TWI448815B

TWI448815B - Diaphragm device, camera, manufacturing method of diaphragm device, electronic equipment and mobile body drive device

Info

Publication number: TWI448815B
Application number: TW099145547A
Authority: TW
Inventors: Takashi Tomaru; Daisuke Harasawa; Naomichi Kohri
Original assignee: Japan Prec Instr Inc; Cbc Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-12-25
Filing date: 2010-12-23
Publication date: 2014-08-11
Also published as: JP2011133788A; KR20110074675A; CN102109734A; CN102109734B; KR101204723B1; TW201140229A

Description

光圈裝置、照相機、光圈裝置之製造方法、電子設備、及移動件驅動裝置Aperture device, camera, method of manufacturing aperture device, electronic device, and moving member driving device

本發明關於光圈裝置、照相機、光圈裝置的製造方法、電子設備、以及移動件驅動裝置。The present invention relates to an aperture device, a camera, a method of manufacturing the aperture device, an electronic device, and a moving member driving device.

一般而言，在照相機等光學設備中裝有用於調整入射光量的光圈裝置。就光圈裝置的結構的一例而言，有一種係藉由光圈構件的移動來進行光量調整。關於這種光圈裝置，例如在下述專利文獻1中記載有種光圈裝置使用步進電動機作為驅動源。並且，例如在專利文獻2中記載有種光圈裝置利用齒輪減速機構傳遞步進電動機的驅動力。In general, an optical device for adjusting the amount of incident light is mounted in an optical device such as a camera. As an example of the configuration of the aperture device, there is a method in which the amount of light is adjusted by the movement of the diaphragm member. In the above-described Patent Document 1, for example, a diaphragm device using a stepping motor as a drive source is described. Further, for example, Patent Document 2 describes that a diaphragm device transmits a driving force of a stepping motor by a gear reduction mechanism.

如上所述，在使用步進電動機作為光圈裝置的驅動源的情況下，輸入步進電動機的脈衝(用於驅動電動機的脈衝信號)的數量、頻率以及順序，分別成為決定步進電動機的旋轉角度、旋轉速度以及旋轉方向的參數。因此，在前述藉由光圈構件的移動來進行光量調整的情況下，需要以輸入步進電動機的脈衝的數量、頻率以及順序作為參數來控制步進電動機的驅動。As described above, in the case where a stepping motor is used as the driving source of the aperture device, the number, frequency, and order of the pulses (pulse signals for driving the motor) input to the stepping motor are respectively determined as the rotation angle of the stepping motor. , rotation speed and parameters of the direction of rotation. Therefore, in the case where the light amount adjustment is performed by the movement of the diaphragm member, it is necessary to control the driving of the stepping motor by using the number, frequency, and order of the pulses input to the stepping motor as parameters.

一般而言，在將步進電動機用於驅動源的控制系統中，利用感測器偵測下述情況：當驅動步進電動機時進行移動動作的移動件成為規定的動作狀態。並且，藉由以該偵測時序作為基準來設定例如輸入步進電動機的脈衝的數量和順序，能夠使上述移動件的動作狀態從上述規定的動作狀態過渡至定為目標的動作狀態。但是，此情況下，需要用於偵測移動件是否成為規定的動作狀態的感測器。因此，感測器的籌備和組裝所耗費的成本使光圈裝置的製造成本上升。In general, in a control system in which a stepping motor is used for a drive source, a sensor is used to detect a situation in which a moving member that performs a moving operation when a stepping motor is driven is in a predetermined operational state. Further, by setting the number and order of pulses of the input stepping motor based on the detection timing as a reference, the operation state of the moving member can be shifted from the predetermined operation state to the target operation state. However, in this case, a sensor for detecting whether or not the moving member is in a predetermined operational state is required. Therefore, the cost of preparation and assembly of the sensor increases the manufacturing cost of the aperture device.

因此，就不使用上述感測器的控制方式而言，也有提出一種方式，藉由構件彼此的抵靠來確定移動件成為規定的動作狀態(以下稱「抵靠方式」)(例如參照專利文獻3、4)。如果以上述移動件的例子描述該控制方式，則如下所述。Therefore, in the case of not using the above-described sensor control method, there is also proposed a method for determining that the moving member is in a predetermined operation state (hereinafter referred to as "abutment mode") by the abutment of the members (for example, refer to the patent document). 3, 4). If the control method is described by the above-described example of the moving member, it is as follows.

即，預先在移動件的移動範圍的一端設置止擋件(stopper)，以移動件(或者是與該移動件一起移動的構件)抵靠於該止擋件的狀態作為「規定的動作狀態」。並且，以該「規定的動作狀態」作為基準來設定輸入脈衝電動機的脈衝的數量和順序，藉此使移動件朝向定為目標的位置移動。That is, a stopper is provided in advance at one end of the moving range of the moving member, and the state in which the moving member (or the member moving together with the moving member) abuts against the stopper is regarded as the "predetermined operating state". . Then, the number and order of the pulses of the input pulse motor are set based on the "predetermined operating state" as a reference, whereby the moving member is moved toward the target position.

[專利文獻1]日本特許第4068684號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 4068084

[專利文獻2]日本特開平8-328080號公報[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-328080

[專利文獻3]日本特開平4-69625號公報[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-69625

[專利文獻4]日本特開2002-107791號公報[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-107791

但是，採用抵靠方式時存在有以下的不良情況。However, there are the following disadvantages when using the abutment method.

一般而言，步進電動機的驅動係藉由多個步(step)所構成的激磁模式的循環而進行。例如，在以由A-A'相和B-B'相構成的2相的步進電動機作為驅動標的時，分別藉由脈衝的輸入而依次切換對應於A-A'相的輸入端子A和輸入端子A'的電位狀態、以及對應於與B-B'相的輸入端子B和輸入端子B'的電位狀態而驅動步進電動機。In general, the drive of the stepping motor is performed by a cycle of the excitation modes formed by a plurality of steps. For example, when a two-phase stepping motor composed of an A-A' phase and a B-B' phase is used as a driving target, the input terminal A corresponding to the A-A' phase is sequentially switched by the input of the pulse, respectively. The stepping motor is driven by the potential state of the input terminal A' and the potential state of the input terminal B and the input terminal B' corresponding to the phase BB'.

例如，在第一步中，輸入使輸入端子A為Hi狀態、使輸入端子A'為Low狀態、使輸入端子B為Low狀態、使輸入端子B'為Hi狀態的脈衝，利用對應於該脈衝的輸入的激磁模式使步進電動機激磁。For example, in the first step, a pulse is input which causes the input terminal A to be in the Hi state, the input terminal A' to be in the Low state, the input terminal B to be in the Low state, and the input terminal B' to be in the Hi state, with the corresponding pulse The input excitation mode energizes the stepper motor.

並且，在第二步中，輸入形成使輸入端子A為Hi狀態、使輸入端子A'為Low狀態、使輸入端子B為Hi狀態、使輸入端子B'為Low狀態的激磁模式的脈衝，利用對應於該脈衝的輸入的激磁模式使步進電動機激磁。Further, in the second step, a pulse is formed in which the input terminal A is in the Hi state, the input terminal A' is in the Low state, the input terminal B is in the Hi state, and the input terminal B' is in the Low state. The excitation mode corresponding to the input of the pulse energizes the stepper motor.

並且，在第三步中，輸入形成使輸入端子A為Low狀態、使輸入端子A'為Hi狀態、使輸入端子B為Hi狀態、使輸入端子B'為Low狀態的激磁模式的脈衝，利用對應於該脈衝的輸入的激磁模式使步進電動機激磁。Further, in the third step, a pulse for forming an excitation mode in which the input terminal A is in the Low state, the input terminal A' is in the Hi state, the input terminal B is in the Hi state, and the input terminal B' is in the Low state is input. The excitation mode corresponding to the input of the pulse energizes the stepper motor.

並且，在第四步中，輸入形成使輸入端子A為Low狀態、使輸入端子A'為Hi狀態、使輸入端子B為Low狀態、使輸入端子B'為Hi狀態的激磁模式的脈衝，利用對應於該脈衝的輸入的激磁模式使步進電動機激磁。Further, in the fourth step, a pulse for forming an excitation mode in which the input terminal A is in the Low state, the input terminal A' is in the Hi state, the input terminal B is in the Low state, and the input terminal B' is in the Hi state is input. The excitation mode corresponding to the input of the pulse energizes the stepper motor.

在這種情況下，當在移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下將脈衝輸入步進電動機時，在脈衝的輸入數量與步進電動機的有效旋轉角度之間，最大會產生3步幅度的偏移。以下，舉出具體的事例進行說明。In this case, when a pulse is input to the stepping motor in a state where the moving member abuts against the stopper, a maximum of three steps is generated between the number of pulses input and the effective rotation angle of the stepping motor. Offset. Hereinafter, specific examples will be described.

此外，步進電動機的有效旋轉角度是指脈衝的輸入所致的步進電動機實際旋轉的角度。In addition, the effective rotation angle of the stepping motor refers to the angle at which the stepping motor actually rotates due to the input of the pulse.

首先，描述說明的前提事項。First, the premise of the description is described.

輸入步進電動機的脈衝的順序存在「遞升順序」與「遞降順序」2種模式。There are two modes of inputting the pulse of the stepping motor in the order of "step up" and "step down".

以遞升順序輸入脈衝的情況，係例如以下情況：當以第一步為第一脈衝時，按照第一步→第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。In the case of inputting pulses in ascending order, for example, when the first pulse is used as the first pulse, follow the first step → the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → (the same is performed later) The order of the cycles is input pulses.

以遞降順序輸入脈衝的情況，係例如以下情況：當以第四步為第一脈衝時，按照第四步→第三步→第二步→第一步→第四步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。The case where the pulse is input in descending order is, for example, the following case: when the fourth step is the first pulse, follow the fourth step → the third step → the second step → the first step → the fourth step → (the same is performed later) The order of the cycles is input pulses.

其中，使其當以遞升順序輸入脈衝時，步進電動機正轉，當以遞降順序輸入脈衝時，步進電動機反轉。並且，使其在步進電動機正轉的情況下，移動件朝遠離止擋件的方向移動，在步進電動機反轉的情況下，移動件朝接近止擋件的方向移動。Wherein, when the pulse is input in the ascending order, the stepping motor rotates forward, and when the pulse is input in descending order, the stepping motor is reversed. Further, in the case where the stepping motor rotates forward, the moving member moves in a direction away from the stopper, and in the case where the stepping motor is reversed, the moving member moves in a direction approaching the stopper.

又，就其他前提事項而言，當從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態將脈衝輸入步進電動機時，根據上述激磁模式的順序按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。Further, as for other preconditions, when a pulse is input to the stepping motor from a state in which the moving member abuts against the stopper, the second step → third step → fourth step → first is performed according to the order of the above excitation modes. Enter the pulse in the order of step → (the same cycle later).

在這種情況下，伴隨著脈衝的輸入的步進電動機的旋轉動作根據開始該旋轉時的(移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態時的)步進電動機的旋轉方向的角度位置而不同。In this case, the rotation operation of the stepping motor accompanying the input of the pulse differs depending on the angular position of the stepping motor in the rotation direction (when the moving member abuts against the stopper).

以下分成4個事例進行說明。The following is divided into four examples to illustrate.

(1)第一事例(1) First case

當在移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下而步進電動機停止在對應於上述第一步的激磁模式的角度的情況下，起始輸入第二步的脈衝時，步進電動機旋轉1步幅度。When the stepping motor stops at the angle corresponding to the excitation mode of the first step in a state where the moving member abuts against the stopper, the stepping motor rotates by one step when the pulse of the second step is started. Amplitude.

其次，當按照第三步→第四步→第一步的次序輸入脈衝時，步進電動機因應於此而逐步旋轉。Secondly, when the pulse is input in the order of the third step → the fourth step → the first step, the stepping motor is rotated step by step according to this.

結果，在從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→的次序總計將4個脈衝輸入步進電動機的階段中，步進電動機總計旋轉4步幅度。As a result, a total of 4 pulses are input to the stepping motor in the order of the moving member against the stopper in the order of the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → the stepping motor totals Rotate 4 steps in amplitude.

(2)第二事例(2) The second case

當在移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下而步進電動機停止在對應於上述第二步的激磁模式的角度的情況下，即使起始輸入第二步的脈衝，亦因步進電動機原本就停止在對應於第二步的激磁模式的角度，故步進電動機停止而不旋轉。When the stepping motor stops at the angle corresponding to the excitation mode of the second step in the state in which the moving member abuts against the stopper, even if the pulse of the second step is started, the stepping motor is originally The angle of the excitation mode corresponding to the second step is stopped, so that the stepping motor stops without rotating.

結果，在從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→的次序總計將4個脈衝輸入步進電動機的階段中，步進電動機總計旋轉3步幅度。As a result, a total of 4 pulses are input to the stepping motor in the order of the moving member against the stopper in the order of the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → the stepping motor totals Rotate 3 steps in amplitude.

(3)第三事例(3) The third case

當在移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下而步進電動機停止在對應於上述第三步的激磁模式的角度的情況下，即使起始輸入第二步的脈衝，步進電動機的旋轉也受到止擋件阻止。因此，步進電動機停止而不旋轉。When the stepping motor is stopped at the angle corresponding to the exciting mode of the third step in the state in which the moving member abuts against the stopper, even if the pulse of the second step is started, the rotation of the stepping motor is also Blocked by a stop. Therefore, the stepping motor stops without rotating.

其次，即使輸入第三步的脈衝，亦因步進電動機原本就停止在對應於第三步的激磁模式的角度，因此步進電動機停止而不旋轉。Secondly, even if the pulse of the third step is input, since the stepping motor originally stops at the angle corresponding to the exciting mode of the third step, the stepping motor stops without rotating.

其次，當按照第四步→第一步的次序輸入脈衝時，步進電動機因應於此而逐步旋轉。Secondly, when the pulse is input in the order of the fourth step → the first step, the stepping motor is rotated step by step according to this.

結果，在從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→的次序對步進電動機輸入總計4個脈衝的階段中，步進電動機總計旋轉2步幅度。As a result, the stepping motor is input to the stepping motor in a total of 4 pulses in the order of the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → in the state in which the moving member abuts against the stopper. A total of 2 steps of rotation.

(4)第四事例(4) Fourth case

當在移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下而步進電動機停止在對應於上述第四步的激磁模式的角度的情況下，起始輸入第二步的脈衝時，根據步進電動機的轉子與定子的相對位置關係的不同，步進電動機將進行以下描述的3個動作方式其中之一。When the stepping motor stops at the angle corresponding to the excitation mode of the fourth step in the state in which the moving member abuts against the stopper, when the pulse of the second step is started, according to the rotor of the stepping motor The stepping motor will perform one of the three action modes described below, depending on the relative positional relationship with the stator.

(4a)第一動作方式(4a) First action mode

起始輸入第二步的脈衝時，步進電動機超越對應於第一步的激磁模式的角度位置而旋轉2步幅度。When the pulse of the second step is initially input, the stepping motor rotates by 2 steps in amplitude beyond the angular position of the excitation mode corresponding to the first step.

結果，在從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→的次序總計將4個脈衝輸入步進電動機的階段中，步進電動機總計旋轉5步幅度。As a result, a total of 4 pulses are input to the stepping motor in the order of the moving member against the stopper in the order of the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → the stepping motor totals Rotate 5 steps in amplitude.

(4b)第二動作方式(4b) second action mode

起始輸入第二步的脈衝時，步進電動機欲超越對應於第三步的激磁模式的角度位置而返回對應於第二步的激磁模式的角度位置。但是，步進電動機的旋轉受到止擋件阻止。因此，步進電動機停止而不旋轉。When the pulse of the second step is initially input, the stepping motor intends to return the angular position corresponding to the excitation mode of the second step beyond the angular position of the excitation mode corresponding to the third step. However, the rotation of the stepper motor is blocked by the stopper. Therefore, the stepping motor stops without rotating.

其次，當輸入第三步的脈衝時，步進電動機想要返回與第三步的激磁模式對應的角度位置。但是，步進電動機的旋轉受到止擋件阻止。因此，步進電動機停止而不旋轉。Second, when the pulse of the third step is input, the stepping motor wants to return to the angular position corresponding to the excitation mode of the third step. However, the rotation of the stepper motor is blocked by the stopper. Therefore, the stepping motor stops without rotating.

其次，即使輸入第四步的脈衝，亦因步進電動機原本就停止在對應於第四步的激磁模式的角度停止，因此步進電動機停止而不旋轉。Secondly, even if the pulse of the fourth step is input, since the stepping motor is originally stopped at the angle corresponding to the exciting mode of the fourth step, the stepping motor stops without rotating.

其次，當輸入第一步的脈衝時，步進電動機旋轉1步幅度。Second, when the pulse of the first step is input, the stepping motor rotates by one step.

結果，在從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→的次序總計將4個脈衝輸入步進電動機的階段中，步進電動機總計旋轉1步幅度。As a result, a total of 4 pulses are input to the stepping motor in the order of the moving member against the stopper in the order of the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → the stepping motor totals Rotate 1 step amplitude.

(4c)第三動作方式(4c) third action mode

起始輸入第二步的脈衝時，作用於步進電動機的轉子的磁力(磁吸引力)成為在旋轉方向的一方和另一方之間達到平衡的狀態。因此，電動機停止而不旋轉。When the pulse of the second step is initially input, the magnetic force (magnetic attraction force) acting on the rotor of the stepping motor is in a state of being balanced between one of the rotating directions and the other. Therefore, the motor stops without rotating.

其次，當輸入第三步的脈衝時，步進電動機欲返回對應於第三步的激磁模式的角度位置。但是，步進電動機的旋轉受到止擋件阻止。因此，步進電動機停止而不旋轉。Secondly, when the pulse of the third step is input, the stepping motor is intended to return the angular position of the excitation mode corresponding to the third step. However, the rotation of the stepper motor is blocked by the stopper. Therefore, the stepping motor stops without rotating.

其次，即使輸入第四步的脈衝，亦因步進電動機原本就停止在對應於第四步的激磁模式的角度，因此步進電動機停止而不旋轉。Secondly, even if the pulse of the fourth step is input, since the stepping motor is originally stopped at the angle corresponding to the exciting mode of the fourth step, the stepping motor stops without rotating.

結果，在從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→的次序總計將4個脈衝輸入步進電動機的階段中，步進電動機總計旋轉1步幅度。As a result, in the state in which the moving member abuts against the stopper, a total of 4 pulses are input to the stepping motor in the order of the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → the stepping motor A total of 1 step is rotated.

從以上情況可以看出，當在移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態下將脈衝輸入步進電動機的情況下，脈衝的輸入數量與步進電動機的有效旋轉角度之間，最大會產生3步幅度的偏移。It can be seen from the above that in the case where a pulse is input to the stepping motor in a state where the moving member abuts against the stopper, the maximum number of pulses is between the number of pulses input and the effective rotation angle of the stepping motor. The offset of the amplitude.

這種步進電動機的旋轉角度的偏移例如在以步進電動機作為驅動源使移動件移動的情況下會引起如下的現象。Such a shift in the rotation angle of the stepping motor causes the following phenomenon, for example, when the moving member is moved by the stepping motor as a driving source.

即，當從移動件抵靠於止擋件的狀態將規定數量的脈衝輸入步進電動機時，基於該脈衝輸入的步進電動機驅動造成的移動件最終停止的位置，最大會產生相當於上述3步幅度的偏移。That is, when a predetermined number of pulses are input to the stepping motor from the state in which the moving member abuts against the stopper, the position at which the moving member is finally stopped due to the driving of the stepping motor based on the pulse input is generated to be equivalent to the above 3 The offset of the step amplitude.

因此，如上所述，在將步進電動機用於光圈裝置的驅動源中的情況下，光圈構件移動時的停止位置也會產生偏移(偏差)。Therefore, as described above, in the case where the stepping motor is used in the drive source of the diaphragm device, the stop position (deviation) at the stop position when the diaphragm member moves is also generated.

本發明的主要目的在於提供一種結構，當以抵靠方式驅動步進電動機時能夠防止光圈調整時的光圈構件的位置偏移。A main object of the present invention is to provide a structure capable of preventing positional displacement of an aperture member when diaphragm is adjusted when the stepping motor is driven in an abutting manner.

本發明的第一態樣係關於一種光圈裝置，上述光圈裝置包含：光圈構件，形成有供光通過的開口部；動作構件，使上述光圈構件在令上述開口部的開口徑改變的方向移動；限制單元，以抵靠方式限制上述光圈構件受上述動作構件所致的移動範圍的至少一端；步進電動機，作為驅動源；以及驅動力傳遞機構，將上述步進電動機的驅動力傳遞給上述動作構件；並且上述步進電動機和上述驅動力傳遞機構裝配成：當利用上述限制單元限制上述光圈構件的移動範圍的一端時，上述步進電動機的旋轉方向的停止角度成為預先決定的規定角度。A first aspect of the present invention relates to an aperture device including: an aperture member having an opening through which light passes; and an operation member moving the aperture member in a direction in which an opening diameter of the opening is changed; a limiting unit that limits at least one end of the moving range of the diaphragm member by the operating member in abutting manner; a stepping motor as a driving source; and a driving force transmitting mechanism that transmits the driving force of the stepping motor to the action And the stepping motor and the driving force transmission mechanism are configured such that when one end of the movement range of the diaphragm member is restricted by the restriction unit, a stop angle of a rotation direction of the stepping motor becomes a predetermined predetermined angle.

本發明的第二態樣係關於一種照相機，該照相機包含：上述第一態樣的光圈裝置；以及光電轉換元件，將穿過上述光圈構件所形成的上述開口部而入射的光轉換成電信號。A second aspect of the present invention relates to a camera comprising: the aperture device of the first aspect; and a photoelectric conversion element that converts light incident through the opening formed by the diaphragm member into an electrical signal .

本發明的第三態樣係關於一種光圈裝置的製造方法，上述光圈裝置包含：光圈構件，該光圈構件形成有供光通過的開口部；動作構件，使上述光圈構件在令上述開口部的開口徑改變的方向移動；限制單元，以抵靠方式限制上述光圈構件受上述動作構件所致的移動範圍的至少一端；步進電動機，作為驅動源；以及驅動力傳遞機構，將上述步進電動機的驅動力傳遞給上述動作構件；並且在製造這種光圈裝置時，在利用上述限制單元限制上述光圈構件的移動範圍的一端、且使上述步進電動機的旋轉方向的停止角度成為預先決定的規定角度的狀態下，裝配上述步進電動機和上述驅動力傳遞機構。A third aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an aperture device, comprising: a diaphragm member having an opening for allowing light to pass therethrough; and an operating member for causing the aperture member to open the opening a direction in which the aperture is changed; a limiting unit that limits at least one end of the range of movement of the aperture member to the action member by the abutting manner; a stepping motor as a driving source; and a driving force transmitting mechanism that applies the stepping motor The driving force is transmitted to the operating member; and when the diaphragm device is manufactured, one end of the moving range of the diaphragm member is restricted by the restricting means, and a stopping angle of the rotating direction of the stepping motor is set to a predetermined predetermined angle. In the state of the above, the stepping motor and the above-described driving force transmission mechanism are assembled.

根據本發明，當以抵靠方式驅動步進電動機時，能夠防止光圈調整時的光圈構件的位置偏移。According to the present invention, when the stepping motor is driven in the abutting manner, the positional shift of the diaphragm member at the time of diaphragm adjustment can be prevented.

(實施發明之最佳形態)(Best form of implementing the invention)

以下，參照圖式詳細說明本發明的具體的實施方式。Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

在本發明的實施方式中，按照以下的順序進行說明。In the embodiment of the present invention, the description will be made in the following order.

1.　照相機的結構Camera structure

2.　光圈裝置的結構2. Structure of the aperture device

2-1.　光圈裝置的機械結構2-1. Mechanical structure of the aperture device

2-1A.　光圈功能部的概要結構2-1A. Outline structure of the aperture function unit

2-1B.　光圈驅動部的概要結構2-1B. Outline structure of the diaphragm drive unit

2-1a.　光圈功能部的詳細結構2-1a. Detailed structure of the aperture function

2-1b.　光圈驅動部的詳細結構2-1b. Detailed structure of the diaphragm drive unit

2-2.　光圈裝置的控制系統的結構2-2. Structure of the control system of the aperture device

3.　光圈裝置的製造方法3. Method of manufacturing aperture device

3-1.　光圈驅動部的組裝程序3-1. Assembly procedure of the diaphragm drive unit

3-2.　光圈功能部的組裝程序3-2. Assembly procedure of the aperture function unit

4.　光圈裝置的動作4. Action of the aperture device

4-1.　基本的動作原理4-1. Basic principle of action

4-2.　收縮光圈的動作4-2. Shrinking the aperture

4-3.　開放光圈的動作4-3. Opening aperture movement

4-4.　調整光圈的動作4-4. Adjusting the aperture movement

5.　光圈裝置的驅動方法5. Driving method of aperture device

6.　本實施方式所涉及的效果6. Effects of the present embodiment

7.　變形例7. Variants

<1.　照相機的結構><1. Structure of the camera>

圖1係顯示應用本發明的照相機的結構例的圖，(A)是照相機整體的外觀圖，(B)是鏡筒內部的概要圖。圖示的照相機100例如是為了防止犯罪的目的而設置於建築物的天花板部分(或者牆壁等)的監視攝影機。該照相機100具備安裝基座101和照相機主體102。安裝基座101例如為藉由螺絲鎖固而固定於建築物的天花板部分的構造。照相機主體102具備鏡筒部103和物鏡104。物鏡104安裝在鏡筒部103的前端。在鏡筒部103的內部裝有包含上述物鏡104的光學系統。並且裝有後述光圈裝置1和攝影元件105，作為光學系統的一個功能部。攝影元件105例如由CCD(電荷耦合元件，Charge Coupled Device)攝影元件、CMOS(互補金屬氧化物半導體，Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)攝影元件等構成。攝影元件105係裝入作為光電轉換元件的一例，該光電轉換元件係將穿過後述光圈裝置的光圈構件(後述)所形成的開口部而入射的光轉換成電信號。另外，本發明並不限定於此處舉例顯示的照相機100，也能夠應用於具備光圈裝置1的其他結構的照相機。並且，就光學系統的結構而言，透鏡的種類、片數、配置或者光圈裝置1的配置等能夠進行各種變更。Fig. 1 is a view showing a configuration example of a camera to which the present invention is applied, (A) is an external view of the entire camera, and (B) is a schematic view of the inside of the lens barrel. The camera 100 shown in the figure is, for example, a surveillance camera installed on a ceiling portion (or a wall or the like) of a building for the purpose of preventing crime. The camera 100 includes a mounting base 101 and a camera body 102. The mounting base 101 is, for example, a structure that is fixed to a ceiling portion of a building by screwing. The camera body 102 includes a barrel portion 103 and an objective lens 104. The objective lens 104 is attached to the front end of the barrel portion 103. An optical system including the objective lens 104 described above is mounted inside the barrel portion 103. Further, a diaphragm device 1 and an imaging element 105, which will be described later, are provided as one functional portion of the optical system. The imaging element 105 is composed of, for example, a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) imaging element, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) imaging element, or the like. The imaging element 105 is incorporated as an example of a photoelectric conversion element that converts light incident through an opening formed by a diaphragm member (described later) of a diaphragm device to be described later into an electric signal. Further, the present invention is not limited to the camera 100 exemplified herein, and can be applied to a camera having another configuration of the diaphragm device 1. Further, in the configuration of the optical system, various types of lenses, the number of sheets, the arrangement, the arrangement of the diaphragm device 1, and the like can be variously changed.

＜2.　光圈裝置的結構＞<2. Structure of the aperture device>

[2-1.　光圈裝置的機械結構][2-1. Mechanical structure of the aperture device]

圖2係顯示本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置的機械結構例的立體圖。圖示的光圈裝置1大致區分為光圈功能部2和光圈驅動部3。2 is a perspective view showing an example of a mechanical configuration of an aperture device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The aperture device 1 shown in the drawing is roughly divided into an aperture function unit 2 and a diaphragm drive unit 3.

[2-1A.　光圈功能部的概要結構][2-1A. Outline structure of aperture function unit]

光圈功能部2為包含以下構件的結構：葉片基板4，形成為用於安裝構成光圈裝置1的機械構件的基座；2片光圈葉片5、6，作為光圈構件的一例；以及葉片罩7，從外部遮蔽光圈葉片5、6而保護光圈葉片5、6。The diaphragm function unit 2 is configured to include a blade substrate 4 formed as a susceptor for mounting a mechanical member constituting the diaphragm device 1 , two aperture blades 5 and 6 as an example of a diaphragm member, and a blade cover 7 The aperture blades 5, 6 are shielded from the outside to protect the aperture blades 5, 6.

[2-1B.　光圈驅動部3的概要結構][2-1B. Outline Configuration of Aperture Driving Unit 3]

光圈驅動部3為包含以下構件的結構：步進電動機8，作為驅動源；罩蓋構件9，用於安裝該步進電動機8；叉形構件10，用於進行構件的緊固；多個(在圖示例中為4個)中間齒輪(從動齒輪)11～14，用於傳遞驅動力；動作構件15，使光圈葉片5、6移動；以及托架構件16，用於將各種構件安裝於葉片基板4。The diaphragm driving portion 3 is a structure including a stepping motor 8 as a driving source, a cover member 9 for mounting the stepping motor 8, and a fork member 10 for fastening the members; In the illustrated example, four intermediate gears (driven gears) 11 to 14 for transmitting a driving force, an operating member 15 for moving the diaphragm blades 5, 6 and a bracket member 16 for mounting various members. On the blade substrate 4.

[2-1a.　光圈功能部的詳細結構][2-1a. Detailed structure of the aperture function unit]

以下對光圈功能部2的詳細結構進行說明。The detailed configuration of the diaphragm function unit 2 will be described below.

(a1.　葉片基板)(a1. Blade substrate)

圖3係顯示葉片基板的構造的立體圖。葉片基板4例如使用樹脂構成。葉片基板4形成為俯視呈大致長方形。葉片基板4一體地具有第一基板部分17和第二基板部分18，第一基板部分17用於裝入光圈驅動部3，第二基板部分18用於安裝光圈葉片5、6。Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a blade substrate. The blade substrate 4 is made of, for example, a resin. The blade substrate 4 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The blade substrate 4 integrally has a first substrate portion 17 for housing the diaphragm driving portion 3 and a second substrate portion 18 for mounting the diaphragm blades 5, 6.

在第一基板部分17設置有2個小孔19和3個周壁20。小孔19為定位用的孔，用於決定托架構件16的旋轉方向的安裝位置。各個小孔19以在厚度方向貫穿葉片基板4的狀態形成為俯視圓形。3個周壁20在沿著葉片基板4的主面的方向，引導托架構件16的安裝位置。各個周壁20沿著同一圓周形成。並且，各個周壁20以從葉片基板4的主面垂直(葉片基板4的厚度方向)地立起的狀態一體地形成於葉片基板4。Two small holes 19 and three peripheral walls 20 are provided in the first substrate portion 17. The small hole 19 is a hole for positioning for determining the mounting position of the bracket member 16 in the rotational direction. Each of the small holes 19 is formed in a circular shape in a plan view in a state of penetrating the blade substrate 4 in the thickness direction. The three peripheral walls 20 guide the mounting position of the bracket member 16 in the direction along the main surface of the blade substrate 4. Each peripheral wall 20 is formed along the same circumference. Further, each of the peripheral walls 20 is integrally formed on the blade substrate 4 in a state of being perpendicular to the main surface of the blade substrate 4 (the thickness direction of the blade substrate 4).

在第二基板部分18設置有開口部21和多個突起部22。開口部21形成為在葉片基板4的長度方向較長的俯視鑰匙孔形。開口部21係以重疊於2片(一對)光圈葉片5、6所形成的開口部的方式配置。The second substrate portion 18 is provided with an opening portion 21 and a plurality of protrusion portions 22. The opening portion 21 is formed in a shape of a keyhole in a plan view that is long in the longitudinal direction of the blade substrate 4. The opening 21 is disposed so as to overlap the opening formed by the two (a pair of) diaphragm blades 5 and 6.

如圖4所示，在葉片基板4的下面側(從圖3的斜視方向觀察的相反側)形成有多個突起部4A。多個突起部4A係用於引導光圈葉片5、6的移動。各個突起部4A的端部彎曲成L字形。又，在葉片基板4的下面側設置有作為限制單元的一例的止擋部4B。止擋部4B以在後述動作構件15的勾掛部43B的移動範圍的終端部形成壁面的方式配置。並且，在葉片基板4的兩個長邊部設置有臂部23。各個臂部23存在於葉片基板4的長邊方向上第一基板部分17與第二基板部分18的交界部。並且，各個臂部23分別以從對應的葉片基板4的長邊部沿該葉片基板4的寬度方向(短邊方向)突出的狀態設置。As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of protrusions 4A are formed on the lower surface side of the blade substrate 4 (the side opposite to the squint direction of FIG. 3). The plurality of protrusions 4A are for guiding the movement of the diaphragm blades 5, 6. The ends of the respective protrusions 4A are bent in an L shape. Further, a stopper portion 4B as an example of a restriction means is provided on the lower surface side of the blade substrate 4. The stopper portion 4B is disposed such that a wall surface is formed at a terminal end portion of a movement range of the hook portion 43B of the operation member 15 to be described later. Further, the arm portions 23 are provided on the two long side portions of the blade substrate 4. Each of the arm portions 23 exists at a boundary portion between the first substrate portion 17 and the second substrate portion 18 in the longitudinal direction of the blade substrate 4. Further, each of the arm portions 23 is provided in a state of protruding from the long side portion of the corresponding blade substrate 4 in the width direction (short side direction) of the blade substrate 4.

(a2.　一側的光圈葉片)(a2. Aperture blades on one side)

光圈葉片5例如採用以碳膜包覆由聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(以下稱「PET」)形成的板狀原材料的表面而成的構件來構成。光圈葉片5整體形成為薄板狀。在光圈葉片5設置有1個孔部24、3條引導槽25、以及1個卡合孔26。孔部24形成為使正圓的一部分呈大致V字形地擴大的平面形狀。3條引導槽25沿著光圈葉片5的長度方向彼此平行地形成。各條引導槽25的長軸方向的一端部，分別形成為槽徑大於其他部分。3條引導槽25中的2條引導槽25形成於同一直線上。並且，餘下的1條引導槽25隔著孔部24配置在上述2條引導槽25的相反側。卡合孔26配置在上述2條引導槽25的延長線上。卡合孔26在與引導槽25呈大致直角的方向形成為俯視長孔狀。卡合孔26的長軸方向的一端部形成為槽徑大於其他的部分。The aperture blade 5 is configured by, for example, a member obtained by coating a surface of a plate-shaped material formed of polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as "PET") with a carbon film. The diaphragm blades 5 are formed in a thin plate shape as a whole. The aperture blade 5 is provided with one hole portion 24, three guide grooves 25, and one engagement hole 26. The hole portion 24 is formed in a planar shape in which a part of the perfect circle is enlarged in a substantially V shape. The three guide grooves 25 are formed in parallel with each other along the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm blades 5. One end portion of each of the guide grooves 25 in the longitudinal direction is formed to have a larger groove diameter than the other portions. Two of the three guide grooves 25 are formed on the same straight line. Further, the remaining one guide groove 25 is disposed on the opposite side of the two guide grooves 25 with the hole portion 24 interposed therebetween. The engagement holes 26 are disposed on the extension lines of the above two guide grooves 25. The engagement hole 26 is formed in a long hole shape in plan view at a direction substantially perpendicular to the guide groove 25. One end portion of the engaging hole 26 in the longitudinal direction is formed to have a larger groove diameter than the other portions.

(a3.　另一側的光圈葉片)(a3. The aperture blade on the other side)

與上述光圈葉片5同樣，光圈葉片6例如採用以碳膜包覆由PET構成的板狀原材料的表面而成的構件，且整體形成為薄板狀。在光圈葉片6設置有個彎曲部27、3條引導槽28、以及1個卡合孔29。彎曲部27形成為在光圈葉片6的長度方向凹陷成凹狀的狀態。彎曲部27形成為使半圓(或者橢圓)的一部分呈大致V字形地擴大的平面形狀。3條引導槽28沿著光圈葉片6的長邊方向彼此平行地形成。各條引導槽28的長軸方向的一端部，分別形成為槽徑大於其他的部分。3條引導槽28中的2條引導槽28形成於同一直線上。並且，餘下的1條引導槽28隔著彎曲部27配置在上述2條引導槽28的相反側。卡合孔29配置在上述2條引導槽28的延長線上。卡合孔29在與引導槽28呈大致直角的方向形成為俯視長孔狀。卡合孔29的長軸方向的一端部形成槽徑大於其他的部分。Similarly to the diaphragm blade 5, the diaphragm blade 6 is formed by, for example, covering a surface of a plate-shaped material made of PET with a carbon film, and is formed in a thin plate shape as a whole. The diaphragm blade 6 is provided with a bent portion 27, three guide grooves 28, and one engagement hole 29. The curved portion 27 is formed in a state of being recessed in a concave shape in the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm blade 6. The curved portion 27 is formed in a planar shape in which a part of a semicircle (or an ellipse) is enlarged in a substantially V shape. The three guide grooves 28 are formed in parallel with each other along the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm blades 6. One end portion of each of the guide grooves 28 in the longitudinal direction is formed to have a larger groove diameter than the other portions. Two of the three guide grooves 28 are formed on the same straight line. Further, the remaining one guide groove 28 is disposed on the opposite side of the two guide grooves 28 via the curved portion 27. The engagement holes 29 are disposed on the extension lines of the above two guide grooves 28. The engagement hole 29 is formed in a long hole shape in plan view at a direction substantially perpendicular to the guide groove 28. One end portion of the engagement hole 29 in the longitudinal direction is formed to have a larger groove diameter than the other portions.

光圈葉片5和光圈葉片6的相對位置關係如下所述。The relative positional relationship between the aperture blade 5 and the aperture blade 6 is as follows.

2片光圈葉片5、6以上下的位置關係而相疊。具體而言，在使光圈葉片5位於上側、使光圈葉片6位於下側的位置關係中，2片光圈葉片5、6彼此相疊。並且，規定光圈葉片5的孔部24的正圓部分的直徑和規定光圈葉片6的彎曲部27的半圓部分的直徑大致為同一尺寸。並且，位於光圈葉片5的短邊方向的卡合孔26的形成部位，和位於光圈葉片6的短邊方向的卡合孔29的形成部位，彼此形成於相反的方向。因此，在使2片光圈葉片5、6彼此相疊的狀態下，卡合孔26和卡合孔29係以彼此錯開位置的形式配置。並且，在該狀態中，在光圈葉片5的孔部24和光圈葉片6的彎曲部27的重疊部分形成有開口部(供光通過的開口部)。但是，根據光圈葉片5、6的位置的不同，有時該開口部完全封閉。The two aperture blades 5, 6 or more are placed in a positional relationship. Specifically, in the positional relationship in which the diaphragm blades 5 are positioned on the upper side and the diaphragm blades 6 are located on the lower side, the two aperture blades 5 and 6 are stacked one on another. Further, it is defined that the diameter of the perfect circular portion of the hole portion 24 of the diaphragm blade 5 and the diameter of the semicircular portion of the curved portion 27 of the predetermined diaphragm blade 6 are substantially the same size. Further, the portion where the engaging hole 26 is formed in the short-side direction of the diaphragm blade 5 and the portion where the engaging hole 29 is located in the short-side direction of the diaphragm blade 6 are formed in opposite directions. Therefore, in a state in which the two aperture blades 5, 6 are stacked one on another, the engagement hole 26 and the engagement hole 29 are arranged in a position shifted from each other. In this state, an opening portion (an opening through which light is supplied) is formed in a portion where the hole portion 24 of the diaphragm blade 5 and the curved portion 27 of the diaphragm blade 6 overlap. However, depending on the position of the diaphragm blades 5, 6, the opening may be completely closed.

(a4.　葉片罩)(a4. Blade cover)

葉片罩7例如使用鋁等金屬形成。葉片罩7以與上述葉片基板4同樣的大小形成為俯視大致長方形。在葉片罩7設置有1個開口部30和2個餘隙槽部31A、31B。開口部30形成為俯視大致卵形(繭形)。開口部30以重疊於2片光圈葉片5、6所形成的開口部的方式配置。餘隙槽部31A、31B在葉片罩7的短邊方向的一側和另一側上形成相對狀態。各個餘隙槽部31以在厚度方向貫穿葉片罩7的狀態形成為俯視大致弧狀。The blade cover 7 is formed using, for example, a metal such as aluminum. The blade cover 7 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view in the same size as the blade substrate 4 described above. The blade cover 7 is provided with one opening portion 30 and two clearance groove portions 31A and 31B. The opening portion 30 is formed in a substantially oval shape in a plan view. The opening 30 is disposed so as to overlap the opening formed by the two aperture blades 5 and 6. The clearance groove portions 31A, 31B are opposed to each other on one side and the other side in the short-side direction of the blade cover 7. Each of the clearance groove portions 31 is formed in a substantially arc shape in plan view so as to penetrate the blade cover 7 in the thickness direction.

[2-1b.　光圈驅動部的詳細結構][2-1b. Detailed structure of the diaphragm drive unit]

以下說明光圈驅動部3的詳細結構。The detailed structure of the diaphragm driving unit 3 will be described below.

(b1.　驅動源)(b1. drive source)

就光圈裝置1的驅動源而言，設置有步進電動機8。本實施方式中使用2相的步進電動機作為驅動源的一例。但是，本發明並不限於此，也可以使用其他的步進電動機。就步進電動機8的特性而言，例如旋轉方向的1步幅度的旋轉角度(步進角)為18°。在該情況下，當藉由脈衝的輸入使步進電動機8動作20步時，步進電動機8旋轉1周(旋轉360°)。在步進電動機8的旋轉軸(輸出軸)以同軸狀方式安裝有未圖示的驅動齒輪。該驅動齒輪與步進電動機8的旋轉軸一體地旋轉。As the driving source of the aperture device 1, a stepping motor 8 is provided. In the present embodiment, a two-phase stepping motor is used as an example of a driving source. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other stepping motors may be used. As for the characteristics of the stepping motor 8, for example, the rotation angle (step angle) of the one-step amplitude in the rotational direction is 18°. In this case, when the stepping motor 8 is operated by 20 steps by the input of the pulse, the stepping motor 8 is rotated by one rotation (360° rotation). A drive gear (not shown) is coaxially mounted to the rotating shaft (output shaft) of the stepping motor 8. The drive gear rotates integrally with the rotation shaft of the stepping motor 8.

在步進電動機8的主體部分設置有爪部32。爪部32夾著步進電動機8的主體部分而在通過該主體部分的中心的假想直線上的一側和另一側各設置有1個。從步進電動機8的主體部分引出有配線部33。在配線部33的終端部設置有連接器部34。配線部33和連接器部34是為了輸入用於驅動步進電動機8的脈衝的構件。A claw portion 32 is provided at a main portion of the stepping motor 8. The claw portion 32 is provided with one of the one side and the other side on the imaginary straight line passing through the center of the main body portion, with the main body portion of the stepping motor 8 interposed therebetween. A wiring portion 33 is drawn from the main body portion of the stepping motor 8. The connector portion 34 is provided at the end portion of the wiring portion 33. The wiring portion 33 and the connector portion 34 are members for inputting a pulse for driving the stepping motor 8.

(b2.　罩蓋構件)(b2. Cover member)

罩蓋構件9例如使用樹脂形成。罩蓋構件9形成為俯視大致圓形。罩蓋構件9係用於將步進電動機8藉由托架構件16而安裝於葉片基板4的構件。在罩蓋構件9設置有一對第一鉤部35、一對(在圖示例中僅表顯示1個)第二鉤部36、引導壁37、1個孔部38、以及2個夾持部39。The cover member 9 is formed using, for example, a resin. The cover member 9 is formed in a substantially circular shape in plan view. The cover member 9 is a member for attaching the stepping motor 8 to the blade substrate 4 by the bracket member 16. The cover member 9 is provided with a pair of first hook portions 35, a pair (only one of which is shown in the drawing example), a second hook portion 36, a guide wall 37, a hole portion 38, and two clamping portions. 39.

第一鉤部35是用於將步進電動機8固定於罩蓋構件9的部分。第一鉤部35夾著孔部38而彼此相對。第二鉤部36配置於罩蓋構件9的圓周方向且與第一鉤部35相位錯開的位置。並且，第二鉤部36在夾著孔部38而相對的位置分別形成1個。The first hook portion 35 is a portion for fixing the stepping motor 8 to the cover member 9. The first hook portions 35 are opposed to each other with the hole portion 38 interposed therebetween. The second hook portion 36 is disposed at a position in the circumferential direction of the cover member 9 and is phase-shifted from the first hook portion 35. Further, the second hook portion 36 is formed at a position facing each other with the hole portion 38 interposed therebetween.

引導壁37在罩蓋構件9的圓周方向且分開配置於2處。孔部38形成為俯視圓形。孔部38允許安裝於上述步進電動機8的旋轉軸的驅動齒輪***，且在該***狀態下允許驅動齒輪與中間齒輪11之間的嚙合。夾持部39用於緊固步進電動機8的配線部33或未圖示的其他的配線部。The guide walls 37 are disposed at two locations in the circumferential direction of the cover member 9 and separately. The hole portion 38 is formed in a circular shape in plan view. The hole portion 38 allows insertion of a drive gear mounted to the rotating shaft of the above-described stepping motor 8, and allows engagement between the drive gear and the intermediate gear 11 in the inserted state. The nip portion 39 is for fastening the wiring portion 33 of the stepping motor 8 or another wiring portion (not shown).

(b3.　叉形構件)(b3. Fork member)

叉形構件10例如使用SUS等金屬形成。中間齒輪11形成為俯視大致圓形。在叉形構件10設置有孔部41、2個腿部40、以及2個餘隙部42。腿部40用於將叉形構件10本身安裝於葉片基板4。各個腿部40在叉形構件10的主體部分(圓盤部分)的圓周上以從相對置的2處分別沿叉形構件10的厚度方向延伸出來的狀態形成。孔部41以貫穿叉形構件10的主體部分的狀態形成。孔部41與上述罩蓋構件9的孔部38均允許驅動齒輪和中間齒輪11之間的嚙合。餘隙部42在叉形構件10的主體部分的圓周上的2處與腿部40錯開位置形成。餘隙部42用於避免安裝罩蓋構件9時與該罩蓋構件9的第二鉤部36之間的位置干涉。The fork member 10 is formed using, for example, a metal such as SUS. The intermediate gear 11 is formed in a substantially circular shape in plan view. The fork member 10 is provided with a hole portion 41, two leg portions 40, and two clearance portions 42. The leg portion 40 is for mounting the fork member 10 itself to the blade substrate 4. Each of the leg portions 40 is formed on the circumference of the main body portion (disk portion) of the fork member 10 in a state of extending from the opposite positions 2 in the thickness direction of the fork member 10, respectively. The hole portion 41 is formed in a state of penetrating the body portion of the fork member 10. Both the hole portion 41 and the hole portion 38 of the above-described cover member 9 allow the engagement between the drive gear and the intermediate gear 11. The clearance portion 42 is formed at a position on the circumference of the main body portion of the fork member 10 at a position offset from the leg portion 40. The clearance portion 42 serves to avoid positional interference with the second hook portion 36 of the cover member 9 when the cover member 9 is attached.

(b2.　齒輪系)(b2. Gear train)

多個中間齒輪11～14與上述驅動齒輪一起構成齒輪系。該齒輪系設置作為驅動力傳遞機構的一例。各個中間齒輪11～14例如使用樹脂構成。並且，中間齒輪11使用正齒輪構成。中間齒輪12～14分別採用將大小2個正齒輪同軸狀地一體化的齒輪構造。令安裝於步進電動機8的輸出軸的驅動齒輪作為最上游的齒輪時，中間齒輪11為從最上游起第二個齒輪，中間齒輪12為從最上游起第三個齒輪，中間齒輪13為從最上游起第四個齒輪，中間齒輪14為從最上游起第五個齒輪。The plurality of intermediate gears 11 to 14 constitute a gear train together with the above-described drive gears. This gear train is provided as an example of a driving force transmission mechanism. Each of the intermediate gears 11 to 14 is made of, for example, a resin. Further, the intermediate gear 11 is constituted by a spur gear. Each of the intermediate gears 12 to 14 has a gear structure in which two spur gears are coaxially integrated. When the drive gear mounted on the output shaft of the stepping motor 8 is the most upstream gear, the intermediate gear 11 is the second gear from the most upstream, the intermediate gear 12 is the third gear from the most upstream, and the intermediate gear 13 is From the most upstream gear, the intermediate gear 14 is the fifth gear from the most upstream.

就齒輪系的嚙合的方式而言，驅動齒輪與中間齒輪11嚙合，中間齒輪11同時與驅動齒輪和中間齒輪12的大徑側的齒輪部分嚙合。中間齒輪12的小徑側的齒輪部分與中間齒輪13的大徑側的齒輪部分嚙合。中間齒輪13的小徑側的齒輪部分與中間齒輪14的大徑側的齒輪部分嚙合。中間齒輪14的小徑側的齒輪部分與動作構件15的內齒齒輪部(後述)嚙合。In terms of the meshing mode of the gear train, the drive gear meshes with the intermediate gear 11, and the intermediate gear 11 simultaneously meshes with the gear portions of the drive gear and the large-diameter side of the intermediate gear 12. The gear portion on the small diameter side of the intermediate gear 12 meshes with the gear portion on the large diameter side of the intermediate gear 13. The gear portion on the small diameter side of the intermediate gear 13 meshes with the gear portion on the large diameter side of the intermediate gear 14. The gear portion on the small diameter side of the intermediate gear 14 meshes with the internal gear portion (described later) of the operating member 15.

(b3.　動作構件)(b3. Action component)

圖5係顯示動作構件的構造的立體圖。動作構件15例如使用樹脂形成。動作構件15形成為俯視大致圓形。在動作構件15設置有2個勾掛部43A、43B、2個餘隙孔部44、內齒齒輪部45、軸孔部46、以及2個凹陷部47。Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an action member. The action member 15 is formed using, for example, a resin. The operating member 15 is formed in a substantially circular shape in plan view. The operating member 15 is provided with two hooking portions 43A and 43B, two clearance holes 44, an internal gear portion 45, a shaft hole portion 46, and two recessed portions 47.

2個勾掛部43A、43B在動作構件15的主體部分(圓盤部分)的圓周上配置在從相對置的2處分別朝動作構件15的直徑方向(外側)突出的位置。各個勾掛部43A、43B形成為大致L字形。The two hooking portions 43A and 43B are disposed on the circumference of the main body portion (disk portion) of the operating member 15 at positions facing the diameter direction (outer side) of the operating member 15 from the opposite positions. Each of the hooking portions 43A and 43B is formed in a substantially L shape.

2個餘隙孔部44分別形成為俯視圓弧狀的長孔形狀。各個餘隙孔部44在厚度方向貫穿動作構件15的主體部分。並且，2個餘隙孔部44形成於夾著軸孔部46的位置。內齒齒輪部45形成於動作構件15的內側。內齒齒輪部45在以軸孔部46為中心的圓周方向上略小於180°的角度(例如160°上下)的範圍內形成。軸孔部46形成於動作構件15的主體部分的中心部。軸孔部46以貫穿動作構件15的主體部分的中心的狀態形成。2個凹陷部47分別在動作構件15的主體部分的頂面以朝上開口的狀態形成。各個凹陷部47中分別***有1個對應於凹陷部的磁鐵48。Each of the two clearance holes 44 is formed in a long hole shape in an arc shape in plan view. Each of the clearance holes 44 penetrates the main body portion of the operating member 15 in the thickness direction. Further, the two clearance holes 44 are formed at positions sandwiching the shaft hole portion 46. The internal gear portion 45 is formed inside the operating member 15. The internal gear portion 45 is formed in a range of slightly less than 180° (for example, 160° up and down) in the circumferential direction around the axial hole portion 46. The shaft hole portion 46 is formed at a central portion of the main body portion of the operating member 15. The shaft hole portion 46 is formed in a state of penetrating the center of the main body portion of the operating member 15. The two recessed portions 47 are formed in a state in which the top surface of the main body portion of the operating member 15 is opened upward. One magnet 48 corresponding to the recessed portion is inserted into each of the recessed portions 47.

(b4.　托架構件)(b4. Bracket member)

托架構件16例如使用樹脂形成。托架構件16形成為一體地具備底板部50和一對側壁部49的結構。一對側壁部49以彼此相對的狀態配置。一對側壁部49以從底板部50大致垂直地立起的狀態形成。底板部50連結一對側壁部49。The bracket member 16 is formed using, for example, a resin. The bracket member 16 is formed to integrally include the bottom plate portion 50 and the pair of side wall portions 49. The pair of side wall portions 49 are disposed in a state of being opposed to each other. The pair of side wall portions 49 are formed in a state of being vertically raised from the bottom plate portion 50. The bottom plate portion 50 connects the pair of side wall portions 49.

在一對側壁部49設置有總計2個勾掛孔部51、總計4個銷部52、以及總計2個凹陷部53。勾掛孔部51用於勾掛上述罩蓋構件9的第二鉤部36。銷部52在一對側壁部49的頂面各設置有2個。各個銷部52以朝上突出的狀態設置。凹陷部53以使側壁部49的外側的外周面局部地凹陷的狀態設置。在凹陷部53中安裝有磁鐵54。A total of two hooking holes 51, a total of four pin portions 52, and a total of two recessed portions 53 are provided in the pair of side wall portions 49. The hooking hole portion 51 is for hooking the second hook portion 36 of the cover member 9. The pin portion 52 is provided in each of the top surfaces of the pair of side wall portions 49. Each of the pin portions 52 is provided in a state of being protruded upward. The recessed portion 53 is provided in a state in which the outer peripheral surface of the outer side of the side wall portion 49 is partially recessed. A magnet 54 is attached to the recess 53.

磁鐵54藉由與上述磁鐵48之間的組合而實現吸收在齒輪系的各個齒輪之間的嚙合部分產生的間隙(以下稱「齒隙」)的功能的構件。即，當使動作構件15旋轉時，令磁鐵48與磁鐵54之間產生磁力，借助該磁力的作用對動作構件15朝旋轉方向的一個方向或者另一個方向施力。這樣，齒輪彼此的嚙合部分藉由磁力的作用成為單側接觸的狀態、即齒隙被吸收的狀態。藉由分別使用2個磁鐵54和2個磁鐵48，能夠在使動作構件15朝收縮光圈的方向旋轉的情況下和使動作構件15朝開放光圈的方向旋轉的情況下均得到這種狀態。The magnet 54 is a member that absorbs a gap (hereinafter referred to as "backlash") generated by the meshing portion between the gears of the gear train by the combination with the magnet 48 described above. That is, when the operating member 15 is rotated, a magnetic force is generated between the magnet 48 and the magnet 54, and the operating member 15 is biased in one direction or the other direction in the rotational direction by the action of the magnetic force. Thus, the meshing portions of the gears are in a state of being in one-side contact by the action of the magnetic force, that is, a state in which the backlash is absorbed. By using the two magnets 54 and the two magnets 48, respectively, it is possible to obtain such a state when the operating member 15 is rotated in the direction in which the diaphragm is contracted and when the operating member 15 is rotated in the direction in which the diaphragm is opened.

另外，在利用磁力的作用吸收齒隙的情況下，也可以是將磁鐵和磁性體加以組合的結構。但是，在想要相對於動作構件15的旋轉方向施加更強的推壓力的情況下，宜採用組合磁鐵和磁鐵的結構。Further, in the case where the backlash is absorbed by the action of the magnetic force, the magnet and the magnetic body may be combined. However, in the case where it is desired to apply a stronger pressing force with respect to the rotational direction of the operating member 15, it is preferable to adopt a structure in which a magnet and a magnet are combined.

在底板部50設置有2個軸部55、56和未圖示的1個螺柱(stud)部。軸部55、56以從底板部50的主面垂直地立起的狀態設置。各個軸部55、56形成為截面圓形。並且，2個軸部55、56包含未圖示的螺柱部係配置在彼此平行的方向。螺柱部在底板部50的主面上配置在2個軸部55、56之間。The bottom plate portion 50 is provided with two shaft portions 55 and 56 and a stud portion (not shown). The shaft portions 55 and 56 are provided in a state of being vertically raised from the main surface of the bottom plate portion 50. Each of the shaft portions 55, 56 is formed in a circular cross section. Further, the two shaft portions 55 and 56 include a stud portion (not shown) arranged in a direction parallel to each other. The stud portion is disposed between the two shaft portions 55 and 56 on the main surface of the bottom plate portion 50.

另外，在本發明的實施方式中，光圈功能部2的構成要素之一包含葉片基板4，但是，並不限於此，也可以是構成光圈驅動部3的構成要素之一包含葉片基板4。並且，葉片基板4也可以是獨立於光圈功能部2和光圈驅動部3的要素。In the embodiment of the present invention, one of the constituent elements of the diaphragm function unit 2 includes the blade substrate 4, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the blade substrate 4 may be included in one of the constituent elements constituting the diaphragm driving unit 3. Further, the blade substrate 4 may be an element that is independent of the diaphragm function unit 2 and the diaphragm drive unit 3.

[2-2.　光圈裝置的空隙系統的結構][2-2. Structure of the gap system of the aperture device]

接著說明本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置1的控制系統的結構。Next, the configuration of the control system of the diaphragm device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

圖6係顯示本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置1的控制系統的概要結構的方塊圖。在圖6中，控制部70形成為具備電動機控制電路71和電動機驅動電路72的結構。FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a control system of the diaphragm device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the control unit 70 is configured to include a motor control circuit 71 and a motor drive circuit 72.

電動機控制電路71對電動機驅動電路72輸出光圈調整用的控制指令信號。光圈調整用的控制指令信號，例如是根據預先裝入電動機控制電路71的控制程式等而產生的信號。The motor control circuit 71 outputs a control command signal for diaphragm adjustment to the motor drive circuit 72. The control command signal for aperture adjustment is, for example, a signal generated based on a control program or the like that is previously incorporated in the motor control circuit 71.

電動機驅動電路72擷取從電動機控制電路71輸出的控制指令信號，並根據該控制指令信號驅動步進電動機8。當驅動步進電動機8時，電動機驅動電路72輸出電動機驅動用的脈衝。步進電動機8根據從電動機驅動電路72輸出的脈衝的數量、頻率以及順序旋轉。The motor drive circuit 72 draws a control command signal output from the motor control circuit 71, and drives the stepping motor 8 based on the control command signal. When the stepping motor 8 is driven, the motor drive circuit 72 outputs a pulse for driving the motor. The stepping motor 8 rotates in accordance with the number, frequency, and sequence of pulses output from the motor drive circuit 72.

<3.　光圈裝置的製造方法><3. Manufacturing method of aperture device>

接著，對本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置1的製造方法進行說明。Next, a method of manufacturing the aperture device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[3-1.　光圈驅動部的組裝程序][3-1. Assembly procedure of the diaphragm drive unit]

在該程序中，將光圈驅動部3的構成構件裝配於葉片基板4。In this program, the constituent members of the diaphragm driving unit 3 are attached to the blade substrate 4.

光圈驅動部的組裝程序包含以下的程序。The assembly procedure of the diaphragm drive unit includes the following programs.

a.　托架構件16的安裝程序a. Installation procedure of the bracket member 16

b.　動作構件15的安裝程序b. Installation procedure of the action member 15

c.　中間齒輪14的安裝程序c. Installation procedure of the intermediate gear 14

d.　中間齒輪13的安裝程序d. Installation procedure of the intermediate gear 13

e.　中間齒輪12的安裝程序e. Installation procedure for the intermediate gear 12

f.　中間齒輪11的安裝程序f. Installation procedure of the intermediate gear 11

g.　叉形構件10的安裝程序g. Installation procedure of the fork member 10

h.　罩蓋構件9的安裝程序h. Installation procedure of the cover member 9

i.　步進電動機8的安裝程序i. Installation procedure of stepping motor 8

以下對各程序進行說明。Each program will be described below.

(a.　托架構件16的安裝程序)(a. Installation procedure of the bracket member 16)

首先，如圖7所示，將托架構件16安裝於葉片基板4。托架構件16以周壁20作為引導部而安裝於葉片基板4的第一基板部分17。此時，例如預先利用雙面膠帶、黏接等方式將磁鐵54安裝於托架構件16的凹陷部53(參照圖2)。從圖7可以看出，在托架構件16的2個軸部55、56之間設置有上述螺柱部67。螺柱部67以從托架構件16的底板部50的主面(頂面)垂直地立起的狀態設置。以托架構件16的底板部50的主面作為基準的螺柱部67的高度係充分低於軸部55、56。First, as shown in FIG. 7, the bracket member 16 is attached to the blade substrate 4. The bracket member 16 is attached to the first substrate portion 17 of the blade substrate 4 with the peripheral wall 20 as a guide portion. At this time, for example, the magnet 54 is attached to the recessed portion 53 of the bracket member 16 by a double-sided tape or adhesion (see FIG. 2). As can be seen from FIG. 7, the stud portion 67 is provided between the two shaft portions 55, 56 of the bracket member 16. The stud portion 67 is provided in a state of being vertically raised from the main surface (top surface) of the bottom plate portion 50 of the bracket member 16. The height of the stud portion 67 based on the main surface of the bottom plate portion 50 of the bracket member 16 is sufficiently lower than the shaft portions 55 and 56.

(b.　動作構件15的安裝程序)(b. Installation procedure of the action member 15)

其次，如圖8所示，將動作構件15安裝於托架構件16。動作構件15安裝在托架構件16的內側。此時，將托架構件16的螺柱部67***動作構件15的軸孔部46。藉此，動作構件15成為被支承為以螺柱部67為中心自由旋轉的狀態。並且，在動作構件15的2個餘隙孔部44中分別***有對應於各個餘隙孔部44的軸部55、56。動作構件15的勾掛部43A、43B(參照圖5)形成為向下突出超過葉片基板4的底面的狀態。並且，在該階段將磁鐵48(參照圖2)安裝於動作構件15的凹陷部47。磁鐵48的固定例如借助壓入、黏接等方式進行。Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the operating member 15 is attached to the bracket member 16. The action member 15 is mounted inside the bracket member 16. At this time, the stud portion 67 of the bracket member 16 is inserted into the shaft hole portion 46 of the operating member 15. Thereby, the operation member 15 is supported in a state of being freely rotatable about the stud portion 67. Further, shaft portions 55 and 56 corresponding to the respective clearance hole portions 44 are inserted into the two clearance holes 44 of the operating member 15 respectively. The hooking portions 43A and 43B (see FIG. 5 ) of the operating member 15 are formed to protrude downward beyond the bottom surface of the blade substrate 4 . Then, the magnet 48 (see FIG. 2) is attached to the recessed portion 47 of the operating member 15 at this stage. The fixing of the magnet 48 is performed, for example, by press fitting, bonding, or the like.

(c.　中間齒輪14的安裝程序)(c. Installation procedure of the intermediate gear 14)

其次，如圖9所示，將中間齒輪14安裝於托架構件16。中間齒輪14***托架構件16的軸部56而進行安裝。此時，使中間齒輪14的小徑側的齒輪部分嚙合於動作構件15的內齒齒輪部45(參照圖5)。Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the intermediate gear 14 is attached to the bracket member 16. The intermediate gear 14 is inserted into the shaft portion 56 of the bracket member 16 to be mounted. At this time, the gear portion on the small diameter side of the intermediate gear 14 is meshed with the internal gear portion 45 of the operating member 15 (see FIG. 5).

在此，在使動作構件15的內齒齒輪部45與中間齒輪14嚙合的情況下，例如可以使用如圖10所示的組裝用的夾具。圖10(A)是組裝用的夾具的俯視圖，圖10(B)是該夾具的立體圖。Here, when the internal gear portion 45 of the operating member 15 is meshed with the intermediate gear 14, for example, a jig for assembly as shown in FIG. 10 can be used. Fig. 10(A) is a plan view of the jig for assembly, and Fig. 10(B) is a perspective view of the jig.

圖示的組裝用的夾具利用框體57和旋轉體58構成。在框體57形成有第一收納部59和第二收納部60。第一收納部59容納上述葉片基板4。在第一收納部59中設置有一對缺口部61。第二收納部60容納旋轉體58的桿部65。第二收納部60形成為俯視扇形。在第二收納部60中形成有2個抵靠壁62、63，以旋轉體58的旋轉中心為基準進行規定而呈預定的打開角度θ(例如θ=90°)。The jig for assembly shown in the drawing is constituted by a frame 57 and a rotating body 58. The first housing portion 59 and the second housing portion 60 are formed in the housing 57. The first housing portion 59 accommodates the blade substrate 4 described above. A pair of notch portions 61 are provided in the first housing portion 59. The second housing portion 60 houses the rod portion 65 of the rotating body 58. The second housing portion 60 is formed in a fan shape in plan view. Two abutting walls 62 and 63 are formed in the second housing portion 60, and are predetermined to have a predetermined opening angle θ (for example, θ=90°) based on the rotation center of the rotating body 58.

旋轉體58藉由以軸部64為中心自由旋轉的方式安裝於框體57。旋轉體58的主體部分形成為圓盤構造。在旋轉體58一體地形成有桿部65。桿部65以從旋轉體58的主體部分的外周的一部分在該主體部分的直徑方向上朝外突出的狀態設置。桿部65是使旋轉體58以軸部64為中心旋轉時的操作部。並且，在旋轉體58設置有銷部66。銷部66以從該旋轉體58的主面往該旋轉體58的厚度方向突出的狀態設置。The rotating body 58 is attached to the frame 57 so as to be rotatable around the shaft portion 64. The body portion of the rotating body 58 is formed in a disk configuration. A rod portion 65 is integrally formed on the rotating body 58. The rod portion 65 is provided in a state of protruding outward from the outer circumference of the main body portion of the rotating body 58 in the diameter direction of the main body portion. The lever portion 65 is an operation portion when the rotor 58 is rotated about the shaft portion 64. Further, a pin portion 66 is provided in the rotating body 58. The pin portion 66 is provided in a state of protruding from the main surface of the rotating body 58 in the thickness direction of the rotating body 58.

在使用由上述結構構成的組裝用的夾具使動作構件15的內齒齒輪部45與中間齒輪14嚙合的情況下，首先，將處於已結束動作構件15的安裝作業的階段的葉片基板4收納於框體57的第一收納部59。此時，將葉片基板4的各個臂部23分別嵌入對應的缺口部61。如此，例如成為如圖11的狀態。When the internal gear portion 45 of the operating member 15 is meshed with the intermediate gear 14 by using the jig for assembly configured as described above, first, the blade substrate 4 at the stage of the mounting operation of the operating member 15 is stored. The first housing portion 59 of the housing 57. At this time, each arm portion 23 of the blade substrate 4 is fitted into the corresponding notch portion 61. In this way, for example, the state as shown in FIG. 11 is obtained.

在圖示的狀態下，旋轉體58的銷部66位於動作構件15的一側的勾掛部43A的附近。當從該狀態利用手指等使旋轉體58的桿部65朝箭頭方向動作而使旋轉體58旋轉時，在旋轉的中途銷部66與動作構件15的勾掛部43A接觸。再者，當從該狀態如圖12所示使桿部65朝箭頭方向動作而使旋轉體58旋轉時，最後，動作構件15的另一側的勾掛部43B抵靠於上述止擋部4B(參照圖4)。In the illustrated state, the pin portion 66 of the rotating body 58 is located in the vicinity of the hook portion 43A on one side of the operating member 15. When the lever portion 65 of the rotating body 58 is moved in the direction of the arrow by the finger or the like and the rotating body 58 is rotated, the pin portion 66 is in contact with the hooking portion 43A of the operating member 15 in the middle of the rotation. Further, when the lever portion 65 is moved in the direction of the arrow and the rotor 58 is rotated as shown in FIG. 12, finally, the hook portion 43B on the other side of the operating member 15 abuts against the stopper portion 4B. (Refer to Figure 4).

其次，維持上述抵靠狀態，同時，在動作構件15的內齒齒輪部45的圓弧方向上，使中間齒輪14的齒嚙合於齒輪系的設計上預先決定的齒的部分。此後，在安裝步進電動機8之前，均在將葉片基板4裝在該夾具中的狀態下進行其他的構件的安裝。另外，在安裝步進電動機8之前，旋轉體58可以位於旋轉方向的任意位置。Next, while maintaining the above-described abutment state, the teeth of the intermediate gear 14 are meshed with the predetermined teeth portion of the design of the gear train in the arc direction of the internal gear portion 45 of the operating member 15. Thereafter, before the stepping motor 8 is mounted, the other members are mounted while the blade substrate 4 is mounted in the jig. In addition, the rotating body 58 may be located at any position in the rotational direction before the stepping motor 8 is mounted.

(d.　中間齒輪13的安裝程序)(d. Installation procedure of the intermediate gear 13)

其次，如圖13所示，將中間齒輪13安裝於托架構件16。中間齒輪13***托架構件16的軸部55而進行安裝。此時，使中間齒輪13的小徑側的齒輪部分嚙合於中間齒輪14的大徑側的齒輪部分。Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the intermediate gear 13 is attached to the bracket member 16. The intermediate gear 13 is inserted into the shaft portion 55 of the bracket member 16 to be mounted. At this time, the gear portion on the small diameter side of the intermediate gear 13 is meshed with the gear portion on the large diameter side of the intermediate gear 14.

(e.　中間齒輪12的安裝程序)(e. Installation procedure of the intermediate gear 12)

其次，如圖14所示，將中間齒輪12安裝於托架構件16。中間齒輪12***托架構件16的軸部56而進行安裝。此時，使中間齒輪12的小徑側的齒輪部分嚙合於中間齒輪13的大徑側的齒輪部分。Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the intermediate gear 12 is attached to the bracket member 16. The intermediate gear 12 is inserted into the shaft portion 56 of the bracket member 16 to be mounted. At this time, the gear portion on the small diameter side of the intermediate gear 12 is meshed with the gear portion on the large diameter side of the intermediate gear 13.

(f.　中間齒輪11的安裝程序)(f. Installation procedure of the intermediate gear 11)

其次，如圖15所示，將中間齒輪11安裝於托架構件16。中間齒輪11***托架構件16的軸部55而進行安裝。此時，使中間齒輪11嚙合於中間齒輪12的大徑側的齒輪部分。Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the intermediate gear 11 is attached to the bracket member 16. The intermediate gear 11 is inserted into the shaft portion 55 of the bracket member 16 to be mounted. At this time, the intermediate gear 11 is meshed with the gear portion on the large diameter side of the intermediate gear 12.

(g.　叉形構件10的安裝程序)(g. Installation procedure of the fork member 10)

其次，如圖16所示，將叉形構件10安裝於葉片基板4。叉形構件10以從上述多個中間齒輪11～14的上方覆蓋這些中間齒輪的方式安裝。叉形構件10的安裝藉由下述方式進行：從將兩個腿部40***於葉片基板4的狀態，稍微旋轉叉形構件10使其扭轉。藉此，叉形構件10以叉形構件10的各個腿部40勾掛於葉片基板4的形式被固定於葉片基板4。叉形構件10發揮使托架構件16固定於葉片基板4的作用和防止中間齒輪11～14脫出的作用。Next, as shown in FIG. 16, the fork member 10 is attached to the blade substrate 4. The fork member 10 is attached so as to cover the intermediate gears from above the plurality of intermediate gears 11 to 14. The attachment of the fork member 10 is performed by slightly rotating the fork member 10 from the state in which the two leg portions 40 are inserted into the blade substrate 4. Thereby, the fork member 10 is fixed to the blade substrate 4 in such a manner that the respective leg portions 40 of the fork member 10 are hooked on the blade substrate 4. The fork member 10 functions to fix the bracket member 16 to the blade substrate 4 and to prevent the intermediate gears 11 to 14 from coming off.

(h.　罩蓋構件9的安裝程序)(h. Installation procedure of the cover member 9)

其次，如圖17所示，將罩蓋構件9安裝於托架構件16。罩蓋構件9以從叉形構件10的上方覆蓋叉形構件10的方式安裝。罩蓋構件9的安裝藉由將該罩蓋構件9的第二鉤部36(參照圖2)分別勾掛於托架構件16的對應的勾掛孔部51中進行。此時，托架構件16的各個銷部52分別***於罩蓋構件9的對應的小孔，藉而決定二者的相對位置。並且，罩蓋構件9的第二鉤部36嵌入叉形構件10的餘隙部42，藉此實施叉形構件10的止旋。Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the cover member 9 is attached to the bracket member 16. The cover member 9 is attached in such a manner as to cover the fork member 10 from above the fork member 10. The attachment of the cover member 9 is performed by hooking the second hook portion 36 (see FIG. 2) of the cover member 9 to the corresponding hook hole portion 51 of the bracket member 16. At this time, the respective pin portions 52 of the bracket member 16 are respectively inserted into the corresponding small holes of the cover member 9, thereby determining the relative positions of the two. Further, the second hook portion 36 of the cover member 9 is fitted into the clearance portion 42 of the fork member 10, whereby the rotation of the fork member 10 is performed.

(i.　步進電動機8的安裝程序)(i. Installation procedure of stepping motor 8)

其次，如圖18所示，將步進電動機8安裝於罩蓋構件9。步進電動機8的安裝藉由將電動機主體部分裝入於罩蓋構件9的內側進行。此時，例如可以預先在步進電動機8的輸出軸所突出的一側設置定位銷，並將該定位銷***設置於罩蓋構件9的定位孔，藉此決定步進電動機8的旋轉方向的位置。步進電動機8的固定藉由將步進電動機8的爪部32勾掛於罩蓋構件9的第一鉤部35進行。並且，預先在步進電動機8的旋轉軸安裝驅動齒輪(後述)，並使該驅動齒輪穿過罩蓋構件9的孔部38(參照圖17)而嚙合於上述中間齒輪11。並且，在步進電動機8的安裝之前或者安裝之後將配線部33(參照圖2)緊固於夾持部39。Next, as shown in FIG. 18, the stepping motor 8 is attached to the cover member 9. The mounting of the stepping motor 8 is performed by incorporating the motor main body portion into the inside of the cover member 9. At this time, for example, a positioning pin may be provided in advance on a side on which the output shaft of the stepping motor 8 protrudes, and the positioning pin may be inserted into a positioning hole provided in the cover member 9, thereby determining the rotation direction of the stepping motor 8. position. The fixing of the stepping motor 8 is performed by hooking the claw portion 32 of the stepping motor 8 to the first hook portion 35 of the cover member 9. Further, a drive gear (described later) is attached to the rotation shaft of the stepping motor 8, and the drive gear is meshed with the intermediate gear 11 through the hole portion 38 (see FIG. 17) of the cover member 9. Further, the wiring portion 33 (see FIG. 2) is fastened to the nip portion 39 before or after the mounting of the stepping motor 8.

在此，在將步進電動機8安裝於罩蓋構件9的情況下，如上述，操作旋轉體58的桿部65而形成使動作構件15的一側的勾掛部43B抵靠於止擋部4B的狀態(參照圖4、圖12)。並且，在該抵靠狀態下，例如如圖19所示，使預先標記於步進電動機8的驅動齒輪68的標記M與齒輪系的設計上預先決定的位置一致，從而安裝步進電動機8。在此，就其一例而言，使標記M的位置和與步進電動機8的連接器基板69的主面正交、且通過步進電動機8的旋轉軸的中心的軸一致。Here, when the stepping motor 8 is attached to the cover member 9, as described above, the lever portion 65 of the rotating body 58 is operated to form the hook portion 43B on one side of the operating member 15 against the stopper portion. The state of 4B (refer to Figs. 4 and 12). In this abutment state, for example, as shown in FIG. 19, the step M is attached so that the mark M previously marked on the drive gear 68 of the stepping motor 8 coincides with the predetermined position of the gear train design. Here, as an example, the position of the mark M is made to be orthogonal to the main surface of the connector board 69 of the stepping motor 8 and the axis of the center of the rotating shaft of the stepping motor 8 is aligned.

在該情況下，以當利用預先決定的激磁模式對步進電動機8進行激磁時標記M的位置成為圖19所示的位置的方式將驅動齒輪68安裝於步進電動機8的旋轉軸。亦即，當使驅動齒輪68轉動而使標記M的位置與圖19所示的位置一致時，以步進電動機8的旋轉方向的停止角度為預先決定的規定角度的方式將驅動齒輪68安裝於步進電動機8。In this case, the drive gear 68 is attached to the rotation shaft of the stepping motor 8 so that the position of the mark M when the stepping motor 8 is excited by the predetermined excitation mode becomes the position shown in FIG. 19 . That is, when the drive gear 68 is rotated to match the position of the mark M with the position shown in FIG. 19, the drive gear 68 is attached to the drive gear 68 such that the stop angle of the rotation direction of the stepping motor 8 is a predetermined predetermined angle. Stepper motor 8.

因此，當進行步進電動機8的安裝時，在安裝之前，藉由手動作業使步進電動機8的旋轉軸旋轉、或者利用預先決定的激磁模式使步進電動機8激磁，以使標記M的位置成為圖示的狀態，然後將步進電動機8安裝於罩蓋構件9。此時，在齒輪系的設計上，即使標記M的位置稍微偏離規定的位置，只要偏移量不是與驅動齒輪68的1個齒距幅度相當的幅度，驅動齒輪68和中間齒輪11的齒就不會彼此干涉而無法嚙合。在圖示例的情況下，驅動齒輪68的1個齒距幅度的角度為40°，因此，只要不產生相當大的偏移，驅動齒輪68和中間齒輪11就能夠按照齒輪系的設計方式嚙合。Therefore, when the stepping motor 8 is mounted, the stepping motor 8 is rotated by a manual operation or the stepping motor 8 is excited by a predetermined excitation mode before the mounting, so that the position of the mark M is made. In the illustrated state, the stepping motor 8 is then attached to the cover member 9. At this time, in the design of the gear train, even if the position of the mark M is slightly deviated from the predetermined position, as long as the offset amount is not equal to the amplitude of one pitch of the drive gear 68, the teeth of the drive gear 68 and the intermediate gear 11 are Do not interfere with each other and cannot engage. In the case of the illustrated example, the angle of one pitch of the drive gear 68 is 40°, so that the drive gear 68 and the intermediate gear 11 can be meshed in accordance with the design of the gear train as long as no considerable offset is generated. .

另外，在光圈裝置1的結構上，根據光圈葉片5、6的安裝方法的不同，有時步進電動機8的旋轉方向和光圈葉片5、6的開閉方向之間的關係成為相反。因此，在使用上述組裝用的夾具組裝光圈裝置1的構件的情況下，亦能夠操作旋轉體58的桿部65而使動作構件15的另一側的勾掛部43A抵靠在對應於該勾掛部43A的止擋部，亦即改變作為動作的基準的位置。Further, in the configuration of the diaphragm device 1, depending on the method of mounting the diaphragm blades 5, 6, the relationship between the rotation direction of the stepping motor 8 and the opening and closing directions of the diaphragm blades 5, 6 may be reversed. Therefore, when the member of the diaphragm device 1 is assembled using the jig for assembly described above, the rod portion 65 of the rotating body 58 can be operated to abut the hook portion 43A on the other side of the operating member 15 corresponding to the hook. The stopper of the hanging portion 43A, that is, the position that serves as a reference for the operation.

[3-2.　光圈功能部的組裝程序][3-2. Assembly procedure of the aperture function unit]

在該程序中將光圈功能部2的構成構件裝配於葉片基板4。In this program, the constituent members of the diaphragm function unit 2 are attached to the blade substrate 4.

光圈功能部2的組裝程序包含以下的程序。The assembly procedure of the diaphragm function unit 2 includes the following programs.

a.　光圈葉片5的安裝程序a. Installation procedure of the aperture blade 5

b.　光圈葉片6的安裝程序b. Installation procedure of the aperture blade 6

c.　葉片罩7的安裝程序c. Blade cover 7 installation procedure

以下對各個程序進行說明。The following describes each program.

(a.　光圈葉片5的安裝程序)(a. Installation procedure of the aperture blade 5)

首先，將光圈葉片5安裝於葉片基板4。光圈葉片5係安裝於葉片基板4的底面(與安裝有光圈驅動部3的一側相反側的面)。此時，將設置於光圈葉片5的3條引導槽25分別嵌入葉片基板4的對應的突起部4A。突起部4A的端部的L字形部分從引導槽25的端部***，並勾掛於引導槽25的中途的部分。並且，將設置於光圈葉片5的卡合孔26嵌入動作構件15突出於葉片基板4下方的勾掛部43B。由此，光圈葉片5成為被支承為在葉片基板4的長邊方向(雙向)移動(自由滑動)的狀態。First, the diaphragm blades 5 are attached to the blade substrate 4. The diaphragm blade 5 is attached to the bottom surface of the blade substrate 4 (the surface opposite to the side on which the diaphragm driving portion 3 is attached). At this time, the three guide grooves 25 provided in the diaphragm blades 5 are respectively fitted into the corresponding protrusions 4A of the blade substrate 4. The L-shaped portion of the end portion of the protruding portion 4A is inserted from the end portion of the guide groove 25 and hooked to a portion in the middle of the guide groove 25. Further, the engagement hole 26 provided in the diaphragm blade 5 is fitted into the hook portion 43B in which the operation member 15 protrudes below the blade substrate 4. Thereby, the diaphragm blade 5 is supported in a state of being moved (freely slidable) in the longitudinal direction (bidirectional direction) of the blade substrate 4.

(b.　光圈葉片6的安裝程序)(b. Installation procedure of the aperture blade 6)

其次，將光圈葉片6安裝於葉片基板4。光圈葉片6安裝於葉片基板4的底面。並且，光圈葉片6以與上述光圈葉片5相疊的方式安裝。此時，將設置於光圈葉片6的3條引導槽28分別嵌入葉片基板4的對應的突起部4A。突起部4A的端部的L字部分從引導槽28的端部***，並勾掛於引導槽28的中途的部分。並且，將設置於光圈葉片6的卡合孔29嵌入動作構件15突出於葉片基板4下方的勾掛部43A。由此，光圈葉片6成為被支承為在葉片基板4的長度方向(雙方向)移動(滑動自如)的狀態。Next, the diaphragm blades 6 are attached to the blade substrate 4. The diaphragm blades 6 are attached to the bottom surface of the blade substrate 4. Further, the diaphragm blades 6 are mounted so as to overlap the diaphragm blades 5 described above. At this time, the three guide grooves 28 provided in the diaphragm blades 6 are respectively fitted into the corresponding protrusions 4A of the blade substrate 4. The L-shaped portion of the end portion of the protruding portion 4A is inserted from the end portion of the guide groove 28 and hooked to a portion in the middle of the guide groove 28. Further, the engagement hole 29 provided in the diaphragm blade 6 is fitted into the hook portion 43A in which the operation member 15 protrudes below the blade substrate 4. Thereby, the diaphragm blade 6 is supported in a state of being moved (slidably slidable) in the longitudinal direction (two directions) of the blade substrate 4.

(c.　葉片罩7的安裝程序)(c. Installation procedure of the blade cover 7)

其次，將葉片罩7安裝於葉片基板4。葉片罩7安裝於葉片基板4的底面。並且，葉片罩7以從上述2片光圈葉片5、6的上方覆蓋光圈葉片5、6的方式安裝。此時，將設置於葉片罩7的2條餘隙槽部31A、31B分別嵌入動作構件15突出於葉片基板4下方的2個勾掛部43A、43B。Next, the blade cover 7 is attached to the blade substrate 4. The blade cover 7 is attached to the bottom surface of the blade substrate 4. Further, the blade cover 7 is attached so as to cover the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 from above the two aperture blades 5 and 6. At this time, the two clearance groove portions 31A and 31B provided in the blade cover 7 are respectively fitted into the two hooking portions 43A and 43B in which the operating member 15 protrudes below the blade substrate 4.

藉由以上的組裝程序，從步進電動機8到光圈葉片5、6的動力傳遞系統的連結狀態如圖20～圖23所示。另外，關於動力傳遞系統的連結狀態，圖20顯示俯視圖，圖21顯示側視圖，圖22顯示從上方觀察的立體圖，圖23顯示從下方觀察的立體圖。The connection state of the power transmission system from the stepping motor 8 to the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 by the above assembly procedure is as shown in Figs. 20 to 23 . Further, regarding the connected state of the power transmission system, FIG. 20 shows a plan view, FIG. 21 shows a side view, FIG. 22 shows a perspective view from above, and FIG. 23 shows a perspective view from below.

<4.　光圈裝置的動作><4. Action of the aperture device>

接著，對本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置1的動作進行說明。Next, the operation of the diaphragm device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[4-1.　基本的動作原理][4-1. Basic Principles of Action]

首先說明光圈裝置1的基本的動作原理。First, the basic operation principle of the aperture device 1 will be described.

當藉由將脈衝輸入步進電動機8而驅動齒輪68旋轉時，各個中間齒輪11～14承受驅動齒輪68的驅動力而旋轉。並且，當最終級的中間齒輪14旋轉時，動作構件15承受該中間齒輪14的旋轉力而旋轉。此時，驅動齒輪68旋轉的方向和嚙合於該驅動齒輪68的中間齒輪11的旋轉的方向彼此相反。並且，中間齒輪12、14分別朝與驅動齒輪68的旋轉方向相同的方向旋轉，中間齒輪13朝與中間齒輪11的旋轉方向相同的方向旋轉。動作構件15朝與中間齒輪14的旋轉方向相同的方向旋轉。When the drive gear 68 is rotated by inputting a pulse to the stepping motor 8, the respective intermediate gears 11 to 14 are rotated by the driving force of the drive gear 68. Further, when the intermediate gear 14 of the final stage rotates, the operating member 15 is rotated by the rotational force of the intermediate gear 14. At this time, the direction in which the drive gear 68 rotates and the direction in which the intermediate gear 11 meshed with the drive gear 68 rotate are opposite to each other. Further, the intermediate gears 12 and 14 are respectively rotated in the same direction as the rotational direction of the drive gear 68, and the intermediate gear 13 is rotated in the same direction as the rotational direction of the intermediate gear 11. The operating member 15 rotates in the same direction as the rotational direction of the intermediate gear 14.

當藉由這種動力的傳遞而動作構件15旋轉時，2片光圈葉片5、6以與動作構件15的旋轉聯動的形式彼此朝相反方向移動。並且，2片光圈葉片5、6分別由對應的引導槽25、28引導並以沿光圈葉片4的長邊方向直線性往復的方式移動。此時，2片光圈葉片5、6所形成的開口部的開口徑(以下稱「光圈口徑」)根據這2片光圈葉片5、6移動的方向而變小或者變大。When the operating member 15 is rotated by the transmission of such power, the two aperture blades 5, 6 move in opposite directions to each other in conjunction with the rotation of the operating member 15. Further, the two aperture blades 5 and 6 are guided by the corresponding guide grooves 25 and 28, respectively, and are linearly reciprocated in the longitudinal direction of the aperture blade 4. At this time, the opening diameter of the opening formed by the two aperture blades 5 and 6 (hereinafter referred to as "aperture aperture") becomes smaller or larger depending on the direction in which the two aperture blades 5 and 6 move.

例如，上述圖20顯示光圈口徑最大的狀態，但是，當從該狀態使動作構件15朝圖的逆時針方向旋轉，從而使光圈葉片5、6朝以實線的箭頭所示的方向移動時，光圈口徑逐漸(連續地)變小。For example, FIG. 20 shows a state in which the aperture diameter is the largest. However, when the operation member 15 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction from the state, the aperture blades 5 and 6 are moved in the direction indicated by the solid arrow. The aperture diameter gradually (continuously) becomes smaller.

並且，雖然並未圖示，但是，當從光圈口徑最小(入射光量為零)的狀態使動作構件15順時針旋轉而使光圈葉片5、6移動時，光圈口徑逐漸變大。Further, although not illustrated, when the diaphragm member 5 and 6 are moved clockwise from the state in which the diaphragm aperture is the smallest (the amount of incident light is zero), the diaphragm aperture gradually increases.

並且，當從光圈口徑大於最小口徑、且小於最大口徑的狀態藉由動作構件15的旋轉使光圈葉片5、6移動時，光圈口徑根據移動方向而變小或者變大。Further, when the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 are moved by the rotation of the operating member 15 from a state in which the diaphragm aperture is larger than the minimum aperture and smaller than the maximum aperture, the aperture diameter becomes smaller or larger depending on the moving direction.

[4-2.　收縮光圈的動作][4-2. Movement of shrinking aperture]

收縮光圈的動作意指使光圈口徑縮小的動作。具體而言，在上述圖20中，使2片光圈葉片5、6分別朝以虛線的箭頭所示的方向移動的動作成為收縮光圈的動作。The action of contracting the aperture means an action of reducing the aperture of the aperture. Specifically, in FIG. 20 described above, the operation of moving the two aperture blades 5 and 6 in the direction indicated by the broken arrow is the operation of contracting the aperture.

[4-3.　開放光圈的動作][4-3. Action of opening aperture]

開放光圈的動作意指使光圈口徑放大的動作。具體而言，在上述圖20中，使2片光圈葉片5、6分別朝以實線的箭頭所示的方向移動的動作成為開放光圈的動作。The action of opening the aperture means an action of enlarging the aperture of the aperture. Specifically, in the above-described FIG. 20, the operation of moving the two aperture blades 5 and 6 in the direction indicated by the solid arrow is the operation of opening the aperture.

[4-4.　調整光圈的動作][4-4. Adjusting the aperture movement]

所謂調整光圈的動作是指對光圈口徑進行調整以使光圈口徑與由控制指令信號指定的光圈口徑(以下稱「指定口徑」)一致的動作。即，在接收控制指令信號之前的光圈口徑大於指定口徑的情況下，使光圈口徑縮小而符合該指定口徑的動作成為調整光圈的動作。並且，在接收控制指令信號之前的光圈口徑大於指定口徑的情況下，使光圈口徑變大而符合該指定口徑的動作成為調整光圈的動作。The operation of adjusting the aperture means adjusting the aperture of the aperture so that the aperture of the aperture matches the aperture of the aperture (hereinafter referred to as "designated aperture") specified by the control command signal. In other words, when the aperture of the aperture before the reception of the control command signal is larger than the designated aperture, the operation of reducing the aperture of the aperture to conform to the designated aperture is an operation of adjusting the aperture. Further, when the aperture of the aperture before the reception of the control command signal is larger than the designated aperture, the operation of increasing the aperture of the aperture and conforming to the designated aperture becomes an operation of adjusting the aperture.

<光圈裝置的驅動方法><Drive method of aperture device>

接著，說明本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置1的驅動方法。Next, a method of driving the diaphragm device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(前提事項的說明)(Description of premise)

在本發明的實施方式中，如上所述，係利用2相電動機構成步進電動機8，並利用第一步、第二步、第三步、以及第四步這4種步(激磁模式)驅動步進電動機8。具體而言，例如利用如圖24所示的與4種步對應的激磁模式驅動步進電動機8。在此採用「2相驅動」作為一例。In the embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the stepping motor 8 is constructed by using a 2-phase motor, and is driven by the four steps (excitation mode) of the first step, the second step, the third step, and the fourth step. Stepper motor 8. Specifically, the stepping motor 8 is driven by, for example, an excitation mode corresponding to four steps as shown in FIG. Here, "2-phase drive" is taken as an example.

並且，在第一步中，輸入使輸入端子A為Hi狀態、使輸入端子A'為Low狀態、使輸入端子B為Low狀態、使輸入端子B'為Hi狀態的脈衝，利用對應於該脈衝的輸入的激磁模式使步進電動機激磁。Further, in the first step, a pulse for causing the input terminal A to be in the Hi state, the input terminal A' to be in the Low state, the input terminal B to be in the Low state, and the input terminal B' to be in the Hi state is input, and the pulse corresponding to the pulse is used. The input excitation mode energizes the stepper motor.

並且，當驅動步進電動機8時，電動機驅動電路72按照預定的順序將脈衝輸入步進電動機8。從電動機驅動電路72將脈衝輸入步進電動機8的順序存在「遞升順序」和「遞降順序」2種模式。其中，以遞升順序輸入脈衝的情況例如是指如下的情況：當以第一步為第一脈衝時，以第一步到第四步作為1個循環的週期，按照第一步→第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。並且，以遞降順序輸入脈衝的情況例如是指如下的情況：當以第四步為第一脈衝時，以第四步到第一步作為1個循環的週期，按照第四步→第三步→第二步→第一步→第四步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。Further, when the stepping motor 8 is driven, the motor drive circuit 72 inputs a pulse to the stepping motor 8 in a predetermined order. The order in which the pulse is input from the motor drive circuit 72 to the stepping motor 8 is in two modes of "step up" and "step down". The case where the pulse is input in the ascending order is, for example, the following case: when the first pulse is the first pulse, the first step to the fourth step are used as the cycle of one cycle, according to the first step → the second step → Input the pulse in the order of the third step → the fourth step → the first step → (the same cycle is performed later). Further, the case where the pulse is input in descending order is, for example, a case where, when the fourth step is the first pulse, the fourth step to the first step are taken as the cycle of one cycle, and the fourth step → the third step is followed. → The second step → first step → fourth step → (the same cycle is performed later) input pulse.

其中，使其當以遞升順序輸入脈衝時，步進電動機8正轉，當以遞降順序輸入脈衝時，步進電動機8反轉。並且，使其在步進電動機8正轉的情況下，動作構件15朝俯視逆時針方向旋轉，並且，光圈葉片5、6朝收縮光圈的方向(使光圈口徑縮小的方向)移動。並且，使其在步進電動機8反轉的情況下，動作構件15朝俯視順時針方向旋轉，並且，光圈葉片5、6朝開放光圈的方向(使光圈口徑變大的方向)移動。Here, when the pulse is input in the ascending order, the stepping motor 8 rotates forward, and when the pulse is input in descending order, the stepping motor 8 is reversed. Further, when the stepping motor 8 rotates forward, the operating member 15 rotates in a counterclockwise direction in a plan view, and the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 move in a direction in which the diaphragm is contracted (a direction in which the aperture diameter is reduced). Further, when the stepping motor 8 is reversed, the operating member 15 is rotated clockwise in the plan view, and the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 are moved in the direction in which the aperture is opened (the direction in which the aperture diameter is increased).

因此，當從動作構件15的勾掛部43B抵靠於止擋部4B的狀態(限制狀態)使步進電動機8正轉時，動作構件15朝勾掛部43B遠離止擋部4B的方向旋轉。並且，當從動作構件15的勾掛部43B遠離止擋部4B的狀態使步進電動機8反轉時，動作構件15朝勾掛部43B接近止擋部4B的方向旋轉。另外，關於步進電動機8的旋轉是「正轉」或「反轉」，純屬本說明書中的概念，以哪個旋轉方向作為「正轉」、「反轉」係自由的行為。Therefore, when the stepping motor 8 is rotated forward from the state (restricted state) in which the hooking portion 43B of the operating member 15 abuts against the stopper portion 4B, the operating member 15 is rotated toward the hook portion 43B away from the stopper portion 4B. . When the stepping motor 8 is reversed from the state in which the hook portion 43B of the operating member 15 is away from the stopper portion 4B, the operating member 15 rotates in the direction in which the hook portion 43B approaches the stopper portion 4B. In addition, the rotation of the stepping motor 8 is "forward rotation" or "reverse rotation", which is purely a concept in the present specification, and which rotation direction is used as "forward rotation" and "reverse rotation".

並且，就其他的前提事項而言，當從動作構件15的勾掛部43B抵靠於止擋部4B的狀態將脈衝輸入步進電動機8時，根據上述激磁模式的遞升順序而依次將脈衝輸入步進電動機8。Further, in the other premise, when a pulse is input to the stepping motor 8 from a state in which the hooking portion 43B of the operating member 15 abuts against the stopper portion 4B, the pulse is sequentially input in accordance with the ascending order of the excitation mode. Stepper motor 8.

並且，就用語的定義而言，「步停止角度」定為：當利用上述圖24所示的4個激磁模式中的某1個激磁模式使步進電動機8激磁時的該步進電動機8的旋轉方向的停止角度。並且，「第一步停止角度」定為利用第一步的激磁模式使步進電動機8激磁時的步停止角度，「第二步停止角度」定為利用第二步的激磁模式使步進電動機8激磁時的步停止角度。同樣，「第三步停止角度」定為利用第三步的激磁模式使步進電動機8激磁時的步停止角度，「第四步停止角度」定為利用第四步的激磁模式使步進電動機8激磁時的步停止角度。Further, as for the definition of the term, the "step stop angle" is defined as the stepping motor 8 when the stepping motor 8 is excited by one of the four excitation modes shown in FIG. 24 described above. The stopping angle of the direction of rotation. Further, the "first stop angle" is defined as the step stop angle when the stepping motor 8 is excited by the excitation mode of the first step, and the "second step stop angle" is determined to be the stepping motor by the excitation mode of the second step. 8 step stop angle during excitation. Similarly, the "third step stop angle" is determined as the step stop angle when the stepping motor 8 is excited by the excitation mode of the third step, and the "fourth step stop angle" is determined to be the stepping motor by the excitation mode of the fourth step. 8 step stop angle during excitation.

(驅動方法的說明)(Description of the driving method)

圖25係顯示本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置1的驅動方法的流程圖。圖示的驅動方法由上述控制部70執行。FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing a method of driving the diaphragm device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The illustrated driving method is executed by the above-described control unit 70.

首先，在步驟S1中，判斷是否需要進行初始設定。該判斷處理例如由電動機控制電路71進行。是否需要進行初始設定藉由是否至少已進行1次後述步驟S2和步驟S3中執行的動作(以下稱「初始設定動作」)來判斷。即，在初始設定動作並未完成的情況下，在步驟S1中作出肯定判定，在初始設定動作已完成的情況下，在步驟S1中作出否定判定。並且，即使在之前已完成初始設定動作的情況下，滿足預先設定的條件時仍然在步驟S1中作出肯定判定，不滿足預先設定的條件時，在步驟S1中作出否定判定。First, in step S1, it is judged whether or not initial setting is necessary. This determination process is performed, for example, by the motor control circuit 71. Whether or not the initial setting is necessary is determined by whether or not the operation performed in steps S2 and S3 described later (hereinafter referred to as "initial setting operation") has been performed at least once. That is, in the case where the initial setting operation is not completed, an affirmative determination is made in step S1, and in the case where the initial setting operation has been completed, a negative determination is made in step S1. Further, even if the initial setting operation has been completed before, if the affirmative determination is made in step S1 when the predetermined condition is satisfied, and the predetermined condition is not satisfied, a negative determination is made in step S1.

例如，在之前執行初始設定動作後的經過時間(或者經過日數)達到預先設定的基準時間(或者基準日數等)的情況下，在步驟S1中作出肯定判定，如果未達到預先設定的基準時間(或者基準日數等)則作出否定判定。並且，除此以外，例如在之前執行初始設定動作後光圈裝置1所進行的光圈調整動作(調整光圈的動作)的次數達到預先設定的基準次數的情況下，在步驟S1中作出肯定判定，如果未達到預先設定的基準次數則作出否定判定。For example, when the elapsed time (or the number of elapsed days) after the initial setting operation has been performed reaches the preset reference time (or the number of reference days), an affirmative determination is made in step S1, and if the preset reference is not reached, The time (or the number of base days, etc.) is negative. In addition, for example, when the number of times of the diaphragm adjustment operation (the operation of adjusting the diaphragm) performed by the diaphragm device 1 after the initial setting operation is performed has reached a predetermined reference number, an affirmative determination is made in step S1. A negative decision is made if the preset number of benchmarks is not reached.

再者，除此以外，例如也可以是如下的方式：當接通光圈裝置1的電源(包含再次接通)時或者偵測到未圖示的重置按鈕被按下等時，在步驟S1中作出肯定判定，此後，只要未偵測到重置按鈕等的按下就在步驟S1中作出否定判定。In addition, for example, when the power of the diaphragm device 1 is turned on (including turning on again) or when a reset button (not shown) is pressed, etc., in step S1, A positive determination is made, and thereafter, a negative determination is made in step S1 as long as no depression of the reset button or the like is detected.

當在步驟S1中作出肯定判定的情況下，利用以下描述的第一驅動期間、第二驅動期間、以及第三驅動期間驅動步進電動機8。並且，當在步驟S1中作出否定判定的情況下，跳過第一驅動期間和第二驅動期間，利用第三驅動期間驅動步進電動機8。In the case where an affirmative determination is made in step S1, the stepping motor 8 is driven by the first driving period, the second driving period, and the third driving period described below. Further, when a negative determination is made in step S1, the first driving period and the second driving period are skipped, and the stepping motor 8 is driven by the third driving period.

(第一驅動期間)(during the first drive period)

其次，在步驟S2中，就第一驅動期間而言，以利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端(開放側的移動端)的方式驅動步進電動機8。在該情況下，電動機驅動電路72接收來自電動機控制電路71的控制指令信號，以遞降順序對步進電動機8輸入使動作構件15的勾掛部43B抵靠於止擋部4B所需且為足夠數量的脈衝。例如，當從動作構件15的勾掛部43A接近(或者接觸)壁面的狀態到動作構件15的勾掛部43B抵靠於止擋部4B所需要的脈衝的數量被令為N個時，從電動機驅動電路72以遞降順序將N個(或者N個以上)的脈衝輸入步進電動機8，其中，上述壁面是將光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的另一端(收縮側的移動端)與例如止擋部4B形成為一體而成的壁面。Next, in step S2, the stepping motor 8 is driven so that the one end (the moving end on the open side) of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5, 6 is restricted by the stopper portion 4B in the first driving period. In this case, the motor drive circuit 72 receives the control command signal from the motor control circuit 71, and inputs the stepping motor 8 in the descending order so that the hook portion 43B of the actuating member 15 abuts against the stopper portion 4B and is sufficient. The number of pulses. For example, when the number of pulses required from the state in which the hook portion 43A of the action member 15 approaches (or contacts) the wall surface to the hook portion 43B of the action member 15 abuts against the stopper portion 4B is N, The motor drive circuit 72 inputs N (or N or more) pulses into the stepping motor 8 in descending order, wherein the wall surface is the other end (the moving end on the contraction side) of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5, 6, for example The stopper portion 4B is formed as a wall surface that is integrally formed.

(第二驅動期間)(during the second drive period)

其次，在步驟S3中，就第二驅動期間而言，從利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態開始，將對應於此時的步停止角度(規定角度)而預先決定次序的脈衝作為起始待輸入步進電動機8的脈衝(稱為「輸入開始脈衝」)，朝解除止擋部4B所致限制的方向驅動步進電動機8。具體而言，電動機驅動電路72接收來自電動機控制電路71的控制指令信號而以遞升順序將脈衝輸入步進電動機8，以使動作構件15的勾掛部43B遠離止擋部4B。此時的輸入開始脈衝例如利用以下的條件預先決定。Next, in the step S3, the second driving period is started from the state in which the one end of the movement range of the diaphragm blades 5, 6 is restricted by the stopper portion 4B, and the step stop angle (predetermined angle) corresponding to this time is used. The pulse of the predetermined order is used as a pulse to be input to the stepping motor 8 (referred to as an "input start pulse"), and the stepping motor 8 is driven in a direction restricted by the release stopper 4B. Specifically, the motor drive circuit 72 receives the control command signal from the motor control circuit 71 and inputs the pulse to the stepping motor 8 in the ascending order so that the hook portion 43B of the operating member 15 is away from the stopper portion 4B. The input start pulse at this time is determined in advance by, for example, the following conditions.

即，在上述光圈裝置1的製造方法中，在將利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度定為第一步停止角度的情況下，以對應於第二步的激磁模式的脈衝作為輸入開始脈衝。In the method of manufacturing the diaphragm device 1, when the step stop angle in the state in which one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 is restricted by the stopper portion 4B is set as the first stop angle, The pulse of the excitation mode in the second step is used as an input start pulse.

並且，在將利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度定為第二步停止角度的情況下，以對應於第三步的激磁模式的脈衝作為輸入開始脈衝。In the case where the step stop angle in the state in which the one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 is restricted by the stopper portion 4B is set to the second step stop angle, the pulse corresponding to the excitation mode of the third step is used as the pulse. Enter the start pulse.

並且，在將利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度定為第三步停止角度的情況下，以對應於第四步的激磁模式的脈衝作為輸入開始脈衝。In the case where the step stop angle in the state in which the one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 is restricted by the stopper portion 4B is set to the third step stop angle, the pulse corresponding to the excitation mode of the fourth step is used as the pulse. Enter the start pulse.

並且，在將利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度定為第四步停止角度的情況下，以對應於第一步的激磁模式的脈衝作為輸入開始脈衝。In the case where the step stop angle in the state in which the one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 is restricted by the stopper portion 4B is set to the fourth step stop angle, the pulse corresponding to the excitation mode of the first step is used as the pulse. Enter the start pulse.

(第三驅動期間)(during the third drive period)

其次，在步驟S4中，就第三驅動期間而言，以根據控制指令信號切換對步進電動機8輸入的脈衝的遞升順序、遞降順序以及數量的方式驅動步進電動機8。第三驅動期間中的步進電動機8的驅動能以與上述第二驅動期間中的步進電動機8的驅動連續的形式進行，亦能在第二驅動期間結束時使步進電動機8暫時停止，然後過渡至第三驅動期間。Next, in step S4, in the third driving period, the stepping motor 8 is driven in such a manner that the step-up order, the descending order, and the number of pulses input to the stepping motor 8 are switched in accordance with the control command signal. The driving of the stepping motor 8 in the third driving period can be performed in a continuous manner with the driving of the stepping motor 8 in the second driving period, and the stepping motor 8 can be temporarily stopped at the end of the second driving period. Then transition to the third drive period.

在第三驅動期間中，電動機控制電路71根據定為目標的光圈口徑的值，而將控制指令信號輸出到電動機驅動電路72。並且，電動機驅動電路72接收來自電動機控制電路71的控制指令信號，切換輸入步進電動機8的脈衝的遞升順序、遞降順序以及數量。控制指令信號指定待輸入步進電動機8輸入的脈衝的順序(遞升順序或者遞降順序)和數量，以配合定為目標的光圈口徑的值。並且，定為目標的光圈口徑的值例如根據上述光電轉換元件中的受光量而由未圖示的光量調整單元決定，並將結果通知給控制部70。光量調整單元例如是裝入上述照相機的控制系統的功能單元。In the third driving period, the motor control circuit 71 outputs a control command signal to the motor drive circuit 72 in accordance with the value of the target aperture diameter. Further, the motor drive circuit 72 receives the control command signal from the motor control circuit 71, and switches the step-up sequence, the descending order, and the number of pulses input to the stepping motor 8. The control command signal specifies the order (upward or descending order) and the number of pulses to be input to the stepping motor 8, to match the value of the target aperture. In addition, the value of the target aperture is determined by a light amount adjustment unit (not shown) based on the amount of received light in the photoelectric conversion element, and the result is notified to the control unit 70. The light amount adjustment unit is, for example, a functional unit incorporated in the control system of the above camera.

在此，在第三驅動期間中，控制部70以如下的方式管理輸入步進電動機8的脈衝的數量。首先，以上述第一驅動期間所利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態為基準(起點)。並且，例如使用電動機驅動電路72所給予的脈衝的輸入資訊而利用電動機控制電路71對從該基準狀態開始對步進電動機8輸入的脈衝的數量(以下稱「輸入脈衝數」)進行計數。對於輸入脈衝數的計數，例如，設上述基準狀態為計數值=0(零)。然後，在將上述輸入開始脈衝輸入步進電動機8的時序使計數值加1。因此，在將輸入開始脈衝輸入步進電動機8的時序，計數值=1。以後，每當以遞升順序將1個脈衝輸入步進電動機8時就對計數值逐次加1。並且，每當以遞降順序將1個脈衝輸入步進電動機8時就對計數值逐次減1。Here, in the third driving period, the control unit 70 manages the number of pulses input to the stepping motor 8 in the following manner. First, the state in which one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 is restricted by the stopper 4B used in the first driving period is used as a reference (starting point). Then, for example, the number of pulses (hereinafter referred to as "the number of input pulses") input to the stepping motor 8 from the reference state is counted by the motor control circuit 71 using the input information of the pulse given by the motor drive circuit 72. For the counting of the number of input pulses, for example, the above reference state is set to count value = 0 (zero). Then, the count value is incremented by 1 at the timing when the above-described input start pulse is input to the stepping motor 8. Therefore, the count value is set to 1 at the timing when the input start pulse is input to the stepping motor 8. Thereafter, each time a pulse is input to the stepping motor 8 in the ascending order, the count value is incremented by one. Further, each time a pulse is input to the stepping motor 8 in descending order, the count value is successively decremented by one.

藉此，輸入脈衝數的計數值與光圈口徑的值以1:1的關係對應。因此，如果預先藉由實驗掌握二者的對應關係，並根據實驗資料等將控制用的資料(例如表格資料、運算程式資料等)納入於控制部70的控制程式等，則在第三驅動期間中能夠藉由前授控制調整光圈口徑。以下進行具體描述。Thereby, the count value of the number of input pulses corresponds to the value of the aperture diameter in a 1:1 relationship. Therefore, if the correspondence between the two is grasped in advance by experiments, and the control data (for example, table data, calculation program data, etc.) is included in the control program of the control unit 70 or the like based on the experimental data, etc., during the third driving period. The aperture diameter can be adjusted by the pre-administration control. The details are described below.

當將待利用控制指令信號指定的光圈口徑的目標值定為「D1」時，電動機控制電路71從上述控制用的資料讀出與光圈口徑的目標值相符的輸入脈衝數的目標值。並且，以使輸入脈衝數的計數值與輸入脈衝數的目標值「D1」一致的方式產生指定脈衝的順序和數量的控制指令信號而輸出至電動機驅動電路72。如此，電動機驅動電路72將利用控制指令信號指定的數量的脈衝按照利用該控制指令信號指定的順序(遞升順序或者遞降順序)輸入步進電動機8。When the target value of the aperture diameter specified by the control command signal to be used is set to "D1", the motor control circuit 71 reads the target value of the number of input pulses corresponding to the target value of the aperture aperture from the data for control. Then, the control command signal of the order and the number of designated pulses is generated and output to the motor drive circuit 72 so that the count value of the number of input pulses coincides with the target value "D1" of the number of input pulses. In this manner, the motor drive circuit 72 inputs the number of pulses specified by the control command signal to the stepping motor 8 in the order specified by the control command signal (in ascending order or descending order).

例如，相對於輸入脈衝數的目標值「D1」，在輸入脈衝數的計數值為大於D1的「Da」的情況下，以遞降順序對步進電動機8輸入相當於差額「Da-D1」的數量的脈衝。相反地，相對於輸入脈衝數的目標值「D1」，在輸入脈衝數的計數值為小於D1的「Db」的情況下，以遞升順序對步進電動機8輸入相當於差額「D1-Db」的數量的脈衝。然後，在輸入脈衝數的目標值從「D1」切換至「D2」的情況下，因應於此，以使脈衝數的計數值與輸入脈衝數的目標值「D2」一致的方式將脈衝輸入步進電動機8。藉此，能夠根據目標值對光圈口徑進行調整。For example, when the count value of the number of input pulses is greater than D1 "Da" with respect to the target value "D1" of the number of input pulses, the difference motor "Da-D1" is input to the stepping motor 8 in descending order. The number of pulses. On the other hand, when the count value of the number of input pulses is less than D1 "Db" with respect to the target value "D1" of the number of input pulses, the difference "D1-Db" is input to the stepping motor 8 in the ascending order. The number of pulses. Then, when the target value of the number of input pulses is switched from "D1" to "D2", the pulse input step is performed so that the count value of the number of pulses matches the target value "D2" of the number of input pulses. Into the motor 8. Thereby, the aperture diameter can be adjusted in accordance with the target value.

<6.　本實施方式所涉及的效果><6. Effects according to the present embodiment>

以下描述本發明的實施方式所涉及的效果。The effects of the embodiments of the present invention are described below.

首先，在利用上述驅動方法驅動光圈裝置1的情況下，當從動作構件15的勾掛部43B抵靠於止擋部4B的狀態(限制狀態)將輸入開始脈衝輸入步進電動機8時，因應於該脈衝的輸入，步進電動機8旋轉動作。並且，對於應用本發明的實施方式所涉及的製造方法製造的所有的光圈裝置1而言，均能獲得上述步進電動機8的旋轉動作。First, when the diaphragm device 1 is driven by the above-described driving method, when the input start pulse is input to the stepping motor 8 from the state (restricted state) in which the hooking portion 43B of the operating member 15 abuts against the stopper portion 4B, the response is input. At the input of this pulse, the stepping motor 8 rotates. Further, the rotation operation of the stepping motor 8 can be obtained for all the aperture devices 1 to which the manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.

因此，當分別在限制狀態下以遞升順序將某一決定數量的脈衝輸入所製造的各個光圈裝置1時，在所有的光圈裝置1中步進電動機8都以相同的旋轉量旋轉。因此，在從限制狀態利用相同的條件(脈衝的數量和順序)驅動步進電動機8的情況下，光圈葉片5、6的移動時的停止位置不會產生偏移(偏差)。因此，在利用抵靠方式驅動步進電動機8的情況下，能夠防止光圈調整時的光圈構件(光圈葉片5、6)的位置偏移。結果，在將步進電動機8用作驅動源的光圈裝置1中，無需使用感測器等就能夠實現光圈調整的高精度化。Therefore, when a certain number of pulses are input to the respective aperture devices 1 manufactured in the ascending order in the restricted state, the stepping motors 8 are rotated by the same amount of rotation in all the aperture devices 1. Therefore, when the stepping motor 8 is driven by the same condition (the number and order of pulses) from the restricted state, the stop position at the time of movement of the diaphragm blades 5, 6 does not cause an offset (deviation). Therefore, when the stepping motor 8 is driven by the abutting method, it is possible to prevent the positional displacement of the diaphragm members (the diaphragm blades 5, 6) during the diaphragm adjustment. As a result, in the diaphragm device 1 using the stepping motor 8 as a drive source, it is possible to achieve high precision of the diaphragm adjustment without using a sensor or the like.

並且，尤其，如果將本發明的技術思想應用於如同在本實施方式中採用的光圈裝置1，即光圈構件(光圈葉片5、6)所形成的開口部的開口徑根據該光圈構件的移動而連續地(無段式)改變的光圈裝置中，則能夠期待在實現光圈裝置的高精度化的方面有更顯著的效果。Further, in particular, if the technical idea of the present invention is applied to the aperture device 1 as employed in the present embodiment, the opening diameter of the opening formed by the diaphragm member (the diaphragm blades 5, 6) depends on the movement of the diaphragm member. In the aperture device that is continuously changed (without a segment), it is expected that a more remarkable effect can be achieved in achieving high precision of the diaphragm device.

再者，在本實施方式中，相對於利用止擋部4B限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度，將輸入開始脈衝設定成對應於脈衝輸入的遞升順序中的下一個步停止角度(下一步的激磁模式)對應的脈衝。因此，當從動作構件15的勾掛部43B抵靠於止擋部4B的狀態將輸入開始脈衝輸入步進電動機8時，能夠使步進電動機8相對於該脈衝的輸入而毫無動作延遲地旋轉。In the present embodiment, the input start pulse is set to be in the step-up sequence corresponding to the pulse input with respect to the step stop angle in a state in which one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 is restricted by the stopper portion 4B. The next step stops the angle (the next excitation mode) corresponding to the pulse. Therefore, when the input start pulse is input to the stepping motor 8 from the state in which the hook portion 43B of the operating member 15 abuts against the stopper portion 4B, the stepping motor 8 can be made to have no delay in operation with respect to the input of the pulse. Rotate.

(參考態樣)(reference form)

就用於防止上述光圈調整時的光圈構件的位置偏移的參考態樣而言，考慮如下的方式。Regarding the reference aspect for preventing the positional shift of the diaphragm member at the time of the above-described diaphragm adjustment, the following manner is considered.

即，對於組裝完畢後的各個光圈裝置(已裝入步進電動機)，調查當藉由該光圈裝置的一個構成構件與止擋件之間的抵靠來限制光圈構件的移動範圍的一端時，步進電動機停止在對應於哪一步的激磁模式的角度位置。並且，在從利用止擋件限制光圈構件的移動範圍的一端的狀態將脈衝輸入步進電動機的情況下，從對應於此時的步進電動機所停止的角度(以下稱「初始停止角度」)的脈衝開始依次進行輸入。In other words, for each of the aperture devices (which have been incorporated in the stepping motor) after assembly, it is investigated when one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm member is restricted by the abutment between one of the constituent members of the diaphragm device and the stopper, The stepping motor stops at the angular position of the excitation mode corresponding to which step. In the case where a pulse is input to the stepping motor from the state in which one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm member is restricted by the stopper, the angle corresponding to the stop of the stepping motor at this time (hereinafter referred to as "initial stop angle") The pulses begin to be input in sequence.

例如，當步進電動機停止在對應於第一步的激磁模式的位置的情況下，按照第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→第二步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。For example, when the stepping motor stops at the position corresponding to the excitation mode of the first step, follow the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → the second step → (the same cycle is performed later) The order is input to the pulse.

並且，當步進電動機停止在對應於第二步的激磁模式的位置的情況下，按照第三步→第四步→第一步→第二步→第三步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。And, when the stepping motor stops at the position corresponding to the excitation mode of the second step, follow the third step → fourth step → first step → second step → third step → (the same cycle is performed later) The order is input to the pulse.

並且，當步進電動機停止在對應於第三步的激磁模式的位置的情況下，從該狀態開始，按照第四步→第一步→第二步→第三步→第四步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。And, when the stepping motor stops at the position corresponding to the exciting mode of the third step, starting from the state, according to the fourth step → first step → second step → third step → fourth step → (after The same cycle is performed in the order of the input pulses.

並且，當步進電動機停止在對應於第四步的激磁模式的位置的情況下，從該狀態開始，按照第一步→第二步→第三步→第四步→第一步→(以後進行同樣的循環)的次序輸入脈衝。And, when the stepping motor is stopped at the position corresponding to the exciting mode of the fourth step, starting from the state, according to the first step → the second step → the third step → the fourth step → the first step → (after The same cycle is performed in the order of the input pulses.

由此，無論步進電動機停止在哪個角度位置，當從上述光圈裝置的一個構成構件抵靠於止擋件的狀態將規定數量的脈衝輸入步進電動機時，不會因為基於該脈衝的輸入所進行的步進電動機的驅動而導致最終光圈構件停止的位置產生偏移。但是，實際上，當採用上述方法時，必須對於組裝完畢後的多個光圈裝置，逐個調查「步進電動機的初始停止角度」，並根據調查的結果針對各個光圈裝置設定從基於止擋件的抵靠狀態開始對步進電動機起始輸入的脈衝(以下稱「初始輸入脈衝」)。因此，光圈裝置的製造程序變得繁雜。Thus, regardless of the angular position at which the stepping motor is stopped, when a predetermined number of pulses are input to the stepping motor from a state in which one of the constituent members of the diaphragm device abuts against the stopper, there is no input based on the pulse. The driving of the stepping motor is performed to cause a shift in the position at which the final diaphragm member stops. However, in actuality, when the above method is employed, it is necessary to investigate the "initial stop angle of the stepping motor" for each of the plurality of aperture devices after the assembly, and to set the stop-based based on the results of the investigation for each of the aperture devices. The pulse that starts the input to the stepping motor (hereinafter referred to as "initial input pulse") is started in the abutment state. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the aperture device becomes complicated.

相對於此，在使用本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置的情況下，能在光圈調整用的驅動源使用步進電動機的情況下，即使不調查步進電動機的初始停止角度、或者根據該初始停止角度設定初始輸入脈衝，仍然防止光圈調整時的光圈構件的位置偏移。On the other hand, when the aperture device according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, when the stepping motor is used as the drive source for diaphragm adjustment, the initial stop angle of the stepping motor is not investigated or The initial stop angle sets the initial input pulse, and still prevents the positional shift of the diaphragm member when the aperture is adjusted.

另外，本發明的技術範圍並不限定於上述實施方式，亦包含在能夠導出發明的構成要件或其組合所得到的特定的效果的範圍中施加各種變更或改良的態樣。以下對具體的變形例進行說明。Further, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and improvements are also made in the range in which the specific effects obtained by the constituent elements of the invention or a combination thereof can be derived. Specific modifications will be described below.

＜7.變形例＞<7. Modifications>

[變形例1][Modification 1]

在本發明的實施方式中，使用組合了多個齒輪的機構(齒輪減速機構)作為驅動力傳遞機構的一例，但是，本發明並不限於此。例如，就驅動力傳遞機構的其他例而言，也可以是將確動帶輪(帶齒的帶輪)和確動皮帶予以組合的機構。In the embodiment of the present invention, a mechanism (gear reduction mechanism) in which a plurality of gears are combined is used as an example of the driving force transmission mechanism, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, in another example of the driving force transmission mechanism, a mechanism that combines the positive pulley (the toothed pulley) and the fixed belt may be used.

[變形例2][Modification 2]

在本發明的實施方式中，採用2相激磁方式作為步進電動機的驅動方式(激磁方式)，但是，本發明並不限於此，也能夠採用其他的方式，例如1-2相激磁方式等。In the embodiment of the present invention, the two-phase excitation method is employed as the driving method (excitation method) of the stepping motor. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other methods such as a 1-2 phase excitation method or the like can be employed.

[變形例3][Modification 3]

在本發明的實施方式中，在作為光圈構件的一例的光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端和另一端中，利用止擋部4B限制縮小光圈的一側的移動端，並以該移動端為基準切換輸入步進電動機8的脈衝的數量和順序，但是，本發明並不限於此，亦能以放大光圈的一側的移動端作為基準。In the embodiment of the present invention, in one end and the other end of the moving range of the diaphragm blades 5, 6 as an example of the diaphragm member, the moving end of the side on which the aperture is reduced is restricted by the stopper portion 4B, and the moving end is used The number and order of the pulses input to the stepping motor 8 are switched for the reference, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the moving end of one side of the aperture can be used as a reference.

並且，就光圈構件的構造而言，亦不限於上述光圈葉片5、6，也可以採用其他的構造。Further, the structure of the diaphragm member is not limited to the above-described diaphragm blades 5 and 6, and other configurations may be employed.

[變形例4][Modification 4]

在本發明的實施方式中形成為利用2片光圈葉片構成光圈構件，藉由使這2片光圈葉片彼此朝相反方向移動而令開口部的開口徑連續地改變的結構，但是，本發明並不限於此。例如，也可以藉由僅使2片光圈葉片中的一者移動而令開口部的開口徑改變。並且，就光圈構件的其他的例子而言，在本發明中例如也可以應用形成為如下的機構的光圈裝置：採用具有多個不同孔徑的光圈孔的板狀的光圈構件，藉由使該光圈構件移動而使其中任一個光圈孔與一孔徑大於該光圈孔的孔對位。In the embodiment of the present invention, the aperture member is formed by using two aperture blades, and the apertures of the apertures are continuously changed by moving the two aperture blades in opposite directions. However, the present invention does not Limited to this. For example, the opening diameter of the opening may be changed by moving only one of the two aperture blades. Further, in another example of the diaphragm member, in the present invention, for example, a diaphragm device having a mechanism in which a diaphragm-shaped diaphragm member having a plurality of aperture holes having different apertures is used, by using the diaphragm The member is moved such that either of the apertures is aligned with a aperture having a larger aperture than the aperture.

[變形例5][Modification 5]

在本發明的實施方式中，假想利用2相驅動方式驅動2相的步進電動機8的情況，相對於利用限制單元限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度，當將輸入開始脈衝輸入步進電動機8時，將按照脈衝輸入的遞升順序而言對應於下一步的步停止角度的脈衝設定為輸入開始脈衝，但是，本發明並不限於此。In the embodiment of the present invention, when the two-phase stepping motor 8 is driven by the two-phase driving method, the step stop angle in the state in which one end of the moving range of the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 is restricted by the limiting unit is used. When the input start pulse is input to the stepping motor 8, the pulse corresponding to the next step stop angle is set as the input start pulse in accordance with the ascending order of the pulse input, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

即，只要達成預期的目的，也可以相對於利用限制單元限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度，將對應於該步停止角度的脈衝、或者是按照脈衝輸入的遞降順序而言對應於下一步的步停止角度的脈衝設定成輸入開始脈衝。That is, as long as the intended purpose is achieved, the pulse corresponding to the stop angle of the step, or the pulse input may be input with respect to the step stop angle in a state in which one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5, 6 is restricted by the restriction unit. The pulse corresponding to the next step stop angle in the descending order is set as the input start pulse.

例如，假定利用限制單元限制光圈葉片5、6的移動範圍的一端的狀態下的步停止角度是當輸入對應於第二步的激磁模式的脈衝時步進電動機8所停止的步停止角度。在該情況下，可以將對應於第一步、第二步、或者第三步的激磁模式對應的脈衝的其中任一者設定成輸入開始脈衝。For example, it is assumed that the step stop angle in a state in which one end of the range of movement of the diaphragm blades 5, 6 is restricted by the restriction unit is a step stop angle at which the stepping motor 8 is stopped when a pulse corresponding to the excitation mode of the second step is input. In this case, any one of the pulses corresponding to the excitation mode corresponding to the first step, the second step, or the third step may be set as the input start pulse.

此外，在將對應於第四步的激磁模式的脈衝設定成輸入開始脈衝的情況下，當實際將該輸入開始脈衝輸入步進電動機8時，步進電動機8的旋轉動作無法決定為唯一。因此，無法達成預期的目的。Further, when the pulse corresponding to the excitation mode of the fourth step is set as the input start pulse, when the input start pulse is actually input to the stepping motor 8, the rotation operation of the stepping motor 8 cannot be determined to be unique. Therefore, the intended purpose cannot be achieved.

[變形例6][Modification 6]

在本發明的實施方式中，動作構件15的動作方式為旋轉動作，但是不限於此，也可以是其他的動作方式、例如繞轉動作或者直線動作。In the embodiment of the present invention, the operation mode of the operation member 15 is a rotation operation, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be another operation mode such as a revolving operation or a linear operation.

並且，本發明並不限於光圈裝置、照相機、或者光圈裝置和照相機的製造方法、驅動方法等，也能夠應用於具備該照相機的電子設備(例如保全設備等)或其製造方法。並且，此種電子設備或其製造方法能夠抽出作為發明之一。上述電子設備形成為具備本發明的實施方式所涉及的照相機、以及對從該照相機輸入的圖像信號進行處理的圖像處理部的結構。Further, the present invention is not limited to a diaphragm device, a camera, a method of manufacturing an aperture device and a camera, a driving method, and the like, and can be applied to an electronic device (for example, a security device) including the camera or a method of manufacturing the same. Further, such an electronic device or a method of manufacturing the same can be extracted as one of the inventions. The electronic device is configured to include a camera according to an embodiment of the present invention and an image processing unit that processes an image signal input from the camera.

並且，本發明並不限於藉由使作為光圈構件的一例的光圈葉片5、6移動而進行光圈調整的光圈裝置，也能夠廣泛應用於包含上述光圈構件並且使用步進電動機作為使各種移動件移動的驅動源的移動件驅動裝置。並且，此種移動件驅動裝置能夠抽出作為發明之一。Further, the present invention is not limited to the diaphragm device that performs diaphragm adjustment by moving the diaphragm blades 5 and 6 as an example of the diaphragm member, and can be widely applied to the above-described diaphragm member and using a stepping motor as a movement of various moving members. The mobile drive of the drive source. Further, such a moving member driving device can be extracted as one of the inventions.

1．．．光圈裝置1. . . Aperture device

2．．．光圈功能部2. . . Aperture function

3．．．光圈驅動部3. . . Aperture drive unit

4．．．葉片基板4. . . Blade substrate

4A、22．．．突起部4A, 22. . . Protrusion

4B．．．止擋部4B. . . Stop

5．．．光圈葉片5. . . Aperture blade

6．．．光圈葉片6. . . Aperture blade

7．．．葉片罩7. . . Blade cover

8．．．步進電動機8. . . Stepper motor

9．．．罩蓋構件9. . . Cover member

10．．．叉形構件10. . . Fork member

11、12、13、14．．．中間齒輪11, 12, 13, 14. . . Intermediate gear

15．．．動作構件15. . . Action component

16．．．托架構件16. . . Bracket member

17．．．第一基板部分17. . . First substrate portion

18．．．第二基板部分18. . . Second substrate portion

19．．．小孔19. . . Small hole

20．．．周壁20. . . Zhou wall

21、30．．．開口部21, 30. . . Opening

23．．．臂部twenty three. . . Arm

24、38、41．．．孔部24, 38, 41. . . Hole

25、28．．．引導槽25, 28. . . Boot slot

26、29．．．卡合孔26, 29. . . Engagement hole

27．．．彎曲部27. . . Bending

31A、31B．．．餘隙槽部31A, 31B. . . Clearance groove

32．．．爪部32. . . Claw

33．．．配線部33. . . Wiring department

34．．．連接器部34. . . Connector part

35．．．第一鉤部35. . . First hook

36．．．第2鉤部36. . . Second hook

37．．．引導壁37. . . Guide wall

39．．．夾持部39. . . Grip

40．．．腿部40. . . Leg

42．．．餘隙部42. . . Clearance

43A．．．勾掛部43A. . . Hook

43B．．．勾掛部43B. . . Hook

44．．．餘隙孔部44. . . Clearance hole

45．．．內齒齒輪部45. . . Internal gear section

46．．．軸孔部46. . . Shaft hole

47、53．．．凹陷部47, 53. . . Depression

48、54．．．磁鐵48, 54. . . magnet

49．．．側壁部49. . . Side wall

50．．．底板部50. . . Bottom plate

51．．．勾掛孔部51. . . Hook hole

52、66．．．銷部52, 66. . . Sales department

55、56、64．．．軸部55, 56, 64. . . Shaft

57．．．框體57. . . framework

58．．．旋轉體58. . . Rotating body

59．．．第一收納部59. . . First storage unit

60．．．第二收納部60. . . Second storage unit

61．．．缺口部61. . . Notch

62、63．．．抵靠壁62, 63. . . Against the wall

65．．．桿部65. . . Rod

67．．．螺柱部67. . . Stud section

68．．．驅動齒輪68. . . Drive gear

69．．．連接器基板69. . . Connector substrate

70．．．控制部70. . . Control department

71．．．電動機控制電路71. . . Motor control circuit

72．．．電動機驅動電路72. . . Motor drive circuit

100．．．照相機100. . . camera

101．．．安裝基座101. . . Mounting base

102．．．照相機主體102. . . Camera body

103．．．鏡筒部103. . . Tube barrel

104．．．物鏡104. . . Objective lens

105．．．攝影元件(光電轉換元件)105. . . Photographic element (photoelectric conversion element)

M．．．標記M. . . mark

θ．．．打開角度θ. . . Opening angle

S1~S4．．．步驟S1~S4. . . step

圖1(A)、(B)係顯示應用本發明的照相機的結構例的圖。1(A) and 1(B) are views showing a configuration example of a camera to which the present invention is applied.

圖2係顯示本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置的機械結構例的立體圖。2 is a perspective view showing an example of a mechanical configuration of an aperture device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖3係顯示葉片基板的構造的立體圖。Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a blade substrate.

圖4是從下方(背側)觀察構件安裝中途的葉片基板的立體圖。4 is a perspective view of the blade substrate in the middle of mounting of the member as viewed from the lower side (back side).

圖5係顯示動作構件的構造的立體圖。Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an action member.

圖6係顯示本發明的實施方式所涉及的光圈裝置1的控制系統的概要結構的方塊圖。FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a control system of the diaphragm device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

圖7係顯示托架構件的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a mounting procedure of the bracket member.

圖8係顯示動作構件的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure of the action member.

圖9係顯示中間齒輪(14)的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure of the intermediate gear (14).

圖10係顯示組裝用的夾具的結構的圖，(A)為俯視圖，(B)為立體圖。Fig. 10 is a view showing the structure of a jig for assembly, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a perspective view.

圖11是說明組裝用的夾具的使用方法的圖(其1)。Fig. 11 is a view (1) for explaining a method of using a jig for assembly.

圖12是說明組裝用的夾具的使用方法的圖(其2)。Fig. 12 is a view (2) for explaining a method of using the jig for assembly.

圖13係顯示中間齒輪(13)的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a mounting procedure of the intermediate gear (13).

圖14係顯示中間齒輪(12)的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing a mounting procedure of the intermediate gear (12).

圖15係顯示中間齒輪(11)的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 15 is a perspective view showing an installation procedure of the intermediate gear (11).

圖16係顯示叉形(yoke)構件的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing a mounting procedure of a yoke member.

圖17係顯示罩蓋構件的安裝程序的立體圖。Figure 17 is a perspective view showing a mounting procedure of the cover member.

圖18係顯示步進電動機的安裝程序的立體圖。Fig. 18 is a perspective view showing a mounting procedure of the stepping motor.

圖19係顯示中間齒輪(11)與驅動齒輪68的嚙合狀態的放大圖。Fig. 19 is an enlarged view showing the meshing state of the intermediate gear (11) and the drive gear 68.

圖20係顯示從步進電動機到光圈葉片的動力傳遞系統的連結狀態的俯視圖。Fig. 20 is a plan view showing a connected state of a power transmission system from a stepping motor to an aperture blade.

圖21係顯示從步進電動機到光圈葉片的動力傳遞系統的連結狀態的側視圖。Fig. 21 is a side view showing a connected state of a power transmission system from a stepping motor to an aperture blade.

圖22係顯示從上方觀察從步進電動機到光圈葉片的動力傳遞系統的連結狀態的立體圖。Fig. 22 is a perspective view showing a connected state of the power transmission system from the stepping motor to the diaphragm blade as viewed from above.

圖23係顯示從下方觀察從步進電動機到光圈葉片的動力傳遞系統的連結狀態的立體圖。Fig. 23 is a perspective view showing a connected state of the power transmission system from the stepping motor to the diaphragm blades as viewed from below.

圖24係顯示步進電動機的驅動方式的一例的圖。Fig. 24 is a view showing an example of a driving method of the stepping motor.

圖25係顯示步進電動機的驅動方法的一例的流程圖。Fig. 25 is a flow chart showing an example of a driving method of the stepping motor.

1．．．光圈裝置1. . . Aperture device

2．．．光圈功能部2. . . Aperture function

3．．．光圈驅動部3. . . Aperture drive unit

4．．．葉片基板4. . . Blade substrate

5．．．光圈葉片5. . . Aperture blade

6．．．光圈葉片6. . . Aperture blade

7．．．葉片罩7. . . Blade cover

8．．．步進電動機8. . . Stepper motor

9．．．罩蓋構件9. . . Cover member

10．．．叉形構件10. . . Fork member

11、12、13、14．．．中間齒輪11, 12, 13, 14. . . Intermediate gear

15．．．動作構件15. . . Action component

16．．．托架構件16. . . Bracket member

17．．．第一基板部分17. . . First substrate portion

18．．．第二基板部分18. . . Second substrate portion

20．．．周壁20. . . Zhou wall

21、30．．．開口部21, 30. . . Opening

22．．．突起部twenty two. . . Protrusion

23．．．臂部twenty three. . . Arm

24、38、41．．．孔部24, 38, 41. . . Hole

25、28．．．引導槽25, 28. . . Boot slot

26、29．．．卡合孔26, 29. . . Engagement hole

27．．．彎曲部27. . . Bending

31A、31B．．．餘隙槽部31A, 31B. . . Clearance groove

32．．．爪部32. . . Claw

33．．．配線部33. . . Wiring department

34．．．連接器部34. . . Connector part

35．．．第一鉤部35. . . First hook

36．．．第2鉤部36. . . Second hook

37．．．引導壁37. . . Guide wall

39．．．夾持部39. . . Grip

40．．．腿部40. . . Leg

42．．．餘隙部42. . . Clearance

43A．．．勾掛部43A. . . Hook

43B．．．勾掛部43B. . . Hook

44．．．餘隙孔部44. . . Clearance hole

45．．．內齒齒輪部45. . . Internal gear section

46．．．軸孔部46. . . Shaft hole

47、53．．．凹陷部47, 53. . . Depression

48、54．．．磁鐵48, 54. . . magnet

49．．．側壁部49. . . Side wall

50．．．底板部50. . . Bottom plate

51．．．勾掛孔部51. . . Hook hole

52．．．銷部52. . . Sales department

55、56．．．軸部55, 56. . . Shaft

Claims

一種光圈裝置，其特徵在於，該光圈裝置包含：光圈構件，形成有供光通過的開口部；動作構件，使該光圈構件在令該開口部的開口徑改變的方向移動；限制單元，以抵靠方式限制由該動作構件使該光圈構件移動的移動範圍的至少一端；步進電動機，作為驅動源；以及驅動力傳遞機構，將該步進電動機的驅動力傳遞給該動作構件；並且該光圈構件所形成的該開口部的開口徑係藉由該光圈構件的移動而連續地改變，該步進電動機和該驅動力傳遞機構裝配成：當利用該限制單元限制該光圈構件的移動範圍的一端時，該步進電動機的旋轉方向的停止角度成為預先決定的規定角度。 An aperture device comprising: an aperture member having an opening through which light passes; and an operation member moving the aperture member in a direction in which an opening diameter of the opening is changed; and a limiting unit Restricting at least one end of a moving range in which the operating member moves the diaphragm member; a stepping motor as a driving source; and a driving force transmitting mechanism that transmits a driving force of the stepping motor to the operating member; and the aperture The opening diameter of the opening formed by the member is continuously changed by the movement of the diaphragm member, and the stepping motor and the driving force transmitting mechanism are assembled such that one end of the moving range of the diaphragm member is restricted by the limiting unit At this time, the stop angle of the stepping motor in the rotation direction is a predetermined predetermined angle.

如申請專利範圍第1項之光圈裝置，該光圈裝置具備：電動機驅動單元，以預先決定的順序將脈衝輸入該步進電動機，從而驅動該步進電動機，該順序為遞升順序或者遞降順序；並且該電動機驅動單元至少以第一驅動期間、第二驅動期間、以及第三驅動期間驅動該步進電動機，其中，在該第一驅動期間中，以利用該限制單元限制該光圈構件的移動範圍的一端的方式驅動該步進電動機，在該第二驅動期間中，從利用該限制單元限制該光圈構件的移動範圍的一端的狀態開始，以對應於該規定角度而預先決定的次序的脈衝作為起始待輸入該步進電動機的脈衝，依次將脈衝輸入該步進電動機，藉此朝解除基於該限制單元所限制的方向驅動該步進電動機，在該第三驅動期間中，以根據控制指令信號切換輸入該步進電動機的脈衝的遞升順序、遞降順序以及數量的方式驅動該步進電動機。 An aperture device according to claim 1, wherein the aperture device includes: a motor drive unit that inputs a pulse into the stepping motor in a predetermined order to drive the stepping motor in a step-up sequence or a descending sequence; The motor driving unit drives the stepping motor at least during a first driving period, a second driving period, and a third driving period, wherein in the first driving period, the moving range of the diaphragm member is restricted by the limiting unit The stepping motor is driven by one end, and in the second driving period, starting from a state in which one end of the moving range of the diaphragm member is restricted by the limiting unit, a pulse in a predetermined order corresponding to the predetermined angle is used a pulse to be input to the stepping motor, and a pulse is sequentially input to the stepping motor, thereby driving the stepping motor in a direction restricted by the limiting unit, in the third driving period, according to a control command signal Switch input to this step The stepping motor is driven in a step-up sequence, a descending order, and a number of pulses of the motor.

如申請專利範圍第2項之光圈裝置，其中，該電動機驅動單元，在該第二驅動期間中，以對應於使該步進電動機停止在該規定角度時輸入的脈衝的下一步的激磁模式的脈衝，作為起始待輸入該步進電動機的脈衝。 The aperture device of claim 2, wherein the motor driving unit, in the second driving period, is in an excitation mode corresponding to a next step of a pulse input when the stepping motor is stopped at the predetermined angle A pulse is used as a pulse to be input to the stepping motor.

一種照相機，其特徵在於，該照相機包含：申請專利範圍第1~3項中任一項之光圈裝置；以及光電轉換元件，將穿過該光圈構件所形成的該開口部而入射的光轉換成電信號。 A camera comprising: the aperture device according to any one of claims 1 to 3; and a photoelectric conversion element that converts light incident through the opening formed by the aperture member into electric signal.

一種光圈裝置的製造方法，該光圈裝置包含：光圈構件，形成有供光通過的開口部；動作構件，使該光圈構件在令該開口部的開口徑改變的方向移動；限制單元，以抵靠方式限制該光圈構件受該動作構件所致的移動範圍的至少一端；步進電動機，該步進電動機作為驅動源；以及驅動力傳遞機構，該驅動力傳遞機構用於將該步進電動機的驅動力傳遞給該動作構件；並且該光圈構件所形成的該開口部的開口徑係藉由該光圈構件的移動而連續地改變；該光圈裝置的製造方法之特徵，係於製造該光圈裝置時，在利用該限制單元限制該光圈構件的移動範圍的一端、且使該步進電動機的旋轉方向的停止角度成為預先決定的規定角度的狀態下，裝配該步進電動機和該驅動力傳遞機構。 A method of manufacturing an aperture device comprising: an aperture member having an opening through which light passes; and an operation member moving the aperture member in a direction in which an opening diameter of the opening is changed; and a limiting unit to abut Restricting at least one end of the range of movement of the aperture member by the action member; a stepping motor as the drive source; and a drive force transmitting mechanism for driving the stepping motor a force is transmitted to the operating member; and an opening diameter of the opening formed by the diaphragm member is continuously changed by movement of the diaphragm member; the manufacturing method of the aperture device is characterized in that the aperture device is manufactured The stepping motor and the driving force transmission mechanism are mounted in a state where the restriction unit restricts one end of the movement range of the diaphragm member and the stop angle of the rotation direction of the stepping motor is a predetermined predetermined angle.

一種電子設備，其特徵在於，該電子設備包含：申請專利範圍第4項之照相機；以及圖像處理部，該圖像處理部處理從該照相機輸出的圖像信號。 An electronic device comprising: a camera of claim 4; An image processing unit that processes an image signal output from the camera.

一種移動件驅動裝置，其特徵在於，該移動件驅動裝置包含：移動件，形成有開口部；動作構件，使該移動件移動；限制單元，以抵靠方式限制因該動作構件所造成之該移動件的移動範圍的至少一端；步進電動機，作為驅動源；以及驅動力傳遞機構，將該步進電動機的驅動力傳遞給該動作構件；並且該移動件所形成的該開口部的開口徑係藉由該移動件的移動而連續地改變，該步進電動機和該驅動力傳遞機構裝配成：當利用該限制單元限制該移動件的移動範圍的一端時，該步進電動機的旋轉方向的停止角度成為預先決定的規定角度。A moving member driving device, comprising: a moving member formed with an opening portion; an action member for moving the moving member; and a limiting unit for restricting the action caused by the acting member At least one end of the moving range of the moving member; a stepping motor as a driving source; and a driving force transmitting mechanism that transmits the driving force of the stepping motor to the operating member; and an opening diameter of the opening formed by the moving member Continuously changing by the movement of the moving member, the stepping motor and the driving force transmitting mechanism are assembled such that when one end of the moving range of the moving member is restricted by the limiting unit, the rotation direction of the stepping motor The stop angle becomes a predetermined predetermined angle.