TWI637225B - 嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器及其形成方法 - Google Patents

嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器及其形成方法 Download PDF

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TWI637225B
TWI637225B TW106142634A TW106142634A TWI637225B TW I637225 B TWI637225 B TW I637225B TW 106142634 A TW106142634 A TW 106142634A TW 106142634 A TW106142634 A TW 106142634A TW I637225 B TWI637225 B TW I637225B
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layer
dielectric layer
panel display
light
fingerprint sensor
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TW106142634A
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TW201913199A (zh
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吳易霖
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奇景光電股份有限公司
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    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1601—Constructional details related to the housing of computer displays, e.g. of CRT monitors, of flat displays
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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Abstract

一種嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，包含基板；光感測器，形成於基板的底面；透鏡區，設於光感測器上且於垂直方向對準於光感測器；及光屏障，於垂直方向對準於光感測器，且設於光感測器與透鏡區之間。

Description

嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器及其形成方法
本發明係有關一種指紋感測器，特別是關於一種嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器。
行動裝置(例如智慧型手機)為一種電腦裝置，其體積很小而能夠以手握持與操作。行動裝置通常具有觸控螢幕，其佔用行動裝置的前表面的相當大比例(例如70%)。
當代行動裝置可執行很多的功能，並適用於各種的用途，例如交際互動、金融交易、個人或商業通信。鑑於此，通常會使用生物測定(例如指紋)技術來識別使用者及其身分，用以保護儲存於行動裝置內的機密資料。指紋辨識不但是一種識別使用者的保全方法，且是存取行動裝置的一種快速方法。
許多行動裝置(例如智慧型手機)裝設有指紋辨識，其通常包含實體按鈕，設於前表面的觸控螢幕的外部。行動裝置的觸控螢幕有逐漸增大的趨勢，用以因應行動裝置更多更強的功能。然而，將指紋辨識按鈕設於行動裝置的前表面會阻礙使用大觸控螢幕的趨勢。
由於傳統行動裝置的擴展性受到指紋辨識按鈕的阻礙，因此亟需提出一種新穎的機制，有效提供行動裝置的指紋辨識。
鑑於上述，本發明實施例的目的之一在於提出一種嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，例如液晶顯示器或有機發光二極體顯示器。
根據本發明實施例，平板顯示器包含基板、光感測器、透鏡區及光屏障。光感測器形成於基板的底面。透鏡區設於光感測器上且於垂直方向對準於光感測器。光屏障於垂直方向對準於光感測器，且設於光感測器與透鏡區之間。
第一圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第一實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的液晶顯示器(LCD)100，其中指紋感測器整合於液晶顯示器100的主動區。液晶顯示器100可為薄膜電晶體(TFT)液晶顯示器。為了便於了解本發明，僅顯示與實施例相關的元件。
在本實施例中，液晶顯示器100可包含薄膜電晶體(TFT)基板11，其頂面形成有第一介電層12。第一介電層12可包含氧化矽或/且氮化矽。多個薄膜電晶體13形成於第一介電層12內。薄膜電晶體13可包含多晶矽層(作為通道)131、第一金屬層M1(作為閘極)132設於多晶矽層131上、第二金屬層M2(作為源極與汲極)133設於多晶矽層131的表面且圍繞第一金屬層132，其中第一介電層12隔離第一金屬層132與第二金屬層133。
根據本實施例的特徵之一，至少一光感測器(或光偵測器)14形成於薄膜電晶體(TFT)基板11的底面。光感測器14可包含互補金屬氧化物半導體(CMOS)影像感測器。本實施例的液晶顯示器100可包含光源，例如背光模組(未顯示於圖式)，設於薄膜電晶體(TFT)基板11下。液晶顯示器100的光源可發射可見光或非可見光束。
根據本實施例的另一特徵，光屏障(light barrier)10形成於第一介電層12內，且於垂直方向大致對準於光感測器14。在本實施例中，光屏障10可包含多晶矽層131、第一金屬層132及第二金屬層133，用以圍繞一個通道。代表指紋的光束通過透鏡區20與通道，再由光感測器14偵測。光屏障10可用以阻隔或屏障通道方向以外的(傾斜)光線，使其不會進入光感測器14。
本實施例的液晶顯示器100可包含透明的平坦化(PLN)層15，其具有大致平坦的頂面，且形成於第一介電層12上。平坦化層15可包含透明材質，例如樹脂，用以讓光線通過。
本實施例的液晶顯示器100可包含第二介電層16，形成於平坦化層15的表面。第二介電層16可包含氧化矽或/且氮化矽。至少一導電層形成於第二介電層16內。如第一圖所例示，所述至少一導電層可包含第一氧化銦錫(ITO)層161，形成於第二介電層16的底部(例如形成於平坦化層15的表面)；及第二氧化銦錫(ITO)層162，形成於第二介電層16的頂部(例如形成於第一氧化銦錫層161上)。第二介電層16隔離第一氧化銦錫層161與第二氧化銦錫層162。
本實施例的液晶顯示器100可包含液晶(LC)層17，形成於第二介電層16上。至少一透明的光間隔物(photo spacer)171設於液晶層17內，用以隔離相鄰液晶區。液晶顯示器100的光間隔物171可包含透明材質，例如樹脂。液晶顯示器100還可包含彩色濾光(CF)層18，形成於液晶層17上，且設於彩色濾光(CF)基板19的底面。彩色濾光層18可包含多個彩色濾光片，例如紅色、綠色及藍色濾光片，用以分別讓紅光、綠光及藍光通過。彩色濾光層18還可包含至少一黑色濾光片，用以阻隔光線。未被黑色濾光片覆蓋的區域為顯示區。如第一圖所示，黑色濾光片大致對準於下方的光間隔物171。在本實施例中，光感測器14位於未被彩色濾光層18的黑色濾光片覆蓋的主動顯示區。
根據本實施例的又一特徵，液晶顯示器100可包含至少一透鏡區20，設於光感測器14上並於垂直方向大致對準於光感測器14。在本實施例中，透鏡區20連接至平坦化層15的頂面，並向上延伸。透鏡區20可包含透明材質，其可相同或異於平坦化層15。透鏡區20垂直伸長，並(由下而上依序)通過第二介電層16、液晶層17與彩色濾光層18。
根據上述實施例，嵌設有指紋感測器的液晶顯示器100包含光源、透鏡區20與光感測器14。第二圖顯示本實施例的指紋感測器的示意圖。光源21發射光束至手指22。透鏡區20作為棒狀透鏡(rod lens)23，用以聚焦反射自指紋的光束。光感測器14作為光偵測器24，用以偵測代表指紋的光束，並將其轉換為電子信號。
第三A圖至第三G圖顯示第一圖的液晶顯示器100的形成方法的剖視圖。液晶顯示器100的形成順序可異於第三A圖至第三G圖所示。於第三A圖，形成第一介電層12的第一層12_1於薄膜電晶體基板11的頂面，接著形成多晶矽層131於第一介電層12的第一層12_1內。形成至少一光感測器(或光偵測器)14於薄膜電晶體基板11的底面。於第三B圖，形成第一介電層12的第二層12_2於第一層12_1的表面，接著形成第一金屬層(M1)132於第一介電層12的第二層12_2內。於第三C圖，形成第一介電層12的第三層12_3於第二層12_2的表面，接著形成第二金屬層(M2)133於第一介電層12的第三層12_3內。藉此，因而形成薄膜電晶體13與光屏障10於第一介電層12內。於第三D圖，形成平坦化層15於第一介電層12上。接著，形成第二介電層16的第一層16_1於平坦化層15的表面，接著形成第一氧化銦錫層161於第二介電層16的第一層16_1內。於第三E圖，形成第二介電層16的第二層16_2於第一層16_1的表面，接著形成第二氧化銦錫層162於第二介電層16的第二層16_2內。接著，形成液晶層17於第二介電層16上，且形成至少一透明的光間隔物171於液晶層17內，用以隔離相鄰液晶區。於第三F圖，形成彩色濾光層18於液晶層17上。接著，形成至少一透鏡區20於彩色濾光層18、液晶層17及第二介電層16內。透鏡區20連接至平坦化層15的頂面，並向上延伸。最後，於第三G圖，形成彩色濾光基板19以覆蓋彩色濾光層18。
第四圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第二實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的液晶顯示器(LCD)300，其中指紋感測器整合於液晶顯示器300的主動區。本實施例類似於第一實施例(第一圖)，兩者之間的差異將說明如下。
在本實施例中，透鏡區20設於液晶層17內，且大致平行於光間隔物171。透鏡區20可包含透明材質，其可相同或異於光間隔物171。透鏡區20垂直伸長，並(由下而上依序)通過液晶層17與彩色濾光層18。
第五A圖至第五B圖顯示第四圖的液晶顯示器300的形成方法的剖視圖。液晶顯示器300的形成順序可異於第五A圖至第五B圖所示。本實施例的方法可包含第三A圖至第三E圖所示步驟。接下來，於第五A圖，形成彩色濾光層18於液晶層17上。接著，形成至少一透鏡區20於彩色濾光層18與液晶層17內。透鏡區20連接至第二介電層16的頂面，並於垂直方向大致對準於光感測器14。最後，於第五B圖，形成彩色濾光基板19以覆蓋彩色濾光層18。
第六圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第三實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的發光二極體(LED)顯示器400，其中指紋感測器整合於發光二極體顯示器400的主動區。發光二極體顯示器400可為主動式有機發光二極體(AMOLED)顯示器。為了便於了解本發明，僅顯示與實施例相關的元件。
在本實施例中，發光二極體顯示器400可包含薄膜電晶體(TFT)基板11，其頂面形成有第一介電層12。第一介電層12可包含氧化矽或/且氮化矽。多個薄膜電晶體13形成於第一介電層12內及薄膜電晶體基板11的表面。薄膜電晶體13可包含多晶矽層(作為通道)131、第一金屬層M1(作為閘極)132設於多晶矽層131上、第二金屬層M2(作為源極與汲極)132設於多晶矽層131的表面且圍繞第一金屬層132，其中第一介電層12隔離第一金屬層132與第二金屬層133。
根據本實施例的特徵之一，至少一光感測器(或光偵測器)14形成於薄膜電晶體(TFT)基板11的底面。光感測器14可包含互補金屬氧化物半導體(CMOS)影像感測器。發光二極體顯示器400的光源可發射可見光或非可見光束。
根據本實施例的另一特徵，光屏障(light barrier)10形成於第一介電層12內，且於垂直方向大致對準於光感測器14。在本實施例中，光屏障10可包含多晶矽層131、第一金屬層132及第二金屬層133，用以圍繞一個通道。光屏障10可用以阻隔或屏障通道方向以外的(傾斜)光線，使其不會進入光感測器14。
本實施例的發光二極體顯示器400可包含透明的平坦化(PLN)層15，其具有大致平坦的頂面，且形成於第一介電層12上。平坦化層15可包含透明材質，例如樹脂，用以讓光線通過。
本實施例的發光二極體顯示器400可包含第二介電層16，形成於平坦化層15的表面。第二介電層16可包含氧化矽或/且氮化矽。第二介電層16可包含透明的像素定義層(PDL)160，其可形成於平坦化層15的表面。至少一導電層形成於第二介電層16內。如第六圖所例示，所述至少一導電層可包含陽極層161B，形成於第二介電層16的底部(例如形成於平坦化層15的表面)；及陰極層162B，形成於第二介電層16的頂部(例如形成於陽極層161B上)。第二介電層16隔離陽極層161B與陰極層162B。發光二極體顯示器400還可包含彩色濾光(CF)層18，形成於第二介電層16內(例如形成於陽極層161B與陰極層162B之間)。彩色濾光層18可包含多個彩色濾光片，例如紅色、綠色及藍色濾光片，用以分別讓紅光、綠光及藍光通過。在本實施例中，光感測器14位於未被彩色濾光層18的黑色濾光片覆蓋的主動顯示區。
本實施例的發光二極體顯示器400可包含包覆(encapsulation)層61，形成於第二介電層16上。至少一透明的光間隔物(photo spacer)171設於包覆層61內，用以隔離相鄰像素。發光二極體顯示器400的光間隔物171可包含透明材質，例如樹脂。
根據本實施例的又一特徵，發光二極體顯示器400可包含至少一透鏡區20，設於光感測器14上並於垂直方向大致對準於光感測器14。在本實施例中，透鏡區20連接至平坦化層15的頂面，並向上延伸。透鏡區20可包含透明材質，其可相同或異於平坦化層15。透鏡區20垂直伸長，並(由下而上依序)通過第二介電層16與包覆層61。發光二極體顯示器400還可包含覆蓋玻璃62，用以覆蓋包覆層61、光間隔物171與透鏡區20。
第七A圖至第七G圖顯示第六圖的發光二極體顯示器400的形成方法的剖視圖。發光二極體顯示器400的形成順序可異於第七A圖至第七G圖所示。於第七A圖，形成第一介電層12的第一層12_1於薄膜電晶體基板11的頂面，接著形成多晶矽層131於第一介電層12的第一層12_1內。形成至少一光感測器(或光偵測器)14於薄膜電晶體基板11的底面。於第七B圖，形成第一介電層12的第二層12_2於第一層12_1的表面，接著形成第一金屬層(M1)132於第一介電層12的第二層12_2內。於第七C圖，形成第一介電層12的第三層12_3於第二層12_2的表面，接著形成第二金屬層(M2)133於第一介電層12的第三層12_3內。藉此，因而形成薄膜電晶體13與光屏障10於第一介電層12內。於第七D圖，形成平坦化層15於第一介電層12上。接著，形成第二介電層16的第一層16_1於平坦化層15的表面，接著形成陽極層161B於第二介電層16的第一層16_1內。在本實施例中，第二介電層16可包含透明的像素定義層(PDL)160。於第七E圖，形成第二介電層16的第二層16_2於第一層16_1的表面，接著形成彩色濾光層18於第二介電層16的第二層16_2內。接著，形成陰極層162B於第二介電層16的第二層16_2的表面。形成包覆層61於第二介電層16上，且形成至少一透明的光間隔物171於包覆層61內，用以隔離相鄰像素。於第七F圖，形成至少一透鏡區20於包覆層61及第二介電層16內。透鏡區20連接至平坦化層15的頂面，並向上延伸。最後，於第七G圖，形成覆蓋玻璃62以覆蓋包覆層61、光間隔物171與透鏡區20。
第八圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第四實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的發光二極體顯示器500，其中指紋感測器整合於發光二極體顯示器500的主動區。本實施例類似於第三實施例(第六圖)，兩者之間的差異將說明如下。
在本實施例中，透鏡區20設於第二介電層16上(例如形成於陰極層162B的表面)，且大致平行於光間隔物171。透鏡區20可包含透明材質，其可相同或異於光間隔物171。
第九A圖至第九B圖顯示第八圖的發光二極體顯示器500的形成方法的剖視圖。發光二極體顯示器500的形成順序可異於第九A圖至第九B圖所示。本實施例的方法可包含第七A圖至第七E圖所示步驟。接下來，於第九A圖，形成至少一透鏡區20於包覆層61內。透鏡區20連接至第二介電層16的頂面，並於垂直方向大致對準於光感測器14。最後，於第九B圖，形成覆蓋玻璃62以覆蓋包覆層61、光間隔物171與透鏡區20。
第十圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第五實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的發光二極體顯示器600，其中指紋感測器整合於發光二極體顯示器600的主動區。本實施例類似於第三實施例(第六圖)，兩者之間的差異將說明如下。
在本實施例中，透鏡區20連接至像素定義層160的頂面，並向上延伸。透鏡區20可包含透明材質，其可相同或異於像素定義層160。透鏡區20垂直伸長，並(由下而上依序)通過第二介電層16與包覆層61。
第十一A圖至第十一B圖顯示第十圖的發光二極體顯示器600的形成方法的剖視圖。發光二極體顯示器600的形成順序可異於第十一A圖至第十一B圖所示。本實施例的方法可包含第七A圖至第七E圖所示步驟。接下來，於第十一A圖，形成至少一透鏡區20於包覆層61與第二介電層16內。透鏡區20連接至像素定義層160的頂面，並於垂直方向大致對準於光感測器14。最後，於第十一B圖，形成覆蓋玻璃62以覆蓋包覆層61、光間隔物171與透鏡區20。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，並非用以限定本發明之申請專利範圍；凡其它未脫離發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改變或修飾，均應包含在下述之申請專利範圍內。
100‧‧‧液晶顯示器
300‧‧‧液晶顯示器
400‧‧‧發光二極體顯示器
500‧‧‧發光二極體顯示器
600‧‧‧發光二極體顯示器
10‧‧‧光屏障
11‧‧‧薄膜電晶體基板
12‧‧‧第一介電層
12_1‧‧‧第一層
12_2‧‧‧第二層
12_3‧‧‧第三層
13‧‧‧薄膜電晶體
131‧‧‧多晶矽層
132‧‧‧第一金屬層
133‧‧‧第二金屬層
14‧‧‧光感測器
15‧‧‧平坦化層
16‧‧‧第二介電層
16_1‧‧‧第一層
16_2‧‧‧第二層
160‧‧‧像素定義層
161‧‧‧第一氧化銦錫層
161B‧‧‧陽極層
162‧‧‧第二氧化銦錫層
162B‧‧‧陰極層
17‧‧‧液晶層
171‧‧‧光間隔物
18‧‧‧彩色濾光層
19‧‧‧彩色濾光基板
20‧‧‧透鏡區
21‧‧‧光源
22‧‧‧手指
23‧‧‧棒狀透鏡
24‧‧‧光偵測器
61‧‧‧包覆層
62‧‧‧覆蓋玻璃
M1‧‧‧第一金屬層
M2‧‧‧第二金屬層
TFT‧‧‧薄膜電晶體
PLN‧‧‧平坦化
ITO‧‧‧氧化銦錫
LC‧‧‧液晶
CF‧‧‧彩色濾光
PDL‧‧‧像素定義層
第一圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第一實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的液晶顯示器。 第二圖顯示本實施例的指紋感測器的示意圖。 第三A圖至第三G圖顯示第一圖的液晶顯示器的形成方法的剖視圖。 第四圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第二實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的液晶顯示器。 第五A圖至第五B圖顯示第四圖的液晶顯示器的形成方法的剖視圖。 第六圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第三實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的發光二極體顯示器。 第七A圖至第七G圖顯示第六圖的發光二極體顯示器的形成方法的剖視圖。 第八圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第四實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的發光二極體顯示器。 第九A圖至第九B圖顯示第八圖的發光二極體顯示器的形成方法的剖視圖。 第十圖的剖視圖顯示本發明第五實施例的嵌設有指紋感測器的發光二極體顯示器。 第十一A圖至第十一B圖顯示第十圖的發光二極體顯示器的形成方法的剖視圖。

Claims (16)

  1. 一種嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，包含：一基板；一光感測器，形成於該基板的底面；一透鏡區，設於該光感測器上且於垂直方向對準於該光感測器；一光屏障，於垂直方向對準於該光感測器，且設於該光感測器與該透鏡區之間；及一第一介電層，形成於該基板的頂面，其中該光屏障形成於該第一介電層內；其中該光屏障包含：一多晶矽層；一第一金屬層，形成於該多晶矽層上；及一第二金屬層，形成於該第一金屬層的表面；其中該多晶矽層、該第一金屬層與該第二金屬層圍繞一通道；其中代表指紋的光束通過該透鏡區與該通道，再由該光感測器偵測。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，更包含一透明的平坦化層，其具有平坦頂面且形成於該第一介電層上。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，其中該透鏡區連接至該平坦化層的頂面且向上延伸。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，更包含：一第二介電層，形成於該平坦化層的表面；及一光間隔物，設於該第二介電層上。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第4項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，其中該透鏡區設於第二介電層的表面，且平行於該光間隔物。
  6. 根據申請專利範圍第4項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，其中該第二介電層包含一透明的像素定義層。
  7. 根據申請專利範圍第6項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，其中該透鏡區連接至該像素定義層的頂面且向上延伸。
  8. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器，更包含一彩色濾光層，其中該光感測器位於未被該彩色濾光層的黑色濾光片覆蓋的主動顯示區。
  9. 一種嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，包含以下步驟但不限定於所述順序：提供一基板；形成一光感測器於該基板的底面；形成一透鏡區於該光感測器上且於垂直方向對準於該光感測器；及形成一光屏障，於垂直方向對準於該光感測器，且設於該光感測器與該透鏡區之間；更包含一步驟以形成一第一介電層於該基板的頂面，其中該光屏障形成於該第一介電層內；其中該光屏障包含：一多晶矽層；一第一金屬層，形成於該多晶矽層上；及一第二金屬層，形成於該第一金屬層的表面；其中該多晶矽層、該第一金屬層與該第二金屬層圍繞一通道；其中代表指紋的光束通過該透鏡區與該通道，再由該光感測器偵測。
  10. 根據申請專利範圍第9項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，更包含一步驟以形成一透明的平坦化層，其具有平坦頂面且形成於該第一介電層上。
  11. 根據申請專利範圍第10項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，其中該透鏡區連接至該平坦化層的頂面且向上延伸。
  12. 根據申請專利範圍第10項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，更包含：形成一第二介電層於該平坦化層的表面；及形成一光間隔物於該第二介電層上。
  13. 根據申請專利範圍第12項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，其中該透鏡區設於第二介電層的表面，且平行於該光間隔物。
  14. 根據申請專利範圍第12項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，其中該第二介電層包含一透明的像素定義層。
  15. 根據申請專利範圍第14項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，其中該透鏡區連接至該像素定義層的頂面且向上延伸。
  16. 根據申請專利範圍第9項所述嵌設有指紋感測器的平板顯示器的形成方法，更包含一步驟以形成一彩色濾光層，其中該光感測器位於未被該彩色濾光層的黑色濾光片覆蓋的主動顯示區。
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