US1183230A - Combination ratchet-tool. - Google Patents

Description

F. S. PERKINS.

COMBINATION RATCHET TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-29. i913.

Patented May 16, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

F. S. PERKINS.

COMBINATION RATCHET TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED Aue. 29. 191a.

www, Patented May 16, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

FREDERICK STANLEY PERKINS, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

COMBINATION RATCHET-TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 16, 1916.

Application filed August 29, 1913. Serial No. 787,363.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK STANLEY PERKINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of M11- waukee and State of WISCOIlSlIl, have mvented a new and useful Combination Ratchet-Tool, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in wrenches and has relation more particularly to a ratchet wrench and an object of the invention is to provlde a devlce of this general character having novel and improved means whereby it may be em ployed for a multiplicity of purposes.

Furthermore, the invent1on has for an object to provide a device of this general character having novel and lmproved means whereby the clamping head may be caused to rotate in either direction and wherein the operating member may be manipulated with convenience and facility.

The invention consists in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts of my improved wrench whereby certain important advantages are attained and the device is rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise more convenient and advantageous for use, all as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will be carefully defined in the appended claims.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a view in perspect1ve of a wrench constructed in accordance with an embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, illustrating a wrench constructed in accordance with a further embodiment of my invention; Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the device as illustrated in Fig. 2, with the cover plate removed and certain of the parts illustrated in section; Fig. 4 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of the clamping jaws and their concomitant parts as herein included; Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the device as illustrated in Fig. 4, with a further adjustment of certain of the parts being indicated by dotted lines; Fig. 6 is a view in perspective, detached, of the clamping blocks adapted to be employed 1n connection with my invention; Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 77 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 8 is a View, partly in elevation and partly in section, of a setting head adapted to be employed in connection with my invention when the same is used as a drill or the like.

As disclosed in the accompanying drawings and particularly in Fig. 1, 1 denotes a shell having its lower face open and adapted to be closed by the plate 2. Projected transversely through the shell 1 is the shaft 3 provided on its front projecting extremity with the head 4 rigidly secured thereto and adapted to rotate therewith. The shell 1 is provided with a head 5, the opposite sides whereof are flattened and adapted to be bridged by the bifurcated extremity of the operating handle 6, said handle being herein disclosed as of a well known 0. G. type. One of the forks 7 of the bifurcated extremity of the handle is mounted for pivotal movement, as indicated at 8, relative to the handle 6 whereby it will be perceived that a convenient and effective means is afforded for removing the handle 6 from the head 5, as the requirements of practice may dietate. It will also be observed that the bandle 6 is adapted to be clamped or locked to the head 5 through the medium of the binding screw 9. The extreme upper end of the shaft 3 is pointed, as indicated at 10, and is adapted to be received within the socket 11, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 8, produced in the outer surface of the head 12, herein disclosed as in threaded engagement with the block 14.

In order that the requisite adjustment of the head 12 relative to the block 14 may be created with convenience and facility, I find it of advantage to produce in the periphery of the head 12 the sockets 15 which are adapted to be engaged by a conventional implement 16. I also find it of advantage to have the outer extremity of the handle 6 provided with the elongated longitudinally directed slot 17 in which is normally positioned the crank member 18 pivotally connected to the handle, as indicated at 19, whereby the same may be adjusted so as to project laterally from the handle 6 in order to afl'ord an additional means for imparting the requisite axial rotation to the shaft 3.

Within the shell 1 and suitably affixed to the shaft 3 is the ratchet wheel 20 with which coacts the dog 21 rotatably supported within the shell 1 and provided with an extension or tail 22 projecting exteriorly of the shell 1 through an opening 23 produced therein. The dog 21 is recessed, as at 24, to form the spaced teeth 25 adapted to coact with the ratchet wheel 20 whereby the direction of rotation of the shaft 3 may be controlled, it being understood that the projection 22 affords a means adaptedto be engaged by the digits of the hand m engagement with the handle 6 for creating such a control.

The form of invention disclosed in Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive is substantially identical with that disclosed in Fig. 1, with the exception that the handle 6 is straight and is substantially integral with the shell 1, and the tail 22 of the do 21" has secured thereto theextremity of a at spring 26 which has its opposite extremity suitably connected, as indicated at 27 in the front end wall of the recess 28 produced in the inner end portion of the handle 6. Mounted within the recess 28 is a disk 29 provided with spaced upstanding lugs 30 through which the spring 26 is directed, and provided with a trunnion 31 projecting exteriorly of the shell 1 to which is operatively connected the finger piece 32 whereby axial rotation may be imparted to the disk 29 which will result in the proper turning of the dog 21 for controlling the direction of rotation of the ratchet 22, as is believed to be self-evident. The shell 1 and the recess 28 are adapted to be closed by the cover plate 2 common to both.

As is particularly disclosed in Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings, the head 4 is provided therethrough with the longitudinally directed bore 33 in which are loosely mounted the pins34 adapted to project exteriorly of the opposite ends of the block 4 so as to be accommodated within the grooves 35 produced in the opposed faces of the clamping member 36, and serving to maintain said clamping member in operative position said grooves 35 being each substantially in the form of an inverted U, whereby it will be perceived that the clamping member 36 may be disposed in alinement with the shaft 3 or adjusted angular-1y thereto. The pins 34 are maintained within the grooves 35 through the medium of the expansible member 37, herein disclosed as a coil spring positioned within the bore 33 and between the inner ends of the pins 34 and operating in a manner which is believed to be self-evident.

One side of the clamping member 36 is provided with the depending clamping jaw 38 which may be termed the stationary jaw and with which is adapted to coact the movable jaw 39 projecting at right angles from the rack bar 40 projecting transversely through the member 36 and adapted to be engaged by the worm 41 suitably mounted within the member 36 and having an extended shaft 42 with which coacts a cross arm 43 for imparting axial rotation to the worm 41 whereby the movable jaw 39 may be conveniently moved relative to the stationary jaw 38.

When it is desired that my improved tool be used for purposes other than as a wrench, especially in connection with a drilling tool, screw driver or the like, I find it of advantage to employ a clamping block comprising duplicate sections 44, as is particularly shown in Fig. 6, having produced in their side faces the grooves or channels 45 adapted to receive the clamping jaws 38 and 39 while their opposed faces are provided with the serrated registering recesses 46 adapted to clampingly engage the shank of a tool, as is believed to be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art to which my present invention apperta-ins.

From the foregoing description, it is thought to be obvious that a wrench constructed in accordance with my invention is of an extremely simple and comparatively inexpensive nature and is particularly well adapted for use by reason of the convenience and facility with which it may be assembled, and it will also be obvious that my invention is susceptible of some change and modification without material departure from the principles and spirit thereof and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangement and formation of the several parts herein shown in carrying out my invention in practice.

I claim:

1. A device of the character described comprising a shell, a shaft carried thereby, means for imparting axial rotation to the shaft, a head carried by the shaft, a clamping member provided with grooves in opposed faces thereof, and yielding means carried by the head automatically engageable within the grooves of the clamping member for operatively connecting said clamping member with the head.

2. A device of the character described comprising a shell, a shaft carried thereby, means for imparting axial rotation to the shaft, a head carried by the shaft, a clamping member provided with grooves in opposed faces thereof, a head secured to-the shaft provided with a bore, pins mounted in the bore and adapted to be projected within the grooves of the clamping member, and an expansible member within the bore of the head between the inner ends of the pins for normally maintaining the pins Within the grooves of the clamping member.

3. A device of the character described comprising a shell, a shaft carried thereby,

mewso a, ratchet Wheel secured to the shaft within the shell, a dog pivotally engaged within the shell and provided with a, plurality of teeth adapted to coact with the ratchet to control the direction of rotation thereof, it spring positioned within the shell and onseting with the dog for controlling the operation thereof, means for imparting rotation to the shaft, and a. clamping head engaged with the shaft.

FREDERICK STANLEY PERKINS. Witnesses:

M.R.PAU1L, ETTA SOHROEDER.

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