WO1999026072A1 - Capteur de vitesse - Google Patents

Capteur de vitesse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999026072A1
WO1999026072A1 PCT/JP1998/005169 JP9805169W WO9926072A1 WO 1999026072 A1 WO1999026072 A1 WO 1999026072A1 JP 9805169 W JP9805169 W JP 9805169W WO 9926072 A1 WO9926072 A1 WO 9926072A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
core
magnetic
detection plate
speed detector
magnetic flux
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1998/005169
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Makoto Naruse
Takatomo Hiruma
Kazunari Shibuya
Original Assignee
Sumtak Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumtak Corporation filed Critical Sumtak Corporation
Publication of WO1999026072A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999026072A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
    • G01D5/2013—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils by a movable ferromagnetic element, e.g. a core
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/488—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by variable reluctance detectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a speed detector used in vehicles such as railroads and automobiles, various automatic machines, machine tools, and the like, and detects the rotational speed of a power source and other power sources.
  • a speed detector used in a conventional vehicle and the like, for example, a speed detector having a structure as shown in FIG. 9 is known.
  • the speed detector shown in FIG. 9 is composed of a magnetic 'electric conversion unit 1' having a permanent magnet 2 ', a pole piece 3', and a coil 4 'wound on the pole piece 3'.
  • a detection plate 8 that rotates in accordance with the rotation of the measurement object. Further, the end face of the pole piece 3 ′ of the magnetic 'electrical conversion section 1 ′ and the end face of the detection plate 8 are arranged so as to face each other with a predetermined gap.
  • the concave portion 8b and the convex portion 8a formed at the ends also move, and the concave portion 8b approaches the pole piece 3 ', or the convex portion 8a approaches. .
  • the detection plate 8 is made of a magnetic material, as a result, the magnetic material approaches or separates from the pole piece 3 ′.
  • the magnetic flux is supplied from the permanent magnet 2 ′ to the pole piece 3 ′, but the magnetic material inside the pole piece 3 ′ changes when the magnetic material approaches or separates from the end of the pole piece 3 ′ . Therefore, the magnetic flux density passing through the coil 4 ′ wound around the pole piece 3 ′ changes, and an electromotive force is generated on the coil 4 ′.
  • This electromotive force usually appears as a sine wave or pulse wave, and its magnitude is proportional to the number of times the concave portion 8b and the convex portion 8a approach each other per unit time, that is, the rotation speed (frequency). Increase. Therefore, the rotation speed of the object can be detected by detecting the wave number (frequency) of the electromotive force from the coil 4 'and its magnitude.
  • these operations do not require a power supply or amplifying element, they can be used as sensors used in places where extremely high safety and reliability are required or where use under severe conditions is required. Useful.
  • the conventional speed detector operates as a single detector with the single magnetic-electric conversion unit 1 'in this way, the rotation direction is determined by using two signals with a 90-degree phase difference using this.
  • two separate magnetic-electrical converters 1 ′ are prepared, and they are opposed to the irregularities on the circumference of the detection plate by the interval of T (0. SinlZA) (T: (Interval, n: integer), and it was necessary to arrange the pole piece 3 'at an angle so that the center line of the pole piece passed through the rotation axis of the detection plate. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the magneto-electric converters 1A and IB are arranged on a mounting table 21 having a certain angle so as to appropriately face the end face of the detection plate 8.
  • a measuring unit case 22 and a device under test 23 are provided.
  • the size of the magnetic-electrical conversion unit 1 ′ is increased, the size of the case for storing the portion is increased. It is necessary to use a non-magnetic material for the case that houses the magnetic-electric conversion unit 1 ′, but the non-magnetic case material that is usually used has a large coefficient of thermal expansion. The gap of the output fluctuates, and the output voltage also fluctuates.
  • An object of the present invention is to reduce the gap variation due to thermal expansion with a small size, to take up a small space, to easily install and adjust, to obtain two phase difference signals with one detector, and to obtain high electromotive force.
  • An object of the present invention is to realize a speed detector having high reliability without disconnection. That is, the above object is achieved by the following configurations (1) to (7).
  • a disk-shaped magnetic body that rotates in synchronization with the object to be detected, and has, on its end face, a concave portion (8b) and a convex portion (8a) in the circumferential direction, and the concave portion (8b) Or a detection plate (8) for forming a magnetic path with the core (3) via a projection (8a),
  • the magneto-electric converter (1) is arranged so that an end of a core (3) faces an end surface of the detection plate (8) via a predetermined gap, and a concave portion of the detection plate (8).
  • Velocity detectors arranged as a pair at a predetermined interval corresponding to the interval between (8b) and the projection (8a).
  • the speed detector according to any one of the above (1) to (3) which is represented by and is arranged within the range of ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ .
  • the rotation of the detection plate (8) generates a voltage corresponding to a change in magnetic flux density corresponding to the concave portion (8b) and the convex portion (8a) by the rotation of the detection plate (8).
  • the speed detector according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein this voltage is equal to or higher than IV when the frequency obtained by the change in the concave portion (8b) and the convex portion (8a) is 30 Hz.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a basic configuration of a speed detector of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state where the magneto-electric conversion unit is housed in a case.
  • FIG. 3 is an external plan view of the mounting case.
  • FIG. 4 is an external side view of the mounting case.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing another configuration example of the speed detector of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an output waveform from the speed detector according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the electric / magnetic converter and the detection plate, and shows a state in which the core is arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the detection plate.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the electric / magnetic converter and the detection plate, and shows a state in which the core is arranged perpendicular to the rotation axis of the detection plate.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional speed detector.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which a conventional speed detector is arranged so that two phase difference signals can be extracted.
  • a speed detector includes a core that is a magnetic body having a U-shaped cross section, a detection coil that is wound on the core, and converts a change in magnetic flux density in the core into an electric signal, and an end portion of the core.
  • a magnetic-electric conversion unit having a permanent magnet that supplies a magnetic flux to the core; and a disk-shaped magnetic body that rotates in synchronization with an object to be detected.
  • a detecting plate that forms a magnetic path with the core via the concave or convex portion.
  • the magneto-electric conversion section is configured such that an end of the core has a predetermined gap therebetween. It is arranged so as to face the end face of the detection plate, and is arranged as a pair at a predetermined position corresponding to the interval between the concave portion and the convex portion of the detection plate.
  • a permanent magnet is arranged at the end of the core, and the end of the core is arranged so as to face the end face of the detection plate, so that the leakage flux is reduced.
  • the magnetic flux density passing inside the core increases, and the electromotive force increases.
  • two phase difference signals can be easily obtained.
  • the two cores can be arranged close to each other, they become an integrated speed detector, which makes installation and adjustment extremely easy. It also has a strong structure in terms of strength.
  • the size and shape of the core are not particularly limited as long as the core has a U-shaped cross section parallel to the magnetic path, and the end can face the end face of the detection plate.
  • the center-to-center size is about 5 to 30 mm
  • the depth from the end to the base is about 5 to 30 strokes
  • the maximum thickness is about 3 to 15 thighs.
  • this cross section is not limited to a U-shape in a strict sense, and may be a U-shape or a shape close to a C-shape.
  • the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the magnetic path of the core is not particularly limited, and may be circular or square, but preferably circular (including elliptical and the like).
  • the material of the core is not particularly limited as long as it is a magnetic material.
  • a material having a high magnetic permeability such as electromagnetic soft iron, calcium steel, permalloy, ferrite, and Fe—Co alloy is preferably used. it can.
  • the permanent magnet provided at the end of the core is not particularly limited as long as it can supply a magnetic flux for generating a necessary electromotive force, and its size and shape are arbitrary.
  • a column or a prism having a cross-sectional shape equal to the vertical cross-sectional shape of the core is preferable, and more preferably a shape equal to or slightly smaller than the cross-section of the core is preferable.
  • the permanent magnet needs to be arranged at least at one end of the core, but is preferably arranged at both ends of the core.
  • the magnetic flux density B of the magnet surface at this time is preferably about 1000 to 500 OGauss, and particularly preferably about 2000 to 4000 Gauss.
  • Examples of the magnet that gives such a magnetic field include Fe—Nd—B, Sm—Co, ferrite, and alnico. Among them, Fe—Nd—B and Sm—Co are preferable because a large magnetic flux density can be obtained. However, ferrite is preferred in terms of price.
  • cores having the same configuration are arranged as a pair in order to obtain two signals with a phase difference.
  • the mounting interval of the cores is not particularly limited as long as the interval is such that two signals with a phase difference can be obtained.However, the signals obtained from the two magneto-electric converters have a predetermined phase difference. However, it is preferable to arrange them so that two signals having a phase difference of about 90 degrees and 36 degrees can be obtained.
  • the magnets provided at the ends are arranged so that the same polarity is adjacent to each other, such as S poles and ⁇ poles, so that the magnets provided at the end portions do not overlap each other.
  • a coil is wound around the core for detecting a change in magnetic flux density inside the core.
  • the coil is divided and wound. By splitting the coil, more windings can be wound in one magnetic path. In addition, more windings can be wound around a portion having a large magnetic flux, and the electromotive force is improved. More preferably, the coil is wound close to the magnet. Since the magnetic flux is concentrated near the magnet, higher electromotive force can be obtained.
  • the winding used for the coil may be any wire used for ordinary coils, transformers, motors, and the like, and is not particularly limited, but preferably includes a polyurethane wire, a cement wire, and the like. be able to.
  • Good winding wire diameter Preferably, it is 0.06-0.1 awake, more preferably, 0.07-0.09 mm. If the wire diameter is too small, there is a risk of disconnection and the resistance will increase. If it is too thick, the coil will be large. Further, the resistance of the winding is preferably equal to or less than lk Q, and more preferably about 100 to 800 ⁇ .
  • the number of turns is preferably 500 turns or less, and more preferably about 2000 to 400 turns. When the number of turns is large, the coil becomes large, and when the number of turns is small, the electromotive force of the coil is reduced.
  • the detection plate is a disk-shaped rotator that is formed of a magnetic material and rotates in synchronization with the object to be measured. At the end, concave portions and convex portions are alternately formed in a gear shape. Preferred materials for the detection plate are the same as those for the core.
  • the size of the detection plate may be an appropriate size depending on the size of the object to be measured, the measurement accuracy, the required electromotive force, and the like, and preferably the module is 2.5 or less. Similar to the above, the number of concave portions and convex portions of the detection plate may be appropriately determined depending on required accuracy, electromotive force and other factors. It is preferably about 30 to 100, more preferably about 50 to 70.
  • the height of the recess is preferably at least 1 corrupt, more preferably about 3 to 2 ram.
  • the arrangement of the core with respect to the detection plate is preferably such that the U-shaped cross section of the core is parallel to the axial direction of the detection plate as shown in FIG.
  • both ends of the core are arranged at positions that simultaneously face the protrusions or recesses due to the rotation of the force detection plate.
  • the change in the magnetic flux density obtained by the convex and concave portions of the detection plate can be maximized, and the signal obtained from the signal has a greater amplitude than the conventional one.
  • the U-shaped cross section of the core corresponds to the rotation axis of the detection plate.
  • the magnetic flux density passing through the inside of the detection plate is reduced, and the increase / decrease ratio of the magnetic flux density due to the concave portion and the convex portion is reduced. I will. Note that h in FIG. 7 indicates the height between the concave portion and the convex portion, and FIG. 7 shows a state in which the convex portion faces the magneto-electric conversion portion (the end of the core including the magnet). I have.
  • the shortest distance between the convex portion of the detection plate and the magnetic-electrical conversion portion (magnet), that is, the gap is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 wake, more preferably 0.5 to 0.9 mm.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a specific configuration of a speed detector of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a case in which a magneto-electric conversion unit is housed, as viewed from a detection plate side.
  • the speed detector of the present invention comprises a core 3, two magnets 2a and 2b at both ends of the core, and coils wound around both arms 3a and 3b of the core. 4 a, 4, a core mounting flange 6, and a detection plate 8.
  • the core 3 has a U-shaped cross section parallel to the magnetic path, and has two arms 3a and 3b extending to the ends and a base 3 connecting the two arms 3a and 3b. has c.
  • the cross section perpendicular to the magnetic path is circular, making it easy to wind the coil.
  • columnar permanent magnets 2a and 2b each corresponding to the shape of the core are arranged.
  • the permanent magnets 2 a and 2 b are bonded to the end of the core 3.
  • the mounting flange 6 has four mounting holes identical in shape to the core 3, and the core 3 is fixed by inserting the arms 3a and 3b of each core 3 into these mounting holes. Then, place the two cores in the appropriate positions.
  • the mounting flange is provided with a terminal for wiring from the coil, so that wiring can be relayed.
  • Coils 4 &, 4 b are attached to the arms 3 a, 3 of the core 3.
  • the coils 4a and 4b can be wound directly around the arms 3a and 3b of the core 3, but in this example, PT / JP 8/05169
  • the material wound around the bins 5 a and 5 b is attached to the core 3.
  • the coil becomes compact, the leakage flux decreases, and more magnetic flux is captured. Can be.
  • the magnetic-electrical converters 1 A and IB combined by the mounting flange 6 are housed in the case 9 as shown in FIG. 2, and the tip, that is, the tip of the magnet, is located at almost the same plane position. Is adjusted as follows. The distance from this tip to the end of the detection plate 8, that is, the tip of the projection is adjusted so that the gap is about 0.1 to 1.5 mm.
  • the magnetic-to-electrical converters 1A and 1B are housed in a case 9 as shown in FIG. 2, and further mounted in a fixed case 11 as shown in FIGS.
  • the fixed case 1 1 has a mounting flange, and is mounted on a mounting table (not shown) for the DUT.
  • it has a lid 12 and a cable fitting 13, and the cable 14 is fixed by the cable fitting 13.
  • the material of the case 11 and the lid 12 is preferably a metal having a small coefficient of thermal expansion, such as pig iron. If the coefficient of thermal expansion is large, the gap greatly fluctuates, which may cause a failure.
  • FIG. 5 shows another example of the configuration of the speed detector of the present invention.
  • an auxiliary flange 7 is used in addition to the flange 6 for mounting the core.
  • the material and shape of the auxiliary flange 7 may be the same as those of the flange 6 described above.
  • a predetermined angle between the cores 3 can be provided.
  • a protective cover 9a made of a non-magnetic metal or the like is provided on the end of the core 3 to prevent intrusion of dust and the like.
  • Other components are the same as those in FIG. 1, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the speed detector of the present invention does not require a power supply and has a simple configuration having no amplifying element.
  • the speed detector of a vehicle such as a train or an automobile, an automatic machine, or a rotating body such as a motor or the like as a power source is used.
  • Suitable for speed detection In particular, they exhibit excellent performance in trains and automobiles that require extremely high safety and reliability and are used in harsh environments.
  • a speed detector having the configuration shown in Figs. At this time, S U Y material was used for the core material, and S m—C 0 was used for the magnet. A coil wire with a wire diameter of 0.08 cm was used, and it was wound for 300 turns, and two sets of one coil were prepared and attached to the arm of each coil. . At this time, the resistance value per coil was about 250 ⁇ or less. As the detection plate, a gear with module 2.5 and teeth with 60 was used, and the gap was set to 0.7.
  • the size is small, the fluctuation of the gap due to thermal expansion is small, It can be installed and adjusted easily without taking up any space, can obtain two phase difference signals with one detector, and can realize a highly reliable speed detector with high electromotive force and no risk of disconnection.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur de vitesse comprenant un coeur (3) tenant lieu de corps magnétique à section transversale en forme de U, des bobines de détection (4a, 4b) enroulées autour du coeur (3) et convertissant en signal électrique une modification de la densité de flux magnétique dans le coeur (3), une unité de transduction magnétoélectrique (1) à aimants permanents (2a, 2b) aux deux extrémités du coeur (3), et une plaque de détection (8) à corps magnétique en forme de disque en rotation synchrone avec un objet à détecter, des cavités (8b) et des protubérances (8a) séquentielles dans la direction de la circonférence à la face de bordure, sachant qu'un trajet magnétique est formé avec le coeur via les cavités (8b) et les protubérances (8a). L'unité de transduction magnétoélectrique (1) est placée de sorte que le coeur soit tourné vers la face de bordure de la plaque de détection via un entrefer prédéterminé, et placée en outre comme un ensemble à un intervalle prédéterminé correspondant à l'intervalle entre chaque cavité (8b) et chaque protubérance (8a) de la plaque de détection (8). Dans une telle configuration, ce petit capteur de vitesse très fiable, qui présente une force électromotrice élevée et une fluctuation réduite dans l'espace résultant de l'expansion thermique, peu encombrant et sans risque de rupture de fil, est facile à installer et à régler et peut fournir deux signaux ayant une différence de phase.
PCT/JP1998/005169 1997-11-18 1998-11-17 Capteur de vitesse WO1999026072A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9/333618 1997-11-18
JP33361897 1997-11-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999026072A1 true WO1999026072A1 (fr) 1999-05-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1998/005169 WO1999026072A1 (fr) 1997-11-18 1998-11-17 Capteur de vitesse

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1999026072A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0281468U (fr) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-22
JPH02107021U (fr) * 1989-02-15 1990-08-24
JPH0735573A (ja) * 1993-07-23 1995-02-07 Sensor Technol Kk 磁気式ストローク検出センサ
JPH09280887A (ja) * 1996-04-18 1997-10-31 Tamagawa Seiki Co Ltd 回転検出器

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0281468U (fr) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-22
JPH02107021U (fr) * 1989-02-15 1990-08-24
JPH0735573A (ja) * 1993-07-23 1995-02-07 Sensor Technol Kk 磁気式ストローク検出センサ
JPH09280887A (ja) * 1996-04-18 1997-10-31 Tamagawa Seiki Co Ltd 回転検出器

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