to an X-ray CT apparatus.
  • X-ray inspection devices such as baggage inspection devices, liquid volume inspection devices, X-ray microscopes, and cardiovascular X-ray diagnostic devices using X-ray tube devices that have an anode rotating mechanism other than X-ray CT devices Needless to say, it is effective for use with X-ray diagnostic equipment.
  • the X-ray tube apparatus having the anode rotation mechanism is configured to perform the X-ray irradiation by detecting that the rotation speed of the anode has reached the most efficient rotation speed (steady rotation speed).
  • the standby time for X-ray exposure can be reduced elastically compared to the conventional method using the standby time for X-ray exposure, and the X-ray exposure can be performed during the acceleration when the anode does not reach the steady rotation speed. Since there is no radiation, the anode of the X-ray tube is not damaged and the life of the X-ray tube can be extended.
  • this X-ray tube device to an X-ray diagnostic device such as an X-ray inspection device or an X-ray CT device, it is possible to improve the throughput and reliability of the device.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil avec tube à rayons X (2), qui comprend un mécanisme de rotation de l'anode pouvant empêcher une détérioration de l'anode (23) dans l'appareil par réduction du temps d'attente d'exposition des rayons X. Lorsque le nombre de rotations mesuré d'une anode rotative est considéré comme un nombre préétabli obtenu uniquement à partir de données d'impédance ou de courant fondées à la fois sur des données de tension et des données de courant relatives à un (22) d'éléments constitutifs d'un moteur pour mettre en rotation l'anode rotative, un haute tension en courant continu produite par un (1) est appliquée entre l'anode (23) et une cathode (24) de, ce qui permet d'exposer un sujet (130) aux rayons X et de le radiographier. L'invention concerne en outre un générateur de rayons X et un radiogramme.
PCT/JP2003/000667 2002-01-25 2003-01-24 Appareil avec tube a rayons x, determinateur d'exposition aux rayons x, generateur de rayons x utilisant ces elements, et radiogramme WO2003063558A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/500,700 US7224768B2 (en) 2002-01-25 2003-01-24 X-ray apparatus with anode rotation number detecting means
EP03701870A EP1469709B1 (fr) 2002-01-25 2003-01-24 Appareil avec tube a rayons x, determinateur d'exposition aux rayons x, generateur de rayons x utilisant ces elements, et radiogramme

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002016892A JP4213894B2 (ja) 2002-01-25 2002-01-25 Ｘ線管装置及びこれを用いたｘ線発生装置並びにｘ線画像診断装置
JP2002-16892 2002-01-25

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WO2003063558A1 true WO2003063558A1 (fr) 2003-07-31

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US (1) US7224768B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1469709B1 (fr)
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EP1894292A1 (fr) * 2005-06-09 2008-03-05 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH Mesure sans capteur de la frequence de rotation d'un rotor d'une machine asynchrone
US9036785B2 (en) * 2009-04-22 2015-05-19 Shimadzu Corporation High-voltage apparatus, and radiation source and radioscopic apparatus having the same
CA2781094A1 (fr) * 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 Schlumberger Canada Limited Generateur compact de rayonnement
KR101370598B1 (ko) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-06 주식회사 포스콤 Ｘ선 튜브용 고전압 구동 장치
EP3351179A4 (fr) * 2015-09-17 2018-08-29 Shimadzu Corporation Appareil de radiographie
US11051388B2 (en) * 2018-06-30 2021-06-29 Varex Imaging Corporation X-ray tube diagnostic system including a circuit to generate a phase signal and/or an indication of a status of a motor
US11147151B2 (en) * 2019-05-07 2021-10-12 Shimadzu Corporation Rotary anode type X-ray tube apparatus comprising rotary anode driving device
CN110831309A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-21 南宁市跃龙科技有限公司 一种减小高频高压发生器输出的直流高压误差的方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20050226384A1 (en) 2005-10-13
EP1469709B1 (fr) 2011-10-19
EP1469709A1 (fr) 2004-10-20
US7224768B2 (en) 2007-05-29
JP2003217896A (ja) 2003-07-31
EP1469709A4 (fr) 2009-12-30
JP4213894B2 (ja) 2009-01-21

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