WO2003051087A2 - Heater provided with a compact thermostat - Google Patents

Heater provided with a compact thermostat Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003051087A2
WO2003051087A2 PCT/IT2002/000683 IT0200683W WO03051087A2 WO 2003051087 A2 WO2003051087 A2 WO 2003051087A2 IT 0200683 W IT0200683 W IT 0200683W WO 03051087 A2 WO03051087 A2 WO 03051087A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating means
resistive heating
heater according
electric
prong
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2002/000683
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2003051087A3 (en
Inventor
Valerio Bresolin
Original Assignee
Hydor Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydor Srl filed Critical Hydor Srl
Priority to AU2002353513A priority Critical patent/AU2002353513A1/en
Publication of WO2003051087A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003051087A2/en
Publication of WO2003051087A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003051087A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0202—Switches
    • H05B1/0213—Switches using bimetallic elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices

Definitions

  • Heater provided with a compact thermostat.
  • the present invention relates to a heater utilized in particular in aquariums, but also in other applications where it is necessary to heat a liquid at a predetermined temperature, such as in research laboratories or others.
  • Thermostats comprise a usually tube-shaped and watertight container inside which there are electric resistances for heating water and which are supplied by an electrical energy source.
  • Heaters also comprise a thermostat, that is a device able to maintain the temperature between prefixed values, more precisely the thermostat supplies the electric resistances in case the temperature drops below a minimum prefixed value and interrupts the supply in case the temperature exceeds a maximum prefixed value. Therefore, thermostats also comprise a thermal element sensitive to the temperature so as to feed or interrupt the supply of the electric resistances according to the temperature detected by the thermal element.
  • the heater comprises a thermal element of the bimetallic-type, that is a spring-bimetallic prong made of two layers of different materials, or better said, having different thermal dilatation coefficients so that, as temperature changes, the spring-bimetallic prong bends due to the ⁇ different dilatation of the two layers.
  • the free end of the spring-bimetallic prong has electric contacts which allow for the opening and the closing of the electric circuit in order to supply the electric resistances.
  • the spring-bimetallic prong operates both as an element sensitive to temperature and as a switch, namely it supplies or stops the electric resistances.
  • This solution although it works efficiently, has therefore some drawbacks due to the fact that the same element has many functions.
  • it is necessary to build various components both of mechanical and electrical types since, besides the spring-bimetallic prong it is also necessary to build all the electromechanical parts which have to be suitably mounted, so as to mechanically interact with the spring-bimetallic prong and to electrically interact with the supply circuit of the electric resistances.
  • the thermostat is then composed of many components, each built separately. If we consider that all parts have to interact with the same and sole element (the spring-bimetallic prong), it is evident that there are also difficulties in assemblying the different components.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to construct a heater wherein the drawbacks, cited with reference to the described prior art, are eliminated.
  • the heater has to be made of few components, so as to reduce the production time and costs for the various components, simplifying furthermore the subsequent mounting operation and, in addition, reducing the total time for the construction of the heater and its final cost.
  • the heater also becomes compact and, in an environment such as that of an aquarium, this is a particularly advantagious aspect.
  • the reliability of the heater correspondingly increases.
  • a heater in particular for aquariums of the initially described type, that is, comprising a watertight container wherein there is a resistive heating means and a thermostat for controlling the supply of said electric heating means, said thermostat including a thermal element sensitive to temperature, characterized in that said thermostat comprises an electromechanical device which interacts mechanically with said thermal element and electrically connected to said resistive heating means, said electromechanical device being able to supply said resistive heating means when the temperature detected by the thermal element is lesser than a minimum prefixed value, and to interrupt the supply when the detected temperature is greater than a maximum prefixed value.
  • the thermostat is composed of two parts: the sensitive element which detects only the temperature and an electromechanical device with the task to supply the resistive heating means or to interrupt the supply.
  • the electromechanical device is a microswitch.
  • thermostat so built are evident and they derive from the very simple construction of the thermostat; in fact, it is sufficient to buy in the market a microswitch at a low cost and of high reliability and mount it together with the spring-bimetallic prong. Besides a significant reduction in the construction time and cost, another advantage is the compactness of the heater, made possible by the small dimensions of the microswitch.
  • the spring-bimetallic prong does not contain electrical contacts any more, so it is possible to make the prong smaller. Therefore, the heater is compact and .more reliable.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal and exploded view of the heater according to the present invention:
  • FIG. 1 is a partially sectioned longitudinal view of the thermostat of figure 1;
  • FIG 3 is a schematic top view of the electric circuit.
  • a heater is entirely indicated with reference l ⁇ , which comprises a tube-like container 20 which contains inside a thermostat 30 which supplies a film-like electric resistance 50.
  • the thermostat 30 comprises a support 32 upon which a spring-bimetallic prong 34, a microswitch 36 and an electric- light bulb are mounted.
  • the microswitch 36 (see figure 3) is a device which has two electric contacts 36A,36B and a push button 36C which mechanically interacts against an inner electric switch (not visible in figures) electrically connected with two electric contacts 36A,36B.
  • the electric switch is usually opened, whereas by pressing the push button 36C the electric switch closes.
  • the spring-bimetallic prong 34 and the microswitch 36 are mounted so that the free end 34A of the spring- bimetallic prong 34 is able to mechanically interact with the push button 36C of the microswitch 36.
  • the thermostat 30 also comprises a printed circuit 40 of the PCB type (printed circuit board) on which there are conductive tracks 42 connected to the electric resistance 50, to the microswitch 36 (or better, its electric contacts 36A,36B), to the electric-light bulb 38 and to the two leads 44 which are connected to an electric energy source.
  • the electric connection is made so that the electric resistance 50 and the electric-light bulb 38 are supplied when the microswitch 36 is closed.
  • the spring-bimetallic prong 34 when the temperature of the spring-bimetallic prong 34 falls below a minimum prefixed value, the spring-bimetallic prong 34 is bent and the free end 34 A comes into contact and presses against the push button 36C of the microswitch 36 closing the inner switch and supplying the electric resistance 50.
  • the electric resistance 50 heats the means inside which the heater 10 is immersed and, consequently, the temperature of the spring- bimetallic prong 34 increases.
  • the spring-bimetallic prong 34 comes back to the initial position and its free end 34A releases the push button 36C of the microswitch opening the inner switch and interrupting the supply of the electric resistance 50.
  • the supply of the electric resistance 50 is visualized by the lighting of the electric-light bulb 38.
  • the above minimum and maximum prefixed temperatures of the spring- bimetallic prong 34 define a predetermined temperature range and they respectively correspond to a minimum and a maximum temperature value of the means inside which the heater is immersed, the last values define a range of temperatures similiar to the range which refers to the prong.
  • the thermostat 30 also comprises a rotating adjusting pin 46 having two ends: a first end 46A which comes out from the heater 10 and a second end 46B which acts against the spring-bimetallic prong 34. By rotating the first end 46A, the pin 46 moves along its rotation axis so varying the pressure force which presses against the spring-bimetallic prong 34. In such a way, it is possible to move upwards or downwards the required temperature range of the means inside which the heater 10 is immersed.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

In a thermostat, in particular for aquariums, comprising a watertight container (20) wherein there is an electric resistance (50) and a thermostat (30) for controlling the supply of the electric resistance (50), the thermostat (30) includes a microswitch (36) which mechanically interacts with a spring-bimetallic prong (34) sensitive to the temperature and electrically connected to the electric resistance (50) so as to feed said resistance maintaining the temperature of water between predetermined limit values.

Description

Heater provided with a compact thermostat.
*********
The present invention relates to a heater utilized in particular in aquariums, but also in other applications where it is necessary to heat a liquid at a predetermined temperature, such as in research laboratories or others.
Thermostats comprise a usually tube-shaped and watertight container inside which there are electric resistances for heating water and which are supplied by an electrical energy source. Heaters also comprise a thermostat, that is a device able to maintain the temperature between prefixed values, more precisely the thermostat supplies the electric resistances in case the temperature drops below a minimum prefixed value and interrupts the supply in case the temperature exceeds a maximum prefixed value. Therefore, thermostats also comprise a thermal element sensitive to the temperature so as to feed or interrupt the supply of the electric resistances according to the temperature detected by the thermal element.
A similar heater is described in international application No. PCT/EP95/01733 filed on 8 May 1995 in the name of the same applicant. In said PCT application the heater comprises a thermal element of the bimetallic-type, that is a spring-bimetallic prong made of two layers of different materials, or better said, having different thermal dilatation coefficients so that, as temperature changes, the spring-bimetallic prong bends due to the ^different dilatation of the two layers. As it can be noted both from the text and figures of the above-mentioned PCT application, the free end of the spring-bimetallic prong has electric contacts which allow for the opening and the closing of the electric circuit in order to supply the electric resistances. Substantially, the spring-bimetallic prong operates both as an element sensitive to temperature and as a switch, namely it supplies or stops the electric resistances. This solution, although it works efficiently, has therefore some drawbacks due to the fact that the same element has many functions. In fact, it is necessary to build various components both of mechanical and electrical types since, besides the spring-bimetallic prong it is also necessary to build all the electromechanical parts which have to be suitably mounted, so as to mechanically interact with the spring-bimetallic prong and to electrically interact with the supply circuit of the electric resistances. The thermostat is then composed of many components, each built separately. If we consider that all parts have to interact with the same and sole element (the spring-bimetallic prong), it is evident that there are also difficulties in assemblying the different components.
The aim of the present invention is therefore to construct a heater wherein the drawbacks, cited with reference to the described prior art, are eliminated. In particular, the heater has to be made of few components, so as to reduce the production time and costs for the various components, simplifying furthermore the subsequent mounting operation and, in addition, reducing the total time for the construction of the heater and its final cost.
In such a way the heater also becomes compact and, in an environment such as that of an aquarium, this is a particularly advantagious aspect. At last, by decreasing the number of the components, the reliability of the heater correspondingly increases.
The aim is reached by a heater, in particular for aquariums of the initially described type, that is, comprising a watertight container wherein there is a resistive heating means and a thermostat for controlling the supply of said electric heating means, said thermostat including a thermal element sensitive to temperature, characterized in that said thermostat comprises an electromechanical device which interacts mechanically with said thermal element and electrically connected to said resistive heating means, said electromechanical device being able to supply said resistive heating means when the temperature detected by the thermal element is lesser than a minimum prefixed value, and to interrupt the supply when the detected temperature is greater than a maximum prefixed value. So doing, the thermostat is composed of two parts: the sensitive element which detects only the temperature and an electromechanical device with the task to supply the resistive heating means or to interrupt the supply. In particular, the electromechanical device is a microswitch.
The advantages of such a thermostat so built are evident and they derive from the very simple construction of the thermostat; in fact, it is sufficient to buy in the market a microswitch at a low cost and of high reliability and mount it together with the spring-bimetallic prong. Besides a significant reduction in the construction time and cost, another advantage is the compactness of the heater, made possible by the small dimensions of the microswitch.
Indeed, unlikely other heaters, the spring-bimetallic prong does not contain electrical contacts any more, so it is possible to make the prong smaller. Therefore, the heater is compact and .more reliable.
These and other advantages of the present invention may be more evident by the following detailed description of an embodiment, given only for illustrative and not limitative purposes with reference to the enclosed drawings wherein: - figure 1 is a longitudinal and exploded view of the heater according to the present invention:
- figure 2 is a partially sectioned longitudinal view of the thermostat of figure 1;
- figure 3 is a schematic top view of the electric circuit. In figure 1 a heater is entirely indicated with reference lϋ, which comprises a tube-like container 20 which contains inside a thermostat 30 which supplies a film-like electric resistance 50.
From figure 2 it can be seen that the thermostat 30 comprises a support 32 upon which a spring-bimetallic prong 34, a microswitch 36 and an electric- light bulb are mounted. The microswitch 36 (see figure 3) is a device which has two electric contacts 36A,36B and a push button 36C which mechanically interacts against an inner electric switch (not visible in figures) electrically connected with two electric contacts 36A,36B. The electric switch is usually opened, whereas by pressing the push button 36C the electric switch closes. The spring-bimetallic prong 34 and the microswitch 36 are mounted so that the free end 34A of the spring- bimetallic prong 34 is able to mechanically interact with the push button 36C of the microswitch 36. The thermostat 30 also comprises a printed circuit 40 of the PCB type (printed circuit board) on which there are conductive tracks 42 connected to the electric resistance 50, to the microswitch 36 (or better, its electric contacts 36A,36B), to the electric-light bulb 38 and to the two leads 44 which are connected to an electric energy source. The electric connection is made so that the electric resistance 50 and the electric-light bulb 38 are supplied when the microswitch 36 is closed.
In so doing, when the temperature of the spring-bimetallic prong 34 falls below a minimum prefixed value, the spring-bimetallic prong 34 is bent and the free end 34 A comes into contact and presses against the push button 36C of the microswitch 36 closing the inner switch and supplying the electric resistance 50. The electric resistance 50 heats the means inside which the heater 10 is immersed and, consequently, the temperature of the spring- bimetallic prong 34 increases. When the temperature of the spring-bimetallic prong 34 reaches a prefixed maximum value, the spring-bimetallic prong 34 comes back to the initial position and its free end 34A releases the push button 36C of the microswitch opening the inner switch and interrupting the supply of the electric resistance 50.
The supply of the electric resistance 50 is visualized by the lighting of the electric-light bulb 38. The above minimum and maximum prefixed temperatures of the spring- bimetallic prong 34 define a predetermined temperature range and they respectively correspond to a minimum and a maximum temperature value of the means inside which the heater is immersed, the last values define a range of temperatures similiar to the range which refers to the prong. The thermostat 30 also comprises a rotating adjusting pin 46 having two ends: a first end 46A which comes out from the heater 10 and a second end 46B which acts against the spring-bimetallic prong 34. By rotating the first end 46A, the pin 46 moves along its rotation axis so varying the pressure force which presses against the spring-bimetallic prong 34. In such a way, it is possible to move upwards or downwards the required temperature range of the means inside which the heater 10 is immersed.
In order to limit the electric current intensity which passes through the filmlike electric resistance 50, it is better to use a resistance of the PTC type (positive coefficient temperature) wherein, as the current intensity increases, the resistance value also increases. In addition to the many advantages of the present invention cited above, it must also be considered that the spring-bimetallic prong, unlike other heaters, is not involved with the electric current flow at all which by "Joule effect" would warm the prong jeopardizing the correct fuctioning. It is evident that modifications or variations which are conceptually or functionally equivalent fall inside the protection field of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heater, in particular for aquariums, comprising a watertight container (20) wherein there is resistive heating means (50) and a thermostat (30) for controlling the supply of said resistive heating means (50), said thermostat (30) including a thermal element (34) sensitive to temperature, characterized in that said thermostat (30) comprises an electromechanical device (36) which interacts mechanically with said thermal element (34), and electrically connected to said resistive heating means (50), said electromechanical device (36) being able to supply said resistive heating means (50) when the temperature detected by the thermal element (34) is lesser than a minimum prefixed value and, to interrupt the supply when the detected temperature is greater than a maximum prefixed value.
2. A heater according to claim 1 , characterized in that said electromechanical device (36) comprises an electric switch which allows for the supply of said resistive heating means (50), said switch being mechanically operated by said thermal element (34).
3. A heater according to claim 2, characterized in that said themial element (34) acts onto said electromechanical device (36) closing said electric switch when the temperature detected by said sensitive element is lesser than a minimum prefixed value so as to supply said resistive heating means
(50) and, said thermal element (34) releases said electromechanical device (36) opening said electric switch when the temperature is greater than a maximum prefixed value thus interrupting the supply of said resistive heating means (50).
4. A heater according to claim 2, characterized in that said thermal element (34) acts onto said electromechanical device (36) opening said electric switch when the temperature detected by said sensitive element is greater than a maximum prefixed value so as to interrupt the supply of said resistive heating means (50) and, said thermal element (34) releases said electromechanical device (36) closing said electric switch when the temperature detected is lesser than a minimum prefixed value thus supplying said resistive heating means (50).
5. A heater according to claim 3, characterized in that said electromechanical device is a microswitch (36).
6. A heater according to claims 4 or 5, characterized in that said thermal element (34) is a spring-bimetallic prong (34).
7. A heater according to claim 6, characterized in that said microswitch (36) has a push button (36C) which mechanically interacts with said spring- bimetallic prong (34) and an inner switch onto which said push button (36C) acts, the electric contacts (36A,36B) of said electric switch being connected to said resistive heating means (50).
8. A heater according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a signalling electric-light bulb (38) which is supplied together with said resistive heating means (50).
9. A heater according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a printed circuit (40) of the PCB type (printed circuit board) on which there are conductive tracks (42) for connecting said electric contacts (36A,36B) of said microswitch (36), said resistive heating means (50) and said electric- light bulb (38).
10. A heater according to any of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a mechanical controlling device (46) which acts onto said spring-bimetallic prong (34) and able to change said minimum and maximum prefixed temperature values.
1 1. A heater according to claim 10, characterized in that said mechanical controlling device comprises an adjusting rotating pin (46) having a first end (46A) for the control and a second end (46B) which acts against said spring-bimetallic prong (34), by rotating said first end (46A) the pin (46) moves along its rotation axis thus varying the pressure force which exerts against the spring-bimetallic prong (34) and then varying said minimum and maximum prefixed temperature values.
12. A heater according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that said resistive heating means (50) are film-like electric resistances (50).
13. A heater according to claim 12, characterized in that said film-like electric resistances (50) are of PTC type (positive temperature coefficient).
PCT/IT2002/000683 2001-12-11 2002-10-28 Heater provided with a compact thermostat WO2003051087A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002353513A AU2002353513A1 (en) 2001-12-11 2002-10-28 Heater provided with a compact thermostat

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVE20010023 ITVE20010023U1 (en) 2001-12-11 2001-12-11 HEATER WITH A COMPACT THERMOSTAT.
ITVE01U000023 2001-12-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003051087A2 true WO2003051087A2 (en) 2003-06-19
WO2003051087A3 WO2003051087A3 (en) 2004-03-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2002/000683 WO2003051087A2 (en) 2001-12-11 2002-10-28 Heater provided with a compact thermostat

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AU (1) AU2002353513A1 (en)
IT (1) ITVE20010023U1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003051087A2 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1088084A (en) * 1965-02-11 1967-10-18 Belford Vaughan Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical immersion heating devices
DE7116278U (en) * 1971-04-27 1971-08-12 Montanus Potthoff & Co Electric heating device, especially for aquariums
DE2918242A1 (en) * 1979-05-05 1980-11-13 Baensch Tetra Werke Temp. regulated aquarium heater - has bimetallic strip controlled by setting of screwed cap, with threaded stem in contact with ball
US4379220A (en) * 1979-05-11 1983-04-05 Raychem Corporation Method of heating liquid
GB2284132A (en) * 1993-11-02 1995-05-24 Strix Ltd Thermal actuator controlled by relative expansion of parts of a heating element

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1088084A (en) * 1965-02-11 1967-10-18 Belford Vaughan Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical immersion heating devices
DE7116278U (en) * 1971-04-27 1971-08-12 Montanus Potthoff & Co Electric heating device, especially for aquariums
DE2918242A1 (en) * 1979-05-05 1980-11-13 Baensch Tetra Werke Temp. regulated aquarium heater - has bimetallic strip controlled by setting of screwed cap, with threaded stem in contact with ball
US4379220A (en) * 1979-05-11 1983-04-05 Raychem Corporation Method of heating liquid
GB2284132A (en) * 1993-11-02 1995-05-24 Strix Ltd Thermal actuator controlled by relative expansion of parts of a heating element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002353513A8 (en) 2003-06-23
AU2002353513A1 (en) 2003-06-23
ITVE20010023U1 (en) 2003-06-11
WO2003051087A3 (en) 2004-03-25

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