WO1989005577A1 - Procede et installation de traite - Google Patents

Procede et installation de traite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989005577A1
WO1989005577A1 PCT/DE1988/000765 DE8800765W WO8905577A1 WO 1989005577 A1 WO1989005577 A1 WO 1989005577A1 DE 8800765 W DE8800765 W DE 8800765W WO 8905577 A1 WO8905577 A1 WO 8905577A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
teat
milk
milking
negative pressure
gekenn
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1988/000765
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jörn Hamann
Original Assignee
Hamann Joern
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hamann Joern filed Critical Hamann Joern
Publication of WO1989005577A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989005577A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
    • A01J5/007—Monitoring milking processes; Control or regulation of milking machines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J7/00—Accessories for milking machines or devices
    • A01J7/005—Automatic vacuum shutoff at the end of milking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for withdrawing milk from the natural gland opening of a teat by means of a teat cup connected to a milk-draining system, by means of which a negative pressure which draws milk from the gland opening is applied to the teat.
  • the invention relates to a system for withdrawing milk from the natural gland opening of a teat by means of a teat cup connected to a milk-draining system / by withdrawing milk from the gland opening, the negative pressure being applied to the teat.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore that
  • This object is achieved in that the negative pressure acts on the teat for a preselectable period of time, the length of which is selected within the available milking time and is determined as a function of a desired milking frequency.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore to improve the milking installation of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that its use prevents damage to the tissue forming the teat.
  • this object is achieved in that a time-dependent sensor is provided for controlling the negative pressure.
  • the vacuum can be controlled so that it only acts on the teat for a limited time. This time is measured in such a way that damage to the tissue is avoided.
  • Such a milking system consciously dispenses with an elaborate milk flow control, with the help of which the so-called post-milking is also to be obtained.
  • this milking installation has the advantage that it has a freely selectable milking rhythm. Vacuum fluctuation, which creates an increased risk of infection during post-milking, is eliminated. If after the end of the respective action on the teat the teat cup has to be removed from the teat or has to be reattached again at the beginning of the next action, devices for automatic attachment of the teat cup are available for this purpose, so that frequent changes of the An additional workload hardly arises from the teat cup. In contrast, the system avoids the dreaded blind milking, which leads to tissue damage in a special way.
  • FIG. 5 a plan view of a stand of a cow with an automatic device for attaching the teat cup.
  • a milking installation for carrying out the method according to the invention essentially consists of a vacuum generator (1), a vacuum line (2), a milk collecting container C3), a milk line (4), a collecting piece (5), and a milk hose (6 ) and a teat cup (7).
  • An interior ( 8) is formed in this. It has a shaft (9) and a head (1o) with an air inlet (11) and a lip (12).
  • a teat (13) protrudes from the udder (14) of a cow into the interior (8) from above.
  • the teat (13) extends within the interior (8) of the teat cup (7) which surrounds the teat (13) with its shaft (9).
  • the teat cup (7) consists of an elastic material which adheres to the teat ( 13) due to a negative pressure acting in it.
  • the Sa 'mmel Culture (5) can serve units via the milk line (4), the circuit simultaneously as Mi Ichtransport for several Melkein ⁇ , with the milk-collecting container (3) the verbun ⁇ .
  • the milk can be removed from this via a drain, not shown.
  • a shut-off valve (15) is provided in each of the milk hoses ( 6 ) . With the help of this shut-off valve ls (15) it can be prevented that the negative pressure building up in the collecting piece ( 5 ) propagates into the interior (8) of the teat cups ( 7 ) .
  • the shut-off valves (15) can be operated electrically. For this purpose, they are connected via lines C16, 17 ) in an electrical circuit with a current source ( 18 ) .
  • This electrical circuit ends with sensors ( 19, 20) in the interior ( 8 ) of the teat cup (7).
  • These sensors (19, 20) can be, for example, opto-electronic scanners which control a pulse in the circuit if visual contact between the two sensors (19, 20) is prevented. The one created in this way 89/05577 _ & _ PCT / DE- . / 0-765
  • the pulse is processed via pulse generators (21, 22) to a current which is able to actuate the shut-off valves C15).
  • a vacuum sufficient for milking is generated with the vacuum generator (1).
  • the milking unit is connected to the vacuum generator (1) via the vacuum line (2) so that the vacuum can propagate into the teat cups (7).
  • the shut-off valves (15) are open in this phase. After placing the teat cup (7) on the teats (13), these can also be subjected to the negative pressure, so that the milk flow from the teat (13 ) can begin.
  • Sufficient air enters the interior (8) through the air inlets (11) so that the milk can be transported away in the direction of the milk collecting container (3).
  • the tissue of the teats (13) begins to regenerate. It forms inside the interior (8) back to its starting position, so that the sensors (19, 20) are released. These give a switching pulse, with the help of which the shut-off valves (15) are recently opened so that the air is sucked out of the interior (8) in the direction of the collecting piece (5).
  • the teat (13) thus comes under the influence of the negative pressure, so that milk emerges from the glandular openings ( 23, 24) and can be transported away into the milk collecting container (3).
  • the entire volume of the teat (13) can also serve as a measure of the stress on the tissue caused by the vacuum.
  • the diameter of the teat (13) can be scanned.
  • measuring instruments that work relatively precisely must be used since the diameter of the teat (13) changes only very slightly depending on the degree of its deflection.
  • the control of the vacuum times, on the one hand, and the relief times, on the other hand, correspond to the dimensions of the teat (13) projecting into the teat cup (7) and can be refined by measuring the parameters of the tissue loaded by the vacuum and using it to control the milking process. It is possible, for example, to measure either a biological or a biochemical, or a physical or an immunological parameter of the tissue. A very precise measurement method is based on measuring all four sizes together and using the measurement results to control the milking process. In a similar way, biological, biochemical, physical or immunological parameters of the milk can be determined and used to control the milking process. In this case too, all four measured variables can be determined and used for the control process.
  • the times in which the shut-off valve (26) is actuated are determined such that the tissue of the teats (13) is under the influence of negative pressure only for such a long time that a long-term change in the " tissue forming the teat (13) There is also a phase between two periods in which the negative pressure acts on the teats (13), which is so long that the tissue • has sufficient time to regenerate.
  • Such a control is also particularly suitable for carrying out the milking process with the aid of so-called two-room teat cups (28).
  • These consist essentially of a rigid sleeve (29) in which an elastic teat rubber (3o ) is fastened.
  • This teat rubber (3o) protrudes from the sleeve (29 ) with its head (31) adjacent to the udder ( 14).
  • the head (31) is the one Provided teat (13) receiving aperture (32) through which protrudes the teat (13) in one of the teat rubber (3o) UMSC lossenen interior space (33).
  • the foot end ( 34 ) is connected to the milk hose (6) in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the rigid sleeve (29) surrounds a cavity (36) through which the teat rubber (3o) extends.
  • This cavity (36 ) is connected to a pulse tube (38) via a bore (37).
  • This pulse tube (38) opens with its end facing away from the sleeve ( 29 ) into a pulse generator (39), which in turn is connected to the vacuum line ( 2 ) via a vacuum tube (40). With its end (41 ) facing away from the pulse transmitter (39 ), it opens into the vacuum line (2) at one point, which lies between the shut-off valve (26) on the one hand and the milk collecting container (3) on the other. In this way, the vacuum hose (40) and thus the pulse generator (39) are shut off from the vacuum of the vacuum generator (1) as long as the shutoff valve (26) is closed.
  • the pulse generator (39) is designed as a control device which is able to connect the pulse tube (38) either to the vacuum hose (4o) and the vacuum in it or to the pulse tube (38) via one to open the atmospheric opening (42) of atmospheric pressure into the pulse tubes (38).
  • the negative pressure prevailing in the cavity ( 36 ) acts on the teat rubber (3o ) in such a way that its walls (43, 44) towards the sleeve (29 ) .
  • the teat rubber (3o) is inner ⁇ half the interior det (33) so workedbil ⁇ that by him to be (23,24) ent from the glands flowing milk openings (6) in the direction of the milk hose filtered off with suction can.
  • the pulse generator (39) has introduced air of atmospheric pressure into the cavity (36) via the pulse hose (38)
  • the negative pressure prevailing in the interior (33) of the teat rubber (30) ensures that the walls (43, 44 ) collapse towards each other under the influence of the air pressure on them.
  • the two walls (43, 44) touch in the collapsed state and tie off the interior (33) relative to the collector piece (5).
  • the teat (13) is relieved of the negative pressure, so that no milk can be withdrawn from the glandular openings (23, 24).
  • the teats (13) are relieved or relieved of the negative pressure prevailing in the interior (33) in the constant change of the negative pressure or air pressure introduced into the cavity (36 ) by the pulse generator (39). These changes between vacuum on the one hand and air pressure on the other hand last until the shut-off valve (26) disconnects the vacuum hose (4o) from the vacuum generator (1). At this moment, the effect of the negative pressure in the interior (33) also ceases to have an effect.
  • the teat (13) tissue under the influence of negative pressure can now regenerate.
  • the constant change of the negative pressure introduced by the pulse generator (39) into the cavity (36) can be varied in different ways depending on the animal or based on other selection criteria. For example, it is conceivable to act on the teats (13) with changing pulse numbers. These pulse numbers can vary, for example, between 60 and 300 cycles per minute. In addition, however, it is also possible to act on the teat (13) with a pressure which pulsates, on the one hand, above and on the other hand under atmospheric pressure. Finally, it should also be remembered to act on the teat alternating between negative pressure, atmospheric pressure and excess pressure.
  • the time set on the timer (27) is such that the action of the negative pressure on the teats (13) only lasts as long as there has not yet been a long-term influence on the tissues.
  • the timer (27) can be programmed in such a way that - regardless of the use of one-room or two-room teat cups (28) - the negative pressure times (45) for a particular animal last a predetermined unit of time, for example one minute .
  • the timer (27) can also control the regeneration periods (46) between the negative pressure times (45) in such a way that they are equal in length to one another, for example five minutes. It should be borne in mind that if the negative pressure is used for a short time during the negative pressure period (45), the regeneration of the tissue takes place within a relatively short time, for example within minutes.
  • the vacuum times (45) are measured by the timer (27) relatively short with increasing time, while with increasing degree of. the regeneration periods (46) can be extended.
  • Such a succession of negative pressure times (45) and regeneration periods (46) takes into account the fact that with increasing teat (13) milking, the damaging device the timer (27) also control the influence of negative pressure if two-room teat cups (28) are used for milking. In this case, a pulsating negative pressure (47) acts on the teat (13) during the negative pressure time (45).
  • the duration of time on the teat (13) on the one hand and its regeneration on the other hand can be determined according to the criteria already mentioned. Just like the duration of the respective intervals, the number of intervals during which the teat (13) is acted on during a milking period can also be determined according to the criteria already mentioned, the soft volume or which individual dimensions the teat (13) has which parameters in biological, biochemical, physical or immunological terms she or the milked milk has.
  • the composition of the milk can also be determined, and the measured variables obtained can be used to control the milking process with regard to the length of the action on the one hand, the allocation of the regeneration times on the other hand and finally also the number of actions per milking time.
  • the timer (27) is also possible to program the timer (27) as a function of the respective milking animal. For example, the underpressure times (45, 47) in younger animals may last longer than in older animals. However, it is also possible to keep the time period for which the negative pressure acts on the teat (13) constant for all animals in a particular herd,
  • the negative pressure times (45, 47) can be adapt to the respective lactation phase of an animal.
  • the time during which the negative pressure acts on the teat (13) during the negative pressure time (45) can be longer for a high-lactating animal than for an animal that is approaching the end of the lactation period.
  • the milk flow is understood as a characteristic for the stress on the tissue. When the milk flow subsides, it can be assumed that the teat ( 13 ) tissue also loses elasticity in a corresponding manner and is steered in a manner that requires regeneration.
  • the regeneration periods (46) are short.
  • the regeneration periods (46 ) must be dimensioned to be relatively long in order to regenerate the tissue. In these cases, only a relatively small number of negative pressure times (45) can be applied to the teat (13) during a milking time.
  • the result is improved stimulation and udder health.
  • the timer (27) can be controlled manually. However, it is also possible to connect to the timer (27) a programming switchgear which controls the vacuum times (45) on the one hand and the regeneration periods (46) on the other hand according to a predetermined program. This program can be set up depending on the animal or herd.
  • the timer (27) depending on the lengthening of the tissue, for example by sensors (19, 20).
  • the vacuum times (45) are measured the shorter the faster the sensors (19, 20) signal an elongation of the tissue.
  • the timer (27) can also be controlled depending on the milk flow.
  • the system for automatic application of the teat cups (7) can be controlled in a similar manner as' the underpressure times (45) and regeneration periods (46).
  • the attachment of the teatcups (7) can be carried out by an encoder from the time ⁇ (27) constant controlled schedule the were ⁇ . It is also possible, however, to the plant's automati ⁇ attachment of the teat cups (7) in Abhotgigk t to control the tissue from the milk flow or the elasticity.
  • the sequence of the udders (14) to be milked can also be determined.
  • the negative pressure is distributed to the four teat cups (48, 49, 50, 51) of a milking machine attached with the aid of the system (25).
  • ER3AT2i4 ⁇ Milking can generally be carried out with a vacuum between 4o and 5o kPa, which is usually used. However, it is also conceivable to drastically lower the suppression, for example to values of 15 to 25 kPa. Such a lowering of the negative pressure with conventional i st.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et installation de traite. Le lait est extrait de l'ouverture glandulaire naturelle (232) d'un trayon (13) au moyen d'un godet à trayon (7) relié à un système de transport du lait et qui applique une dépression sur le trayon de façon à extraire le lait par l'ouverture glandulaire. Afin d'éviter des dommages éventuels aux tissus lors de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, la dépression est appliquée sur le trayon pendant une durée présélectivement dont la longueur est choisie en fonction du temps disponible pour la traite et de la fréquence de traite voulue. Pendant cette durée, la dépression peut être appliquée sur le trayon de manière constante ou pulsatoire. L'indice de pulsation de la dépression pulsatoire peut varier entre 60 et 300 cycles par minute, ou la pression oscille entre une dépression et la pression atmosphérique.
PCT/DE1988/000765 1987-12-17 1988-12-16 Procede et installation de traite WO1989005577A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873742742 DE3742742A1 (de) 1987-12-17 1987-12-17 Verfahren und anlage zum milchentzug
DEP3742742.3 1987-12-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989005577A1 true WO1989005577A1 (fr) 1989-06-29

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ID=6342795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1988/000765 WO1989005577A1 (fr) 1987-12-17 1988-12-16 Procede et installation de traite

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE3742742A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989005577A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8356576B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2013-01-22 Lauren Agri Systems, Ltd. Vent for milking liner
US8627785B2 (en) 2009-12-02 2014-01-14 Avon Polymer Products Limited Mouthpiece-vented teat cup inflation

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19521569A1 (de) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-02 Duevelsdorf & Sohn Gmbh & Co K Verfahren zum Melken von Tieren
SE9603377D0 (sv) * 1996-09-17 1996-09-17 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance A milking unit, a milking apparatus and a method for controlling such an apparatus
DE19812573B4 (de) * 1998-03-21 2008-12-24 Ludwig Bopp Melkzeug
DE10056224A1 (de) * 2000-11-13 2002-05-23 Christian Ahrweiler Zitzengummi mit Luftführung
EP4120826A1 (fr) * 2020-03-18 2023-01-25 DeLaval Holding AB Agencement de commande de traite et système d'extraction de lait

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2641223A (en) * 1951-06-07 1953-06-09 Plate Louis Van Der Control mechanism for milking systems
US2687773A (en) * 1953-07-14 1954-08-31 James A Brewer Milking machine timer
DE2453657A1 (de) * 1974-11-12 1976-05-13 Fritz Happel Verfahren zum milchflussabhaengigen beenden eines maschinellen melkvorganges
DE3609275A1 (de) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-24 Werner Ludwig Schmidt Verfahren zum maschinellen milchentzug

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2641223A (en) * 1951-06-07 1953-06-09 Plate Louis Van Der Control mechanism for milking systems
US2687773A (en) * 1953-07-14 1954-08-31 James A Brewer Milking machine timer
DE2453657A1 (de) * 1974-11-12 1976-05-13 Fritz Happel Verfahren zum milchflussabhaengigen beenden eines maschinellen melkvorganges
DE3609275A1 (de) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-24 Werner Ludwig Schmidt Verfahren zum maschinellen milchentzug

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8627785B2 (en) 2009-12-02 2014-01-14 Avon Polymer Products Limited Mouthpiece-vented teat cup inflation
US8356576B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2013-01-22 Lauren Agri Systems, Ltd. Vent for milking liner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3742742A1 (de) 1989-07-06

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