US3690389A - Method and an apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample - Google Patents
Method and an apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3690389A US3690389A US7789A US3690389DA US3690389A US 3690389 A US3690389 A US 3690389A US 7789 A US7789 A US 7789A US 3690389D A US3690389D A US 3690389DA US 3690389 A US3690389 A US 3690389A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cutting
- supporting
- sample
- hose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/04—Sampling of soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/06—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver having a flexible liner or inflatable retaining means
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A method and an apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample are described, by means of which the soil sample, which, during the introduction of a sampling tube into the soil, is surrounded by a hose, is supported substantially over its full length by means of a supporting tube which, after removing the sampling tube from the soil, is also used for transporting the sample to a laboratory.
- This supporting tube may consist of separate tube selections connected together by adhesive tape, so that the sample may be divided in easily transportable sections by cutting the adhesive tape and the sample.
- a lubricating liquid may be used, and the sample may be supported near the lower end of the sampling tube by means of a supporting liquid, both liquids being immiscible.
- the lower part of the sampling tube is provided with means for pinching off the sample, and the corresponding secton of the supporting tube is weakened so that it may be deformed correspondingly, said pinching means being provided with means for locking it in its extreme positions, and with means for transferring pressing and pulling forces.
- Means are provided for closing the upper end of the hose and for guiding this end coaxially with the supporting tube for allowing the lubricating liquid to be uniformly distributed around the hose.
- PATENTEBSEP 12 I972 SHEET 3 0F 3 INVENTORS: vM a 2M4,
- This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample, which apparatus comprises a cutting tube having a sharp cutting mouth, an annular chamber being disposed roundthe bottom end of the tube, in which chamber transversely resiliently stretchable hose may be arranged, which may enter into the interior of the sampling tube through a slot near the cutting mouth and may be carried along with the penetrating sample, as a result of which this sample is completely enclosed by the hose. Furthermore a supporting liquid may be used which may penetrate into this chamber at least in the vicinity of the slot, for keeping the hose free of the slot and for transversely supporting the sample at least near this slot.
- a lateral support of the sample is obtained by the static pressure of the liquid, which lateral support is supplemented by the supporting force which is a result of the fact that the lateral deformation of the hose is considerably reduced by the pulling force exerted thereon in axial direction.
- the method of I the invention is characterized in that a coaxial supporting tube is introduced into the cutting tube, which coaxial supporting tube extends up to the vicinity of the slot of the hose chamber and has an inner diameter which is only very little larger than the outer diameter of the sample surrounded by the hose, a lubricating liquid being introduced at the upper side of said supporting tube in order to fill the space between the hose and the supporting tube. Moreover, if necessary, a supporting liquid may be introduced into the interspace between the supporting tube and the cutting tube communicating with the hose chamber.
- the surface tension and the viscosity of the lubricating liquid and the width of the interspace between the supporting tube and the sample are chosen in such a manner that, as the sample enters the supporting tube, the lubricating liquid remains in said interspace, but a transverse inward deformation of the sample in consequence of the static pressure of said liquid or the expulsion of the liquid layer by the outward pressure of the sample are avoided.
- the lubricating liquid has a greater cohesion to the wall of the supporting tube than to the wall of the hose, and, furthermore, the lubricating and supporting liquids may be mutually repellant in order to prevent the supporting liquid from being carried along into the space between the supporting tube and the sample.
- the supporting tube comprises individual tube sections,.the length, of which corresponds to that of the cutting tube proper or to its extensions, said tube sections being placed together with their terminal faces against each other and being connected to each other in a sealed manner by means of an adhesive tape strip,
- the individual tube sections together with the sample portions present therein are separated from each other by cutting the adhesive tape strip, the hoseand the sample, and covering the cutting planes with a covering for transporting the sample portions to the laboratory,
- an exactly axial guiding force may be exerted on the closed upper end of the hose.
- the apparatus of the invention for carrying out this method is characterized by a separate rigid supporting tube which sealingly fits into a fitting provided in the cutting tube proper near the exit slot for the hose and which is coaxially supported in the cutting tube. Particularly the interspace between the cutting tube and the supporting tube near the exit slot for the hose may be connected to the interior of the hose chamber.
- the inner tube which defines the hose chamber at the inner side may be provided at the inner side with longitudinal grooves, the intermediate ribs thereof contacting the supporting tube, said grooves communicating, on the one side, with the interspace between the supporting tube and the portion of the supporting tube proper and its extensions above the hose chamber, and, on the other hand, with the lower side of the hose chamber.
- the passage through these grooves should be sufficiently wide for ensuring sufficiently wide for ensuring sufficient supporting pressure at the lower side of the cutting tube where only the supporting liquid is active.
- this inner tube may be a thin-walled tube abutting'against a cage consisting of longitudinal thin rods which may contact the supporting tube.
- these rods may be mounted in a lower fitting ring defining the exit slot for the hose, and their upper sides are mounted in an upper fitting ring defining the upper side of the hose chamber and being provided with recesses between the fixing points of the rods, saidrecesses communicating with the interspace between the cutting tube and the supporting tube above this chamber, and the ring portions between these recesses form guiding and supporting faces for the supporting tube.
- the upper fitting ring for the rods is secured in the cutting tube by means of a ball joint, and the lower jetting ring is separate from the cutting tube so that, as described in British Pat. No. 1,129,130 the exit slot is prevented from being shut off at a possible bending of the cutting tube.
- the lower fitting ring is provided with an inner shoulder forming the fitting for the supporting tube.
- the lower. edge of the lower fitting ring is outwardly and downwardly bevelled and forms, together with a ring which is'correspondingly bevelled at its outside and is secured in the cutting mouth portion of the cutting tube, the exit slot for the hose, the latter extending substantially tangentially to the entering sample.
- Thisufitting ring may, particularly, end in a thin resilient lip, and the adjacent inner wall of the fitting ring extends substantially parallel to it, so that, when the cutting tube is upset when pressing it into the soil, its slot width is not appreciably reduced.
- the supporting tube consists of separate tube sections, the length of which being about the same as that of the extensions of the cutting tube, which tube sections can be placed together with their terminal faces contacting each other, and the length of the lowermost tube sections fitting into the fitting at the lower end of the cutting tube corresponding to the length of the cutting tubeproper.
- the apparatus of the invention is provided with a flexible sleeve disposed above the hose chamber, said sleeve being fastened with both ends in a ring, the lower end of which is unrotatably connected to the lower cutting tube portion, and the upper end is coupled to a coupling tube which is rotatable but not slidable with respect to the cutting tube, which coupling tube may be firmly connected to the first extension tube in order to be able to distort said flexible sleeve by rotation of said coupling tube and thereby pinching the sample disposed within said sleeve, said upper ring and coupling tube being provided with locking means for maintaining said torsion sleeve in itw twisted position.
- the coupling between said coupling tube and the lower cutting tube portion comprises two grooves in the outer surface of the the coupling tube, which are symmetrically distributed over the surface and may have a length of arc of for example, which grooves are axially extended at their ends, and the inner wall of the cutting tube is provided with lugs fitting into these grooves, all this in such a manner that in their extreme positions the coupling tube and the cutting tube are non-rotatably coupled to each other, but are axially movable with respect to one another so that, in one extreme position, when this tube is withdrawn, transverse stopping faces of the coupling tube and the cutting tube proper contact each other for transmitting the axially directed compressive and pulling forces respectively.
- the locking is released by moving the extension tubes axially in opposite senses, whereafter the other extreme position can be reached by rotation.
- the coupling tube is brought in its pulling position, in which, during rotation, the uppermost ring which is coupled to this tube is carried along so that the torsion sleeve is twisted and is kept in the twisted position during pulling.
- the grooves in the cutting tube have such a helical shape that the coupling tube in being rotated is displaced over a distance which is about equal but is opposite to the free travel of the coupling tube between its pressing and pulling positions. In this way a further decrease in length may be obtained.
- the apparatus of the invention may be provided with a clamp to be fixed to the upper end of the hose and provided with guiding lugs which may bear against the inner wall of the supporting tube, in order to ensure that the upper side of the hose remains as symmetrical as possible with respect to the supporting tube, so that the lubricating liquid may-uniformly penetrate into the interspace between the hose and the supporting tube, the interspace between the lugs being sufficiently large for allowing an undisturbed passage of the lubricating liquid.
- said clamp comprises a circular disc which may be clamped, with interposition of the free rim of the hose, on a plug disposed within the hose, this plate being provided with guiding lugs. More specifically these lugs may be spaced from said clamping plate by means of substantially axial connecting pieces in order to interfere as little as possible the lubricating liquid from forming a film.
- a pin may be disposed in the center of and perpendicularly to the clamping plate, to which pin the drawing string may be fastened, this pin, near its free end, being provided with a number of guiding lugs bearing against the wall of the supporting tube.
- FIG. l shows a longitudinal section of a cutting tube according to the invention provided with cutting mouth, without the protective hose and the supporting tube;
- FIG. 2 shows a section on the line Il-II of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a view, partially in section, of the inner tube of this cutting tube with a supporting tube disposed therein;
- FIG. 4 shows a section on the line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 shows a section through the lower part of the cutting tube with a supporting tube placed therein during the penetration of a soil sample, as well as means for closing and guiding the end of the hose filled with the sample;
- FIGS. 6A and 6B show schematic developments of guiding grooves of a coupling part of the cutting tube.
- FIG. I shows a cutting tube 1 proper provided at one end, in the usual way, with a cutting mouth 2, which tube may be extended at its other end by means of extension tubes 3.
- annular hose chamber 4 is closed at its upper side, and ends at its lower end into a slot 6 extending substantially tangent to the inner wall 7 of the cutting mouth 2.
- the end wall 8 of this chamber is rounded so that the hose present in the chamber 4 can be lead out tangentially to the sample, as shown in FIG. 5.
- This construction is of current design.
- the inner tube 5 differs from the usual inner tube.
- This tube comprises an upper fitting ring 9 provided at its upper end with a more or less spherical thickening 10 which fits into corresponding seat 11 of the outer tube 1 so that the fitting 9 is adjustably held in the outer tube.
- the inner tube 5 comprises a lower fitting ring 12, the bevelled inner wall 13 of which defining the exit slot 6. Both fitting rings are connected to each other by a number of thin rods 14 made of stainless steel or the like. These rods 14 are fixed in lugs 15 which, as shown in FIG. 2, extend into the bore of the fitting ring 9 at the latters lower side, and are separated from each other by recesses 16.
- a thin-walled tube 17 of stainless steel or the like is disposed round the cage formed by these rods (FIGS. 3 and 4), said tube forming the inner wall of the hose chamber 4.
- the lower fitting ring 12 is suspended from the adjustable upper fitting ring 9, so that, from the occurrence of minor distortions of tube 1, the slot 6 is kept substantially symmetrically, in order to avoid the risk of the hose being pinched, as described in British Pat. No. 129,130.
- This tube 18 has a close fit in a seat 19 of the fitting ring 12.
- the inner diameter of tube 18 and that of the portion 20 of the fitting ring 12 contiguous to the seat 19 are approximately equal to the inner diameter of the end 7 of the cutting mouth so that, as appears from FIG. 5, the sample surrounded by a hose slidingly fits into the tube 18 and is laterally supported thereby.
- the lugs 15 in the upper fitting ring 9 have an interior circular inner wall, the diameter of which corresponds to the outer diameter of the supporting tube 18. Also at its upper end the fitting ring 9 is provided with interior lugs 21, the inner faces of which rest against the tube 18, with passages 22 lying between these lugs.
- the extension tubes 3 may be provided with such lugs too in order to maintain the supporting tube 18 co-axially and at a small distance from the inner wall of these tubes.
- the cutting tube 1 When using such a sampler, the cutting tube 1 is pressed into the soil in the usual way and is provided with extension tubes 3.
- The'supporting tube 18 comprises individual sections having a length approximately equal to that of the extension tubes. These tube sections are placed together with their terminal faces against each other, and are connected to each other by means of adhesive tape.
- the lower supporting tube which, as will be described below, slightly differs from the other tube sections, is inserted into the seat 19 of the fitting ring 12 and will, then, be supported by the lugs 15 and 21, as clearly appears from FIG. 3.
- a supporting liquid is poured into the interspace between the tube sections 18 and the extension tubes 3, which liquid will flow downwards through the recesses 22 and 16 through the interspaces between the rods 14.
- the supporting liquid will press the hose 24 in the chamber 4 and near the holes 23 outwardly. Since the hose is pleated around the tube 17 in the chamber 4, the supporting liquid cannot penetrate very much into this chamber. However, these pleats are fastened when pulling the hose through the slot 6.
- the hose is pressed by the supporting liquid against the rounding 8 so that the hose leaves the slot 6 substantially tangentially to the sample 25.
- the static pressure of the liquid in the complete cutting tube acts upon the exterior of the hose and the slot, so that, during its penetration from the cutting mouth wall 7 to the inner wall of the supporting tube 18, the sample is transversely supported at the location of the mouth of the slot.
- this supporting liquid needs only be active at the location of the slot 6, its composition may be chosen so that its pressure in that point is just sufficient for supporting the sample against lateral deformation.
- the supporting liquid has, in addition, to provide for an additional supporting pressure over the full length of the sample, so that, when the samples consist of layers having a considerably different compressibility, there is always the risk of the supporting pressure being locally too high or too low.
- the sample is completely supported by the supporting tube 18 so that this risk is avoided and the support supplied by the supporting liquid may be exclusively adjusted to the slot region.
- a lubricating liquid is injected into the tube 18 having such a viscosity, surface tension and other physical properties that it forms a thin film between the supporting tube 18 and the hose 24.
- the adhesion of said liquid to the tube 18 should be greater than to the hose 24 in order to prevent the liquid from being carried along as the sample penetrates.
- the coherence and thickness of the layer should be sufficient for preventing that the layer is pressed away as a result of a local radial pressure, and that the hose contacts the tube wall. On the other hand this layer may not be so thick that the static pressure of the column of liquid will act upon the hose.
- this lubricating liquid should be immiscible with the supporting liquid used, in order to avoid that the supporting liquid is carried along with the hose.
- the supporting liquid may be an aqueous suspension, the specific weight of which is adapted to the soil pressure to be counteracted.
- the lubricating liquid may be a lubricating oil type of liquid in which if necessary additional substances have been dissolved or suspended for adjusting the specific weight. As a matter of fact many other pairs of liquids may be used meeting the requirements.
- a clamp shown in FIG. is used. This clamp substantially comprises a plug 26 and a disc 27.
- the disc 27 is introduced into the inner tube, and then the hose 24 which has been pulled inwards through the slot 6 is folded between the disc 27 and the plug 26, which plug is subsequently connected to the disc 27 by means of a screw connection so that the hose is clamped between the plug and the disc.
- the disc 27 is provided with a plurality of lugs which are uniformly distributed over the circumference, the outer diameter of which lug assembly being equal to the inner diameter of the tube 18, so that the disc is accurately centered in the tube 18.
- the diameter of the disc 27 between the lugs 28 is smaller so that the lubricating liquid may enter the interspace 29 between the hose and the tube 18.
- the lugs are slightly offset with respect to the plane of the disc 27 as shown in F IG. 5.
- the disc 27 is connected to a rod 30 which,
- the sample In withdrawing the cutting tube from the soil, it should be avoided that the sample sags as soon as the soil pressure disappears. For that purpose it is custom ary to pinch off the sample near the cutting mouth.
- a resilient sleeve is used to that end, one end of which being fixed to the first extension tube, and the other end being coupled to the first extension tube, both tube portions being rotatably connected to each other.
- FIG. 1 such a pinching assembly isshown.
- the wall thickness of the supporting tube 18 has been reduced, e.g. by turning off the outside of the wall in said region, as indicated at 34. This renders the wall sufficiently yieldable for being constricted when being pinched. Thereby its radial stiffness decreases, but by the presence of the supporting liquid which is also present round the pinching assembly sufficient lateral support is ensured.
- the assembly shown in FIG. 1 comprises the usual torsion sleeve 35 which is clamped between two fitting rings 36 and 37.
- the upper fitting ring abuts against a shoulder 38 of the outer tube 1 and is coupled to a coupling tube 40 by means of one or more teeth 39, which coupling tube rotatably fits in the end of tube 1 and may be connected to the first extension tube 3.
- This coupling tube 40 is provided with two circumferential grooves 41 each spanning an arc of about lugs 42 provided at the inside of the tube 1 engaging these grooves.
- the ends 43 and 44 are axially extended and thus form locking seats for the lugs 42 as shown in FIG. 6.
- each lug 42 When the tubes are pressed down, each lug 42 is in the corresponding seat 43. In this position the sleeve 35 is untensioned, and the end face 45 of the coupling tube 40 may contact the fitting ring 37 as a consequenceof the axial extrusion of the end 43 of the groove, so that the pressing force exerted by the extension tubes on the coupling tube may be transmitted to the outer tube 1 via the shoulder 38.
- This situation is schematically shown in FIG. 6A in continuous lines. In this situation the lugs 42 are secured against rotation in the groove ends 43.
- the fitting ring 37 is engaged by the teeth 39.
- Theother fitting ring 36 is not rotatable with respect to the outer tube 1 so that the torsion sleeve 35 disposed between both rings is twisted.
- the coupling tube 40 is secured in the groove ends 44 by the lugs 42, so that the torsion sleeve 35 is held in its twisted position.
- the fitting ring 36 is, as shown, coupled axially slidably but non-rotatably to the tube 1, in order to allow for the decrease in length to which a short torsion sleeve is submitted when being twisted.
- the ring 36 is held in its extreme position by means of a snap lock 48 which snap lock will yield to a given pulling force.
- the grooves 41 may have a helical outline as'shown in FIG. 6B.
- the pitch of these grooves should be such that the displacement necessary for releasing a lug 42 from a groove end is recovered in rotating the coupling tube, so that the free travel between pulling and pushing may be reduced by about onehalf.
- the extension tubes 3 are successively unscrewed. Then, at the same time, the corresponding sections of the supporting tube 18 are separated from one another by cutting both the strip of adhesive tape connecting two tube sections and the sample inside the tube with the aid of a knife, whereafter the sample is covered with a plate. Then the sample can be transported in the tube section.
- the cutting can also be done with a cutting plate which, at the same time, serves as a cover plate.
- the cutting can also be done with the aid of a cutting thread which is connected to an electric direct current source for locally increasing the water pressure during the cutting as a result of the voltage difference, and, thereby, decreasing the intergranular pressure, causing the friction ot the cutting thread to be reduced.
- the lower fitting ring 12 may end into a thin elastic lip which, together with another substantially parallel lip in alignment with the inner wall 7, defines a slot, so that, when the outer tube 1 is upset during pressing, the width of the slot is not appreciably reduced, in order to avoid clamping of the hose.
- a tube provided with inwardly directed longitudinalribs may be used, which ribs serve the same purpose as the rods.
- a sup porting liquid is introduced into the hose chamber at least in the vicinity of its exit slot for keeping the hose free of the slot and transversely supporting the sample at least in the vicinity of said slot, characterized in that the supporting liquid is poured into the interspace between the supporting tube and the cutting tube, the latter communicating with the hose chamber.
- the method according to claim 1 characterized by the steps of extending, during the cutting, the supporting tube by supporting extension tubes disposed within the cutting tube proper, the length of said supporting extension tubes corresponding to that of the extension tubes of the cutting tube proper, said supporting extension tubes being placed with their terminal faces abutting each other and being connected to each other in a sealed manner by means of an adhesive tape, and after withdrawal of the cutting tube from the soil and the subsequent loosening of the extensions of the cutting tube, separating the individual supporting extension tubes from each other by cutting the adhesive tape and the sample, and covering the cutting planes with covering plates.
- the apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample comprising a cutting tube having a cutting mouth, an annular chamber disposed round the interior of the lower end of said cutting tube, into which a hose can be inserted, a sample tube arranged within said cutting tube, said annular chamber communicating with the interior of the sample tube by means of a circular slot disposed in the vicinity of said cutting mouth, fitting means disposed in the vicinity of said circular slot, and a detachable rigid supporting tube sealingly fitting into said fitting means, and being coaxially supported in said cutting tube, said sample tube defining said hose chamber and is provided at the inside with longitudinal grooves, the ribs between said grooves contacting said supporting tube, said grooves connecting the lower end of said hose chamber with the interspace between the supporting tube and the portion above the hose chamber of the cutting tube proper and its extensions.
- sample tube includes a thin-walled inner tube disposed round a cage consisting of longitudinal rods which contact said inner tube and the supporting tube.
- the rods of the cage are mounted in a lower fitting ring supported in the circular slot of the hose chamber and, at their upper ends, are mounted in an upper fitting ring supported in the inner wall of said cutting tube above said hose chamber, said fitting rings being provided with recesses between the fixing points of the rods, which recesses communicate with the interspace between the cutting tube and the supporting tube above said chamber, the ring portions between these recesses forming guiding and supporting faces for the supporting tube.
- the supporting tube consists of separate tube sections, the length of which being about the same as that of the extension tubes of the cutting tube proper, which tubes sections may be placed together with their terminal faces against each other, the lower tube section fitting into the fitting at the lower end of the cutting tube having a length corresponding to the length of the cutting tube proper.
- the apparatus according to claim 16 characterized by covering plates for the tube sections of the supporting tube by which the sample pieces present in these tube sections can be covered at the location of the connection between two tube sections after the sample has been cut through.
- the coupling between the coupling tube and the lower cutting tube comprises two grooves in the outer surface of the coupling tube, which are symmetrically distributed over the surface, and have an arc length of about which grooves are axially extended at their ends, the inner wall of the cutting tube being provided with two lugs fitting into a corresponding groove, all this in such a manner that in their extreme positions the coupling tube and the cutting tube arenon-rotatably coupled to each other, but are axially movable with respect to one another, so that, in one extreme position, when the cutting tube is pressed into the soil, and in the other position, when this tube is withdrawn, transverse stopping faces of the coupling tube and the cutting tube proper are capable of contacting each other for transmitting the compressive and pulling forces respectively.
- the apparatus according to claim 9 characterized by a clamp for closing the upper end of the hose and provided with guiding lugs which are connected to the clamp and which abut the inner wall of the supporting tube so that the upper side of the hose is held substantially symmetrically with respect to the wall of the supporting tube.
- clamp comprises a circular clamping plate provided with lugs, which plate, while interposing the free edge of the hose, may be clamped on a closing plug disposed within the hose.
- An apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample comprising a cutting tube operable for being pressed into the soil without rotation from the soil surface and having a cutting mouth at the lower end thereof, coaxial extension tubes removably connectable to the upper end of said cutting tube and extending uninterruptedly to the soil surface, the bore of said extension tubes being substantially equal to the bore of said cutting mouth and thereby to the diameter of the sample to be taken, an annular recess provided in the inner wall of said cutting tube in the vicinity of said cutting mouth, said annular recess being terminated at its lower end with a rounded annular groove, a coaxial inner tube disposed within said cutting tube so as to define with said annular recess an annular chamber for a hose communicating with the interior of said inner tube by a circular slot resulting between the lower end of said inner tube and said annular groove, a removable, rigid, sample support tube insertable into said inner tube, fitting means provided on said inner tube
- An apparatus according to claim 28 further comprising piercing means within said cutting tube, said extension tubes being rotatably connected to said cutting tube and operable for actuating said piercing means while said cutting tube is stationary due to the friction cause by the surrounding soil.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL6902019.A NL165553C (nl) | 1969-02-07 | 1969-02-07 | Werkwijze voor het steken van een ongeroerd grond- monster, alsmede inrichting voor het toepassen van de werkwijze. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3690389A true US3690389A (en) | 1972-09-12 |
Family
ID=19806090
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US7789A Expired - Lifetime US3690389A (en) | 1969-02-07 | 1970-02-02 | Method and an apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3690389A (xx) |
JP (1) | JPS5025403B1 (xx) |
BE (1) | BE745576A (xx) |
DE (1) | DE2005539C3 (xx) |
FR (1) | FR2032810A5 (xx) |
GB (1) | GB1304701A (xx) |
NL (1) | NL165553C (xx) |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4643265A (en) * | 1985-03-04 | 1987-02-17 | Norton Christensen, Inc. | Core barrel apparatus for disposing a core within a thin, flexible film casing |
US4989678A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1991-02-05 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Soil sampling kit and a method of sampling therewith |
US5419211A (en) * | 1989-02-11 | 1995-05-30 | Georg Fritzmaier Gmbh & Co. | Device for taking soil samples |
CN101256126B (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2010-09-22 | 浙江大学 | 无扰动土的压缩试验仪 |
CN101923012A (zh) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | 一种大深度土壤采样头 |
CN102095602A (zh) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | 一种土壤剖面采样器 |
CN102587900A (zh) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏省无锡探矿机械总厂有限公司 | 原状取土器 |
CN102720501A (zh) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 能保持原始地质层理信息的取心机构 |
CN102735499A (zh) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 双层复合软袋内翻外包取芯机构及钻取采样方法 |
CN102896651A (zh) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 天津博鑫隆塑管有限公司 | 塑料管、片材试样压制机 |
RU2501952C1 (ru) * | 2012-07-09 | 2013-12-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт космических исследований Российской академии наук (ИКИ РАН) | Грунтозаборное устройство |
RU2536746C2 (ru) * | 2013-02-14 | 2014-12-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева" | Устройство для отбора проб космонавтом с внешней поверхности космического объекта |
RU2618603C2 (ru) * | 2015-06-22 | 2017-05-04 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королёва" | Способ поиска и обнаружения микроорганизмов космического происхождения |
CN107131190A (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-05 | 广东工业大学 | 一种可伸缩扦样装置 |
RU2648654C1 (ru) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-03-27 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева" | Устройство очистки остекления иллюминаторов с внешней стороны космических объектов для использования космонавтом в скафандре в условиях невесомости |
CN108007712A (zh) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-08 | 宁波大学 | 一种固化土锯齿形环刀取样装置 |
CN108360975A (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-08-03 | 镇江市建科工程质量检测中心有限公司 | 一种适用于沥青路面的取芯钻及取芯机 |
RU2703208C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-10-15 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева" | Устройство для забора проб космонавтом в скафандре с внешней поверхности гермооболочки космического объекта |
CN111141546A (zh) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-12 | 广东佛山地质工程勘察院 | 一种土壤采样装置 |
CN113899585A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-01-07 | 首钢水城钢铁(集团)赛德建设有限公司 | 基于钢铁工业固体废渣的混凝土的取样设备及取样方法 |
CN114624054A (zh) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-14 | 潍坊市玉泉洼农牧科技有限公司 | 一种用于农业生产的土壤检测取样装置 |
CN114778180A (zh) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-07-22 | 蒋学科 | 一种土壤样本采集车 |
CN115788325A (zh) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-03-14 | 山西地科勘察有限公司 | 一种过采空区地质勘探用煤下铝矿钻探装置 |
CN117167000A (zh) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 山西地丘环境科技有限公司 | 一种地质勘察用取土装置及取土方法 |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2000824B (en) * | 1977-07-06 | 1982-05-19 | American Coldset Corp | Method and core barrel apparatus for obtaining and retrieving subterranean formation samples |
DE8915350U1 (de) * | 1989-02-11 | 1990-05-23 | Georg Fritzmeier GmbH & Co, 8011 Großhelfendorf | Gerät zur Entnahme von Bodenproben |
NL1015147C2 (nl) | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-15 | Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equip Bv | Grondmonsternemer. |
CN105606395A (zh) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-05-25 | 太原理工大学 | 一种用于填土土样的手动式机械齿轮取土器 |
CN107063741B (zh) * | 2017-03-31 | 2023-06-06 | 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心 | 一种原状土壤取样装置 |
CN108414269B (zh) * | 2018-02-26 | 2020-12-18 | 曼哈格检测技术股份有限公司 | 一种用于土壤重金属污染检测的快速取样装置 |
CN108519249B (zh) * | 2018-04-20 | 2024-05-07 | 吉林建筑大学 | 一种大型多段原状土取土器及取样方法 |
CN110426235B (zh) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-09-21 | 浙江海洋大学 | 土壤修复用土壤取样器 |
CN110763508A (zh) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-07 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | 原位热脱附土壤热采样装置和使用方法 |
CN114088918B (zh) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-02-27 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种煤系岩石相似材料试样成型与加载一体化装置及方法 |
CN114674591B (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-03-14 | 成都理工大学 | 原状岩土体取样装置及方法 |
CN114858517B (zh) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-09 | 山东省地质科学研究院 | 一种地质探测用非粘性土层钻进取样装置 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2927775A (en) * | 1957-12-10 | 1960-03-08 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Unconsolidated formation core barrel |
US2927776A (en) * | 1958-03-07 | 1960-03-08 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Coring apparatus |
US3511324A (en) * | 1965-04-14 | 1970-05-12 | Stichting Waterbouwkundig Lab | Method and sampler for taking an undisturbed soil sample |
-
1969
- 1969-02-07 NL NL6902019.A patent/NL165553C/xx active
-
1970
- 1970-02-02 US US7789A patent/US3690389A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-02-06 BE BE745576D patent/BE745576A/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-02-06 GB GB587370A patent/GB1304701A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-02-06 DE DE2005539A patent/DE2005539C3/de not_active Expired
- 1970-02-07 JP JP45010578A patent/JPS5025403B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-02-09 FR FR7004409A patent/FR2032810A5/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2927775A (en) * | 1957-12-10 | 1960-03-08 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Unconsolidated formation core barrel |
US2927776A (en) * | 1958-03-07 | 1960-03-08 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Coring apparatus |
US3511324A (en) * | 1965-04-14 | 1970-05-12 | Stichting Waterbouwkundig Lab | Method and sampler for taking an undisturbed soil sample |
Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4643265A (en) * | 1985-03-04 | 1987-02-17 | Norton Christensen, Inc. | Core barrel apparatus for disposing a core within a thin, flexible film casing |
US5419211A (en) * | 1989-02-11 | 1995-05-30 | Georg Fritzmaier Gmbh & Co. | Device for taking soil samples |
US4989678A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1991-02-05 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Soil sampling kit and a method of sampling therewith |
CN101256126B (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2010-09-22 | 浙江大学 | 无扰动土的压缩试验仪 |
CN101923012A (zh) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | 一种大深度土壤采样头 |
CN102095602A (zh) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | 一种土壤剖面采样器 |
CN102095602B (zh) * | 2010-12-30 | 2015-12-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | 一种土壤剖面采样器 |
CN102896651A (zh) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 天津博鑫隆塑管有限公司 | 塑料管、片材试样压制机 |
CN102587900A (zh) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏省无锡探矿机械总厂有限公司 | 原状取土器 |
CN102720501A (zh) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 能保持原始地质层理信息的取心机构 |
RU2501952C1 (ru) * | 2012-07-09 | 2013-12-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт космических исследований Российской академии наук (ИКИ РАН) | Грунтозаборное устройство |
CN102735499A (zh) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 双层复合软袋内翻外包取芯机构及钻取采样方法 |
CN102735499B (zh) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-07-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 双层复合软袋内翻外包取芯机构及钻取采样方法 |
RU2536746C2 (ru) * | 2013-02-14 | 2014-12-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева" | Устройство для отбора проб космонавтом с внешней поверхности космического объекта |
RU2618603C2 (ru) * | 2015-06-22 | 2017-05-04 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королёва" | Способ поиска и обнаружения микроорганизмов космического происхождения |
RU2648654C1 (ru) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-03-27 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева" | Устройство очистки остекления иллюминаторов с внешней стороны космических объектов для использования космонавтом в скафандре в условиях невесомости |
CN107131190B (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2023-02-07 | 广东工业大学 | 一种可伸缩扦样装置 |
CN107131190A (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-05 | 广东工业大学 | 一种可伸缩扦样装置 |
CN108007712A (zh) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-08 | 宁波大学 | 一种固化土锯齿形环刀取样装置 |
CN108007712B (zh) * | 2017-11-20 | 2023-12-12 | 宁波大学 | 一种固化土锯齿形环刀取样装置 |
CN108360975A (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-08-03 | 镇江市建科工程质量检测中心有限公司 | 一种适用于沥青路面的取芯钻及取芯机 |
CN108360975B (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2024-04-09 | 镇江市建设工程质量检测中心有限公司 | 一种适用于沥青路面的取芯钻及取芯机 |
RU2703208C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-10-15 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева" | Устройство для забора проб космонавтом в скафандре с внешней поверхности гермооболочки космического объекта |
CN111141546A (zh) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-12 | 广东佛山地质工程勘察院 | 一种土壤采样装置 |
CN113899585A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-01-07 | 首钢水城钢铁(集团)赛德建设有限公司 | 基于钢铁工业固体废渣的混凝土的取样设备及取样方法 |
CN114778180A (zh) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-07-22 | 蒋学科 | 一种土壤样本采集车 |
CN114624054B (zh) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-26 | 潍坊市玉泉洼农牧科技有限公司 | 一种用于农业生产的土壤检测取样装置 |
CN114624054A (zh) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-14 | 潍坊市玉泉洼农牧科技有限公司 | 一种用于农业生产的土壤检测取样装置 |
CN115788325A (zh) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-03-14 | 山西地科勘察有限公司 | 一种过采空区地质勘探用煤下铝矿钻探装置 |
CN117167000A (zh) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 山西地丘环境科技有限公司 | 一种地质勘察用取土装置及取土方法 |
CN117167000B (zh) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-02 | 山西地丘环境科技有限公司 | 一种地质勘察用取土装置及取土方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2005539C3 (de) | 1980-01-31 |
JPS5025403B1 (xx) | 1975-08-23 |
FR2032810A5 (xx) | 1970-11-27 |
DE2005539B2 (de) | 1979-05-10 |
DE2005539A1 (de) | 1970-09-10 |
BE745576A (nl) | 1970-07-16 |
GB1304701A (xx) | 1973-01-31 |
NL165553B (nl) | 1980-11-17 |
NL6902019A (xx) | 1970-08-11 |
NL165553C (nl) | 1981-04-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3690389A (en) | Method and an apparatus for taking an undisturbed soil sample | |
DE2545090C3 (de) | Vorrichtung zur lösbaren Befestigung eines Objekts an einem rohrförmigen Gehäuse | |
EP2665994B1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum einführen eines gegenstands in eine rohrleitung | |
DE2113817A1 (de) | Bohrkernaufholvorrichtung | |
DE2402070A1 (de) | Pruefgeraet fuer oelfuehrende erdformationen | |
DE1945793A1 (de) | Bohrrohrsatz mit mehreren Bohrrohren | |
DE2900643A1 (de) | Ueberdruckventil fuer bohrmeissel | |
DE2224953A1 (de) | Durch Flüssigkeitsdruck betatigbarer Abdichtkorper | |
DE2340389C3 (de) | Probennehmerlanze | |
DE2829579A1 (de) | Verfahren und kernrohrvorrichtung zur gewinnung und bergung von proben unterirdischer formationen | |
US2465848A (en) | Wire line stripper | |
US2541785A (en) | Coring device | |
EP0531336B1 (fr) | Carottier double pour forage devie | |
DE2518552A1 (de) | Zentrifuge | |
EP0305459A1 (de) | Blutentnahmevorrichtung. | |
DE1911064B2 (de) | Rohrklemmverbindung | |
DE202006010970U1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Entnahme von Fluidproben | |
DE291734C (xx) | ||
DE2838255A1 (de) | Sicherheitsventilanordnung fuer ein bohrloch | |
JP2527343B2 (ja) | 加圧式地盤試料採取装置 | |
DE626234C (de) | Geraet zur Entnahme von Proben aus der Seitenwandung von Bohrloechern | |
EP0847726A1 (de) | Blutentnahmevorrichtung | |
DE2408891C3 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Untersuchen einer Erdformation | |
US3203217A (en) | Forming of materials by extrusion | |
AT128187B (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden eines mit flüssigem Isoliermittel gefüllten Hochspannungskabels mit einer Kabelarmatur, z. B. einem Endverschluß oder einer Sperrmuffe. |