US3368098A - Shadow mask welded to frame at twelve points - Google Patents

Shadow mask welded to frame at twelve points Download PDF

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Publication number
US3368098A
US3368098A US436220A US43622065A US3368098A US 3368098 A US3368098 A US 3368098A US 436220 A US436220 A US 436220A US 43622065 A US43622065 A US 43622065A US 3368098 A US3368098 A US 3368098A
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United States
Prior art keywords
frame
shadow mask
distortion
screen
masking member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US436220A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert C Demmy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT522162A external-priority patent/AT233030B/de
Priority to DE19631426908 priority Critical patent/DE1426908A1/de
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Priority to US436220A priority patent/US3368098A/en
Priority to GB4695/66A priority patent/GB1140365A/en
Priority to DE1966R0042675 priority patent/DE1462908B2/de
Priority to FR51471A priority patent/FR1470260A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3368098A publication Critical patent/US3368098A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/06—Screens for shielding; Masks interposed in the electron stream
    • H01J29/07—Shadow masks for colour television tubes
    • H01J29/073—Mounting arrangements associated with shadow masks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic

Definitions

  • the preferred arrangement is one in which the mask is welded to the frame at twelve points distributed three on each side of the rectangle, with one weld at the midpoint of the side and the other two spaced closer to the corner than to the midpoint, at approximately two-thirds of the distance between the midpoint and the corner.
  • This invention relates to shadow mask color cathode ray tubes and particularly to the shadow mask electrode thereof and a method of fabricating the electrode.
  • Shadow mask cathode ray tubes usually comprise a mosaic screen of phosphor dots, electron gun means for exciting the screen, and a shadow mask electrode interposed between the gun and screen.
  • the shadow mask electrode usually includes a thin, multi-apertured sheet of metal disposed adjacent to, co-extensive with, and substantially parallel to the mosaic screen, with the apertures thereof positioned in a systematic relationship with dots of the screen.
  • a mask electrode In herein describing a mask electrode as being parallel to the phosphor screen, it is not intended to exclude a mask-screen spacing relationship which varies from parallelism by a controlled amount for the purpose of obtaining a desired register of the electron beams on the phosphor dots.
  • the mosaic screen and the shadow mask electrode are generally rectangular with rounded corners and outwardly bowed sides.
  • the major surfaces of the screen and mask electrode are curved, e.g., approximately spherically curved.
  • such a mosaic screen and shadow mask electrode will hereinafter be referred to simply as rectangular and curved, or domed.
  • One form of prior art rectangular, domed shadow mask electrode comprises a domed, multi-apertured, thin metal sheet mounted across a considerably heavier rectangular frame.
  • the frame is formed by a deep-drawing process.
  • the frame has an L-shaped cross-section with two flanges perpendicular to each other.
  • One flange of the L extends toward the screen and has its edge contoured to generally conform thereto.
  • the other flange of the L is substantially planar. Consequently, the width of the contoured flange varies along the length of the frame, thus giving the frame a non-uniform cross-section.
  • the shadow mask electrode comprises a rectangular frame of relatively thick material and archtively thin multi-apertured sheet metal masking member mounted thereacross.
  • the frame has an approximately L-shaped cross-section whose shape and size are substantially uniform along the length of the frame.
  • the four sides of the rectangular frame are curved so that they are substantially parallel to the phosphor screen.
  • the multi-apertured, sheet metal masking member is domed to also generally conform to the curvature of the screen.
  • the uniformity of cross-section of the frame reduces the distortion of the frame and masking member with changes in temperature.
  • Tests on shadow mask tubes using the improved masking member frame show the existence of another form of distortion which occurs invariably during the, warm-up period.
  • the color phosphor dot pattern of the screen mosaic is normally deposited on the face plate using the mounted apertured masking electrode in the conventional lighthouse process when the parts are at room temperature.
  • the electrons passing through the apertures in the masking electrode will impinge the desired phosphor dots at the beginning of operation of the tube.
  • the mask heats up by electron bombardment it expands much faster than the frame on which it is rigidly mounted because the frame is ten to fifteen times as thick as the mask and also has a smaller area exposed to beam bombardment. This causes the mask to dome out toward the mosaic screen.
  • this initial distortion produces no picture distortion.
  • the effect is to move the apertures radially inward relative to the color phosphor dots, causing misalignment of the beam electron paths with respect to the color dots.
  • the elec' tron spots were all centered on the phosphor dots under normal conditions, some misalignment due to mask distortion could be tolerated without producing color dilution in the picture, because the phosphor dots are about 16.5 mils in diameter compared with about 10 mils aperture diameter.
  • the spots are not all centered on the phosphor dots, so that very little misalignment can be tolerated.
  • This inward aperture distortion is arbitrarily called a negative distortion
  • the mask frame warms up and expands outwardly sufiicient to begin to overcome the initial negative distortion.
  • the distortion becomes positive as the frame expansion causes the apertures to move outwardly beyond the normal or aligned position.
  • the positive distortion increases with time up to a maximum after about ninety minutes. The positive maximum is roughly twice the negative maximum. Since this distortion is radial it could be corrected at any desired time interval by moving the deflection yoke of the tube axially. However, since both positive and negative distortions occur, any correction in one direction would increase the distortion in the other direction, and thus, be undesirable.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a domed shadow mask electrode which when heated by electron bombardment will undergo aperture position distortion substantially in only one direction during the warm-up period.
  • the apertured masking member of the shadow mask cathode ray tube is welded to its frame at not less than eight points and not more than fourteen points.
  • twelve welds are provided at spaced points distributed along the periphery of the mask electrode.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal view partially in section of a shadow mask color cathode ray tube embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shadow mask electrode of the tube of FIG. 1 with a part broken away;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are sections taken respectively along lines 3--3 and 4-4 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG, 5 is a graph showing the distortion of the shadow mask electrode with time during warm-up of the tube of FIGS. 1-4;
  • FIG. 6 is a sketch showing an arrangement of welds different from that of FIGS. 14;
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the mask distortion for the embodiment of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing the mask distortion in a tube having a masking member and frame of different materials.
  • a cathode ray tube It includes an envelope 12 having a central longitudinal axis AA.
  • the envelope 12 comprises a shallow bowl-like faceplate panel 14 sealed by a frit seal 18 at its open end to a mating open end of a funnel member 16.
  • the faceplate panel 14 comprises a rectangular, domed, faceplate 20 and a peripheral side-wall 22.
  • a domed, rectangular mosaic luminescent screen 26 comprising a multiplicity of elemental dot-like deposits of different color-emitting phosphors is disposed on the internal surface of the faceplate 20.
  • the screen 26 may be aluminized according to known techniques.
  • a shadow mask electrode 23 is disposed adjacent to, substantially co-extensive with, and approximately parallel to the mosaic phosphor screen 26.
  • the shadow mask electrode 28 comprises a cap-shaped domed, rectangular multi-apertured sheet metal masking member 30 telescoped with a rectangular frame 32.
  • a plurality of (e.g., four) electrode support studs 36 extend from the internal surface of the panel side-wall 22 at locations nearly midway between the four corners thereof.
  • a plurality of leaf spring support straps 40 are fixed at their one ends to the shadow mask electrode frame 32.
  • the support straps 40 are provided with suitable apertures near their other (free) ends into which the support studs 36 are received so as to provide a detachable, readily removable and replaceable shadow mask electrode 28 within the panel 14.
  • the spring support straps 40 are such that their apertured free ends may be depressed toward the frame 32 to permit the shadow mask electrode 28 to be mounted onto or removed from the studs 36. Such mounting of the mask electrode 28 is useful to permit quick removal and remounting of the mask electrode 28 during the manufacture of the mosaic phosphor screen 26 in accordance with known screening practices.
  • An electron gun assembly 42 is disposed within the neck portion of the funnel member 16, The gun assembly 42 is adapted to project a plurality of electron beams through the apertures 43 of the masking member 30 and onto the mosaic phosphor screen 26.
  • the frame 32 preferably comprises an endless strip of metal formed in a generally rectangular shape having two long side lengths 44 and two short side lengths 46.
  • the strip has a generally L-shaped cross-section which is of substantially uniform size along the strip.
  • the L is oriented with a transverse flange 48 extending inwardly toward the axis AA from the rear edge of an axial flange 50 extending toward the screen 26.
  • the cross-sectional uniformity of the frame 32 results in more uniform thermal expansion characteristics than exhibited by prior art deep-drawn, variable cross-section frames. Accordingly, with the frame 32 there is less undesirable distortion of the masking member 30 than is the case with prior art deep-drawn frames.
  • Each of the four sides of the rectangular frame 32 is bowed both outwardly (FIG. 2) away from the central longitudinal axis A--A of the tube 10 and along (FIGS. 3 and 4) the axis A--A toward the phosphor screen 26.
  • the bow of the four sides 44 and 46 of the rectangular frame is such as to dispose the forward (distal, or remote from the gun) edge 51 of the axial flange 50 substantially parallel to the phosphor screen 26, i.e., the curvature of the frame sides 44 and 45 conform generally to that of the faceplate 20.
  • the transverse flange 48 is non-planar.
  • the transverse flange 48 is formed at an acute angle 0 to the axial flange 50 so that the flange 48 is approximately parallel, that is, its major surfaces are parallel to the phosphor screen 26.
  • the frame 32 is of considerably thicker material than the masking member 30. It may be as much as about 15 or more times as thick.
  • the frame has been made of 0.093 inch thick material whereas the masking member has been made of 0.006 inch thick material.
  • a relatively thin masking member 30 is very desirable from a practical standpoint because it minimizes electron interception by the side walls of the apertures 43 therein.
  • the thin masking member 30 is sufficiently rigid to maintain its domed shape without external support.
  • the provision of a relatively thick, massive frame is highly desirable so as to provide a good heat sink to stabilize the operational temperature of the shadow mask electrode 28 and prevent temperature fluctuations and attendant dimensional fluctuations of the thin masking member 30.
  • the masking member and frame are both made of cold rolled steel which is relatively inexpensive, as compared with lower thermal expansion materials such as Invar.
  • the masking member 30 is cap-shaped, with an axially-extending peripheral flange 52 telescoped with the upwardly extending flange 50 of frame 32. It has been the practice in the past to spot weld the flange 52 to the outside of the frame 32 at a large number of points, say fifty or more, in order to attach the two together substantially continuously along the periphery thereof.
  • each weld is substantially at or below the midpoint of the overlap of the masking member 30 and frame 32, to permit slight radial movement of the masking member 30 away from the outer edge of the flange 50 on thermal expansion and contraction of the parts during warm-up.
  • the masking member 30 and frame 32 are manufactured with tolerances such that any inside dimension of the periphery 52 of the member 30 is equal to or up to 30 mils greater than the corresponding outside dimension of flange 50 of the frame 32.
  • the outer edge of the flange 50 is normally initially spaced a few mils from the adjacent surface of the periphery 52 of member 30.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the distortion of certain portions of the masking member 30 with time during the first ninety minutes of operation.
  • the ordinate is the measured radial movement, in mils, of the electron spots, caused by movement of the apertures 43, relative to the phosphor dots of screen 26, at various times after the tube is turned on, as measured at predetermined points on a 25 inch rectangular tube with deflection. These measurements were made at eight points on a circle 58 of seven inch radius shown on FIG. 2, at 12:00 oclock 1:30, 3:00, etc., positions.
  • the ordinate of each point on the curves in FIG. 5 is the average of the eight measurements at a particular time.
  • the dotted curve 60 shows the average aperture distortion during the first ninety welds.
  • the curve 60 which is the statistical average for a large number of tubes, shows the typical initial negative distortion to a maximum of about 1.8 mils, followed by a positive distortion leveling off at about 3 mils.
  • the solid curve 62. in FIG. 5 shows the average aperture di-tortion at the seven inch radius for a tube as shown in FIGS. 1-4 having twelve welds instead of the usual fifty. It can be seen that the drastic reduction in the number of welds entirely eliminated the negative distortion which usually occurs during the first fifteen or twenty minutes. The resulting distortion is all positive, representing only outward movement of the apertures. Although the positive maximum is somewhat higher for the improved mask than for the standard mask, this can be tolerated, or corrected for. By moving the deflection yoke axially, the aperture distortion can be made zero at any desired time, as for example, at thirty minutes, since there is no negative dip to contend with.
  • FIG. 7 shows the aperture distortion curve 64 obtained for a 25 inch rectangular tube identical to that of FIGS. 1-5 except for having twelve welds 66 arranged as shown in FIG. 6. As shown, instead of welding at each corner, the welds were located three on each side with one weld, at the midpoints and two at distances therefrom of 6 /2 inches on the long sides and 5 inches on the short sides. As shown in FIG. 6, the two outer welds are located at approximately two-thirds of the distance between the midpoint and the corner. Although the curve 64 shows a slight negative dip, the final positive maximum is little if any higher than for the standard tube, curve 60. Therefore, this arrangement is superior to that of FIGS. l-4 having the same number of welds. The reason for this is not known.
  • the present invention is useful in round tubes with large deflection angle, as well as in rectangular tubes.
  • the present invention resulted indirectly from tests I made on a similar tube having a frame 32 of Invar and a masking member 30 of cold rolled steel.
  • the lower solid curve 68 in FIG. 8 shows the aperture distortion measured for such a tube.
  • This curve shows an initial negative distortion even greater than for the standard tube (curve 60), having cold rolled steel frame 32 and maskingmember 30, followed by a partial decrease and leveling off at a negative distortion of about 1.0 mil after the low expansion Invar frame warmed up to its equilibrium operating temperature.
  • Examination of the mask electrode after such operation showed that the periphery of the masking member 30' adjacent to the frame 32 had become permanently distorted by buckling and crimping as a result of the constraint placed upon the masking member by the Invar frame.
  • a shadow mask cathode ray tube comprising:
  • said electrode comprising a rigid metal frame and a multi-apertured domed thin sheet metal masking member mounted across said frame,
  • said masking member including a peripheral edge portion attached to said frame at only twelve points located three on each side and spaced from the corners of the rectangle, one of said three points being located near the midpoint of the side and the other two points being located respectively nearer the corners than the midpoint of the side at approximately two-thirds of the distance betwen the midpoint and the corner.
  • a shadow mask cathode ray tube comprising:
  • said electrode comprising a rigid metal frame and a multi-apertured domed thin sheet metal masking member mounted acro;s said frame,
  • said masking member including a peripheral edge portion attached to said frame at a limited number of points, the portion of each of the four sides of said masking member between the corners thereof being attached to said frame at three points only,
  • one of said three points being located near the midpoint of the side and the other two points being locatedrespectively nearer the ends than the midpoint of the side at approximately two-thirds of the distance between 'the midpoint and the corner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US436220A 1962-06-29 1965-03-01 Shadow mask welded to frame at twelve points Expired - Lifetime US3368098A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19631426908 DE1426908A1 (de) 1962-06-29 1963-06-20 Kombiniertes Gegendruck-Kondensationsverfahren einer Dampf-Turbinenanlage zur geregelten Abgabe elektrischer Leistung und Bereitung von Heisswasser mit wattmetrischem Regelimpulsgeber in der elektrischen Kupplungsleitung zwischen Fremdnetz und Eigensammelschiene
US436220A US3368098A (en) 1962-06-29 1965-03-01 Shadow mask welded to frame at twelve points
GB4695/66A GB1140365A (en) 1962-06-29 1966-02-02 Improvements relating to shadow mask cathode ray tubes
DE1966R0042675 DE1462908B2 (de) 1962-06-29 1966-02-24 Lochmasken farbbildroehre
FR51471A FR1470260A (fr) 1962-06-29 1966-03-01 Tube à rayons cathodiques à masque d'ombre

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT522162A AT233030B (de) 1962-06-29 1962-06-29 Kombiniertes Gegendruck-Kondensationsverfahren einer Dampfturbinenanlage zur geregelten Abgabe elektrischer Leistung und Bereitung von Heißwasser mit wattmetrischem Regelimpulsgeber in der elektrischen Kupplungsleitung zwischen Fremdnetz und Eigensammelschiene
US436220A US3368098A (en) 1962-06-29 1965-03-01 Shadow mask welded to frame at twelve points

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US3368098A true US3368098A (en) 1968-02-06

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DE (2) DE1426908A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1140365A (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3479546A (en) * 1968-06-11 1969-11-18 Buckbee Mears Co Self-supporting shadow mask for colored tv picture tubes
US3553516A (en) * 1969-02-03 1971-01-05 Sylvania Electric Prod Weld distribution for shadow mask to frame assembly
US3777203A (en) * 1972-01-11 1973-12-04 Hitachi Ltd Color picture tube shadow mask of low carbon soft steel
US3808493A (en) * 1971-11-08 1974-04-30 Hitachi Ltd Low thermal coefficient shadow masks with resilient supports for use in color picture tubes
EP0004245A1 (de) * 1978-03-13 1979-09-19 Videocolor Bildröhre mit einer Lochschattenmaske für Farbfernsehen
EP0073654A2 (de) * 1981-09-02 1983-03-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Schattenmaskenanordnung und Verfahren zur Herstellung
DE3517401A1 (de) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-21 Rca Corp., New York, N.Y. Farbbildroehre, die einen schattenmaskenrahmen mit abgestumpften ecken hat
US4659958A (en) * 1985-09-24 1987-04-21 Rca Corporation Support means for use with a low expansion color-selection electrode
US4806820A (en) * 1981-04-18 1989-02-21 Alcatel Nv Mask-frame assembly and method of manufacturing the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU191700B (en) * 1984-08-01 1987-03-30 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Method and connection arrangement for increasing the efficiency of energy-spare plant operation based on the heat-storage capacity of district heating systems
NL8603055A (nl) * 1986-12-01 1988-07-01 Philips Nv Kleurenbeeldbuis omvattende een nagenoeg rechthoekig draagraam waaraan een schaduwmasker is bevestigd.

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2625734A (en) * 1950-04-28 1953-01-20 Rca Corp Art of making color-kinescopes, etc.
US2728008A (en) * 1953-04-21 1955-12-20 Rca Corp Color-kinescopes, etc.
US2806162A (en) * 1954-08-18 1957-09-10 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2846608A (en) * 1954-09-14 1958-08-05 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2897392A (en) * 1956-02-09 1959-07-28 Zenith Radio Corp Color television tube mask and frame assembly
US2922063A (en) * 1956-11-07 1960-01-19 Sylvania Electric Prod Target assembly for cathode ray tubes
CA633645A (en) * 1961-12-26 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Color television tube
US3038096A (en) * 1956-02-21 1962-06-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Color television tube

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA633645A (en) * 1961-12-26 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Color television tube
US2625734A (en) * 1950-04-28 1953-01-20 Rca Corp Art of making color-kinescopes, etc.
US2728008A (en) * 1953-04-21 1955-12-20 Rca Corp Color-kinescopes, etc.
US2806162A (en) * 1954-08-18 1957-09-10 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2846608A (en) * 1954-09-14 1958-08-05 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2897392A (en) * 1956-02-09 1959-07-28 Zenith Radio Corp Color television tube mask and frame assembly
US3038096A (en) * 1956-02-21 1962-06-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Color television tube
US2922063A (en) * 1956-11-07 1960-01-19 Sylvania Electric Prod Target assembly for cathode ray tubes

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3479546A (en) * 1968-06-11 1969-11-18 Buckbee Mears Co Self-supporting shadow mask for colored tv picture tubes
US3553516A (en) * 1969-02-03 1971-01-05 Sylvania Electric Prod Weld distribution for shadow mask to frame assembly
US3808493A (en) * 1971-11-08 1974-04-30 Hitachi Ltd Low thermal coefficient shadow masks with resilient supports for use in color picture tubes
US3777203A (en) * 1972-01-11 1973-12-04 Hitachi Ltd Color picture tube shadow mask of low carbon soft steel
EP0004245A1 (de) * 1978-03-13 1979-09-19 Videocolor Bildröhre mit einer Lochschattenmaske für Farbfernsehen
US4308485A (en) * 1978-03-13 1981-12-29 Videocolor, S. A. Shadow mask support in a color cathode ray tube
US4806820A (en) * 1981-04-18 1989-02-21 Alcatel Nv Mask-frame assembly and method of manufacturing the same
EP0073654A2 (de) * 1981-09-02 1983-03-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Schattenmaskenanordnung und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US4478589A (en) * 1981-09-02 1984-10-23 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of shadow mask manufacture
EP0073654A3 (en) * 1981-09-02 1983-08-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Shadow mask arrangement and method of manufacture
DE3517401A1 (de) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-21 Rca Corp., New York, N.Y. Farbbildroehre, die einen schattenmaskenrahmen mit abgestumpften ecken hat
US4599533A (en) * 1984-05-15 1986-07-08 Rca Corporation Color picture tube having shadow mask frame with truncated corners
US4659958A (en) * 1985-09-24 1987-04-21 Rca Corporation Support means for use with a low expansion color-selection electrode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1140365A (en) 1969-01-15
DE1462908B2 (de) 1971-06-03
DE1462908A1 (de) 1968-12-12
DE1426908A1 (de) 1968-12-12

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