TWI526581B - 具有似不銹鋼之表面處理的鍍鋅碳鋼 - Google Patents
具有似不銹鋼之表面處理的鍍鋅碳鋼 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI526581B TWI526581B TW100131133A TW100131133A TWI526581B TW I526581 B TWI526581 B TW I526581B TW 100131133 A TW100131133 A TW 100131133A TW 100131133 A TW100131133 A TW 100131133A TW I526581 B TWI526581 B TW I526581B
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- Prior art keywords
- carbon steel
- coating
- textured
- steel
- zinc
- Prior art date
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- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003666 anti-fingerprint Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010965 430 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001163841 Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000227425 Pieris rapae crucivora Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical class [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B1/227—Surface roughening or texturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
- B21B27/005—Rolls with a roughened or textured surface; Methods for making same
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
- Y10T29/49982—Coating
- Y10T29/49986—Subsequent to metal working
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12757—Fe
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Description
本發明申請案在此主張在2010年8月30日申請之具有相同標題之臨時專利申請案第61/378,194號之權益,其整個揭示內容以引用的方式併入本文中。
拋光不銹鋼比碳鋼昂貴。亦可難以移除諸如廚房器具等焊接不銹鋼組件上之指紋及污點。針對該等原因,已研發出若干較低成本之「仿不銹鋼」替代物,包含塗漆碳鋼及拋光或刷光熱浸鍍鋅(HDG)或電鍍鋅(EG)碳鋼。然而,塗漆產品不具有拋光不銹鋼之紋理。拋光/刷光HDG/EG產品之紋理與拋光不銹鋼更相似。然而,由於用於產生紋理化表面之研磨作業移除部分或全部鍍鋅塗層,故其更難以生產。此可影響材料之外觀均勻性及耐腐蝕性。
在一實施例中,可藉由經調質軋延機使用花面輥加工鍍鋅碳鋼以形成「拋光」型表面來生產「仿不銹鋼」。在此情形中,鍍鋅塗層不會因研磨而被移除,而是進行壓製從而提供較常規拋光或刷光更均勻之基材。然後可使用透明有機薄膜塗佈所得條帶以提供其他外觀及腐蝕益處,包含指紋抗性。
在一個態樣中,紋理化碳鋼包括具有鍍鋅塗層之碳鋼,其中對鍍鋅塗層實施壓製及紋理化。在一實施例中,紋理化碳鋼具有有機塗層。
在一個態樣中,製造紋理化碳鋼之方法包括壓製碳鋼上之鍍鋅塗層之步驟,其中該壓製在鍍鋅塗層上產生紋理。在一實施例中,該方法另外包括在鍍鋅塗層上塗佈有機塗層之步驟。
自附圖及其說明將易知該等及其他目標及優勢。
併入此說明書並構成此說明書之一部分之附圖圖解說明實施例,並與上文所給之一般闡述及下文所給實施例之詳細闡述一起用於解釋本發明之原理。
基於碳鋼之材料通常係鐵及碳與合金添加物之合金,該等合金添加物改良可加工性、可成形性、耐腐蝕性及其他期望性能特徵。由於表面之富鐵性質,該等材料易於因暴露於大氣水分、化學品等中而腐蝕。在許多情形下,使用諸如鋅或鋁等其他金屬塗佈碳鋼以改良腐蝕性能。鍍鋅鋼廣泛用於汽車車身板材、器具及建築產品。金屬塗佈碳鋼通常不形成基於鐵之常見「紅鏽(red rust)」腐蝕產物。在該等塗佈產品之表面上形成之氧化物在鍍鋅鋼情形下係「白鏽(white rust)」,而在富鋁表面上係較不可見之氧化鋁。在許多情形下,使用有機塗層覆蓋金屬塗佈鋼以提供額外之腐蝕保護以及外觀屬性。
除鐵、碳及與碳鋼相關之其他合金組份以外,不銹鋼含有鉻、鎳、或兩者。該等元素之存在改良耐腐蝕性以及外觀益處。大部分不銹鋼未塗漆,但經拋光表面加工以賦予材料期望紋理。除諸如商用廚房、浴室固定裝置、汽車飾件及建築板材等應用以外,拋光不銹鋼在家用器具應用中正逐漸流行。不銹鋼之缺點之一在於,由於存在鉻及鎳以及加工差異,其成本可超過碳鋼1倍或更多。不銹鋼亦易於留下指紋及其他難以移除之外觀污跡。因此,期望利用基於成本較低之碳鋼之產品,該等產品具有與不銹鋼相似之視覺外觀且亦提供較不易留下指紋之表面。因此,已引入若干種基於「仿不銹鋼」型碳鋼之產品以滿足該等需求。
在一實施例中,使電鍍鋅碳鋼條帶穿過調質軋延機,該調質軋延機使用與用於對不銹鋼施加工業「輥軋(rolled on)」表面處理者相同之花面工作輥(圖4)。與上文所論述研磨方法之一主要差異在於,在紋理化作業期間藉由軋延機輥施加之力壓製而非研磨鋅塗層。因此,在加工期間移除之鋅塗層之量極低。作為調質軋延機之替代方案,可使用配備有賦予基材紋理之花面工作輥之鋼加工輥軋機。與移除部分表面之帶式拋光或刷光相關的研磨作業相反,藉由軋延機輥施加之壓力壓製基材表面。調質軋延機之輥軋力可在500,000磅至1,100,000磅力之範圍內或在600,000磅至900,000磅力之範圍內,以確保自工作輥充分轉移紋理而不會損壞EG塗層。
紋理可具有約5微英吋至約60微英吋、或約20微英吋至約40微英吋之表面粗糙度。紋理可主要係單向平行紋或線。可藉由Byk Mirror Tri Gloss儀器以60°量測表面光澤;其可係100或更大,或200或更大。在量測此光澤時紋理化碳鋼上無有機塗層。
由於調質軋延機施加於不銹鋼表面上之力較大且事實上經紋理化表面係厚度小於0.5密耳(0.0005英吋)之金屬塗層,一個問題在於,較軟鋅表面對工作輥之反應與不銹鋼不同。此外,大部分不銹鋼穿過不使用潤滑液之「乾」調質軋延機,而在碳鋼調質中,在許多情形下,在加工期間用潤滑液淹沒其表面。因此,可預期該等問題會導致鋅之磨損、開裂或剝落在工作輥上積累,從而導致表面外觀之變形及不一致。在當前方法中,控制調質軋延機施加於EG表面上之壓力,以確保工作輥圖案之充分轉移但不足以使鋅塗層劣化。
可藉由在碳鋼上電鍍鋅來產生鍍鋅塗層。在一實施例中,塗層可選自鋅、鋅-鎳、鋅-鐵、鋁、或鋅-鋁。另一選擇係,可藉由熱浸碳鋼條帶來施加該等塗層。由於該方法之壓製性質,可使用相對輕之鋅或其他金屬塗層重量,例如30G/30G(每一側面上30 g/m2)。塗層重量可係約20 g/m2至約90 g/m2或可係約30 g/m2至約60 g/m2。使用研磨技術難以加工較輕塗層重量,此乃因相對薄之塗層之完整性更有可能受損。藉由該方法製造之紋理化碳鋼之顯微照片顯示,大部分EG塗層得以保留(圖5)。
該程序賦予軟鋅表面與在拋光不銹鋼上所見圖案相似之紋理。製程條件與彼等用於對不銹鋼施加輥軋表面處理者相似。一旦完成紋理作業,隨後使用聚合物薄膜塗佈卷材,該聚合物薄膜提供外觀、腐蝕及防指紋保護。該薄膜亦可含有抗菌添加劑,例如基於銀離子/沸石之AGION。
在一實施例中,使用有機塗層塗佈紋理化碳鋼,該有機塗層提供可根據最終應用而變化之額外腐蝕保護及外觀屬性。塗層可係透明聚酯薄膜,但亦可使用環氧樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂、聚胺基甲酸酯。塗層厚度可係0.5密耳(0.0005英吋)但可自約0.1密耳變化至約1.0密耳,或自約0.2密耳變化至0.6密耳。可調整塗層之光澤以提供期望程度之反射性及防指紋性。如藉由Byk Mirror Tri Gloss儀器所量測,典型60°光澤範圍可係10至85,其中較低反射程度促進防指紋性能且較高範圍提供「閃耀」或反射性外觀。光澤可在20至40之範圍內(用於防指紋性)或在65至85之範圍內(用於最大反射性)。在一實施例中,塗層可係半透明或不透明的,以向基材提供顏色或特定色調。諸如基於銀之抗菌劑或聚合物蠟等添加劑可含於塗層調配物中,以提供諸如抗菌保護等其他益處或改良可成形性。塗層之鉛筆硬度可具有F至5H之範圍或H至3H之範圍。
所得經有機塗佈且經紋理化及金屬塗佈之碳鋼將能夠使用習用金屬成形或成型設備來加工,且能使其經受彎曲、拉拔、拉伸作業且外觀臨界表面未出現剝落、破碎或其他損壞。可使用在紋理化之後但在塗佈之前對碳鋼之表面處理來改良有機薄膜對表面之黏附。表面處理之實例包含鋅或鐵之磷酸鹽、鉻酸鹽或基於水之用於促進有機塗層對金屬基材之黏附的環氧樹脂。對於一些應用而言,使用基於水之透明型環氧樹脂較佳。
在一實施例中,經有機塗佈及紋理化之碳鋼具有5微英吋至40微英吋或15微英吋至30微英吋之範圍之表面粗糙度。60°光澤可在10至85、或15至80之範圍內。如藉由引伸珠模擬器(Draw Bead Simulator)測試所量測,摩擦係數可在0.03至0.07之範圍內、或在0.4至0.06之範圍內。有機塗層厚度可係0.1密耳至約1.0密耳厚,或約0.2密耳至約0.6密耳。鉛筆硬度可在F至5H、或H至3H之範圍內。
可在用於拋光不銹鋼之生產線上加工電鍍鋅碳鋼條帶。藉由與研磨帶接觸來形成表面紋理。紋理化通常限於一個表面。條帶之速度、研磨帶之速度、所施加壓力、研磨劑之性質及磨料粒度以及所加工材料之硬度均會影響拋光產品之外觀。由於電鍍鋅鋼上之鋅表面相對於不銹鋼表面之較軟性質,故需要調整以確保在拋光期間不會完全移除鋅塗層。檢查來自以此方式加工之卷材之樣品的鋅塗層完整性,且發現自塗層重量觀點而言,在加工後保留約50%鋅。然而,所加工材料之剖面顯示,存在幾乎完全移除鋅塗層之隔離區域(圖1)。隨後使用透明聚合物薄膜塗佈該拋光碳鋼,以提供額外之障壁型腐蝕及防指紋保護。可調配塗層以提供不同程度之光澤及反射性。然而,在使用基於研磨之方法中,控制鋅移除之量並由此控制外觀一致性及性能的能力存在問題。
在有機塗佈之前暴露於室內環境條件中時,以此方式加工之板材形成較小「紅鏽」隔離區域,此表明所保留用以保護鋼基材之鋅不足。如在圖2中所顯示,在循環腐蝕測試之後,經有機塗佈之板材亦形成較小腐蝕相關之表面缺陷。測試條件與在實例3中所論述者相同。此會將該材料之應用限制為彼等有最低腐蝕或表面外觀要求者。
使用電鍍鋅碳鋼條帶實施第二試驗,其中對表面連續施加研磨刷型輥而非研磨帶。就鋅移除而言,此程序往往侵蝕性較小。然而,此程序導致視覺外觀偏離通常與拋光不銹鋼相關之期望紋理(圖3)。藉由改變加工條件,例如輥及條帶之相對速度、輥軋力及輥磨料及紋理,可形成更合意之外觀。然而,如同其他基於研磨之加工,同樣存在難以控制鋅移除之量之問題。因此,可能難以維持外觀之均勻性及腐蝕性能。在加工後對材料進行之視覺檢查顯示,所形成顯示於圖3中之表面紋理與拋光不銹鋼顯著不同,從而將該材料之應用限定於諸如裝飾性建築板材等專門應用。因此,研磨刷型輥之使用不會適用於較大體積之家用器具型應用。
對來自使用調質軋延機加工並隨後利用透明聚合物薄膜塗佈之電鍍鋅碳鋼卷材之樣品實施性能評估測試。移除之鍍鋅塗層之量極低。對樣品實施腐蝕及可成形性測試。在下文圖6中顯示腐蝕結果。
濕/乾循環腐蝕測試已顯示,具有輥軋紋理表面處理及有機塗層之電鍍鋅鋼呈現之表面點蝕少於拋光430不銹鋼。所測試之無有機塗層樣品亦未出現點蝕,但呈現鍍鋅鋼常見之白鏽區域。在4×6英吋樣品邊緣上貼膠帶以消除切邊效應,且將樣品在5%鹽溶液中浸泡15分鐘。然後將樣品風乾90分鐘且在60℃之濕度箱中置放約72小時。重複循環之浸泡/乾燥部分且將樣品在濕度箱中再置放約24小時,之後移出。視覺評估樣品以比較在各表面上所發現之腐蝕程度及類型。
可使用典型之金屬成形作業順利彎曲、拉拔、及拉伸具有透明有機塗層之紋理化電鍍鋅碳鋼之樣品(圖7)。在該等作業期間,表面未出現剝離、開裂或龜裂。該材料具有低摩擦係數有機塗層之固有益處,其可增強材料之可成形性。在許多情形下,將不需要使用其他濕型拉拔潤滑劑或黏合性塑膠薄膜。
利用Hille Wallace通用杯測試機形成大約1.25英吋深之方杯。所使用工具係1.375英吋打孔機及具有31/64半徑之1.483英吋底模。使用866型MTS成形壓機形成大約0.875英吋深之「平坦頂部」Marciniak穹頂。工具包含3.875英吋直徑打孔機及4.0英吋底模。使用Diacro Finger Brake及Wabash液壓機形成彎曲樣品。所有樣品皆係以經加工狀態(碳鋼基材+具有輥軋表面處理之EG塗層+有機透明塗層)來形成,而不施加其他基於油的成形潤滑劑或塑膠保護薄膜。
雖然已藉由闡述若干實施例來闡釋本發明且已相當詳細地闡述說明性實施例,但申請人並不意欲將隨附申請專利範圍之範圍限定或以任何方式限制於該等細節。熟習此項技術者可容易地瞭解其他優勢及修改形式。
圖1a繪示拋光EG碳鋼之剖面之掃描電子顯微鏡顯微照片。非紋理化頂部表面。
圖1b繪示拋光EG碳鋼之剖面之掃描電子顯微鏡顯微照片。紋理化底部表面。大部分EG塗層已移除。
圖2繪示對拋光EG碳鋼及經調質軋延機紋理化之EG碳鋼之循環腐蝕測試結果。
圖3a繪示常規拋光不銹鋼之光學顯微鏡影像。
圖3b繪示刷光EG碳鋼之光學顯微鏡影像。
圖4係紋理化方法之實施例之示意圖。
圖5繪示經EG塗佈之碳鋼薄板之剖面在調質軋延機紋理化之後的掃描電子顯微鏡顯微照片。
圖6繪示對不銹鋼、紋理化EG碳鋼及具有有機塗層之紋理化EG碳鋼之循環腐蝕測試結果。
圖7繪示對具有有機塗層之經調質軋延機紋理化之EG碳鋼之成型測試結果。
(無元件符號說明)
Claims (10)
- 一種紋理化碳鋼,其包括具有非研磨、經壓製及經紋理化鍍鋅塗層之碳鋼,其中該紋理具有5微英吋至60微英吋之表面粗糙度。
- 如請求項1之紋理化碳鋼,其中該鍍鋅塗層係選自鋅、鋅-鎳、鋅-鐵、鋁、或鋅-鋁。
- 如請求項1或2之紋理化碳鋼,其中該鍍鋅塗層係經電鍍鋅。
- 如請求項1之紋理化碳鋼,其中該鍍鋅塗層具有20g/m2至90g/m2之塗層重量。
- 如請求項1之紋理化碳鋼,其中該鋼另外包括選自聚酯、環氧樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂、及聚胺基甲酸酯之有機塗層。
- 如請求項1之紋理化碳鋼,其中該鋼另外包括有機塗層,其中該有機塗層具有0.1密耳至1.0密耳之厚度。
- 如請求項5之紋理化碳鋼,其中該經有機塗佈之鋼具有F至5H之鉛筆硬度範圍。
- 如請求項5之紋理化碳鋼,其中該經有機塗佈之紋理化碳鋼之表面具有5微英吋至40微英吋之表面粗糙度、10至85之60°光澤、及0.03至0.07之摩擦係數。
- 一種製造紋理化碳鋼之方法,其包括壓製碳鋼上之鍍鋅塗層之步驟,其中該壓製在該鍍鋅塗層上產生紋理,且藉由調質軋延機以500,000磅至1,100,000磅之力提供壓製。
- 如請求項9之方法,其另外包括在該鍍鋅塗層上塗佈有機塗層之步驟。
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US20140308448A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
JP2017136645A (ja) | 2017-08-10 |
JP2013536901A (ja) | 2013-09-26 |
MX351248B (es) | 2017-10-05 |
AU2011296224A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
BR112013004764A2 (pt) | 2016-08-02 |
KR20150052339A (ko) | 2015-05-13 |
CN103080385A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
EP2611951B1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
JP6227410B2 (ja) | 2017-11-08 |
JP6404388B2 (ja) | 2018-10-10 |
CN103080385B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
KR20130049818A (ko) | 2013-05-14 |
MX2013002410A (es) | 2013-04-05 |
CA2808892C (en) | 2016-04-19 |
KR20170045394A (ko) | 2017-04-26 |
TW201224224A (en) | 2012-06-16 |
WO2012030726A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
US20120219823A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
CA2808892A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
AU2011296224B2 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
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