US20120247619A1 - Carburized steel and its process of manufacture - Google Patents

Carburized steel and its process of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120247619A1
US20120247619A1 US13/064,686 US201113064686A US2012247619A1 US 20120247619 A1 US20120247619 A1 US 20120247619A1 US 201113064686 A US201113064686 A US 201113064686A US 2012247619 A1 US2012247619 A1 US 2012247619A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
steel member
carburizing
less
cooling
layer
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Abandoned
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US13/064,686
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English (en)
Inventor
Koji Obayashi
Keita Taguchi
Susumu Kato
Shuji Kozawa
Manabu Kubota
Yuji Adachi
Hirokazu Sato
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Aisin AW Co Ltd
Nippon Steel Corp
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Aisin AW Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Aisin AW Co Ltd filed Critical Aisin AW Co Ltd
Assigned to NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION, AISIN AW CO., LTD. reassignment NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ADACHI, YUJI, SATO, HIROKAZU, KUBOTA, MANABU, KOZAWA, SHUJI, KATO, SUSUMU, OBAYASHI, KOJI, TAGUCHI, KEITA
Publication of US20120247619A1 publication Critical patent/US20120247619A1/en
Assigned to NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION reassignment NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20Carburising
    • C23C8/22Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06Surface hardening
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C21D1/10Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/28Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/30Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/32Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80After-treatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/06Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

Definitions

  • heat treatment including the “carburizing treatment” and the “quenching treatment” will be expressed as “carburizing and quenching treatment” in a general meaning.
  • the “carburizing and quenching treatment” is used as a term including the conventional method in which the quenching treatment is performed right after the carburizing treatment, and the carburizing, slow cooling, and high-frequency quenching treatment. When a distinction therebetween is necessary, a description will be added as such necessity arises.
  • S forms MnS in the steel and is an element to be added in order to improve cutting properties of the material because of the formation.
  • the effect obtained by the content of S is saturated when the content thereof exceeds 0.15%, and rather causes grain boundary segregation, resulting in grain boundary embrittlement. Accordingly, it is necessary to reduce the content of S to 0.15% or less.
  • the content of S should be 0.001% or more when the lower limit is defined. A more preferable range is within the range of 0.005% to 0.06%.
  • the amount of Al is less than 0.005%, the effect of preventing the austenitic structure from being coarsened is not remarkable. Accordingly, when the lower limit is defined, the amount is set to 0.005% or more. A more preferable range is 0.02% to 0.04%.
  • the basic chemical composition further contain Ti: 0.005% to 0.2%, B: 0.0006% to 0.005%.
  • the basic chemical composition further include either or both of Nb: 0.01% to 0.3% and V: 0.01% to 0.2%.
  • Ni is an element useful for improving toughness
  • the effect is insufficient when the content thereof is less than 0.1%.
  • the content exceeds 3.0%, the effect is not only saturated but also causes an increase in hardness to deteriorate cutting properties of the material, so that it is necessary to set the range within 0.1% to 3.0%.
  • the most preferable range is 0.5% to 1.5%.
  • the surface carburizing concentration of the second portion of the steel member to be obtained that is, the portion where the diffusion rate is slower than that of the first portion and the carburizing concentration of the surface after the carburizing treatment is higher than that of the first portion can be restrained within the range of 0.85 mass % or less by performing the reduced pressure carburizing treatment under the above conditions. Accordingly, the surface carburizing concentration of almost the whole surface of the portion whose surface is to be modified by the carburizing treatment of the steel member can be set within the range of 0.55 mass % to 0.85 mass %.
  • thermal exchange rate is originally slow on either of the upwind side and the downwind side by reducing the pressure of the cooling gas, so that a difference in cooling rate is difficult to occur. Accordingly, when the reduced pressure cooling in which the pressure of the cooling gas is reduced is employed, occurrence of heat treatment deformation is rare because the cooling is relatively uniformly advanced. Furthermore, even when no agitating is performed at all, in the case of a reduced pressure state, a difference of the cooling rate due to the stagnating flow of the cooling gas at different temperatures can be reduced compared with the case of the atmospheric pressure.
  • the steel member on which the reduced pressure cooling step is performed can be restrained, and the steel member can be advanced to the quenching step while keeping the size accuracy to a high accuracy.
  • the effect becomes most remarkable when slow cooling in which the cooling rate is lowered is employed as a reduced pressure slow cooling step. Accordingly, the steel member can be less deformed and highly accurately formed even after the quenching is performed, by making use of the advantages obtained by the above quenching step using the high-density energy.
  • the heating with the high-frequency heating be performed on the steel members each flowing one by one, and that the steel member be cooled by spraying cooling water toward the steel member from the periphery while rotating the steel member during cooling after the heating.
  • the steel member can be cooled evenly when the cooling is performed, and occurrence of deformation can be further restrained.
  • the carburized steel members include drive system parts of vehicles. There are severe requirements to the drive system parts of the vehicles with regard to strength and size shape accuracy in addition to cost reduction. The above-mentioned manufacturing method is very useful to satisfy the requirements.
  • heat treatment equipment 5 for performing the carburizing step to the quenching step will be simply described.
  • the steel member 8 of the example is a differential ring gear and has a first portion (a carbon readily diffused portion) and a second portion (a carbon hardly diffused portion) whose diffusion rate of carbon entering during the carburizing treatment is different from that of the first portion because of the shapes.
  • the first portion is a tooth bottom 815 and a tooth surface 811
  • the second portion in which the diffusion rate of the entering carbon is slower than that of the first portion is a tooth tip corner portion 813 (a corner portion between the tooth surface 811 and a tooth tip 812 ).
  • the condition by which the surface carburizing concentration of the tooth bottom 815 , which is the first portion becomes within the range of 0.65 ⁇ 0.05 mass % was employed.
  • the energy amount to be input was set lower than that in a condition under which normal high-frequency heating is performed, and the treatment was performed for 26.8 sec, which is relatively a long time, so that the whole interior portion of the teeth profile portion 81 became a temperature within the range of 750° C. to 960° C.
  • the fatigue testing was performed by a power circulating gearwheel testing machine.
  • Module, pressure angle, torsion angle that are the specifications of a gear under test are 2.03, 18°, and 27°, respectively.
  • Test Nos. 31 and 32 of the comparative examples are examples in which similar treatment was performed on the SCM 420 of JIS, which is conventional steel. Hardness unevenness occurred in the comparative examples because both of Cr and Mo were included and the compositions were not optimized. Furthermore, it becomes apparent, from comparison between the examples and the comparative examples, that the carburized steel members of the examples have excellent dedendum fatigue strength and other properties equivalent to or superior than those of conventional Cr—Mo alloy steel even when the contents of Cr and Mo are reduced to reduce the material cost.
  • the third layer S 3 is located inside the second layer S 2 , and the carbon concentration is 0.1 mass % to 0.4 mass %, that is, the carbon concentration of the base material (within the range of the basic chemical composition), and is a layer including no martensitic structure. It was confirmed that the third layer S 3 existed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
US13/064,686 2010-03-30 2011-04-08 Carburized steel and its process of manufacture Abandoned US20120247619A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010079437 2010-03-30
PCT/JP2011/057935 WO2011122651A1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2011-03-30 Elément d'acier cémenté et procédé de production de celui-ci

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US (1) US20120247619A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2505684B1 (fr)
JP (3) JP5422045B2 (fr)
KR (3) KR20140143460A (fr)
CN (2) CN102770567B (fr)
RU (2) RU2507298C1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2011122651A1 (fr)

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US8733199B2 (en) 2010-04-01 2014-05-27 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Gears and its process of manufacture
US20140178242A1 (en) * 2011-05-19 2014-06-26 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Non-post-heat treated steel and non-post-heat treated steel member
US20160245367A1 (en) * 2013-12-04 2016-08-25 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Chain element
US20190022798A1 (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-24 Ford Motor Company Localized tempering of carburized steel
US10584812B2 (en) 2008-05-07 2020-03-10 Globalmed, Inc. Stretch hose and hose production method
US10792454B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2020-10-06 Globalmed, Inc. Heated respiratory hose assembly
US10859188B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2020-12-08 Globalmed, Inc. Stretch hose and hose production method
US10889870B2 (en) 2016-03-08 2021-01-12 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Steel component, gear component, and producing method for steel component
CN113631746A (zh) * 2019-03-29 2021-11-09 日本制铁株式会社 渗碳部件及其制造方法
CN116751952A (zh) * 2023-08-01 2023-09-15 重庆大学 一种中锰钢板的热处理方法

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JP5648663B2 (ja) * 2012-09-20 2015-01-07 センサ・システム株式会社 焼入れ硬化層厚さの検査装置及びニッケルめっき皮膜厚さの検査装置
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JP6185829B2 (ja) * 2013-12-11 2017-08-23 住友重機械工業株式会社 偏心揺動型減速装置のクランク軸および外歯歯車の製造方法
JP6287656B2 (ja) * 2014-07-14 2018-03-07 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 プラネタリキャリアの製造方法及びプラネタリキャリア
JP6519282B2 (ja) * 2015-03-31 2019-05-29 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 リングギヤの製造方法及びリングギヤ
JP6788817B2 (ja) * 2015-10-14 2020-11-25 大同特殊鋼株式会社 真空浸炭窒化部品の製造方法
US10774413B2 (en) * 2015-11-11 2020-09-15 Honeywell International Inc. Low pressure induction carburization
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JP6680406B1 (ja) * 2019-01-10 2020-04-15 日本製鉄株式会社 機械部品及び機械部品の製造方法
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US8733199B2 (en) 2010-04-01 2014-05-27 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Gears and its process of manufacture
US20140178242A1 (en) * 2011-05-19 2014-06-26 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Non-post-heat treated steel and non-post-heat treated steel member
US10087510B2 (en) * 2011-05-19 2018-10-02 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Non-post-heat treated steel and non-post-heat treated steel member
US20160245367A1 (en) * 2013-12-04 2016-08-25 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Chain element
US11035436B2 (en) * 2013-12-04 2021-06-15 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Chain element
US10889870B2 (en) 2016-03-08 2021-01-12 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Steel component, gear component, and producing method for steel component
US10792454B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2020-10-06 Globalmed, Inc. Heated respiratory hose assembly
US11052214B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2021-07-06 Globalmed, Inc. Heated respiratory hose wiring
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CN113631746A (zh) * 2019-03-29 2021-11-09 日本制铁株式会社 渗碳部件及其制造方法
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KR20120102160A (ko) 2012-09-17
CN102770569A (zh) 2012-11-07
RU2012134191A (ru) 2014-02-20
EP2505684A1 (fr) 2012-10-03
JP5301728B2 (ja) 2013-09-25
EP2546381A4 (fr) 2016-12-21
WO2011122650A1 (fr) 2011-10-06
KR20120102159A (ko) 2012-09-17
RU2507298C1 (ru) 2014-02-20
WO2011122651A1 (fr) 2011-10-06
JP5842895B2 (ja) 2016-01-13
CN102770567B (zh) 2015-02-18
EP2505684B1 (fr) 2018-05-16
JP5422045B2 (ja) 2014-02-19
JP2014077198A (ja) 2014-05-01
EP2546381B1 (fr) 2018-05-02
JPWO2011122651A1 (ja) 2013-07-08
CN102770569B (zh) 2014-03-12
CN102770567A (zh) 2012-11-07
RU2518840C2 (ru) 2014-06-10
JPWO2011122650A1 (ja) 2013-07-08
KR20140143460A (ko) 2014-12-16
KR101559616B1 (ko) 2015-10-13
EP2546381A1 (fr) 2013-01-16
EP2505684A4 (fr) 2016-12-21

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