US20120100021A1 - Hermetic compressor - Google Patents

Hermetic compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120100021A1
US20120100021A1 US13/247,395 US201113247395A US2012100021A1 US 20120100021 A1 US20120100021 A1 US 20120100021A1 US 201113247395 A US201113247395 A US 201113247395A US 2012100021 A1 US2012100021 A1 US 2012100021A1
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Prior art keywords
shaft
thrust
thrust surface
hermetic compressor
center axis
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US13/247,395
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English (en)
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Jun Sato
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Panasonic Corp
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Panasonic Corp
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Publication of US20120100021A1 publication Critical patent/US20120100021A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0284—Constructional details, e.g. reservoirs in the casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hermetic compressor used in a refrigeration cycle of, e.g. a refrigerator.
  • a hermetic compressor includes a hermetic container, a block which is a support frame, a compression element, and a motor element.
  • the compression element is disposed above the block in the hermetic container while the motor element is disposed under the block in the hermetic container.
  • a shaft having a rotor of the motor element fixed thereto is rotatably supported by a bearing disposed substantially at the center of the block.
  • the shaft rotates to transmit a driving force from the motor element to the compression element.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of conventional hermetic compressor 500 .
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of block 9 of hermetic compressor 500 .
  • Hermetic compressor 500 includes hermetic container 1 and shaft 2 .
  • Shaft 2 is press-fitted into rotor 3 .
  • Rotor 3 and stator 4 constitute a motor which is a motor element.
  • connecting rod 5 is connected to crank pin 11 which is an eccentric portion of shaft 2 .
  • Piston pin 8 is connected to the other end of connecting rod 5 and is fixed to piston 7 .
  • Connection rod 5 , piston pin 8 , piston 7 , and cylinder 6 constitute a compression element.
  • Hermetic container 1 stores refrigerant oil 10 at its bottom.
  • Crank pin 11 and balance plate 12 are disposed above shaft 2 .
  • Crank pin 11 eccentrically rotates to cause piston 7 of the compression element to reciprocate.
  • Thrust surface 14 is provided at the upper end of bearing 15 so as to receive a thrust force.
  • Thrust surface 14 slides directly on a lower surface of balance plate 12 .
  • Thrust surface 14 and the lower surface of balance plate 12 constitute a thrust sliding part in hermetic compressor 500 .
  • Conventional hermetic compressor 500 may have its efficiency degrade.
  • a hermetic compressor similar to hermetic compressor 500 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-120540.
  • a hermetic compressor includes a hermetic container, a motor element, and a compression element.
  • a shaft of the compression element includes a main shaft, a flange projecting from the main shaft, and an eccentric shaft connected to the flange.
  • a piston reciprocates in a compression chamber in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction.
  • a main bearing has a thrust surface contacting and sliding on the flange of the shaft. The thrust surface consists of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is farther from the compression chamber than the center axis is in a direction parallel to the first direction. The second portion is closer to the compression chamber than the center axis is in the direction parallel to the first direction. The area of the first portion is larger than the area of the second portion.
  • This hermetic compressor has a high efficiency and a high reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hermetic compressor according to Exemplary Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a cylinder block of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an essential part of a motor element of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a change in a repulsive force with a rotation angle of a shaft of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a compression element of the hermetic compressor according to Exemplary Embodiment 2 of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a compression element of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional hermetic compressor.
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of a block of the conventional hermetic compressor.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of hermetic compressor 1001 according to Exemplary Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Hermetic compressor 1001 includes hermetic container 101 , motor element 105 disposed in hermetic container 101 , and compression element 106 disposed in hermetic container 101 .
  • Hermetic container 101 is configured to store lubricating oil 102 at a bottom of hermetic container 101 .
  • Motor element 105 includes stator 103 and rotor 104 .
  • Compression element 106 is disposed above motor element 105 and is driven by motor element 105 .
  • Shaft 110 constituting compression element 106 includes main shaft 111 , flange 112 , and eccentric shaft 113 .
  • Main shaft 111 extends along center axis C 111 .
  • Flange 112 projects from main shaft 111 away from center axis C 111 .
  • Eccentric shaft 113 extends in parallel with center axis C 111 from upper surface 112 A of flange 112 .
  • Center axis C 111 extends in parallel to direction axis 1001 A which is vertical according to Embodiment 1.
  • Main shaft 111 extends from flange 112 in direction 111 C extending in parallel to direction axis 1001 A.
  • Direction 111 C is directed vertically downward according to Embodiment 1.
  • Eccentric shaft 113 is eccentric with respect to main shaft 111 .
  • eccentric shaft 113 extends from flange 112 along center axis C 113 in direction 111 D.
  • Center axis C 113 is parallel with center axis C 111 .
  • Direction 111 D is opposite to direction 111 C, and is directed vertically upward according to Embodiment 1.
  • Rotor 104 is shrink-fitted to main shaft 111 .
  • Lubrication mechanism 114 is provided inside shaft 110 .
  • Lubrication groove 114 A is provided helically in a surface of shaft 110 .
  • One end of lubrication groove 114 A communicates with lubrication mechanism 114 , while the other end extends to lower surface 112 B of flange 112 .
  • Cylinder block 115 constituting compression element 106 has substantially cylindrical compression chamber 116 extending in parallel to direction axis 1001 B perpendicular to direction axis 1001 A.
  • Cylinder block 115 includes main bearing 117 extending in parallel to direction axis 1001 A.
  • Main bearing 117 has axial hole 117 A for receiving main shaft 111 of shaft 110 .
  • Axial hole 117 A extends along center axis C 117 .
  • Piston 118 is inserted in compression chamber 116 of cylinder block 115 such that piston 118 reciprocates in parallel to direction axis 1001 B.
  • Piston 118 includes piston pin 120 extending in parallel to direction axis 1001 A.
  • Piston pin 120 and piston 118 are connected to shaft 110 via connection mechanism 119 .
  • One end of connection mechanism 119 is rotatably penetrated by piston pin 120
  • the other end of connection mechanism 119 is rotatably penetrated by eccentric shaft 113 .
  • Compression chamber 116 (piston 118 ) is positioned from center axis C 111 in direction 116 A parallel to direction axis 1001 B.
  • Main bearing 117 in cylinder block 115 has flat thrust surface 121 provided on end surface 117 C. Thrust surface 121 slides on lower surface 112 B of flange 112 .
  • thrust surface 121 supports a force in the vertical direction generated due to a own weight of rotor 104 and shaft 110 , and further supports a force in the vertical direction generated due to the influence of a force generated during the compression of piston 118 .
  • Thrust surface 121 and lower surface 112 B of flange 112 sliding on each other constitute a thrust sliding part.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of thrust surface 121 of cylinder block 115 of hermetic compressor 1001 in view from direction 111 C.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of hermetic compressor 1001 .
  • thrust surface 121 entirely surrounds axial hole 117 A in a plane flush with thrust surface 121 .
  • inner periphery 121 D of thrust surface 121 entirely surrounds axial hole 117 A in the plane flush with thrust surface 121 .
  • Thrust surface 121 has outer periphery 121 C having a circular shape in view along a direction parallel to direction axis 1001 A ( FIG. 1 ).
  • the circular shape has center C 121 which is eccentric with respect to center axis C 117 of axial hole 117 A by predetermined distance L 11 in a predetermined direction. More specifically, center C 121 of thrust surface 121 is displaced from center axis C 117 by predetermined distance L 11 in direction 116 B opposite to direction 116 A directed towards compression chamber 116 .
  • Thrust widths 124 of thrust surface 121 are defined as distances between inner periphery 121 D and outer periphery 121 C of thrust surface 121 in radial directions with respect to center axis C 117 .
  • Thrust width 124 A which is the smallest width of thrust widths 124 extends in direction 116 A from center axis C 117 of axial hole 117 A
  • thrust width 124 B which is the largest width of thrust widths 124 extends in direction 116 B from center axis C 117 .
  • thrust width 124 is largest in direction 116 B directed away from compression chamber 116 .
  • the area of thrust surface 121 increases gradually and monotonically in a direction away from compression chamber 116 .
  • Thrust surface 121 consists of portions 121 A and 121 B. Portion 121 B positioned in direction 116 B is farther from compression chamber 116 than center axis C 117 is. Portion 121 A positioned in direction 116 A is closer to compression chamber 116 than center axis C 117 is. The area of portion 121 B is larger than that of portion 121 A.
  • Thrust surface 121 has oil groove 127 provided in a portion on thrust surface 121 closest to compression chamber 116 .
  • Oil groove 127 extends in parallel to direction axis 1001 B which is an axial direction of compression chamber 116 .
  • Lubricating oil 102 is pumped by lubrication mechanism 114 from the bottom of hermetic container 101 , passes through lubrication groove 114 A. Then, lubricating oil 102 passes through oil groove 127 and reaches the thrust sliding part.
  • Lubricating oil 102 mainly lubricates the thrust sliding part constituted by thrust surface 121 and lower surface 112 B of flange 112 .
  • Oil groove 127 is located in the position of thrust surface 121 closest to compression chamber 116 . This arrangement allows portion 121 B farther from compression chamber 116 to have an area large enough to slide on flange 112 of shaft 110 .
  • Thrust surface 121 is processed to have low friction and high hardness by performing a nitriding treatment or a ceramic coating of ceramic, such as CrN, TiN, to thrust surface 121 .
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an essential part of motor element 105 of hermetic compressor 1001 .
  • Stator 103 of motor element 105 includes a core including teeth having windings concentratedly wound around the teeth, thus constituting a concentrated winding structure of motor element 105 .
  • Magnetic center 126 of rotor 104 is displaced from magnetic center 125 of stator 103 by predetermined distance L 12 in direction 111 C.
  • Direction 111 C is directed vertically downward according to Embodiment 1.
  • Motor element 105 can be driven at various rotation speeds by inverter control. According to Embodiment 1, the rotation speed is set to 60 Hz during a normal operation, while the rotation speed is set to 80 Hz as a maximum rotation speed.
  • hermetic compressor 500 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 includes the compression element as the support frame disposed above block 9 , and the motor element disposed under block 9 .
  • a reaction force of the piston load occurs in the compression stroke.
  • the piston load depends on the pressure in cylinder 6 and the bore diameter of cylinder 6 .
  • the reaction force acts as a force on a side surface of crank pin 11 of shaft 2 .
  • a clearance ranging from 10 to 30 ⁇ m is provided between shaft 2 and bearing 15 of block 9 .
  • This clearance causes shaft 2 to incline and contact block 9 in the thrust sliding part or in a journal sliding part.
  • the thrust sliding part is subjected to a force exceeding the own weight of shaft 2 and rotor 3 as a force due to the influence of the piston load.
  • compressor 500 including the compression element as the support frame above block 9 and the motor element under block 9 , the piston load of piston 7 is added to a thrust force which is the sum of own weights of shaft 2 and rotor 3 .
  • the thrust force locally increases a surface pressure of the thrust sliding part, thereby generating a partial contact.
  • the entire thrust sliding part has a large area to prevent the local increase of the surface pressure of the thrust sliding part.
  • Hermetic compressor 1001 is configured to be connected to a cooling system including refrigerant gas circulating therein.
  • eccentric shaft 113 Upon motor element 105 being energized, rotor 104 rotates shaft 110 . This rotation causes eccentric shaft 113 to rotate about center axis C 111 . The rotation of eccentric shaft 113 transmits to piston 118 via connection mechanism 119 , and causes piston 118 to reciprocate in compression chamber 116 in parallel to direction axis 1001 B.
  • piston 118 causes the refrigerant gas to be sucked into compression chamber 116 from the cooling system, then to be compressed, and to be discharged back to the cooling system.
  • Piston 118 receives repulsive force F 1 applied in direction 116 B when compressing the refrigerant gas in compression chamber 116 .
  • thrust surface 121 provided at upper end surface 117 C of cylinder block 115 entirely receives force F 3 , as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Force F 3 is produced due to own weights of rotor 104 and shaft 110 , and is directed in direction 111 C directed vertically downward along direction axis 1001 A.
  • thrust surface 121 locally receives force F 2 which is a component of repulsive force F 1 in a direction parallel to direction axis 1001 A.
  • Force F 2 affects a sliding loss and a surface pressure depending on a contact area between lower surface 112 B of flange 112 and thrust surface 121 when lower surface 112 B slides on thrust surface 121 .
  • FIG. 5 shows a change of repulsive force F 1 with respect to a rotation angle of shaft 110 during a compression stroke of hermetic compressor 1001 .
  • the horizontal axis represents the magnitude of repulsive force F 1
  • the vertical axis represents the rotation angle of shaft 110 .
  • piston 118 becomes farthest to center axis C 111 in direction 116 A to compress the refrigerant gas at the highest compression ratio.
  • a sucking stroke in which the refrigerant gas is sucked into compression chamber 116 by piston 118 is executed while the rotation angle of shaft 110 is from 0 degree to 180 degrees.
  • a compression stroke in which the refrigerant gas is compressed is executed while the rotation angle of shaft 110 is from 180 degrees to 360 degrees.
  • Force F 2 locally applied in direction 111 C parallel to direction axis 1001 A to thrust surface 121 due to the influence of repulsive force F 1 applied to piston 118 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 .
  • Repulsive force F 1 applied to piston 118 depends on the pressure in compression chamber 116 and on the inner diameter of compression chamber 116 .
  • shaft 110 pushes piston 118 in direction 116 A.
  • repulsive force F 1 becomes maximum repulsive force F 1 max not at 360 degrees, but about 330 degrees in the later stage of the compression stroke, thereby greatly affecting shaft 110 via connection mechanism 119 .
  • eccentric shaft 113 is positioned closer in a direction parallel to direction axis 1001 B to compression chamber 116 than center axis C 117 is.
  • repulsive force F 1 applied to piston 118 is applied to eccentric shaft 113 via connection mechanism 119 .
  • a clearance ranging from 10 to 30 ⁇ m is provided between respective diameters of main shaft 111 of shaft 110 and axial hole 117 A of main bearing 117 .
  • Repulsive force F 1 is applied to eccentric shaft 113 in direction 116 B.
  • the clearance causes shaft 110 to incline with respect to center axis C 117 of axial hole 117 A.
  • This inclination causes force F 2 which is a component of repulsive force F 1 in a direction parallel to direction axis 1001 A to be applied to a portion of thrust surface 121 that is opposite to compression chamber 116 with respect to center axis C 117 .
  • force F 3 is applied entirely to thrust surface 121 in direction 111 C due to the own weights of rotor 104 and shaft 110 .
  • force F 2 is applied to portion 121 B that is on opposite to compression chamber 116 with respect to center axis C 111 in direction 111 C due to the influence of repulsive force F 1 .
  • Center C 121 of thrust surface 121 is displaced from center axis C 117 of axial hole 117 A by predetermined distance L 11 . This arrangement provides thrust surface 121 with non-constant thrust widths 124 over the entire thrust surface.
  • thrust width 124 B of portion 121 B of thrust surface 121 which is farther from compression chamber 116 than center axis C 117 is has a larger area.
  • Portion 121 B exclusively receives force F 2 in the vertical direction due to the influence of repulsive force F 1 during the compression of piston 118 .
  • thrust width 124 A of portion 121 A of thrust surface 121 which is closer to compression chamber 116 than center axis C 117 is has a smaller area than thrust width 124 B. This structure suppresses an increase of a surface pressure due to force F 2 locally applied to thrust surface 121 .
  • This structure provides the thrust sliding part constituted by lower surface 112 B of flange 112 and thrust surface 121 with a small sliding loss.
  • the suppression of the increase in the surface pressure of portion 121 B receiving force F 2 prevents thrust surface 121 from being worn, thereby providing hermetic compressor 1001 with high efficiency and high reliability.
  • This structure allows thrust surface 121 to have a small overall area and further reducing the partial wearing of thrust surface 121 , thereby providing hermetic compressor 1001 with high efficiency and high reliability.
  • this structure allows a large amount of lubricating oil 102 to be supplied to lubricate the sliding part of thrust surface 121 through oil groove 127 of thrust surface 121 .
  • Oil groove 127 is formed in small portion 121 A of thrust surface 121 having small thrust width 124 . This secures the area of the portion of thrust surface 121 that slides on lower surface 112 B of flange 112 and that receives a surface pressure, thereby preventing an increase in the surface pressure.
  • the sliding part of thrust surface 121 is lubricated well, thereby providing hermetic compressor 1001 with high reliability.
  • Thrust surface 121 is processed to have low friction and high hardness by performing a nitriding treatment or a ceramic coating treatment of ceramic, such as CrN or TiN. These treatments reduce the sliding resistance generated when lower surface 112 B of flange 112 contacts and slides on thrust surface 121 . As a result, the thrust sliding part has a lower sliding loss, thereby providing hermetic compressor 1001 with high efficiency. Thrust surface 121 having high surface hardness provides the thrust sliding part with high resistant to abrasion.
  • Thrust surface 121 processed to have low friction and high hardness reduces an area for sliding to the total area of thrust surface 121 , thereby reducing friction.
  • Thrust surface 121 inclines such that portion 121 B having force F 2 applied thereto in direction 111 C is lowered in direction 111 C from portion 121 A closer to compression chamber 116 . That is, thrust surface 121 inclines toward direction 111 C along direction 116 B.
  • This structure allows lower surface 112 B of flange 112 to entirely contact thrust surface 121 . This prevents the thrust sliding part from having a partial contact and the local surface pressure, thereby reducing partial wearing.
  • magnetic center 126 of rotor 104 is displaced in direction 111 C from magnetic center 125 of stator 103 , allowing a magnetic attractive force to lift, in direction 111 D, shaft 110 fixed to rotor 104 .
  • hermetic compressor 1001 includes hermetic container 101 , motor element 105 , and compression element 106 .
  • Motor element 105 is disposed in hermetic container 101 and includes stator 103 and rotor 104 .
  • Compression element 106 is disposed in hermetic container 1010 and is driven by motor element 105 .
  • Compression element 106 includes shaft 110 , cylinder block 115 , piston 107 , connection mechanism 119 , and main bearing 117 .
  • Shaft 110 includes main shaft 111 extending along center axis C 111 , flange 112 projecting from main shaft 111 , and eccentric shaft 113 connected to flange 112 .
  • Shaft 110 has rotor 104 fixed thereto.
  • Cylinder block 115 has compression chamber 116 located from center axis C 111 of main shaft 111 in direction 116 A perpendicular to center axis C 111 .
  • Piston 118 reciprocates in compression chamber 116 in direction 116 A and direction 116 B opposite to direction 116 A.
  • Connection mechanism connects piston 118 and eccentric shaft 113 .
  • Main bearing 117 has axial hole 117 A supporting main shaft 111 of shaft 110 .
  • Main bearing 117 has thrust surface 121 surrounding axial hole 117 A. Thrust surface 121 contacts and slides on flange 112 of shaft 110 .
  • Thrust surface 121 consists of portions 121 A and 121 B.
  • Portion 121 B is located farther from compression chamber 116 than center axis C 111 is in directions 116 A and 116 B parallel to direction axis 1001 A. Portion 121 A is located closer to compression chamber 116 than center axis C 111 is in directions 116 A and 116 B parallel to direction axis 1001 A. The area of portion 121 B is larger than the area of portion 121 A.
  • Thrust surface 121 supports force F 3 in vertical direction 111 C and force F 2 which is a component of repulsive force Fl in vertical direction 111 C, Force F 3 is generated due to own weights of rotor 104 and shaft 110 . Repulsive force F 1 is generated due to a compression by piston 118 .
  • Hermetic container 101 is configured to store lubricating oil 102 .
  • Thrust surface 121 has oil groove 127 communicating with axial hole 117 A. Oil groove 127 allows lubricating oil 102 to pass through oil groove 127 .
  • Oil groove 127 is formed in portion 121 A of thrust surface 121 . Oil groove 127 extends along straight line L 101 extending from center axis C 111 in direction 116 A.
  • Main shaft 111 of shaft 110 extends from flange 112 in direction 111 C perpendicular to direction 116 A. Thrust surface 121 inclines in direction 111 C along direction 116 B.
  • Rotor 104 of motor element 105 has magnetic center 126 displaced in direction 111 C from magnetic center 125 of stator 103 .
  • Magnetic center 126 of rotor 104 is positioned under magnetic center 125 of stator 103 .
  • Compression element 106 is disposed above motor element 105 according to Embodiment 1, but may be disposed under motor element 105 , providing the same effect.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a compression element of hermetic compressor 1002 according to Exemplary Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the compression element of hermetic compressor 1002 .
  • components identical to those of hermetic compressor 1001 according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • Hermetic compressor 1002 according to Embodiment 2 includes annular thrust bearing 210 having thrust surface 121 of hermetic compressor 1001 according to Embodiment 1.
  • end surface 117 C of main bearing 117 of cylinder block 115 has recess 200 therein around axial hole 117 A.
  • Thrust bearing 210 is fitted into recess 200 .
  • Thrust bearing 210 and radial bearing 117 R having axial hole 117 A constitute main bearing 117 .
  • Recess 200 has substantially a circular shape.
  • Supporting surface 201 which is a bottom of the recess surrounds axial hole 117 A and supports thrust bearing 210 .
  • Supporting surface 201 has a width increasing gradually and monotonically from direction 116 A approaching compression chamber 116 toward opposite direction 116 B.
  • Small recess 202 extending outward is provided in a periphery of recess 200 .
  • Outer periphery 210 C of thrust bearing 210 has a circular shape.
  • Thrust bearing 210 has thrust surface 213 which has a shape and function identical to thrust surface 121 according to Embodiment 1.
  • Thrust bearing 210 has a thickness which allows thrust surface 213 to slightly project from recess 200 in direction 111 D when thrust bearing 210 is fitted into recess 200 .
  • Thrust bearing 210 has through-hole 211 at its center. Through-hole 211 has center C 211 which coincides with center axis C 117 of axial hole 117 A.
  • Thrust bearing 210 has projection 212 on its outer periphery. Projection 212 is engaged with small recess 202 of recess 200 .
  • main bearing 117 includes thrust bearing 210 and radial bearing 117 R having axial hole 117 A.
  • Thrust bearing 210 has thrust surface 121 , and is a separate component from radial bearing 117 R.
  • Projection 212 is engaged with small recess 202 and prevents thrust bearing 210 from rotating.
  • At least thrust surface 213 of thrust bearing 210 is processed to have low friction and high hardness by performing a nitriding treatment or a ceramic coating treatment of ceramics, such as CrN or TiN, similarly to the thrust surface according to Embodiment 1.
  • Thrust surface 213 consists of portions 213 A and 213 B. Portion 213 A is closer to compression chamber 116 than center axis C 111 (center C 211 ) is. Portion 213 B is farther from compression chamber 116 than center axis C 111 (center C 211 ) is. Thrust surface 213 inclines such that portion 213 B is lowered in direction 111 D from portion 213 A by either adjusting the thickness of thrust bearing 210 or processing supporting surface 201 of recess 200 .
  • Thrust bearing 210 has oil groove 214 formed in thrust surface 213 and extending in a radial direction of through-hole 211 .
  • Oil groove 214 has a function similar to oil groove 127 according to Embodiment 1.
  • Oil groove 214 is formed at a position of thrust surface 213 that is closest to compression chamber 116 according to Embodiment 2. That is, oil groove 214 extends in direction 116 A from center C 211 .
  • the lubricating oil After being pumped by lubrication mechanism 114 from the bottom of hermetic container 101 and passing through lubrication groove 114 A, the lubricating oil passes through oil groove 214 and reaches the thrust sliding part constituted by thrust surface 213 and lower surface 112 B of flange 112 .
  • the lubricating oil mainly lubricates the thrust sliding part.
  • hermetic compressor 1002 According to Embodiment 2, an operation of hermetic compressor 1002 according to Embodiment 2 will be described below. Similarly to hermetic compressor 1001 according to Embodiment 1, upon motor element 105 being energized, rotor 104 rotates to cause compression element 106 to operate. As a result, the refrigerant gas is sucked into compression chamber 116 from the cooling system, then compressed there, and discharged back to the cooling system.
  • hermetic compressor 1002 when shaft 110 is rotated, force F 3 applied in vertical direction 111 C due to the own weights of rotor 104 and shaft 110 shown in FIG. 6 is applied to the entire thrust surface 213 of thrust bearing 210 of main bearing 117 . Simultaneously, force F 2 which is a component, in vertical direction 111 C, of repulsive force F 1 during the compression of piston 118 is exclusively applied to portion 213 B of thrust surface 213 .
  • Force F 2 affects a sliding loss and a surface pressure depending on the contact area between lower surface 112 B of flange 112 and thrust surface 213 of thrust bearing 210 when lower surface 112 B slides on thrust surface 213 .
  • portion 213 B Similar to hermetic compressor 1001 according to Embodiment 1, in hermetic compressor 1002 , portion 213 B has thrust width 215 which is larger than thrust width 215 of portion 213 A that is closer to compression chamber 116 than center C 211 is. That is, the area of portion 213 B is larger than the area of portion 213 A. This structure suppresses an increase of the surface pressure due to force F 2 locally applied to thrust surface 213 .
  • This structure also reduces the sliding loss of the thrust sliding part constituted by lower surface 112 B of flange 112 and thrust surface 213 of thrust bearing 210 similarly to the compressor according to Embodiment 1. Furthermore, this structure prevents an increase of the surface pressure of portion 213 B which exclusively receives force F 2 and reduces the partial wear of thrust surface 213 , thereby providing hermetic compressor 1002 with high efficiency and high reliability.
  • Thrust surface 213 includes portion 213 A having a smaller width than thrust width 215 . This structure secures a large sliding area of portion 213 B that is subjected to the surface pressure, thereby preventing an increase in the surface pressure. As a result, the sliding part of thrust surface 213 of thrust bearing 210 is lubricated well, thereby providing hermetic compressor 1002 with high reliability.
  • Thrust surface 213 is processed to have low friction and high hardness by performing a nitriding treatment or a ceramic coating treatment of ceramics, such as CrN or TiN. This treatment reduces the sliding resistance generated when lower surface 112 B of flange 112 slides on thrust surface 213 . As a result, the thrust sliding part constituted by lower surface 112 B of flange 112 and thrust surface 213 has a lower sliding loss, thereby providing hermetic compressor 1002 with high efficiency. Thrust surface 213 having high surface hardness makes the thrust sliding part more abrasion resistant.
  • Thrust surface 213 processed to have low friction and high hardness reduces an overall area of thrust surface 213 of thrust bearing 210 , thereby reducing friction.
  • Thrust bearing 210 is a separate component from main bearing 117 (radial bearing 117 R), and is processed separately from main bearing 117 . This arrangement allows thrust surface 213 to be subjected to the nitriding treatment or the ceramic coating treatment, or to incline in direction 111 C along direction 116 B.
  • Thrust bearing 210 can be applied to various compressors having different capacities.
  • thrust surface 213 can be applied to a hermetic compressor in which compression element 106 is disposed under motor element 105 , providing the same effects.
  • Hermetic compressors 1001 and 1002 according to Embodiments 1 and 2 which have high reliability due to the low sliding loss of the thrust sliding part are applicable to air conditioners, fridge-freezers, and other types of freezers.
  • the present invention is not limited to Embodiment 1 or 2.

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US13/247,395 2010-10-21 2011-09-28 Hermetic compressor Abandoned US20120100021A1 (en)

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JP2010-236163 2010-10-21
JP2010236163A JP2012087711A (ja) 2010-10-21 2010-10-21 密閉型圧縮機

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